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Al Ghamdi A, Dawson B, Jose G, Beige A. Remote Non-Invasive Fabry-Pérot Cavity Spectroscopy for Label-Free Sensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:385. [PMID: 36616984 PMCID: PMC9824650 DOI: 10.3390/s23010385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
One way of optically monitoring molecule concentrations is to utilise the high sensitivity of the transmission and reflection rates of Fabry-Pérot cavities to changes of their optical properties. Up to now, intrinsic and extrinsic Fabry-Pérot cavity sensors have been considered with analytes either being placed inside the resonator or coupled to evanescent fields on the outside. Here we demonstrate that Fabry-Pérot cavities can also be used to monitor molecule concentrations non-invasively and remotely, since the reflection of light from the target molecules back into the Fabry-Pérot cavity adds upwards peaks to the minima of its overall reflection rate. Detecting the amplitude of these peaks reveals information about molecule concentrations. By using an array of optical cavities, a wide range of frequencies can be probed at once and a unique optical fingerprint can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al Ghamdi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Benjamin Dawson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Gin Jose
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Almut Beige
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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2
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Corsi M, Paghi A, Mariani S, Golinelli G, Debrassi A, Egri G, Leo G, Vandini E, Vilella A, Dähne L, Giuliani D, Barillaro G. Bioresorbable Nanostructured Chemical Sensor for Monitoring of pH Level In Vivo. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202062. [PMID: 35618637 PMCID: PMC9353472 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, the authors report on the manufacturing and in vivo assessment of a bioresorbable nanostructured pH sensor. The sensor consists of a micrometer-thick porous silica membrane conformably coated layer-by-layer with a nanometer-thick multilayer stack of two polyelectrolytes labeled with a pH-insensitive fluorophore. The sensor fluorescence changes linearly with the pH value in the range 4 to 7.5 upon swelling/shrinking of the polymer multilayer and enables performing real-time measurements of the pH level with high stability, reproducibility, and accuracy, over 100 h of continuous operation. In vivo studies carried out implanting the sensor in the subcutis on the back of mice confirm real-time monitoring of the local pH level through skin. Full degradation of the pH sensor occurs in one week from implant in the animal model, and its biocompatibility after 2 months is confirmed by histological and fluorescence analyses. The proposed approach can be extended to the detection of other (bio)markers in vivo by engineering the functionality of one (at least) of the polyelectrolytes with suitable receptors, thus paving the way to implantable bioresorbable chemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Corsi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'InformazioneUniversità di Pisavia G. Caruso 16Pisa56122Italy
| | - Alessandro Paghi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'InformazioneUniversità di Pisavia G. Caruso 16Pisa56122Italy
| | - Stefano Mariani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'InformazioneUniversità di Pisavia G. Caruso 16Pisa56122Italy
| | - Giulia Golinelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & AdultsUniversity‐Hospital of Modena and Reggio EmiliaVia del Pozzo 71Modena41124Italy
| | - Aline Debrassi
- Surflay Nanotec GmbHMax‐Planck‐Straße 312489BerlinGermany
| | - Gabriella Egri
- Surflay Nanotec GmbHMax‐Planck‐Straße 312489BerlinGermany
| | - Giuseppina Leo
- Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emiliavia G. Campi 287Modena41125Italy
| | - Eleonora Vandini
- Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emiliavia G. Campi 287Modena41125Italy
| | - Antonietta Vilella
- Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emiliavia G. Campi 287Modena41125Italy
| | - Lars Dähne
- Surflay Nanotec GmbHMax‐Planck‐Straße 312489BerlinGermany
| | - Daniela Giuliani
- Department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emiliavia G. Campi 287Modena41125Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barillaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'InformazioneUniversità di Pisavia G. Caruso 16Pisa56122Italy
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Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Eluting Porous Silicon Microparticles Mitigate Cariogenic Biofilms. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071428. [PMID: 35890323 PMCID: PMC9322055 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries, a preventable disease, is caused by highly-adherent, acid-producing biofilms composed of bacteria and yeasts. Current caries-preventive approaches are ineffective in controlling biofilm development. Recent studies demonstrate definite advantages in using natural compounds such as trans-cinnamaldehyde in thwarting biofilm assembly, and yet, the remarkable difficulty in delivering such hydrophobic bioactive molecules prevents further development. To address this critical challenge, we have developed an innovative platform composed of components with a proven track record of safety. We fabricated and thoroughly characterised porous silicon (pSi) microparticles to carry and deliver the natural phenyl propanoid trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC). We investigated its effects on preventing the development of cross-kingdom biofilms (Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans), typical of dental caries found in children. The prepared pSi microparticles were roughly cubic in structure with 70–75% porosity, to which the TC (pSi-TC) was loaded with about 45% efficiency. The pSi-TC particles exhibited a controlled release of the cargo over a 14-day period. Notably, pSi-TC significantly inhibited biofilms, specifically downregulating the glucan synthesis pathways, leading to reduced adhesion to the substrate. Acid production, a vital virulent trait for caries development, was also hindered by pSi-TC. This pioneering study highlights the potential to develop the novel pSi-TC as a dental caries-preventive material.
