1
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Whitewolf J, Highley CB. Conformal encapsulation of mammalian stem cells using modified hyaluronic acid. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7122-7134. [PMID: 38946474 PMCID: PMC11268093 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00223g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoencapsulation of cells has been studied as a strategy to protect cells from environmental stress and promote survival during delivery. Hydrogels used in encapsulation can be modified to influence cell behaviors and direct assembly in their surroundings. Here, we report a system that conformally encapsulated stem cells using hyaluronic acid (HA). We successfully modified HA with lipid, thiol, and maleimide pendant groups to facilitate a hydrogel system in which HA was deposited onto cell plasma membranes and subsequently crosslinked through thiol-maleimide click chemistry. We demonstrated conformal encapsulation of both neural stem cells (NSCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), with viability of both cell types greater than 90% after encapsulation. Additional material could be added to the conformal hydrogel through alternating addition of thiol-modified and maleimide-modified HA in a layering process. After encapsulation, we tracked egress and viability of the cells over days and observed differential responses of cell types to conformal hydrogels both according to cell type and the amount of material deposited on the cell surfaces. Through the design of the conformal hydrogels, we showed that multicellular assembly could be created in suspension and that encapsulated cells could be immobilized on surfaces. In conjunction with photolithography, conformal hydrogels enabled rapid assembly of encapsulated cells on hydrogel substrates with resolution at the scale of 100 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Whitewolf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
| | - Christopher B Highley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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2
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Duan J, Chen Z, Liang X, Chen Y, Li H, Liu K, Gui L, Wang X, Li Y, Yang J. Engineering M2-type macrophages with a metal polyphenol network for peripheral artery disease treatment. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 213:138-149. [PMID: 38218551 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Functional cell treatment for critical limb ischemia is limited by cell viability loss and dysfunction resulting from a harmful ischemic microenvironment. Metal-polyphenol networks have emerged as novel cell delivery vehicles for protecting cells from the detrimental ischemic microenvironment and prolonging the survival rate of cells in the ischemic microenvironment. M2 macrophages are closely related to tissue repair, and they secrete anti-inflammatory factors that contribute to lesion repair. However, these cells are easily metabolized in the body with low efficiency. Herein, M2 macrophages were decorated with a metal‒polyphenol network that contains copper ions and epigallocatechin gallate (Cu-EGCG@M2) to increase cell survival and therapeutic potential. Cu-EGCG@M2 synergistically promoted angiogenesis through the inherent angiogenesis effect of M2 macrophages and copper ions. We found that Cu-EGCG@M2 increased in vitro viability and strengthened the in vivo therapeutic effect on the ischemic hindlimbs of mice, which promoted the recovery of blood and muscle regeneration, resulting in superior limb salvage. These therapeutic effects were ascribed to the increased survival rate and therapeutic period of M2 macrophages, as well as the ameliorated microenvironment at the ischemic site. Additionally, Cu-EGCG exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic effects. Our findings provide a feasible option for cell-based treatment of CLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Zuoguan Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China; Department of Heart Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Tianjin ECMO Treatment and Training Base, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Tianjin, 300170, PR China
| | - Youlu Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Huiyang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Kaijing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Liang Gui
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China.
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3
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Sternstein C, Böhm TM, Fink J, Meyr J, Lüdemann M, Krug M, Kriukov K, Gurdap CO, Sezgin E, Ebert R, Seibel J. Development of an Effective Functional Lipid Anchor for Membranes (FLAME) for the Bioorthogonal Modification of the Lipid Bilayer of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1221-1233. [PMID: 37328799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The glycosylation of cellular membranes is crucial for the survival and communication of cells. As our target is the engineering of the glycocalyx, we designed a functionalized lipid anchor for the introduction into cellular membranes called Functional Lipid Anchor for MEmbranes (FLAME). Since cholesterol incorporates very effectively into membranes, we developed a twice cholesterol-substituted anchor in a total synthesis by applying protecting group chemistry. We labeled the compound with a fluorescent dye, which allows cell visualization. FLAME was successfully incorporated in the membranes of living human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC), acting as a temporary, nontoxic marker. The availability of an azido function─a bioorthogonal reacting group within the compound─enables the convenient coupling of alkyne-functionalized molecules, such as fluorophores or saccharides. After the incorporation of FLAME into the plasma membrane of living hMSC, we were able to successfully couple our molecule with an alkyne-tagged fluorophore via click reaction. This suggests that FLAME is useful for the modification of the membrane surface. Coupling FLAME with a galactosamine derivative yielded FLAME-GalNAc, which was incorporated into U2OS cells as well as in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs). With this, we have shown that FLAME-GalNAc is a useful tool for studying the partitioning in the liquid-ordered (Lo) and the liquid-disordered (Ld) phases. The molecular tool can also be used to analyze the diffusion behavior in the model and the cell membranes by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Sternstein
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa-Maria Böhm
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopedic Clinic König-Ludwig Haus, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Fink
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Meyr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Lüdemann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, University of Würzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Krug
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopedic Clinic König-Ludwig Haus, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kirill Kriukov
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopedic Clinic König-Ludwig Haus, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cenk O Gurdap
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Regina Ebert
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopedic Clinic König-Ludwig Haus, University of Würzburg, Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 15, 97076 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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4
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Tang Y, Qian C. Research progress in leveraging biomaterials for enhancing NK cell immunotherapy. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:267-278. [PMID: 37476938 PMCID: PMC10409897 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
NK cell immunotherapy is a promising antitumor therapeutic modality after the development of T cell immunotherapy. Structural modification of NK cells with biomaterials may provide a precise, efficient, and low-cost strategy to enhance NK cell immunotherapy. The biomaterial modification of NK cells can be divided into two strategies: surface engineering with biomaterials and intracellular modification. The surface engineering strategies include hydrophobic interaction of lipids, receptor-ligand interaction between membrane proteins, covalent binding to amino acid residues, click reaction and electrostatic interaction. The intracellular modification strategies are based on manipulation by nanotechnology using membranous materials from various sources of NK cells (such as exosome, vesicle and cytomembranes). Finally, the biomaterials-based strategies regulate the recruitment, recognition and cytotoxicity of NK cells in the solid tumor site in situ to boost the activity of NK cells in the tumor. This article reviews the recent research progress in enhancing NK cell therapy based on biomaterial modification, to provide a reference for further researches on engineering NK cell therapy with biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chenggen Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Nanjing 210009, China.
