1
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Zhang J, Yu L, Ogawa H, Nagata Y, Nakamura H. Modular, Scalable Total Synthesis of Lapparbin with a Noncanonical Biaryl Linkage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409987. [PMID: 39008709 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
We report the development of a novel synthetic approach for the highly strained atrop-Tyr C-6-to-Trp N-1' linkage, which can be executed on a decagram scale using a modular strategy involving palladium-catalyzed C-H arylation followed by Larock macrocyclization. The first total synthesis of lapparbin (1) was achieved by applying this synthetic strategy. Furthermore, the modular synthesis utilizing C-H arylation and Larock macrocyclization, discovered in the total synthesis of lapparbin (1), was demonstrated to be applicable to various arbitrary biaryl linkages, including non-natural types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Longhui Yu
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hiroshige Ogawa
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- WPI Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hugh Nakamura
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
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2
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Yu L, Nagata Y, Nakamura H. Atroposelective Total Synthesis of Cihunamide B. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2549-2555. [PMID: 38240691 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
A short, atroposelective synthesis of cihunamide B (1) is reported. The feature of this report is the decagram-scale SNAr reaction of l-tryptophan derivatives, followed by atroposelective Larock macrocyclization. This strategy allowed the construction of a Trp-Trp cross-linkage with unprecedented atropisomerism. The atroposelectivity of this Larock macrocyclization has been investigated through a combination of experimental and computational chemistry, yielding detailed insights into the synthesis of biaryl linkages. It also enabled the concise synthesis of cihunamide B (1), which is expected to be a potential antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- WPI Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hugh Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
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3
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Harada S, Hirose S, Takamura M, Furutani M, Hayashi Y, Nemoto T. Silver(I)/Dirhodium(II) Catalytic Platform for Asymmetric N-H Insertion Reaction of Heteroaromatics. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:733-741. [PMID: 38149316 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective N-H insertion reactions of carbene species offer a powerful and straightforward strategy to produce chiral nitrogen-containing compounds. Developing highly selective insertion reactions using indole variants can meet synthetic demand. Herein we present an asymmetric insertion reaction into N-H bonds of the aromatic heterocycles using donor/acceptor-substituted diazo compounds based on a heteronuclear catalytic platform. Although a previously developed catalysis comprising chiral silver catalyst or dirhodium(II,II) paddlewheel complexes with and without chiral phosphoric acid showed modest performance, a unique combination of widely available Rh2(OAc)4 and silver(I) phosphate dimer [(S)-TRIP-Ag]2 enabled asymmetric carbene insertion reactions (up to 98% ee). Moreover, the Ag/Rh catalytic system facilitated regioselective and enantioselective C-H functionalization of protic indoles. Mechanistic investigation based on density functional theory indicated that an in situ-generated Ag-Rh trimetallic enolate is protonated in a chiral environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shumpei Hirose
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mizuki Takamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Maika Furutani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yuna Hayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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4
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Lee Y, Nam YS, Kim SY, Ki JE, Lee HG. Mechanistic duality of indolyl 1,3-heteroatom transposition. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7688-7698. [PMID: 37476715 PMCID: PMC10355096 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00716b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel mechanistic duality has been revealed from the indolyl 1,3-heteroatom transposition (IHT) of N-hydroxyindole derivatives. A series of in-depth mechanistic investigations suggests that two separate mechanisms are operating simultaneously. Moreover, the relative contribution of each mechanistic pathway, the energy barrier for each pathway, and the identity of the primary pathway were shown to be the functions of the electronic properties of the substrate system. Based on the mechanistic understanding obtained, a mechanism-driven strategy for the general and efficient introduction of a heteroatom at the 3-position of indole has been developed. The reaction developed exhibits a broad substrate scope to provide the products in various forms of the functionalised indole. Moreover, the method is applicable to the introduction of both oxygen- and nitrogen-based functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 South Korea
| | - Yun Seung Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 South Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 South Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Ki
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 South Korea
| | - Hong Geun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 South Korea
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5