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Sakamoto M, Saitow KI. Fast, Economical, and Reproducible Sensing from a 2D Si Wire Array: Accurate Characterization by Single Wire Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6672-6680. [PMID: 35475623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is promising as a field enhancement material because of its high abundance, low toxicity, and high refractive index. The field enhancement effect intensifies light-matter interactions, which improves photocatalysis, solar cell performance, and sensor sensitivity. To manufacture field enhancement materials on a production scale, the fabrication technique must be simple, cost-effective, fast, and highly reproducible and must produce a high enhancement factor (EF). Herein, we report on an economical and efficient fabrication method for a field enhancement substrate consisting of a two-dimensional Si wire array (2D-SiWA). This substrate was demonstrated as a fluorescence sensor with high sensitivity (EF > 200) and composed of a large area (6.0 mm2). In addition, single wire spectroscopy was used to identify very high reproducibility of the sensor sensitivity in regular regions (97%) and a mixture of regular and irregular regions (87%) of the 2D-SiWA. The large-area Si fluorescence sensor fabrication was cost-effective and rapid and was 50× less expensive, 20×faster, and 60,000×larger than the typical electron beam lithography method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Saitow
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.,Department of Materials Science, Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development (N-BARD), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.,Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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5
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Zhou L, Wang L, Ma N, Wan Y, Qian W. Real-time monitoring of interactions between dietary fibers and lipid layer and their impact on the lipolysis process. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ma N, Wan Y, Zhou L, Wang L, Qian W. Insights into the interaction between chitosan and pepsin by optical interferometry. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:563-571. [PMID: 35120935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides and proteins have attracted increasing interest in the fields of biomedicine and green chemical as biocomposites due to their inherent versatility. Here, we used silica colloidal crystal (SCC) films combined with an ordered porous layer interferometry (OPLI) method to investigate the interaction between chitosan and pepsin at different concentrations and pH values in real time. Zeta potential was combined with attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR microscopy) to illustrate the interaction mechanism further. The results showed that the variation and slope of the optical thickness (OT) caused by the Fabry-Perot fringes represent the degree and process of interaction. The protonation of chitosan and the net charge carried by pepsin caused various degrees of electrostatic attraction under different pH values. Meanwhile, the rate and degree of hydrolysis were positively correlated with pepsin concentration. This work results provide a theoretical basis for designing novel composites based on the development of polysaccharides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lele Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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Layouni R, Cao T, Coppock MB, Laibinis PE, Weiss SM. Peptide-Based Capture of Chikungunya Virus E2 Protein Using Porous Silicon Biosensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:8248. [PMID: 34960341 PMCID: PMC8708774 DOI: 10.3390/s21248248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The detection of pathogens presents specific challenges in ensuring that biosensors remain operable despite exposure to elevated temperatures or other extreme conditions. The most vulnerable component of a biosensor is typically the bioreceptor. Accordingly, the robustness of peptides as bioreceptors offers improved stability and reliability toward harsh environments compared to monoclonal antibodies that may lose their ability to bind target molecules after such exposures. Here, we demonstrate peptide-based capture of the Chikungunya virus E2 protein in a porous silicon microcavity biosensor at room temperature and after exposure of the peptide-functionalized biosensor to high temperature. Contact angle measurements, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectra, and optical reflectance measurements confirm peptide functionalization and selective E2 protein capture. This work opens the door for other pathogenic biomarker detection using peptide-based capture agents on porous silicon and other surface-based sensor platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeb Layouni
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (R.L.); (P.E.L.)
| | - Tengfei Cao
- Interdisciplinary Material Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
| | - Matthew B. Coppock
- Human Research and Engineering Directorate, DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA;
| | - Paul E. Laibinis
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (R.L.); (P.E.L.)
- Interdisciplinary Material Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
| | - Sharon M. Weiss
- Interdisciplinary Material Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA;
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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8
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ESSENCE – A rapid, shear-enhanced, flow-through, capacitive electrochemical platform for rapid detection of biomolecules. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 182:113163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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9
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Label-free monitoring of immuno-specific interactions of adsorbed multilayer of proteins. Biointerphases 2021; 16:011009. [PMID: 33706528 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions in adsorbed multilayer of an immuno-specific system of proteins that include staphylococcal protein A (SpA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), anti-chicken immunoglobulin Y (ac-IgG), chicken serum IgG (cs-IgG), and rabbit serum IgG (rs-IgG) on polystyrene (PS) were studied using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A systematic analysis allowed a direct qualitative and quantitative determination of protein interactions at each step of specific and nonspecific binding conditions at the molecular level. The study also provided information about (1) the adsorption behavior of the proteins, (2) the role of SpA in enabling correct orientation of the adsorbed IgG and maintaining the stability of the adsorbed SpA/ac-IgG system on the PS surface, (3) the function of BSA as both blocking reagent and promoter of specific and selective binding, and (4) the bioactivity conserved accommodation of SpA molecules on the PS surface. Furthermore, the unique characteristics of cs-IgG such as passive toward SpA adsorption and exposure of the multivalence state at nonspecific binding conditions was revealed spectroscopically. The present investigation provides a platform for further extension of the adopted methodology to a more complex system of immuno-detection for highly sensitive and rapid diagnostics.
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10
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Vercauteren R, Leprince A, Mahillon J, Francis LA. Porous Silicon Biosensor for the Detection of Bacteria through Their Lysate. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:27. [PMID: 33498536 PMCID: PMC7909573 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Porous silicon (PSi) has been widely used as a biosensor in recent years due to its large surface area and its optical properties. Most PSi biosensors consist in close-ended porous layers, and, because of the diffusion-limited infiltration of the analyte, they lack sensitivity and speed of response. In order to overcome these shortcomings, PSi membranes (PSiMs) have been fabricated using electrochemical etching and standard microfabrication techniques. In this work, PSiMs have been used for the optical detection of Bacillus cereus lysate. Before detection, the bacteria are selectively lysed by PlyB221, an endolysin encoded by the bacteriophage Deep-Blue targeting B. cereus. The detection relies on the infiltration of bacterial lysate inside the membrane, which induces a shift of the effective optical thickness. The biosensor was able to detect a B. cereus bacterial lysate, with an initial bacteria concentration of 105 colony forming units per mL (CFU/mL), in only 1 h. This proof-of-concept also illustrates the specificity of the lysis before detection. Not only does this detection platform enable the fast detection of bacteria, but the same technique can be extended to other bacteria using selective lysis, as demonstrated by the detection of Staphylococcus epidermidis, selectively lysed by lysostaphin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselien Vercauteren
- Electrical Engineering Department, Institute of Information and Communication Technologies Electronics and Applied Mathematics, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
| | - Audrey Leprince
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; (A.L.); (J.M.)
| | - Jacques Mahillon
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; (A.L.); (J.M.)
| | - Laurent A. Francis
- Electrical Engineering Department, Institute of Information and Communication Technologies Electronics and Applied Mathematics, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
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Abstract
AbstractLabeling in diffusion measurements by pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR is based on the observation of the phase of nuclear spins acquired in a constant magnetic field with purposefully superimposed field gradients. This labeling does in no way affect microdynamics and provides information about the probability distribution of molecular displacements as a function of time. An introduction of the measuring principle is followed by a detailed description of the ranges of measurements and their limitation. Particular emphasis is given to an explanation of possible pitfalls in the measurements and the ways to circumvent them. Showcases presented for illustrating the wealth of information provided by PFG NMR include a survey on the various patterns of concentration dependence of intra-particle diffusion and examples of transport inhibition by additional transport resistances within the nanoporous particles and on their external surface. The latter information is attained by combination with the outcome of tracer exchange experiments, which are shown to become possible via a special formalism of PFG NMR data analysis. Further evidence provided by PFG NMR concerns diffusion enhancement in pore hierarchies, diffusion anisotropy and the impact of diffusion on chemical conversion in porous catalysts. A compilation of the specifics of PFG NMR and of the parallels with other measurement techniques concludes the paper.
