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Liao Q, Li A, Huang A, Wang J, Chang K, Li H, Yao P, Zhong C, Xie P, Wang J, Li Z, Li Q. Controllable π-π coupling of intramolecular dimer models in aggregated states. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4364-4373. [PMID: 38516094 PMCID: PMC10952094 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05533g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
π-π coupling as a common interaction plays a key role in emissions, transport and mechanical properties of organic materials. However, the precise control of π-π coupling is still challenging owing to the possible interference from other intermolecular interactions in the aggregated state, usually resulting in uncontrollable emission properties. Herein, with the rational construction of intramolecular dimer models and crystal engineering, π-π coupling can be subtly modulated by conformation variation with balanced π-π and π-solvent interactions and visualized by green-to-blue emission switching. Moreover, it can rapidly respond to temperature, pressure and mechanical force, affording a facile way to modulate π-π coupling in situ. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of the internal mechanism of molecular motions in aggregated states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Liao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Aisen Li
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Fuzhou 350207 China
| | - Arui Huang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Kai Chang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Hehua Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Pengfei Yao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Peidong Xie
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
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2
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Zhang J, Zhou G, Un HI, Zheng F, Jastrzembski K, Wang M, Guo Q, Mücke D, Qi H, Lu Y, Wang Z, Liang Y, Löffler M, Kaiser U, Frauenheim T, Mateo-Alonso A, Huang Z, Sirringhaus H, Feng X, Dong R. Wavy Two-Dimensional Conjugated Metal-Organic Framework with Metallic Charge Transport. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23630-23638. [PMID: 37852932 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) have emerged as a new class of crystalline layered conducting materials that hold significant promise for applications in electronics and spintronics. However, current 2D c-MOFs are mainly made from organic planar ligands, whereas layered 2D c-MOFs constructed by curved or twisted ligands featuring novel orbital structures and electronic states remain less developed. Herein, we report a Cu-catecholate wavy 2D c-MOF (Cu3(HFcHBC)2) based on a fluorinated core-twisted contorted hexahydroxy-hexa-cata-hexabenzocoronene (HFcHBC) ligand. We show that the resulting film is composed of rod-like single crystals with lengths up to ∼4 μm. The crystal structure is resolved by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED), indicating a wavy honeycomb lattice with AA-eclipsed stacking. Cu3(HFcHBC)2 is predicted to be metallic based on theoretical calculation, while the crystalline film sample with numerous grain boundaries apparently exhibits semiconducting behavior at the macroscopic scale, characterized by obvious thermally activated conductivity. Temperature-dependent electrical conductivity measurements on the isolated single-crystal devices indeed demonstrate the metallic nature of Cu3(HFcHBC)2, with a very weak thermally activated transport behavior and a room-temperature conductivity of 5.2 S cm-1. Furthermore, the 2D c-MOFs can be utilized as potential electrode materials for energy storage, which display decent capacity (163.3 F g-1) and excellent cyclability in an aqueous 5 M LiCl electrolyte. Our work demonstrates that wavy 2D c-MOF using contorted ligands are capable of intrinsic metallic transport, marking the emergence of new conductive MOFs for electronic and energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Guojun Zhou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Hio-Ieng Un
- Optoelectronics Group, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Fulu Zheng
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Kamil Jastrzembski
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Mingchao Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Quanquan Guo
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - David Mücke
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Electron Microscopy of Materials Science Central, Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Haoyuan Qi
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Electron Microscopy of Materials Science Central, Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Yang Lu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Yan Liang
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Markus Löffler
- Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis (DCN), Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Electron Microscopy of Materials Science Central, Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Thomas Frauenheim
- Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, Bremen 28759, Germany
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
- Shenzhen JL Computational Science and Applied Research Institute, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Aurelio Mateo-Alonso
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, Donostia-San, Sebastian 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48011, Spain
| | - Zhehao Huang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Henning Sirringhaus
- Optoelectronics Group, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Renhao Dong
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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3
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Bürgin T, Ogawa T, Wenger OS. Better Covalent Connection in a Molecular Triad Enables More Efficient Photochemical Energy Storage. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13597-13607. [PMID: 37562775 PMCID: PMC10445269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the kinetics of light-induced charge separation and thermal charge recombination in donor-acceptor compounds, but quantum efficiencies have rarely been investigated. Here, we report on two essentially isomeric molecular triads, both comprising a π-extended tetrathiafulvalene (ExTTF) donor, a ruthenium(II)-based photosensitizer, and a naphthalene diimide (NDI) acceptor. The key difference between the two triads is how the NDI acceptor is connected. Linkage at the NDI core provides stronger electronic coupling to the other molecular components than connection via the nitrogen atoms of NDI. This change in molecular connectivity is expected to accelerate both energy-storing charge separation and energy-wasting charge recombination processes, but it is not a priori clear how this will affect the triad's ability to store photochemical energy; any gain resulting from faster charge separation could potentially be (over)compensated by losses through accelerated charge recombination. The new key insight emerging from our study is that the quantum yield for the formation of a long-lived charge-separated state increases by a factor of 5 when going from nitrogen- to core-connected NDI, providing the important proof of concept that better molecular connectivity indeed enables more efficient photochemical energy storage. The physical origin of this behavior seems to root in different orbital connectivity pathways for charge separation and charge recombination, as well as in differences in the relevant orbital interactions depending on NDI connection. Our work provides guidelines for how to discriminate between energy-storing and energy-wasting electron transfer reactions in order to improve the quantum yields for photochemical energy storage and solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias
H. Bürgin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Tomohiro Ogawa
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, Basel 4056, Switzerland
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, University
of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, Basel 4056, Switzerland
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4
