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Li Y, Li Y, Guo Y, Chen C, Yang L, Jiang Q, Ling P, Wang S, Li L, Fang J. Enzymatic modular synthesis of asymmetrically branched human milk oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121908. [PMID: 38494200 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are intricate glycans that promote healthy growth of infants and have been incorporated into infant formula as food additives. Despite their importance, the limited availability of asymmetrically branched HMOs hinders the exploration of their structure and function relationships. Herein, we report an enzymatic modular strategy for the efficient synthesis of these HMOs. The key branching enzyme for the assembly of branched HMOs, human β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 (GCNT2), was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris for the first time. Then, it was integrated with six other bacterial glycosyltransferases to establish seven glycosylation modules. Each module comprises a one-pot multi-enzyme (OPME) system for in-situ generation of costly sugar nucleotide donors, combined with a glycosyltransferase for specific glycosylation. This approach enabled the synthesis of 31 branched HMOs and 13 linear HMOs in a stepwise manner with well-programmed synthetic routes. The binding details of these HMOs with related glycan-binding proteins were subsequently elucidated using glycan microarray assays to provide insights into their biological functions. This comprehensive collection of synthetic HMOs not only serves as standards for HMOs structure identification in complex biological samples but also significantly enhances the fields of HMOs glycomics, opening new avenues for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinshuang Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yi Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Yuxi Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States of America
| | - Congcong Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Lin Yang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Peixue Ling
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States of America.
| | - Junqiang Fang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of carbohydrate chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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2
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Hu ZF, Zhong K, Cao H. Recent advances in enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of N- and O-glycans. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 78:102417. [PMID: 38141531 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins, which plays essential roles in regulating the biological functions of proteins. Efficient and versatile methods for the synthesis of homogeneous and well-defined N- and O-glycans remain an urgent need for biological studies and biomedical applications. Despite their structural complexity, tremendous progress has been made in the synthesis of N- and O-glycans in recent years. This review discusses some recent advances in the enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of N- and O-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Kan Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
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3
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Liu CC, Ye J, Cao H. Chemical Evolution of Enzyme-Catalyzed Glycosylation. Acc Chem Res 2024. [PMID: 38286791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe limited availability of structurally well-defined diverse glycans remains a major obstacle for deciphering biological functions as well as biomedical applications of carbohydrates. Despite tremendous progress that has been made in past decades, the synthesis of structurally well-defined complex glycans still represents one of the most challenging topics in synthetic chemistry. Chemical synthesis of glycans is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process that requires elaborate planning and skilled personnel. In contrast, glycosyltransferase-catalyzed enzymatic synthesis provides a more efficient, convenient, low-cost, and sustainable alternative to affording diverse and complex glycans. However, the existing methods are still insufficient to fulfill the increasing demand for specific synthetic glycan libraries necessary for functional glycomics research. This is mainly attributed to the inherent character of the glycan biosynthetic pathway. In nature, there are too many glycosyltransferases involved in the in vivo glycan synthesis, but only a small number of them are available for in vitro enzymatic synthesis. For instance, humans have over 200 glycosyltransferases, but only a few of them could be produced from the conventional bacterial expression system, and most of these membrane-associated enzymes could be overexpressed only in eukaryotic cells. Moreover, the glycan biosynthetic pathway is a nontemplate-driven process, which eventually ends up with heterogeneous glycan product mixtures. Therefore, it is not a practical solution for the in vitro enzymatic synthesis of complex glycans by simply copying the glycan biosynthetic pathway.In the past decade, we have tried to develop a simplified and transformable approach to the enzymatic modular assembly of a human glycan library. Despite the structural complexity of human glycans, the glycoinformatic analysis based on the known glycan structure database and the human glycosyltransferase database indicates that there are approximately 56 disaccharide patterns present in the human glycome and only 16 disaccharide linkages are required to account for over 80% of the total disaccharide fragments, while 35 disaccharide linkages are sufficient to cover over 95% of all disaccharide fragments of human glycome. Regardless of the substrate specificity, if one glycosyltransferase could be used for the synthesis of all of the same glycosidic linkages in human glycome, it will require only a few dozen glycosyltransferases for the assembly of entire human glycans. According to the glycobioinformatics analysis results, we rationally designed about two dozen enzyme modules for the synthesis of over 20 common glycosidic linkages in human glycome, in which each enzyme module contains a glycosyltransferase and a group of enzymes for the in situ generation of a nucleotide-activated sugar donor. By sequential glycosylation using orchestrated enzyme modules, we have completed the synthesis of over 200 structurally well-defined complex human glycans including blood group antigens, O-mannosyl glycans, human milk oligosaccharides, and others. To overcome the product microheterogeneity problem of enzymatic synthesis in the nontemplate-driven glycan biosynthetic pathway, we developed several substrate engineering strategies to control or manipulate the outcome of glycosyltransferase-catalyzed reactions for the precise synthesis of structurally well-defined isomeric complex glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Cheng Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinfeng Ye
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
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4
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Kofsky JM, Babulic JL, Boddington ME, De León González FV, Capicciotti CJ. Glycosyltransferases as versatile tools to study the biology of glycans. Glycobiology 2023; 33:888-910. [PMID: 37956415 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
All cells are decorated with complex carbohydrate structures called glycans that serve as ligands for glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) to mediate a wide range of biological processes. Understanding the specific functions of glycans is key to advancing an understanding of human health and disease. However, the lack of convenient and accessible tools to study glycan-based interactions has been a defining challenge in glycobiology. Thus, the development of chemical and biochemical strategies to address these limitations has been a rapidly growing area of research. In this review, we describe the use of glycosyltransferases (GTs) as versatile tools to facilitate a greater understanding of the biological roles of glycans. We highlight key examples of how GTs have streamlined the preparation of well-defined complex glycan structures through chemoenzymatic synthesis, with an emphasis on synthetic strategies allowing for site- and branch-specific display of glyco-epitopes. We also describe how GTs have facilitated expansion of glyco-engineering strategies, on both glycoproteins and cell surfaces. Coupled with advancements in bioorthogonal chemistry, GTs have enabled selective glyco-epitope editing of glycoproteins and cells, selective glycan subclass labeling, and the introduction of novel biomolecule functionalities onto cells, including defined oligosaccharides, antibodies, and other proteins. Collectively, these approaches have contributed great insight into the fundamental biological roles of glycans and are enabling their application in drug development and cellular therapies, leaving the field poised for rapid expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Kofsky
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jonathan L Babulic
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Marie E Boddington
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | | | - Chantelle J Capicciotti