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12
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Snyder K, Quddus R, Hollingsworth AD, Kirshenbaum K, Grier DG. Holographic immunoassays: direct detection of antibodies binding to colloidal spheres. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10180-10186. [PMID: 33057563 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01351j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The size of a probe bead reported by holographic particle characterization depends on the proportion of the surface area covered by bound target molecules and so can be used as an assay for molecular binding. We validate this technique by measuring the kinetics of irreversible binding for the antibodies immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) as they attach to micrometer-diameter colloidal beads coated with protein A. These measurements yield the antibodies' binding rates and can be inverted to obtain the concentration of antibodies in solution. Holographic molecular binding assays therefore can be used to perform fast quantitative immunoassays that are complementary to conventional serological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlynn Snyder
- Department of Physics and Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.
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Zarrineh M, Mashhadi IS, Farhadpour M, Ghassempour A. Mechanism of antibodies purification by protein A. Anal Biochem 2020; 609:113909. [PMID: 32827466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein A, a major cell wall component of Staphylococcus aureus, is one of the first immunoglobulin-binding proteins that is discovered about 80 years ago. However, a great deal of development in both purification methods and application of antibodies in treatment have been done. There are many publications based on the untargeted (size exclusion, ion exchange and hydrophobic interactions) and targeted (affinity) methods by scientists in academic/industry groups. In this review, we have focused on the study of both native and engineered Protein A to understand its mechanism in the purification of antibodies. What domain of Protein A dose interact with antibody? Where are contact regions? What is the non-covalent interaction mechanism of Protein A and antibody? Does alkaline condition, in the washing step, influence on antibody structure and activity? On the other hand, the immobilization of Protein A on various sorbents such as agarose, silica, polysaccharide, polymers, and magnetic nanoparticles have investigated. Also, the application of Protein A as biosensor for detection of the antibody is discussed. We have tried to find interesting and stimulating answers to all these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Zarrineh
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C, Evin, P.O.Box: 19835-389, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ilnaz Soleimani Mashhadi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C, Evin, P.O.Box: 19835-389, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Farhadpour
- National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C, Evin, P.O.Box: 19835-389, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Nanostructure ITO and Get More of It. Better Performance at Lower Cost. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101974. [PMID: 33028040 PMCID: PMC7600850 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we investigated how different growth conditions (i.e., temperature, growth time, and composition) allows for trading off cost (i.e., In content) and performance of nanostructured indium tin oxide (ITO) for biosensing applications. Next, we compared the behavior of these functionalized nanostructured surfaces obtained in different growth conditions between each other and with a standard thin film as a reference, observing improvements in effective detection area up to two orders of magnitude. This enhanced the biosensor’s sensitivity, with higher detection level, better accuracy and higher reproducibility. Results show that below 150 °C, the growth of ITO over the substrate forms a homogenous layer without any kind of nanostructuration. In contrast, at temperatures higher than 150 °C, a two-phase temperature-dependent growth was observed. We concluded that (i) nanowire length grows exponentially with temperature (activation energy 356 meV) and leads to optimal conditions in terms of both electroactive surface area and sensitivity at around 300 °C, (ii) longer times of growth than 30 min lead to larger active areas and (iii) the In content in a nanostructured film can be reduced by 10%, obtaining performances equivalent to those found in commercial flat-film ITO electrodes. In summary, this work shows how to produce appropriate materials with optimized cost and performances for different applications in biosensing.
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15
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Divya KP, Dharuman V. Electrochemical label free sensing of human IgG - Protein A interaction. Food Chem 2020; 339:127881. [PMID: 32866703 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel and rapid Electrochemical Immunosensing platform was developed for the direct sensing of antibody human immuno globulin gamma (IgG) interaction with virulence factor of S. aureus, staphylococcal protein A (SpA) in the presence of electroactive redox couple ferri/ferro cyanide (K3/K4[Fe(CN)6]). The receptor SpA was attached to BioPE-DOTAP binary lipid bilayer tethered on alkane thiol molecular cushions. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques were used to study the molecular interactions. The AFM images showed array like formation of BioPE-DOTAP on the monolayer surface. The IgG sensor showed a linear range from 10-21 M to 10-16 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karutha Pandian Divya
- Molecular Electronics Laboratory, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Venkataraman Dharuman
- Molecular Electronics Laboratory, Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India.
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Su Q, Xu P, Zhou L, Wu F, Dong A, Wan Y, Qian W. Real-Time and Label-Free Monitoring of Biomolecular Interactions within Complex Biological Media Using a Silica Colloidal Crystal Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:35950-35957. [PMID: 32693572 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A method capable of real-time and label-free monitoring of biomolecular interactions within whole blood, without any sample separation and label process, is described. This was accomplished using silica colloidal crystal (SCC) films, three-dimensionally ordered silica particle arrays whose interference effect is a function of their optical thickness, as interference-sensitive substrates. Interactions between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (SPA) conjugates with changes in the optical thickness of SCC films were monitored spectroscopically. Successful detection of IgG was achieved in the buffer and whole blood. This system constitutes a simple label-free analysis showing great potential in monitoring interactions between biomolecules in complex biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lele Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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17
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Zhou L, Su Q, Wu F, Wan Y, Xu P, Dong A, Li Q, Qian W. Using Reflectometric Interference Spectroscopy to Real-Time Monitor Amphiphile-Induced Orientational Responses of Liquid-Crystal-Loaded Silica Colloidal Crystal Films. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12071-12078. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lele Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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18
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Arshavsky-Graham S, Urmann K, Salama R, Massad-Ivanir N, Walter JG, Scheper T, Segal E. Aptamers vs. antibodies as capture probes in optical porous silicon biosensors. Analyst 2020; 145:4991-5003. [PMID: 32519701 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade aptamers have emerged as a promising class of bioreceptors for biosensing applications with significant advantages over conventional antibodies. However, experimental studies comparing aptasensors and immunosensors, under equivalent conditions, are limited and the results are inconclusive, in terms of benefits and limitations of each bioreceptor type. In the present work, the performance of aptamer and antibody bioreceptors for the detection of a his-tagged protein, used as a model target, is compared. The bioreceptors are immobilized onto a nanostructured porous silicon (PSi) thin film, used as the optical transducer, and the target protein is detected in a real-time and label-free format by reflective interferometric Fourier transform spectroscopy. For the antibodies, random-oriented immobilization onto the PSi nanostructure results in a poor biosensing performance. Contrary, Fc-oriented immobilization of the antibodies shows a similar biosensing performance to that exhibited by the aptamer-based biosensor, in terms of binding rate, dynamic detection range, limit of detection and selectivity. The aptasensor outperforms in terms of its reusability and storability, while the immunosensor could not be regenerated for subsequent experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Arshavsky-Graham
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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19
