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Harvey L, Schweins R, Morfin I, Chahine G, Brotons G, Bouteiller L, Nicol E, Colombani O. Photo-responsive supramolecular polymer bottle-brushes: The key role of the solvent on self-assembly and responsiveness. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 670:409-416. [PMID: 38772257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes (SPBs) consist in the 1D self-assembly of building blocks composed of a self-assembling core with pendant polymer arms. Kinetic hurdles often hinder their stimuli-responsiveness in solution. Changing the nature of the solvent should alleviate these hurdles by modulating the self-association strength, leading to stimuli-responsive SPBs. EXPERIMENTS The SPBs were formed, in various solvents, by hydrogen bond-driven self-assembly of an azobenzene-bisurea decorated with poly(ethylene oxide) polymer arms. The photo-isomerization of the azobenzene unit was studied by UV/visible spectroscopy and proton NMR spectroscopy, whereas the consequences on supramolecular self-assembly were studied by small angle neutron and X-ray scattering. FINDINGS In water, the assembly was previously shown to be driven by both hydrogen-bonds and strong hydrophobic effects, the latter rendering the system kinetically frozen and the disassembly irreversible. Here we show that in organic solvents such as toluene or chloroform, reversible light-responsive dissociation is achieved. Solvophobic effects in these solvents are expected to be much weaker than in water, which probably allows reversibility of the light-response in the former solvents. The key role of the solvent on the reversibility of the process opens up new perspectives for the design of stimuli-responsive SPBs and their applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Harvey
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue - Paul Langevin, DS / LSS, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Gilbert Chahine
- SIMaP, Grenoble INP, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Guillaume Brotons
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Erwan Nicol
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Olivier Colombani
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
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2
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Mao L, Han X, Zheng H, Zheng L, Fang Q, Wang C, Wang F. A triphenylamine-benzofuran-derived fluorescent probe for monitoring sulfite in Chinese medicinal materials and bioimaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 317:124463. [PMID: 38749205 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a triphenylamine-benzofuran-derived fluorescent probe TBSF was developed for monitoring the sulfite level in Chinese medicinal materials and imaging in living cells. In the testing system, under 445 nm excitation, TBSF responded to sulfite steadily with a 540 nm fluorescence reporting signal. The testing system showed advantages including high sensitivity, rapid response, and high selectivity. In particular, TBSF achieved the sulfite detection in the water decoction of Chinese medicinal materials from both addition and excessive fumigation. It also realized the intracellular imaging of both exogenous and endogenous sulfite in living HepG2 cells. The imaging in water decoction-treated cells inferred the potential for the interdisciplinary detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisi Mao
- Department of Pharmacy, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Xionggao Han
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321002, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Lixiang Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Qiongyan Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Chaoyue Wang
- Jinhua Advanced Research Institute, Jinhua 321019, China.
| | - Fengping Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, China.
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3
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Chakraborty C, Rajak A, Das A. Shape-tunable two-dimensional assemblies from chromophore-conjugated crystallizable poly(L-lactides) with chain-length-dependent photophysical properties. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13019-13028. [PMID: 38894626 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01683a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This work reports temperature-dependent shape-changeable two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures by crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) from a chromophore-conjugated poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) homopolymer (PTZ-P1) that contained a polar dye, phenothiazine (PTZ), at the chain-end of the crystallizable PLLA. The CDSA of PTZ-P1 in a polar solvent, isopropanol (iPrOH), by an uncontrolled heating-cooling process, majorly generates lozenge-shaped 2D platelets via chain-folding-mediated crystallization of the PLLA core, leading to the display of the phenothiazines on the 2D surface that confers colloidal stability and orange-emitting luminescent properties to the crystal lamellae. Isothermal crystallization at 60 °C causes a morphological change in PTZ-P1 platelets from lozenge to truncated-lozenge to perfect hexagon under different annealing times, while no shape change was noticed in the structurally similar PTZ-P2 polymer with a longer PLLA chain under similar conditions. This study unveils the complex link between the 2D platelet morphologies and degree of polymerization (DP) of PLLA and the corona-forming dye character. Further, the co-assembly potential of PTZ-P1 with hydrophobic pyrene-terminated PLLAs of varying chain lengths (PY-P1, PY-P2, and PY-P3) was examined, as these two dyes could form a Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) pair on the 2D surface. The impact of the length of the crystallizable PLLA on the photophysical properties of the surface-occupied chromophores revealed crucial insights into interchromophoric interactions on the platelet surface. A reduction in the propensity for π-stacking with increasing chain-folding in longer PLLAs is manifested in the chain-length-dependent FRET efficiencies and excimer emission lifetimes within the resultant monolayered 2D assemblies. The unconventional "butterfly-shaped" molecular architecture of the tested phenothiazine, combined with its varied functional features and polar character, adds a distinctive dimension to the underdeveloped field of CDSA of chromophore-conjugated poly(L-lactides), opening future avenues for the development of advanced nanostructured biodegradable 2D materials with programmable morphology and optical functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhandita Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja. S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Aritra Rajak
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja. S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja. S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
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4
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Yu X, Song Q. Comprehensive Study of Artificial Light-Harvesting Systems with a Multi-Step Sequential Energy Transfer Mechanism. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404269. [PMID: 38874326 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Artificial light-harvesting systems (LHSs) with a multi-step sequential energy transfer mechanism significantly enhance light energy utilization. Nonetheless, most of these systems exhibit an overall energy transfer efficiency below 80%. Moreover, due to challenges in molecularly aligning multiple donor/acceptor chromophores, systems featuring ≥3-step sequential energy transfer are rarely reported. Here, a series of artificial LHSs is introduced featuring up to 4-step energy transfer mechanism, constructed using a cyclic peptide-based supramolecular scaffold. These LHSs showed remarkably high energy transfer efficiencies (≥90%) and satisfactory fluorescence quantum yields (ranging from 17.6% to 58.4%). Furthermore, the structural robustness of the supramolecular scaffold enables a comprehensive study of these systems, elucidating the associated energy transfer pathways, and identifying additional energy transfer processes beyond the targeted sequential energy transfer. Overall, this comprehensive investigation not only enhances the understanding of these LHSs, but also underscores the versatility of cyclic peptide-based supramolecular scaffolds in advancing energy harvesting technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xu Yu
- Institute of Innovation Materials and Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Qiao Song
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Guangming Advanced Research Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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5
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Bokotial D, Bhattacharyya S, Arunkumar S, Das T, Mini Rajendran GR, Chowdhury A. Multi Stimuli Responsive Dual Aggregation-Induced Emission and Photochromic Behavior of a Tetraphenyl Substituted Triphenylamine Derivative and its Application as Anti-counterfeiting Agent. Chemistry 2024:e202402086. [PMID: 38865099 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
A multi-stimuli responsive tetraphenyl substituted tripehnylamine-based aggregation induced emissive (AIE) material coupled with spiropyran was prepared. Owing to the presence of AIE and photochromic moiety, the molecule exhibits emissive aggregates, photochromism, and acidochromism. The multiple stimuli sensitive behavior of the molecule was explored for anti-counterfeiting behavior on TLC plate and commercial banknotes. The fluorogenic and photogenic response under UV and visible light established the potential of the candidate as a new generation encryption material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikshit Bokotial
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India
| | - Soumalya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - S Arunkumar
- Department of Chemistry, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, India
| | - Trisha Das
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India
| | - Gokul Raj Mini Rajendran
