1
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Li S, Ling J, Zhou L. Visible-Light-Promoted Radical gem-Selenosulfonylation or -Iodosulfonylation of 2,2,2-Trifluorodiazoethane under Photosensitizer-Free Conditions. Org Lett 2024; 26:5220-5225. [PMID: 38856637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A visible-light-promoted radical gem-difunctionalization of trifluorodiazoethane with RSO2X (X = SeR', I) for the synthesis of α-seleno or α-iodo trifluoroethyl sulfones is described. This atom-economical reaction is external-photocatalyst- and additive-free and uses nontoxic ethyl acetate as the solvent. The resultant products, which incorporate sulfonyl, trifluoromethyl, and iodo or selenyl functional groups onto one carbon atom, can serve as versatile building blocks. A major synthetic application was demonstrated by ATRA reactions with various terminal alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jiahao Ling
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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2
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Tania, Sceney M, Dutton JL. A decade of lessons in the activation of ArIL 2 species. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3784-3799. [PMID: 38487221 PMCID: PMC10935727 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06588j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine(iii) compounds of the general structure ArIL2 are widely used as oxidizing agents for a variety of applications across both organic and inorganic chemistry. Considerable work has been done on the activation of these compounds by tuning the ligands at the iodine centre. This perspective summarises the work of our and other groups on rectification of historically misidentified iodine(iii) reagents of this class, and the syntheses of activated species. Recent advances focusing on increasing the oxidative capacity of I(iii) moieties using Lewis and Brønsted acids and Lewis bases as well as the activation of halogens with I(iii) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Marcus Sceney
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria Australia
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3
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Yao J, Yang R, Liu C, Zhao BH, Zhang B, Wu Y. Alkynes Electrooxidation to α,α-Dichloroketones in Seawater with Natural Chlorine Participation via Competitive Reaction Inhibition and Tip-Enhanced Reagent Concentration. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:155-162. [PMID: 38292614 PMCID: PMC10823507 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The traditional synthesis of α,α-dichloroketones usually requires corrosive chlorine, harsh reaction conditions, or excessive electrolytes. Here, we report an electrooxidation strategy of ethynylbenzenes to α,α-dichloroketones by directly utilizing seawater as the chlorine source and electrolyte solution without an additional supporting electrolyte. High-curvature NiCo2O4 nanocones are designed to inhibit competitive O2 and Cl2 evolution reactions and concentrate Cl- and OH- ions, accelerating α,α-dichloroketone electrosynthesis. NiCo2O4 nanocones produce 81% yield, 61% Faradaic efficiency, and 44.2 mmol gcat.-1 h-1 yield rate of α,α-dichloroketones, outperforming NiCo2O4 nanosheets. A Cl• radical triggered Cl• and OH• radical addition mechanism is revealed by a variety of radical-trapping and control experiments. The feasibility of a solar-powered electrosynthesis system, methodological universality, and extended synthesis of α,α-dichloroketone-drug blocks confirm its practical potential. This work may provide a sustainable solution to the electrocatalytic synthesis of α,α-dichloroketones via the utilization of seawater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cuibo Liu
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bo-Hang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongmeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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4
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Wilson DJD. Extreme NMR shielding in fluoro-nitrogen cations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25420-25434. [PMID: 37706351 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03399f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The structure and NMR shielding of a set of N-F containing cations is reported to near-quantitative accuracy from extensive ab initio calculations. Currently, the shortest experimentally confirmed N-F bond is 1.2461(10) Å in NNF+, however CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pVQZ-F12 optimised geometries suggest that even shorter N-F bonds are possible for both monocations (1.236 Å, HNF+) and dications (1.098 Å, NF2+). NMR shielding constants have been calculated in a composite manner with individual components from coupled-cluster expansions up to CCSDTQP and basis sets up to aug-cc-pCV8Z, together with vibrational and relativistic corrections. 15N and 19F NMR chemical shifts correlate well with available experimental data. Extreme 19F chemical shifts are predicted for HNF+ (1628.9 ppm) and NH2F2+ (1298.0 ppm), which are by far the largest 19F chemical shifts ever reported and well outside the known range of +865 ppm (F2O2) to -448 ppm (ClF). The 15N chemical shift of -1283.07 ppm in HNF+ is similarly extreme, being well outside the known range of 15N chemical shifts of -730 to 260 ppm (CH3NO2 reference). This work highlights the application of state-of-the-art theoretical techniques, and provides accurate NMR properties of both isolated and yet unknown N-F cations, which can serve to guide and supplement NMR experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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5
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Maret C, David N, Pierrot D, Léonel E, Levacher V, Brière JF, Oudeyer S. Synthesis of α-Chloroarylacetic Acid via Electrochemical Carboxylation of α,α-Dichloroarylmethane Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:6704. [PMID: 37764480 PMCID: PMC10537669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrocarboxylation of α,α-dichloroarylmethane derivatives in the presence of CO2 was achieved, providing several α-chloroarylacetic acid derivatives with modest yields but high selectivity (chlorinated vs. non-chlorinated or dicarboxylic acid products). The obtained products were then involved in several chemical transformations, underlining their potential as versatile intermediates in synthetic chemistry. A mechanism was also proposed based upon a control experiment and cyclic voltammetry (CV) study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Maret
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, INC3M FR 3038, F-76000 Rouen, France; (C.M.); (N.D.); (D.P.); (V.L.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Nicolas David
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, INC3M FR 3038, F-76000 Rouen, France; (C.M.); (N.D.); (D.P.); (V.L.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - David Pierrot
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, INC3M FR 3038, F-76000 Rouen, France; (C.M.); (N.D.); (D.P.); (V.L.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Eric Léonel
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC, F-94320 Thiais, France;
| | - Vincent Levacher
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, INC3M FR 3038, F-76000 Rouen, France; (C.M.); (N.D.); (D.P.); (V.L.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Jean-François Brière
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, INC3M FR 3038, F-76000 Rouen, France; (C.M.); (N.D.); (D.P.); (V.L.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Sylvain Oudeyer
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Univ, COBRA UMR 6014, INC3M FR 3038, F-76000 Rouen, France; (C.M.); (N.D.); (D.P.); (V.L.); (J.-F.B.)