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5
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Li Y, Wang M, Hong S. Live-Cell Glycocalyx Engineering. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200707. [PMID: 36642971 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A heavy layer of glycans forms a brush matrix bound to the outside of all the cells in our bodies; it is referred to as the "sugar forest" or glycocalyx. Beyond the increased appreciation of the glycocalyx over the past two decades, recent advances in engineering the glycocalyx on live cells have spurred the creation of cellular drugs and novel medical treatments. The development of new tools and techniques has empowered scientists to manipulate the structures and functions of cell-surface glycans on target cells and endow target cells with desired properties. Herein, we provide an overview of live-cell glycocalyx engineering strategies for controlling the cell-surface molecular repertory to suit therapeutic applications, even though the realm of this field remains young and largely unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Mingzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Senlian Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
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6
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Prasad PK, Motiei L, Margulies D. Applications of Bacteria Decorated with Synthetic DNA Constructs. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206136. [PMID: 36670059 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The advent of DNA nanotechnology has revolutionized the way DNA has been perceived. Rather than considering it as the genetic material alone, DNA has emerged as a versatile synthetic scaffold that can be used to create a variety of molecular architectures. Modifying such self-assembled structures with bio-molecular recognition elements has further expanded the scope of DNA nanotechnology, opening up avenues for using synthetic DNA assemblies to sense or regulate biological molecules. Recent advancements in this field have lead to the creation of DNA structures that can be used to modify bacterial cell surfaces and endow the bacteria with new properties. This mini-review focuses on the ways by which synthetic modification of bacterial cell surfaces with DNA constructs can expand the natural functions of bacteria, enabling their potential use in various fields such as material engineering, bio-sensing, and therapy. The challenges and prospects for future advancements in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati K Prasad
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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7
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Cai F, Ren Y, Dai J, Yang J, Shi X. Effects of Various Cell Surface Engineering Reactions on the Biological Behavior of Mammalian Cells. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200379. [PMID: 36579789 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface engineering technologies can regulate cell function and behavior by modifying the cell surface. Previous studies have mainly focused on investigating the effects of cell surface engineering reactions and materials on cell activity. However, they do not comprehensively analyze other cellular processes. This study exploits covalent bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions to modify the macromolecules succinimide ester-methoxy polyethylene glycol (NHS-mPEG), distearoyl phosphoethanolamine-methoxy polyethylene glycol (DSPE-mPEG), and poly-L-lysine (PLL), respectively, on the cell surface. This work systematically investigates the effects of the three surface engineering reactions on the behavior of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human skin fibroblasts, including viability, growth, proliferation, cell cycle, adhesion, and migration. The results reveals that the PLL modification method notably affects cell viability and G2/M arrest and has a short modification duration. However, the DSPE-mPEG and NHS-mPEG modification methods have little effect on cell viability and proliferation but have a prolonged modification duration. Moreover, the DSPE-mPEG modification method highly affects cell adherence. Further, the NHS-mPEG modification method can significantly improve the migration ability of HUVECs by reducing the area of focal adhesions. The findings of this study will contribute to the application of cell surface engineering technology in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Cai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yafeng Ren
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jiajia Dai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xianai Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University, No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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8
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Singh A, Arango JC, Shi A, d’Aliberti JB, Claridge SA. Surface-Templated Glycopolymer Nanopatterns Transferred to Hydrogels for Designed Multivalent Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions across Length Scales. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1668-1677. [PMID: 36640106 PMCID: PMC9881003 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent interactions between carbohydrates and proteins enable a broad range of selective chemical processes of critical biological importance. Such interactions can extend from the macromolecular scale (1-10 nm) up to much larger scales across a cell or tissue, placing substantial demands on chemically patterned materials aiming to leverage similar interactions in vitro. Here, we show that diyne amphiphiles with carbohydrate headgroups can be assembled on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) to generate nanometer-resolution carbohydrate patterns, with individual linear carbohydrate assemblies up to nearly 1 μm, and microscale geometric patterns. These are then photopolymerized and covalently transferred to the surfaces of hydrogels. This strategy suspends carbohydrate patterns on a relatively rigid polydiacetylene (persistence length ∼ 16 nm), exposed at the top surface of the hydrogel above the bulk pore structure. Transferred patterns of appropriate carbohydrates (e.g., N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, GlcNAc) enable selective, multivalent interactions (KD ∼ 40 nM) with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a model lectin that exhibits multivalent binding with appropriately spaced GlcNAc moieties. WGA binding affinity can be further improved (KD ∼ 10 nM) using diacetylenes that shift the polymer backbone closer to the displayed carbohydrate, suggesting that this strategy can be used to modulate carbohydrate presentation at interfaces. Conversely, GlcNAc-patterned surfaces do not induce specific binding of concanavalin A, and surfaces patterned with glucuronic acid, or with simple carboxylic acid or hydroxyl groups, do not induce WGA binding. More broadly, this approach may have utility in designing synthetic glycan-mimetic interfaces with features from molecular to mesoscopic scales, including soft scaffolds for cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Juan C. Arango
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Anni Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Joseph B. d’Aliberti
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States
| | - Shelley A. Claridge
- Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States,Weldon
School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, Indiana47907, United States,. Phone: 765-494-6070
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9
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Gates BD, Vyletel JB, Zou L, Webber MJ. Multivalent Cucurbituril Dendrons for Cell Membrane Engineering with Supramolecular Receptors. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2262-2268. [PMID: 35802933 PMCID: PMC11144120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The affinity possible from certain supramolecular motifs rivals that for some of the best-recognized interactions in biology. Cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) macrocycles, for example, are capable of achieving affinities in their binding to certain guests that rival that of biotin-avidin. Supramolecular host-guest recognition between CB[7] and certain guests has been demonstrated to spatially localize guest-linked agents to desired sites in vivo, offering opportunities to better exploit this affinity axis for applications in biomedicine. Herein, architectures of CB[7] are prepared from a polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer scaffold, installing a PEG-linked cholesterol anchor on the opposite end of the dendron to facilitate cell membrane integration. Cells are then modified with this dendritic CB[7] construct in vitro, demonstrating the ability to deliver a model guest-linked agent to the cell membrane. This approach to realize synthetic supramolecular "membrane receptors" may be leveraged in the future for in situ imaging or modulation of cell-based therapies or to facilitate a synthetic supramolecular recognition axis on the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brant D. Gates
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Jackson B. Vyletel
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Lei Zou
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Matthew J. Webber
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
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10
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Detwiler RE, Kramer JR. Preparation and applications of artificial mucins in biomedicine. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 26:101031. [PMID: 37283850 PMCID: PMC10243510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2022.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Mucus is an essential barrier material that separates organisms from the outside world. This slippery material regulates the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. The surface of the cell itself is coated in a mucus-like barrier of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Mucin glycoproteins are the primary component of mucus and the epithelial glycocalyx. Aberrant mucin production is implicated in diverse disease states from cancer and inflammation to pre-term birth and infection. Biological mucins are inherently heterogenous in structure, which has challenged understanding their molecular functions as a barrier and as biochemically active proteins. Therefore, many synthetic materials have been developed as artificial mucins with precisely tunable structures. This review highlights advances in design and synthesis of artificial mucins and their application in biomedical studies of mucin chemistry, biology, and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Detwiler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R. Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch
Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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11
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Kohout VR, Wardzala CL, Kramer JR. Synthesis and biomedical applications of mucin mimic materials. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 191:114540. [PMID: 36228896 PMCID: PMC10066857 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mucin glycoproteins are the major component of mucus and coat epithelial cell surfaces forming the glycocalyx. The glycocalyx and mucus are involved in the transport of nutrients, drugs, gases, and pathogens toward the cell surface. Mucins are also involved in diverse diseases such as cystic fibrosis and cancer. Due to inherent heterogeneity in native mucin structure, many synthetic materials have been designed to probe mucin chemistry, biology, and physics. Such materials include various glycopolymers, low molecular weight glycopeptides, glycopolypeptides, polysaccharides, and polysaccharide-protein conjugates. This review highlights advances in the area of design and synthesis of mucin mimic materials, and their biomedical applications in glycan binding, epithelial models of infection, therapeutic delivery, vaccine formulation, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Kohout
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Casia L Wardzala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jessica R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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12
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Abstract
![]()
Mucus hydrogels at biointerfaces are crucial for protecting
against