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 84215, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Aniket Chowdhury
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India
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6
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Shao L, Hu D, Zheng SL, Trinh TKH, Zhou W, Wang H, Zong Y, Li C, Chen CL. Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Multidimensional Functional Materials from Sequence-Defined Peptoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403263. [PMID: 38657031 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Hierarchical self-assembly represents a powerful strategy for the fabrication of functional materials across various length scales. However, achieving precise formation of functional hierarchical assemblies remains a significant challenge and requires a profound understanding of molecular assembly interactions. In this study, we present a molecular-level understanding of the hierarchical assembly of sequence-defined peptoids into multidimensional functional materials, including twisted nanotube bundles serving as a highly efficient artificial light harvesting system. By employing synchrotron-based powder X-ray diffraction and analyzing single crystal structures of model compounds, we elucidated the molecular packing and mechanisms underlying the assembly of peptoids into multidimensional nanostructures. Our findings demonstrate that incorporating aromatic functional groups, such as tetraphenyl ethylene (TPE), at the termini of assembling peptoid sequences promotes the formation of twisted bundles of nanotubes and nanosheets, thus enabling the creation of a highly efficient artificial light harvesting system. This research exemplifies the potential of leveraging sequence-defined synthetic polymers to translate microscopic molecular structures into macroscopic assemblies. It holds promise for the development of functional materials with precisely controlled hierarchical structures and designed functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Dehong Hu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Thi Kim Hoang Trinh
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Department of Materials Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yanxu Zong
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Changning Li
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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7
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Lei Y, Wang Y, Hill SK, Cheng Z, Song Q, Perrier S. Supra-Fluorophores: Ultrabright Fluorescent Supramolecular Assemblies Derived from Conventional Fluorophores in Water. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401346. [PMID: 38416605 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent organic nanoparticles (NPs) with exceptional brightness hold significant promise for demanding fluorescence bioimaging applications. Although considerable efforts are invested in developing novel organic dyes with enhanced performance, augmenting the brightness of conventional fluorophores is still one of the biggest challenges to overcome. This study presents a supramolecular strategy for constructing ultrabright fluorescent nanoparticles in aqueous media (referred to as "Supra-fluorophores") derived from conventional fluorophores. To achieve this, this course has employed a cylindrical nanoparticle with a hydrophobic microdomain, assembled by a cyclic peptide-diblock copolymer conjugate in water, as a supramolecular scaffold. The noncovalent dispersion of fluorophore moieties within the hydrophobic microdomain of the scaffold effectively mitigates the undesired aggregation-caused quenching and fluorescence quenching by water, resulting in fluorescent NPs with high brightness. This strategy is applicable to a broad spectrum of fluorophore families, covering polyaromatic hydrocarbons, coumarins, boron-dipyrromethenes, cyanines, xanthenes, and squaraines. The resulting fluorescent NPs demonstrate high fluorescence quantum yield (>30%) and brightness per volume (as high as 12 060 m-1 cm-1 nm-3). Moreover, high-performance NPs with emission in the NIR region are constructed, showcasing up to 20-fold increase in both brightness and photostability. This Supra-fluorophore strategy offers a versatile and effective method for transforming existing fluorophores into ultrabright fluorescent NPs in aqueous environments, for applications such as bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lei
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sophie K Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Zihe Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Qiao Song
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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8
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Gorman J, Hart SM, John T, Castellanos MA, Harris D, Parsons MF, Banal JL, Willard AP, Schlau-Cohen GS, Bathe M. Sculpting photoproducts with DNA origami. Chem 2024; 10:1553-1575. [PMID: 38827435 PMCID: PMC11138899 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Natural light-harvesting systems spatially organize densely packed dyes in different configurations to either transport excitons or convert them into charge photoproducts, with high efficiency. In contrast, artificial photosystems like organic solar cells and light-emitting diodes lack this fine structural control, limiting their efficiency. Thus, biomimetic multi-dye systems are needed to organize dyes with the sub-nanometer spatial control required to sculpt resulting photoproducts. Here, we synthesize 11 distinct perylene diimide (PDI) dimers integrated into DNA origami nanostructures and identify dimer architectures that offer discrete control over exciton transport versus charge separation. The large structural-space and site-tunability of origami uniquely provides controlled PDI dimer packing to form distinct excimer photoproducts, which are sensitive to interdye configurations. In the future, this platform enables large-scale programmed assembly of dyes mimicking natural systems to sculpt distinct photophysical products needed for a broad range of optoelectronic devices, including solar energy converters and quantum information processors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Gorman
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Stephanie M. Hart
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Torsten John
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Maria A. Castellanos
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Dvir Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Molly F. Parsons
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James L. Banal
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Adam P. Willard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Mark Bathe
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Lead contact
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9
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Bokotial D, Acharyya K, Chowdhury A, Mukherjee PS. Pt(II)/Pd(II)-Based Metallosupramolecular Architectures as Light Harvesting Systems and their Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401136. [PMID: 38379203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The development of artificial light-harvesting systems mimicking the natural photosynthesis method is an ever-growing field of research. Numerous systems such as polymers, metal complexes, POFs, COFs, supramolecular frameworks etc. have been fabricated to accomplish more efficient energy transfer and storage. Among them, the supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) formed by non-covalent metal-ligand interaction, have shown the capacity to not only undergo single and multistep energy migration but also to utilize the harvested energy for a wide variety of applications such as photocatalysis, tunable emissive systems, encrypted anti-counterfeiting materials, white light emitters etc. This review sheds light on the light-harvesting behavior of both the 2D metallacycles and 3D metallacages where design ingenuity has been executed to afford energy harvesting by both donor ligands as well as metal acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikshit Bokotial
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, Mizoram, India
| | - Koushik Acharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka
| | - Aniket Chowdhury
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, Mizoram, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institution of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka
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10
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Chen D, Xiao T, Monflier É, Wang L. Multi-step FRET systems based on discrete supramolecular assemblies. Commun Chem 2024; 7:88. [PMID: 38637669 PMCID: PMC11026437 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the excited state of the donor to the ground state of the acceptor is one of the most important fluorescence mechanisms and has wide applications in light-harvesting systems, light-mediated therapy, bioimaging, optoelectronic devices, and information security fields. The phenomenon of sequential energy transfer in natural photosynthetic systems provides great inspiration for scientists to make full use of light energy. In recent years, discrete supramolecular assemblies (DSAs) have been successively constructed to incorporate donor and multiple acceptors, and to achieve multi-step FRET between them. This perspective describes recent advances in the fabrication and application of DSAs with multi-step FRET. These DSAs are categorized based on the non-covalent scaffolds, such as amphiphilic nanoparticles, host-guest assemblies, metal-coordination scaffolds, and biomolecular scaffolds. This perspective will also outline opportunities and future challenges in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengli Chen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Tangxin Xiao
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China.
| | - Éric Monflier
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), Faculté des Sciences Jean Perrin, Univ. Artois, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Lille, UMR 8181, Lens, France.