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6
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Cao M, Ren Y, Zhang R, Xu H, Cheng P, Xu H, Xu Y, Li P. Photochemical "Cut and Sew" Transformations of Ethynylbenziodoxolone Reagents and Diazo Compounds. Org Lett 2023; 25:6300-6304. [PMID: 37610822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a visible-light-induced oxy-alkynylation of diazo compounds with ethynylbenziodoxolones. The efficient protocol provides a mild and metal-free methodology to synthesize propargylic esters in moderate to good yields. Notably, this metal-free carbene transfer reaction appears to involve an oxonium ylide intermediate, followed by intramolecular ligand exchange and reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yikun Ren
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Huayan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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7
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Bennetts JD, Barwise L, Sharp-Bucknall L, White KF, Hogan CF, Dutton JL. Structural verification and new reactivity for Stang's reagent, [PhI(CN)][OTf]. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37325880 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01765f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The structure of Stang's reagent [PhI(CN)][OTf] is confirmed by X-ray crystallography and is determined to be best described as an ion-pair in organic solution. It is found to be a strong Lewis acid, but reaction with pyridine ligands gives [Pyr-CN][OTf] salts via oxidation of pyridine giving a new derivative of the CDAP reagent widely used as an activation agent for polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Bennetts
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Lachlan Barwise
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Lachlan Sharp-Bucknall
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Keith F White
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Conor F Hogan
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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8
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Sharp-Bucknall L, Sceney M, White KF, Dutton JL. Synthesis, structural characterization, reactivity and catalytic activity of mixed halo/triflate ArI(OTf)(X) species. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3358-3370. [PMID: 36809478 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00275f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Both mixed λ3-iodoarenes and λ3-iodoarenes possessing -OTf ligands are coveted for their enhanced reactivities. Here we describe the synthesis, reactivity, and comprehensive characterisation of two new ArI(OTf)(X) species, a class of compound that were previously only invoked as reactive intermediates where X = Cl, F and their divergent reactivity with aryl substrates. A new catalytic system for electrophilic chlorination of deactivated arenes using Cl2 as the chlorine source and ArI/HOTf as the catalyst is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Sceney
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Keith F White
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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9
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Ansari MA, Khan S, Ray S, Shukla G, Singh MS. [2 + 3] Annulative Coupling of Tetrahydroisoquinolines with Aryliodonio diazo compounds To Access 1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4- a]isoquinolines. Org Lett 2022; 24:6078-6082. [PMID: 35925810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Base promoted one-pot annulative coupling of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) with hypervalent iodine(III) species aryliodonio diazo compounds has been devised for the direct construction of 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]isoquinoline derivatives at room temperature in open air for the first time. This approach involves [2 + 3] cascade annulation of nucleophilic THIQ with an electrophilic aryliodonio diazo compound via N-H and α-C1(sp3)-H difunctionalization of THIQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monish Arbaz Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Subhasish Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Gaurav Shukla
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Maya Shankar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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10
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Transition metal-free fluorocyclization of unsaturated N-methoxyamides gives cyclic N-methoxyimidates. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Davis BA, Tania, Dutton JL. Kinetic study on the activation of PhICl 2 with Lewis bases for aromatic chlorination. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12384-12388. [PMID: 35912852 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01842j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A study on the kinetics of the activation of PhICl2 using catalytic chloride or pyridine in electrophilic chlorination of arenes has been carried out. The results indicate that both catalysts induce the release of Cl2 from PhICl2 and that the Cl2 is the active reagent for chlorination in these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Tania
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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12
