1
|
Scholz AS, Massoth JG, Stoess L, Bolte M, Braun M, Lerner HW, Mewes JM, Wagner M, Froitzheim T. NBN- and BNB-Phenalenyls: the Yin and Yang of Heteroatom-doped π Systems. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400320. [PMID: 38426580 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
NBN- and BNB-doped phenalenyls are isoelectronic to phenalenyl anions and cations, respectively. They represent a pair of complementary molecules that have essentially identical structures but opposite properties as electron donors and acceptors. The NBN-phenalenyls 1-4 considered here were prepared from N,N'-dimethyl-1,8-diaminonaphthalene and readily available boron-containing building blocks (i. e., BH3⋅SMe2 (1), p-CF3-C6H4B(OH)2 (2), C6H5B(OH)2 (3), or MesBCl2/iPr2NEt (4)). Treatment of 1 with 4-Me2N-2,6-Me2-C6H2Li gave the corresponding NBN derivative 5. The BNB-phenalenyl 6 was synthesized from 1,8-naphthalenediyl-bridged diborane(6), PhNH2, and MesMgBr. A computational study reveals that the photoemission of 1, 4, and 5 originates from locally excited (LE) states at the NBN-phenalenyl fragments, while that of 2 is dominated by charge transfer (CT) from the NBN-phenalenyl to the p-CF3-C6H4 fragment. Depending on the dihedral angle θ between its Ph and NBN planes, compound 3 emits mainly from a less polar LE (θ >55°) or more polar CT state (θ <55°). In turn, the energetic preference for either state is governed by the polarity of the solvent used. An equimolar aggregate of the NBN- and BNB-phenalenyls 3 and 6 (in THF/H2O) shows a distinct red-shifted emission compared to that of the individual components, which originates from an intermolecular CT state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Scholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julian G Massoth
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lennart Stoess
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Braun
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan-M Mewes
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Froitzheim
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao Y, Wang Y, Guo Z, Wan Y, Xue Z, Han Y, Yang W, Ma X. Ultrafast photophysics of an orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter: the role of external structural restraint. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6410-6420. [PMID: 38699269 PMCID: PMC11062098 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00460d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of thermally activated delay fluorescence (TADF) emitters in the orange-red regime usually suffers from the fast non-radiative decay of emissive singlet states (kSNR), leading to low emitting efficiency in corresponding organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices. Although kSNR has been quantitatively described by energy gap law, how ultrafast molecular motions are associated with the kSNR of TADF emitters remains largely unknown, which limits the development of new strategies for improving the emitting efficiency of corresponding OLED devices. In this work, we employed two commercial TADF emitters (TDBA-Ac and PzTDBA) as a model system and attempted to clarify the relationship between ultrafast excited-state structural relaxation (ES-SR) and kSNR. Spectroscopic and theoretical investigations indicated that S1/S0 ES-SR is directly associated with promoting vibrational modes, which are considerably involved in electronic-vibrational coupling through the Huang-Rhys factor, while kSNR is largely affected by the reorganization energy of the promoting modes. By restraining S1/S0 ES-SR in doping films, the kSNR of TADF emitters can be greatly reduced, resulting in high emitting efficiency. Therefore, by establishing the connection among S1/S0 ES-SR, promoting modes and kSNR of TADF emitters, our work clarified the key role of external structural restraint for achieving high emitting efficiency in TADF-based OLED devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Gao
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Zilong Guo
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Yan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Yandong Han
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Zhou S, Liu Z. Synthesis, structure, photophysical property, stability of tetraphenylethylene-based boranil, and applications in cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123730. [PMID: 38061107 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
A new family of tetraphenylethylene-based N,O-chelated boranil complexes (TPE-BAs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics were developed. X-ray crystallographic analysis indicated that the terminal substituents on the aniline moiety significantly affected the intermolecular stacking mode, thereby influencing the photophysical properties. The stabilities of these compounds are closely related to the substituents on the aniline moiety. Electron-donor-substituted TPE-BA-OMe exhibited the best stability, whereas the electron-acceptor-substituted compounds exhibited poor stability. Benefitting from its AIE properties and suitable lipophilicity, TPE-BA-OMe served as an excellent fluorescent probe for the specific bioimaging of lipid droplets in living cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Shimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie Y, Zhang R, Chen Z, Rong M, He H, Ni S, He X, Xiao W, Xuan J. Photocatalytic Boryl Radicals Triggered Sequential B─N/C─N Bond Formation to Assemble Boron-Handled Pyrazoles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306728. [PMID: 38018506 PMCID: PMC10797447 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Vinyldiazo compounds are one of the most important synthons in the construction of a cyclic ring. Most photochemical transformations of vinyldiazo compounds are mainly focusing on utilization of their C═C bond site, while reactions taking place at terminal nitrogen atom are largely unexplored. Herein, a photocatalytic cascade radical cyclization of LBRs with vinyldiazo reagents through sequential B─N/C─N bond formation is described. The reaction starts with the addition of LBRs (Lewis base-boryl radicals) at diazo site, followed by intramolecular radical cyclization to access a wide range of important boron-handled pyrazoles in good to excellent yields. Control experiments, together with detailed mechanism studies well explain the observed reactivity. Further studies demonstrate the utility of this approach for applications in pharmaceutical and agrochemical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui ProvinceCollege of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefeiAnhui230601P. R. China