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Zeng L, Zhang T, Liu R, Tian W, Wu K, Zhu J, Wang Z, He C, Feng J, Guo X, Douka AI, Duan C. Chalcogen-bridged coordination polymer for the photocatalytic activation of aryl halides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4002. [PMID: 37414824 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to deliver electrons is vital for dye-based photocatalysts. Conventionally, the aromatic stacking-based charge-transfer complex increases photogenerated electron accessibility but decreases the energy of excited-state dyes. To circumvent this dilemma, here we show a strategy by tuning the stacking mode of dyes. By decorating naphthalene diimide with S-bearing branches, the S···S contact-linked naphthalene diimide string is created in coordination polymer, thereby enhancing electron mobility while simultaneously preserving competent excited-state reducing power. This benefit, along with in situ assembly between naphthalene diimide strings and exogenous reagent/reactant, improves the accessibility of short-lived excited states during consecutive photon excitation, resulting in greater efficiency in photoinduced electron-transfer activation of inert bonds in comparison to other coordination polymers with different dye-stacking modes. This heterogeneous approach is successfully applied in the photoreduction of inert aryl halides and the successive formation of CAr-C/S/P/B bonds with potential pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Tiexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Renhai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wenming Tian
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhonghe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Abdoulkader Ibro Douka
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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5
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Sebastian E, Hariharan M. A Symmetry-Broken Charge-Separated State in the Marcus Inverted Region. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216482. [PMID: 36697363 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a long-lived charge-separated state in a chromophoric pair (DC-PDI2 ) that uniquely integrates the advantages of fundamental processes of photosynthetic reaction centers: i) Symmetry-breaking charge-separation (SB-CS) and ii) Marcus-inverted-region dependence. The near-orthogonal bichromophoric DC-PDI2 manifests an ultrafast evolution of the SB-CS state with a time constant of τ S B - C S ${{\tau }_{{\rm S}{\rm B}-{\rm C}{\rm S}}}$ =0.35±0.02 ps and a slow charge recombination (CR) kinetics with τ C R ${{\tau }_{{\rm C}{\rm R}}}$ =4.09±0.01 ns in ACN. The rate constant of CR of DC-PDI2 is 11 686 times slower than SB-CS in ACN, as the CR of the PDI radical ion-pair occurs in the deep inverted region of the Marcus parabola ( - Δ G C R ${{-{\rm \Delta }G}_{{\rm C}{\rm R}}}$ >λ). In contrast, an analogous benzyloxy (BnO)-substituted DC-BPDI2 showcases a ≈10-fold accelerated CR kinetics with τ C R / τ S B - C S ${{\tau }_{{\rm C}{\rm R}}/{\tau }_{{\rm S}{\rm B}-{\rm C}{\rm S}}}$ lowering to ≈1536 in ACN, by virtue of a decreased CR driving force. The present investigation demonstrates a control of molecular engineering to tune the energetics and kinetics of the SB-CS material, which is essential for next-generation optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebin Sebastian
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695551, Kerala, India
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6
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Pratihar S, Prasad E. Effect of positional isomerism on the excited state charge transfer dynamics of anthracene-based D-π-A systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5226-5236. [PMID: 36723193 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03958c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of the back electron transfer (BET) rate of ion pairs from the electronically excited state of donor-acceptor systems is crucial for developing materials for organic electronics. The structure-property relationships in the organic molecular architectures play a key role in controlling the BET rate and have been utilized as a criterion to design systems with a reduced BET rate. Here, we examine the influence of isomerism on the BET rate in anthracene based systems, viz., (E)-2-(2-(anthracen-9-yl)vinyl)benzonitrile (ortho-CN) and (E)-3-(2-(anthracen-9-yl)vinyl)benzonitrile (meta-CN) with N,N-diethylaniline (DEA) in methylcyclohexane using time-resolved spectroscopy. The radical cation (DEA˙+) and the radical anion (ortho-CN˙- or meta-CN˙-) generated after photoexcitation show synchronous decay kinetics, and the rate constant of back electron transfer (kBET) for the DEA/ortho-CN pair was 6.6 × 104 s-1, which is ca. 2 orders of magnitude lower compared with the DEA/meta-CN pair. The role of isomerism in providing resonance stabilization for the organic radicals is expected to have implications for strategies that retard charge recombination in photovoltaics. The role of the molecular structural features that dictate the kinetics for charge recombination has been further identified using quantum calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swatilekha Pratihar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Edamana Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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7
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Liu S, Liu X, Gong Y, Hu Q, Yu L. π-Electronic Coassembled Microflake Sensors with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Enhanced Discrimination of Methanol and Ethanol. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13980-13988. [PMID: 35286806 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the field of fluorescence-based gas sensing, it is very difficult to realize the distinction of the molecules with similar chemical properties and slight structural differences (e.g., methanol and ethanol). Herein, we fabricated coassemblies of energy-donor molecule 1 (M1) and energy-acceptor molecule 2 (M2) with different molar ratios. These materials can selectively differentiate methanol and ethanol by regulating the distance of exciton migration of donor M1 by embedding energy-acceptor M2. More importantly, methanol can also be detected from the mixture vapors of methanol and ethanol. These results provide a new approach for developing fluorescence sensors that are highly sensitive to molecules with very small difference in the chemical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Hisense Video Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, China
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8
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Sasikumar D, Vinod K, Sunny J, Hariharan M. Exciton interactions in helical crystals of a hydrogen-bonded eumelanin monomer. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2331-2338. [PMID: 35310511 PMCID: PMC8864807 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06755a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Eumelanin, a naturally occurring group of heterogeneous polymers/aggregates providing photoprotection to living organisms, consist of 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) building blocks. Despite their prevalence in the animal world, the structure and therefore the mechanism behind the photoprotective broadband absorption and non-radiative decay of eumelanin remain largely unknown. As a small step towards solving the incessant mystery, DHI is crystallized in a non-protic solvent environment to obtain DHI crystals having a helical packing motif. The present approach reflects the solitary directional effect of hydrogen bonds between the DHI chromophores for generating the crystalline assembly and filters out any involvement of the surrounding solvent environment. The DHI single crystals having an atypical chiral packing motif (P212121 Sohncke space group) incorporate enantiomeric zig-zag helical stacks arranged in a herringbone fashion with respect to each other. Each of the zig-zag helical stacks originates from a bifurcated hydrogen bonding interaction between the hydroxyl substituents in adjacent DHI chromophores which act as the backbone structure for the helical assembly. Fragment-based excited state analysis performed on the DHI crystalline assembly demonstrates exciton delocalization along the DHI units that connect each enantiomeric helical stack while, within each stack, the excitons remain localized. Fascinatingly, over the time evolution for generation of single-crystals of the DHI-monomer, mesoscopic double-helical crystals are formed, possibly attributed to the presence of covalently connected DHI trimers in chloroform solution. The oligomeric DHI (in line with the chemical disorder model) along with the characteristic crystalline packing observed for DHI provides insights into the broadband absorption feature exhibited by the chromophore. Single crystals of DHI monomer, a eumelanin precursor, adopt an atypical chiral packing arrangement incorporating enantiomeric zig-zag helical stacks while its covalently connected DHI trimer forms double-helical crystals in the mesoscopic scale.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Sasikumar