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Hatch CE, Chain WJ. Electrochemically Enabled Total Syntheses of Natural Products. ChemElectroChem 2023; 10:e202300140. [PMID: 38106361 PMCID: PMC10723087 DOI: 10.1002/celc.202300140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical techniques have helped to enable the total synthesis of natural products since the pioneering work of Kolbe in the mid 1800's. The electrochemical toolset grows every day and these new possibilities change the way chemists look at and think about natural products. This review provides a perspective on total syntheses wherein electrochemical techniques enabled the carbon─carbon bond formations in the skeletal assembly of important natural products, discussion of mechanistic details, and representative examples of the bond formations enabled over the last several decades. These bond formations are often distinctly different from those possible with conventional chemistries and allow assemblies complementary to other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad E Hatch
- Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 417 E. 68 St., New York, NY, 10065 (United States)
| | - William J Chain
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 163 The Green, Newark, DE, 19716 (United States)
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6
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An J, Jackson RK, Tuccinardi JP, Wood JL. Pyrroloiminoquinone Alkaloids: Total Synthesis of Makaluvamines A and K. Org Lett 2023; 25:1868-1871. [PMID: 36913953 PMCID: PMC10044305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an efficient, scalable, and concise approach to an advanced pyrroloiminoquinone synthetic intermediate (6b) by way of a Larock indole synthesis is reported. The synthetic utility of this intermediate is demonstrated by its ready conversion to makaluvamines A (1) and K (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason An
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Richard K Jackson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Joseph P Tuccinardi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - John L Wood
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
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7
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Aluminum-Catalyzed Cross Selective C3–N1′ Coupling Reactions of N-Methoxyindoles with Indoles. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
C3–N1′ bond formation of bisindoles has been a great challenge due to the intrinsic reactivity of indoles as both C3 and N1-nucleophilic character. Herein, we demonstrate an C3–N1′ cross-coupling reaction of indoles using N-methoxyindoles as N-electrophilic indole reagents in the presence of Lewis acid. The bisindoles generated in this transformation are latent C3-nucleophile, allowing them to be used as strategic intermediates in sequential C3–N1′–C3′–N1″ triindole formations. The potential synthetic usefulness of this sequential transformation was highlighted upon application to the construction of C3–N1 looped polyindoles.
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8
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Zhang Y, Ting CP. Dimerization approach to (+)-asperazine A. Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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9
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Huang R, Wang M, Deng H, Xu J, Yan H, Zhao Y, Shi Z. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed [4+2] heteroannulation of alkynes with aminophosphanes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade8638. [PMID: 36638162 PMCID: PMC9839338 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Enantioenriched phosphorus compounds play crucial roles in many fields ranging from catalyst to materials science to drug development. Despite advances in the construction of phosphacycles, incorporation of a P-chirogenic center into heterocycles remains challenging. Here, we report an effective method for the preparation of phosphacycles through nickel-catalyzed [4+2] heteroannulation of internal alkynes with aminophosphanes derived from o-haloanilines. Notably, chiral 2-λ5-phosphaquinolines can be prepared from P-stereogenic substrates via NH/PH tautomeric equilibrium without loss of stereochemical integrity. The strategy is found to exhibit a broad scope in terms of both reaction components, enabling modular construction of libraries of 2-λ5-phosphaquinolines with different steric and electronic properties for fine-tuning photophysical properties, where some of these compounds showed distinct fluorescence with high quantum yields. A series of mechanistic studies further shed light on the pathway of the heteroannulation and reasons for stereospecificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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10
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Total synthesis of (+)-asperazine A: A stereoselective domino dimerization. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Smith P, Tong Z, Ragus J, Solon P, Shimkin KW, Anderson EA. Rhodium-Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclotrimerizations of Yndiamides with Alkynes. Org Lett 2022; 24:7522-7526. [PMID: 36214595 PMCID: PMC9594354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Yndiamides offer opportunities for the synthesis of vicinally nitrogen-disubstituted aromatics and azacycles. Here we report the Rh-catalyzed cyclotrimerization of alkynyl yndiamides with alkynes, the regiochemical outcome of which is controlled by the electronic properties of the alkyne partner, enabling the formation of 7-aminoindolines with excellent selectivity (up to >20:1 r.r.). We also report a complementary synthesis of bicyclic 1,2-dianiline derivatives by cyclotrimerization of yndiamides with terminal diynes, where slow addition of the diyne overcomes self-dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip
J. Smith
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OxfordOX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Zixuan Tong
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OxfordOX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Julia Ragus
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OxfordOX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Pearse Solon
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OxfordOX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Kirk W. Shimkin
- Discovery
Chemistry, Therapeutics Discovery, Janssen
Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania19477, United States
| | - Edward A. Anderson
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OxfordOX1 3TA, U.K.
