1
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Liu Z, Li X, Yin W, Chen J, Li C, Cheng F, Liu JJ. Perylenediimide-Based Hybrid Materials for the Iodoperfluoroalkylation of Alkenes and Oxidative Coupling of Amines: Bay-Substituent-Mediated Photocatalytic Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53090-53100. [PMID: 36383738 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-organic donor-acceptor hybrid compounds are an emerging class of multifunctional crystalline materials with well-defined structures built from semiconductive inorganic and organic components. Perylenediimides (PDIs) are a prominent class of electron-deficient organic dyes, which can undergo consecutive photoinduced electron transfers to generate doublet excited-state radical anions for photoredox-inert chemical bonds. Thus, this is an excellent organic component for building hybrid materials to study the structure-property relationships in organic synthesis. In this context, three molecular structure modified PDI-based hybrid materials, (Me4-PDI)2·SiW12O40 (1), (Me4-Cl4-PDI)2·SiW12O40 (2), and (Me4-Br2-PDI)1.5·HSiW12O40 (3), were studied. By the introduction of different substituent groups at the bay positions, these three hybrid materials were successfully fabricated to investigate the impact of substituent groups on the photocatalytic activity. As expected, all PDI-based hybrid materials easily underwent consecutive photoexcitation to obtain their excited-state radical anions. However, experimental and theoretical analyses showed that these obtained excited-state radical anions displayed unusual bay-substituent-group-dependent photocatalytic conversion activities for the iodoperfluoroalkylation of alkenes and oxidative coupling of amines. Higher conversion yields were obtained for complexes 1 and 3 (bay-unsubstituted and Br-substituted PDI hybrid materials, respectively), and lower conversion was observed for complex 2 (Cl-substituted PDI hybrid material), which is attributed to the excited-state SOMO-1 energies of the PDI radical anions. The structure-property relationship established in this work provides insights for the further exploration of bay-substituted PDI hybrid materials in other small-molecule photocatalytic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Wenxiu Yin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Feixiang Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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2
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Joseph J, Lourenço LMO, Tomé JPC, Torres T, Guldi DM. Unique multiphthalocyanine coordination systems: vibrationally hot excited states and charge transfer states that power high energy triplet charge separated states. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:13155-13165. [PMID: 36048027 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03721a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the molecular architecture of well-organized organic building blocks and linking their functionalities with the impact of solar-light converting systems constitutes a grand challenge in materials science. Strong absorption cross-sections across the visible range of the solar spectrum as well as a finely balanced energy- and redox-gradient are all important features that pave the way for either funneling excited state energy or transducing charges. In light of this, we used thiopyridyl-phthalocyanines (PcSPy) and ruthenium (tert-butyl)-phthalocyanines (RuPc) as versatile building blocks and demonstrated the realization of a family of multi-functional PcSPy-RuPc 1-4 by means of axial coordination. Sizeable electronic couplings between the electron donors and acceptors in PcSPy-RuPc 1-4 govern ground-state as well as excited-state reactivity. Time-resolved techniques, in general, and fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy, in particular, helped to corroborate a rapid charge separation next to a slow charge recombination. Key to these charge transfer characteristics are higher lying, vibrationally hot states of the singlet excited states in parallel with a charge transfer state and the presence of several heavy atom effects that are provided by ruthenium and sulfur. As such, our advanced investigations confirm that rapid charge separation evolves from both higher lying, vibrationally hot states as well as from a charge transfer state, populating charge separated states, whose energies exceed those of the singlet excited states. Charge recombination involves triplet rather than singlet charge separated states, which delays the charge recombination by one order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Joseph
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Leandro M O Lourenço
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João P C Tomé
- CQE, Institute of Molecular Sciences, and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, c/Faraday, 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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3