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Kavya Vinod
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Jeswin Sunny
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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9
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Sebastian E, Hariharan M. Null Exciton-Coupled Chromophoric Dimer Exhibits Symmetry-Breaking Charge Separation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13769-13781. [PMID: 34370481 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the structure-property relationships in multichromophoric architectures has pushed the limits for developing robust photosynthetic mimics and molecular photovoltaics. The elusive phenomenon of null exciton splitting has gathered immense attention in recent years owing to the occurrence in unique chromophoric architectures and consequent emergent properties. Herein, we unveil the hitherto unobserved null exciton coupling assisted highly efficient photoinduced symmetry-breaking charge separation (SB-CS) in a Greek cross (+)-oriented spiro-conjugated perylenediimide dimer (Sp-PDI2). Quantum chemical calculations have rationalized the infrequent manifestation of null exciton coupling behavior in Sp-PDI2. Negligible contribution of long-range Coulombic and short-range charge-transfer mediated coupling renders a monomer-like spectroscopic signature for Sp-PDI2 in toluene. The Greek cross (+)-arranged Sp-PDI2 possesses a selective hole-transfer coupling, facilitating the ultrafast dissociation of null excitons and evolution of the charge-separated state in polar solvents. Radical cationic and anionic spectroscopic signatures were characterized by employing femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The substantial hole transfer electronic coupling and lower activation energy barrier of Sp-PDI2 accelerated the charge separation rate. The rate of charge recombination (CR) markedly decelerated due to falling into the inverted region of the Marcus parabola, where the driving force of CR is larger than the total reorganization energy for CR. Hence, the ratio of the rates for SB-CS over CR of Sp-PDI2 exhibited an unprecedently high value of 2647 in acetonitrile. The current study provides impeccable evidence for the role of selective charge filtering in governing efficient SB-CS and thereby novel insights towards the design of biomimics and advanced functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebin Sebastian
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
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10
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Madhu M, Ramakrishnan R, Vijay V, Hariharan M. Free Charge Carriers in Homo-Sorted π-Stacks of Donor-Acceptor Conjugates. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8234-8284. [PMID: 34133137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the high photoconversion efficiency observed in natural light-harvesting systems, the hierarchical organization of molecular building blocks has gained impetus in the past few decades. Particularly, the molecular arrangement and packing in the active layer of organic solar cells (OSCs) have garnered significant attention due to the decisive role of the nature of donor/acceptor (D/A) heterojunctions in charge carrier generation and ultimately the power conversion efficiency. This review focuses on the recent developments in emergent optoelectronic properties exhibited by self-sorted donor-on-donor/acceptor-on-acceptor arrangement of covalently linked D-A systems, highlighting the ultrafast excited state dynamics of charge transfer and transport. Segregated organization of donors and acceptors promotes the delocalization of photoinduced charges among the stacks, engendering an enhanced charge separation lifetime and percolation pathways with ambipolar conductivity and charge carrier yield. Covalently linking donors and acceptors ensure a sufficient D-A interface and interchromophoric electronic coupling as required for faster charge separation while providing better control over their supramolecular assemblies. The design strategies to attain D-A conjugate assemblies with optimal charge carrier generation efficiency, the scope of their application compared to state-of-the-art OSCs, current challenges, and future opportunities are discussed in the review. An integrated overview of rational design approaches derived from the comprehension of underlying photoinduced processes can pave the way toward superior optoelectronic devices and bring in new possibilities to the avenue of functional supramolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Madhu
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Vishnu Vijay
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
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11
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Zhu X, Hessin C, Salamé A, Sosa-Vargas L, Kreher D, Adachi C, Proust A, Mialane P, Marrot J, Bouchet A, Sliwa M, Méry S, Heinrich B, Mathevet F, Izzet G. Photoactive Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials with Nanosegregated Donor-Acceptor Arrays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8419-8424. [PMID: 33448550 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the first mesogenic donor-acceptor polyoxometalate (POM)-based hybrid is herein described. The structural and electronic properties of the hybrid compound were evaluated through combination of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, optical microscopy, electrochemistry and photoluminescence. In the solid state, the compound behaves as a birefringent solid, displaying a lamellar organization in which double-layers of POMs and bis(thiophene)thienothiophene organic donors alternate regularly. Noticeably, the sub-unit organizations in the composite are similar to that observed for the individual POM and organic donor precursors. Photophysical studies show that in the hybrid, the fluorescence of the organic donor unit is considerably quenched both in solution and in the solid state, which is attributed to occurrence of intramolecular charge-separated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Cheriehan Hessin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Aude Salamé
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Lydia Sosa-Vargas
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - David Kreher
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Anna Proust
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Mialane
- Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Institut Lavoisier Versailles, Université Paris Saclay, UMR CNRS 8180, 78035, Versailles cedex, France
| | - Jérome Marrot
- Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Institut Lavoisier Versailles, Université Paris Saclay, UMR CNRS 8180, 78035, Versailles cedex, France
| | - Aude Bouchet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Michel Sliwa
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516, LASIRE, LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Stéphane Méry
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR, 7504, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR, 7504, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Mathevet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.,Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Guillaume Izzet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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12