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Wu PJ, Peng H, Li C, Abdel-Latif A, Berron BJ. Adhesive stem cell coatings for enhanced retention in the heart tissue. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2930-2939. [PMID: 33225239 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Injection into the heart tissue is a direct route for optimally placing mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to regulate local inflammation following a heart attack. The retention of MSCs at the injection site is severely limited by the fluid flows that rapidly wash cells away and minimize their capacity to modulate cardiac inflammation. To prevent this loss of MSCs and their function, antibody coatings were designed for the surface of MSCs to enhance their adhesion to the inflamed tissue. MSCs were biotinylated, and biotinylated antibodies against intercellular cell adhesion molecules were conjugated to the cell surface through an intermediate layer of streptavidin. MSC surfaces were modified with ~7,000 biotin/μm2 and ~23 antibodies/μm2. The heart tissue injection of antibody-coated MSCs offered a 3-fold increase of cell retention in an infarcted heart over the injection of uncoated MSCs. We supported the mechanism of adhesion through analysis of MSC adhesion to inflamed endothelial cells and also surfaces of purified adhesion molecules on glass under microfluidic shear flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jung Wu
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Hsuan Peng
- College of medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Cong Li
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- College of medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Brad J Berron
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
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20
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Jones ECL, Bimbo LM. Crystallisation Behaviour of Pharmaceutical Compounds Confined within Mesoporous Silicon. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E214. [PMID: 32121652 PMCID: PMC7150833 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor aqueous solubility of new and existing drug compounds represents a significant challenge in pharmaceutical development, with numerous strategies currently being pursued to address this issue. Amorphous solids lack the repeating array of atoms in the structure and present greater free energy than their crystalline counterparts, which in turn enhances the solubility of the compound. The loading of drug compounds into porous materials has been described as a promising approach for the stabilisation of the amorphous state but is dependent on many factors, including pore size and surface chemistry of the substrate material. This review looks at the applications of mesoporous materials in the confinement of pharmaceutical compounds to increase their dissolution rate or modify their release and the influence of varying pore size to crystallise metastable polymorphs. We focus our attention on mesoporous silicon, due to the ability of its surface to be easily modified, enabling it to be stabilised and functionalised for the loading of various drug compounds. The use of neutron and synchrotron X-ray to examine compounds and the mesoporous materials in which they are confined is also discussed, moving away from the conventional analysis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis M. Bimbo
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK;
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21
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Miura Y, Seto H, Shibuya M, Hoshino Y. Biopolymer monolith for protein purification. Faraday Discuss 2019; 219:154-167. [PMID: 31313794 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00018f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Porous glycopolymers, "glycomonoliths", were prepared by radical polymerization based on polymerization-induced phase separation with an acrylamide derivative of α-mannose, acrylamide and cross-linker in order to investigate protein adsorption and separation. The porous structure was induced by a porogenic alcohol. The pore diameter and surface area were controlled by the type of alcohol. The protein adsorption was measured in both batch and continuous flow systems. The glycomonoliths showed specific interaction with the sugar recognition protein of concanavalin A, and non-specific interaction to other proteins was negligible. The amount of protein adsorption to the materials was determined by the sugar density and the composition of the glycomonoliths. Fundamental knowledge regarding the glycomonoliths for protein separation was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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22
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Porous Silicon-Based Aptasensors: The Next Generation of Label-Free Devices for Health Monitoring. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24122216. [PMID: 31200538 PMCID: PMC6630495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are artificial nucleic acid ligands identified and obtained from combinatorial libraries of synthetic nucleic acids through the in vitro process SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). Aptamers are able to bind an ample range of non-nucleic acid targets with great specificity and affinity. Devices based on aptamers as bio-recognition elements open up a new generation of biosensors called aptasensors. This review focuses on some recent achievements in the design of advanced label-free optical aptasensors using porous silicon (PSi) as a transducer surface for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms and diagnostic molecules with high sensitivity, reliability and low limit of detection (LoD).
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23
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Panwar V, Dutta T. Diatom Biogenic Silica as a Felicitous Platform for Biochemical Engineering: Expanding Frontiers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2295-2316. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Panwar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Tanmay Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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24
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Su Q, Wu F, Xu P, Dong A, Liu C, Wan Y, Qian W. Interference Effect of Silica Colloidal Crystal Films and Their Applications to Biosensing. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6080-6087. [PMID: 30994327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
With the aim to develop better and more reliable interference effective substrates, silica colloidal crystal films with different sphere diameters and film thicknesses were successfully made by an improved vertical deposition method and a systematic investigation of their reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) properties are presented in this work. The influence of silica sphere diameter and film thickness on the RIfS signals was studied. The results showed that the film thickness is the key factor of RIfS signals. An RIfS system was set up by using a silica colloidal crystal film as an interference effective substrate. The influence of film thickness on the response to refractive index changes of the proposed system was also investigated. When the influence of film thickness on RIfS signals and refractive index response we considered together, silica colloidal crystal films with a thickness between 4 and 6 μm were chosen for sensor construction. Monitoring the digestive process of gelatin with trypsin was also demonstrated by combining gelatin-modified silica colloidal crystal films with RIfS. The system showed excellent sensitivity with a wide linear range and could achieve real-time measurement of each process. It has been proved that this is a promising method to construct biosensors using silica colloidal crystal films as interference-sensitive substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics , Southeast University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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25
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Rodriguez GA, Markov P, Cartwright AP, Choudhury MH, Afzal FO, Cao T, Halimi SI, Retterer ST, Kravchenko II, Weiss SM. Photonic crystal nanobeam biosensors based on porous silicon. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:9536-9549. [PMID: 31045103 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.009536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystal (PhC) nanobeams (NB) patterned on porous silicon (PSi) waveguide substrates are demonstrated for the specific, label-free detection of oligonucleotides. These photonic structures combine the large active sensing area intrinsic to PSi sensors with the high-quality (Q) factor and low-mode volume characteristic of compact resonant silicon-on-insulator (SOI) PhC NB devices. The PSi PhC NB can achieve a Q-factor near 9,000 and has an approximately 40-fold increased active sensing area for molecular attachment, compared to traditional SOI PhC NB sensors. The PSi PhC NB exhibits a resonance shift that is more than one order of magnitude larger than that of a similarly designed SOI PhC NB for the detection of small chemical molecules and 16-base peptide nucleic acids. The design and fabrication of PSi PhC NB sensors are compatible with CMOS processing, sensor arrays, and integration with lab-on-chip systems.