| | - Leyong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Yu S, Zhu RX, Niu KK, Han N, Liu H, Xing LB. Switchover from singlet oxygen to superoxide radical through a photoinduced two-step sequential energy transfer process. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1870-1878. [PMID: 38303940 PMCID: PMC10829035 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05820d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The competitive nature of type II photosensitizers in the transfer of excitation energy for the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) presents significant challenges in the design of type I photosensitizers to produce the superoxide anion radical (O2˙-). In this study, we present an efficient method for the direct transformation of type II photosensitizers into type I photosensitizers through the implementation of an artificial light-harvesting system (ALHSs) involving a two-step sequential energy transfer process. The designed supramolecular complex (DNPY-SBE-β-CD) not only has the ability to generate 1O2 as type II photosensitizers, but also demonstrates remarkable fluorescence properties in aqueous solution, which renders it an efficient energy donor for the development of type I photosensitizers ALHSs, thereby enabling the efficient generation of O2˙-. Meanwhile, to ascertain the capability and practicality of this method, two organic reactions were conducted, namely the photooxidation reaction of thioanisole and oxidative hydroxylation of arylboronic acids, both of which display a high level of efficiency and exhibit significant catalytic performance. This work provides an efficient method for turning type II photosensitizers into type I photosensitizers by a two-step sequential energy transfer procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Kai-Kai Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven Leuven 3001 Belgium
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology Zibo Shandong 255000 P. R. China
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12
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Mu B, Hao X, Luo X, Yang Z, Lu H, Tian W. Bioinspired polymeric supramolecular columns as efficient yet controllable artificial light-harvesting platform. Nat Commun 2024; 15:903. [PMID: 38291054 PMCID: PMC10827788 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Light-harvesting is an indispensable process in photosynthesis, and researchers have been exploring various structural scaffolds to create artificial light-harvesting systems. However, achieving high donor/acceptor ratios for efficient energy transfer remains a challenge as excitons need to travel longer diffusion lengths within the donor matrix to reach the acceptor. Here, we report a polymeric supramolecular column-based light-harvesting platform inspired by the natural light-harvesting of purple photosynthetic bacteria to address this issue. The supramolecular column is designed as a discotic columnar liquid crystalline polymer and acts as the donor, with the acceptor intercalated within it. The modular columnar design enables an ultrahigh donor/acceptor ratio of 20000:1 and an antenna effect exceeding 100. Moreover, the spatial confinement within the supramolecular columns facilitates control over the energy transfer process, enabling dynamic full-color tunable emission for information encryption applications with spatiotemporal regulation security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Mu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiangnan Hao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zhongke Yang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Huanjun Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
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13
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Takahashi S, Matsumoto T, Hollamby MJ, Miyasaka H, Vacha M, Sotome H, Yagai S. Impact of Ring-Closing on the Photophysical Properties of One-Dimensional π-Conjugated Molecular Aggregate. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2089-2101. [PMID: 38163763 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The self-assembled state of molecules plays a pivotal role in determining how inherent molecular properties transform and give rise to supramolecular functionalities and has long attracted attention. However, understanding the influence of morphologies spanning the nano- to mesoscopic scales of supramolecular assemblies derived from identical intermolecular interactions has been notoriously challenging due to dynamic structural change and monomer exchange of assemblies in solution. In this study, we demonstrate that curved one-dimensional molecular assemblies (supramolecular polymers) of lengths of around 70-200 nm, originating from the same luminescent molecule, exhibit distinct photoluminescent properties when they form closed circular structures (toroids) versus when they possess chain termini in solution (random coils). By exploiting the difference in kinetic stability between the toroids and random coils, we developed a dialysis protocol to selectively purify the former. It was revealed that these terminus-free closed structures manifest higher energy and more efficient luminescence compared with their mixed state with random coils. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements unveiled that random coils, due to their dynamic structural fluctuation in solution, generate local defects throughout the main chain, leading to luminescence from lower energy levels. In mixtures of the two assemblies, luminescence was exclusively observed from such a lower energy level of random coils, a result attributed to energy transfer between the assemblies. This work emphasizes that for identical supramolecular assemblies, only averaged properties have traditionally been considered, but their structures at the nano- to mesoscopic scale are important especially if they have a certain degree of shape persistency even in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Takahashi
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuma Matsumoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12 Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST55BG, U.K
| | - Hiroshi Miyasaka
- Division of Frontier Materials Science and Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Martin Vacha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12 Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sotome
- Division of Frontier Materials Science and Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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14
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Zhang D, Li M, Jiang B, Liu S, Yang J, Yang X, Ma K, Yuan X, Yi T. Three-step cascaded artificial light-harvesting systems with tunable efficiency based on metallacycles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:1494-1502. [PMID: 37659317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
It is still challenging to develop multi-step cascaded artificial light-harvesting systems (ALHSs) with tunable efficiency. Here, we designed novel cascaded ALHSs with AIE-active metallacycles as the light-harvesting antenna, Eosin Y (ESY) and sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) as conveyors, near-infrared emissive chlorin-e6 (Ce6) as the final acceptor. The close contact and fair spectral overlap between donor and acceptor molecules at each level ensured the efficient sequential three-step energy transfer. The excited energy was sequentially and efficiently funneled to Ce6 along the cascaded line MTPEPt1 → ESY → SR101 → Ce6. Additionally, a unique strategy for regulating the efficiency of ALHS was illustrated by adjusting hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
| | - Man Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Bei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Senkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Xiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Ke Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Tao Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
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15
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Zarandi MA, Pathak P, Beltrami N, Walker JN, Zhang F, Brodbelt JS, Schmehl R, Jayawickramarajah J. Heteromeric guanosine (G)-quadruplex derived antenna modules with directional energy transfer. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:19069-19073. [PMID: 37990645 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
A heteromeric guanosine (G)-quadruplex centered self-assembly approach is developed to prepare compact light-harvesting antenna modules featuring multiple donor dyes and a single toehold region. Due to the mix-and-match nature of our approach, the number and placement of donor dyes can be readily fine-tuned via quadruplex assembly. Moreover, hybridization of the toehold with an acceptor containing sequence results in directional energy transfer ensembles with effective absorption coefficients in the 105 M-1 cm-1 range. These compact antennas exhibit system efficiencies that are comparable to much larger and elaborate DNA architectures containing numerous DNA strands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pravin Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
| | - Noah Beltrami
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
| | - Jada N Walker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Fengqi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Russell Schmehl
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.
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16
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Rajak A, Das A. Cascade Energy Transfer and White-Light Emission in Chirality-Controlled Crystallization-Driven Two-Dimensional Co-assemblies from Donor and Acceptor Dye-Conjugated Polylactides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314290. [PMID: 37842911 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Achieving predictable and programmable two-dimensional (2D) structures with specific functions from exclusively organic soft materials remains a scientific challenge. This article unravels stereocomplex crystallization-driven self-assembly as a facile method for producing thermally robust discrete 2D-platelets of diamond shape from biodegradable semicrystalline polylactide (PLA) scaffolds. The method involves co-assembling two PLA stereoisomers, namely, PY-PDLA and NMI-PLLA, which form stereocomplex (SC)-crystals in isopropanol. By conjugating a well-known Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor and acceptor dye, namely, pyrene (PY) and naphthalene monoimide (NMI), respectively, to the chain termini of these two interacting stereoisomers, a thermally robust FRET process can be stimulated from the 2D array of the co-assembled dyes on the thermally resilient SC-PLA crystal surfaces. Uniquely, by decorating the surface of the SC-PLA crystals with an externally immobilized guest dye, Rhodamine-B, similar diamond-shaped structures could be produced that exhibit pure white-light emission through a surface-induced two-step cascade energy transfer process. The FRET response in these systems displays remarkable dependence on the intrinsic crystalline packing, which could be modulated by the chirality of the co-assembling PLA chains. This is supported by comparing the properties of similar 2D platelets generated from two homochiral PLLAs (PY-PLLA and NMI-PLLA) labeled with the same FRET pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Rajak