| | - Ruilong Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui ProvinceCollege of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefeiAnhui230601P. R. China
| | - Ze‐Le Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui ProvinceCollege of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefeiAnhui230601P. R. China
| | - Mengtao Rong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui ProvinceCollege of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefeiAnhui230601P. R. China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong ProvinceShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong515063P. R. China
| | - Shaofei Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong ProvinceShantou UniversityShantouGuangdong515063P. R. China
| | - Xiang‐Kui He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanHubei430079P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Jing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical BiologyMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanHubei430079P. R. China
| | - Jun Xuan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui ProvinceCollege of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefeiAnhui230601P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma T, Dong J, Yang DT. Heteroatom-boron-heteroatom-doped π-conjugated systems: structures, synthesis and photofunctional properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13679-13689. [PMID: 37901914 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The potency of heteroatom-doping in reshaping optoelectronic properties arises from the distinct electronegativity variations between heteroatoms and carbon atoms. By incorporating two heteroatoms with differing electronegativities (e.g., B = N), not only is the architectural coherence of π-conjugated systems retained, but also dipolar traits are introduced, accompanied by unique intermolecular interactions absent in their all-carbon analogs. Another burgeoning doping strategy, featuring the heteroatom-boron-heteroatom motif (X-B-X, where X = N, O), has captured growing attention. This configuration's coexistence of the boron-heteroatom unit and an isolated heteroatom stimulates mutual modulation in the dipole of the boron-heteroatom unit and the heteroatom's electronegativity. In this Feature article, we present an encompassing survey of XBX-doped π-conjugated systems, elucidating how the integration of the X-B-X unit induces transformative structural and property changes within π-conjugated systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinghao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jiaqi Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Deng-Tao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, 430056 Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ju CW, Wang XC, Li B, Ma Q, Shi Y, Zhang J, Xu Y, Peng Q, Zhao D. Evolution of organic phosphor through precision regulation of nonradiative decay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310883120. [PMID: 37934818 PMCID: PMC10655561 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310883120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of single-component organic phosphor attracts increasing interest due to its wide applications in optoelectronic technologies. Theoretically, activating efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) via 1(π, π*) to 3(π, π*) transitions, rather than 1(n, π*) → 3(π, π*) transitions, is an alternative access to purely organic phosphors but remains challenging. Herein, we designed and successfully synthesized the sila-8-membered ring fused biaryl benzoskeleton by transition metal catalysis, which served as a new organic phosphor with efficient 1(π, π*) to 3(π, π*) ISC. We first found that such a compound exhibits a record-long phosphorescence lifetime of 6.5 s at low temperature for single-component organic systems. Then, we developed two strategies to tune their decay channels to evolve such nonemissive molecules into bright phosphors with elongated lifetimes at room temperature: 1) Physic-based design, where quantitative analyses of electron-phonon coupling led us to reveal and hinder the major nonradiative channels, thus lighted up room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with a lifetime of 480 ms at 298 K; 2) chemical geometry-driven molecular engineering, where a geometry-based descriptor ΔΘT1-S0/ΘS0 was developed for rational screening RTP candidates and further improved the RTP lifetime to 794 ms. This study clearly shows the power of interdiscipline among synthetic methodology, physics-based rational design, and computational modeling, which represents a paradigm for the development of an organic emitter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Ju
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiushi Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI53233
| | - Yuhao Shi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY10003
| | - Qian Peng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin300071, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li G, Xu K, Zheng J, Fang X, Yang YF, Lou W, Chu Q, Dai J, Chen Q, Yang Y, She YB. Double boron-oxygen-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: skeletal editing and applications as organic optoelectronic materials. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7089. [PMID: 37925472 PMCID: PMC10625603 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42973-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient one-pot strategy for the facile synthesis of double boron-oxygen-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (dBO-PAHs) with high regioselectivity and efficient skeletal editing is developed. The boron-oxygen-fused rings exhibit low aromaticity, endowing the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with high chemical and thermal stabilities. The incorporation of the boron-oxygen units enables the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to show single-component, low-temperature ultralong afterglow of up to 20 s. Moreover, the boron-oxygen-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can also serve as ideal n-type host materials for high-brightness and high-efficiency deep-blue OLEDs; compared to single host, devices using boron-oxygen-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-based co-hosts exhibit dramatically brightness and efficiency enhancements with significantly reduced efficiency roll-offs; device 9 demonstrates a high color-purity (Commission International de l'Eclairage CIEy = 0.104), and also achieves a record-high external quantum efficiency (28.0%) among Pt(II)-based deep-blue OLEDs with Commission International de l'Eclairage CIEy < 0.20; device 10 achieves a maximum brightnessof 27219 cd/m2 with a peak external quantum efficiency of 27.8%, which representes the record-high maximum brightness among Pt(II)-based deep-blue OLEDs. This work demonstrates the great potential of the double boron-oxygen-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as ultralong afterglow and n-type host materials in optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
| | - Kewei Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jianbing Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Fang Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Lou
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qingshan Chu
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Dai
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qidong Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuning Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Bin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green-Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yan X, Wang F, Su X, Ren J, Qi M, Bao P, Chen W, Peng C, Chen L. A Redox-Active Covalent Organic Framework with Highly Accessible Aniline-Fused Quinonoid Units Affords Efficient Proton Charge Storage. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2305037. [PMID: 37728857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their intrinsic safety and sustainability, aqueous proton batteries have emerged as promising energy devices. Nevertheless, the corrosion or dissolution of electrode materials in acidic electrolytes must be addressed before practical applications. In this study, a cathode material based on a redox-active 2D covalent organic framework (TPAD-COF) with aniline-fused quinonoid units featuring inherently regular open porous channels and excellent stability is developed. The TPAD-COF cathode delivers a high capacity of 126 mAh g-1 at 0.2 A g-1 , paired with long-term cycling stability with capacity retention of 84% after 5000 cycles at 2 A g-1 . Comprehensive ex situ spectroscopy studies correlated with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that both the -NH- and C=O groups of the aniline-fused quinonoid units exhibit prominent redox activity of six electrons during the charge/discharge processes. Furthermore, the assembled punch battery consisting of a TPAD-COF//anthraquinone (AQ) all-organic system delivers a discharge capacity of 115 mAh g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 after 130 cycles, implying the potential application of the TPAD-COF cathode in aqueous proton batteries. This study provides a new perspective on the design of electrode materials for aqueous proton batteries with long-term cycling performance and high capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Feixiang Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Junyu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Meiling Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Pengli Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Weihua Chen
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Chengxin Peng
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo Y, Feng M, Kuang Z, Abeywickrama CS, Pang Y, Xia A. Unveiling Solvation Dynamics of Excited and Ground States via Ultrafast Pump-Dump-Probe Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7764-7771. [PMID: 37656037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The conventional ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy has primarily focused on examining the formation and decay of the excited state intermediates, but it is very difficult to detect those intermediates while the formation is slow and dissipation is much fast because of the limited concentration during the intrinsic photocycle. To address this issue, a multipulse ultrafast pump-dump-probe spectroscopy was employed to generate and probe the short-lived ground state intermediates (GSIs) in an electronic push-pull pyrene derivative (EPP). This particular derivative undergoes planarized intramolecular charge transfer (PICT) in the excited state upon initial femtosecond pulse excitation. After applying the dump pulse once the PICT was formed, the blue-shifted transient absorption GSIs with the ground state dynamics of the structure recovery was directly observed. It is found that GSIs undergo slower reorganization than the PICT formation in the excited state of EPP due to the solvation effect with different dipole moments of ground states and excited states. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the full photocycle dynamics of both the ground and excited states, shedding light on the presence of hidden ground state behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Minjun Feng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhuoran Kuang
- School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Yi Pang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Andong Xia
