1
|
Lei H, Lv L, Zhou X, Liu S, Zhu M, Wang H, Qin H, Fang Q, Peng X. Weakly Confined Semiconductor Nanocrystals Excel in Photochemical and Optoelectronic Properties: Evidence from Single-Dot Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21948-21959. [PMID: 39075033 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Single-molecule spectroscopy offers state-resolved measurements on charge-transfer reactions of single semiconductor nanocrystals, leading to the discovery of up to six single-charge transfer reactions with seven transient states for single CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystals with water (or oxygen) as the hole (or electron) acceptors. Kinetic rates of three photoinduced single-hole transfer reactions decrease significantly upon increasing the number of excess electrons in a nanocrystal, mainly due to efficient Auger nonradiative recombination of the charged single excitons. Conversely, the kinetic rates of three single-electron transfer reactions of an unexcited nanocrystal increase proportionally to the number of excess electrons in it. Results here reveal that charge-transfer reactions of nanocrystals, at the center of nearly all their functions, could only be deciphered at a state-resolved level on a single nanocrystal. Size-dependent studies validate the weakly confined semiconductor nanocrystals, instead of strongly confined ones (quantum dots), as optimal candidates for photochemical and optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liulin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xionglin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meiyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao P, Chen Z, Chen S. Electron-Induced Degradation in Blue Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309123. [PMID: 38038258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The poor stability of blue quantum-dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (B-QLEDs) hinders their application in displays. To improve the stability of B-QLEDs, the degradation mechanism should be revealed. Here, the degradation mechanism of B-QLEDs is investigated by monitoring the changes occurring in the QDs and the hole transport layers (HTL) during device operation, respectively. It is revealed that the accumulation of electrons within the QDs is responsible for the degradation of the devices. On the one hand, the accumulated electrons induce the detachment of oleic acid ligands, leading to permanent damage to the stability of B-QDs. On the other hand, the accumulated electrons leak into the HTL or recombine at the HTL/QDs interface, leading to the degradation of HTL. The formation of surface defects in B-QDs and the decomposition of HTL contribute to the degradation of B-QLEDs. The results reveal the strong dependence of B-QLEDs stability on the accumulated electrons, the QDs and the HTL, which can help researchers to develop effective design strategies for improving the lifespan of B-QLEDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peili Gao
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zinan Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shawal NBM, Razali NA, Hairom NHH, Yatim NII, Rasit N, Harun MHC, Kasan N, Hamzah S. Parametric study of coagulant recovery from water treatment sludge towards water circular economy. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:3142-3150. [PMID: 38154800 PMCID: wst_2023_398 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to recover the used coagulants from two water treatment plants via acidification technique. The water treatment sludge (WTS) was acidified with sulfuric acid (H2SO-4) at variable normalities (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 N). The surface morphology and functionalities of both recovered coagulants were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The performance of recovered coagulants was tested for turbidity removal in surface water treatment at different coagulant dosages and pH. It was found that the optimum normality of H2SO4 for recovered alum was 1.5 N, where 66% turbidity removal was recorded. The recovered PAC treated with 1.0 N H2SO4 indicated high turbidity removal percentage, which was 50.5%. The turbidity removal increased with increasing coagulant dosage. More than 80% turbidity removal was achieved with 40 mg/L dosage of recovered alum and recovered PAC. Maximum removal (85%) was observed with 50 mg/L dosage of recovered alum. For commercial coagulant, the turbidity removal was higher, with a difference of up to 6% in favor of recovered alum. The potential reuse of coagulants can be explored in order to reduce the operating costs and promotes the reduction of WTS disposal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N B M Shawal
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia E-mail:
| | - N A Razali
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia; Sustainable Energy and Environmental Technology Special Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | - N H H Hairom
- Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Hab Pendidikan Tinggi Pagoh, Km 1, Jalan Panchor, Johor, Muar 84600, Malaysia
| | - Norhafiza Ilyana I Yatim
- Higher Education Center of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - N Rasit
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia; Sustainable Energy and Environmental Technology Special Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | - M H C Harun
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia; Sustainable Energy and Environmental Technology Special Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | - N Kasan
- Higher Education Center of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Sofiah Hamzah
- Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia; Sustainable Energy and Environmental Technology Special Interest Group, Faculty of Ocean Engineering, Technology, and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lei H, Liu S, Li J, Li C, Qin H, Peng X. Band-Edge Energy Levels of Dynamic Excitons in Cube-Shaped CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21962-21972. [PMID: 37901990 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
An electron-hole pair in a cube-shaped CdSe/CdS core/shell nanocrystal exists in the form of dynamic excitons across the strongly and weakly confined regimes under ambient temperatures. Photochemical doping is applied to distinguish the band-edge electron and hole levels, confirming an effective mass model with universal constants. Reduction of the optical bandgap upon epitaxy of the CdS shells is caused by lowering the band-edge electron level and barely affecting the band-edge hole level. Similar shifts of the electron levels, yet retaining the hole levels, can switch the order in energy of the three lowest-energy transitions. Thermal distribution of 1-4 electrons among the two thermally accessible electron levels follows number-counting statistics, instead of Fermi-Dirac distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiongzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chuyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chiang W, Stout A, Yanchik-Slade F, Li H, Terrando N, Nilsson BL, Gelbard HA, Krauss TD. Quantum Dot Biomimetic for SARS-CoV-2 to Interrogate Blood-Brain Barrier Damage Relevant to NeuroCOVID Brain Inflammation. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023; 6:15094-15107. [PMID: 37649833 PMCID: PMC10463222 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c02719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite limited evidence for infection of SARS-CoV-2 in the central nervous system, cognitive impairment is a common complication reported in "recovered" COVID-19 patients. Identification of the origins of these neurological impairments is essential to inform therapeutic designs against them. However, such studies are limited, in part, by the current status of high-fidelity probes to visually investigate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the system of blood vessels and nerve cells in the brain, called the neurovascular unit. Here, we report that nanocrystal quantum dot micelles decorated with spike protein (COVID-QDs) are able to interrogate neurological damage due to SARS-CoV-2. In a transwell co-culture model of the neurovascular unit, exposure of brain endothelial cells to COVID-QDs elicited an inflammatory response in neurons and astrocytes without direct interaction with the COVID-QDs. These results provide compelling evidence of an inflammatory response without direct exposure to SARS-CoV-2-like nanoparticles. Additionally, we found that pretreatment with a neuro-protective molecule prevented endothelial cell damage resulting in substantial neurological protection. These results will accelerate studies into the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 mediates neurologic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Chiang
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery
and Department of Neurology, and Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, and
Microbiology and Immunology, University
of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Angela Stout
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery
and Department of Neurology, and Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, and
Microbiology and Immunology, University
of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Francine Yanchik-Slade
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Herman Li
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery
and Department of Neurology, and Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, and
Microbiology and Immunology, University
of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Niccolò Terrando
- Department
of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical
Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Bradley L. Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Harris A. Gelbard
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery
and Department of Neurology, and Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, and
Microbiology and Immunology, University
of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Todd D. Krauss
- Department of Chemistry and The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lei H, Li J, Kong X, Wang L, Peng X. Toward Surface Chemistry of Semiconductor Nanocrystals at an Atomic-Molecular Level. Acc Chem Res 2023. [PMID: 37413974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusProperties of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals with a single-crystalline structure are largely dominated by their surface structure at an atomic-molecular level, which is not well understood and controlled, due to a lack of experimental tools. However, if viewing the nanocrystal surface as three relatively independent spatial zones (i.e., crystal facets, inorganic-ligands interface, and ligands monolayer), we may approach an atomic-molecular level by coupling advanced experimental techniques and theoretical calculations.Semiconductor nanocrystals of interest are mainly based on compound semiconductors and mostly in two (or related) crystal structures, namely zinc-blende and wurtzite, which results in a small group of common low-index crystal facets. These low-index facets, from a surface-chemistry perspective, can be further classified into polar and nonpolar ones. Albeit far from being successful, the controlled formation of either polar or nonpolar facets is available for cadmium chalcogenide nanocrystals. Such facet-controlled systems offer a reliable basis for studying the inorganic-ligands interface. For