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
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17
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Dai XY, Huo M, Liu Y. Phosphorescence resonance energy transfer from purely organic supramolecular assembly. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:854-874. [PMID: 37993737 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence energy transfer systems have been applied in encryption, biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. These systems exhibit ultra-large Stokes shifts, high quantum yields and are colour-tuneable with long-wavelength afterglow fluorescence (particularly in the near-infrared) under ambient conditions. This review discusses triplet-to-singlet PRET or triplet-to-singlet-to-singlet cascaded PRET systems based on macrocyclic or assembly-confined purely organic phosphorescence introducing the critical toles of supramolecular noncovalent interactions in the process. These interactions promote intersystem crossing, restricting the motion of phosphors, minimizing non-radiative decay and organizing donor-acceptor pairs in close proximity. We discuss the applications of these systems and focus on the challenges ahead in facilitating their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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18
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Lu H, Wang Y, Hill SK, Jiang H, Ke Y, Huang S, Zheng D, Perrier S, Song Q. Supra-Cyanines: Ultrabright Cyanine-Based Fluorescent Supramolecular Materials in Solution and in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311224. [PMID: 37840434 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent materials with high brightness play a crucial role in the advancement of various technologies such as bioimaging, photonics, and OLEDs. While significant efforts are dedicated to designing new organic dyes with improved performance, enhancing the brightness of existing dyes holds equal importance. In this study, we present a simple supramolecular strategy to develop ultrabright cyanine-based fluorescent materials by addressing long-standing challenges associated with cyanine dyes, including undesired cis-trans photoisomerization and aggregation-caused quenching. Supra-cyanines are obtained by incorporating cyanine moieties in a cyclic peptide-based supramolecular scaffold, and exhibit high fluorescence quantum yields (up to 50 %) in both solution and in the solid state. These findings offer a versatile approach for constructing highly emissive cyanine-based supramolecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haicheng Lu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sophie K Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Hanqiu Jiang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Yubin Ke
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101499, China
| | - Dunjin Zheng
- LightEdge Technologies Limited, Zhongshan, 528451, China
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Qiao Song
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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19
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Yuan X, Gao X, Liu C, Liang W, Xue H, Li Z, Jin H. Application of Nanomaterials in the Production of Biomolecules in Microalgae: A Review. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:594. [PMID: 37999418 PMCID: PMC10672109 DOI: 10.3390/md21110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are becoming more commonly used in microalgal biotechnology to empower the production of algal biomass and valuable metabolites, such as lipids, proteins, and exopolysaccharides. It provides an effective and promising supplement to the existing algal biotechnology. In this review, the potential for NMs to enhance microalgal growth by improving photosynthetic utilization efficiency and removing reactive oxygen species is first summarized. Then, their positive roles in accumulation, bioactivity modification, and extraction of valuable microalgal metabolites are presented. After the application of NMs in microalgae cultivation, the extracted metabolites, particularly exopolysaccharides, contain trace amounts of NM residues, and thus, the impact of these residues on the functional properties of the metabolites is also evaluated. Finally, the methods for removing NM residues from the extracted metabolites are summarized. This review provides insights into the application of nanotechnology for sustainable production of valuable metabolites in microalgae and will contribute useful information for ongoing and future practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yuan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (X.Y.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (H.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (X.Y.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (H.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (X.Y.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (H.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Wensheng Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (X.Y.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (H.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Huidan Xue
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (X.Y.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (H.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhengke Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (X.Y.); (C.L.); (W.L.); (H.X.); (Z.L.)
| | - Haojie Jin
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
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20
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Wang N, Yang W, Feng L, Xu XD, Feng S. A supramolecular artificial light-harvesting system based on a luminescent platinum(II) metallacage. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15524-15529. [PMID: 37622328 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01706k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
A trigonal luminescent metallacage was constructed by the coordination-driven self-assembly of m-pyridine-modified tetraphenylene ligands with organic Pt(II) acceptors, which exhibited excellent Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) properties. An efficient artificial light-harvesting system was successfully constructed by selecting the metallacage as the donor and the hydrophobic fluorescent dye Nile Red (NiR) as the donor molecule in a system of acetone/water (1/9, v/v), The absorption spectra of NiR and the emission spectra of the metallacage showed considerable overlap, achieving energy transfer from the metallacage to NiR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Weiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Xing-Dong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Shengyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Silicone Materials and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
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21
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Song Q, Cheng Z, Perrier S. Supramolecular peptide nanotubes as artificial enzymes for catalysing ester hydrolysis. Polym Chem 2023; 14:4712-4718. [PMID: 38013987 PMCID: PMC10594401 DOI: 10.1039/d3py00993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based artificial enzymes are attracting significant interest because of their remarkable resemblance in both composition and structure to native enzymes. Herein, we report the construction of histidine-containing cyclic peptide-based supramolecular polymeric nanotubes to function as artificial enzymes for ester hydrolysis. The optimized catalyst shows a ca. 70-fold increase in reaction rate compared to the un-catalysed reaction when using 4-nitrophenyl acetate as a model substrate. Furthermore, the amphiphilic nature of the supramolecular catalysts enables an enhanced catalytic activity towards hydrophobic substrates. By incorporating an internal hydrophobic region within the self-assembled polymeric nanotube, we achieve a 55.4-fold acceleration in hydrolysis rate towards a more hydrophobic substrate, 4-nitrophenyl butyrate. This study introduces supramolecular peptide nanotubes as an innovative class of supramolecular scaffolds for fabricating artificial enzymes with better structural and chemical stability, catalysing not only ester hydrolysis, but also a broader spectrum of catalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zihe Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
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22
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Chakraborty A, Das PK, Jana B, Ghosh S. Supramolecular alternating copolymers with highly efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10875-10883. [PMID: 37829017 PMCID: PMC10566455 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03056c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This article reports alternating supramolecular copolymerization of two naphthalene-diimide (NDI)-derived building blocks (NDI-1 and NDI-2) under thermodynamic control. Both monomers contain a central NDI chromophore, attached to a hydrocarbon-chain and a carboxylic-acid group. The NDI core in NDI-2 is symmetrically substituted with two butane-thiol groups, which makes it distinct from NDI-1. In decane, a 1 : 1 mixture of NDI-1 and NDI-2 shows spontaneous gelation and a typical fibrillar network, unlike the behavior of either of the components individually. The solvent-dependent UV/vis spectrum of the mixed sample in decane shows bathochromically shifted sharp absorption bands and a sharp emission band (holds a mirror-image relationship) with a significantly small Stokes shift compared to those in CHCl3, indicating J-aggregation. In contrast, the aggregated spectra of the individual monomers show broad structureless features, suggesting ill-defined aggregates. Cooling curves derived from the temperature-dependent UV/vis spectroscopy studies revealed early nucleation and a signature of well-defined cooperative polymerization for the mixed sample, unlike either of the individual components. Molecular dynamics simulations predicted the greatest dimer formation tendency for the NDI-1 + NDI-2 (1 : 1), followed by pure NDI-1 and NDI-2. Theoretical studies further revealed a partial positive charge in the NDI ring of NDI-1 when compared to NDI-2, promoting the alternating stacking propensity, which is also favored by the steric factor as NDI-2 is core-substituted with alkyl thiols. Such theoretical predictions fully corroborate with the experimental results showing 1 : 1 stoichiometry (from Job's plot) of the two monomers, indicating alternate stacking sequences in the H-bonded (syn-syn catemer type) supramolecular copolymer. Such alternating supramolecular copolymers showed highly efficient (>93%) fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Pradipta Kumar Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road 700032 Kolkata India
