1
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Yoshida S, Sako Y, Nikaido E, Ueda T, Kozono I, Ichihashi Y, Nakahashi A, Onishi M, Yamatsu Y, Kato T, Nishikawa J, Tachibana Y. Peptide-to-Small Molecule: Discovery of Non-Covalent, Active-Site Inhibitors of β-Herpesvirus Proteases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1558-1566. [PMID: 37974946 PMCID: PMC10641906 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral proteases, the key enzymes that regulate viral replication and assembly, are promising targets for antiviral drug discovery. Herpesvirus proteases are enzymes with no crystallographically confirmed noncovalent active-site binders, owing to their shallow and polar substrate-binding pockets. Here, we applied our previously reported "Peptide-to-Small Molecule" strategy to generate novel inhibitors of β-herpesvirus proteases. Rapid selection with a display technology was used to identify macrocyclic peptide 1 bound to the active site of human cytomegalovirus protease (HCMVPro) with high affinity, and pharmacophore queries were defined based on the results of subsequent intermolecular interaction analyses. Membrane-permeable small molecule 19, designed de novo according to this hypothesis, exhibited enzyme inhibitory activity (IC50 = 10-6 to 10-7 M) against β-herpesvirus proteases, and the design concept was proved by X-ray cocrystal analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Yoshida
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sako
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Eiji Nikaido
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Taichi Ueda
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Iori Kozono
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ichihashi
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Atsufumi Nakahashi
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Motoyasu Onishi
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yamatsu
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Kato
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Junichi Nishikawa
- PeptiDream
Inc., 3-25-23 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yuki Tachibana
- Pharmaceutical
Research Division, Shionogi Pharmaceutical
Research Center, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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2
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Design, synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of peptoid analogs of an anticancer active triazolylpeptidyl penicillin. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:1127-1139. [PMID: 33998275 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Encouraged by the antitumor activity exhibited by triazolylpeptidyl penicillins, we decided to synthesize and evaluate a library of peptoid analogs. Results: The replacement of the dipeptide unit of the reference compound, TAP7f, was investigated. In addition, the effect of the triazole linking group on the biological activity of these new derivatives was evaluated, exchanging it with a glycine spacer. The cytotoxic effect of the library compounds was determined in the B16-F0 cell line and compared with the effects on normal murine mammary gland cells. Conclusion: Among the tested compounds, peptoid 4e exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity.
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3
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An efficient and eco-friendly synthesis, computational assay and antimicrobial evaluation of some novel diastereoselective monocyclic cis-β-lactams. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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4
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MetA (Rv3341) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain exhibits substrate dependent dual role of transferase and hydrolase activity. Biochimie 2020; 179:113-126. [PMID: 32976971 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The metA (Rv3341) gene from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain encodes a homoserine-acetyltransferase (HAT) enzyme, also called MetA. This enzyme plays a key role in the biosynthetic pathway of methionine and is a potential target for the development of antimicrobial drugs. Purified MetA showed 40 kDa molecular mass on SDS-PAGE. Manual docking was performed with substrates acetyl-CoA, l-homoserine, and p-nitrophenylacetate using crystal structure coordinates of MetA (PDB ID 6PUX) from M. tuberculosis. Multiple sequence alignment indicated that catalytic triad residues Ser157, Asp320, His350 were conserved across species in acetyltransferases, esterases, and hydrolases. As a conserved pentapeptide, GXSMG belongs to α/β hydrolase superfamily and it shares similarity with esterases and hydrolases from different sources. Hydrolase activity of MetA was tested using (PNPA), N-acetylglycine, N-acetylmethionine and Phe-Gly as substrate. LC-MS confirmed that MetA possessed HAT activity, but no homoserine-succinyltransferase (HST) and serine-acetyltransferase (SAT) activities. Replacing acetyl-CoA with PNPA as acetyl group donor showed a drastic reduction in transferase activity, arising due to the interaction of R227 of the enzyme with PNPA. This could prevent the binding of the second substrate in the right orientation and results in the preferential transfer of the acetyl group to water, thus exhibiting hydrolase rather than transferase activity. In this paper, we report that MetA has both transferase and hydrolase activity depending on the correct orientation of the second substrate and the availability of the amino acids involved in enzyme-substrate interaction.