convenience, here facet-controlled nanocrystals refer to a special class of shape-controlled ones, in which shape control is at an atomic level, instead of those with poorly defined facets (e.g., typical spheroids, nanorods, etc).Experimental and theoretical results reveal that type and bonding mode of surface ligands on nanocrystals is facet-specific and often beyond Green's classification (X-type, Z-type, and L-type). For instance, alkylamines bond strongly to the anion-terminated (0001) wurtzite facet in the form of ammonium ions, with three hydrogens of an ammonium ion bonding to three adjacent surface anion sites. With theoretically assessable experimental data, facet-ligands pairing can be identified using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. To make the pairing meaningful, possible forms of all potential ligands in the system need to be examined systematically, revealing the advantage of simple solution systems.Unlike the other two spatial zones, the ligands monolayer is disordered and dynamic at an atomic level. Thus, an understanding of the ligands monolayer on a molecular scale is sufficient for many cases. For colloidal nanocrystals stably coordinated with surface ligands, their solution properties are dictated by the ligands monolayer. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that solubility of a nanocrystal-ligands complex is an interplay between the intramolecular entropy of the ligands monolayer and intermolecular interactions of the ligands/nanocrystals. By introducing entropic ligands, solubility of nanocrystal-ligands complexes can be universally boosted by several orders of magnitude, i.e., up to >1 g/mL in typical organic solvents. Molecular environment in the pseudophase surrounding each nanocrystal plays a critical role in its chemical, photochemical, and photophysical properties.For some cases, such as the synthesis of high-quality nanocrystals, all three spatial zones of the nanocrystal surface must be taken into account. By optimizing nanocrystal surface at an atomic-molecular level, semiconductor nanocrystals with monodisperse size and facet structure become available recently through either direct synthesis or afterward facet reconstruction, implying full realization of their size-dependent properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Lei
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiongzhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xueqian Kong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Antolini F. Direct Optical Patterning of Quantum Dots: One Strategy, Different Chemical Processes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2008. [PMID: 37446523 DOI: 10.3390/nano13132008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Patterning, stability, and dispersion of the semiconductor quantum dots (scQDs) are three issues strictly interconnected for successful device manufacturing. Recently, several authors adopted direct optical patterning (DOP) as a step forward in photolithography to position the scQDs in a selected area. However, the chemistry behind the stability, dispersion, and patterning has to be carefully integrated to obtain a functional commercial device. This review describes different chemical strategies suitable to stabilize the scQDs both at a single level and as an ensemble. Special attention is paid to those strategies compatible with direct optical patterning (DOP). With the same purpose, the scQDs' dispersion in a matrix was described in terms of the scQD surface ligands' interactions with the matrix itself. The chemical processes behind the DOP are illustrated and discussed for five different approaches, all together considering stability, dispersion, and the patterning itself of the scQDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Antolini
- Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department, Physical Technology for Safety and Health Division, ENEA C.R. Frascati, Via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma H, Kang S, Lee S, Park G, Bae Y, Park G, Kim J, Li S, Baek H, Kim H, Yu JS, Lee H, Park J, Yang J. Moisture-Induced Degradation of Quantum-Sized Semiconductor Nanocrystals through Amorphous Intermediates. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37399231 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the water-induced degradation mechanism of quantum-sized semiconductor nanocrystals is an important prerequisite for their practical application because they are vulnerable to moisture compared to their bulk counterparts. In-situ liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy is a desired method for studying nanocrystal degradation, and it has recently gained technical advancement. Herein, the moisture-induced degradation of semiconductor nanocrystals is investigated using graphene double-liquid-layer cells that can control the initiation of reactions. Crystalline and noncrystalline domains of quantum-sized CdS nanorods are clearly distinguished during their decomposition with atomic-scale imaging capability of the developed liquid cells. The results reveal that the decomposition process is mediated by the involvement of the amorphous-phase formation, which is different from conventional nanocrystal etching. The reaction can proceed without the electron beam, suggesting that the amorphous-phase-mediated decomposition is induced by water. Our study discloses unexplored aspects of moisture-induced deformation pathways of semiconductor nanocrystals, involving amorphous intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjong Ma
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsu Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghan Lee
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Gisang Park
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuna Bae
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuri Park