| | - Biman Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road 700032 Kolkata India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
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23
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Rezaie F, Noorizadeh S. Theoretical investigation of tube-like supramolecular structures formed through bifurcated lithium bonds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15260. [PMID: 37709798 PMCID: PMC10502010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The stability of three supramolecular naostructures, which are formed through the aggregation of identical belts of [12] arene containing p-nitrophenyllithium, 1,4-dilithiatedbenzene and 1,4-dinitrobenzene units, is investigated by density functional theory. The electrostatic potential calculations indicate the ability of these belts in forming bifurcated lithium bonds (BLBs) between the Li atoms of one belt and the oxygen atoms of the NO2 groups in the other belt, which is also confirmed by deformation density maps and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis. Topological analysis and natural bond analysis (NBO) imply to ionic character for these BLBs with binding energies up to approximately - 60 kcal mol-1. The many-body interaction energy analysis shows the strong cooperativity belongs to the configuration with the highest symmetry (C4v) containing p-nitrophenyllithium fragments as the building unit. Therefore, it seems that this configuration could be a good candidate for designing a BLB-based supramolecular nanotube with infinite size in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Rezaie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Siamak Noorizadeh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
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24
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Chen M, Lu Z, Li M, Jiang B, Liu S, Li Y, Zhang B, Li X, Yi T, Zhang D. Near-Infrared Emissive Cascaded Artificial Light-Harvesting System with Enhanced Antibacterial Efficiency. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300377. [PMID: 37122070 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Combination of platinum(II) metallacycles and photodynamic inactivation presents a promising antibacterial strategy. Herein, a cascaded artificial light-capturing system is developed in which an aggregation-induced emission-active platinum(II) metallacycle (PtTPEM) is utilized as the antenna, sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) as a key conveyor, and the near-infrared emissive photosensitizer Chlorin-e6 (Ce6) as the final energy acceptor. The well-dispersed Ce6 in the proximity of energy donors not only avoids self-quenching in the physiological environment but also contributes to energy transfer from donor to acceptor, thereby significantly improving the 1 O2 generation ability of the light-harvesting system under white light irradiation. By integrating the platinum(II) metallacycle and 1 O2 , a more efficient synergistic antibacterial effect is achieved at low concentrations, along with a significant decrease in dark toxicity caused by PtTPEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhenni Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Man Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Bei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Senkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yinuo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Bangrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xianying Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Dengqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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25
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Nandi R, Orieshyna A, Amdursky N. Molecular-Doped Protein-Based Elastomers as a Versatile Platform for Energy-Transfer Studies and Emissive Down-Converting Polymers for Light-Emitting Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37486807 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Much effort is being employed for designing "green" environmental emissive materials that are capable of color-tuning, i.e., down-converting the emission, and white-light generation (WLG). Here, we introduce a protein-based elastomer that can noncovalently bind a variety of chromophores while preventing their aggregation. Such binding capabilities are unique to the albumin-based materials that we use here in a process we refer to as "molecular doping". In the first part of this study, we explore the energy transfer across five different chromophores within the protein matrix, where the closely packed chromophore organization enables high energy-transfer efficiencies among them. In the second part, we show the easy control of blue, green, and red chromophores within the biopolymer, resulting in tunable emission properties of the film and WLG. The highly affordable chosen protein and the straightforward molecular doping strategy make our protein elastomers an attractive choice for an emissive material, as either a scaffold for investigating energy transfer in proteins or possible integration in light-emitting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nandi
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Anna Orieshyna
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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26
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Qu WJ, Liu T, Chai Y, Ji D, Che YX, Hu JP, Yao H, Lin Q, Wei TB, Shi B. Efficient detection of L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid by self-assembled fluorescent microparticles with AIE and FRET activities. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4022-4027. [PMID: 37128802 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02297d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids play an important role in the formation of proteins, enzymes, hormones and peptides in animals. Moreover, aspartic acid and glutamic acid have a critical impact on the central nervous system as excitatory neurotransmitters. Here, we report the highly selective detection of L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) and L-aspartic acid (L-Asp) using fluorescent microparticles constructed by the combination of aggregation-induced emission and self-assembly-induced Förster resonance energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Yongping Chai
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Dongyan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Xin Che
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Peng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Tai-Bao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
| | - Bingbing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China.
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27
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Biswas R, Banerjee S. Cascade Energy Transfer in Biopolymer-Templated Multi-Chromophoric Assemblies: Ratiometric Temperature Sensing. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:4135-4144. [PMID: 37115524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Natural light-harvesting complexes collect energy from sunlight and transfer it to the reaction center through a cascade of energy and electron transfer steps. Artificial light-harvesting systems functioning in aqueous media mimic natural photosynthetic systems. However, their design remains a challenging task as closely packed antenna chromophores often undergo severe self-quenching. Herein, we report luminescent co-assemblies between cationic pyrene-appended imidazolium amphiphiles and two anionic biopolymeric scaffolds, heparin and DNA in aqueous media. These co-assemblies served as excellent platforms for constructing artificial light-harvesting systems as upon co-embedding of multiple external dyes, highly efficient single-step and cascade energy transfer was observed from the pyrene donors to the acceptor dyes. Most notably, the efficiency of the energy transfer process was possible to modulate by employing multiple stimuli such as pH and temperature, and this resulted in the generation of multi-color luminescent materials in solution and film states, and they were also exploited in ratiometric temperature sensing. Their stimuli-responsive luminescence in the solid state was found to be advantageous for encryption studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Biswas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Supratim Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741246, India
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28
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Liu J, Dang Y, Tian Q, Lou H, Xu W, Xu Z, Zhang W. Construction of a multifunctional peptide nanoplatform for nitric oxide release and monitoring and its application in tumor-bearing mice. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 232:115313. [PMID: 37084530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
As a "star molecule", nitric oxide (NO) either promotes or inhibits many physiological processes depending on its concentration. The in situ generation and monitoring of therapeutic gas molecules has been a problem that many researchers have been working to address due to the stochastic nature of gas molecule movement. There are still relatively few studies using short peptides as NO storage systems, and there are still challenges in monitoring NO release in situ with real-time imaging over long periods of time. In this work, a morphologically transformable NO release, diagnosis and treatment integrated multifunctional nanoplatform was fabricated. A new NO-activated probe (DPBTD) with emission in the first near infrared (NIR-I) region was encapsulated into the hydrophobic domains of Ac-KLVFFAL-NH2 peptide derivatives as a biosensor for NO release. Peptide scaffolds were endowed with the capacity of controlled NO release by the introduction of NO donor (organic nitrates). Interestingly, morphology of the nanoplatform could be transformed from one-dimensional (1D) nanowires to two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets via nanorods transition state under tip sonication, which was allowed for better cell uptake. Eventually, this nanocarrier was used for stimuli-responsive NO release, real-time imaging and treatment in tumor tissues of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. This strategy expands the application potential of peptide-based nanomaterials and provides ideas for monitoring the progress of gas-mediated cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yijing Dang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qiufen Tian
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Haiming Lou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wujun Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Zhiai Xu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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29