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, 76 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
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5
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Jaiswal M, Zhou M, Guo J, Tran TT, Kundu S, Jaufer AM, Fanucci GE, Guo Z. Different Biophysical Properties of Cell Surface α2,3- and α2,6-Sialoglycans Revealed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Studies. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1749-1757. [PMID: 36808907 PMCID: PMC10116567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c09048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Sialoglycans on HeLa cells were labeled with a nitroxide spin radical through enzymatic glycoengineering (EGE)-mediated installation of azide-modified sialic acid (Neu5Ac9N3) and then click reaction-based attachment of a nitroxide spin radical. α2,6-Sialyltransferase (ST) Pd2,6ST and α2,3-ST CSTII were used for EGE to install α2,6- and α2,3-linked Neu5Ac9N3, respectively. The spin-labeled cells were analyzed by X-band continuous wave (CW) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to gain insights into the dynamics and organizations of cell surface α2,6- and α2,3-sialoglycans. Simulations of the EPR spectra revealed average fast- and intermediate-motion components for the spin radicals in both sialoglycans. However, α2,6- and α2,3-sialoglycans in HeLa cells possess different distributions of the two components, e.g., a higher average population of the intermediate-motion component for α2,6-sialoglycans (78%) than that for α2,3-sialoglycans (53%). Thus, the average mobility of spin radicals in α2,3-sialoglycans was higher than that in α2,6-sialoglycans. Given the fact that a spin-labeled sialic acid residue attached to the 6-O-position of galactose/N-acetyl-galactosamine would experience less steric hindrance and show more flexibility than that attached to the 3-O-position, these results may reflect the differences in local crowding/packing that restrict the spin-label and sialic acid motion for α2,6-linked sialoglycans. The studies further suggest that Pd2,6ST and CSTII may have different preferences for glycan substrates in the complex environment of the extracellular matrix. The discoveries of this work are biologically important as they are useful for interpreting the different functions of α2,6- and α2,3-sialoglycans and indicate the possibility of using Pd2,6ST and CSTII to target different glycoconjugates on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Mingwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jiatong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Trang T Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Sayan Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Afnan M Jaufer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Gail E Fanucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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6
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Mahmoud A, Toth I, Stephenson R. Developing an Effective Glycan‐Based Vaccine for
Streptococcus Pyogenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Mahmoud
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Woolloongabba Australia
- School of Pharmacy The Universitry of Queensland St Lucia Australia
- Institue for Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Australia
| | - Rachel Stephenson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Australia
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7
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Mahmoud A, Toth I, Stephenson R. Developing an Effective Glycan-based Vaccine for Streptococcus Pyogenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115342. [PMID: 34935243 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes is a primary infective agent that causes approximately 700 million human infections each year, resulting in more than 500,000 deaths. Carbohydrate-based vaccines are proven to be one of the most promising subunit vaccine candidates, as the bacterial glycan pattern(s) are different from mammalian cells and show increased pathogen serotype conservancy than the protein components. In this review we highlight reverse vaccinology for use in the development of subunit vaccines against S. pyogenes, and report reproducible methods of carbohydrate antigen production, in addition to the structure-immunogenicity correlation between group A carbohydrate epitopes and alternative vaccine antigen carrier systems. We also report recent advances used to overcome hurdles in carbohydrate-based vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Mahmoud
- The University of Queensland - Saint Lucia Campus: The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, AUSTRALIA
| | - Istvan Toth
- The University of Queensland - Saint Lucia Campus: The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, AUSTRALIA
| | - Rachel Stephenson
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, 4068, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA
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8
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Hartweg M, Jiang Y, Yilmaz G, Jarvis CM, Nguyen HVT, Primo GA, Monaco A, Beyer VP, Chen KK, Mohapatra S, Axelrod S, Gómez-Bombarelli R, Kiessling LL, Becer CR, Johnson JA. Synthetic Glycomacromolecules of Defined Valency, Absolute Configuration, and Topology Distinguish between Human Lectins. JACS AU 2021; 1:1621-1630. [PMID: 34723265 PMCID: PMC8549053 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins) play vital roles in cell recognition and signaling, including pathogen binding and innate immunity. Thus, targeting lectins, especially those on the surface of immune cells, could advance immunology and drug discovery. Lectins are typically oligomeric; therefore, many of the most potent ligands are multivalent. An effective strategy for lectin targeting is to display multiple copies of a single glycan epitope on a polymer backbone; however, a drawback to such multivalent ligands is they cannot distinguish between lectins that share monosaccharide binding selectivity (e.g., mannose-binding lectins) as they often lack molecular precision. Here, we describe the development of an iterative exponential growth (IEG) synthetic strategy that enables facile access to synthetic glycomacromolecules with precisely defined and tunable sizes up to 22.5 kDa, compositions, topologies, and absolute configurations. Twelve discrete mannosylated "glyco-IEGmers" are synthesized and screened for binding to a panel of mannoside-binding immune lectins (DC-SIGN, DC-SIGNR, MBL, SP-D, langerin, dectin-2, mincle, and DEC-205). In many cases, the glyco-IEGmers had distinct length, stereochemistry, and topology-dependent lectin-binding preferences. To understand these differences, we used molecular dynamics and density functional theory simulations of octameric glyco-IEGmers, which revealed dramatic effects of glyco-IEGmer stereochemistry and topology on solution structure and reveal an interplay between conformational diversity and chiral recognition in selective lectin binding. Ligand function also could be controlled by chemical substitution: by tuning the side chains of glyco-IEGmers that bind DC-SIGN, we could alter their cellular trafficking through alteration of their aggregation state. These results highlight the power of precision synthetic oligomer/polymer synthesis for selective biological targeting, motivating the development of next-generation glycomacromolecules tailored for specific immunological or other therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hartweg
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yivan Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gokhan Yilmaz
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Cassie M. Jarvis
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hung V.-T. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gastón A. Primo
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra Monaco
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Valentin P. Beyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Kathleen K. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Somesh Mohapatra
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Simon Axelrod
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Laura L. Kiessling
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - C. Remzi Becer
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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9
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Abstract
The surface of every eukaryotic cell is coated in a dense layer of structurally diverse glycans that together comprise the glycocalyx, a key interface between intracellular biochemistry and the external environment. Many of the glycans within the glycocalyx terminate in anionic monosaccharides belonging to the sialic acid family. Advances in our understanding of the biological processes mediated by sialic acids at the interfaces between cells have catalyzed interest in metabolic, enzymatic, and chemical strategies to edit the total complement of cellular sialic acids-the sialome. Here, we review strategies for altering the composition of the sialome with particular focus on glycan structures and state-of-the-art tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon J. Edgar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8
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10