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Swart G, Fourie E, Swarts JC. Ferrocene-Bearing Dodecylphthalocyanines: Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Behavior. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13306-13321. [PMID: 35980289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocenylbutoxy-bearing dodecylated phthalocyanines, MPc(C12H25)x(OC4H8Fc)y with M = 2H (compound series 6 and 8) or Zn (compound series 5, 7 and 9), x ≤ 8 and y ≤ 4, were synthesized through either metal-free statistical condensation between 3,6-bis(dodecyl)phthalonitrile, 2, and 4- (1), or 3-(4'-ferrocenylbutoxy)phthalonitrile, 4, or a zinc template statistical condensation between 4,5-bis(dodecyl)phthalonitrile, 3, and 1 in the presence of anhydrous zinc acetate, or by zinc insertion into metal-free phthalocyanines. Compounds were designed to have eight nonperipheral dodecyl substituents, six nonperipheral dodecyl, either one peripheral or one nonperipheral 4'-ferrocenylbutoxy substituent, four nonperipheral dodecyl and two peripheral 4'-ferrocenylbutoxy substituents, or four peripheral 4'-ferrocenylbutoxy substituents. The compound having six peripheral dodecyl and one peripheral 4'-ferrocenylbutoxy substituents was also synthesized. Metal-free and zinc complex Q-band maximum absorption wavelengths increased nonlinearly from 704 to 725 nm for the Qy-band of metal-free compounds, or from 676 to 699 nm for the Q-band of zinc complexes in moving from all peripheral-substituted to all non-peripheral-substituted complexes. A rare case of accidental Q-band degeneracy where only one electronic Q-band is observed for asymmetrical zinc complexes NOT having D4h symmetry, compounds 5, 7b-e, and 9b, is also described. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) differentiated between four types of phthalocyanine nitrogen atoms; binding energies were ca. 399.8 (N-H), 398.1 (Nmeso), 397.8 (Ncore), and 398.7 eV (N-Zn), respectively. An electrochemical study of these compounds revealed up to five different redox processes in dichloromethane but only three in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The first ring-based oxidation of both metal-free compounds 6a-e and zinc phthalocyanines 7a-e exhibited a near-linear increase in peak anodic potentials, Epa, with the systematic replacement of two nonperipheral dodecyl substituents with one peripheral 4'-ferrocenylbutoxy group. When four 4'-ferrocenylbutoxy groups were substituted on the phthalocyanine macrocycle, aggregation of the first oxidized species was observed. Zinc insertion into metal-free phthalocyanines lowered formal redox potentials. An electrochemical scheme consistent with electrochemical results is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glendin Swart
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Eleanor Fourie
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Jannie C Swarts
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
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4
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Dmitrienko AA, Kroitor AP, Demina LI, Gorbunova YG, Sorokin AB, Martynov AG. Exploring replacement of axially coordinated ligands in ruthenium(II) phthalocyaninates. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Schrage BR, Ermilov E, Nemykin VN. Transient Absorption Spectra of Metal‐Free and Transition‐Metal 5,10,15,20‐Tetraferrocene Porphyrins: Influence of the Central Metal Ion, Solvent Polarity, and the Axial Ferrocene Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Briana R. Schrage
- University of Tennessee System: The University of Tennessee System Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Victor N. Nemykin
- University of Tennessee System: The University of Tennessee System Department of Chemistry 1420 Circle Drive 37996 Knoxville UNITED STATES
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6
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Loong H, Zhou J, Jiang N, Feng Y, Xie G, Liu L, Xie Z. Photoinduced Cascading Charge Transfer in Perylene Bisimide-Based Triads. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:2441-2448. [PMID: 35316047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We synthesize three perylene bisimide-based triads with donor-acceptor-acceptor (D∼A1-A2) architectures, in which the distance between D and A1 is varied to study its influence on the excited state electron processes. Very different intramolecular charge transfer (D+∼A1-A2-) lifetimes in dichloromethane (DCM) for these three triads are revealed by steady-state and transient spectroscopies. Free-energy changes of charge transfer (CT) are calculated based on the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and electrochemical measurements. The results show that photoinduced cascading CT comprises two competing processes in DCM (CTs in D∼A1 units and in A1-A2 units) by pumping of the A1 unit, and then the long-distance CT state is formed. The charge recombination (CR) process is restrained effectively by the increased distance between the anion and cation. This research reveals the importance of multistep cascading CTs on tuning the CT lifetime in multichromophoric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Loong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Nianqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guojing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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7