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5
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Leite THO, Saraiva MF, Pinheiro AC, de Souza MVN. Monocyclic β-Lactam: A Review on Synthesis and Potential Biological Activities of a Multitarget Core. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:1653-1682. [PMID: 32560602 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200619114820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A monocyclic ring in their structure characterizes monobactams, a subclass of β-lactam antibiotics. Many of these compounds have a bactericidal mechanism of action and acts as penicillin and cephalosporins, interfering with bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. The synthesis of novel β-lactams is an emerging area of organic synthesis research due to the problem of increasing bacterial resistance to existing β -lactam antibiotics, and, in this way, new compounds have been presented with several structural modifications, aiming to improve biological activities. Among the biological activities studied, the most outstanding are antibacterial, antitubercular, anticholesterolemic, anticancer, antiinflammatory, antiviral, and anti-enzymatic, among others. This review explores the vast number of works related to monocyclic β-lactams, compounds of great importance in scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taíse H O Leite
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos (SP), Brazil
| | - Mauricio F Saraiva
- Instituto de Física e Química, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, 37500-903, Itajubá (MG), Brazil
| | - Alessandra C Pinheiro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius N de Souza
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos-Far Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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6
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Koch V, Lorion MM, Barde E, Bräse S, Cossy J. Cobalt-Catalyzed α-Arylation of Substituted α-Halogeno β-Lactams. Org Lett 2019; 21:6241-6244. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Koch
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials (C3M), ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Institute for Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mélanie M. Lorion
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials (C3M), ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Etienne Barde
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials (C3M), ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute for Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Janine Cossy
- Molecular, Macromolecular Chemistry and Materials (C3M), ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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7
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Decuyper L, Franceus J, Dhaene S, Debruyne M, Vandoorne K, Piens N, Dewitte G, Desmet T, D’hooghe M. Chemoenzymatic Approach toward the Synthesis of 3- O-(α/β)-Glucosylated 3-Hydroxy-β-lactams. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:15235-15245. [PMID: 30556000 PMCID: PMC6289546 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation significantly alters the biological and physicochemical properties of small molecules. β-Lactam alcohols comprise eligible substrates for such a transformation based on their distinct relevance in the chemical and medicinal community. In this framework, the unprecedented enzymatic glycosylation of the rigid and highly strained four-membered β-lactam azaheterocycle was studied. For this purpose, cis-3-hydroxy-β-lactams were efficiently prepared in three steps by means of a classical organic synthesis approach, while a biocatalytic step was implemented for the selective formation of the corresponding 3-O-α- and -β-glucosides, hence overcoming the complexities typically encountered in synthetic glycochemistry and contributing to the increasing demand for sustainable processes in the framework of green chemistry. Two carbohydrate-active enzymes were selected based on their broad acceptor specificity and subsequently applied for the α- or β-selective formation of β-lactam-sugar adducts, using sucrose as a glucosyl donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Decuyper
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jorick Franceus
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shari Dhaene
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maarten Debruyne
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Vandoorne
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nicola Piens
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Dewitte
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Desmet
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthias D’hooghe
- SynBioC
Research Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty
of Bioscience Engineering, and Centre for Synthetic Biology (CSB), Department
of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C. Malig
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Diana Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Jason E. Hein
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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9
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Ansary I, Das A, Sen Gupta PS, Bandyopadhyay AK. Synthesis, molecular modeling ofN-acyl benzoazetinones and their docking simulation on fungal modeled target. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1328514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inul Ansary
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Arijit Das
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
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10
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Torres GM, De La Higuera Macias M, Quesnel JS, Williams OP, Yempally V, Bengali AA, Arndtsen BA. Palladium-Catalyzed, Multicomponent Approach to β-Lactams via Aryl Halide Carbonylation. J Org Chem 2016; 81:12106-12115. [PMID: 27978726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo M. Torres