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Gowri V, Jalwal S, Dar AH, Gopal A, Muthukrishnan A, Bajaj A, Ali ME, Jayamurugan G. A subtle change in substituent enabled multi-ways fluorine anion signals including paper-strip colorimetric detection using urea-functionalized push–pull chromophore receptor. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Zhu X, Hessin C, Salamé A, Sosa‐Vargas L, Kreher D, Adachi C, Proust A, Mialane P, Marrot J, Bouchet A, Sliwa M, Méry S, Heinrich B, Mathevet F, Izzet G. Photoactive Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials with Nanosegregated Donor–Acceptor Arrays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhu
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Cheriehan Hessin
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Aude Salamé
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Lydia Sosa‐Vargas
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - David Kreher
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Anna Proust
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | - Pierre Mialane
- Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines Institut Lavoisier Versailles Université Paris Saclay UMR CNRS 8180 78035 Versailles cedex France
| | - Jérome Marrot
- Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines Institut Lavoisier Versailles Université Paris Saclay UMR CNRS 8180 78035 Versailles cedex France
| | - Aude Bouchet
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 LASIRE LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement 59000 Lille France
| | - Michel Sliwa
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 LASIRE LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement 59000 Lille France
| | - Stéphane Méry
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg UMR 7504 Strasbourg France
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg UMR 7504 Strasbourg France
| | - Fabrice Mathevet
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Guillaume Izzet
- Sorbonne Université CNRS Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire IPCM 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
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14
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Bhattacharyya A, De Sarkar S, Das A. Supramolecular Engineering and Self-Assembly Strategies in Photoredox Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Bhattacharyya
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246. India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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15
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Krishnan SB, Gopidas KR. Generation of Long-Lived Photoinduced Charge Separation in a Supramolecular Toroidal Assembly. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9546-9555. [PMID: 32897708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c05410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficiencies of artificial photosynthetic and photocatalytic systems depend on their ability to generate long-lived charge-separated (CS) states in photoinduced electron transfer (PET) reactions. PET, in most cases, is followed by an ultrafast back electron transfer, which severely reduces lifetime and quantum yield of CS states. Generation of a long-lived CS state is an important goal in the study of PET reactions. Herein, we report that this goal is achieved using a hierarchically self-assembled anthracene-methyl viologen donor-acceptor system. Anthracene linked to two β-cyclodextrin molecules (CD-AN-CD) and methyl viologen linked to two adamantane units (AD-MV2+-AD) form an inclusion complex in water, which further self-assembled into well-defined toroidal nanostructures. The fluorescence of anthracene is highly quenched in the self-assembled system because of PET from anthracene to methyl viologen. Irradiation of the aqueous toroidal solution led to formation of a long-lived CS state. Rational mechanisms for the formation of the toroidal nanostructures and long-lived photoinduced charge separation are presented in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumesh B Krishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Karical R Gopidas
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India
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16
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Philip AM, Hsu CC, Wei Z, Fridriksson MB, Grozema FC, Jager WF. Directing charge transfer in perylene based light-harvesting antenna molecules. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:144302. [PMID: 33086833 DOI: 10.1063/5.0021454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Directing energy and charge transfer processes in light-harvesting antenna systems is quintessential for optimizing the efficiency of molecular devices for artificial photosynthesis. In this work, we report a novel synthetic method to construct two regioisomeric antenna molecules (1-D2A2 and 7-D2A2), in which the 4-(n-butylamino)naphthalene monoimide energy and electron donor is attached to the perylene monoimide diester (PMIDE) acceptor at the 1- and 7-bay positions, respectively. The non-symmetric structure of PMIDE renders a polarized distribution of the frontier molecular orbitals along the long axis of this acceptor moiety, which differentiates the electron coupling between the donor, attached at either the 1- or the 7-position, and the acceptor. We demonstrate that directional control of the photo-driven charge transfer process has been obtained by engineering the molecular structure of the light-harvesting antenna molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey M Philip
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chao Chun Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Zimu Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Magnus B Fridriksson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ferdinand C Grozema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Wolter F Jager
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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17
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Sasikumar D, John AT, Sunny J, Hariharan M. Access to the triplet excited states of organic chromophores. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6122-6140. [PMID: 32794539 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00484g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, exploring the pathways to access the triplet excited states of organic chromophores has been a stimulating area of research. Among the numerous photoinduced processes in organic chromophores, analysis of intersystem crossing (ISC) dynamics has received immense attention. The ISC process involves a spin-forbidden horizontal transition from an excited singlet state to a higher vibrational level of the isoenergetic triplet state. Generally, ISC necessitates a strong driving force from efficient spin-orbit coupling (SOC) between the singlet and triplet wavefunctions. The magnitude of SOC can be tuned by the substituent groups (e.g. heavy atoms, carbonyl moieties) or by the out-of-plane vibrational modes in the chromophores. Besides the SOC induced ISC pathway, triplet excited states are also realised in organic chromophores through singlet fission or via charge recombination. Accessing the triplet manifold in π-conjugated systems would also include a possible evolution to more aromatically stable configurations in the excited states, an emerging area that needs attention. In the aforesaid mechanisms, the molecular architecture and/or packing arrangement of the chromophores are vital for the effective population of triplet states. We, herein, present a collection of synthetic, spectroscopic and theoretical investigations that provide insights into the diverse pathways to access triplet excited states in organic chromophores. We believe this tutorial review would prove beneficial for researchers to achieve triplet excited states of organic chromophores for numerous biochemical and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Sasikumar
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India.
| | - Athira T John
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India.
| | - Jeswin Sunny
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India.