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12
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Wang BC, Fan T, Xiong FY, Chen P, Fang KX, Tan Y, Lu LQ, Xiao WJ. De Novo Construction of Chiral Aminoindolines by Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclization and Subsequent Discovery of an Unexpected Sulfonyl Migration. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19932-19941. [PMID: 36270010 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Searching for efficient strategies to access structurally novel aminoindolines is of great significance for drug discovery. However, catalytic asymmetric de novo construction of aminoindoline scaffolds with functionality primed for diversification still remains elusive. Here, we report a Cu-catalyzed asymmetric cyclization of ethynyl benzoxazinones with amines, producing chiral 3-aminoindolines in good yield and with high enantioselectivity (up to 97% yield and 98:2 er). Moreover, a radical-mediated sulfonyl migration of these products was unexpectedly found, further affording new chiral 3-aminoindolines bearing alkenyl sulfonyl groups with retained enantiopurity (up to 84% yield and 98:2 er). Bioactivity evaluations indicate that these 3-aminoindolines show notable antitumor activities and chirality is proven to have a significant impact on their antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Cheng Wang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Fen-Ya Xiong
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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13
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Shaum JB, Nikolaev A, Steffens HC, Gonzalez L, Walker S, Samoshin AV, Hammersley G, La EH, Read de Alaniz J. Copper-Mediated Single-Electron Approach to Indoline Amination: Scope, Mechanism, and Total Synthesis of Asperazine A. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9907-9914. [PMID: 35876810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyrroloindolines bearing a C3-N linkage comprise the core of many biologically active natural products, but many methods toward their synthesis are limited by the sterics or electronics of the product. We report a single electron-based approach for the synthesis of this scaffold and demonstrate high-yielding aminations, regardless of electronic or steric demands. The transformation uses copper wire and isopropanol to promote the reaction. The broad synthetic utility of this heterogeneous copper-catalyzed approach to access pyrroloindolines, diketopiperazine, furoindoline, and (+)-asperazine is included, along with experiments to provide insight into the mechanism of this new process.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Shaum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Andrei Nikolaev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Helena C Steffens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Luis Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Shamon Walker
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Andrey V Samoshin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Gabrielle Hammersley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ellia H La
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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14
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Wang H, Zheng Y, Xu H, Zou J, Jin C. Metal-Free Synthesis of N-Heterocycles via Intramolecular Electrochemical C-H Aminations. Front Chem 2022; 10:950635. [PMID: 35795218 PMCID: PMC9251003 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.950635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-heterocycles are key structural units in many drugs, biologically interesting molecules and functional materials. To avoid the residues of metal catalysts, the construction of N-heterocycles under metal-free conditions has attracted much research attention in academia and industry. Among them, the intramolecular electrochemical C-H aminations arguably constitute environmentally friendly methodologies for the metal-free construction of N-heterocycles, mainly due to the direct use of clean electricity as the redox agents. With the recent renaissance of organic electrosynthesis, the intramolecular electrochemical C-H aminations have undergone much progress in recent years. In this article, we would like to summarize the advances in this research field since 2019. The emphasis is placed on the reaction design and mechanistic insight. The challenges and future developments in the intramolecular electrochemical C-H aminations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiao Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Huiqiao Wang, ; Congrui Jin,
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Hucheng Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Jiaru Zou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Congrui Jin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Huiqiao Wang, ; Congrui Jin,
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15
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Higuchi K, Matsumura K, Arai T, Ito M, Sugiyama S. Intramolecular Aminolactonization for Synthesis of Furoindolin-2-One. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010102. [PMID: 35011332 PMCID: PMC8746550 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Propellanes are polycyclic compounds in which tricyclic systems share one carbon–carbon single bond. Propellane frameworks that consist of larger sized rings are found in a variety of natural products. As an approach to the stereoselective synthesis of the propellane framework, one of the efficient methods is forming several rings in a single operation. Lapidilectine B (1) is composed of a propellane framework and was synthesized through the oxidative cyclization of trisubstituted alkenes. When the alkene with an ester moiety was treated with N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), iodocyclization proceeded to give the cyclic carbamate. On the other hand, when PhI(OAc)2 was allowed to react in the carboxyl form, a furoindolin-2-one structure corresponding to the A-B-C ring of lapidilectine B (1) was produced. Furthermore, when Pd(OAc)2 catalyst was used for cyclization under oxidative conditions, the product yield was improved.