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26
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Li Y, Li W, Zhang H, Dong R, Li D, Liu Y, Huang L, Lei B. Biomimetic preparation of silicon quantum dots and their phytophysiology effect on cucumber seedlings. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1107-1115. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02981d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a biomimetic synthetic strategy was proposed for a facile preparation of red fluorescent silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) using unicellular algae of diatoms as reaction precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture
- College of Materials and Energy
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture
- College of Materials and Energy
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- P. R. China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture
- College of Materials and Energy
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- P. R. China
| | - Riyue Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture
- College of Materials and Energy
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- P. R. China
| | - Dongna Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture
- College of Materials and Energy
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- P. R. China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture
- College of Materials and Energy
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE)
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture
- College of Materials and Energy
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- P. R. China
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27
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Park Y, Yoo J, Kang MH, Kwon W, Joo J. Photoluminescent and biodegradable porous silicon nanoparticles for biomedical imaging. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6271-6292. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01042d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A set of unique properties including biodegradability, intrinsic photoluminescence, and mesoporous structure allows porous silicon nanoparticles to address current challenges of translational nanomedicine, especially in biomedical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsang Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jounghyun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Hee Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Life Sciences
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Woosung Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Sookmyung Women's University
- Seoul 04310
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinmyoung Joo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Life Sciences
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
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28
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Pruna R, López M, Teixidor F. Tuning the deposition parameters for optimizing the faradaic and non-faradaic electrochemical performance of nanowire array-shaped ITO electrodes prepared by electron beam evaporation. NANOSCALE 2018; 11:276-284. [PMID: 30534714 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07908k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces present an interesting yet unusual combination of properties (high electrical conductivity and optical transparency) at a high surface-to-volume ratio. Thus, previous studies presented nanostructured ITO electrodes as potentially suitable platforms for electrochemical biosensors, but still there is a lack of research on the optimization of preparation methods for such electrodes. We present a systematic study on the properties of nanostructured ITO electrodes prepared by physical deposition, where the substrate temperature was tuned for achieving the best combination of structural properties (namely electrical conductivity and optical transparency) and electrochemical performance. Analysis of faradaic cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed to determine the electroactive surface area of the samples, and these results were benchmarked against those obtained by non-faradaic CV and Mott-Schottky (MS) analysis. The latter was useful to determine the dependence of some intrinsic features of the semiconductor on the substrate temperature during deposition. The results show that, out of a wide temperature range covering from 200 °C to 500 °C, there is a two-phase temperature-dependent growth, explained by the Stranski-Krastanov and self-catalytic vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) methods, and, on the other hand, that there is an optimal growth temperature at 300 °C that maximizes the electroactive surface area and sensitivity. This means that cost-effective electrodes can be prepared at low temperatures outperforming in terms of electroactive surface area, surface capacitance and sensitivity. As a proof-of-concept, nanostructured ITO electrodes were electrochemically derivatized with aryl diazonium salts (as a first step towards biochemical functionalization), and the performance of the optimized electrodes was tested in a real scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Pruna
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica i Biomèdica, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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29
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He W, Wu R, Yurkevich IV, Canham LT, Kaplan A. Reconstructing charge-carrier dynamics in porous silicon membranes from time-resolved interferometric measurements. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17172. [PMID: 30464311 PMCID: PMC6249267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed interferometric time-resolved simultaneous reflectance and transmittance measurements to investigate the carrier dynamics in pump-probe experiments on thin porous silicon membranes. The experimental data was analysed by using a method built on the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation and the Drude model, allowing us to reconstruct the excited carriers’ non-uniform distribution in space and its evolution in time. The analysis revealed that the carrier dynamics in porous silicon, with ~50% porosity and native oxide chemistry, is governed by the Shockley-Read-Hall recombination process with a characteristic time constant of 375 picoseconds, whereas diffusion makes an insignificant contribution as it is suppressed by the high rate of scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- College of Physics and Materials Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Rihan Wu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Igor V Yurkevich
- Nonlinearity and Complexity Research Group, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom
| | - Leigh T Canham
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrey Kaplan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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30
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Manj RZA, Chen X, Rehman WU, Zhu G, Luo W, Yang J. Big Potential From Silicon-Based Porous Nanomaterials: In Field of Energy Storage and Sensors. Front Chem 2018; 6:539. [PMID: 30467539 PMCID: PMC6235908 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) are the promising materials in the various applications due to their unique properties like large surface area, biocompatibility, stability, excellent optical and electrical properties. Surface, optical and electrical properties are highly dependent on particle size, doping of different materials and so on. Porous structures in silicon nanomaterials not only improve the specific surface area, adsorption, and photoluminescence efficiency but also provide numbers of voids as well as the high surface to volume ratio and enhance the adsorption ability. In this review, we focus on the significance of porous silicon/mesoporous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs/mSiNPs) in the applications of energy storage, sensors and bioscience. Silicon as anode material in the lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) faces a huge change in volume during charging/discharging which leads to cracking, electrical contact loss and unstable solid electrolyte interphase. To overcome challenges of Si anode in the LIBs, mSiNPs are the promising candidates with different structures and coating of different materials to enhance electrochemical properties. On the basis of optical properties with tunable wavelength, pSiNPs are catching good results in biosensors and gas sensors. The mSiNPs with different structures and modified surfaces are playing an important role in the detection of biomarkers, drug delivery and diagnosis of cancer and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Zafar Abbas Manj
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.,School of Physics and Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Waheed Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanjia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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31
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Yang XH, Huan LM, Chu XS, Sun Y, Shi QH. A comparative investigation of random and oriented immobilization of protein A ligands on the binding of immunoglobulin G. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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32
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The Influence of Quantum Confinement on Third-Order Nonlinearities in Porous Silicon Thin Films. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We present an experimental investigation into the third-order nonlinearity of conventional crystalline (c-Si) and porous (p-Si) silicon with Z-scan technique at 800-nm and 2.4- μ m wavelengths. The Gaussian decomposition method is applied to extract the nonlinear refractive index, n 2 , and the two-photon absorption (TPA) coefficient, β , from the experimental results. The nonlinear refractive index obtained for c-Si is 7 ± 2 × 10 − 6 cm 2 /GW and for p-Si is − 9 ± 3 × 10 − 5 cm 2 /GW. The TPA coefficient was found to be 2.9 ± 0.9 cm/GW and 1.0 ± 0.3 cm/GW for c-Si and p-Si, respectively. We show an enhancement of the nonlinear refraction and a suppression of TPA in p-Si in comparison to c-Si, and the enhancement gets stronger as the wavelength increases.