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala P.O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India.
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18
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Lijina MP, Benny A, Ramakrishnan R, Nair NG, Hariharan M. Exciton Isolation in Cross-Pentacene Architecture. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17393-17402. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Lijina
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Alfy Benny
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Nanditha G. Nair
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
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19
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Kumar R, Aggarwal H, Srivastava A. Of Twists and Curves: Electronics, Photophysics, and Upcoming Applications of Non-Planar Conjugated Organic Molecules. Chemistry 2020; 26:10653-10675. [PMID: 32118325 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-planar conjugated organic molecules (NPCOMs) contain π-conjugation across their length and also exhibit asymmetry in their conformation. In other words, certain molecular fragments in NPCOMs are either twisted or curved out of planarity. This conformational asymmetry in NPCOMs leads to non-uniform charge-distribution across the molecule, with important photophysical and electronic consequences such as altered thermodynamic stability, chemical reactivity, as well as materials properties. Majorly, NPCOMs can be classified as having either Fused or Rotatable architectures. NPCOMs have been the focus of significant scientific attention in the recent past due to their exciting photophysical behavior that includes intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT), thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and long-lived charge-separated states. In addition, they also have many useful materials characteristics such as biradical character, semi-conductivity, dynamic conformations, and mechanochromism. As a result, rational design of NPCOMs and mapping their structure-property correlations has become imperative. Researchers have executed conformational changes in NPCOMs through a variety of external stimuli such as pH, temperature, anions-cations, solvent, electric potential, and mechanical force in order to tailor their photophysical, optoelectronic and magnetic properties. Converging to these points, this review highlights the lucrative electronic features, photophysical traits and upcoming applications of NPCOMs by a selective survey of the recent scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Himanshu Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462066, India
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20
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Pratihar S, Bhattacharyya A, Prasad E. Achieving ACQ-AIE modulation using isostructural organic fluorophores. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Mohan A, Sasikumar D, Bhat V, Hariharan M. Metastable Chiral Azobenzenes Stabilized in a Double Racemate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3201-3208. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amalu Mohan
- School of chemistryIndian institute of science education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Devika Sasikumar
- School of chemistryIndian institute of science education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Vinayak Bhat
- School of chemistryIndian institute of science education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of chemistryIndian institute of science education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM) Maruthamala P.O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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22
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23
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Castrogiovanni A, Herr P, Larsen CB, Guo X, Sparr C, Wenger OS. Shortcuts for Electron-Transfer through the Secondary Structure of Helical Oligo-1,2-Naphthylenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:16748-16754. [PMID: 31674695 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Atropisomeric 1,2-naphthylene scaffolds provide access to donor-acceptor compounds with helical oligomer-based bridges, and transient absorption studies revealed a highly unusual dependence of the electron-transfer rate on oligomer length, which is due to their well-defined secondary structure. Close noncovalent intramolecular contacts enable shortcuts for electron transfer that would otherwise have to occur over longer distances along covalent pathways, reminiscent of the behavior seen for certain proteins. The simplistic picture of tube-like electron transfer can describe this superposition of different pathways including both the covalent helical backbone, as well as noncovalent contacts, contrasting the wire-like behavior reported many times before for more conventional molecular bridges. The exquisite control over the molecular architecture, achievable with the configurationally stable and topologically defined 1,2-naphthylene-based scaffolds, is of key importance for the tube-like electron transfer behavior. Our insights are relevant for the emerging field of multidimensional electron transfer and for possible future applications in molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Herr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christopher B Larsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xingwei Guo
- Current address: Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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24
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Ramakrishnan R, Niyas MA, Lijina MP, Hariharan M. Distinct Crystalline Aromatic Structural Motifs: Identification, Classification, and Implications. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:3075-3086. [PMID: 31449389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Spatial noncovalent helical organization of nucleobases in DNA and radial organization of chromophores in natural light-harvesting systems are fascinating yet enigmatic. Understanding the numerous weak interactions that drive the formation of elegant supramolecular architectures in native natural systems and developing bioinspired design strategies have seen a surge of interest in recent decades. Self-assembly of functional chromophores in the crystalline phase is a definitive strategy to identify novel molecule-molecule interactions, in particular, atom-atom interactions, and to understand the synergistic nature of noncovalent interactions that stabilizes the supramolecular organization. This Account narrates our recent efforts in developing desirable supramolecular motifs employing weak interaction-based strategies and our observation of deviations from the common motifs chartered in aromatic systems. Modulation of long-range aromatic interactions through chemical modifications (acylation, benzoylation, haloacylation, and alkylation of chromophores) to attain a preferred stacking (herringbone, lamellar, or columnar) is presented. Particular attention has been given to attaining lamellar or columnar packing possessing potential interchromophoric electronic coupling mediated high charge mobility. Supramolecular arrangements of noncovalently or covalently associated donor-acceptor systems that open up additional possibilities of packing modes (segregated, mixed etc.) are explored. Our persistent efforts yielded distinct twisted-segregated and alternate distichous stacks for the nonparallel covalently linked donor-acceptor systems that favor a long-lived photoinduced charge-separated state. We further move on to discuss the unconventional packing motifs that were identified recently. The highly sought-after Greek cross (+) stacking of chromophores in crystalline phase and an elegant crystalline radial arrangement of chromophores are examined. The Greek cross (+) stacked architecture exhibits monomer-like emission characteristics owing to the absence of exciton coupling across the orthogonally stacked chromophores. Crystalline helical chromophore assembly is yet another emerging motif with far-reaching applications in domains ranging from asymmetric catalysis to chiral smart materials and has been accounted here by citing certain phenomenal examples from literature. Thus, this Account demonstrates that identifying and classifying new structural motifs based on topological aspects, such as interchromophoric orientation (cross) and extended chromophore arrangement in the crystal lattice (radial, helical, etc.), are crucial since such fundamental characteristics dictate the properties emerging out of the corresponding motifs. Encouraged from ours and others' works, we propose the addition of new aromatic supramolecular structural motifs, namely, cross-stacked, helical, and radial arrangements, in order to expand the classification. We believe that identifying new emergent property-based supramolecular motifs and investigating the methods to achieve the desired motif will eventually have implications in fundamental crystal engineering, supramolecular chemistry, and biomimetic design of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - M. A. Niyas