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Srivishnu K, Naresh M, Laxmikanth Rao J, Giribabu L. Photo-induced intramolecular electron transfer in phenoxazine-phthalocyanine donor-acceptor systems. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424622500080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Donor-Acceptor (D-A) systems based on phenoxazine – phthalocyanine (PXZ-Pc) and phenoxazine – zinc phthalocyanine (PXZ-ZnPc) have been designed and synthesized. Both D-A systems are characterized using various spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques including in-situ methods. Optical absorption studies suggest that both Soret and Q bands of these D-A systems are hypsochromically and bathochromically shifted, when compared to its individual constituents. The study supported by theoretical calculations shows clearly that there exists a negligible electronic communication in the ground state between donor phenoxazine and acceptor phthalocyanine. However, attractively, both D-A systems exhibit noteworthy fluorescence emission quenching (90–99%) of the phthalocyanine emission compared to its reference compounds. The fluorescence emission quenching featured at the excited-state intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer from ground state of phenoxazine to the excited state of phthalocyaine/zinc phthalocyanine. The rates of electron-transfer ([Formula: see text] of these D-A systems are found in the range of 5.7 × 108 to 2.8 × 109 s[Formula: see text] and are according to solvent polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.S. Srivishnu
- Polymer and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi 201002, India
| | - Madarapu Naresh
- Polymer and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - J. Laxmikanth Rao
- Catalysis & Fine Chemical Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymer and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, New Delhi 201002, India
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8
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Ferreira JT, Pina J, Ribeiro CAF, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Torres T, Rodríguez-Morgade MS. A ruthenium phthalocyanine functionalized with a folic acid unit as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621501224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A folate-targeted ruthenium(II) phthalocyanine (Ru(FA-Py)(DMSO)(PEG)[Formula: see text]Pc), endowed with a pyridyl ligand functionalized with one folic acid unit (FA-Py) at one of the two axial coordination sites, and a dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) ligand coordinated to the other axial position, respectively, is described. In order to enhance its biocompatibility, the RuPc is donated with eight PEG chains attached at the peripheral positions. The observed singlet oxygen quantum yields of the PS measured in DMSO and in water are of 0.74 and 0.36, respectively, in line with those observed for other RuPcs bearing comparable axial and peripheral substitution. In vitro PDT activity of the compound has been evaluated in HT-1376 human bladder cancer cell line. Ru(FA-Py)(DMSO)(PEG)[Formula: see text]Pc revealed a slightly higher cellular uptake than those observed for the corresponding carbohydrate-substituted PSs and a better photodynamic activity compared to the glucose-functionalized RuPc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana T. Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- LAQV-REQUINTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pina
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. F. Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P. C. Tomé
- LAQV-REQUINTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CQE and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia, c/ Faraday, 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Vecchi A, Sabin JR, Sabuzi F, Conte V, Cicero DO, Floris B, Galloni P, Nemykin VN. Similar, Yet Different: Long-Range Metal-Metal Coupling and Electron-Transfer Processes in Metal-Free 5,10,15,20-Tetra(ruthenocenyl)porphyrin. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8227-8241. [PMID: 34033715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structure, redox properties, and long-range metal-metal coupling in metal-free 5,10,15,20-tetra(ruthenocenyl)porphyrin (H2TRcP) were probed by spectroscopic (NMR, UV-vis, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)), electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry, CV, and differential pulse voltammetry, DPV), spectroelectrochemical, and chemical oxidation methods, as well as theoretical (density functional theory, DFT, and time-dependent DFT, TDDFT) approaches. It was demonstrated that the spectroscopic properties of H2TRcP are significantly different from those in H2TFcP (metal-free 5,10,15,20-tetra(ferrocenyl)porphyrin). Ruthenocenyl fragments in H2TRcP have higher oxidation potentials than the ferrocene groups in the H2TFcP complex. Similar to H2TFcP, we were able to access and spectroscopically characterize the one- and two-electron oxidized mixed-valence states in the H2TRcP system. DFT predicts that the porphyrin π-system stabilizes the [H2TRcP]+ mixed-valence cation and prevents its dimerization, which is characteristic for ruthenocenyl systems. However, formation of the mixed-valence [H2TRcP]2+ is significantly less reproducible than the formation of [H2TRcP]+. DFT and TDDFT calculations suggest the ruthenocenyl fragment dominance in the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy region and the presence of the low-energy MLCT (Rc → porphyrin (π*)) transitions in the visible region with energies higher than the predominantly porphyrin-centered Q-bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vecchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Jared R Sabin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Federica Sabuzi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Valeria Conte
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Daniel Oscar Cicero
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Barbara Floris