foreign pathogens and for the biological functions of the underlying
cells. Since mucus can bind to and host both viruses and bacteria,
establishing a synthetic model system that can emulate the properties
and functions of native mucus and can be synthesized at large scale
would revolutionize the mucus-related research that is essential for
understanding the pathways of many infectious diseases. The synthesis
of such biofunctional hydrogels in the laboratory is highly challenging,
owing to their complex chemical compositions and the specific chemical
interactions that occur throughout the gel network. In this perspective,
we discuss the basic chemical structures and diverse physicochemical
interactions responsible for the unique properties and functions of
mucus hydrogels. We scrutinize the different approaches for preparing
mucus-inspired hydrogels, with specific examples. We also discuss
recent research and what it reveals about the challenges that must
be addressed and the opportunities to be considered to achieve desirable de novo synthetic mucus hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bej
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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13
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Wisnovsky S, Bertozzi CR. Reading the glyco-code: New approaches to studying protein-carbohydrate interactions. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 75:102395. [PMID: 35653954 PMCID: PMC9811956 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The surface of all living cells is decorated with carbohydrate molecules. Hundreds of functional proteins bind to these glycosylated ligands; such binding events subsequently modulate many aspects of protein and cell function. Identifying ligands for glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) is a defining challenge of glycoscience research. Here, we review recent advances that are allowing protein-carbohydrate interactions to be dissected with an unprecedented level of precision. We specifically highlight how cell-based glycan arrays and glyco-genomic profiling are being used to define the structural determinants of glycan-protein interactions in living cells. Going forward, these methods create exciting new opportunities for the study of glycans in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Wisnovsky
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Carolyn R. Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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14
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Critcher M, Huang ML. Excavating proteoglycan structure-function relationships: Modern approaches to capture the interactions of ancient biomolecules. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C415-C422. [PMID: 35759439 PMCID: PMC9359657 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00222.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans are now well regarded as key facilitators of cell biology. While a majority of their interactions and functions are attributed to the decorating glycosaminoglycan chains, there is a growing appreciation for the roles of the proteoglycan core protein and for considering proteoglycans as replete protein-glycan conjugates. This appreciation, seeded by early work in proteoglycan biology, is now being advanced and exalted by modern approaches in chemical glycobiology. In this review, we discuss up-and-coming methods to unearth the fine-scale architecture of proteoglycans that modulate their functions and interactions. Crucial to these efforts is the production of chemically defined materials, including semi-synthetic proteoglycans and the in situ capture of interacting proteins. Together, the integration of chemical biology approaches promises to expedite the dissection of the structural heterogeneity of proteoglycans and deliver refined insight into their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Critcher
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mia L Huang
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
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15
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Purcell SC, Zhang MH, Honigfort DJ, Ng HJC, Michalak AL, Godula K. Cell surface photoengineering enables modeling of glycocalyx shedding dynamics. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6626-6635. [PMID: 35756522 PMCID: PMC9172368 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00524g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular glycocalyx, composed of membrane associated glycoproteins and glycolipids, is a complex and dynamic interface that facilitates interactions between cells and their environment. The glycocalyx composition is continuously changing through biosynthesis of new glycoconjugates and membrane turnover. Various glycocalyx components, such as mucins, can also be rapidly shed from the cell surface in response to acute events, such as pathogenic threat. Mucins, which are large extended glycoproteins, deliver important protective functions against infection by creating a physical barrier at the cell surface and by capturing and clearing pathogens through shedding. Evaluating these mucin functions may provide better understanding of early stages of pathogenesis; however, tools to tailor the composition and dynamics of the glycocalyx with precision are still limited. Here, we report a chemical cell surface engineering strategy to model the shedding behavior of mucins with spatial and temporal control. We generated synthetic mucin mimetic glycopolymers terminated with a photolabile membrane anchor, which could be introduced into the membranes of living cells and, subsequently, released upon exposure to UV light. By tuning the molecular density of the artificial glycocalyx we evaluated lectin crosslinking and its effect on shedding, showing that lectins can stabilize the glycocalyx and limit release of the mucin mimetics from the cell surface. Our findings indicate that endogenous and pathogen-associated lectins, which are known to interact with the host-cell glycocalyx, may alter mucin shedding dynamics and influence the protective properties of the mucosal barrier. More broadly, we present a method which enables photoengineering of the glycocalyx and can be used to facilitate the study of glycocalyx dynamics in other biological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean C Purcell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Michelle H Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Daniel J Honigfort
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Hans Jefferson C Ng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Austen L Michalak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
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16
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Wang X, Wen C, Davis B, Shi P, Abune L, Lee K, Dong C, Wang Y. Synthetic DNA for Cell Surface Engineering: Experimental Comparison between Click Conjugation and Lipid Insertion in Terms of Cell Viability, Engineering Efficiency, and Displaying Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:3900-3909. [PMID: 35020367 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The cell surface can be engineered with synthetic DNA for various applications ranging from cancer immunotherapy to tissue engineering. However, while elegant methods such as click conjugation and lipid insertion have been developed to engineer the cell surface with DNA, little effort has been made to systematically evaluate and compare these methods. Resultantly, it is often challenging to choose a right method for a certain application or to interpret data from different studies. In this study, we systematically evaluated click conjugation and lipid insertion in terms of cell viability, engineering efficiency, and displaying stability. Cells engineered with both methods can maintain high viability when the concentration of modified DNA is less than 25-50 μM. However, lipid insertion is faster and more efficient in displaying DNA on the cell surface than click conjugation. The efficiency of displaying DNA with lipid insertion is 10-40 times higher than that with click conjugation for a large range of DNA concentration. However, the half-life of physically inserted DNA on the cell surface is 3-4 times lower than that of covalently conjugated DNA, which depends on the working temperature. While the half-life of physically inserted DNA molecules on the cell surface is shorter than that of DNA molecules clicked onto the cell surface, lipid insertion is more effective than click conjugation in the promotion of cell-cell interactions under the two different experimental settings. The data acquired in this work are expected to act as a guideline for choosing an approximate method for engineering the cell surface with synthetic DNA or even other biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Connie Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Brandon Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Lidya Abune
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kyungsene Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Cheng Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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17
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Argüeso P. Human ocular mucins: The endowed guardians of sight. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114074. [PMID: 34875287 PMCID: PMC8724396 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mucins are an ancient group of glycoproteins that provide viscoelastic, lubricating and hydration properties to fluids bathing wet surfaced epithelia. They are involved in the protection of underlying tissues by forming a barrier with selective permeability properties. The expression, processing and spatial distribution of mucins are often determined by organ-specific requirements that in the eye involve protecting against environmental insult while allowing the passage of light. The human ocular surface epithelia have evolved to produce an extremely thin and watery tear film containing a distinct soluble mucin product secreted by goblet cells outside the visual axis. The adaptation to the ocular environment is notably evidenced by the significant contribution of transmembrane mucins to the tear film, where they can occupy up to one-quarter of its total thickness. This article reviews the tissue-specific properties of human ocular mucins, methods of isolation and detection, and current approaches to model mucin systems recapitulating the human ocular surface mucosa. This knowledge forms the fundamental basis to develop applications with a promising biological and clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Argüeso
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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18
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Glycocalyx crowding with mucin mimetics strengthens binding of soluble and virus-associated lectins to host cell glycan receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2107896118. [PMID: 34583992 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107896118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-associated mucins protect epithelial cell surfaces against pathogenic threats by serving as nonproductive decoys that capture infectious agents and clear them from the cell surface and by erecting a physical barrier that restricts their access to target receptors on host cells. However, the mechanisms through which mucins function are still poorly defined because of a limited repertoire of tools available for tailoring their structure and composition in living cells with molecular precision. Using synthetic glycopolymer mimetics of mucins, we modeled the mucosal glycocalyx on red blood cells (RBCs) and evaluated its influence on lectin (SNA) and virus (H1N1) adhesion to endogenous sialic acid receptors. The glycocalyx inhibited the rate of SNA and H1N1 adhesion in a size- and density-dependent manner, consistent with the current view of mucins as providing a protective shield against pathogens. Counterintuitively, increasing the density of the mucin mimetics enhanced the retention of bound lectins and viruses. Careful characterization of SNA behavior at the RBC surface using a range of biophysical and imaging techniques revealed lectin-induced crowding and reorganization of the glycocalyx with concomitant enhancement in lectin clustering, presumably through the formation of a more extensive glycan receptor patch at the cell membrane. Our findings indicate that glycan-targeting pathogens may exploit the biophysical and biomechanical properties of mucins to overcome the mucosal glycocalyx barrier.