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey S. Quesnel
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Oliver P. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Veeranna Yempally
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Bruce A. Arndtsen
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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11
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Soldati R, Cervellati R, Martelli G, Greco E, Demma A, Giacomini D. Unprotected Polyphenols in Substitution Reactions with 4-Acetoxy-azetidinones. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Soldati
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna - Italy
| | - Rinaldo Cervellati
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna - Italy
| | - Giulia Martelli
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna - Italy
| | - Emanuela Greco
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna - Italy
| | - Anna Demma
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna - Italy
| | - Daria Giacomini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via Selmi, 2 40126 Bologna - Italy
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12
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Gable J, Acker TM, Craik CS. Current and potential treatments for ubiquitous but neglected herpesvirus infections. Chem Rev 2014; 114:11382-412. [PMID: 25275644 PMCID: PMC4254030 DOI: 10.1021/cr500255e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan
E. Gable
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California, San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2280, United States
- Graduate
Group in Biophysics, University of California,
San Francisco, 600 16th
Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2280, United States
| | - Timothy M. Acker
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California, San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2280, United States
| | - Charles S. Craik
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California, San Francisco, 600 16th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2280, United States
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13
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Stecko S, Furman B, Chmielewski M. Kinugasa reaction: an ‘ugly duckling’ of β-lactam chemistry. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Decamps S, Sevaille L, Ongeri S, Crousse B. Access to novel functionalized trifluoromethyl β-lactams by ring expansion of aziridines. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6345-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01262c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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15
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16
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Arya N, Jagdale AY, Patil TA, Yeramwar SS, Holikatti SS, Dwivedi J, Shishoo CJ, Jain KS. The chemistry and biological potential of azetidin-2-ones. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:619-56. [PMID: 24531200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Azetidin-2-ones, commonly referred as β-lactams, represent a unique ring system, with interesting chemistry and great biological potential. Besides its well known antibiotic activity, this ring system exhibits a wide range of activities, attracting the attention of researchers. The biological and pharmacological profile of azetidin-2-ones is reviewed here comprehensively with several examples under fourteen different activity heads. The chemistry and methods of synthesis have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhilesh Arya
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Pune 410401, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Y Jagdale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Pune 410401, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tushar A Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Pune 410401, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shradha S Yeramwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Pune 410401, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sidharam S Holikatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Pune 410401, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Chamanlal J Shishoo
- B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, S.G. Highway, Thaltej, Ahmedabad 380 054, Gujarat, India
| | - Kishor S Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Pune 410401, Maharashtra, India.
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17
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Muntaner JG, Casarrubios L, Sierra MA. Synthesis of new bioorganometallic Ir- and Rh-complexes having β-lactam containing ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:286-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41354c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Elkanzi NAA, Yosef HAAEM, Mohamed NMM. Synthesis of some new spirocyclic β-lactam and spirocyclic thiazolidin-4-one derivatives. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2013; 4:195-202. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.4.3.195-202.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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19
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Baeza B, Casarrubios L, Sierra MA. Towards a General Synthesis of 3-Metal-Substituted β-Lactams. Chemistry 2013; 19:11536-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Orbegozo T, Burel F, Jubault P, Pannecoucke X. 3,3-gem-Difluorinated-β-lactams: synthesis pathways and applications. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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22