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Karimi Alavijeh M, Meyer AS, Gras SL, Kentish SE. Synthesis of N-Acetyllactosamine and N-Acetyllactosamine-Based Bioactives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7501-7525. [PMID: 34152750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) or more specifically β-d-galactopyranosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine is a unique acyl-amino sugar and a key structural unit in human milk oligosaccharides, an antigen component of many glycoproteins, and an antiviral active component for the development of effective drugs against viruses. LacNAc is useful itself and as a basic building block for producing various bioactive oligosaccharides, notably because this synthesis may be used to add value to dairy lactose. Despite a significant amount of information in the literature on the benefits, structures, and types of different LacNAc-derived oligosaccharides, knowledge about their effective synthesis for large-scale production is still in its infancy. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of existing production strategies for LacNAc and important LacNAc-based structures, including sialylated LacNAc as well as poly- and oligo-LacNAc. We conclude that direct extraction from milk is too complex, while chemical synthesis is also impractical at an industrial scale. Microbial routes have application when multiple step reactions are needed, but the major route to large-scale biochemical production will likely lie with enzymatic routes, particularly those using β-galactosidases (for LacNAc synthesis), sialidases (for sialylated LacNAc synthesis), and β-N-acetylhexosaminidases (for oligo-LacNAc synthesis). Glycosyltransferases, especially for the biosynthesis of extended complex LacNAc structures, could also play a major role in the future. In these cases, immobilization of the enzyme can increase stability and reduce cost. Processing parameters, such as substrate concentration and purity, acceptor/donor ratio, water activity, and temperature, can affect product selectivity and yield. More work is needed to optimize these reaction parameters and in the development of robust, thermally stable enzymes to facilitate commercial production of these important bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Karimi Alavijeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - A S Meyer
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology Division, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - S L Gras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - S E Kentish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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11
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Hu Z, Benkoulouche M, Barel LA, Le Heiget G, Ben Imeddourene A, Le Guen Y, Monties N, Guerreiro C, Remaud-Siméon M, Moulis C, André I, Mulard LA. Convergent Chemoenzymatic Strategy to Deliver a Diversity of Shigella flexneri Serotype-Specific O-Antigen Segments from a Unique Lightly Protected Tetrasaccharide Core. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2058-2075. [PMID: 32700907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Progress in glycoscience is strongly dependent on the availability of broadly diverse tailor-made, well-defined, and often complex oligosaccharides. Herein, going beyond natural resources and aiming to circumvent chemical boundaries in glycochemistry, we tackle the development of an in vitro chemoenzymatic strategy holding great potential to answer the need for molecular diversity characterizing microbial cell-surface carbohydrates. The concept is exemplified in the context of Shigella flexneri, a major cause of diarrhoeal disease. Aiming at a broad serotype coverage S. flexneri glycoconjugate vaccine, a non-natural lightly protected tetrasaccharide was designed for compatibility with (i) serotype-specific glucosylations and O-acetylations defining S. flexneri O-antigens, (ii) recognition by suitable α-transglucosylases, and (iii) programmed oligomerization following enzymatic α-d-glucosylation. The tetrasaccharide core was chemically synthesized from two crystalline monosaccharide precursors. Six α-transglucosylases found in the glycoside hydrolase family 70 were shown to transfer glucosyl residues on the non-natural acceptor. The successful proof of concept is achieved for a pentasaccharide featuring the glucosylation pattern from the S. flexneri type IV O-antigen. It demonstrates the potential of appropriately planned chemoenzymatic pathways involving non-natural acceptors and low-cost donor/transglucosylase systems to achieve the demanding regioselective α-d-glucosylation of large substrates, paving the way to microbial oligosaccharides of vaccinal interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Hu
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Mounir Benkoulouche
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Louis-Antoine Barel
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Le Heiget
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 93430 Paris, France
| | - Akli Ben Imeddourene
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Yann Le Guen
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Nelly Monties
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Catherine Guerreiro
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Magali Remaud-Siméon
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Claire Moulis
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Isabelle André
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France. 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Laurence A Mulard
- Unité de Chimie des Biomolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR3523 CNRS, 28 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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12
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Wang S, Chen C, Gadi MR, Saikam V, Liu D, Zhu H, Bollag R, Liu K, Chen X, Wang F, Wang PG, Ling P, Guan W, Li L. Chemoenzymatic modular assembly of O-GalNAc glycans for functional glycomics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3573. [PMID: 34117223 PMCID: PMC8196059 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GalNAc glycans (or mucin O-glycans) play pivotal roles in diverse biological and pathological processes, including tumor growth and progression. Structurally defined O-GalNAc glycans are essential for functional studies but synthetic challenges and their inherent structural diversity and complexity have limited access to these compounds. Herein, we report an efficient and robust chemoenzymatic modular assembly (CEMA) strategy to construct structurally diverse O-GalNAc glycans. The key to this strategy is the convergent assembly of O-GalNAc cores 1-4 and 6 from three chemical building blocks, followed by enzymatic diversification of the cores by 13 well-tailored enzyme modules. A total of 83 O-GalNAc glycans presenting various natural glycan epitopes are obtained and used to generate a unique synthetic mucin O-glycan microarray. Binding specificities of glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) including plant lectins and selected anti-glycan antibodies towards these O-GalNAc glycans are revealed by this microarray, promoting their applicability in functional O-glycomics. Serum samples from colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls are assayed using the array reveal higher bindings towards less common cores 3, 4, and 6 than abundant cores 1 and 2, providing insights into O-GalNAc glycan structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Wang
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Congcong Chen
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China ,grid.495839.aShandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, Jinan, 250101 Shandong China
| | - Madhusudhan Reddy Gadi
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Varma Saikam
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Ding Liu
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - He Zhu
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Roni Bollag
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Xi Chen
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Fengshan Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Peng George Wang
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA ,grid.263817.9Present Address: School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Peixue Ling
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycochemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 Shandong China ,grid.495839.aShandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Polysaccharide Drugs, Jinan, 250101 Shandong China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Wanyi Guan
- grid.256884.50000 0004 0605 1239College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024 Hebei China
| | - Lei Li
- grid.256304.60000 0004 1936 7400Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
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13
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Hong S, Yu C, Wang P, Shi Y, Cao W, Cheng B, Chapla DG, Ma Y, Li J, Rodrigues E, Narimatsu Y, Yates JR, Chen X, Clausen H, Moremen KW, Macauley MS, Paulson JC, Wu P. Glycoengineering of NK Cells with Glycan Ligands of CD22 and Selectins for B‐Cell Lymphoma Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Senlian Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Chenhua Yu