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Chen XM, Chen X, Hou XF, Zhang S, Chen D, Li Q. Self-assembled supramolecular artificial light-harvesting nanosystems: construction, modulation, and applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1830-1852. [PMID: 36998669 PMCID: PMC10044677 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00934j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Artificial light-harvesting systems, an elegant way to capture, transfer and utilize solar energy, have attracted great attention in recent years. As the primary step of natural photosynthesis, the principle of light-harvesting systems has been intensively investigated, which is further employed for artificial construction of such systems. Supramolecular self-assembly is one of the feasible methods for building artificial light-harvesting systems, which also offers an advantageous pathway for improving light-harvesting efficiency. Many artificial light-harvesting systems based on supramolecular self-assembly have been successfully constructed at the nanoscale with extremely high donor/acceptor ratios, energy transfer efficiency and the antenna effect, which manifests that self-assembled supramolecular nanosystems are indeed a viable way for constructing efficient light-harvesting systems. Non-covalent interactions of supramolecular self-assembly provide diverse approaches to improve the efficiency of artificial light-harvesting systems. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in artificial light-harvesting systems based on self-assembled supramolecular nanosystems. The construction, modulation, and applications of self-assembled supramolecular light-harvesting systems are presented, and the corresponding mechanisms, research prospects and challenges are also briefly highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Man Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Xiao-Fang Hou
- Key Lab of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Dongzhong Chen
- Key Lab of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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30
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Yang T, Valavalkar A, Romero-Arenas A, Dasgupta A, Then P, Chettri A, Eggeling C, Ros A, Pischel U, Dietzek-Ivanšić B. Excited-State Dynamics in Borylated Arylisoquinoline Complexes in Solution and in cellulo. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203468. [PMID: 36477948 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two four-coordinate organoboron N,C-chelate complexes with different functional terminals on the PEG chains are studied with respect to their photophysical properties within human MCF-7 cells. Their excited-state properties are characterized by time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime microscopy. The excited-state relaxation dynamics of the two complexes are similar when studied in DMSO. Aggregation of the complexes with the carboxylate terminal group is observed in water. When studying the light-driven excited-state dynamics of both complexes in cellulo, i. e., after being taken up into human MCF-7 cells, both complexes show different features depending on the nature of the anchoring PEG chains. The lifetime of a characteristic intramolecular charge-transfer state is significantly shorter when studied in cellulo (360±170 ps) as compared to in DMSO (∼960 ps) at 600 nm for the complexes with an amino group. However, the kinetics of the complexes with the carboxylate group are in line with those recorded in DMSO. On the other hand, the lifetimes of the fluorescent state are almost identical for both complexes in cellulo. These findings underline the importance to evaluate the excited-state properties of fluorophores in a complex biological environment in order to fully account for intra- and intermolecular effects governing the light-induced processes in functional dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxiang Yang
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Abha Valavalkar
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Antonio Romero-Arenas
- Institute for Chemical Research, CSIC-US and Innovation Centre in Advanced Chemistry, ORFEO-CINQA C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Anindita Dasgupta
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Patrick Then
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Avinash Chettri
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena (Germany).,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Philosophenweg 7, D-07743, Jena
| | - Abel Ros
- Institute for Chemical Research, CSIC-US and Innovation Centre in Advanced Chemistry, ORFEO-CINQA C/Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Uwe Pischel
- CIQSO-Centre for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, s/n, 21071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Benjamin Dietzek-Ivanšić
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Philosophenweg 7, D-07743, Jena
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31
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Li D, Liu X, Yang L, Li H, Guo G, Li X, He C. Highly efficient Förster resonance energy transfer between an emissive tetraphenylethylene-based metal-organic cage and the encapsulated dye guest. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2237-2244. [PMID: 36845925 PMCID: PMC9945327 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06022a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The host-guest strategy presents an ideal way to achieve efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) by forcing close proximity between an energy donor and acceptor. Herein, by encapsulating the negatively charged acceptor dyes eosin Y (EY) or sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) in the cationic tetraphenylethene-based emissive cage-like host donor Zn-1, host-guest complexes were formed that exhibit highly efficient FRET. The energy transfer efficiency of Zn-1⊃EY reached 82.4%. To better verify the occurrence of the FRET process and make full use of the harvested energy, Zn-1⊃EY was successfully used as a photochemical catalyst for the dehalogenation of α-bromoacetophenone. Furthermore, the emission color of the host-guest system Zn-1⊃SR101 could be adjusted to exhibit bright white-light emission with the CIE coordinates (0.32, 0.33). This work details a promising approach to enhance the efficiency of the FRET process by the creation of a host-guest system between the cage-like host and dye acceptor, thus serving as a versatile platform for mimicking natural light-harvesting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003P. R. China
| | - Hechuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Guoxu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Xuezhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China
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32
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Li YX, Li J, Zeng HB, Zhang XJ, Cosnier S, Shan D. Artificial Light-Harvesting System Based on Zinc Porphyrin and Benzimidazole: Construction, Resonance Energy Transfer, and Amplification Strategy for Electrochemiluminescence. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3493-3498. [PMID: 36734630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Constructing robust and efficient luminophores is of significant importance in the development of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) amplification strategies. Inspired by the resonance energy transfer in natural light-harvesting systems, we propose a novel ECL amplification system based on ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET), which integrates two luminophores, benzimidazole (BIM) and zinc(II) tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (ZnTCPP), into one framework. Through disassembling and reconstruction processes, numerous BIM surround ZnTCPP in the constructed ZIF-9-ZnTCPP. Combined with the overlapped spectra between the emission of BIM and the absorption of ZnTCPP, the energy of multiple BIM (donor) can be concentrated to a single ZnTCPP (acceptor) to amplify the ECL emission of the acceptor. This work provides a convenient way to design an efficient ECL-RET system, which initiates a brand-new chapter in the development of ECL amplification strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, P R China
| | - Junji Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, P R China
| | - Hai-Bo Zeng
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, P R China
| | - Xue-Ji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, P R China
| | - Serge Cosnier
- University of Grenoble Alpes-CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000Grenoble, France
| | - Dan Shan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, P R China
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33
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Wang Y, Zhu R, Hang Y, Wang R, Dong R, Yu S, Xing LB. Artificial supramolecular light-harvesting systems based on a pyrene derivative for photochemical catalysis. Polym Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01344d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A supramolecular polymer based on NPyP and CB[8] was constructed via host–guest interactions with the AIE effect for artificial light-harvesting energy transfer and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Yu Hang
- Weifang Inspection and Certification Co., Ltd, Weifang 261021, P. R. China
| | - Rongzhou Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Ruizhi Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Shengsheng Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
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34
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Ye S, Meftahi N, Lyskov I, Tian T, Whitfield R, Kumar S, Christofferson AJ, Winkler DA, Shih CJ, Russo S, Leroux JC, Bao Y. Machine learning-assisted exploration of a versatile polymer platform with charge transfer-dependent full-color emission. Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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35
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Non-Covalent Dimer as Donor Chromophore for Constructing Artificial Light-Harvesting System in Water. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248876. [PMID: 36558010 PMCID: PMC9781999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic emissive materials in aqueous media have received much attention owing to their ease of preparation, tunable luminescence and environmental friendliness. However, hydrophobic fluorophores usually suffer from aggregation-caused quenching in water. In this work, we constructed an artificial light-harvesting system by using a non-covalent aggregation-induced emission dimer as antenna and energy donor. The dimer is quadruple hydrogen bonded from a ureidopyrimidinone derivative (M) containing a tetraphenylethylene group. The dispersed nano-assemblies based on the dimer in aqueous media were fabricated with the help of surfactant. By loading a hydrophobic acceptor molecule DBT into the nano-assemblies, man-made light-harvesting nanoparticles were fabricated, showing considerable energy transfer efficiency and a relatively high antenna effect. Additionally, the fluorescence color of the system can be gradually tuned by varying the content of the acceptors. This study provides a general way for the construction of an aqueous light-harvesting system based on a supramolecular dimer, which is important for potential application in luminescent materials.