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16
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Yang XP, Lv HP, Yang HD, Wang BL, Wang XW. Box-copper catalyzed cascade asymmetric amidation for chiral exo-methylene aminoindoline derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9373-9378. [PMID: 34673876 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01242h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective copper-catalyzed cascade inter- and intramolecular amidation was achieved between ethynyl benzoxazinanones and α-halohydroxamates in the presence of an indapybox ligand. The one-pot cascade transformation was triggered by the attack of hydroxamates to dipolar copper-allenylidene intermediates, followed by a nucleophilic annulation reaction. Thus, a series of exo-methylene 3-aminoindoline derivatives were obtained in good yields with high enantioselectivities under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hao-Peng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hao-Di Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Bai-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Xing-Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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17
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Li P, Yang F, Hu G, Zhang X. Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrroloindolines from 2-Alkynyl Arylazides and Thioacetamides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10360-10367. [PMID: 34281342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient synthetic method for the preparation of various pyrroloindolines from 2-alkynyl arylazides and thioacetamides was developed. The reaction was carried out in a one-pot process under mild reaction conditions to afford the products in moderate to good yields, which has the potential to be used in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiwen Hu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
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18
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Yao Z, Feng H, Xi H, Xi C, Liu W. CF 3SO 3H-enabled cascade ring-opening/dearomatization of indole derivatives to polycyclic heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4469-4473. [PMID: 33913995 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00712b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel dearomatization process to produce fused polycyclic indolines via a CF3SO3H-mediated cascade ring-opening of a β-lactam and hydroaminative cyclization is demonstrated. It provides a new strategy for the synthesis of important polycyclic indoline-2-amine derivatives in moderate to excellent yields, as well as with good functional group tolerance. Moreover, transformation of the product was performed to deliver the corresponding acid, alcohol and amide smoothly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdong Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Huangdi Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Hui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Flavor Basic Research of CNTC, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chuanjun Xi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Weiping Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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19
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Pan G, Yang Q, Wang W, Tang Y, Cai Y. Heterogeneous photocatalytic cyanomethylarylation of alkenes with acetonitrile: synthesis of diverse nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:1171-1180. [PMID: 34093882 PMCID: PMC8144907 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A visible light-mediated heterogeneous photocatalytic cyanomethylarylation of alkenes with acetonitrile has been established using K-modified carbon nitride (CN-K) as a recyclable semiconductor photocatalyst. This protocol, employing readily accessible alkyl N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) ester as a radical initiator, allows the efficient construction of a broad array of structural diverse nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds including indolines, oxindoles, isoquinolinones, and isoquinolinediones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yurong Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yunfei Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Chongqing 400044, China
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20
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Ohno H, Inuki S. Nonbiomimetic total synthesis of indole alkaloids using alkyne-based strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3551-3568. [PMID: 33908430 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02577a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic natural product synthesis is generally straightforward and efficient because of its established feasibility in nature and utility in comprehensive synthesis, and the cost-effectiveness of naturally derived starting materials. On the other hand, nonbiomimetic strategies can be an important option in natural product synthesis since (1) nonbiomimetic synthesis offers more flexibility and can demonstrate the originality of chemists, and (2) the structures of derivatives accessible by nonbiomimetic synthesis can be considerably different from those that are synthesised in nature. This review summarises nonbiomimetic total syntheses of indole alkaloids using alkyne chemistry for constructing core structures, including ergot alkaloids, monoterpene indole alkaloids (mainly corynanthe, aspidosperma, strychnos, and akuammiline), and pyrroloindole and related alkaloids. To clarify the differences between alkyne-based strategies and biosynthesis, the alkynes in nature and the biosyntheses of indole alkaloids are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Inuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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21
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Maiti D, Das R, Sen S. Blue LED-Mediated N-H Insertion of Indoles into Aryldiazoesters at Room Temperature in Batch and Flow: Reaction Kinetics, Density Functional Theory, and Mechanistic Study. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2522-2533. [PMID: 33417455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mild blue light-mediated N-H insertion of indole and its derivatives into aryldiazoesters has been reported in a batch and flow strategy to afford the corresponding N-alkylated product in moderate-to-excellent yield. Detailed high-performance liquid chromatography-based reaction kinetics measurements, control experiments, and kinetic isotope effect reveal that 3-substituted indoles with electron-withdrawing groups such as -CN and -CHO facilitated the product formation, whereas the electron-donating group retarded the process. The neutral indole performed in between them. Furthermore, Hammett plot and density functional theory-based transition-state optimization studies showed substantial correlation of the electronic nature of the substituents at the C3 position of indoles with the rate of the N-H insertion reaction. The strategy was utilized to synthesize a key intermediate for the natural product (-)-psychotrimine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajit Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Ranajit Das