- School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu Y, Yan Y, Wei Z, Spinney R, Dionysiou DD, Vione D, Liu M, Xiao R. Overlooked Transformation of Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Natural Waters: Role of Self-Photosensitization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37327199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical transformation is an important process that involves trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) in sunlit surface waters. However, the environmental implications of their self-photosensitization pathway have been largely overlooked. Here, we selected 1-nitronaphthalene (1NN), a representative nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, to study the self-photosensitization process. We investigated the excited-state properties and relaxation kinetics of 1NN after sunlight absorption. The intrinsic decay rate constants of triplet (31NN*) and singlet (11NN*) excited states were estimated to be 1.5 × 106 and 2.5 × 108 s-1, respectively. Our results provided quantitative evidence for the environmental relevance of 31NN* in waters. Possible reactions of 31NN* with various water components were evaluated. With the reduction and oxidation potentials of -0.37 and 1.95 V, 31NN* can be either oxidized or reduced by dissolved organic matter isolates and surrogates. We also showed that hydroxyl (•OH) and sulfate (SO4•-) radicals can be generated via the 31NN*-induced oxidation of inorganic ions (OH- and SO42-, respectively). We further investigated the reaction kinetics of 31NN* and OH- forming •OH, an important photoinduced reactive intermediate, through complementary experimental and theoretical approaches. The rate constants for the reactions of 31NN* with OH- and 1NN with •OH were determined to be 4.22 × 107 and 3.95 ± 0.01 × 109 M-1 s-1, respectively. These findings yield new insights into self-photosensitization as a pathway for TrOC attenuation and provide more mechanistic details into their environmental fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Fu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yiqi Yan
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zongsu Wei
- Centre for Water Technology (WATEC) & Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Hangøvej 2, Aarhus N DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Richard Spinney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Davide Vione
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 5, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ruiyang Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou S, Liu Y, Jin W, Qin T, Liu X, Zhao C, Liu Z, Yu X. Synthesis, Structures, and Photophysical Properties of Zigzag BNBNB-Embedded Anthracene-Fused Fluoranthene. Org Lett 2023; 25:1573-1577. [PMID: 36825803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Three zigzag BNBNB-embedded anthracene-fused fluoranthenes are synthesized from 1,3,2-benzodiazaboroles through an indole-type N-directed C-H borylation reaction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses confirm the double bond character of all four alternating B-N bonds and reveal the five-center four-π-electron nature of the BNBNB group. Experimental spectra and density functional theory calculations indicate that borylation remarkably enhances the planarity, extends π-conjugation, and leads to a bathochromic shift in the absorption and emission bands, with remarkable fluorescence quantum yields in solution (92%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wendong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Tingting Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xuguang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Cuihua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang B, Gu Y, Paternò GM, Teyssandier J, Maghsoumi A, Barker AJ, Mali KS, Scotognella F, De Feyter S, Tommasini M, Feng X, Narita A, Müllen K. Zigzag-Edged Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Benzo[m]tetraphene Precursors. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203981. [PMID: 36695295 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of zigzag-edged polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (Z1-Z3) were synthesized from 2,12-dibromo-7,14-diphenyl-benzo[m]tetraphene (9) as a versatile building block. Their structures were unambiguously confirmed by laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, 1 H NMR, Raman, and Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies as well as scanning tunneling microscopy. The fingerprint vibrational modes were elucidated with theoretical support. The edge- and size-dependent optical properties were characterized by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Moreover, ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy revealed distinct modulation of the photophysical properties upon π-extension from Z1 to Z2, the latter having a gulf edge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yanwei Gu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Giuseppe M Paternò
- Physics Department, Politecnico di Milano Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.,Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Joan Teyssandier
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ali Maghsoumi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica - Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Alex J Barker
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Kunal S Mali
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesco Scotognella
- Physics Department, Politecnico di Milano Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica - Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics Weinberg 2, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang R, Wang M, Deng H, Xu J, Yan H, Zhao Y, Shi Z. Stereospecific nickel-catalyzed [4+2] heteroannulation of alkynes with aminophosphanes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade8638. [PMID: 36638162 PMCID: PMC9839338 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Enantioenriched phosphorus compounds play crucial roles in many fields ranging from catalyst to materials science to drug development. Despite advances in the construction of phosphacycles, incorporation of a P-chirogenic center into heterocycles remains challenging. Here, we report an effective method for the preparation of phosphacycles through nickel-catalyzed [4+2] heteroannulation of internal alkynes with aminophosphanes derived from o-haloanilines. Notably, chiral 2-λ5-phosphaquinolines can be prepared from P-stereogenic substrates via NH/PH tautomeric equilibrium without loss of stereochemical integrity. The strategy is found to exhibit a broad scope in terms of both reaction components, enabling modular construction of libraries of 2-λ5-phosphaquinolines with different steric and electronic properties for fine-tuning photophysical properties, where some of these compounds showed distinct fluorescence with high quantum yields. A series of mechanistic studies further shed light on the pathway of the heteroannulation and reasons for stereospecificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, China
| | - Jingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang XL, Gu J, Cui WH, Ye Z, Yi W, Zhang Q, He Y. Stepwise Asymmetric Allylic Substitution-Isomerization Enabled Mimetic Synthesis of Axially Chiral B,N-Heterocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210456. [PMID: 36281992 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral molecules bearing multiple stereogenic axes are of great importance in the field of organic chemistry. However, the efficient construction of atropisomers featuring two different types of stereogenic axes has rarely been explored. Herein, we report the novel atroposelective synthesis of configurationally stable axially chiral B,N-heterocycles. By using stepwise asymmetric allylic substitution-isomerization (AASI) strategy, diaxially chiral B,N-heterocycles bearing B-C and C-N axes that are related to the moieties of axially chiral enamines and arylborons were also obtained. In this case, all four stereoisomers of diaxially chiral B,N-heterocycles were stereodivergently afforded in high enantioselectivities. Density functional theory (DFT) studies demonstrated that the NH⋅⋅⋅π interactions played a unique role in the promotion of stereospecific isomerization, thereby leading to the highly efficient central-to-axial chirality transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Lian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Jun Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wen-Hao Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zhiwen Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Wenbin Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang R, Lee CS, Lu Z. Recent Development of Three-coordinated Boron-doped Aromatics for Optoelectronic Applications. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Sans-Panadés E, Vaquero JJ, Fernández-Rodríguez MA, García-García P. Synthesis of BN-Polyarenes by a Mild Borylative Cyclization Cascade. Org Lett 2022; 24:5860-5865. [PMID: 35913827 PMCID: PMC9384698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Reaction of BCl3 with suitably substituted o-alkynylanilines promotes a cascade reaction in which BN-polycyclic
compounds are obtained via the formation of two new cycles and three
new bonds in a single operational step. The reaction is highly efficient
and takes place at room temperature, providing a very mild and straightforward
strategy for the preparation of BN-aromatic compounds, which can be
further transformed into a variety of BN-PAHs with different polycyclic
cores and substituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Sans-Panadés
- Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS). Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR). Campus Científico-Tecnológico, Facultad de Farmacia. Autovía A-II, Km 33.1, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Vaquero
- Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS). Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR). Campus Científico-Tecnológico, Facultad de Farmacia. Autovía A-II, Km 33.1, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel A Fernández-Rodríguez
- Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS). Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR). Campus Científico-Tecnológico, Facultad de Farmacia. Autovía A-II, Km 33.1, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia García-García
- Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS). Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR). Campus Científico-Tecnológico, Facultad de Farmacia. Autovía A-II, Km 33.1, 28805-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang Y, Guo Z, Gao Y, Tian Y, Deng Y, Ma X, Yang W. Tuning Hybridized Local and Charge-Transfer Mixing for Efficient Hot-Exciton Emission with Improved Color Purity. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6664-6673. [PMID: 35839081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Delayed fluorescence (DF) emitters with high color purity are of high interest for applications in high-resolution displays. However, the charge transfer required by high emitting efficiency usually conflicts with the expected color purity. In this work, we investigated the S1/S0 conformational relaxation, spin-orbital coupling (SOC), and vibronic coupling of hot-exciton emitters while hybrid local and charge transfer (HLCT) state tuning was achieved by a structural meta-effect. The meta-linkage leads to suppressed S1/S0 conformational relaxation and weakened vibronic coupling, while the unsacrificed emitting efficiency is largely ensured by multiple rISC channels (Tn → Sm) with thermally accessible triplet-singlet energy gap (ΔEST) and effective SOC. We demonstrated that the unique excited-state mechanism provides opportunities to improve the emitting color purity of hot-exciton emitters without sacrificing emitting efficiency by HLCT state tuning with simple chemical structural modification, for which hot-exciton emitters might play a more important role for high-resolution organic light-emitting diode displays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Zilong Guo
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Gao
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yiran Tian
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yingyi Deng