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Pierluca Galloni
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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10
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Bottari G, de la Torre G, Guldi DM, Torres T. An exciting twenty-year journey exploring porphyrinoid-based photo- and electro-active systems. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Zatsikha Y, Shamova LI, Schaffner JW, Healy AT, Blesener TS, Cohen G, Wozniak B, Blank DA, Nemykin VN. Probing Electronic Communication and Excited-State Dynamics in the Unprecedented Ferrocene-Containing Zinc MB-DIPY. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:28656-28662. [PMID: 33195918 PMCID: PMC7658947 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The electronic communication between two ferrocene groups in the electron-deficient expanded aza-BODIPY analogue of zinc manitoba-dipyrromethene (MB-DIPY) was probed by spectroscopic, electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and theoretical methods. The excited-state dynamics involved sub-ps formation of the charge-separated state in the organometallic zinc MB-DIPYs, followed by recovery of the ground state via charge recombination in 12 ps. The excited-state behavior was contrasted with that observed in the parent complex that lacked the ferrocene electron donors and has a much longer excited-state lifetime (670 ps for the singlet state). Much longer decay times observed for the parent complex without ferrocene confirm that the main quenching mechanism in the ferrocene-containing 4 is reflective of the ultrafast ferrocene-to-MB-DIPY core charge transfer (CT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy
V. Zatsikha
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Liliya I. Shamova
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jacob W. Schaffner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrew T. Healy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Tanner S. Blesener
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Gabriel Cohen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Brandon Wozniak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - David A. Blank
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Victor N. Nemykin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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12
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Ferreira JT, Pina J, Ribeiro CAF, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Torres T. Highly Efficient Singlet Oxygen Generators Based on Ruthenium Phthalocyanines: Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Evaluation for Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2019; 26:1789-1799. [PMID: 31605633 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of ruthenium(II) phthalocyanines (RuPcs) endowed with one carbohydrate unit-that is, glucose, galactose and mannose-and a dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) ligand at the two axial coordination sites, respectively, is described. Two series of compounds, one unsubstituted at the periphery, and the other one bearing eight PEG chains at the isoindole meta-positions, have been prepared. The presence of the axial DMSO unit significantly increases the phthalocyanine singlet oxygen quantum yields, related to other comparable RuPcs. The compounds have been evaluated for PDT treatment in bladder cancer cells. In vitro studies have revealed high phototoxicity for RuPcs unsubstituted at their periphery. The phototoxicity of PEG-substituted RuPcs has been considerably improved by repeated light irradiation. The choice of the axial carbohydrate introduced little differences in the cellular uptake for both series of photosensitizers, but the phototoxic effects were considerably higher for compounds bearing mannose units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana T Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pina
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos A F Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,CNC.iCBR Consortium, University of Coimbra, 3004-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P C Tomé
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia, C/ Faraday, 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Gobeze HB, Arellano LM, Gutiérrez-Vílchez AM, Gómez-Escalonilla MJ, Sastre-Santos Á, Fernández-Lázaro F, Langa F, D'Souza F. Occurrence of excited state charge separation in a N-doped graphene-perylenediimide hybrid formed via 'click' chemistry. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4009-4015. [PMID: 36132123 PMCID: PMC9418608 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00416e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hetero-atom doped graphene is a two-dimensional material with a band gap, needed to build optoelectronic devices. However, research progress in this area has been sluggish due to synthetic challenges to build energy harvesting materials, especially donor-acceptor type hybrids. In the present study, using click chemistry, we have successfully synthesized a donor-acceptor hybrid comprised of N-doped graphene and perylenediimide (PDI), a well-known electron-accepting photosensitizer. The TGA and XPS results revealed the attachment of the PDI moiety in the hybrid. Ground and excited state interactions were monitored by a variety of spectral and electrochemical techniques. Finally, the ability of the present donor-acceptor hybrid to undergo photoinduced charge separation from singlet excited PDI was systematically probed using femtosecond transient spectral techniques. Evidence of charge separation was possible to achieve from comparison of transient and spectroelectrochemical results. These results suggest the potential use of covalently functionalized, substitutional N-doped graphene as a functional material for building optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtom B Gobeze