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36
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Construction and application of the polyelectrolyte-based sequential artificial light-harvesting system. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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37
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Supramolecular Polymers: Recent Advances Based on the Types of Underlying Interactions. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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38
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Wang Y, Han N, Li XL, Wang RZ, Xing LB. Novel Strategy of Constructing Artificial Light-Harvesting System with Two-Step Sequential Energy Transfer for Efficient Photocatalysis in Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:45734-45741. [PMID: 36166320 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An efficient artificial light-harvesting system with a two-step sequential energy transfer was fabricated in the aqueous solution based on the host-guest interactions between cyano-substituted p-phenylenevinylene derivative (PPTA) and a water-soluble pillar[5]arene (WP5). PPTA-WP5 complex could self-assemble into nanoparticles, and two fluorescent dyes eosin Y (EY) and Nile Red (NIR) are employed as acceptors to realize sequential energy transfer. The PPTA-WP5-EY-NIR system could achieve efficient two-step sequential energy transfer process from PPTA-WP5 to EY and then to NIR (67% for the first step and 66% for the second step). Moreover, to make full use of the harvested energy, the hydrophobic microenvironment in the assembled nanoparticles is used to promote the aerobic cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction in aqueous medium with 88% yield after 12 h of irradiation. To our knowledge, this is the first example of artificial LHS with two-step energy transfer used to catalyze the CDC reaction in aqueous medium. This work directly mimics the function of photosynthesis in nature of converting solar energy into chemical energy in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Xing-Long Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Zhou Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Bao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
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39
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Zhang G, Yu L, Chen J, Dong R, Godbert N, Li H, Hao J. Artificial Light-Harvesting System with White-Light Emission in a Bicontinuous Ionic Medium. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8999-9006. [PMID: 36149259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Artificial light-harvesting systems (ALHSs), which are closely related to Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), are among the most attractive scientific topics during the past few decades. Specifically, binary ALHSs that are composed of a fluid donor and acceptor have a simplified composition and high number density of the donor units. However, largely due to the difficulty in obtaining a fluid donor, investigation of these systems is still quite limited, especially for the ionic systems. Herein, we report a new type of binary ALHS using an ionic naphthalimide (NPI) derivative as a donor, which shows greatly improved photoluminescence for its bicontinuous liquid structure. When blending with an acceptor such as rhodamine 6G or trans-4-[4-(dimethylamino)styryl]-methylpyridinium iodide, efficient FRET was confirmed by both experimental results and molecular dynamics simulations, with an energy transfer efficiency up to ∼90%. Tunable color, including white-light emission, was achieved by tuning the acceptor/donor ratio, opening the door for a variety of applications such as light-emitting diodes and photoluminescent inks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Longyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jingfei Chen
- Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Renhao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Nicolas Godbert
- MAT_INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccelenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Hongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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40
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Hamerlynck LM, Bischoff AJ, Rogers JR, Roberts TD, Dai J, Geissler PL, Francis MB, Ginsberg NS. Static Disorder has Dynamic Impact on Energy Transport in Biomimetic Light-Harvesting Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:7981-7991. [PMID: 36191182 PMCID: PMC9574921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Despite extensive studies, many questions remain about
what structural
and energetic factors give rise to the remarkable energy transport
efficiency of photosynthetic light-harvesting protein complexes, owing
largely to the inability to synthetically control such factors in
these natural systems. Herein, we demonstrate energy transfer within
a biomimetic light-harvesting complex consisting of identical chromophores
attached in a circular array to a protein scaffold derived from the
tobacco mosaic virus coat protein. We confirm the capability of energy
transport by observing ultrafast depolarization in transient absorption
anisotropy measurements and a redshift in time-resolved emission spectra
in these complexes. Modeling the system with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations
recapitulates the observed anisotropy decays, suggesting an inter-site
hopping rate as high as 1.6 ps–1. With these simulations,
we identify static disorder in orientation, site energy, and degree
of coupling as key remaining factors to control to achieve long-range
energy transfer in these systems. We thereby establish this system
as a highly promising, bottom-up model for studying long-range energy
transfer in light-harvesting protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo M Hamerlynck
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Amanda J Bischoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Julia R Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Trevor D Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Phillip L Geissler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Matthew B Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Naomi S Ginsberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
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41
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Chen XM, Cao KW, Bisoyi HK, Zhang S, Qian N, Guo L, Guo DS, Yang H, Li Q. Amphiphilicity-Controlled Polychromatic Emissive Supramolecular Self-Assemblies for Highly Sensitive and Efficient Artificial Light-Harvesting Systems. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204360. [PMID: 36135778 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic sequential control of photoluminescence by supramolecular approaches has become a great issue in supramolecular chemistry. However, developing a systematic strategy to construct polychromatic photoluminescent supramolecular self-assemblies for improving the efficiency and sensitivity of artificial light-harvesting systems still remains a challenge. Here, a series of amphiphilicity-controlled supramolecular self-assemblies with polychromatic fluorescence based on lower-rim hexyl-modified sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4A6) and N-alkyl-modified p-phenylene divinylpyridiniums (PVPn, n = 2-7) as efficient light-harvesting platforms is reported. PVPn shows wide ranges of polychromatic fluorescence by co-assembling with SC4A6, whose emission trends significantly depend on the modified alkyl-chains of PVPn. The formed PVPn-SC4A6 co-assemblies as light-harvesting platforms are extremely sensitive for transferring the energy to two near-infrared emissive acceptors, Nile blue (NiB) and Rhodamine 800. After optimizing the amphiphilicity of PVPn-SC4A6 systems, the PVPn-SC4A6-NiB light-harvesting systems achieve an ultrasensitive working concentration for NiB (2 nm) and an ultrahigh antenna effect up to 91.0. Furthermore, the two different kinds of light-harvesting nanoparticles exhibit good performance on near-infrared imaging in the Golgi apparatus and mitochondria, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Man Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Ke-Wei Cao
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Shu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Nina Qian
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Lingxiang Guo
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211189, China
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
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42
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Dey S, Sen P, Patel A, Prusty BM, Ghosh SS, Manna D. A photo-responsive fluorescent amphiphile for target-specific and image-guided drug delivery applications. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7803-7813. [PMID: 36156635 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01332k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional drug delivery systems are the centerpiece of effective chemotherapeutic strategies. Herein, we report the synthesis of an acetazolamide-linked cyanine-3-based NIR-responsive fluorescent macrocyclic amphiphile that self-assembled into spherical nanostructures in the aqueous medium via a J-aggregation pattern. The amphiphile shows various favorable properties of lipids. The photocleavage of the strained dioxacycloundecine ring induces spherical to nanotubular self-assembly with concomitant release of an encapsulated anticancer drug, doxorubicin (Dox), in a controlled manner. The CA-IX targeted amphiphile also showed lower cytotoxicity, effective cellular uptake, and Dox delivery to the model carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India.
| | - Plaboni Sen
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Anjali Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India. .,Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Biswa Mohan Prusty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India.
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Debasis Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India.
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43
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Nandy A, Mukherjee S. A Bioinspired Light Harvesting System in Aqueous Medium: Highly Efficient Energy Transfer through the Self Assembly of β-Sheet Nanostructures of Poly-d-Lysine. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6701-6710. [PMID: 35848986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nature has beautifully assembled its light harvesting pigments within protein scaffolds, which ensures a very high energy transfer. Designing a highly efficient artificial bioinspired light harvesting system (LHS) thus requires the nanoscale spatial orientation and electronic control of the associated chromophores. Although DNA has been used as a scaffold to organize chromophores, proteins or polypeptides, however, are very rarely explored. Here, we have developed a highly efficient, artificial, bioinspired LHS using polypeptide (poly-d-lysine, PDL) nanostructures making use of their β-sheet structure in an aqueous alkaline medium. The chromophores used herein are compatible for an energy transfer process and are nonfluorescent in an aqueous medium but exhibit high fluorescence intensity when bound to the nanostructure of PDL. The close proximity of the chromophores results in an energy transfer efficiency of ∼92% besides generating white light emission at a particular molar ratio between the chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Nandy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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44
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Laishram R, Sarkar S, Seth I, Khatun N, Aswal VK, Maitra U, George SJ. Secondary Nucleation-Triggered Physical Cross-Links and Tunable Stiffness in Seeded Supramolecular Hydrogels. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11306-11315. [PMID: 35707951 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic understanding and the control of molecular self-assembly at all hierarchical levels remain grand challenges in supramolecular chemistry. Functional realization of dynamic supramolecular materials especially requires programmed assembly at higher levels of molecular organization. Herein, we report an unprecedented molecular control on the fibrous network topology of supramolecular hydrogels and their resulting macroscopic properties by biasing assembly pathways of higher-order structures. The surface-catalyzed secondary nucleation process, a well-known mechanism in amyloid fibrilization and chiral crystallization of small molecules, is introduced as a non-covalent strategy to induce physical cross-links and bundling of supramolecular fibers, which influences the microstructure of gel networks and subsequent mechanical properties of hydrogels. In addition, seed-induced instantaneous gelation is realized in the kinetically controlled self-assembled system under this study, and more importantly, the extent of secondary nucleation events and network topology is manipulated by the concentration of seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Laishram
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Indranil Seth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nurjahan Khatun
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bangalore 562162, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Uday Maitra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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45
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Han Y, Zhang X, Ge Z, Gao Z, Liao R, Wang F. A bioinspired sequential energy transfer system constructed via supramolecular copolymerization. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3546. [PMID: 35729110 PMCID: PMC9213434 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31094-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequential energy transfer is ubiquitous in natural light harvesting systems to make full use of solar energy. Although various artificial systems have been developed with the biomimetic sequential energy transfer character, most of them exhibit the overall energy transfer efficiency lower than 70% due to the disordered organization of donor/acceptor chromophores. Herein a sequential energy transfer system is constructed via supramolecular copolymerization of σ-platinated (hetero)acenes, by taking inspiration from the natural light harvesting of green photosynthetic bacteria. The absorption and emission transitions of the three designed σ-platinated (hetero)acenes range from visible to NIR region through structural variation. Structural similarity of these monomers faciliates supramolecular copolymerization in apolar media via the nucleation-elongation mechanism. The resulting supramolecular copolymers display long diffusion length of excitation energy (> 200 donor units) and high exciton migration rates (~1014 L mol−1 s−1), leading to an overall sequential energy transfer efficiency of 87.4% for the ternary copolymers. The superior properties originate from the dense packing of σ-platinated (hetero)acene monomers in supramolecular copolymers, mimicking the aggregation mode of bacteriochlorophyll pigments in green photosynthetic bacteria. Overall, directional supramolecular copolymerization of donor/acceptor chromophores with high energy transfer efficiency would provide new avenues toward artificial photosynthesis applications. Sequential energy transfer is ubiquitous in natural light harvesting systems, but most artificial mimics have unsatisfactory energy transfer efficiency. Here, authors synthesize a sequential energy transfer system with overall efficiency of 87.4% via supramolecular copolymerization mimicking the aggregation mode of bacteriochlorophyll pigments in green photosynthetic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China.