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - M. P. Lijina
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
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25
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Levine AM, Biswas S, Braunschweig AB. Photoactive organic material discovery with combinatorial supramolecular assembly. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:3858-3869. [PMID: 36132107 PMCID: PMC9419180 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00476a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have received substantial attention as active components in optoelectronic devices because of their processability and customizable properties. Tailoring the organic active layer in these devices to exhibit the desired optoelectronic properties requires understanding the complex and often subtle structure-property relationships governing their photophysical response to light. Both structural organization and molecular orbitals play pivotal roles, and their interactions with each other are difficult to anticipate based upon the structure of the components alone, especially in systems comprised of multiple components. In pursuit of design rules, there is a need to explore multicomponent systems combinatorially to access larger data sets, and supramolecularly to use error correcting, noncovalent assembly to achieve long-range order. This review will focus on the use of supramolecular chemistry to study combinatorial, hierarchical organic systems with emergent optoelectronic properties. Specifically, we will describe systems that undergo excited state deactivation by charge transfer (CT), singlet fission (SF), and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Adopting combinatorial, supramolecular assembly to study emergent photophysics promises to rapidly accelerate progress in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Levine
- Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center, City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College 695 Park Avenue New York NY 10065 USA
- Graduate Center, City University of New York 365 5th Avenue New York NY 10016 USA
| | - Sankarsan Biswas
- Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center, City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College 695 Park Avenue New York NY 10065 USA
- Graduate Center, City University of New York 365 5th Avenue New York NY 10016 USA
| | - Adam B Braunschweig
- Advanced Science Research Center, Graduate Center, City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College 695 Park Avenue New York NY 10065 USA
- Graduate Center, City University of New York 365 5th Avenue New York NY 10016 USA
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26
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Niyas MA, Ramakrishnan R, Vijay V, Sebastian E, Hariharan M. Anomalous Halogen–Halogen Interaction Assists Radial Chromophoric Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4536-4540. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Niyas
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Vishnu Vijay
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Ebin Sebastian
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695551
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27
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Letrun R, Lang B, Yushchenko O, Wilcken R, Svechkarev D, Kolodieznyi D, Riedle E, Vauthey E. Excited-state dynamics of a molecular dyad with two orthogonally-oriented fluorophores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:30219-30230. [PMID: 30489576 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05356a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of a T-shaped bichromophoric molecule, consisting of two strong fluorophores, diphenyloxazole and diphenylpyrazoline, directly linked in an orthogonal geometry, was investigated. Despite the weak coupling ensured by this geometry and confirmed by the electronic absorption spectra, this dyad exhibits only weak fluorescence in both apolar and polar solvents, with fluorescence lifetimes ranging from 200 ps in CHX to 10 ps in ACN. Ultrafast spectroscopic measurements reveal that the fluorescence quenching in polar solvents is due to the population of a charge-separated state. In non-polar solvents, this process is energetically not feasible, and a quenching due to an efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) to the triplet manifold is proposed, based on quantum-chemical calculations. This process occurs via the spin-orbit charge-transfer (SOCT) ISC mechanism, which is enabled by the charge-transfer character acquired by the S1 state of the dyad upon structural relaxation and by the orthogonal arrangement of the molecular orbitals involved in the transition. The same mechanism is proposed to explain why the recombination of the charge-separated state is faster in medium than in highly polar solvents, as well as to account for the fast decay of the lowest triplet state to the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Letrun
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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28
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Philip AM, Manikandan SK, Shaji A, Hariharan M. Concerted Interplay of Excimer and Dipole Coupling Governs the Exciton Relaxation Dynamics in Crystalline Anthracenes. Chemistry 2018; 24:18089-18096. [PMID: 30260513 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A combined theoretical and experimental investigation into the role of concerted long- (dipole coupling) and short-range (orbital overlap mediated excimer) electronic interactions in modulating the emission of six crystalline acetylanthracenes (1-3) is reported. Friedel-Crafts acylation of anthracene rendered crystalline acetylanthracenes with discrete close packing, varied orbital overlap, and resultant distinct emission (blue-green-yellow) from cooperative excimer and dipole coupling. Time-resolved emission spectroscopy (TRES) studies and the Kasha's exciton theory based quantitative estimation of dipole coupling (mean-field approximation) substantiates the exciton dynamics in crystalline 1-3. Extension of the Kasha's exciton model beyond the traditional nearest-neighbor approach, and consistent agreement among the computed spectral shifts and TRES temporal components, corroborate a holistic approach to decipher the exciton relaxation dynamics in the molecular assembly of novel photonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey M Philip
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education, and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Sreenath K Manikandan
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education, and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India.,Present Address: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Anil Shaji
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education, and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education, and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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29
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Sebastian E, Philip AM, Benny A, Hariharan M. Null Exciton Splitting in Chromophoric Greek Cross (+) Aggregate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15696-15701. [PMID: 30338635 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Exciton interactions in molecular aggregates play a crucial role in tailoring the optical behaviour of π-conjugated materials. Though vital for optoelectronic applications, ideal Greek cross-dipole (α=90°) stacking of chromophores remains elusive. We report a novel Greek cross (+) assembly of 1,7-dibromoperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic tetrabutylester (PTE-Br2 ) which exhibits null exciton coupling mediated monomer-like optical characteristics in the crystalline state. In contrast, nonzero exciton coupling in X-type (α=70.2°, PTE-Br0 ) and J-type (α=0°, θ=48.4°, PTE-Br4 ) assemblies have perturbed optical properties. Additionally, the semi-classical Marcus theory of charge-transfer rates predicts a selective hole transport phenomenon in the orthogonally stacked PTE-Br2 . Precise rotation angle dependent optoelectronic properties in crystalline PTE-Br2 can have consequences in the rational design of novel π-conjugated materials for photonic and molecular electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebin Sebastian