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33
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Chen YT, Medhi R, Nekrashevich I, Litvinov D, Xu S, Lee TR. Specific Detection of Proteins Using Exceptionally Responsive Magnetic Particles. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6749-6756. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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34
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Shi Y, Zhang Q, Zhai TT, Zhou Y, Yang DR, Wang FB, Xia XH. Localized surface plasmon resonance enhanced label-free photoelectrochemical immunoassay by Au-MoS2 nanohybrid. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.03.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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35
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Eckstein C, Acosta LK, Pol L, Xifré-Pérez E, Pallares J, Ferré-Borrull J, Marsal LF. Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Surface Modification by Electrostatic, Covalent, and Immune Complexation Binding Investigated by Capillary Filling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:10571-10579. [PMID: 29509406 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fluid imbibition-coupled laser interferometry (FICLI) technique has been applied to detect and quantify surface changes and pore dimension variations in nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) structures. FICLI is a noninvasive optical technique that permits the determination of the NAA average pore radius with high accuracy. In this work, the technique is applied after each step of different surface modification paths of the NAA pores: (i) electrostatic immobilization of bovine serum albumin (BSA), (ii) covalent attachment of streptavidin via (3-aminipropyl)-triethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde grafting, and (iii) immune complexation. Results show that BSA attachment can be detected as a reduction in estimated radius from FICLI with high accuracy and reproducibility. In the case of the covalent attachment of streptavidin, FICLI is able to recognize a multilayer formation of the silane and the protein. For immune complexation, the technique is able to detect different antibody-antigen bindings and distinguish different dynamics among different immune species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Eckstein
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Laura K Acosta
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Laura Pol
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Elisabet Xifré-Pérez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Josep Pallares
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Josep Ferré-Borrull
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Nano-electronic and Photonic Systems (NePhoS) group, Avda. Països Catalans 26 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain
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Fabrication and Optimization of Bilayered Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Structures as Multi-Point Interferometric Sensing Platform. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18020470. [PMID: 29415436 PMCID: PMC5855889 DOI: 10.3390/s18020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present an innovative strategy for optimizing hierarchical structures of nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) to advance their optical sensing performance toward multi-analyte biosensing. This approach is based on the fabrication of multilayered NAA and the formation of differential effective medium of their structure by controlling three fabrication parameters (i.e., anodization steps, anodization time, and pore widening time). The rationale of the proposed concept is that interferometric bilayered NAA (BL-NAA), which features two layers of different pore diameters, can provide distinct reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) signatures for each layer within the NAA structure and can therefore potentially be used for multi-point biosensing. This paper presents the structural fabrication of layered NAA structures, and the optimization and evaluation of their RIfS optical sensing performance through changes in the effective optical thickness (EOT) using quercetin as a model molecule. The bilayered or funnel-like NAA structures were designed with the aim of characterizing the sensitivity of both layers of quercetin molecules using RIfS and exploring the potential of these photonic structures, featuring different pore diameters, for simultaneous size-exclusion and multi-analyte optical biosensing. The sensing performance of the prepared NAA platforms was examined by real-time screening of binding reactions between human serum albumin (HSA)-modified NAA (i.e., sensing element) and quercetin (i.e., analyte). BL-NAAs display a complex optical interference spectrum, which can be resolved by fast Fourier transform (FFT) to monitor the EOT changes, where three distinctive peaks were revealed corresponding to the top, bottom, and total layer within the BL-NAA structures. The spectral shifts of these three characteristic peaks were used as sensing signals to monitor the binding events in each NAA pore in real-time upon exposure to different concentrations of quercetin. The multi-point sensing performance of BL-NAAs was determined for each pore layer, with an average sensitivity and low limit of detection of 600 nm (mg mL−1)−1 and 0.14 mg mL−1, respectively. BL-NAAs photonic structures have the capability to be used as platforms for multi-point RIfS sensing of biomolecules that can be further extended for simultaneous size-exclusion separation and multi-analyte sensing using these bilayered nanostructures.
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Kammer MN, Kussrow AK, Bornhop DJ. Longitudinal pixel averaging for improved compensation in backscattering interferometry. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:482-485. [PMID: 29400820 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal averaging of the interference pattern in a compensated backscattering interferometer provides improved compensation for temperature induced refractive index perturbations. Fringe pattern likeness between two discrete detection regions of an off-the-shelf microfluidic chip illuminated by an inexpensive diode laser scales with interrogation length. Averaging the intensity distribution along a 2.75 mm length of the channel results in a 750-fold reduction in sensitivity to temperature and a baseline noise level of 3×10-8 refractive index units (RIU). These observations enable nanoliter-volume interferometric measurements at a level of 10-7 RIU in the presence of a 2°C temperature variation without the need for temperature control.
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38
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McInnes SJP, Santos A, Kumeria T. Porous Silicon Particles for Cancer Therapy and Bioimaging. NANOONCOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89878-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Koukouvinos G, Petrou P, Goustouridis D, Misiakos K, Kakabakos S, Raptis I. Development and Bioanalytical Applications of a White Light Reflectance Spectroscopy Label-Free Sensing Platform. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2017; 7:bios7040046. [PMID: 29027976 PMCID: PMC5746769 DOI: 10.3390/bios7040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of a sensing platform based on white light reflectance spectroscopy (WLRS) is presented. The evolution of the system, from polymer film characterization and sensing of volatile organic compounds to biosensor for the label-free determination of either high (e.g., proteins) or low molecular weight analytes (e.g., pesticides), is described. At the same time, the passage from single to multi-analyte determinations, and from a laboratory prototype set-up to a compact device appropriate for on-site determination, is outlined. The improvements made on both the sensor and the optical set-up, and the concomitant advances in the analytical characteristics and the robustness of the assays performed with the different layouts, are also presented. Finally, the future perspectives of the system, aiming for the creation of a standalone instrument to be used by non-experts, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Koukouvinos
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Goustouridis
- ThetaMetrisis S.A., 12243 Egaleo, Greece.
- Department of Electronics Engineering TEI of Piraeus, 12244 Egaleo, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Misiakos
- Optical sensors Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
| | - Sotirios Kakabakos
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Raptis
- ThetaMetrisis S.A., 12243 Egaleo, Greece.
- Optical sensors Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece.