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Subhabrata Sen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Dadri, Chithera, Gautam Budh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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22
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Tomanik M, Hsu IT, Herzon SB. Fragment Coupling Reactions in Total Synthesis That Form Carbon-Carbon Bonds via Carbanionic or Free Radical Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:1116-1150. [PMID: 31869476 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fragment coupling reactions that form carbon-carbon bonds are valuable transformations in synthetic design. Advances in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions in the early 2000s brought a high level of predictability and reliability to carbon-carbon bond constructions involving the union of unsaturated fragments. By comparison, recent years have witnessed an increase in fragment couplings proceeding via carbanionic and open-shell (free radical) intermediates. The latter has been driven by advances in methods to generate and utilize carbon-centered radicals under mild conditions. In this Review, we survey a selection of recent syntheses that have implemented carbanion- or radical-based fragment couplings to form carbon-carbon bonds. We aim to highlight the strategic value of these disconnections in their respective settings and to identify extensible lessons from each example that might be instructive to students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tomanik
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ian Tingyung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Seth B Herzon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT, USA
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23
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Tomanik M, Hsu IT, Herzon SB. Fragmentverknüpfungen in der Totalsynthese – Bildung von C‐C‐Bindungen über intermediäre Carbanionen oder freie Radikale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tomanik
- Department of Chemistry Yale University 225 Prospect St New Haven CT USA
| | - Ian Tingyung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry Yale University 225 Prospect St New Haven CT USA
| | - Seth B. Herzon
- Department of Chemistry Yale University 225 Prospect St New Haven CT USA
- Department of Pharmacology Yale University 333 Cedar St New Haven CT USA
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24
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Blom AEM, Su JY, Repka LM, Reisman SE, Dougherty DA. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrroloindolines as Positive Allosteric Modulators of the α1β2γ2 GABA A Receptor. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2204-2211. [PMID: 33214830 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors are key mediators of central inhibitory neurotransmission and have been implicated in several disorders of the central nervous system. Some positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of this receptor provide great therapeutic benefits to patients. However, adverse effects remain a challenge. Selective targeting of GABAA receptors could mitigate this problem. Here, we describe the synthesis and functional evaluation of a novel series of pyrroloindolines that display significant modulation of the GABAA receptor, acting as PAMs. We found that halogen incorporation at the C5 position greatly increased the PAM potency relative to the parent ligand, while substitutions at other positions generally decreased potency. Mutagenesis studies suggest that the binding site lies at the top of the transmembrane domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annet E M Blom
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Justin Y Su
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Lindsay M Repka
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sarah E Reisman
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Dennis A Dougherty
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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25
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Ganley JM, Murray PRD, Knowles RR. Photocatalytic Generation of Aminium Radical Cations for C─N Bond Formation. ACS Catal 2020; 10:11712-11738. [PMID: 33163257 PMCID: PMC7644096 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aminium radical cations have been extensively studied as electrophilic aminating species that readily participate in C─N bond forming processes with alkenes and arenes. However, their utility in synthesis has been limited, as their generation required unstable, reactive starting materials and harsh reaction conditions. Visible-light photoredox catalysis has emerged as a platform for the mild production of aminium radical cations from either unfunctionalized or N-functionalized amines. This Perspective covers recent synthetic methods that rely on the photocatalytic generation of aminium radical cations for C─N bond formation, specifically in the context of alkene hydroamination, arene C─H bond amination, and the mesolytic bond cleavage of alkoxyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Ganley
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Philip R D Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Robert R Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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26
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Hu K, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Yang Y, Zha Z, Wang Z. Iodine-Mediated Electrochemical C(sp2)–H Amination: Switchable Synthesis of Indolines and Indoles. Org Lett 2020; 22:5773-5777. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangfei Hu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenghong Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenggen Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry & Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of Chinese Academy of Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Liu K, Deng Y, Song W, Song C, Lei A. Electrochemical Dearomative Halocyclization of Tryptamine and Tryptophol Derivatives. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Yuqi Deng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Wenxu Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Chunlan Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
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28
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Chen SK, Yang JS, Dai KL, Zhang FM, Zhang XM, Tu YQ. Exploration of a KI-catalyzed oxidation system for direct construction of bispyrrolidino[2,3-b]indolines and the total synthesis of (+)-WIN 64821. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:121-124. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08646c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A facile and environmentally benign KI(cat.)/NaBO3·4H2O oxidation system has been developed for the tandem oxidative aminocyclization/coupling of tryptamines, affording a series of 3a,3a′-bispyrrolidino[2,3-b]indolines with high efficiency (up to 94% yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Ju-Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Kun-Long Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