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Dai PF, Xu H. Novel Chlorination of Imidazo‐Fused Heterocycles via Dichloro(aryl)‐λ3‐iodanes. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Dai
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Department of Nuclear Medicine 218 Jixi Road 230022 Hefei CHINA
| | - Huiqin Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Department of Nuclear Medicine 230022 NanJing CHINA
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13
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Abstract
Herein, we described an efficient method for the construction of highly functionalized diazirines from the carbohydrazide and diazo-substituted hypervalent iodine reagents. Unambiguous transformation has been designed with user applicable and easy practicable conditions. Remarkably, d-glucose, menthol, aspirin, proline, and lithocholic acid were efficiently diazirinated. Furthermore, the method is mild, robust, and highly selective, which successfully converted a variety of aryl, alkyl, benzyl, and heterocyclic hydrazides into the corresponding diazirine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monish Arbaz Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Maya Shankar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
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14
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Do TH, Brown SN. Mono- and Bis(iminoxolene)iridium Complexes: Synthesis and Covalency in π Bonding. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5547-5562. [PMID: 35357169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c04005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
N-(2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)-4,6-di-tert-butyl-o-iminobenzoquinone (Diso) reacts with the (cyclooctadiene)iridium chloride dimer to form a monoiminoxolene complex, (Diso)Ir(cod)Cl. Reaction of 2 equiv of the iminoquinone with chlorobis(cyclooctene)iridium dimer affords the bis-iminoxolene (Diso)2IrCl. This five-coordinate complex adopts a distorted square pyramidal structure with an apical chloride ligand and undergoes halide exchange to form an air-stable iodide complex. (Diso)2IrCl can be reduced by one electron to form neutral, square planar (Diso)2Ir, while oxidation with PhICl2 gives octahedral trans-(Diso)2IrCl2. The cis isomer can be prepared by air oxidation of (Diso)2IrCl; cis/trans isomerization is not observed even on prolonged heating. Structural and spectroscopic features of the complexes are consistent with the presence of strong, covalent π bonding between the metal and the iminoxolene ligands, with structural data suggesting between 45 and 60% iridium character in the π bonding orbitals, depending on the ancillary ligands. The spectroscopic similarity of (Diso)2Ir and (Diso)2IrCl to their cobalt congeners suggests that the first-row metal complexes likewise have appreciably covalent metal-iminoxolene π bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Do
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - Seth N Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
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15
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Ren J, Jia MC, Du FH, Zhang C. A general method for one-step synthesis of monofluoroiodane(III) reagents using silver difluoride. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Tania, Molino A, Sharp-Bucknall L, Wilson DJD, Dutton JL. On the potential intermediacy of PhIBr 2 as a brominating agent. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8454-8460. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PhIBr2 has been invoked as a brominating agent, however PhIBr2 does not appear to exist but rather forms PhI and Br2, with Br2 being responsible for bromination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Andrew Molino
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Lachlan Sharp-Bucknall
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - David J. D. Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
| | - Jason L. Dutton
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia
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17
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Bakro A, Sharp-Bucknall L, Poynder TB, Clegg JK, Wilson DJD, Dutton JL. Lewis acid activation of Weiss' reagents ([PhI(Pyr) 2] 2+) with boranes and isolation of [PhI(4-DMAP)] 2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12163-12166. [PMID: 34726208 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04725f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstraction of a pyridine ligand from Weiss' reagent ([PhI(Pyr)2]2+) using BF3-Et2O was found to activate Weiss' reagent towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The activated species can be isolated when 4-DMAP is used as the pyridine ligand and was determined to be [PhI(4-DMAP)]2+ in solution. The isolated cation was reactive in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions towards mesitylene, xylene and toluene that Weiss' reagent itself does not react with.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Bakro
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Lachlan Sharp-Bucknall
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Tiffany B Poynder
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - David J D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Victoria, Australia.