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital Key laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Weiqian Cao
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences The Fifth People's Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Bo Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Beijing University Beijing 100871 China
| | | | - Yuanhui Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Emily Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Alberta Canada
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - John R. Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Xing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Beijing University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Kelly W. Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA
| | - Matthew Scott Macauley
- Department of Chemistry University of Alberta 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Alberta Canada
| | - James C. Paulson
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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14
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Hong S, Yu C, Wang P, Shi Y, Cao W, Cheng B, Chapla DG, Ma Y, Li J, Rodrigues E, Narimatsu Y, Yates JR, Chen X, Clausen H, Moremen KW, Macauley MS, Paulson JC, Wu P. Glycoengineering of NK Cells with Glycan Ligands of CD22 and Selectins for B-Cell Lymphoma Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3603-3610. [PMID: 33314603 PMCID: PMC7980786 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CD22, a member of Siglec family of sialic acid binding proteins, has restricted expression on B cells. Antibody-based agents targeting CD22 or CD20 on B lymphoma and leukemia cells exhibit clinical efficacy for treating these malignancies, but also attack normal B cells leading to immune deficiency. Here, we report a chemoenzymatic glycocalyx editing strategy to introduce high-affinity and specific CD22 ligands onto NK-92MI and cytokine-induced natural killer cells to achieve tumor-specific CD22 targeting. These CD22-ligand modified cells exhibited significantly enhanced tumor cell binding and killing in vitro without harming healthy B cells. For effective lymphoma cell killing in vivo, we further functionalized CD22 ligand-modified NK-92MI cells with the E-selectin ligand sialyl Lewis X to promote trafficking to bone marrow. The dual-functionalized cells resulted in the efficient suppression of B lymphoma in a xenograft model. Our results suggest that natural killer cells modified with glycan ligands to CD22 and selectins promote both targeted killing of B lymphoma cells and improved trafficking to sites where the cancer cells reside, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlian Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Chenhua Yu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Weiqian Cao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, The Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Digantkumar G Chapla
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Yuanhui Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Emily Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Xing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Beijing University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kelly W Moremen
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Matthew Scott Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Alberta, Canada
| | - James C Paulson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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15
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Josenhans C, Müthing J, Elling L, Bartfeld S, Schmidt H. How bacterial pathogens of the gastrointestinal tract use the mucosal glyco-code to harness mucus and microbiota: New ways to study an ancient bag of tricks. Int J Med Microbiol 2020; 310:151392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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16
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Kooner AS, Yu H, Chen X. Synthesis of N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid (Neu5Gc) and Its Glycosides. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2004. [PMID: 31555264 PMCID: PMC6724515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids constitute a family of negatively charged structurally diverse monosaccharides that are commonly presented on the termini of glycans in higher animals and some microorganisms. In addition to N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is among the most common sialic acid forms in nature. Nevertheless, unlike most animals, human cells loss the ability to synthesize Neu5Gc although Neu5Gc-containing glycoconjugates have been found on human cancer cells and in various human tissues due to dietary incorporation of Neu5Gc. Some pathogenic bacteria also produce Neu5Ac and the corresponding glycoconjugates but Neu5Gc-producing bacteria have yet to be found. In addition to Neu5Gc, more than 20 Neu5Gc derivatives have been found in non-human vertebrates. To explore the biological roles of Neu5Gc and its naturally occurring derivatives as well as the corresponding glycans and glycoconjugates, various chemical and enzymatic synthetic methods have been developed to obtain a vast array of glycosides containing Neu5Gc and/or its derivatives. Here we provide an overview on various synthetic methods that have been developed. Among these, the application of highly efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) sialylation systems in synthesizing compounds containing Neu5Gc and derivatives has been proven as a powerful strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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17
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Wu HR, Anwar MT, Fan CY, Low PY, Angata T, Lin CC. Expedient assembly of Oligo-LacNAcs by a sugar nucleotide regeneration system: Finding the role of tandem LacNAc and sialic acid position towards siglec binding. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 180:627-636. [PMID: 31351394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sialosides containing (oligo-)N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc, Galβ(1,4)GlcNAc) as core structure are known to serve as ligands for Siglecs. However, the role of tandem inner epitope for Siglec interaction has never been reported. Herein, we report the effect of internal glycan (by length and type) on the binding affinity and describe a simple and efficient chemo-enzymatic sugar nucleotide regeneration protocol for the preparative-scale synthesis of oligo-LacNAcs by the sequential use of β1,4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT) and β1,3-N-acetylglucosyl transferase (β3GlcNAcT). Further modification of these oligo-LacNAcs was performed in one-pot enzymatic synthesis to yield sialylated and/or fucosylated analogs. A glycan library of 23 different sialosides containing various LacNAc lengths or Lac core with natural/unnatural sialylation and/or fucosylation was synthesized. These glycans were used to fabricate a glycan microarray that was utilized to screen glycan binding preferences against five different Siglecs (2, 7, 9, 14 and 15).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ru Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Instrumentation Center of Ministry of Science and Technology at National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | | | - Chen-Yo Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Penk Yeir Low
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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18
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Li PJ, Huang SY, Chiang PY, Fan CY, Guo LJ, Wu DY, Angata T, Lin CC. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of DSGb5 and Sialylated Globo-series Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11273-11278. [PMID: 31140679 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sialic-acid-binding, immunoglobulin-type lectin-7 (Siglec-7) is present on the surface of natural killer cells. Siglec-7 shows preference for disialylated glycans, including α(2,8)-α(2,3)-disialic acids or internally branched α(2,6)-NeuAc, such as disialosylglobopentaose (DSGb5). Herein, DSGb5 was synthesized by a one-pot multiple enzyme method from Gb5 by α2,3-sialylation (with PmST1) followed by α2,6-sialylation (with Psp2,6ST) in 23 % overall yield. DSGb5 was also chemoenzymatically synthesized. The protection of the nonreducing-end galactose of Gb5 as 3,4-O-acetonide, 3,4-O-benzylidene, and 4,6-O-benzylidene derivatives provided DSGb5 in overall yields of 26 %, 12 %, and 19 %, respectively. Gb3, Gb4, and Gb5 were enzymatically sialylated to afford a range of globo-glycans. Surprisingly, DSGb5 shows a low affinity for Siglec-7 in a glycan microarray binding affinity assay. Among the synthesized globo-series glycans, α6α3DSGb4 shows the highest binding affinity for Siglec-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yo Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jhen Guo
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Dung-Yeh Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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19
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Li P, Huang S, Chiang P, Fan C, Guo L, Wu D, Angata T, Lin C. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of DSGb5 and Sialylated Globo‐series Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Jhen Li