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29
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Wang P, Zhao Y, Chapagain B, Yang Y, Liu W, Wang Y. Mechanistic insights into Cu-catalyzed enantioselective Friedel–Crafts reaction between indoles and 2-aryl-N-sulfonylaziridines. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01967g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Computational studies were successfully carried out to provide mechanistic insights into LCu-catalyzed (L = (S)-Segphos ligand) Friedel–Crafts (F–C) reaction between indoles and 2-aryl-N-sulfonylaziridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- PR China
| | - Biplav Chapagain
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- PR China
| | - Yonggang Yang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- PR China
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30
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Wang YH, Tian JS, Tan PW, Cao Q, Zhang XX, Cao ZY, Zhou F, Wang X, Zhou J. Regiodivergent Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Ketimines for the Diverse Synthesis of Azacycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1634-1643. [PMID: 31755631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Azacycles such as indoles and tetrahydroquinolines are privileged structures in drug development. Reported here is an unprecedented regiodivergent intramolecular nucleophilic addition reaction of imines as a flexible approach to access N-functionalized indoles and tetrahydroquinolines, by the control of reaction at the N-terminus and C-terminus, respectively. Using ketimines derived from 2-(2-nitroethyl)anilines with isatins or α-ketoesters, the regioselective N-attack reaction gives N-functionalized indoles, while the catalytic enantioselective C-attack reaction affords chiral tetrahydroquinolines featuring an α-tetrasubstituted stereocenter. Mechanistic studies reveal that hydrogen-bonding interactions may greatly facilitate such unusual N-attack reactions of imines. The utility of this protocol is highlighted by the catalytic enantioselective formal synthesis of (-)-psychotrimine, and the construction of various fused aza-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hui Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun-Song Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Peng-Wei Tan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xue-Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of chemical engineering, Zhejiang university of technology, Chaowang road, 18N, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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31
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Wang Y, Tian J, Tan P, Cao Q, Zhang X, Cao Z, Zhou F, Wang X, Zhou J. Regiodivergent Intramolecular Nucleophilic Addition of Ketimines for the Diverse Synthesis of Azacycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Hui Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI) Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1200 Cailun Road Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Jun‐Song Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Peng‐Wei Tan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xue‐Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Zhong‐Yan Cao
- College of chemical engineering Zhejiang university of technology Chaowang road, 18N Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610064 P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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32
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Hakamata H, Ueda H, Tokuyama H. Construction of Indole Structure on Pyrroloindolines via AgNTf 2-Mediated Amination/Cyclization Cascade: Application to Total Synthesis of (+)-Pestalazine B. Org Lett 2019; 21:4205-4209. [PMID: 31117711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An N-linked indole structure was constructed on the 3a-position of pyrroloindoline derivatives via a cascade process involving silver-mediated amination of bromopyrroloindolines with 2-ethynylanilines with subsequent 5- endo-dig cyclization. In this reaction, AgNTf2 was used as a tandem reagent, which activated the bromo group as a σ-Lewis acid and the alkyne moiety as a π-Lewis acid. Switching from the initial step to the second step was conducted by controlling the temperature. This protocol was applied to the synthesis of various pyrroloindolines, α-carboline, and furoindolines and the total synthesis of a dimeric indole alkaloid, (+)-pestalazine B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Hakamata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tohoku University , Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tohoku University , Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tokuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tohoku University , Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan
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33
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34
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Deng Z, Cheng D, Xu X, Yan J. The Nitromethylation of 1,3-Diarylpropenes Mediated by DDQ:N,N-Dimethyl-2-Nitroethyleneamine as a Nitromethane Equivalent. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiteng Deng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Dongping Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
| | - Jizhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou 310014 P. R. China
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35
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Zhang GY, Peng Y, Xue J, Fan YH, Deng QH. Copper-catalyzed nitrene transfer/cyclization cascade to synthesize 3a-nitrogenous furoindolines and pyrroloindolines. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01124b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed nitrene transfer for amination/cyclization of tryptophols and tryptamines to generate the corresponding indole alkaloids in good to excellent yields was successfully developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yi Zhang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Peng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Xue
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hui Fan
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hai Deng
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai 200234
- P. R. China
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36
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Hajra S, Maity S, Roy S, Das D. Controlling the regioselectivity of the ring opening of spiro-epoxyoxindoles for efficient synthesis of C(3)–N(1′)-bisindoles and C(3)–N(1′)-diindolylmethane. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7747-7759. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01249d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for the construction of both C(3)–N(1′) bisindoles and C(3)–N(1′) diindolylmethane has been explored via tuning of the nucleophilicity of indoline/indole to spiro-epoxyoxindole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Hajra
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus