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18
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Yu Z, Zhang D, Li X, Zhang B, Yang Z, Qian Y, Du Y. Synthesis of 4‐Chalcogenylated Isoxazoles Mediated by PhICl
2
and Diorganyl Disulfides/Diselenides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Dongke Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Zhifang Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Yan Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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19
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Li J, Xing D, Hu W. gem-Difunctionalization of α-diazoarylketones with diaryldiselenides and N-halosuccinimides: facile synthesis of α-halo-α-arylseleno ketones. Mol Divers 2021; 25:2459-2466. [PMID: 32410115 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of α-halo-α-arylseleno ketones has been developed via gem-difunctionalization of α-diazoarylketones with diaryldiselenides and N-halosuccinimides. With this multicomponent approach, a series of α-halo-α-arylseleno ketones were accessed in excellent yields and chemoselectivities under mild conditions. This transformation is proposed to proceed via the key intermediate arylselenenyl halide that generated from diaryldiselenides/N-halosuccinimides, followed by addition with α-diazoarylketones to give the desired gem-difunctionalization products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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20
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Drusgala M, Frühwirt P, Glotz G, Hogrefe K, Torvisco A, Fischer RC, Wilkening HMR, Kelterer A, Gescheidt G, Haas M. Isolable Geminal Bisgermenolates: A New Synthon in Organometallic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23646-23650. [PMID: 34464492 PMCID: PMC8596710 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized the first isolable geminal bisenolates L2 K2 Ge[(CO)R]2 (R=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl (2 a,b), L=THF for (2 a) or [18]-crown-6 for (2 b)), a new synthon for the synthesis of organometallic reagents. The formation of these derivatives was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The UV/Vis spectra of these anions show three distinct bands, which were assigned by DFT calculations. The efficiency of 2 a,b to serve as new building block in macromolecular chemistry is demonstrated by the reactions with two different types of electrophiles (acid chlorides and alkyl halides). In all cases the salt metathesis reaction gave rise to novel Ge-based photoinitiators in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Drusgala
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
| | - Philipp Frühwirt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Gabriel Glotz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Katharina Hogrefe
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/III8010GrazAustria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
| | - Roland C. Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
| | - H. Martin R. Wilkening
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/III8010GrazAustria
| | - Anne‐Marie Kelterer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
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21
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Drusgala M, Frühwirt P, Glotz G, Hogrefe K, Torvisco A, Fischer RC, Wilkening HMR, Kelterer A, Gescheidt G, Haas M. Isolable Geminal Bisgermenolates: A New Synthon in Organometallic Chemistry. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 133:23838-23842. [PMID: 38505802 PMCID: PMC10946821 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized the first isolable geminal bisenolates L2K2Ge[(CO)R]2 (R=2,4,6-trimethylphenyl (2 a,b), L=THF for (2 a) or [18]-crown-6 for (2 b)), a new synthon for the synthesis of organometallic reagents. The formation of these derivatives was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The UV/Vis spectra of these anions show three distinct bands, which were assigned by DFT calculations. The efficiency of 2 a,b to serve as new building block in macromolecular chemistry is demonstrated by the reactions with two different types of electrophiles (acid chlorides and alkyl halides). In all cases the salt metathesis reaction gave rise to novel Ge-based photoinitiators in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Drusgala
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
| | - Philipp Frühwirt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Gabriel Glotz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Katharina Hogrefe
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/III8010GrazAustria
| | - Ana Torvisco
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
| | - Roland C. Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
| | - H. Martin R. Wilkening
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of MaterialsGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/III8010GrazAustria
| | - Anne‐Marie Kelterer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/II8010GrazAustria
| | - Michael Haas
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryGraz University of TechnologyStremayrgasse 9/IV8010GrazAustria
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22
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Farshadfar K, Ariafard A. Catalytic role of amines in activation of PhICl 2 from a computational point of view. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9108-9111. [PMID: 34498641 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03618a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We thoroughly investigated mechanistic features of dichlorination of diazoacetates using PhICl2 catalysed by pyridine. We found that the pyridine serves as a catalyst for decomposition of PhICl2 to PhI and Cl2, leading to the dichlorination step being driven by the in situ generated Cl2. This type of activation was found to be applicable to other amine-catalysed chlorination reactions using PhICl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran 1469669191, Iran
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran 1469669191, Iran.,School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart TAS 7001, Australia.