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeon Baek
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongseung Kim
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sung Yu
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Energy Science and Engineering Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonkyung Lee
- Department of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Jungwon Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Yang
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
- Energy Science and Engineering Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Peng B, Zhou JF, Ding M, Shan BQ, Chen T, Zhang K. Structural water molecules dominated p band intermediate states as a unified model for the origin on the photoluminescence emission of noble metal nanoclusters: from monolayer protected clusters to cage confined nanoclusters. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2210723. [PMID: 37205011 PMCID: PMC10187113 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2210723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the past several decades, noble metal nanoclusters (NMNCs) have been developed as an emerging class of luminescent materials due to their superior photo-stability and biocompatibility, but their luminous quantum yield is relatively low and the physical origin of the bright photoluminescence (PL) of NMNCs remain elusive, which limited their practical application. As the well-defined structure and composition of NMNCs have been determined, in this mini-review, the effect of each component (metal core, ligand shell and interfacial water) on their PL properties and corresponded working mechanism were comprehensively introduced, and a model that structural water molecules dominated p band intermediate state was proposed to give a unified understanding on the PL mechanism of NMNCs and a further perspective to the future developments of NMNCs by revisiting the development of our studies on the PL mechanism of NMNCs in the past decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Qian Shan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratoire de chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, PR China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qileng A, Chen S, Liang H, Chen M, Lei H, Liu W, Liu Y. Boosting ultralong chemiluminescence for the self-powered time-resolved immunosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 234:115338. [PMID: 37137191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The construction of an immunosensor based on ultralong chemiluminescence is challenged due to the shortage of highly efficient initiator for long and stable catalysis. Herein, the heterogeneous Au/Pt@CuO/Cu2O catalyst was used to investigate the structure-activity relationship, while Au/Pt significantly promotes the activity of CuO/Cu2O to catalyze H2O2 and thus produces ·OH and O2•- radicals in highly alkaline solutions, resulting in the strong and long chemiluminescence in the reaction with luminol (10 mL, more than 4 min with 1 μg catalyst). By using the Au/Pt@CuO/Cu2O as the label in the immunoassay, the strong and long chemiluminescence could initiate the photocurrent of the photoelectrochemical (PEC) substrate, and the luminescence time could influence the photocurrent extinction time, thus a self-powered time-resolved PEC immunosensor was developed to detect furosemide, showing a linear relationship between the extinction time and the logarithm of concentrations from 10-3 to 1 μg/L. This work not only experimentally verifies that the Pt-O-Cu bond in heterogeneous catalysts breaks the pH limitation of the Fenton reaction, but also realizes the chemiluminescence for self-powered time-resolved immunosensor, thereby expanding the portable applicability of chemiluminescence in food safety inspection, health monitoring, and biomedical detection without external light source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aori Qileng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shizhang Chen
- College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongzhi Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongtao Lei
- The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; The Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang X, Zhou S, Zhang X, Xiang L, Xie B, Luo X. Enhancing oxygen/moisture resistance of quantum dots by short-chain, densely cross-linked silica glass network. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:465202. [PMID: 35926438 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac86de] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are facing significant photoluminescence degradation in moisture environment. In QDs-silicone composites, the poor water resistance of silicone matrix makes it easy for water and oxygen molecules to erode QDs. To tackle this issue, we proposed a new QDs protection strategy by introducing short-chain silica precursors onto the QDs' surface, so that a dense silica passivation layer could be formed onto the QDs nanoparticles. Sol-gel method based on 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS), and 3-mercaptopropyl triethoxysilane (MPTES) were adopted to prepare the uniform and crack-free QDs-silica glass (QD-glass). Because of the crosslinking of short-chain precursors, the formed silica glass possesses 38.6% smaller pore width and 68.6% lower pore volume than silicone, indicating its denser cross-linked network surrounding QDs. After 360 h water immersion, the QDs-glass demonstrated a 6% enhancement in red-light peak intensity, and maintained a stable full width at half maximum (FWHM) and peak wavelength, proving its excellent water-resistant ability. However, the conventional QDs-silicone composites not only showed a decrease of 75.3% in red-light peak intensity, but also a