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 76203-5017 Denton TX USA
| | - Luis M Arellano
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Nanociencia, Nanotecnología y Materiales Moleculares (INAMOL) 45071-Toledo Spain
| | - Ana María Gutiérrez-Vílchez
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández Avda. de la Universidad, s/n Elche 03202 Spain
| | - María J Gómez-Escalonilla
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Nanociencia, Nanotecnología y Materiales Moleculares (INAMOL) 45071-Toledo Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández Avda. de la Universidad, s/n Elche 03202 Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández Avda. de la Universidad, s/n Elche 03202 Spain
| | - Fernando Langa
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Nanociencia, Nanotecnología y Materiales Moleculares (INAMOL) 45071-Toledo Spain
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle, #305070 76203-5017 Denton TX USA
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14
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Córdova Wong BJ, Xu DM, Bao SS, Zheng LM, Lei J. Hofmann Metal-Organic Framework Monolayer Nanosheets as an Axial Coordination Platform for Biosensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:12986-12992. [PMID: 30860352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are remarkably attractive platform candidates for signal transduction through fluorescence resonance energy transfer or photo-induced electron-transfer pathway. In this work, a 2D Hofmann metal organic framework (hMOF) monolayer nanosheet was developed as an axial coordination platform for DNA detection via a ligand-to-metal charge-transfer quenching mechanism. Through modulating the position of phosphonate groups of rigid ligands, a layer-structured hMOF was synthesized. The single crystals showed that the adjacent layers were linked via hydrogen bonds between diethyl 4-pyridylphosphonate and the solvent. Furthermore, the 2D hMOF monolayer nanosheets were obtained easily via a top-down method. More significantly, the quenching mechanism was identified as an axial coordination between the open Fe2+ sites of hMOF nanosheets and fluorophores with 91% quenching efficiency, constituting an excellent signal transduction strategy. The smart use of hMOF monolayer nanosheets as an axial coordination platform could lead to promising applications in signal switching or/and sensing devices.
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15
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Leyva Esqueda M, Sánchez Vergara ME, Álvarez Bada JR, Salcedo R. CuPc: Effects of its Doping and a Study of Its Organic-Semiconducting Properties for Application in Flexible Devices. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E434. [PMID: 30708977 PMCID: PMC6384798 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study refers to the doping of organic semiconductors by a simple reaction between copper phthalocyanine and tetrathiafulvalene or tetracyanoquinodimethane. The semiconductor films of copper phthalocyanine, doped with tetrathiafulvalene donor (CuPc-TTF) and tetracyanoquinodimethane acceptor (CuPc-TCNQ) on different substrates, were prepared by vacuum evaporation. The structure and morphology of the semiconductor films were studied with infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The absorption spectra for CuPc-TTF, recorded in the 200⁻900 nm UV⁻vis region for the deposited films, showed two peaks: a high energy peak, around 613 nm, and a second one, around 695 nm, with both peaks corresponding to the Q-band transition of the CuPcs. From the spectra, it can also be seen that CuPc-TTF has a B-band at around 330 nm and has a bandgap of approximately 1.4 eV. The B-band in the CuPc-TCNQ spectrum is quite similar to that of CuPc-TTF; on the other hand, CuPc-TCNQ does not include a Q-band in its spectrum and its bandgap value is of approximately 1.6 eV. The experimental optical bandgaps were compared to the ones calculated through density functional theory (DFT). In order to prove the effect of dopants in the phthalocyanine semiconductor, simple devices were manufactured and their electric behaviors were evaluated. Devices constituted by the donor-acceptor active layer and by the hollow, electronic-transport selective layers, were deposited on rigid and flexible indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates by the vacuum sublimation method. The current⁻voltage characteristics of the investigated structures, measured in darkness and under illumination, show current density values of around 10 A/cm² for the structure based on a mixed-PET layer and values of 3 A/cm² for the stacked-glass layered structure. The electrical properties of the devices, such as carrier mobility (μ) were obtained from the J⁻V characteristics. The mobility values of the devices on glass were between 1.59 × 10⁸ and 3.94 × 1010 cm²/(V·s), whereas the values of the devices on PET were between 1.84 × 10⁸ and 4.51 × 10⁸ cm²/(V·s). The different behaviors of the rigid and flexible devices is mainly due to the effect of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariel Leyva Esqueda