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Anand N, Shah BA, Kapoor M, Parshad R, Sharma RL, Hundal MS, Pannu APS, Bharatam PV, Taneja SC. Entrapment and Kinetic Resolution of Stabilized Axial and Equatorial Conformers of Spiro-β-lactams. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5999-6006. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200363x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Anand
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, J&K, India
| | - Bhahwal A. Shah
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, J&K, India
| | - Munish Kapoor
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, J&K, India
| | - Rajinder Parshad
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, J&K, India
| | - Rattan L. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180 005, J&K, India
| | - Maninder S. Hundal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab,
India
| | - Ajay P. S. Pannu
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab,
India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143 005, Punjab,
India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS Nagar −160 062, India
| | - Subhash C. Taneja
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, J&K, India
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23
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De Pascale G, Nazi I, Harrison PHM, Wright GD. β-Lactone natural products and derivatives inactivate homoserine transacetylase, a target for antimicrobial agents. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 64:483-7. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Pérez-Faginas P, Aranda MT, García-López MT, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Balzarini J, González-Muñiz R. Synthesis and SAR studies on azetidine-containing dipeptides as HCMV inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:1155-61. [PMID: 21256035 PMCID: PMC7127091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
SAR studies on an azetidine-containing dipeptide prototype inhibitor of HCMV are described. Three series of structurally modified analogues, involving substitutions at the N- and C-terminus, and at the C-terminal side-chain were synthesized and evaluated for antiviral activity. Aliphatic or no substituents at the C-carboxamide group, an aliphatic C-terminal side-chain, as well as a benzyloxycarbonyl moiety at the N-terminus were absolute requirements for anti-HCMV activity. The conformational restriction induced by the 2-azetidine residue into the dipeptide derivatives, identified by 1H NMR as a γ-type reverse turn, seems to have influence on the activity of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Pérez-Faginas
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juna de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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25
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Mehta PD, Sengar NPS, Pathak AK. 2-Azetidinone--a new profile of various pharmacological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5541-60. [PMID: 20970895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
2-azetidinone, a β-lactam four member heterocyclic compound involved in research aimed to evaluate new products that possess interesting biological activities. These compounds reported for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities. Successful introduction of aztreonam as a potent inhibitor of cephalosporinase and ezetimibe as a cholesterol absorption inhibitor proved potential of 2-azetidinone moiety. Subsequently 2-azetidinones were highlighted as a potent mechanism based inhibitor of several enzymes like human tryptase, chymase, thrombin, leukocyte elastase, human cytomegalovirus protease and serine protease enzyme. These derivatives also known to possess antitubercular, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-HIV, antiparkinsonian, antidiabetic and vasopressin V1a antagonist activity. The present review article focuses on the pharmacological profile of 2-azetidinones with their potential activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul D Mehta
- Department of Pharmacy, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal K. Banik
- Dept. Chemistry, University of Texas-Pan American, W. University Drive 1201, Edinburg, 78539 USA
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27
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28
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Studies on the cytotoxic activity of synthetic 2H-azirine-2-azetidinone compounds. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 180:220-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Sierra MA, Rodríguez-Fernández M, Casarrubios L, Gómez-Gallego M, Mancheño MJ. Synthesis of 2-Azetidinones Incorporating Carbenechromium(0) Moieties and Their Use in the Preparation of Penicillin- and Cephalosporin-Containing Peptides. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Benfatti F, Bottoni A, Cardillo G, Fabbroni S, Gentilucci L, Stenta M, Tolomelli A. The Cycloaddition Reaction Between α-Bromo Vinylketenes and Imines: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. Adv Synth Catal 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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Yadav LDS, Rai VK. A convenient CeCl3·7H2O/NaI-promoted synthesis of structurally novel and strained tricyclic β-lactams from hydrazines. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Boyer N, Gloanec P, De Nanteuil G, Jubault P, Quirion JC. Synthesis of α,α-Difluoro-β-amino Esters orgem-Difluoro-β-lactams as Potential Metallocarboxypeptidase Inhibitors. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Marqués-López E, Martín-Zamora E, Díez E, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM. Stereoselective, Temperature-Dependent [2+2] Cycloaddition ofN,N-Dialkylhydrazones toN-Benzyl-N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)aminoketene. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Benfatti F, Cardillo G, Gentilucci L, Tolomelli A. Synthesis of Four-Membered Ring Spiro-β-lactams by Epoxide Ring-Opening. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200601110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Efficient microwave enhanced solvent-free synthesis of potent antifungal agents: Fluorinated benzothiazepine fused β-lactam derivatives. J Fluor Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2007.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Exploiting Ligand and Receptor Adaptability in Rational Drug Design Using Dynamics and Structure-Based Strategies. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2006_087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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37