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ahmed J, Mandal SK. Phenalenyl Radical: Smallest Polycyclic Odd Alternant Hydrocarbon Present in the Graphene Sheet. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11369-11431. [PMID: 35561295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Phenalenyl, a zigzag-edged odd alternant hydrocarbon unit can be found in the graphene nanosheet. Hückel molecular orbital calculations indicate the presence of a nonbonding molecular orbital (NBMO), which originates from the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) arising from 13 carbon atoms of the phenalenyl molecule. Three redox states (cationic, neutral radical, and anionic) of the phenalenyl-based molecules were attributed to the presence of this NBMO. The cationic state can undergo two consecutive reductions to result in neutral radical and anionic states, stepwise, respectively. The phenalenyl-based radicals were found as crucial building blocks and attracted the attention of various research fields such as organic synthesis, material science, computation, and device physics. From 2012 onward, a strategy was devised using the cationic state of phenalenyl-based molecules and in situ generated phenalenyl radicals, which created a new domain of catalysis. The in situ generated phenalenyl radicals were utilized for the single electron transfer (SET) process resulting in redox catalysis. This emerging range of applications rejuvenates the more than six decades-old phenalenyl chemistry. This review captures such developments ranging from fundamental understanding to multidirectional applications of phenalenyl-based radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gao Y, Wang Y, Guo Z, Wan Y, Li C, Yang B, Yang W, Ma X. Ultrafast Photophysics of Multiple-Resonance Ultrapure Blue Emitters. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:2729-2739. [PMID: 35381179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters are becoming increasingly attractive due to their applications in high-resolution organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display technology. Here, we present an investigation on the photophysics of two MR-TADF emitters (t-DABNA and TBN-TPA) by using quantum chamical calculation and ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. Compared with one-step structural planarization of t-DABNA, TBN-TPA undergoes two-step relaxation in S1 state, i.e., fast twisting of the peripheral group and subsequent restrained planarization of the B-N framework. The efficient twisting motion of the peripheral group largely reduces the energy level of the TBN-TPA system and correspondingly increases the barrier for subsequent planarization, which is favored for the narrowband emission. Our work provides a detailed picture for the excited-state deactivation of peripheral group-modified MR-TADF emitters without a pronounced charge-transfer (CT) characteristic mixed in the lowest-lying fluorescent state, which might be helpful for the future design of narrowband OLED emitters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Gao
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zilong Guo
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Chenglong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hu X, Wang Y, Zuping X, Song P, Wang AJ, Qian Z, Yuan PX, Zhao T, Feng JJ. Novel Aggregation-Enhanced PEC Photosensitizer Based on Electrostatic Linkage of Ionic Liquid with Protoporphyrin IX for Ultrasensitive Detection of Molt-4 Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3708-3717. [PMID: 35172575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, aggregation quenching of most organic photosensitizers in aqueous media seriously restricts analytical and biomedical applications of photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors. In this work, an aggregation-enhanced PEC photosensitizer was prepared by electrostatically bonding protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) with an ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF4]), termed as PPIX-[BMIm] for clarity. The resultant PPIX-[BMIm] showed weak photocurrent in pure dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, good solvent), while the PEC signals displayed a 44.1-fold enhancement in a water (poor solvent)/DMSO binary solvent with a water fraction (fw) of 90%. Such PEC-enhanced mechanism was critically studied by electrochemistry and density functional theory (DFT) calculation in some detail. Afterward, a label-free PEC cytosensor was built for ultrasensitive bioassay of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (molt-4) cells by electrodepositing Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) on the PPIX-[BMIm] aggregates and sequential assembly of protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) aptamer DNA (aptDNA). The resultant cytosensor showed a wide linear range (300 to 3 × 105 cells mL-1) with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 63 cells mL-1. The aggregation-enhanced PEC performance offers a valuable and practical pathway for synthesis of advanced organic photosensitizer to explore its PEC applications in early diagnosis of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiong Zuping
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Pei Song
- Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Pei-Xin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jiang Z, Zhou S, Jin W, Zhao C, Liu Z, Yu X. Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysical Properties of BN-Embedded Analogue of Coronene. Org Lett 2022; 24:1017-1021. [PMID: 35072476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two BN-embedded benzo[ghi]perylene (Bzp) and coronene derivatives (BN-Bzp and BN-Cor) have been successfully synthesized from binaphthyl precursors by new efficient one-pot-multibond routes, and their single crystal structures were analyzed. Both experimental spectra and DFT theoretical calculations indicated that the absorption and emission of these BN-embedded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are significantly enhanced comparing with those of their all carbon analogues. Especially, the fluorescence quantum yield of BN-Cor is nearly 20 times higher than that of ordinary coronene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Shimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wendong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Cuihua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Duan C, Zhang J, Xiang J, Yang X, Gao X. Design, Synthesis and Properties of Azulene-Based BN-[4]Helicenes※. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a21110508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
23
|
Li DJ, Gao F, Xu H. Dimerization of the BNB/NBN Bond Embedded Phenalenyls. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06166f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two plane-like molecules 1 and 2 were designed and characterized by the introduction of BNB or NBN bonds into the plane phenalenyl. The ocalized molecular orbital (LMO) analysis show three...