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19
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Ahmadi P, Muguruma K, Chang TC, Tamura S, Tsubokura K, Egawa Y, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Nakao Y, Tanaka K. In vivo metal-catalyzed SeCT therapy by a proapoptotic peptide. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12266-12273. [PMID: 34603656 PMCID: PMC8480321 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01784e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective cell tagging (SeCT) therapy is a strategy for labeling a targeted cell with certain chemical moieties via a catalytic chemical transformation in order to elicit a therapeutic effect. Herein, we report a cancer therapy based on targeted cell surface tagging with proapoptotic peptides (Ac-GGKLFG-X; X = reactive group) that induce apoptosis when attached to the cell surface. Using either Au-catalyzed amidation or Ru-catalyzed alkylation, these proapoptotic peptides showed excellent therapeutic effects both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, co-treatment with proapoptotic peptide and the carrier-Ru complex significantly and synergistically inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival rate of tumor-bearing mice after only a single injection. This is the first report of Ru catalyst application in vivo, and this approach could be used in SeCT for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peni Ahmadi
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Kyohei Muguruma
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Tsung-Che Chang
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Satoru Tamura
- Department of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University Yahaba Iwate 028-3694 Japan
| | - Kazuki Tsubokura
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Yasuko Egawa
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakao
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research 2-1 Hirosawa Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, A. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University 18 Kremlyovskaya Street Kazan 420008 Russia
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20
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Kumari P, Bowmik S, Paul SK, Biswas B, Banerjee SK, Murty US, Ravichandiran V, Mohan U. Sortase A: A chemoenzymatic approach for the labeling of cell surfaces. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4577-4589. [PMID: 34491580 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Sortase A, a transpeptidase enzyme is present in many Gram-positive bacteria and helps in the recruitment of the cell surface proteins. Over the last two decades, Sortase A has become an attractive tool for performing in vivo and in vitro ligations. Sortase A-mediated ligation has continuously been used for its specificity, robustness, and highly efficient nature. These properties make it a popular choice among protein engineers as well as researchers from different fields. In this review, we give an overview of Sortase A-mediated ligation of various molecules on the cell surfaces, which can have diverse applications in interdisciplinary fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sujoy Bowmik
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sudipto Kumar Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bidisha Biswas
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | | | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Utpal Mohan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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21
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Qin Q, Lang S, Huang X. Synthetic linear glycopolymers and their biological applications. J Carbohydr Chem 2021; 40:1-44. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2021.1928156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan StateUniversity, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shuyao Lang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan StateUniversity, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan StateUniversity, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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22
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Abstract
Systematically dissecting the molecular basis of the cell surface as well as its related biological activities is considered as one of the most cutting-edge fields in fundamental sciences. The advent of various advanced cell imaging techniques allows us to gain a glimpse of how the cell surface is structured and coordinated with other cellular components to respond to intracellular signals and environmental stimuli. Nowadays, cell surface-related studies have entered a new era featured by a redirected aim of not just understanding but artificially manipulating/remodeling the cell surface properties. To meet this goal, biologists and chemists are intensely engaged in developing more maneuverable cell surface labeling strategies by exploiting the cell's intrinsic biosynthetic machinery or direct chemical/physical binding methods for imaging, sensing, and biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize the recent advances that focus on the visualization of various cell surface structures/dynamics and accurate monitoring of the microenvironment of the cell surface. Future challenges and opportunities in these fields are discussed, and the importance of cell surface-based studies is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
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23
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Smith BAH, Bertozzi CR. The clinical impact of glycobiology: targeting selectins, Siglecs and mammalian glycans. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:217-243. [PMID: 33462432 PMCID: PMC7812346 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-00093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates - namely glycans - decorate every cell in the human body and most secreted proteins. Advances in genomics, glycoproteomics and tools from chemical biology have made glycobiology more tractable and understandable. Dysregulated glycosylation plays a major role in disease processes from immune evasion to cognition, sparking research that aims to target glycans for therapeutic benefit. The field is now poised for a boom in drug development. As a harbinger of this activity, glycobiology has already produced several drugs that have improved human health or are currently being translated to the clinic. Focusing on three areas - selectins, Siglecs and glycan-targeted antibodies - this Review aims to tell the stories behind therapies inspired by glycans and to outline how the lessons learned from these approaches are paving the way for future glycobiology-focused therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A H Smith
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology and ChEM-H, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology and ChEM-H, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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24
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Glycoengineering: scratching the surface. Biochem J 2021; 478:703-719. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
At the surface of many cells is a compendium of glycoconjugates that form an interface between the cell and its surroundings; the glycocalyx. The glycocalyx serves several functions that have captivated the interest of many groups. Given its privileged residence, this meshwork of sugar-rich biomolecules is poised to transmit signals across the cellular membrane, facilitating communication with the extracellular matrix and mediating important signalling cascades. As a product of the glycan biosynthetic machinery, the glycocalyx can serve as a partial mirror that reports on the cell's glycosylation status. The glycocalyx can also serve as an information-rich barrier, withholding the entry of pathogens into the underlying plasma membrane through glycan-rich molecular messages. In this review, we provide an overview of the different approaches devised to engineer glycans at the cell surface, highlighting considerations of each, as well as illuminating the grand challenges that face the next era of ‘glyco-engineers’. While we have learned much from these techniques, it is evident that much is left to be unearthed.