- Lucknow 226014
- India
| | - Subrata Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus
- Lucknow 226014
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Sayan Roy
- Centre of Biomedical Research
- Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus
- Lucknow 226014
- India
| | - Dhiraj Das
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali
- Manauli PO 140306
- India
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37
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Jiang X, Li G, Yu C. Synthesis of N-aryl-3-(arylimino)-3H-indol-2-amines via hypervalent iodine promoted oxidative diamination of indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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38
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Gentry EC, Rono LJ, Hale ME, Matsuura R, Knowles RR. Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrroloindolines via Noncovalent Stabilization of Indole Radical Cations and Applications to the Synthesis of Alkaloid Natural Products. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3394-3402. [PMID: 29432006 PMCID: PMC5896747 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While interest in the synthetic chemistry of radical cations continues to grow, controlling enantioselectivity in the reactions of these intermediates remains a challenge. Based on recent insights into the oxidation of tryptophan in enzymatic systems, we report a photocatalytic method for the generation of indole radical cations as hydrogen-bonded adducts with chiral phosphate anions. These noncovalent open-shell complexes can be intercepted by the stable nitroxyl radical TEMPO· to form alkoxyamine-substituted pyrroloindolines with high levels of enantioselectivity. Further elaboration of these optically enriched adducts can be achieved via a catalytic single-electron oxidation/mesolytic cleavage sequence to furnish transient carbocation intermediates that may be intercepted by a wide range of nucleophiles. Taken together, this two-step sequence provides a simple catalytic method to access a wide range of substituted pyrroloindolines in enantioenriched form via a standard experimental protocol from a common synthetic intermediate. The design, development, mechanistic study, and scope of this process are presented, as are applications of this method to the synthesis of several dimeric pyrroloindoline natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Gentry
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
| | - Lydia J. Rono
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
| | - Martina E. Hale
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
| | - Rei Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
| | - Robert R. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA
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39
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Nelson BM, Loach RP, Schiesser S, Movassaghi M. Concise total synthesis of (+)-asperazine A and (+)-pestalazine B. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:202-207. [PMID: 29243756 PMCID: PMC5752586 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02985c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The highly convergent total synthesis of dimeric diketopiperazine alkaloids (+)-asperazine A and (+)-pestalazine B is described. A critical aspect of our expedient route was the development of a directed regio- and diastereoselective C3-N1' coupling of complex tetracyclic diketopiperazine components. This late-stage heterodimerization reaction was made possible by design of tetracyclic diketopiperazines that allow C3-carbocation coupling of the electrophilic component to the N1' locus of the nucleophilic fragment. The application of this new coupling reaction to the first total synthesis of (+)-asperazine A led to our revision of the sign and magnitude of the optical rotation for the reported structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Nelson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA.
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40
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Cao B, Wei Y, Shi M. Indium(iii)-catalyzed intramolecular dearomative cycloaddition ofN-sulfonylaziridines to indoles: facile synthesis of tetracyclic pyrroloindoline skeletons. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00882a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A facile and versatile indium(iii)-catalyzed intramolecular dearomative cycloaddition ofN-sulfonylaziridines to indoles has been developed, selectively giving rigid tetracyclic pyrroloindoline skeletons in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
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41
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Indole-Indole Ullmann Cross-Coupling for CAr
-N Bond Formation: Total Synthesis of (-)-Aspergilazine A. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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42
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Guo J, Chen S, Liu J, Guo J, Chen W, Cai Q, Liu P, Sun P. Iodine-Catalyzed Azidation/Cyclization Cascade Approach to 3a-Azidofuroindolines and -pyrroloindolines under Mild Conditions. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Guo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Guo
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Weimin Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Qian Cai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Pharmacy School; College of Pharmacy; Zunyi Medical University; 563003 Zunyi P. R. China
| | - Pinghua Sun
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research; College of Pharmacy; Jinan University; 510632 Guangzhou P. R. China
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43
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Laugeois M, Ling J, Férard C, Michelet V, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V, Vitale MR. Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Dearomative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of 3-Nitroindoles with Vinylcyclopropanes: An Entry to Stereodefined 2,3-Fused Cyclopentannulated Indoline Derivatives. Org Lett 2017; 19:2266-2269. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Laugeois
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech,
CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris 75005, France
| | - Johanne Ling
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech,
CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris 75005, France
| | - Charlène Férard
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech,
CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris 75005, France
| | - Véronique Michelet
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech,
CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris 75005, France
| | | | - Maxime R. Vitale
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech,
CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris 75005, France
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44
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Rivinoja DJ, Gee YS, Gardiner MG, Ryan JH, Hyland CJT. The Diastereoselective Synthesis of Pyrroloindolines by Pd-Catalyzed Dearomative Cycloaddition of 1-Tosyl-2-vinylaziridine to 3-Nitroindoles. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Rivinoja