Collapse
|
24
|
Tie Z, Deng S, Cao H, Yao M, Niu Z, Chen J. A Symmetric All‐Organic Proton Battery in Mild Electrolyte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Tie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Shenzhen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Minjie Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Krompiec S, Kurpanik-Wójcik A, Matussek M, Gołek B, Mieszczanin A, Fijołek A. Diels-Alder Cycloaddition with CO, CO 2, SO 2, or N 2 Extrusion: A Powerful Tool for Material Chemistry. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:172. [PMID: 35009318 PMCID: PMC8745824 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phenyl, naphthyl, polyarylphenyl, coronene, and other aromatic and polyaromatic moieties primarily influence the final materials' properties. One of the synthetic tools used to implement (hetero)aromatic moieties into final structures is Diels-Alder cycloaddition (DAC), typically combined with Scholl dehydrocondensation. Substituted 2-pyranones, 1,1-dioxothiophenes, and, especially, 1,3-cyclopentadienones are valuable substrates for [4 + 2] cycloaddition, leading to multisubstituted derivatives of benzene, naphthalene, and other aromatics. Cycloadditions of dienes can be carried out with extrusion of carbon dioxide, carbon oxide, or sulphur dioxide. When pyranones, dioxothiophenes, or cyclopentadienones and DA cycloaddition are aided with acetylenes including masked ones, conjugated or isolated diynes, or polyynes and arynes, aromatic systems are obtained. This review covers the development and the current state of knowledge regarding thermal DA cycloaddition of dienes mentioned above and dienophiles leading to (hetero)aromatics via CO, CO2, or SO2 extrusion. Particular attention was paid to the role that introduced aromatic moieties play in designing molecular structures with expected properties. Undoubtedly, the DAC variants described in this review, combined with other modern synthetic tools, constitute a convenient and efficient way of obtaining functionalized nanomaterials, continually showing the potential to impact materials sciences and new technologies in the nearest future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aneta Kurpanik-Wójcik
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Marek Matussek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (S.K.); (B.G.); (A.M.); (A.F.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tie Z, Deng S, Cao H, Yao M, Niu Z, Chen J. A Symmetric All-Organic Proton Battery in Mild Electrolyte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115180. [PMID: 34918433 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
All-organic proton batteries are attracting extensive attention due to their sustainability merits and excellent rate capability. Generally, strong acids (e.g. H2 SO4 ) have to be employed as the electrolytes to provide H+ for all-organic proton batteries due to the high H+ intercalation energy barrier. Until now, the design of all-organic proton batteries in mild electrolytes is still a challenge. Herein, a poly(2,9-dihydroquinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine) (PO) molecule was designed and synthesized, where the adjacent C=N groups show two different chemical environments, resulting in two-step redox reactions. Moreover, the two reactions possess considerable voltage difference because of the large LUMO energy gap between PO and its reduction product. More impressively, the C=N groups endow the π-conjugated PO molecule with H+ uptake/removal in the ZnSO4 electrolyte. As a result, a symmetric all-organic proton battery is achieved in a mild electrolyte for the first time, which exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance and also broadens the chemistry of proton-based batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Tie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shenzhen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Minjie Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Transition metal catalyzed coupling reaction strategy has been utilized in the synthesis of two novel BN-perylenes starting from halogenated BN-naphthalene derivatives. The molecular structures and packing modes of BN-perylenes were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray single-crystal diffraction experiments. Their photophysical properties were further investigated using UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Interestingly, the isosteric BN-insertion in perylene system resulted in stronger π-π stacking interaction both in solid and solution phases. The synthesized BN-perylenes are proved to be highly stable and thus provide a new valuable platform for novel organic materials applications which is otherwise inaccessible to date.