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Szu‐Yu Huang
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Pei‐Yun Chiang
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chen‐Yo Fan
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Li‐Jhen Guo
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Dung‐Yeh Wu
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological ChemistryAcademia Sinica 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Chun‐Cheng Lin
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
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20
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21
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Hong S, Shi Y, Wu NC, Grande G, Douthit L, Wang H, Zhou W, Sharpless KB, Wilson IA, Xie J, Wu P. Bacterial glycosyltransferase-mediated cell-surface chemoenzymatic glycan modification. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1799. [PMID: 30996301 PMCID: PMC6470217 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoenzymatic modification of cell-surface glycan structures has emerged as a complementary approach to metabolic oligosaccharide engineering. Here, we identify Pasteurella multocida α2-3-sialyltransferase M144D mutant, Photobacterium damsela α2-6-sialyltransferase, and Helicobacter mustelae α1-2-fucosyltransferase, as efficient tools for live-cell glycan modification. Combining these enzymes with Helicobacter pylori α1-3-fucosyltransferase, we develop a host-cell-based assay to probe glycan-mediated influenza A virus (IAV) infection including wild-type and mutant strains of H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes. At high NeuAcα2-6-Gal levels, the IAV-induced host-cell death is positively correlated with haemagglutinin (HA) binding affinity to NeuAcα2-6-Gal. Remarkably, an increment of host-cell-surface sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) exacerbates the killing by several wild-type IAV strains and a previously engineered mutant HK68-MTA. Structural alignment of HAs from HK68 and HK68-MTA suggests formation of a putative hydrogen bond between Trp222 of HA-HK68-MTA and the C-4 hydroxyl group of the α1-3-linked fucose of sLeX, which may account for the enhanced host cell killing of that mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlian Hong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas C Wu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Geramie Grande
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Lacey Douthit
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Wen Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - K Barry Sharpless
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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22
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Lu N, Ye J, Cheng J, Sasmal A, Liu CC, Yao W, Yan J, Khan N, Yi W, Varki A, Cao H. Redox-Controlled Site-Specific α2-6-Sialylation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4547-4552. [PMID: 30843692 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first bacterial α2-6-sialyltransferase cloned from Photobacterium damselae (Pd2,6ST) has been widely applied for the synthesis of various α2-6-linked sialosides. However, the extreme substrate flexibility of Pd2,6ST makes it unsuitable for site-specific α2-6-sialylation of complex substrates containing multiple galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine units. To tackle this problem, a general redox-controlled site-specific sialylation strategy using Pd2,6ST is described. This approach features site-specific enzymatic oxidation of galactose units to mask the unwanted sialylation sites and precisely controlling the site-specific α2-6-sialylation at intact galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , China
| | - Jinfeng Ye
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , China
| | - Jiansong Cheng
- College of Pharmacy , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Aniruddha Sasmal
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California , San Diego , California 92093 , United States
| | - Chang-Cheng Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , Jinan 250012 , China
| | - Wenlong Yao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , China
| | - Jun Yan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , China
| | - Naazneen Khan
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California , San Diego , California 92093 , United States
| | - Wen Yi
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Ajit Varki
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California , San Diego , California 92093 , United States
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , Jinan 250012 , China
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23
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Romanò C, Oscarson S. Synthesis of lactosamine-based building blocks on a practical scale and investigations of their assembly for the preparation of 19F-labelled LacNAc oligomers. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2265-2278. [PMID: 30724303 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03066a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous disaccharide N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc type 2, Galβ1,4GlcNAc) is often over-expressed on the surface of cancer cells where it is bound by tumour secreted galectins contributing to cancer-related processes such as metastasis, adhesion, tumour survival, and immune escape. To facilitate NMR investigations into the binding interactions between oligo-LacNAc structures and galectins, which can show both exo- and endo-binding behaviour, a library of regioselectively 19F-labelled oligo-LacNAc structures was required. Herein, the synthesis on a practical scale of various N-protected (Troc, Phth, TFAc) lactosamine donors is reported starting from commercially available lactosamine hydrochloride. Investigations into their glycosylations with lactosamine acceptors to form 19F-containing LacNAc oligomers showed that benzylated acceptors significantly improved the yields over acetylated ones, and that, gratifyingly, the almost untried N-trifluoroacetamide (NTFAc) protected donors, already containing the desired 19F-label, were found to be optimal, both considering reaction yields and purification of the glycosylation reactions. The NTFAc group of reducing end acceptors was introduced through N-amide transacylation of linker-equipped LacNAc structures. A [2 + 2] synthetic approach was optimized for the preparation of tetrasaccharide LacNAc/TFAc-dimers and also further expanded to the synthesis of hexasaccharide LacNAc/TFAc-trimer structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Romanò
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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24
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Xu Y, Fan Y, Ye J, Wang F, Nie Q, Wang L, Wang PG, Cao H, Cheng J. Successfully Engineering a Bacterial Sialyltransferase for Regioselective α2,6-sialylation. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Yueyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Ye
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Faxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Quandeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Peng George Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Jiansong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, P. R. China
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25
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2013-2014. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:353-491. [PMID: 29687922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is the eighth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2014. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly- saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:353-491, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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26
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Bojarová P, Křen V. Sugared biomaterial binding lectins: achievements and perspectives. Biomater Sci 2018; 4:1142-60. [PMID: 27075026 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00088f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lectins, a distinct group of glycan-binding proteins, play a prominent role in the immune system ranging from pathogen recognition and tuning of inflammation to cell adhesion or cellular signalling. The possibilities of their detailed study expanded along with the rapid development of biomaterials in the last decade. The immense knowledge of all aspects of glycan-lectin interactions both in vitro and in vivo may be efficiently used in bioimaging, targeted drug delivery, diagnostic and analytic biological methods. Practically applicable examples comprise photoluminescence and optical biosensors, ingenious three-dimensional carbohydrate microarrays for high-throughput screening, matrices for magnetic resonance imaging, targeted hyperthermal treatment of cancer tissues, selective inhibitors of bacterial toxins and pathogen-recognising lectin receptors, and many others. This review aims to present an up-to-date systematic overview of glycan-decorated biomaterials promising for interactions with lectins, especially those applicable in biology, biotechnology or medicine. The lectins of interest include galectin-1, -3 and -7 participating in tumour progression, bacterial lectins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA-IL), E. coli (Fim-H) and Clostridium botulinum (HA33) or DC-SIGN, receptors of macrophages and dendritic cells. The spectrum of lectin-binding biomaterials covered herein ranges from glycosylated organic structures, calixarene and fullerene cores over glycopeptides and glycoproteins, functionalised carbohydrate scaffolds of cyclodextrin or chitin to self-assembling glycopolymer clusters, gels, micelles and liposomes. Glyconanoparticles, glycan arrays, and other biomaterials with a solid core are described in detail, including inorganic matrices like hydroxyapatite or stainless steel for bioimplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bojarová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - V Křen