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25
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Feng L, Xie Y, Au-Yeung SK, Hailu HB, Liu Z, Chen Q, Zhang J, Pang Q, Yao X, Yang M, Zhang L, Sun H. A fluorescent molecular rotor probe for tracking plasma membranes and exosomes in living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 56:8480-8483. [PMID: 32588854 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A rotor-based probe MRMP-1 was designed and synthesized. MRMP-1 can bind to plasma membranes very quickly and stably with remarkable fluorescence enhancement. It can be used to monitor the dynamic changes in cell membranes in real-time under stimuli conditions. Importantly, MRMP-1 is the first rotor-based fluorescent sensor to label exosomes in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Feng
- Cancer and Aging Research Institution, School of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, China and Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. and Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. and Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Sung King Au-Yeung
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hagos Birhanu Hailu
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. and Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Qingxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. and Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. and Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Cancer and Aging Research Institution, School of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, China
| | - Xi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. and Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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26
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Nguyen K, Kubota M, Arco JD, Feng C, Singha M, Beasley S, Sakr J, Gandhi SP, Blurton-Jones M, Fernández Lucas J, Spitale RC. A Bump-Hole Strategy for Increased Stringency of Cell-Specific Metabolic Labeling of RNA. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:3099-3105. [PMID: 33222436 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Profiling RNA expression in a cell-specific manner continues to be a grand challenge in biochemical research. Bioorthogonal nucleosides can be utilized to track RNA expression; however, these methods currently have limitations due to background and incorporation of analogs into undesired cells. Herein, we design and demonstrate that uracil phosphoribosyltransferase can be engineered to match 5-vinyluracil for cell-specific metabolic labeling of RNA with exceptional specificity and stringency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Miles Kubota
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jon del Arco
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, E-28670 Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid Spain
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Monika Singha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Samantha Beasley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jasmine Sakr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Sunil P. Gandhi
- Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Matthew Blurton-Jones
- Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jesus Fernández Lucas
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, E-28670 Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Robert C. Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine. Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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27
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Dailing EA, Kilchrist KV, Tierney JW, Fletcher RB, Evans BC, Duvall CL. Modifying Cell Membranes with Anionic Polymer Amphiphiles Potentiates Intracellular Delivery of Cationic Peptides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50222-50235. [PMID: 33124813 PMCID: PMC9082340 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, facile, and noncovalent cell membrane modification with alkyl-grafted anionic polymers was sought as an approach to enhance intracellular delivery and bioactivity of cationic peptides. We synthesized a library of acrylic acid-based copolymers containing varying amounts of an amine-reactive pentafluorophenyl acrylate monomer followed by postpolymerization modification with a series of alkyl amines to afford precise control over the length and density of aliphatic alkyl side chains. This synthetic strategy enabled systematic investigation of the effect of the polymer structure on membrane binding, potentiation of peptide cell uptake, pH-dependent disruption of lipid bilayers for endosome escape, and intracellular bioavailability. A subset of these polymers exhibited pKa of ∼6.8, which facilitated stable membrane association at physiological pH and rapid, pH-dependent endosomal disruption upon endocytosis as quantified in Galectin-8-YFP reporter cells. Cationic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) uptake was enhanced up to 15-fold in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro when peptide treatment was preceded by a 30-min pretreatment with lead candidate polymers. We also designed and implemented a new and highly sensitive assay for measuring the intracellular bioavailability of CPPs based on the NanoLuciferase (NanoLuc) technology previously developed for measuring intracellular protein-protein interactions. Using this split luciferase class of assay, polymer pretreatment enhanced intracellular delivery of the CPP-modified HiBiT peptide up to 30-fold relative to CPP-HiBiT without polymer pretreatment (p < 0.05). The overall structural analyses show that polymers containing 50:50 or 70:30 molar ratios of carboxyl groups to alkyl side chains of 6-8 carbons maximized peptide uptake, pH-dependent membrane disruption, and intracellular bioavailability and that this potentiation effect was maximized by pairing with CPPs with high cationic charge density. These results demonstrate a rapid, mild method for polymer modification of cell surfaces to potentiate intracellular delivery, endosome escape, and bioactivity of cationic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Dailing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Kameron V Kilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - J William Tierney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - R Brock Fletcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Brian C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Roy S, Cha JN, Goodwin AP. Nongenetic Bioconjugation Strategies for Modifying Cell Membranes and Membrane Proteins: A Review. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2465-2475. [PMID: 33146010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell membrane possesses an extensive library of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids that control a significant portion of inter- and intracellular functions, including signaling, proliferation, migration, and adhesion, among others. Augmenting the cell surface composition would open possibilities for advances in therapy, tissue engineering, and probing fundamental cell processes. While genetic engineering has proven effective for many in vitro applications, these techniques result in irreversible changes to cells and are difficult to apply in vivo. Another approach is to instead attach exogenous functional groups to the cell membrane without changing the genetic nature of the cell. This review focuses on more recent approaches of nongenetic methods of cell surface modification through metabolic pathways, anchorage by hydrophobic interactions, and chemical conjugation. Benefits and drawbacks of each approach are considered, followed by a discussion of potential applications for nongenetic cell surface modification and an outlook on the future of the field.
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Teramura Y, Ekdahl KN, Fromell K, Nilsson B, Ishihara K. Potential of Cell Surface Engineering with Biocompatible Polymers for Biomedical Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12088-12106. [PMID: 32927948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of the cellular surface with biomaterials can contribute to the progress of biomedical applications. In particular, the cell surface is exposed to immunological surveillance and reactions in transplantation therapy, and modulation of cell surface properties might improve transplantation outcomes. The transplantation of therapeutic cells, tissue, and organs is an effective and fundamental treatment and has contributed to saving lives and improving quality of life. Because of shortages, donor cells, tissues, and organs are carefully transplanted with the goal of retaining activity and viability. However, some issues remain to be resolved in terms of reducing side effects, improving graft survival, managing innate and adaptive immune responses, and improving transplant storage and procedures. Given that the transplantation process involves multiple steps and is technically complicated, an engineering approach together with medical approaches to resolving these issues could enhance success. In particular, cell surface engineering with biocompatible polymers looks promising for improving transplantation therapy and has potential for other biomedical applications. Here we review the significance of polymer-based surface modification of cells and organs for biomedical applications, focusing on the following three topics: Cell protection: cellular protection through local immune regulation using cell surface modification with biocompatible polymers. This protection could extend to preventing attack by the host immune system, freeing recipients from taking immunosuppressive drugs, and avoiding a second transplantation. Cell attachment: cell manipulation, which is an important technique for delivery of therapeutic cells and their alignment for recellularization of decellularized tissues and organs in regenerative therapy. Cell fusion: fusion of different cells, which can lead to the formation of new functional cells that could be useful for generating, e.g., immunologically competent or metabolically active cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Teramura
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristina Nilsson Ekdahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Linnaeus Center of Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Karin Fromell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bo Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Material Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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30
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Wang Q, Zhang D, Feng J, Sun T, Li C, Xie X, Shi Q. Enhanced photodynamic inactivation for Gram-negative bacteria by branched polyethylenimine-containing nanoparticles under visible light irradiation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 584:539-550. [PMID: 33129163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic pollution has been a serious global public health concern in recent years, photodynamic inactivation is one of the most promising and innovative methods for antibacterial applications that avoids antibiotic abuse and minimizes risks of antibiotic resistance. However, limited by the weak interaction between the photosensitizers and Gram-negative bacteria, the effect of photodynamic inactivation cannot be fully exerted. Herein, photosensitizer chlorin e6-loaded polyethyleneimine-based micelle was constructed. The synergy of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the nanoparticles and the bacterial surface promoted the anchoring of nanoparticles onto the bacteria, resulting in enhanced photoinactivation activities on Gram-negative bacteria. As expected, an eminent antibacterial effect was also observed on the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The cellular uptake results showed that photosensitizer was firmly anchored to the bacterial cell surface of Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus by the introduction of branched polyethylenimine-containing nanoparticles. The light-triggered generation of reactive oxygen species, mainly singlet oxygen, from the membrane-bound nanoparticles caused irreversible damage to the bacterial outer membrane, achieving enhanced bactericidal efficiency than free photosensitizer. The study would provide an efficient and promising antimicrobial alternative to prevent overuse of antibiotics and have enormous potential for human healthcare and the environment remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Jin Feng