Collapse
|
28
|
Zeng Y, Yang J, Zheng X. Aggregation effects on photophysical properties of NBN-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23986-23997. [PMID: 34664048 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To realize the precise manipulation of the optoelectrical properties of boron-nitrogen (B-N) unit-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), unraveling the structure-property relationship behind them is of vital importance. In this work, we take two representative NBN-doped PAHs with similar structures (NBN-5 and NBN-6) as examples and explore the influence of molecular packing on their photophysical properties in different environments (including dilute solution, amorphous aggregate and crystal) using a theoretical protocol that combines molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and thermal vibration correlation function coupled quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations. We found that the different symmetries of the transition orbitals in NBN-5 and NBN-6 lead to their distinct distributions of transition orbitals, with NBN-5 delocalizing on the whole backbone and NBN-6 bearing clear intramolecular charge transfer. Therefore, the S1 state of NBN-6 demonstrates redshifted emission spectra in contrast to those of NBN-5. We confirmed that NBN-6 in dilute solution is more flexible than NBN-6 in aggregated states. After aggregation, the fluorescent quantum efficiency (FQE) of NBN-6 increases significantly with the nonradiative decay constants decreasing by 2-4 orders of magnitude, because the dense molecular packing in the aggregated state could effectively suppress the out-of-plane rotation and distortion of the phenyl-ring at the boron position, indicating its AIE feature. While the photophysical properties of conjugated NBN-5 with high rigidity are independent of the environment, showing bright emission in both solution and solid states, consistent with the experimental results. Our theoretical protocol is general and applicable to other doped PAHs, thus laying a solid foundation for the rational design of advanced materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Junfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates (South China University of Technology), Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Biagiotti G, Perini I, Richichi B, Cicchi S. Novel Synthetic Approach to Heteroatom Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Optimizing the Bottom-Up Approach to Atomically Precise Doped Nanographenes. Molecules 2021; 26:6306. [PMID: 34684887 PMCID: PMC8537472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of the rational bottom-up approach to nanostructured carbon materials and the discovery of the importance of their doping with heteroatoms puts under the spotlight all synthetic organic approaches to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The construction of atomically precise heteroatom doped nanographenes has evidenced the importance of controlling its geometry and the position of the doping heteroatoms, since these parameters influence their chemical-physical properties and their applications. The growing interest towards this research topic is testified by the large number of works published in this area, which have transformed a once "fundamental research" into applied research at the cutting edge of technology. This review analyzes the most recent synthetic approaches to this class of compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Biagiotti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
| | - Ilaria Perini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Stefano Cicchi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (G.B.); (I.P.)
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via G. Giusti, 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, ICCOM-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhao M, Miao Q. Design, Synthesis and Hydrogen Bonding of B 3 N 6 -[4]Triangulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21289-21294. [PMID: 34343393 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of the allylic C=C-C unit with a N-B-N unit at each of the three zigzag edges of [4]triangulene gives rise to B3 N6 -[4]triangulene, which is envisioned to represent a key structural unit of a new hypothetical boron carbon nitride (BC4 N). A tert-butylated B3 N6 -[4]triangulene has been successfully synthesized by three-fold nitrogen-directed borylation, and the X-ray crystallographic analysis indicates that its slightly bent triangular polycyclic framework can be viewed as a 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene connected by three 4π-electron N-B-N units. The HN-B-NH moiety provides a dual hydrogen-bond donor, which forms H-bonds with halide or carboxylate anions in solution, and form DD-AA hydrogen-bond arrays with 2,7-di(tert-butyl)-pyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone in the co-crystal. Moreover, the blue fluorescence of B3 N6 -[4]triangulene in solution is responsive to binding p-nitrobenzoate anion through hydrogen bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhao M, Miao Q. Design, Synthesis and Hydrogen Bonding of B
3
N
6
‐[4]Triangulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhao
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| |
Collapse
|