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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27
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Hou KL, Chiang PY, Lin CH, Li BY, Chien WT, Huang YT, Yu CC, Lin CC. Water-Soluble Sulfo-Fluorous Affinity (SOFA) Tag-Assisted Enzymatic Synthesis of Oligosaccharides. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ling Hou
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Chiang
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lin
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Ben-Yuan Li
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chien
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Chung Cheng University; 168 University Road Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ching Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Chung Cheng University; 168 University Road Min-Hsiung, Chiayi 62102 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry; National Tsing Hua University; 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
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28
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Maki Y, Mima T, Okamoto R, Izumi M, Kajihara Y. Semisynthesis of Complex-Type Biantennary Oligosaccharides Containing Lactosamine Repeating Units from a Biantennary Oligosaccharide Isolated from a Natural Source. J Org Chem 2017; 83:443-451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Maki
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takanori Mima
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Ryo Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Masayuki Izumi
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kajihara
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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29
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Liu L, Prudden AR, Bosman GP, Boons GJ. Improved isolation and characterization procedure of sialylglycopeptide from egg yolk powder. Carbohydr Res 2017; 452:122-128. [PMID: 29096185 PMCID: PMC5705003 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Sialylglycopeptide (SGP) is a complex bi-antennary N-glycan bearing a short peptide fragment that can be isolated from the yolk of hen eggs. This natural product has gained popularity as a starting material for the semi-synthesis of N-glycans. We have found that current isolation methods provide a glycopeptide contaminated with several related structures, one being a glycopeptide having a hexose directly attached to peptide backbone, most like through the hydroxyl containing side chain of the threonine moiety. Furthermore, current methods employ fresh egg yolks that need to be lyophilized and involve several tedious purification steps. Herein, we report a convenient method for the isolation of gram quantities of homogeneous SGP from commercially available egg yolk powder using solid/liquid extraction and HILIC-HPLC purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Anthony R Prudden
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Gerlof P Bosman
- Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands; Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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30
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Le Mai Hoang K, He JX, Báti G, Chan-Park MB, Liu XW. A minimalist approach to stereoselective glycosylation with unprotected donors. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1146. [PMID: 29079775 PMCID: PMC5660076 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic study of carbohydrate interactions in biological systems calls for the chemical synthesis of these complex structures. Owing to the specific stereo-configuration at each anomeric linkage and diversity in branching, significant breakthroughs in recent years have focused on either stereoselective glycosylation methods or facile assembly of glycan chains. Here, we introduce the unification approach that offers both stereoselective glycosidic bond formation and removal of protection/deprotection steps required for further elongation. Using dialkylboryl triflate as an in situ masking reagent, a wide array of glycosyl donors carrying one to three unprotected hydroxyl groups reacts with various glycosyl acceptors to furnish the desired products with good control over regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. This approach demonstrates the feasibility of straightforward access to important structural scaffolds for complex glycoconjugate synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Le Mai Hoang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jing-Xi He
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Gábor Báti
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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31
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Ting CY, Lin YW, Wu CY, Wong CH. Design of Disaccharide Modules for a Programmable One-Pot Synthesis of Building Blocks with LacNAc Repeating Units for Asymmetric N-Glycans. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yueh Ting
- Genomics Research Center; Academia Sinica; No. 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District Taipei 11529 Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Daan District Taipei 106 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Lin
- Genomics Research Center; Academia Sinica; No. 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research Center; Academia Sinica; No. 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center; Academia Sinica; No. 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang District Taipei 11529 Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Daan District Taipei 106 Taiwan
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32
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Peng W, Paulson JC. CD22 Ligands on a Natural N-Glycan Scaffold Efficiently Deliver Toxins to B-Lymphoma Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12450-12458. [PMID: 28829594 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b03208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CD22 is a sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) that is highly expressed on B-cells and B cell lymphomas, and is a validated target for antibody and nanoparticle based therapeutics. However, cell targeted therapeutics are limited by their complexity, heterogeneity, and difficulties in production. We describe here a chemically defined natural N-linked glycan scaffold that displays high affinity CD22 glycan ligands and outcompetes the natural ligand for the receptor, resulting in single molecule binding to CD22 and endocytosis into cells. Binding affinity is increased by up to 1500-fold compared to the monovalent ligand, while maintaining the selectivity for hCD22 over other Siglecs. Conjugates of these multivalent ligands with auristatin and saporin toxins are efficiently internalized via hCD22 resulting in killing of B-cell lymphoma cells. This single molecule ligand targeting strategy represents an alternative to antibody- and nanoparticle-mediated approaches for delivery of agents to cells expressing CD22 and other Siglecs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Peng
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - James C Paulson
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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33
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The 150-Loop Restricts the Host Specificity of Human H10N8 Influenza Virus. Cell Rep 2017; 19:235-245. [PMID: 28402848 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of influenza A viruses to new hosts are rare events but are the basis for emergence of new influenza pandemics in the human population. Thus, understanding the processes involved in such events is critical for anticipating potential pandemic threats. In 2013, the first case of human infection by an avian H10N8 virus was reported, yet the H10 hemagglutinin (HA) maintains avian receptor specificity. However, the 150-loop of H10 HA, as well as related H7 and H15 subtypes, contains a two-residue insert that can potentially block human receptor binding. Mutation of the 150-loop on the background of Q226L and G228S mutations, which arose in the receptor-binding site of human pandemic H2 and H3 viruses, resulted in acquisition of human-type receptor specificity. Crystal structures of H10 HA mutants with human and avian receptor analogs, receptor-binding studies, and tissue staining experiments illustrate the important role of the 150-loop in H10 receptor specificity.