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40
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Kumeria T, McInnes SJP, Maher S, Santos A. Porous silicon for drug delivery applications and theranostics: recent advances, critical review and perspectives. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2017; 14:1407-1422. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1317245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Kumeria
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Steven J. P. McInnes
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia
| | - Shaheer Maher
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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41
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Li P, Jia Z, Lü G. Hydatid detection using the near-infrared transmission angular spectra of porous silicon microcavity biosensors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44798. [PMID: 28317861 PMCID: PMC5357916 DOI: 10.1038/srep44798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydatid, which is a parasitic disease, occurs today in many regions worldwide. Because it can present a serious threat to people's health, finding a fast, convenient, and economical means of detection is important. This paper proposes a label- and spectrophotometer-free apparatus that uses optical biological detection based on porous silicon microcavities. In this approach, the refractive index change induced by the biological reactions of a sample in a porous silicon microcavity is detected by measuring the change in the incidence angle corresponding to the maximum transmitted intensity of a near-infrared probe laser. This paper reports that the proposed method can achieve the label-free detection of 43 kDa molecular weight hydatid disease antigens with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Zhenhong Jia
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Guodong Lü
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
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Law CS, Sylvia GM, Nemati M, Yu J, Losic D, Abell AD, Santos A. Engineering of Surface Chemistry for Enhanced Sensitivity in Nanoporous Interferometric Sensing Platforms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8929-8940. [PMID: 28240862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We explore new approaches to engineering the surface chemistry of interferometric sensing platforms based on nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) and reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). Two surface engineering strategies are presented, namely (i) selective chemical functionalization of the inner surface of NAA pores with amine-terminated thiol molecules and (ii) selective chemical functionalization of the top surface of NAA with dithiol molecules. The strong molecular interaction of Au3+ ions with thiol-containing functional molecules of alkane chain or peptide character provides a model sensing system with which to assess the sensitivity of these NAA platforms by both molecular feature and surface engineering. Changes in the effective optical thickness of the functionalized NAA photonic films (i.e., sensing principle), in response to gold ions, are monitored in real-time by RIfS. 6-Amino-1-hexanethiol (inner surface) and 1,6-hexanedithiol (top surface), the most sensitive functional molecules from approaches i and ii, respectively, were combined into a third sensing strategy whereby the NAA platforms are functionalized on both the top and inner surfaces concurrently. Engineering of the surface according to this approach resulted in an additive enhancement in sensitivity of up to 5-fold compared to previously reported systems. This study advances the rational engineering of surface chemistry for interferometric sensing on nanoporous platforms with potential applications for real-time monitoring of multiple analytes in dynamic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Suwen Law
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Georgina M Sylvia
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Madieh Nemati
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Jingxian Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Abel Santos
- School of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), and ∥ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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43
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Tseng P, Zhao S, Golding A, Applegate MB, Mitropoulos AN, Kaplan DL, Omenetto FG. Evaluation of Silk Inverse Opals for "Smart" Tissue Culture. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:470-477. [PMID: 30023608 PMCID: PMC6044746 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Visually tracking the subtle aspects of biological systems in real time during tissue culture remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the use of bioactive, cytocompatible, and biodegradable inverse opals from silk as a multifunctional substrate to transduce both the optical information and cells during tissue culture. We show that these substrates can visually track substrate degradation in various proteases during tissue digestion and protein deposition during the growth of mesenchymal stem cells. Uniquely, these substrates can be integrated in multiple steps of tissue culture for simple-to-use, visual, and quantitative detectors of bioactivity. These substrates can also be doped, demonstrated here with gold nanoparticles, to allow additional control of cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tseng
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Siwei Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Annie Golding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Matthew B. Applegate
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Alexander N. Mitropoulos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Fiorenzo G. Omenetto
- Silklab, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Suite 4875, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Department of Physics, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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44
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Pérez-Fuentes L, Drummond C, Faraudo J, Bastos-González D. Interaction of organic ions with proteins. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:1120-1131. [PMID: 28093583 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02048h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study we have investigated how different proteins interact with big organic ions. Two ions that are similar in size and chemical structure (Ph4B- anion and Ph4As+ cation) were studied. The proteins chosen are the two major allergenic proteins of cow's milk, β-lactoglobulin and β-casein, and bovine serum albumin, BSA, as the reference protein. First, a quantitative study to determine the hydrophobic degree of the proteins was performed. Then, electrokinetic and stability measurements on protein-coated polystyrene (PS) microspheres as a function of the tetraphenyl ion concentration were carried out. Our results show that the affinity of the organic ions depends on the hydrophobicity of the interface. Big charge inversions and re-stabilization patterns were observed at very low concentrations of tetraphenyl ions for the most hydrophobic protein studied (with β-casein). Besides, the ionic concentrations needed to destabilize these colloidal systems were roughly one order of magnitude lower for the anion than for the cation. In addition, we studied conformational changes of the adsorbed proteins with a quartz crystal microbalance. Proteins were adsorbed onto hydrophobic flat substrates and then exposed to the tetraphenyl ions. The protein films swelled or collapsed as a function of the accumulation of tetraphenyl ions. Similarly to the electrokinetic/stability studies, the ionic concentration necessary to trigger structural changes of the protein films was one order of magnitude larger for the cation than for the anion. All the results evidence that the accumulation of these organic ions on an interface depends directly on its degree of hydrophobicity. We attribute the different interactions of the anion and the cation with these interfaces to their dissimilar hydration, which makes the anion show a more hydrophobic behaviour than the cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Pérez-Fuentes
- Biocolloid and Fluid Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics. University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Carlos Drummond
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), UPR 8641, F3300, Pessac, France. and Université de Bordeaux, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Jordi Faraudo
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Carrer dels Tillers s/n, Campus de la UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Delfi Bastos-González
- Biocolloid and Fluid Physics Group, Department of Applied Physics. University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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45
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Bussi Y, Holtzman L, Shagan A, Segal E, Mizrahi B. Light-triggered antifouling coatings for porous silicon optical transducers. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonit Bussi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
- Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Liran Holtzman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Alona Shagan
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
- Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Boaz Mizrahi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
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46
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Urmann K, Reich P, Walter JG, Beckmann D, Segal E, Scheper T. Rapid and label-free detection of protein a by aptamer-tethered porous silicon nanostructures. J Biotechnol 2017; 257:171-177. [PMID: 28131857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein A, which is secreted by and displayed on the cell membrane of Staphylococcus aureus is an important biomarker for S. aureus. Thus, its rapid and specific detection may facilitate the pathogen identification and initiation of proper treatment. Herein, we present a simple, label-free and rapid optical biosensor enabling specific detection of protein A. Protein A-binding aptamer serves as the capture probe and is immobilized onto a nanostructured porous silicon thin film, which serves as the optical transducer element. We demonstrate high sensitivity of the biosensor with a linear detection range between 8 and 23μM. The apparent dissociation constant was determined as 13.98μM and the LoD is 3.17μM. Harnessing the affinity between protein A and antibodies, a sandwich assay format was developed to amplify the optical signal associated with protein A capture by the aptamer. Using this approach, we increase the sensitivity of the biosensor, resulting in a three times lower LoD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Urmann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hanover, Germany; Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - Peggy Reich
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hanover, Germany; Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V., Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Johanna-Gabriela Walter
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hanover, Germany
| | - Dieter Beckmann
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques e.V., Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 32000 Haifa, Israel.