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23
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Liu S, Su YL, Sun TY, Doyle MP, Wu YD, Zhang X. Precise Introduction of the -CH nX 3-n (X = F, Cl, Br, I) Moiety to Target Molecules by a Radical Strategy: A Theoretical and Experimental Study. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13195-13204. [PMID: 34374531 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Addition of halomethyl radicals to form bioactive molecules has recently become an efficient strategy. The reaction has a bottleneck, however, which is the effective and selective generation of the proper halomethyl •CHnX3-n radical by combining CHnX4-n with a carbon radical. Understanding the reactivity and selectivity of carbon radicals in the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and halogen atom transfer (XAT) reactions of CHnX4-n is key to the development of such an attractive method. With the help of the emerging data-driven strategy, DFT calculations were used to explore various correlations. For selectivity, the relative energy barriers between HAT and XAT reactions (ΔG⧧H - ΔG⧧X) correlate reasonably well with the three parameters ΔGH, ΔGX, and IP, and the correlation studies reveal that the calculated IPinver and the experimental ΔBDE can be used to conveniently predict the selectivity. Predicted selectivities are consistent with experimental determinations. This work not only provides a possibility for selecting carbon radicals with the known or easily obtained physicochemical data but also demonstrates that the informatic workflow such as generating data and identifying correlations has potential applications in mining reaction rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Yong-Liang Su
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Tian-Yu Sun
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China.,Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China.,Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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24
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Tania, Poynder TB, Kaur A, Barwise L, Houston SD, Nair AJ, Clegg JK, Wilson DJD, Dutton JL. PhICl 2 is activated by chloride ions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11986-11991. [PMID: 34378593 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02565a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A study on the potential activating role of pyridine in the electrophilic chlorination of anisole by PhICl2 has led to the discovery that soluble sources of chloride ions activate PhICl2 in the reaction at catalytic loadings, greatly increasing the rate of chlorination. It is further shown that presence of chloride increases the rate of decomposition of PhICl2 into PhI and Cl2. The specific mechanism by which chloride induces electrophilic chlorination and decomposition of PhICl2 remains an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Tiffany B Poynder
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Aishvaryadeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Lachlan Barwise
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Sevan D Houston
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Akshay J Nair
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David J D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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25
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Ramirez NP, Pisella G, Waser J. Cu(I)-Catalyzed gem-Aminoalkynylation of Diazo Compounds: Synthesis of Fluorinated Propargylic Amines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10928-10938. [PMID: 34260244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The gem-aminoalkynylation of fluorinated diazo compounds catalyzed by a simple Cu(I) salt is described. This three-component reaction allows the synthesis of propargylic amines with broad functional group tolerance. Both electron-rich and electron-poor anilines can be used as nucleophiles and alkyl-, aryl-, and silyl-substituted EthynylBenziodoXoles (EBX) as electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves P Ramirez
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Pisella
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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26
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Stockhammer L, Weinzierl D, Bögl T, Waser M. Enantioselective α-Chlorination Reactions of in Situ Generated C1 Ammonium Enolates under Base-Free Conditions. Org Lett 2021; 23:6143-6147. [PMID: 34319102 PMCID: PMC8353620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The asymmetric α-chlorination
of activated aryl acetic acid
esters can be carried out with high levels of enantioselectivities
utilizing commercially available isothiourea catalysts under base-free
conditions. The reaction, which proceeds via the in situ formation
of chiral C1 ammonium enolates, is best carried out under cryogenic
conditions combined with a direct trapping of the activated α-chlorinated
ester derivative to prevent epimerization, thus allowing for enantioselectivities
of up to e.r. 99:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Stockhammer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - David Weinzierl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bögl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Mario Waser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstr. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
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27
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Hu L, Gao T, Deng Q, Xiong Y. Organoiodine-induced hydroxylation as well as enantioselective alkoxylation/hydroxylation of allylic alcohols via 1,2- aryl migration. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Szabó KJ, Lübcke M. Diazocarbonyl Compounds in Organofluorine Chemistry. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1297-6902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDiazocarbonyl compounds are useful substrates in di- and trifunctionalization reactions based on F/CF3/SCF3 introduction. In the presented reactions, various electrophilic F/CF3/SCF3-transfer reagents were used. The majority of the reactions were based on rhodium catalysis and the application of various oxygen nucleophiles, such as alcohols, cyclic/acyclic ethers, and carboxylic acids. The oxyfluorination reactions were further developed to provide a new fluorine-18 labeling method. Density functional theory (DFT) modeling studies were performed to get a deeper mechanistic understanding of these reactions. These DFT modeling studies indicated that the catalytic reactions proceed through formation of rhodium carbene and oxonium ylide intermediates. The oxonium ylides undergo tautomerization to enol ether type species that subsequently react with the electrophilic F/CF3/SCF3-transfer reagents. We
also present an arylation–trifluoromethylthiolation reaction for simultaneous introduction of C–SCF3 and C–C bonds into diazocarbonyl compounds. This reaction does not proceed by rhodium catalysis, but follows a Hooz-type mechanism.1 Introduction2 Diazocarbonyl Compounds: Versatile Substrates in Organic Synthesis3 Fluorination, Trifluoromethylation, and Trifluoromethylthiolation of Diazo Substrates3.1 Metal-Free Reactions3.2 Metal-Catalyzed Reactions with Nucleophilic Reagents3.3 Metal-Catalyzed Reactions with Electrophilic Reagents4 Oxyfluorination Reactions4.1 Fluorobenziodoxole as a Fluorine Source4.2 [18F]Fluorobenziodoxole as a Fluorine Source for Radiolabeling4.3 Oxyfluorination with NFSI5 Oxytrifluoromethylation6 Oxytrifluoromethylthiolation7 Arylation–Trifluoromethylthiolation Reaction8 Conclusions and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Kálmán J. Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University