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Neres J, Buschiazzo A, Alzari PM, Walsh L, Douglas KT. Continuous fluorimetric assay for high-throughput screening of inhibitors of trans-sialidase from Trypanosoma cruzi. Anal Biochem 2006; 357:302-4. [PMID: 16930524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2006.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Revised: 07/10/2006] [Accepted: 07/18/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João Neres
- Wolfson Centre for Structure-Based Design of Molecular Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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38
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Synthesis and physical characterization of 1-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-phenoxyazetidin-2-one. MOLBANK 2006. [DOI: 10.3390/m497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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39
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Van Speybroeck V, Moonen K, Hemelsoet K, Stevens CV, Waroquier M. Unexpected Four-Membered over Six-Membered Ring Formation during the Synthesis of Azaheterocyclic Phosphonates: Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:8468-78. [PMID: 16802812 DOI: 10.1021/ja0584119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cyclization of functionalized aminophosphonates is studied on both experimental and theoretical grounds. In a recently described route to phosphono-beta-lactams [Stevens C. V.; Vekemans, W.; Moonen, K.; Rammeloo, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44, 1619], it was found that starting from an ambident allylic anion only four-membered rings were formed without any trace of six-membered lactams. New anion trapping experiments revealed that the gamma-anion is highly reactive in intermolecular reactions. Ab initio calculations predict higher reaction barriers for the gamma-anion due to restricted rotation about the C-N bond and due to highly strained transition states during ring closure. The sodium or lithium counterion, explicit dimethyl ether solvent molecules, and bulk solvent effects were properly taken into account at various levels of theory.
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Alcaide B, Almendros P, Aragoncillo C, Redondo MC, Torres MR. Synthesis of Strained Tricyclic β-Lactams by Intramolecular [2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions of 2-Azetidinone-Tethered Enallenols: Control of Regioselectivity by Selective Alkene Substitution. Chemistry 2006; 12:1539-46. [PMID: 16294361 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A convenient metal-free methodology for the preparation of structurally novel, strained tricyclic beta-lactams containing a cyclobutane ring has been developed. The first examples accounting for the intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition reactions in beta-lactams have been achieved by the thermolysis of 2-azetidinone-tethered enallenols, which have been prepared in aqueous media by regio- and diastereoselective indium-mediated carbonyl allenylation of 4-oxoazetidine-2-carbaldehydes. Notably, the regioselectivity of the cycloaddition can be tuned in the allene component just by a subtle variation in the substitution pattern of the alkene component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito Alcaide
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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41
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Adinolfi M, Galletti P, Giacomini D, Iadonisi A, Quintavalla A, Ravidà A. Toward Novel Glyconjugates: Efficient Synthesis of Glycosylated 4-Alkylidene--lactams. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Poljak T, Molčanov K, Višnjevac A, Habuš I, Kovač V, Rapić V. Synthesis and structure of trans-(+)-(3S,4S)-3-amino-4-ferrocenyl-1-p-methoxyphenylazetidin-2-one. J Mol Struct 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2005.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Bernardi L, Bonini BF, Comes-Franchini M, Dessole G, Fochi M, Ricci A. One-Pot Synthesis of Novel Enantiomerically Pure and Racemic 4-Ferrocenyl-β-lactams and Their Reactivity in Acidic Media. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Banik BK, Banik I, Becker FF. Stereocontrolled synthesis of anticancer β-lactams via the Staudinger reaction. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:3611-22. [PMID: 15862989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2005] [Revised: 03/15/2005] [Accepted: 03/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stereocontrolled synthesis of novel beta-lactams using polyaromatic imines following the Staudinger reaction has been accomplished. The effects of domestic microwave irradiation on this type of reaction have been investigated. Formation of trans-beta-lactams has been explained through isomerization of the enolates formed during the reaction of acid chloride (equivalent) with imines in the presence of triethylamine. A donor-acceptor complex pathway is believed to be involved in the formation of cis-beta-lactams. The effect of a peri hydrogen has been found to be significant in controlling the stereochemistry of the resulting beta-lactams. SAR has identified beta-lactams with anticancer activity. The presence of an acetoxy group has proven obligatory for their anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimal K Banik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA.