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Tingli Sun
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Cailing Li
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Xiaobao Xie
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
| | - Qingshan Shi
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
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Cerullo AR, Lai TY, Allam B, Baer A, Barnes WJP, Barrientos Z, Deheyn DD, Fudge DS, Gould J, Harrington MJ, Holford M, Hung CS, Jain G, Mayer G, Medina M, Monge-Nájera J, Napolitano T, Espinosa EP, Schmidt S, Thompson EM, Braunschweig AB. Comparative Animal Mucomics: Inspiration for Functional Materials from Ubiquitous and Understudied Biopolymers. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5377-5398. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio R. Cerullo
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Tsoi Ying Lai
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Bassem Allam
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, United States
| | - Alexander Baer
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - W. Jon P. Barnes
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, U.K
| | - Zaidett Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Mercedes de Montes de Oca, San José 474-2050, Costa Rica
| | - Dimitri D. Deheyn
- Marine Biology Research Division-0202, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UCSD, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Douglas S. Fudge
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - John Gould
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Harrington
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Mandë Holford
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, The American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024, United States
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Chia-Suei Hung
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Georg Mayer
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Mónica Medina
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Julian Monge-Nájera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Mercedes de Montes de Oca, San José 474-2050, Costa Rica
| | - Tanya Napolitano
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, United States
| | - Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eric M. Thompson
- Sars Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, Thormøhlensgt. 55, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Adam B. Braunschweig
- The PhD Program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- The Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The PhD Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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32
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Arno MC. Engineering the Mammalian Cell Surface with Synthetic Polymers: Strategies and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000302. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Arno
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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33
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Bang Y, Kim YY, Song YK. An efficient cell type specific conjugating method for incorporating various nanostructures to genetically encoded AviTag expressed optogenetic opsins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:581-587. [PMID: 32753317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report genetically encoded AviTag conjugating system for Channelrhodopsin-2(ChR2) in order to attach various nanostructures to the membrane protein in a cell type specific manner. First, AviTag peptide sequence is cloned to N-terminal site of ChR2 construct and expressed at the membrane of primary-cultured hippocampal neurons via lentiviral transduction. Second, with the help of BirA enzyme and ATP, biotin coated quantum dots (Qdots) and streptavidin (SAv) coated Qdots are successfully bound to AviTag sites at the membrane where ChR2 is located and confirmed by fluorescence imaging. Moreover, we synthesize biotinylated Traptavidin-DNA conjugate probes containing a desthio-biotin that has weaker affinity than a regular biotin, and successfully exchange them with pre-conjugated Biotin-AviTag-ChR2 site at the membrane of neuronal cells which can potentially solve the crosslinking issue of Avidin linked probes. Therefore, we expect the AviTag-ChR2 fusion platform to become a great tool for incorporating various nanostructures at the specific sites of a cellular membrane in order to overcome the limits of optogenetic opsins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Bang
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young-Youb Kim
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyu Song
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea; Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, 864-1 Iui-dong, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16229, South Korea.
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34
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Tomás RMF, Gibson MI. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Re-Engineering Cellular Interfaces with Synthetic Macromolecules Using Metabolic Glycan Labeling. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:991-1003. [PMID: 32714634 PMCID: PMC7377358 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cell-surface functionality is largely programmed by genetically encoded information through modulation of protein expression levels, including glycosylation enzymes. Genetic tools enable control over protein-based functionality, but are not easily adapted to recruit non-native functionality such as synthetic polymers and nanomaterials to tune biological responses and attach therapeutic or imaging payloads. Similar to how polymer-protein conjugation evolved from nonspecific PEGylation to site-selective bioconjugates, the same evolution is now occurring for polymer-cell conjugation. This Viewpoint discusses the potential of using metabolic glycan labeling to install bio-orthogonal reactive cell-surface anchors for the recruitment of synthetic polymers and nanomaterials to cell surfaces, exploring the expanding therapeutic and diagnostic potential. Comparisons to conventional approaches that target endogenous membrane components, such as hydrophobic, protein coupling and electrostatic conjugation, as well as enzymatic and genetic tools, have been made to highlight the huge potential of this approach in the emerging cellular engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben M. F. Tomás
- Department of Chemistry and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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35
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Honigfort DJ, Zhang MH, Verespy S, Godula K. Engineering of spectator glycocalyx structures to evaluate molecular interactions at crowded cellular boundaries. Faraday Discuss 2020; 219:138-153. [PMID: 31313786 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00024k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the mucosal epithelium, the cellular glycocalyx can project tens to hundreds of nanometers into the extracellular space, erecting a physical barrier that provides protective functions, mediates the exchange of nutrients and regulates cellular interactions. Little is understood about how the physical properties of the mucosal glycocalyx influence molecular recognition at the cellular boundary. Here, we report the synthesis of PEG-based glycopolymers with tunable glycan composition, which approximate the extended architecture of mucin glycoproteins, and tether them to the plasma membranes of red blood cells (RBC) to construct an artificial mucin brush-like glycocalyx. We evaluated the association of two lectins, ConA and SNA, with their endogenous glycan ligands on the surface of the remodelled cells. The extended glycocalyx provided protection against agglutination of RBCs by both lectins; however, the rate and magnitude of ConA binding were attenuated to a greater degree in the presence of the glycopolymer spectators compared to those measured for SNA. The different sensitivity of ConA and SNA to glycocalyx crowding likely arises from the distinct presentation of their mannoside and sialoside receptors, respectively, within the native RBC glycocalyx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Honigfort
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA.
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36
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Jiang L, Liu H, Huang C, Shen X. Blood Group Antigen Shielding Facilitated by Selective Cell Surface Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:22426-22432. [PMID: 32347090 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Production of red blood cells (RBCs) without immunogenicity of blood group antigens is of special interest in blood transfusion therapy in clinical chemistry. In this study, a selective cell surface engineering method was developed for the preparation of antigen-shielded RBCs based on molecular imprinting. Using an epitope imprinting method, biocompatible molecularly imprinted nanogels (MIgels) were prepared with a high affinity to the blood group antigens of RBCs. The antigen-shielded RBCs could avoid the agglutination caused by blood group mismatch, resulting in the antigen-shielded RBCs in efficiently substituting RBCs in case of a shortage of blood supply. Moreover, the antigen-shielded RBCs could maintain the normal physiological structure and functions of the original RBCs. We believe that the selective cell surface engineering presented in this work may offer significant benefits in specific cell protection for biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huajing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chuixiu Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiantao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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37
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Evaluation of cell surface reactive immuno-adjuvant in combination with immunogenic cell death inducing drug for in situ chemo-immunotherapy. J Control Release 2020; 322:519-529. [PMID: 32243973 PMCID: PMC7262586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells and cell fragments, especially those produced as a result of immunogenic cell death (ICD), are known to be a potential source of cancer vaccine immunogen. However, due to variation between tumours and between individuals, methods to generate such preparations may require extensive ex vivo personalisation. To address this, we have utilised the concept of in situ vaccination whereby an ICD inducing drug is injected locally to generate immunogenic apoptotic fragments/cells. These fragments are then adjuvanted by a co-administered cell reactive CpG adjuvant. We first evaluate means of labelling tumour cells with CpG adjuvant, we then go on to demonstrate in vitro that labelling is preserved following apoptosis and, furthermore, that the apoptotic body-adjuvant complexes are readily transferred to macrophages. In in vivo studies we observe synergistic tumour growth delays and elevated levels of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in tumours receiving adjuvant drug combination. CD4+/CD8+ cells are likewise elevated in the tumour draining lymph node and activated to a greater extent than individual treatments. This study represents the first steps toward the evaluation of rationally formulated drug-adjuvant combinations for in situ chemo-immunotherapy.