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Abbey M Philip
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Alfy Benny
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM), Maruthamala P. O., Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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30
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Sebastian E, Philip AM, Benny A, Hariharan M. Null Exciton Splitting in Chromophoric Greek Cross (+) Aggregate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebin Sebastian
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Abbey M. Philip
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Alfy Benny
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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31
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Park SK, Kim JH, Park SY. Organic 2D Optoelectronic Crystals: Charge Transport, Emerging Functions, and Their Design Perspective. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1704759. [PMID: 29663536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
2D organic semiconductor crystals are emerging as a fascinating platform with regard to their applications in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), attributed to their enhanced charge transport efficiency and their new optoelectronic functions, based on their unique morphological features. Advances in material processing techniques have not only enabled easy fabrication of few-monolayered 2D nanostructures but also facilitated exploration of the interesting properties induced by characteristic 2D morphologies. However, to date, only a limited number of representative organic semiconductors have been utilized in organic 2D optoelectronics. Therefore, in order to further spur this research, an intuitive crystal engineering principle for realizing organic 2D crystals is required. In this regard, here, not only the important implications of applying 2D structures to OFET devices are discussed but also a crystal engineering protocol is provided that first predicts molecular arrangements depending on the molecular factors, which is followed by realizing 2D supramolecular synthon networks for different molecular packing motifs. It is expected that 2D organic semiconductor crystals developed by this approach will pave a promising way toward next-generation organic 2D optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Kyu Park
- Center for Supramolecular Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea
| | - Jin Hong Kim
- Center for Supramolecular Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea
| | - Soo Young Park
- Center for Supramolecular Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-744, South Korea
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32
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Bhattacharyya A, Pratihar S, Prasad E. Photoinduced electron transfer processes of (E)-9-(4-nitrostyryl)anthracene in non-polar solvent medium: generation of long-lived charge-separated states
$$^{\S }$$
§. J CHEM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-018-1555-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Viable access to the triplet excited state in peryleneimide based palladium complex
$$^{\S }$$
§. J CHEM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-018-1537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Marques S, Castro MA, Leão SA, Fonseca TL. Electronic and Vibrational Hyperpolarizabilities of Lithium Substituted (Aza)benzenes and (Aza)naphthalenes. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7402-7412. [PMID: 30153410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b05612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this article we report results for the electronic and vibrational hyperpolarizabilities of ten molecules: Li@benzene, Li@pyridine, Li@pyrimidine, and Li@pyrazine; Li@naphthalene, Li@quinoline, Li@isoquinoline, Li@cinnolin, Li@quinazoline, and Li@quinoxaline. An electron correlation study shows that second-order many-body perturbation theory and density functional theory with CAM-B3LYP and M05-2X functionals give results for the electronic hyperpolarizabilities in good agreement with coupled cluster with single and doubles reference values. Static and dynamic vibrational corrections were computed through the perturbation theoretical method of Bishop and Kirtman and using a variational approach. In general, we obtained notable discrepancies between the results obtained by the two methods for the pure vibrational corrections because of the deficiency of the perturbation method to properly treat low-frequency normal modes present in the investigated systems. However, both methods give results similar to the zero-point vibrational average corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suélio Marques
- Instituto de Física , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia , GO , Brazil.,Instituto Federal Goiano , Campus Iporá, Av. Oeste 350 , Santa Catarina, 76200-000 Iporá , GO , Brazil
| | - Marcos A Castro
- Instituto de Física , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Salviano A Leão
- Instituto de Física , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia , GO , Brazil
| | - Tertius L Fonseca
- Instituto de Física , Universidade Federal de Goiás , Campus Samambaia, 74690-900 Goiânia , GO , Brazil
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35
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Poddar M, Sharma V, Mobin SM, Misra R. 1,8-Naphthalimide-Substituted BODIPY Dyads: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Live-Cell Imaging. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:2881-2890. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Poddar
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
| | - Vinay Sharma
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Discipline of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Indore 453552 India
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36
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Gao Z, Li Z, Gao Z, Wang F. Supramolecular alternate donor-acceptor copolymers mediated by PtPt metal-metal interactions and their photocatalytic applications. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14005-14011. [PMID: 29995057 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03739f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Precise arrangement of the aromatic donor-acceptor units is of paramount importance to dictate the performance of multi-component π-functional materials. Herein a novel strategy has been developed toward alternate donor-acceptor copolymers, by incorporating Pt(ii)Pt(ii) metal-metal interactions for the hetero-complexation process. The proximity of Pt atoms endows the resulting supramolecular copolymers with metal-metal-to-ligand charge-transfer transitions in the visible/NIR region. The signals have been further applied for low-energy visible-light photo-catalysis that is unattainable for the individual species. More interestingly, "on-demand" photo-catalytic efficiency can be achieved by manipulating the reversibility of the supramolecular copolymerization process. Hence, the current work demonstrates the efficiency of fabricating multi-component π-functional materials via the elaborate manipulation of non-covalent driving forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Zijian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Zongchun Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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37
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Schmidt HC, Larsen CB, Wenger OS. Electron Transfer around a Molecular Corner. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6696-6700. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hauke C. Schmidt
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Christopher B. Larsen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
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38
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Bhat V, Gopan G, Nair NG, Hariharan M. γ-Herringbone Polymorph of 6,13-Bis(trimethylsilylethynyl)pentacene: A Potential Material for Enhanced Hole Mobility. Chemistry 2018; 24:8679-8685. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Bhat
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Gopika Gopan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Nanditha G. Nair
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER-TVM); Maruthamala P. O., Vithura Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauke C. Schmidt
- Departement ChemieUniversität Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Schweiz
| | | | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Departement ChemieUniversität Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Schweiz