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45
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Gerona-Navarro G, Pérez de Vega MJ, García-López MT, Andrei G, Snoeck R, De Clercq E, Balzarini J, González-Muñiz R. From 1-acyl-beta-lactam human cytomegalovirus protease inhibitors to 1-benzyloxycarbonylazetidines with improved antiviral activity. A straightforward approach to convert covalent to noncovalent inhibitors. J Med Chem 2005; 48:2612-21. [PMID: 15801851 DOI: 10.1021/jm0492812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Starting from the structure of known beta-lactam covalent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) protease inhibitors and from the knowledge of the residues implicated in the active site of this enzyme, we designed a series of phenylalanine-derived 2-azetidinones bearing a 4-carboxylate moiety that could be apt for additional interactions with the guanidine group of the Arg165/Arg166 residues of the viral protease. Some compounds within this series showed anti-HCMV activity at 10-50 muM, but rather high toxicity. The presence of aromatic 1-acyl groups and a certain hydrophobic character in the region of the 4-carboxylate were stringent requirements for anti-HCMV activity. To go a step ahead into the search for effective HCMV medicines, we then envisaged a series of noncovalent inhibitors by simple deletion of the carbonyl group in the beta-lactam derivatives to provide the corresponding azetidines. This led to low micromolar inhibitors of HCMV replication, with 17 and 27 being particularly promising lead compounds for further investigation, although their toxicity still needs to be lowered.
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46
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Levai A, Jekő JÓZ. An efficient procedure for the preparation of 4-methyl-2-thiocoumarins by the reaction of 4-methylcoumarins with lawesson's reagent. J Heterocycl Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570420443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Alcaide B, Sáez E. Diastereoselective Route to Novel Fused or Bridged Tricyclic β-Lactams through Intramolecular Nitrone-Alkene Cycloaddition of 2-Azetidinone-Tethered Alkenylaldehydes - Synthetic Applications to Carbacephams and Cyclic β-Amino Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Gerona-Navarro G, Pérez de Vega MJ, García-López MT, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, González-Muñiz R. Synthesis and anti-HCMV activity of 1-acyl-beta-lactams and 1-acylazetidines derived from phenylalanine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:2253-6. [PMID: 15081019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2003] [Revised: 12/30/2003] [Accepted: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Different Phe-derived 1-acyl-beta-lactams, analogous to a series of 2-azetidinones acting as HCMV serine protease inhibitors, were synthesized. Some of these compounds were modest inhibitors of the HCMV replication. Interestingly, removal of the carbonyl group of the beta-lactam ring, most likely acting as the serine trap, resulted in an azetidine derivative with anti-HCMV activity comparable to that of the reference compound ganciclovir.
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49
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Martín-Zamora E, Ferrete A, Llera JM, Muñoz JM, Pappalardo RR, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM. Studies on Stereoselective [2+2] Cycloadditions between N,N-Dialkylhydrazones and Ketenes. Chemistry 2004; 10:6111-29. [PMID: 15515075 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Staudinger-like cycloadditions between chiral, non-racemic N,N-dialkylhydrazones 1 and functionalized ketenes constitute an efficient methodology for the stereoselective construction of the beta-lactam ring. The potential for fine tuning of the dialkylamino auxiliary structure, the availability of a high-yielding deprotection method for the release of the free azetidinones, and the high thermal and chemical stability of hydrazones as N-dialkylamino imines are highlighted as the key elements for the success of the strategy. This last aspect is of particular importance concerning generality: even hydrazones from easily enolizable aldehydes or from formaldehyde reacted to afford the corresponding cycloadducts with high chemical and stereochemical yields. The syntheses of the beta-amino-alpha-hydroxyacids (2R,3S)-phenylisoserine (42) and (2R,3S)-norstatin (45) were accomplished as illustrative examples of the synthetic utility of this procedure. A model system for the cycloaddition of g series auxiliaries was studied by ab initio computational methods. The collected results support a two-step mechanism through zwitterionic intermediates, and explain the observed absolute and relative stereochemistry in terms of the preferred outward cycloaddition to the Re face of the hydrazone.
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50
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Alcaide B, de Murga RM, Pardo C, Rodríguez-Ranera C. Access to enantiopure polycyclic β-lactams by Diels–Alder reaction of novel inner-outer-ring 2-(silyloxy)dienes with a carbacepham skeleton. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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