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29
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Dasgupta A, Thiehoff C, Newman PD, Wirth T, Melen RL. Reactions promoted by hypervalent iodine reagents and boron Lewis acids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4852-4865. [PMID: 34019066 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00740h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of boranes in hypervalent iodine chemistry will open up new reactivities which can be utilised in organic synthesis. Due to similar reactivities, λ3-iodanes have presented themselves as viable alternatives for many transformations dominated by transition metals whilst mitigating some of the associated drawbacks of metal systems. As showcased by recent reports, boranes can adopt a dual role in hypervalent iodine chemistry that surpasses mere activation of the hypervalent iodine reagent. Increased efforts to harness this potential with diverse boranes will uncover exciting reactivity with high applicability across various disciplines including adoption in the pharmaceutical sciences. This review will be relevant to the wider synthetic community including organic, inorganic, materials, and medicinal chemists due to the versatility of hypervalent iodine chemistry especially in combination with borane activation or participation. We aim to highlight the development of hypervalent iodine compounds including their structure, bonding, synthesis and utility in metal-free organic synthesis in combination with Lewis acidic boranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Dasgupta
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Christian Thiehoff
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Paul D Newman
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Thomas Wirth
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
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30
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Poynder TB, Chamorro Orué AI, Tania, Sharp-Bucknall L, Flynn MT, Wilson DJD, Athukorala Arachchige KS, Clegg JK, Dutton JL. On the activation of PhICl 2 with pyridine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4970-4973. [PMID: 33881069 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01567b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been previously proposed that pyridines can activate PhICl2 by displacing a chloride and forming the [PhI(Pyr)(Cl)]+ cation as a reactive intermediate. Here we show that pyridine does not displace chloride, but rather forms a weak complex with the iodine via halogen bonding along the C-I bond axis. This interaction is interrogated by NMR, structural, charge density, and theoretical investigations, which all indicate that pyridine does not activate PhICl2 as proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany B Poynder
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Analia I Chamorro Orué
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Tania
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Lachlan Sharp-Bucknall
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Matthew T Flynn
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - David J D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | | | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
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31
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Day DP, Vargas JAM, Burtoloso ACB. Synthetic Routes Towards the Synthesis of Geminal α-Difunctionalized Ketones. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2837-2854. [PMID: 33533538 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The importance of gem-difunctionalized ketones is represented by their broad applications across chemical boundaries over recent years. The interesting reactivities that this class of compounds possess have made them ideal building blocks to access high-value organic molecules. Furthermore, the gem-difunctionalized ketone moiety has featured in numerous bioactive molecules. For these reasons, a plethora of routes to access such significant molecules have been developed by research groups worldwide - this account looks at delineating the synthesis of gem-difunctionalized ketones from carbonyl substrates, diazo compounds, sulfur ylides and alkynyl reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Day
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Jorge A M Vargas
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.,Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Calle 5 # 62-00 Campus Pampalinda, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - Antonio C B Burtoloso
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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32
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Yang Z, Stivanin ML, Jurberg ID, Koenigs RM. Visible light-promoted reactions with diazo compounds: a mild and practical strategy towards free carbene intermediates. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6833-6847. [PMID: 32856627 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00224k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbenes are important intermediates in organic chemistry and have been widely applied in various types of organic reactions, ranging from cycloaddition reactions and sigmatropic rearrangements to C-H functionalizations, thus allowing the rapid construction of densely functionalized molecules. Over the past decades, remarkable progress has been achieved in metal-catalyzed carbene transfer reactions. Nevertheless, realizing these transformations under milder and/or greener conditions is still highly desirable. Only recently, visible light-promoted carbene transfer reactions of diazo compounds via free carbene intermediates have emerged as a practical, mild and powerful tool. In this tutorial review, we summarize the latest advances in the area, aiming at providing a clear overview on reaction design, mechanistic scenarios and potential future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Mateus L Stivanin
- State University of Campinas, Institute of Chemistry, Rua Monteiro Lobato 270, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Igor D Jurberg
- State University of Campinas, Institute of Chemistry, Rua Monteiro Lobato 270, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
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33
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Han Z, Zhang C. Fluorination and Fluoroalkylation Reactions Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou‐Zhou Han
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology 205 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng‐Pan Zhang
- School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life Science Wuhan University of Technology 205 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
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34
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Pisella G, Gagnebin A, Waser J. Three-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Propargyl Ethers. Chemistry 2020; 26:10199-10204. [PMID: 32187739 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions provide efficient means to access molecular complexity. Herein, we report a copper-catalyzed three-component reaction of diazo compounds, alcohols and ethynyl benziodoxole (EBX) reagents for the synthesis of propargyl ethers. Extensive variations of the three partners of the reaction is possible, leading to highly functionalized and structurally diverse products under mild conditions. Alkynylation of a copper ylide intermediate is postulated as key step for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Pisella