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40
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Niyas MA, Ramakrishnan R, Vijay V, Hariharan M. Structure-Packing-Property Correlation of Self-Sorted Versus Interdigitated Assembly in TTF⋅TCNQ-Based Charge-Transport Materials. Chemistry 2018; 24:12318-12329. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Niyas
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
| | - Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
| | - Vishnu Vijay
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
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41
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Suzuki S, Tatsumi D, Tsukamoto T, Honna R, Shimada T, Inoue H, Takagi S. Active species transfer-type artificial light harvesting system in the nanosheet – Dye complexes: Utilization of longer wavelength region of sunlight. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Kumar R, Semwal S, Choudhury J, Srivastava A. Heli(aza)cene: A Helical Molecular Tweezer with Tunable Intra- and Intermolecular Charge Transfer. Chemistry 2017; 23:15012-15016. [PMID: 28881051 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-planar fluorophores offer unique avenues of intra- and intermolecular energy transfer not available in their planar counterparts. We have rationally designed a molecular tweezer based on the pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide framework having two structurally similar arms with extended π-surface. We termed this molecular tweezer as Heli(aza)cene (HAC) due to its spontaneous adoption of helical conformation stabilized by the amide and imine moieties present in it. In the helical conformation, the two arms of HAC are twisted unequally. This asymmetry confers dissimilar electronic character to the two arms and results in intramolecular charge transfer interactions in HAC. Homochiral stacking of the P- and the M- helices in crystal, and profound redshifting of the emission at higher concentrations of HAC was attributed to intermolecular charge-transfer interactions in aggregated/crystal state. Exposure of HAC, in solution as well as in the solid state, to Lewis/Brønsted acids results in rapid and vibrant color changes. This is the first example of a π-layered helical molecule exhibiting tunable intra-/intermolecular charge-transfer characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Shrivats Semwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
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43
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Long lived charge separated states in vinylbenzonitrile substituted derivatives of pyrene and anthracene. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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44
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A 1-hydroxy-2,3,1-benzodiazaborine-containing π-conjugated system: Synthesis, optical properties and solvent-dependent response toward anions. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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45
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Gautam P, Sharma R, Misra R, Keshtov ML, Kuklin SA, Sharma GD. Donor-acceptor-acceptor (D-A-A) type 1,8-naphthalimides as non-fullerene small molecule acceptors for bulk heterojunction solar cells. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2017-2024. [PMID: 28451319 PMCID: PMC5399534 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor-acceptor-acceptor (D-A-A) type 1,8-naphthalimide based small molecules SM1 and SM2 functionalized with tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD) and dicyanoquino-dimethane (DCNQ) modules, showing strong absorption in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) region are reported. TCBD and DCNQ linked SM1 and SM2 exhibit multi-redox waves. The electrochemical and optical HOMO-LUMO gaps show similar trends. These SMs exhibit a broad absorption profile which is complementary to the D-A copolymer P donor and also possess an appropriate lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) to serve as an acceptor with P with a LUMO level of -3.33 eV. The organic solar cells based on P:SM1 and P:SM2 exhibit a PCE of 4.94% and 6.11%, respectively. The higher value of the PCE for the SM2 based organic solar cells has been attributed to the broader absorption profile, more balanced charge transport and lower photon energy loss. The values of Voc of the organic solar cells for the SM1 acceptor (1.06 V and 1.02 V without and with solvent additive) are the highest values reported for devices based on non-fullerene acceptors to the best of our knowledge. The energy loss (Eloss) of 0.56 eV and 0.48 eV for SM1 and SM2 based devices, respectively is one of the smallest reported for BHJ organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Gautam
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India .
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India .
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India .
| | - M L Keshtov
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilova St., 28 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - S A Kuklin
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Vavilova St., 28 , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Ganesh D Sharma
- Department of Physics , LNM Institute of Information Technology , Jamdoli , Jaipur 302031 , Rajasthan , India .
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46
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Spenst P, Young RM, Phelan BT, Keller M, Dostál J, Brixner T, Wasielewski MR, Würthner F. Solvent-Templated Folding of Perylene Bisimide Macrocycles into Coiled Double-String Ropes with Solvent-Sensitive Optical Signatures. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2014-2021. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department
of Chemistry, Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Brian T. Phelan
- Department
of Chemistry, Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | | | | | | | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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47
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Ou Z, Xu M, Gao Y, Hu R, Li Q, Cai W, Wang Z, Qian Y, Yang G. Synthesis, G-quadruplex binding properties and cytotoxicity of naphthalimide–thiourea conjugates. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02366a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogen bonding between a thiourea moiety and a G-quadruplex plays a crucial role in the sequence-specific DNA binding of naphthalimide–thiourea conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhize Ou
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Moheng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Yunyan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Rui Hu
- CAS Key laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Wenjiao Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Ziji Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Yimeng Qian
- The Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- CAS Key laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- People's Republic of China
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48
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Nagarajan K, Gopan G, Cheriya RT, Hariharan M. Long alkyl side-chains impede exciton interaction in organic light harvesting crystals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02322g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
First report on the effect of side-chain induced perturbations on exciton interactions in an organic light harvesting crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaivanan Nagarajan
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram
- CET Campus
- Sreekariyam
- India
| | - Gopika Gopan
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram
- CET Campus
- Sreekariyam
- India
| | - Rijo T. Cheriya
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram
- CET Campus
- Sreekariyam
- India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram
- CET Campus
- Sreekariyam
- India
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49
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Gopan G, Salini PS, Deb S, Hariharan M. V-shaped oxydiphthalimides: side-chain engineering regulates crystallisation-induced emission enhancement. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01738j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Mallia AR, Ramakrishnan R, Niyas MA, Hariharan M. Crystalline triphenylamine substituted arenes: solid state packing and luminescence properties. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02321e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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