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38
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Lahav-Mankovski N, Prasad PK, Oppenheimer-Low N, Raviv G, Dadosh T, Unger T, Salame TM, Motiei L, Margulies D. Decorating bacteria with self-assembled synthetic receptors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1299. [PMID: 32157077 PMCID: PMC7064574 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The responses of cells to their surroundings are mediated by the binding of cell surface proteins (CSPs) to extracellular signals. Such processes are regulated via dynamic changes in the structure, composition, and expression levels of CSPs. In this study, we demonstrate the possibility of decorating bacteria with artificial, self-assembled receptors that imitate the dynamic features of CSPs. We show that the local concentration of these receptors on the bacterial membrane and their structure can be reversibly controlled using suitable chemical signals, in a way that resembles changes that occur with CSP expression levels or posttranslational modifications (PTMs), respectively. We also show that these modifications can endow the bacteria with programmable properties, akin to the way CSP responses can induce cellular functions. By programming the bacteria to glow, adhere to surfaces, or interact with proteins or mammalian cells, we demonstrate the potential to tailor such biomimetic systems for specific applications. Cell surface proteins mediate the interactions between cells and their extracellular environment. Here the authors design synthetic biomemetic receptor-like sensors that facilitate programmable interactions between bacteria and their target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Lahav-Mankovski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Pragati Kishore Prasad
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Oppenheimer-Low
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gal Raviv
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tali Dadosh
- Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tamar Unger
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tomer Meir Salame
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.
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39
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Zhao B, Tian Q, Bagheri Y, You M. Lipid-Oligonucleotide Conjugates for Simple and Efficient Cell Membrane Engineering and Bioanalysis. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020; 13:76-83. [PMID: 32642625 PMCID: PMC7343234 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell membrane modification is important for tissue engineering, cell-based therapies, and cell biology studies. Recently, oligonucleotides have attracted considerable attention to remodel and functionalize live cell membranes. In particular, a type of amphiphilic lipid-oligonucleotide conjugates have been rationally designed and synthesized for this purpose. These conjugates have enabled a rapid, straightforward and efficient cell membrane modification. Taking advantage of the highly precise and programmable self-assembly of DNAs and RNAs, lipid-oligonucleotide conjugates have been used for membrane bioanalysis, therapeutics, building artificial membrane structures, and regulating cell-surface and cell-cell interactions. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge in the design, synthesis, and regulating membrane properties of lipid-oligonucleotide conjugates. In addition, their state-of-the-art applications in cell membrane engineering and bioanalysis have been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Qian Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yousef Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Mingxu You
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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40
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Josenhans C, Müthing J, Elling L, Bartfeld S, Schmidt H. How bacterial pathogens of the gastrointestinal tract use the mucosal glyco-code to harness mucus and microbiota: New ways to study an ancient bag of tricks. Int J Med Microbiol 2020; 310:151392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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41
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He L, Wang H, Han Y, Wang K, Dong H, Li Y, Shi D, Li Y. Remodeling of Cellular Surfaces via Fast Disulfide-Thiol Exchange To Regulate Cell Behaviors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:47750-47761. [PMID: 31773939 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Remodeling of cellular surfaces is shown highly effective in the manipulation and control of cell behaviors via nonbiological means. By 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoate-mediated, fast, and reversible disulfide-thiol exchange, a sequential layer by layer assembly process was developed to grow albumin protein shells on cellular surfaces fixed by a disulfide-linked network, in a cytocompatible manner. The artificial shells, accomplished by a double-assembly process, were sustainable up to >1 day, and thereafter gradually bioabsorbed with unaffected cell viability. The surface engineering process enabled dynamic remodeling of cellular surfaces that effectively controlled cell behaviors including regulated cell proliferation, enhanced uptake efficiency of dextran-fluorescein isothiocyanate that is known for cell-impermeability, and targeted imaging. This unique approach was well-validated on tumor cells (B16), immune cells (DC2.4), and neutrophils, showing its potential universality for most of the cells that are rich in thiols. The new strategy will show promise in cell manipulation and targeted imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghua He
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Huaiji Wang
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Yi Han
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road , Shanghai 201804 , China
| | - Haiqing Dong
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Donglu Shi
- The Materials Science & Engineering Program, Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, College of Engineering & Applied Science , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 , United States
| | - Yongyong Li
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200092 , China
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42
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Abstract
Few approaches exist for the stable and controllable synthesis of customized mucin glycoproteins for glycocalyx editing in eukaryotic cells. Taking advantage of custom gene synthesis and a biology-by-parts approach to cDNA construction, we build a library of swappable DNA bricks for mucin leader tags, membrane anchors, cytoplasmic motifs, and optical reporters, as well as codon-optimized native mucin repeats and newly designed domains for synthetic mucins. We construct a library of over 50 mucins, each with unique chemical, structural, and optical properties and describe how additional permutations could readily be constructed. We apply the library to explore sequence-specific effects on glycosylation for engineering of mucins. We find that the extension of the immature α-GalNAc Tn-antigen to Core 1 and Core 2 glycan structures depends on the underlying peptide backbone sequence. Glycosylation could also be influenced through recycling motifs on the mucin cytoplasmic tail. We expect that the mucin parts inventory presented here can be broadly applied for glycocalyx research and mucin-based biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Pan
- Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | | | - Nitin T. Supekar
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Matthew J. Paszek
- Field of Biophysics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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43
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Schmidt S, Paul TJ, Strzelczyk AK. Interactive Polymer Gels as Biomimetic Sensors for Carbohydrate Interactions and Capture–Release Devices for Pathogens. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schmidt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Tanja Janine Paul
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
| | - Alexander Klaus Strzelczyk
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryHeinrich‐Heine‐University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany
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Yerneni SS, Lathwal S, Shrestha P, Shirwan H, Matyjaszewski K, Weiss L, Yolcu ES, Campbell PG, Das SR. Rapid On-Demand Extracellular Vesicle Augmentation with Versatile Oligonucleotide Tethers. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10555-10565. [PMID: 31436946 PMCID: PMC6800810 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes show potential as ideal vehicles for drug delivery because of their natural role in transferring biological cargo between cells. However, current methods to engineer exosomes without negatively impacting their function remain challenging. Manipulating exosome-secreting cells is complex and time-consuming, while direct functionalization of exosome surface proteins suffers from low specificity and low efficiency. We demonstrate a rapid, versatile, and scalable method with oligonucleotide tethers to enable diverse surface functionalization on both human and murine exosomes. These exosome surface modifiers, which range from reactive functional groups and small molecules to aptamers and large proteins, can readily and efficiently enhance native exosome properties. We show that cellular uptake of exosomes can be specifically altered with a tethered AS1411 aptamer, and targeting specificity can be altered with a tethered protein. We functionalize exosomes with an immunomodulatory protein, FasL, and demonstrate their biological activity both in vitro and in vivo. FasL-functionalized exosomes, when bioprinted on a collagen matrix, allows spatial induction of apoptosis in tumor cells and, when injected in mice, suppresses proliferation of alloreactive T cells. This oligonucleotide tethering strategy is independent of the exosome source and further circumvents the need to genetically modify exosome-secreting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sushil Lathwal
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pradeep Shrestha
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Lee Weiss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- The Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Esma S. Yolcu