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alec Gagnebin
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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35
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Zhao R, Shi L. Reactions between Diazo Compounds and Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12282-12292. [PMID: 32424900 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective "cut and sew" transformations employing diazo compounds and hypervalent iodine(III) compounds involve the departure of leaving groups, a "cut" process, followed by a reorganization of the fragments by bond formation, a "sew" process. Bearing controllable cleavage sites, diazo compounds and hypervalent iodine(III) compounds play a critical role as versatile reagents in a wide range of organic transformations because their excellent nucleofugality allows for a large number of unusual reactions to occur. In recent years, the combination of diazo compounds and hypervalent iodine(III) reagents has emerged as a promising tool for developing new and valuable approaches, and has met considerable success. In this Minireview, this combination is systematically illustrated with recent advances in the field, with the aim of elaborating the synthetic utility and potential of this concept as a powerful strategy in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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36
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Chai J, Ding W, Wu J, Yoshikai N. Fluorobenziodoxole−BF
3
Reagent for Iodo(III)etherification of Alkynes in Ethereal Solvent. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2166-2169. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkui Chai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
- College of ChemistryHenan Institute of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P.R. China
| | - Wei Ding
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Junliang Wu
- College of ChemistryHenan Institute of Advanced TechnologyZhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P.R. China
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
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37
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Zhao R, Shi L. Reactions between Diazo Compounds and Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Pisella
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alec Gagnebin
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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39
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He F, Pei C, Koenigs RM. Photochemical fluoro-amino etherification reactions of aryldiazoacetates with NFSI under stoichiometric conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:599-602. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08888a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A photochemical three-component reaction is reported that allows the introduction of fluorine and a short polyether side chain in high efficiency under metal-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei He
- RWTH Aachen University
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Chao Pei
- RWTH Aachen University
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Rene M. Koenigs
- RWTH Aachen University
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
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40
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Norseeda K, Chaisan N, Thongsornkleeb C, Tummatorn J, Ruchirawat S. Metal-Free Synthesis of 4-Chloroisocoumarins by TMSCl-Catalyzed NCS-Induced Chlorinative Annulation of 2-Alkynylaryloate Esters. J Org Chem 2019; 84:16222-16236. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krissada Norseeda
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Nattawadee Chaisan
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Charnsak Thongsornkleeb
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Jumreang Tummatorn
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
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41
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Zhao Z, Ma KCY, Legault CY, Murphy GK. Denitrogenative Hydrotrifluoromethylation of Benzaldehyde Hydrazones: Synthesis of (2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl)arenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:11240-11245. [PMID: 31276254 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reacting hydrazones of arylaldehydes with Togni's CF3 -benziodoxolone reagent, in the presence of potassium hydroxide and cesium fluoride, induces a denitrogenative hydrotrifluoromethylation event to produce (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)arenes. This novel reaction was tolerant to many electronically-diverse functional groups and substitution patterns, as well as naphthyl- and heteroaryl-derived substrates. Advantages of this process include the easy access to hydrazone precursors on a large scale, speed and operational simplicity, and being transition metal-free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Kevin C Y Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Claude Y Legault
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K2R1, Canada
| | - Graham K Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, N2L3G1, Canada
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42
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Hari DP, Schouwey L, Barber V, Scopelliti R, Fadaei‐Tirani F, Waser J. Ethynylbenziodazolones (EBZ) as Electrophilic Alkynylation Reagents for the Highly Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Oxyalkynylation of Diazo Compounds. Chemistry 2019; 25:9522-9528. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Durga Prasad Hari
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic SynthesisEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Lionel Schouwey
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic SynthesisEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Verity Barber
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic SynthesisEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC GE, BCH 2111 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei‐Tirani
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC GE, BCH 2111 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic SynthesisEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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43
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Li J, Ma C, Xing D, Hu W. Catalyst-Free gem-Difunctionalization of Fluoroalkyl-Substituted Diazo Compound with Diselenide or Disulfide and NFSI. Org Lett 2019; 21:2101-2105. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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44
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San HH, Wang CY, Zeng HP, Fu ST, Jiang M, Tang XY. Boron-Catalyzed Azide Insertion of α-Aryl α-Diazoesters. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4478-4485. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet San
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Peng Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Tao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Ying Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
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45