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 5, 30167 Hanover, Germany.
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47
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Kondrashova D, Lauerer A, Mehlhorn D, Jobic H, Feldhoff A, Thommes M, Chakraborty D, Gommes C, Zecevic J, de Jongh P, Bunde A, Kärger J, Valiullin R. Scale-dependent diffusion anisotropy in nanoporous silicon. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40207. [PMID: 28106047 PMCID: PMC5247748 DOI: 10.1038/srep40207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoporous silicon produced by electrochemical etching of highly B-doped p-type silicon wafers can be prepared with tubular pores imbedded in a silicon matrix. Such materials have found many technological applications and provide a useful model system for studying phase transitions under confinement. This paper reports a joint experimental and simulation study of diffusion in such materials, covering displacements from molecular dimensions up to tens of micrometers with carefully selected probe molecules. In addition to mass transfer through the channels, diffusion (at much smaller rates) is also found to occur in directions perpendicular to the channels, thus providing clear evidence of connectivity. With increasing displacements, propagation in both axial and transversal directions is progressively retarded, suggesting a scale-dependent, hierarchical distribution of transport resistances (“constrictions” in the channels) and of shortcuts (connecting “bridges”) between adjacent channels. The experimental evidence from these studies is confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in the range of atomistic displacements and rationalized with a simple model of statistically distributed “constrictions” and “bridges” for displacements in the micrometer range via dynamic Monte Carlo (DMC) simulation. Both ranges are demonstrated to be mutually transferrable by DMC simulations based on the pore space topology determined by electron tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Kondrashova
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences, Linnéstraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.,University of Gießen, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Alexander Lauerer
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences, Linnéstraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Mehlhorn
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences, Linnéstraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hervé Jobic
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement - CNRS 2, Avenue Albert-Einstein, F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Armin Feldhoff
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Callinstr. 3-3A, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Thommes
- Quantachrome Ins., 1900 Corporate Drive, Boynton Beach, Florida 33426, USA
| | - Dipanjan Chakraborty
- Indian Institute of Science Education &Research Mohali, Sec 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli - 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Cedric Gommes
- Utrecht University, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sorbonnelaan 16, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jovana Zecevic
- Utrecht University, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sorbonnelaan 16, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Petra de Jongh
- Utrecht University, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sorbonnelaan 16, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Armin Bunde
- University of Gießen, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Jörg Kärger
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences, Linnéstraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rustem Valiullin
- University of Leipzig, Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences, Linnéstraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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48
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Chhasatia R, Sweetman MJ, Harding FJ, Waibel M, Kay T, Thomas H, Loudovaris T, Voelcker NH. Non-invasive, in vitro analysis of islet insulin production enabled by an optical porous silicon biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 91:515-522. [PMID: 28082240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A label-free porous silicon (pSi) based, optical biosensor, using both an antibody and aptamer bioreceptor motif has been developed for the detection of insulin. Two parallel biosensors were designed and optimised independently, based on each bioreceptor. Both bioreceptors were covalently attached to a thermally hydrosilylated pSi surface though amide coupling, with unreacted surface area rendered stable and low fouling by incorporation of PEG moieties. The insulin detection ability of each biosensor was determined using interferometric reflectance spectroscopy, using a range of different media both with and without serum. Sensing performance was compared in terms of response value, response time and limit of detection (LOD) for each platform. In order to demonstrate the capability of the best performing biosensor to detect insulin from real samples, an in vitro investigation with the aptamer-modified surface was performed. This biosensor was exposed to buffer conditioned by glucose-stimulated human islets, with the result showing a positive response and a high degree of selectivity towards insulin capture. The obtained results correlated well with the ELISA used in the clinic for assaying glucose-stimulated insulin release from donor islets. We anticipate that this type of sensor can be applied as a rapid point-of-use biosensor to assess the quality of donor islets in terms of their insulin production efficiency, prior to transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Chhasatia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Martin J Sweetman
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Hanson Institute and Samson Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Frances J Harding
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Michaela Waibel
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Tom Kay
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Helen Thomas
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Thomas Loudovaris
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia.
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49
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High Sensitivity Detection of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot-Labeled DNA Based on N-type Porous Silicon Microcavities. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17010080. [PMID: 28045442 PMCID: PMC5298653 DOI: 10.3390/s17010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-type macroporous silicon microcavity structures were prepared using electrochemical etching in an HF solution in the absence of light and oxidants. The CdSe/ZnS water-soluble quantum dot-labeled DNA target molecules were detected by monitoring the microcavity reflectance spectrum, which was characterized by the reflectance spectrum defect state position shift resulting from changes to the structures’ refractive index. Quantum dots with a high refractive index and DNA coupling can improve the detection sensitivity by amplifying the optical response signals of the target DNA. The experimental results show that DNA combined with a quantum dot can improve the sensitivity of DNA detection by more than five times.
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50
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Qu C, Kaitainen S, Kröger H, Lappalainen R, Lammi MJ. Behavior of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Various Titanium-Based Coatings. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9100827. [PMID: 28773947 PMCID: PMC5456604 DOI: 10.3390/ma9100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition and texture of titanium coatings can influence the growth characteristics of the adhered cells. An enhanced proliferation of the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) would be beneficial. The present study was aimed to investigate whether titanium deposited at different atmospheres would affect the cell growth properties, cellular morphology, and expression of surface markers of hMSCs. Titanium-based coatings were deposited on silicon wafers under oxygen, nitrogen, or argon atmospheres by ultra-short pulsed laser deposition using two different gas pressures followed by heating at 400 °C for 2 h. The characteristics of the coated surfaces were determined via contact angle, zeta potential, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Human MSCs were cultivated on differently coated silicon wafers for 48 h. Subsequently, the cell proliferation rates were analyzed with an MTT assay. The phenotype of hMSCs was checked via immunocytochemical stainings of MSC-associated markers CD73, CD90, and CD105, and the adhesion, spreading, and morphology of hMSCs on coated materials via SEM. The cell proliferation rates of the hMSCs were similar on all coated silicon wafers. The hMSCs retained the MSC phenotype by expressing MSC-associated markers and fibroblast-like morphology with cellular projections. Furthermore, no significant differences could be found in the size of the cells when cultured on all various coated surfaces. In conclusion, despite certain differences in the contact angles and the zeta potentials of various titanium-based coatings, no single coating markedly improved the growth characteristics of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden.
| | - Salla Kaitainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland.
| | - Heikki Kröger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
| | - Reijo Lappalainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland.
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden.
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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