- School
of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Yi Sing Gee
- School
of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Michael G. Gardiner
- School of
Physical Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - John H. Ryan
- CSIRO
Manufacturing Flagship, Ian Wark Laboratory, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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45
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Olsen EK, Hansen E, W K Moodie L, Isaksson J, Sepčić K, Cergolj M, Svenson J, Andersen JH. Marine AChE inhibitors isolated from Geodia barretti: natural compounds and their synthetic analogs. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1629-40. [PMID: 26695619 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Barettin, 8,9-dihydrobarettin, bromoconicamin and a novel brominated marine indole were isolated from the boreal sponge Geodia barretti collected off the Norwegian coast. The compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of electric eel acetylcholinesterase. Barettin and 8,9-dihydrobarettin displayed significant inhibition of the enzyme, with inhibition constants (Ki) of 29 and 19 μM respectively towards acetylcholinesterase via a reversible noncompetitive mechanism. These activities are comparable to those of several other natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of marine origin. Bromoconicamin was less potent against acetylcholinesterase, and the novel compound was inactive. Based on the inhibitory activity, a library of 22 simplified synthetic analogs was designed and prepared to probe the role of the brominated indole, common to all the isolated compounds. From the structure-activity investigation it was shown that the brominated indole motif is not sufficient to generate a high acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, even when combined with natural cationic ligands for the acetylcholinesterase active site. The four natural compounds were also analysed for their butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in addition and shown to display comparable activities. The study illustrates how both barettin and 8,9-dihydrobarettin display additional bioactivities which may help to explain their biological role in the producing organism. The findings also provide new insights into the structure-activity relationship of both natural and synthetic acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth K Olsen
- MabCent-SFI, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Espen Hansen
- Marbio, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Lindon W K Moodie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Umeå, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marija Cergolj
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia and Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Johan Svenson
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden.
| | - Jeanette H Andersen
- Marbio, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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46
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Chuang KV, Kieffer ME, Reisman SE. A Mild and General Larock Indolization Protocol for the Preparation of Unnatural Tryptophans. Org Lett 2016; 18:4750-3. [PMID: 27598827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mild and general protocol for the Pd(0)-catalyzed heteroannulation of o-bromoanilines and alkynes is described. Application of a Pd(0)/P((t)Bu)3 catalyst system enables the efficient coupling of o-bromoanilines at 60 °C, mitigating deleterious side reactions and enabling access to a broad range of useful unnatural tryptophans. The utility of this new protocol is demonstrated in the highly convergent total synthesis of the bisindole natural product (-)-aspergilazine A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangway V Chuang
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Madeleine E Kieffer
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sarah E Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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47
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Lian XL, Meng J, Han ZY. Ru(II)/Organo Relay Catalytic Three-Component Reaction of 3-Diazooxindoles, Amines, and Nitroalkene: Formal Synthesis of (−)-Psychotrimine. Org Lett 2016; 18:4270-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Lian
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Han
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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48
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Bosnidou AE, Millán A, Ceballos J, Martínez C, Muñiz K. Iodine(III)-Mediated Selective Intermolecular C–H Amination for the Chemical Diversification of Tryptamines. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6496-504. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Bosnidou
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Alba Millán
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Javier Ceballos
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Claudio Martínez
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Kilian Muñiz
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Balaji PV, Chandrasekaran S. Stereoselective Anti-Markovnikov Geminal Diamination and Dioxygenation of Vinylarenes Mediated by the Bromonium Ion. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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50
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Loach RP, Fenton OS, Movassaghi M. Concise Total Synthesis of (+)-Asperazine, (+)-Pestalazine A, and (+)-iso-Pestalazine A. Structure Revision of (+)-Pestalazine A. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1057-64. [PMID: 26726924 PMCID: PMC4908971 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The concise, enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-asperazine (1), (+)-iso-pestalazine A (2), and (+)-pestalazine A (3) have been achieved by the development of a late-stage C3-C8' Friedel-Crafts union of polycyclic diketopiperazines. Our modular strategy enables the union of complex polycyclic diketopiperazines in virtually their final forms, thus providing rapid and highly convergent assembly at the challenging quaternary stereocenter of these dimeric alkaloids. The significance of this carbon-carbon bond formation can be gauged by the manifold constraints that were efficiently overcome, namely the substantial steric crowding at both reactive sites, the nucleophilic addition of C8' over N1' to the C3 carbocation, and the multitude of reactivity posed by the use of complex diketopiperazine fragments in the coupling event. The success of the indoline π-nucleophile that evolved through our studies is notable given the paucity of competing reaction pathways observed in the presence of the highly reactive C3 carbocation generated. This first total synthesis of (+)-pestalazine A also allowed us to revise the molecular structure for this natural alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P. Loach
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Owen S. Fenton
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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