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Dong K, Pei C, Zeng Q, Qiu L, Hu W, Qian Y, Xu X. Copper-catalyzed [4+1]-annulation of 2-alkenylindoles with diazoacetates: a facile access to dihydrocyclopenta[b]indoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6393-6396. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02257k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed [4+1]-annulation of 2-vinylindoles with diazoacetates: a facile access to the dihydrocyclopenta[b]indoles bearing two contiguous all-carbon quaternary centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiyong Dong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Chao Pei
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Qian Zeng
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yu Qian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
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46
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Zhao Z, To AJ, Murphy GK. Difluorinative ring expansions of benzo-fused carbocycles and heterocycles are achieved withp-(difluoroiodo)toluene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14821-14824. [PMID: 31763650 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08310c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorination of exocyclic alkenes and allenes withp-TolIF2gives ring-expanded β,β-difluoridesviaa 1,2-phenyl shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
| | - Avery J. To
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- Canada
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47
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Kitamura T, Yoshida K, Mizuno S, Miyake A, Oyamada J. Difluorination of Functionalized Aromatic Olefins Using Hypervalent Iodine/HF Reagents. J Org Chem 2018; 83:14853-14860. [PMID: 30336031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The hypervalent iodine/HF reagent consisting of PhIO and HF·py was found to be effective for fluorination of functionalized aromatic olefins bearing synthetically important carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Fluorination of 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one with PhIO/HF·py reagent in CH2Cl2 at room temperature gave 3,3-difluoro-1,2-diphenyl-1-propanone in high yield. Other α-aryl-α,β-unsaturated ketones underwent the fluorination to yield aryl 2,2-difluoroethyl ketone derivatives in good to high yields. Catalytic fluorination of α-aryl-α,β-unsaturated ketones using a p-TolI/HF·py/mCPBA reagent system also worked well. Moreover, the fluorination of cinnamyl alcohol derivatives by PhIO/HF·py reagent proceeded smoothly to afford 2-aryl-3,3-difluoro-1-propanols in moderate yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugio Kitamura
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry , Saga University , 1 Honjo-machi , Saga 840-8502 , Japan
| | - Kento Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry , Saga University , 1 Honjo-machi , Saga 840-8502 , Japan
| | - Shota Mizuno
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry , Saga University , 1 Honjo-machi , Saga 840-8502 , Japan
| | - Azusa Miyake
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry , Saga University , 1 Honjo-machi , Saga 840-8502 , Japan
| | - Juzo Oyamada
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry , Saga University , 1 Honjo-machi , Saga 840-8502 , Japan
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48
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Zhou B, Haj MK, Jacobsen EN, Houk KN, Xue XS. Mechanism and Origins of Chemo- and Stereoselectivities of Aryl Iodide-Catalyzed Asymmetric Difluorinations of β-Substituted Styrenes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15206-15218. [PMID: 30350956 PMCID: PMC6261351 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the aryl iodide-catalyzed asymmetric migratory geminal difluorination of β-substituted styrenes ( Banik et al. Science 2016, 353, 51 ) has been explored with density functional theory computations. The computed mechanism consists of (a) activation of iodoarene difluoride (ArIF2), (b) enantiodetermining 1,2-fluoroiodination, (c) bridging phenonium ion formation via SN2 reductive displacement, and (d) regioselective fluoride addition. According to the computational model, the ArIF2 intermediate is stabilized through halogen-π interactions between the electron-deficient iodine(III) center and the benzylic substituents at the catalyst stereogenic centers. Interactions with the catalyst ester carbonyl groups (I(III)+···O) are not observed in the unactivated complex, but do occur upon activation of ArIF2 through hydrogen-bonding interactions with external Brønsted acid (HF). The 1,2-fluoroiodination occurs via alkene complexation to the electrophilic, cationic I(III) center followed by C-F bond formation anti to the forming C-I bond. The bound olefin and the C-I bond of catalyst adopt a spiro arrangement in the favored transition structures but a nearly periplanar arrangement in the disfavored transition structures. Multiple attractive non-covalent interactions, including slipped π···π stacking, C-H···O, and C-H···π interactions, are found to underlie the high asymmetric induction. The chemoselectivity for 1,1-difluorination versus 1,2-difluorination is controlled mainly by (1) the steric effect of the substituent on the olefinic double bond and (2) the nucleophilicity of the carbonyl oxygen of substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Moriana K Haj
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Eric N Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Xiao-Song Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
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49
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Guo J, Xu X, Xing Q, Gao Z, Gou J, Yu B. Furfuryl Cation Induced Cascade Formal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition/Double Ring-Opening/Chlorination: An Approach to Chlorine-Containing Complex Triazoles. Org Lett 2018; 20:7410-7414. [PMID: 30412412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A TiCl4-promoted cascade formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition/double ring-opening/chlorination of 2-furylcyclobutanols with alkyl or aryl azides is described. This highly efficient transformation involves the formation/cleavage of several C-N, C-Cl, C-C, and C-O bonds in a single operation. It enables the quick construction of trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles with an ( E)-enone moiety and a 3-chloropropyl unit. The chlorinated products are readily transformed into other structurally diverse analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Qingzhao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Jing Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
| | - Binxun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , China
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50
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Fan X, Wang Q, Wei Y, Shi M. Catalyst-free geminal aminofluorination of ortho-sulfonamide-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes via a Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10503-10506. [PMID: 30160273 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05634j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalyst-free intramolecular geminal aminofluorination of ortho-sulfonamide-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes has been developed. The reaction proceeded through two SET processes with Selectfluor to give a fluorinated cyclopropylcarbinyl cation and a further Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement to generate a cyclobutyl carbocation, which undergoes intramolecular nucleophilic capture by amide to forge fluorinated cyclobuta[b]indoline derivatives. A polycyclic multi-fluorinated byproduct was also formed through a Ritter-type reaction in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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