broadened FWHM and a redshifted peak wavelength after water immersion. QDs-glass also showed superior photostability after 132 h exposure to blue light. Red-light peak intensity of QDs-glass remained 87.3% of the initial while that of QDs-silicone decreased to 19.8%. And the intensity of QDs-glass dropped to 62.3% of that under 20 °C after thermal treatment of 160 °C. Besides, under increasing driving currents, the light conversion efficiency drop of QDs-glass is only one fifth that of QDs-silicone. Based on the QDs-glass, the white light-emitting diodes was achieved with a high luminous efficiency of 126.5 lm W-1and a high color rendering index of 95.4. Thus, the newly proposed QD-glass has great significance in guaranteeing the working reliability of QDs-converted devices against moisture and high-power environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuling Zhou
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyi Xiang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xie
- School of Mechanical Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Luo
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Widness JK, Enny DG, McFarlane-Connelly KS, Miedenbauer MT, Krauss TD, Weix DJ. CdS Quantum Dots as Potent Photoreductants for Organic Chemistry Enabled by Auger Processes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12229-12246. [PMID: 35772053 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Strong reducing agents (<-2.0 V vs saturated calomel electrode (SCE)) enable a wide array of useful organic chemistry, but suffer from a variety of limitations. Stoichiometric metallic reductants such as alkali metals and SmI2 are commonly employed for these reactions; however, considerations including expense, ease of use, safety, and waste generation limit the practicality of these methods. Recent approaches utilizing energy from multiple photons or electron-primed photoredox catalysis have accessed reduction potentials equivalent to Li0 and shown how this enables selective transformations of aryl chlorides via aryl radicals. However, in some cases, low stability of catalytic intermediates can limit turnover numbers. Herein, we report the ability of CdS nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) to function as strong photoreductants and present evidence that a highly reducing electron is generated from two consecutive photoexcitations of CdS QDs with intermediate reductive quenching. Mechanistic experiments suggest that Auger recombination, a photophysical phenomenon known to occur in photoexcited anionic QDs, generates transient thermally excited electrons to enable the observed reductions. Using blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and sacrificial amine reductants, aryl chlorides and phosphate esters with reduction potentials up to -3.4 V vs SCE are photoreductively cleaved to afford hydrodefunctionalized or functionalized products. In contrast to small-molecule catalysts, QDs are stable under these conditions and turnover numbers up to 47 500 have been achieved. These conditions can also effect other challenging reductions, such as tosylate protecting group removal from amines, debenzylation of benzyl-protected alcohols, and reductive ring opening of cyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas K Widness
- Department of Chemistry, UW─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel G Enny
- Department of Chemistry, UW─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | | | - Mahilet T Miedenbauer
- Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Todd D Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States.,Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States.,Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Daniel J Weix
- Department of Chemistry, UW─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Min J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu D, Garoufalis CS, Zeng Z, Shen H, Baskoutas S, Jia Y, Du Z. Size Engineering of Trap Effects in Oxidized and Hydroxylated ZnSe Quantum Dots. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3604-3611. [PMID: 35499490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly blue-emitting ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) are in high demand for next-generation light-emitting devices. Yet, they suffer longstanding optical instability issues under aerobic conditions. Herein, we have demonstrated the existence of oxidization or hydroxylation on the QD surface when QDs are subjected to oxygen exposure, which potentially introduces highly localized in-gap states. Those states result in a dense number of surface-related, weak-intensity "dark" exciton states at the emission edge. Remarkably, there exists a critical diameter (Dc ≈ 8.5 nm) at which the deepest trap level reaches resonance with the highest occupied molecular orbital state. Beyond this critical diameter, the effects of those trap states are minimized, and the emission edge is dominated by high-intensity, bulk-to-bulk-like "bright" exciton states. The present work provides a novel strategy for designing highly stable QD emitters via size engineering, which are broadly applicable to other closely related QD systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Min
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dangdang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zaiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaibin Shen
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
| | - Sotirios Baskoutas
- Materials Science Department, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Yu Jia
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
- International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan, and School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuliang Du
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|