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34
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McArthur JB, Yu H, Zeng J, Chen X. Converting Pasteurella multocidaα2-3-sialyltransferase 1 (PmST1) to a regioselective α2-6-sialyltransferase by saturation mutagenesis and regioselective screening. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:1700-1709. [PMID: 28134951 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02702d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A microtiter plate-based screening assay capable of determining the activity and regioselectivity of sialyltransferases was developed. This assay was used to screen two single-site saturation libraries of Pasteurella multocidaα2-3-sialyltransferase 1 (PmST1) for α2-6-sialyltransferase activity and total sialyltransferase activity. PmST1 double mutant P34H/M144L was found to be the most effective α2-6-sialyltransferase and displayed 50% reduced donor hydrolysis and 50-fold reduced sialidase activity compared to the wild-type PmST1. It retained the donor substrate promiscuity of the wild-type enzyme and was used in an efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) system to selectively catalyze the sialylation of the terminal galactose residue in a multigalactose-containing tetrasaccharide lacto-N-neotetraoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B McArthur
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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35
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Hahm HS, Broecker F, Kawasaki F, Mietzsch M, Heilbronn R, Fukuda M, Seeberger PH. Automated Glycan Assembly of Oligo-N-Acetyllactosamine and Keratan Sulfate Probes to Study Virus-Glycan Interactions. Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Wu Z, Liu Y, Ma C, Li L, Bai J, Byrd-Leotis L, Lasanajak Y, Guo Y, Wen L, Zhu H, Song J, Li Y, Steinhauer DA, Smith DF, Zhao B, Chen X, Guan W, Wang PG. Identification of the binding roles of terminal and internal glycan epitopes using enzymatically synthesized N-glycans containing tandem epitopes. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:11106-11116. [PMID: 27752690 PMCID: PMC5951163 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01982j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycans play diverse roles in a wide range of biological processes. Research on glycan-binding events is essential for learning their biological and pathological functions. However, the functions of terminal and internal glycan epitopes exhibited during binding with glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) and/or viruses need to be further identified. Therefore, a focused library of 36 biantennary asparagine (Asn)-linked glycans with some presenting tandem glycan epitopes was synthesized via a combined Core Isolation/Enzymatic Extension (CIEE) and one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthetic strategy. These N-glycans include those containing a terminal sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), sialyl Lewis x (sLex) and Siaα2-8-Siaα2-3/6-R structures with N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) sialic acid form, LacNAc, Lewis x (Lex), α-Gal, and Galα1-3-Lex; and tandem epitopes including α-Gal, Lex, Galα1-3-Lex, LacNAc, and sialyl LacNAc, presented with an internal sialyl LacNAc or 1-2 repeats of an internal LacNAc or Lex component. They were synthesized in milligram-scale, purified to over 98% purity, and used to prepare a glycan microarray. Binding studies using selected plant lectins, antibodies, and viruses demonstrated, for the first time, that when interpreting the binding between glycans and GBPs/viruses, not only the structure of the terminal glycan epitopes, but also the internal epitopes and/or modifications of terminal epitopes needs to be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Lauren Byrd-Leotis
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- Department of Biochemistry and Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yuxi Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Liuqing Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - David A Steinhauer
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David F Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Baohua Zhao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Wanyi Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA. and College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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37
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Exploring human glycosylation for better therapies. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 51:125-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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38
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Krasnova L, Wong CH. Understanding the Chemistry and Biology of Glycosylation with Glycan Synthesis. Annu Rev Biochem 2016; 85:599-630. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060614-034420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Krasnova
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037;
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037;
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, 115
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39
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Li Y, Xue M, Sheng X, Yu H, Zeng J, Thon V, Chen Y, Muthana MM, Wang PG, Chen X. Donor substrate promiscuity of bacterial β1-3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and acceptor substrate flexibility of β1-4-galactosyltransferases. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1696-705. [PMID: 26968649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β1-3-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases (β3GlcNAcTs) and β1-4-galactosyltransferases (β4GalTs) have been broadly used in enzymatic synthesis of N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc)-containing oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates including poly-LacNAc, and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) found in the milk of human and other mammals. In order to explore oligosaccharides and derivatives that can be synthesized by the combination of β3GlcNAcTs and β4GalTs, donor substrate specificity studies of two bacterial β3GlcNAcTs from Helicobacter pylori (Hpβ3GlcNAcT) and Neisseria meningitidis (NmLgtA), respectively, using a library of 39 sugar nucleotides were carried out. The two β3GlcNAcTs have complementary donor substrate promiscuity and 13 different trisaccharides were produced. They were used to investigate the acceptor substrate specificities of three β4GalTs from Neisseria meningitidis (NmLgtB), Helicobacter pylori (Hpβ4GalT), and bovine (Bβ4GalT), respectively. Ten of the 13 trisaccharides were shown to be tolerable acceptors for at least one of these β4GalTs. The application of NmLgtA in one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of two trisaccharides including GalNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcβProN3 and Galβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc was demonstrated. The study provides important information for using these glycosyltransferases as powerful catalysts in enzymatic and chemoenzymatic syntheses of oligosaccharides and derivatives which can be useful probes and reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mengyang Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Xue Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Vireak Thon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Musleh M Muthana
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Peng G Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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40
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Nakamura S, Horie M, Daidoji T, Honda T, Yasugi M, Kuno A, Komori T, Okuzaki D, Narimatsu H, Nakaya T, Tomonaga K. Influenza A Virus-Induced Expression of a GalNAc Transferase, GALNT3, via MicroRNAs Is Required for Enhanced Viral Replication. J Virol 2016; 90:1788-801. [PMID: 26637460 PMCID: PMC4734006 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02246-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Influenza A virus (IAV) affects the upper and lower respiratory tracts and rapidly induces the expression of mucins, which are common O-glycosylated proteins, on the epithelial surfaces of the respiratory tract. Although mucin production is associated with the inhibition of virus transmission as well as characteristic clinical symptoms, little is known regarding how mucins are produced on the surfaces of respiratory epithelial cells and how they affect IAV replication. In this study, we found that two microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-17-3p and miR-221, which target GalNAc transferase 3 (GALNT3) mRNA, are rapidly downregulated in human alveolar basal epithelial cells during the early stage of IAV infection. We demonstrated that the expression of GALNT3 mRNA is upregulated in an IAV replication-dependent fashion and leads to mucin production in bronchial epithelial cells. A lectin microarray analysis revealed that the stable expression of GALNT3 by human alveolar basal epithelial cells induces mucin-type O-glycosylation modifications similar to those present in IAV-infected cells, suggesting that GALNT3 promotes mucin-type O-linked glycosylation in IAV-infected cells. Notably, analyses using short interfering RNAs and miRNA mimics showed that GALNT3 knockdown significantly reduces IAV replication. Furthermore, IAV replication was markedly decreased in embryonic fibroblast cells obtained from galnt3-knockout mice. Interestingly, IAV-infected galnt3-knockout mice exhibited high mortality and severe pathological alterations in the lungs compared to those of wild-type mice. Our results demonstrate not only the molecular mechanism underlying rapid mucin production during IAV infection but also the contribution of O-linked glycosylation to the replication and propagation of IAV in lung cells. IMPORTANCE Viral infections that affect the upper or lower respiratory tracts, such as IAV, rapidly induce mucin production on the epithelial surfaces of respiratory cells. However, the details of how mucin-type O-linked glycosylation is initiated by IAV infection and how mucin production affects viral replication have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we show that levels of two miRNAs that target the UDP-GalNAc transferase GALNT3 are markedly decreased during the early stage of IAV infection, resulting in the upregulation of GALNT3 mRNA. We also demonstrate that the expression of GALNT3 initiates mucin production and affects IAV replication in infected cells. This is the first report demonstrating the mechanism underlying the miRNA-mediated initiation of mucin-type O-glycosylation in IAV-infected cells and its role in viral replication. Our results have broad implications for understanding IAV replication and suggest a strategy for the development of novel anti-influenza approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Nakamura
- Department of Viral Oncology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Department of Tumor Viruses, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Horie
- Department of Viral Oncology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomo Daidoji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Honda