- Institute for Cellular Therapeutics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Phil G. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Engineering Research Accelerator, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Subha R. Das
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Pathak S, Pham TT, Jeong JH, Byun Y. Immunoisolation of pancreatic islets via thin-layer surface modification. J Control Release 2019; 305:176-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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46
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Otero C, Carreño A, Polanco R, Llancalahuen FM, Arratia-Pérez R, Gacitúa M, Fuentes JA. Rhenium (I) Complexes as Probes for Prokaryotic and Fungal Cells by Fluorescence Microscopy: Do Ligands Matter? Front Chem 2019; 7:454. [PMID: 31297366 PMCID: PMC6606945 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Re(I) complexes have exposed highly suitable properties for cellular imaging (especially for fluorescent microscopy) such as low cytotoxicity, good cellular uptake, and differential staining. These features can be modulated or tuned by modifying the ligands surrounding the metal core. However, most of Re(I)-based complexes have been tested for non-walled cells, such as epithelial cells. In this context, it has been proposed that Re(I) complexes are inefficient to stain walled cells (i.e., cells protected by a rigid cell wall, such as bacteria and fungi), presumably due to this physical barrier hampering cellular uptake. More recently, a series of studies have been published showing that a suitable combination of ligands is useful for obtaining Re(I)-based complexes able to stain walled cells. This review summarizes the main characteristics of different fluorophores used in bioimage, remarking the advantages of d6-based complexes, and focusing on Re(I) complexes. In addition, we explored different structural features of these complexes that allow for obtaining fluorophores especially designed for walled cells (bacteria and fungi), with especial emphasis on the ligand choice. Since many pathogens correspond to bacteria and fungi (yeasts and molds), and considering that these organisms have been increasingly used in several biotechnological applications, development of new tools for their study, such as the design of new fluorophores, is fundamental and attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Otero
- Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander Carreño
- Center for Applied Nanosciences (CANS), Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rubén Polanco
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe M Llancalahuen
- Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramiro Arratia-Pérez
- Center for Applied Nanosciences (CANS), Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Gacitúa
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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47
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Purcell SC, Godula K. Synthetic glycoscapes: addressing the structural and functional complexity of the glycocalyx. Interface Focus 2019; 9:20180080. [PMID: 30842878 PMCID: PMC6388016 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2018.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycocalyx is an information-dense network of biomacromolecules extensively modified through glycosylation that populates the cellular boundary. The glycocalyx regulates biological events ranging from cellular protection and adhesion to signalling and differentiation. Owing to the characteristically weak interactions between individual glycans and their protein binding partners, multivalency of glycan presentation is required for the high-avidity interactions needed to trigger cellular responses. As such, biological recognition at the glycocalyx interface is determined by both the structure of glycans that are present as well as their spatial distribution. While genetic and biochemical approaches have proven powerful in controlling glycan composition, modulating the three-dimensional complexity of the cell-surface 'glycoscape' at the sub-micrometre scale remains a considerable challenge in the field. This focused review highlights recent advances in glycocalyx engineering using synthetic nanoscale glycomaterials, which allows for controlled de novo assembly of complexity with precision not accessible with traditional molecular biology tools. We discuss several exciting new studies in the field that demonstrate the power of precision glycocalyx editing in living cells in revealing and controlling the complex mechanisms by which the glycocalyx regulates biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA
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48
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Majumder J, Taratula O, Minko T. Nanocarrier-based systems for targeted and site specific therapeutic delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:57-77. [PMID: 31400350 PMCID: PMC6748653 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Systemic drug delivery methods such as oral or parenteral administration of free drugs possess relatively low treatment efficiency and marked adverse side effects. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery in most cases substantially enhances drug efficacy, improves pharmacokinetics and drug release and limits their side effects. However, further enhancement in drug efficacy and significant limitation of adverse side effects can be achieved by specific targeting of nanocarrier-based delivery systems especially in combination with local administration. The present review describes major advantages and limitations of organic and inorganic nanocarriers or living cell-based drug and nucleic acid delivery systems. Among these, different nanoparticles, supramolecular gels, therapeutic cells as living drug carriers etc. have emerged as a new frontier in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeb Majumder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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49
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Du H, Hu X, Duan H, Yu L, Qu F, Huang Q, Zheng W, Xie H, Peng J, Tuo R, Yu D, Lin Y, Li W, Zheng Y, Fang X, Zou Y, Wang H, Wang M, Weiss PS, Yang Y, Wang C. Principles of Inter-Amino-Acid Recognition Revealed by Binding Energies between Homogeneous Oligopeptides. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:97-108. [PMID: 30693329 PMCID: PMC6346390 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have determined the interaction strengths of the common naturally occurring amino acids using a complete binding affinity matrix of 20 × 20 pairs of homo-octapeptides consisting of the 20 common amino acids between stationary and mobile states. We used a bead-based fluorescence assay for these measurements. The results provide a basis for analyzing specificity, polymorphisms, and selectivity of inter-amino-acid interactions. Comparative analyses of the binding energies, i.e., the free energies of association (ΔG A), reveal contributions assignable to both main-chain-related and side-chain-related interactions originating from the chemical structures of these 20 common amino acids. Side-chain-side-chain and side-chain-main-chain interactions are found to be pronounced in an identified set of amino acid pairs that determine the basis of inter-amino-acid recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Du
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- College
of Mathematical Sciences, University of
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Duan
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Lanlan Yu
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Fuyang Qu
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Qunxing Huang
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Wangshu Zheng
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Hanyi Xie
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Jiaxi Peng
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Rui Tuo
- Academy
of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Dan Yu
- Academy
of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Lin
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Yongfang Zheng
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Xiaocui Fang
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Yimin Zou
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Huayi Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Mengting Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- California
NanoSystems Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-7227, United States
| | - Yanlian Yang
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety
(Chinese Academy of Sciences), and Key Laboratory of Standardization
and Measurement for Nanotechnology (Chinese Academy of Sciences), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- CAS
Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R.
China
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50
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Huang ML, Tota EM, Lucas TM, Godula K. Influencing Early Stages of Neuromuscular Junction Formation through Glycocalyx Engineering. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:3086-3093. [PMID: 30095249 PMCID: PMC6395550 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving molecular control over the formation of synaptic contacts in the nervous system can provide important insights into their regulation and can offer means for creating well-defined in vitro systems to evaluate modes of therapeutic intervention. Agrin-induced clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at postsynaptic sites is a hallmark of the formation of the neuromuscular junction, a synapse between motoneurons and muscle cells. In addition to the cognate agrin receptor LRP4 (low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-4), muscle cell heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have also been proposed to contribute to AChR clustering by acting as agrin co-receptors. Here, we provide direct evidence for the role of HS GAGs in agrin recruitment to the surface of myotubes, as well as their functional contributions toward AChR clustering. We also demonstrate that engineering of the myotube glycocalyx using synthetic HS GAG polymers can replace native HS structures to gain control over agrin-mediated AChR clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ember M. Tota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Taryn M. Lucas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Kamil Godula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
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