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46
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Zhou X, Lin S, Yan H. Interfacing DNA nanotechnology and biomimetic photonic complexes: advances and prospects in energy and biomedicine. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:257. [PMID: 35658974 PMCID: PMC9164479 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled photonic systems with well-organized spatial arrangement and engineered optical properties can be used as efficient energy materials and as effective biomedical agents. The lessons learned from natural light-harvesting antennas have inspired the design and synthesis of a series of biomimetic photonic complexes, including those containing strongly coupled dye aggregates with dense molecular packing and unique spectroscopic features. These photoactive components provide excellent features that could be coupled to multiple applications including light-harvesting, energy transfer, biosensing, bioimaging, and cancer therapy. Meanwhile, nanoscale DNA assemblies have been employed as programmable and addressable templates to guide the formation of DNA-directed multi-pigment complexes, which can be used to enhance the complexity and precision of artificial photonic systems and show the potential for energy and biomedical applications. This review focuses on the interface of DNA nanotechnology and biomimetic photonic systems. We summarized the recent progress in the design, synthesis, and applications of bioinspired photonic systems, highlighted the advantages of the utilization of DNA nanostructures, and discussed the challenges and opportunities they provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Su Lin
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.,School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics at the Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA. .,School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
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47
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Li Y, Xia C, Tian R, Zhao L, Hou J, Wang J, Luo Q, Xu J, Wang L, Hou C, Yang B, Sun H, Liu J. "On/Off" Switchable Sequential Light-Harvesting Systems Based on Controllable Protein Nanosheets for Regulation of Photocatalysis. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8012-8021. [PMID: 35510764 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A controllable protein nanostructures-based "On/Off" switchable artificial light-harvesting system (LHS) with sequential multistep energy transfer and photocatalysis was reported herein for mimicking the natural LHS in both structure and function. Single-layered protein nanosheets were first constructed via a reversible covalent self-assembly strategy using cricoid stable protein one (SP1) as building blocks to realize an ordered arrangement of pigments. Fluorescent chromophores like carbon dots (CDs) can be precisely distributed on the protein nanosheets superficially via electrostatic interactions and make the ratio between donors and acceptors adjustable. After being anchored with a photocatalysis center (eosin-5-isothiocyanate, EY), the constructed LHS could sequentially transfer energy between two kinds of chromophores (CD1 and CD2), and further transfer to EY center with a high efficiency of 84%. Interestingly, the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process of our LHS could be reversibly "On/Off" switched by the redox regulated assembly and disassembly of SP1 building blocks. Moreover, the LHS has been further proved to promote the yield of a model cross-coupling hydrogen evolution reaction and regulate the process of the reaction with the FRET process "On/Off" state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Li
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunlei Xia
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ruizhen Tian
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Linlu Zhao
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jinxing Hou
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Quan Luo
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiayun Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunxi Hou
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hongcheng Sun
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- State Key laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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48
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Abstract
Multicharged cyclodextrin (CD) supramolecular assemblies, including those based on positively/negatively charged modified mono-6-deoxy-CDs, per-6-deoxy-CDs, and random 2,3,6-deoxy-CDs, as well as parent CDs binding positively/negatively charged guests, have been extensively applied in chemistry, materials science, medicine, biological science, catalysis, and other fields. In this review, we primarily focus on summarizing the recent advances in positively/negatively charged CDs and parent CDs encapsulating positively/negatively charged guests, especially the construction process of supramolecular assemblies and their applications. Compared with uncharged CDs, multicharged CDs display remarkably high antiviral and antibacterial activity as well as efficient protein fibrosis inhibition. Meanwhile, charged CDs can interact with oppositely charged dyes, drugs, polymers, and biomacromolecules to achieve effective encapsulation and aggregation. Consequently, multicharged CD supramolecular assemblies show great advantages in improving drug-delivery efficiency, the luminescence properties of materials, molecular recognition and imaging, and the toughness of supramolecular hydrogels, in addition to enabling the construction of multistimuli-responsive assemblies. These features are anticipated to not only promote the development of CD-based supramolecular chemistry but also contribute to the rapid exploitation of these assemblies in diverse interdisciplinary applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. .,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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49
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De S, Das G. Exploring the Aggregation and Light-Harvesting Aptitude of Naphthalimide-Based Amphiphile and Non-amphiphile AIEgen. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6158-6163. [PMID: 35521964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a comparative study of two naphthalimide-tethered amphiphile and non-amphiphile with their aggregation-induced emission properties. A synthetic modulation of a hydrophobic tail on the framework repressed the ACQ-phoric fluorophore to an AIEgen. L1 and L2 remain in the dispersed form in DMF and exhibits aggregation and intense emission signal in aqueous media. Microscopy detailing of the aggregating process has been analyzed. Not only the AIEgens are emissive in water but also they are emissive in the solid state. The natural light-harvesting process is mimicked by the aggregated state, establishing an energy transfer process between L1 and commercial dye. Disaggregation of the AIEgen has also been utilized in the detection of nitroaromatics. Analytical utility of the AIE-gen is being demonstrated concerning the detection of explosives in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik De
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039 Assam, India
| | - Gopal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039 Assam, India
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50
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Rajak A, Das A. Crystallization-Driven Controlled Two-Dimensional (2D) Assemblies from Chromophore-Appended Poly(L-lactide)s: Highly Efficient Energy Transfer on a 2D Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116572. [PMID: 35137517 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A rational approach towards precision two-dimensional (2D) assemblies by crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of poly(L-lactides) (PLLAs), end-capped with dipolar dyes like merocyanine (MC) or naphthalene monoimide (NMI) and hydrophobic pyrene (PY) or benzene (Bn) is described. PLLA chains crystallize into diamond-shaped platelets in isopropanol, which forces the terminal dyes to assemble into a 2D array on the platelet surface by either dipolar interactions or π-stacking and exhibit tunable emission. Dipolar dyes play a critical role in imparting colloidal stability and structural uniformity to the 2D crystals, which is partly compromised for hydrophobic ones. Co-crystallization between NMI- and PY-labeled PLLAs yields similar diamond-shaped co-platelets with highly efficient (≈80 %) Förster Resonance Energy Transfer on the 2D surface. Further, the "living" CDSA method confers enlarged, segmented block co-platelets using one of the homopolymers as "seed" and the other as "unimer".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Rajak
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
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