- Department of Viral Oncology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mayo Yasugi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Komori
- Department of Cell Biology, Unit of Basic Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- DNA-Chip Development Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takaaki Nakaya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keizo Tomonaga
- Department of Viral Oncology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Department of Tumor Viruses, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Department of Mammalian Regulatory Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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41
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Enzymatic production of HMO mimics by the sialylation of galacto-oligosaccharides. Food Chem 2015; 181:51-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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42
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Li L, Liu Y, Ma C, Qu J, Calderon AD, Wu B, Wei N, Wang X, Guo Y, Xiao Z, Song J, Sugiarto G, Li Y, Yu H, Chen X, Wang PG. Efficient Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of an N-glycan Isomer Library. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5652-5661. [PMID: 26417422 PMCID: PMC4583208 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantification, characterization and biofunctional studies of N-glycans on proteins remain challenging tasks due to complexity, diversity and low abundance of these glycans. The availability of structurally defined N-glycans (especially isomers) libraries is essential to help on solving these tasks. We reported herein an efficient chemoenzymatic strategy, namely Core Synthesis/Enzymatic Extension (CSEE), for rapid production of diverse N-glycans. Starting with 5 chemically prepared building blocks, 8 N-glycan core structures containing one or two terminal N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) residue(s) were chemically synthesized via consistent use of oligosaccharyl thioethers as glycosylation donors in the convergent fragment coupling strategy. Each of these core structures was then extended to 5 to 15 N-glycan sequences by enzymatic reactions catalyzed by 4 robust glycosyltransferases. Success in synthesizing N-glycans with Neu5Gc and core-fucosylation further expanded the ability of enzymatic extension. High performance liquid chromatography with an amide column enabled rapid and efficient purification (>98% purity) of N-glycans in milligram scales. A total of 73 N-glycans (63 isomers) were successfully prepared and characterized by MS2 and NMR. The CSEE strategy provides a practical approach for "mass production" of structurally defined N-glycans, which are important standards and probes for Glycoscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Jingyao Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Angie D Calderon
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Baolin Wu
- Chemily, LLC, 58 Edgewood Ave NE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Yuxi Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Zhongying Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Go Sugiarto
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303
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43
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Yu CC, Withers SG. Recent Developments in Enzymatic Synthesis of Modified Sialic Acid Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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44
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Anish C, Schumann B, Pereira CL, Seeberger PH. Chemical biology approaches to designing defined carbohydrate vaccines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 21:38-50. [PMID: 24439205 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate antigens have shown promise as important targets for developing effective vaccines and pathogen detection strategies. Modifying purified microbial glycans through synthetic routes or completely synthesizing antigenic motifs are attractive options to advance carbohydrate vaccine development. However, limited knowledge on structure-property correlates hampers the discovery of immunoprotective carbohydrate epitopes. Recent advancements in tools for glycan modification, high-throughput screening of biological samples, and 3D structural analysis may facilitate antigen discovery process. This review focuses on advances that accelerate carbohydrate-based vaccine development and various technologies that are driving these efforts. Herein we provide a critical overview of approaches and resources available for rational design of better carbohydrate antigens. Structurally defined and fully synthetic oligosaccharides, designed based on molecular understanding of antigen-antibody interactions, offer a promising alternative for developing future carbohydrate vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakkumkal Anish
- Department for Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Schumann
- Department for Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claney Lebev Pereira
- Department for Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department for Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14424 Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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45
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Chen C, Zhang Y, Xue M, Liu XW, Li Y, Chen X, Wang PG, Wang F, Cao H. Sequential one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose and its sialyl and fucosyl derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:7689-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01330e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient sequential one-pot multienzyme (OPME) approach for the synthesis of lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) and its derivatives at preparative scale was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Mengyang Xue
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Xian-wei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- One Shields Avenue
- Davis
- USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- One Shields Avenue
- Davis
- USA
| | - Peng George Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- China
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46
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Hushegyi A, Tkac J. Are glycan biosensors an alternative to glycan microarrays? ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2014; 6:6610-6620. [PMID: 27231487 PMCID: PMC4878710 DOI: 10.1039/c4ay00692e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Complex carbohydrates (glycans) play an important role in nature and study of their interaction with proteins or intact cells can be useful for understanding many physiological and pathological processes. Such interactions have been successfully interrogated in a highly parallel way using glycan microarrays, but this technique has some limitations. Thus, in recent years glycan biosensors in numerous progressive configurations have been developed offering distinct advantages compared to glycan microarrays. Thus, in this review advances achieved in the field of label-free glycan biosensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hushegyi
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovakia
| | - J Tkac
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovakia
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47
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Yu H, Lau K, Thon V, Autran CA, Jantscher-Krenn E, Xue M, Li Y, Sugiarto G, Qu J, Mu S, Ding L, Bode L, Chen X. Synthetic Disialyl Hexasaccharides Protect Neonatal Rats from Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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48
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Yu H, Lau K, Thon V, Autran CA, Jantscher-Krenn E, Xue M, Li Y, Sugiarto G, Qu J, Mu S, Ding L, Bode L, Chen X. Synthetic disialyl hexasaccharides protect neonatal rats from necrotizing enterocolitis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6687-91. [PMID: 24848971 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two novel synthetic α2-6-linked disialyl hexasaccharides, disialyllacto-N-neotetraose (DSLNnT) and α2-6-linked disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DS'LNT), were readily obtained by highly efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) reactions. The sequential OPME systems described herein allowed the use of an inexpensive disaccharide and simple monosaccharides to synthesize the desired complex oligosaccharides with high efficiency and selectivity. DSLNnT and DS'LNT were shown to protect neonatal rats from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and are good therapeutic candidates for preclinical experiments and clinical application in treating NEC in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
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49
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Meng X, Yao W, Cheng J, Zhang X, Jin L, Yu H, Chen X, Wang F, Cao H. Regioselective chemoenzymatic synthesis of ganglioside disialyl tetrasaccharide epitopes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5205-8. [PMID: 24649890 PMCID: PMC4210053 DOI: 10.1021/ja5000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel chemoenzymatic approach for the synthesis of disialyl tetrasaccharide epitopes found as the terminal oligosaccharides of GD1α, GT1aα, and GQ1bα is described. It relies on chemical manipulation of enzymatically generated trisaccharides as conformationally constrained acceptors for regioselective enzymatic α2-6-sialylation. This strategy provides a new route for easy access to disialyl tetrasaccharide epitopes and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenlong Yao
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jiansong Cheng
- College
of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lan Jin
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hai Yu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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50
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Chien WT, Liang CF, Yu CC, Lin CH, Li SP, Primadona I, Chen YJ, Mong KKT, Lin CC. Sequential one-pot enzymatic synthesis of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine and its multi-sialylated extensions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5786-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01227e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol for the preparative-scale synthesis of various lengths of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine (oligo-LacNAc) and its multi-sialylated extensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chien
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Liang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ching Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Si-Peng Li
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Indah Primadona
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Genomic Research Center
- Academia Sinica
| | - Kwok Kong T. Mong
- Applied Chemistry Department
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Genomic Research Center
- Academia Sinica
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