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - María Elena Sánchez Vergara
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - José Ramón Álvarez Bada
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac México Norte, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Roberto Salcedo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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16
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Al-Shewiki RK, Korb M, Hildebrandt A, Zahn S, Naumov S, Buschbeck R, Rüffer T, Lang H. Diaqua-β-octaferrocenyltetraphenylporphyrin: a multiredox-active and air-stable 16π non-aromatic species. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1578-1585. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04135k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein the synthesis and properties of the first β-octaferrocenyltetraphenylporphyrin, {TPPFc8(H2O)2}, in its extraordinary stable and non-aromatic 16π form are reported, showing seven separate reversible redox events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Korb
- Chemnitz University of Technology
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | | | - Stefan Zahn
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Sergej Naumov
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Roy Buschbeck
- Chemnitz University of Technology
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Chemnitz University of Technology
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Chemnitz University of Technology
- Inorganic Chemistry
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
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17
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Ferreira JT, Pina J, Ribeiro CAF, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Torres T. Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Containing Ruthenium Phthalocyanines as Third Generation Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana T. Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - João Pina
- CQC, Department of Chemistry; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
| | - Carlos A. F. Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- CNC.IBILI Consortium; University of Coimbra; 3004-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - João P. C. Tomé
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - M. Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem); Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM); 28049 Madrid Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia; C/ Faraday, 9 Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
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18
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Nar I, Atsay A, Altındal A, Hamuryudan E, Koçak MB, Gül A. Ferrocenyl Phthalocyanine as Donor in Non-Poly(3-hexylthiophen-2,5-diyl) Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cell. Chemistry 2018; 24:6946-6949. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilgın Nar
- Department of Chemistry; Istanbul Technical University; 34469, Maslak Istanbul Turkey
| | - Armağan Atsay
- Department of Chemistry; Istanbul Technical University; 34469, Maslak Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altındal
- Department of Physics; Yıldız Technical University; 34722 Esenler Istanbul Turkey
| | - Esin Hamuryudan
- Department of Chemistry; Istanbul Technical University; 34469, Maslak Istanbul Turkey
| | - Makbule B. Koçak
- Department of Chemistry; Istanbul Technical University; 34469, Maslak Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gül
- Department of Chemistry; Istanbul Technical University; 34469, Maslak Istanbul Turkey
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19
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Zhang L, Kepp KP, Ulstrup J, Zhang J. Redox Potentials and Electronic States of Iron Porphyrin IX Adsorbed on Single Crystal Gold Electrode Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3610-3618. [PMID: 29510058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metalloporphyrins are active sites in metalloproteins and synthetic catalysts. They have also been studied extensively by electrochemistry as well as being prominent targets in electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Previous studies of FePPIX adsorbed on graphite and alkylthiol modified Au electrodes showed a pair of reversible Fe(III/II)PPIX peaks at about -0.41 V (vs NHE) at high solution pH. We recently used iron protoporphyrin IX (FePPIX) as an intercalating probe for long-range electrochemical electron transfer through a G-quadruplex oligonucleotide (DNAzyme); this study disclosed two, rather than a single pair of voltammetric peaks with a new and dominating peak, shifted 200 mV positive relative to the ≈-0.4 V peak. Prompted by this unexpected observation, we report here a study of the voltammetry of FePPIX itself on single-crystal Au(111), (100), and (110) and polycrystalline Au electrode surfaces. In all cases the dominating pair of new Fe(III/II)PPIX redox peaks, shifted positively by more than 200 mV compared to those of previous studies appeared. This observation is supported by density functional theory (DFT) which shows that strong dispersion forces in the FePPIX/Au electronic interaction drive the midpoint potential toward positive values. The FePPIX spin states depend on interaction with the Au(111) interface, converting all the Fe(II)/(III)PPIX species into low-spin states. These results support electrochemical evidence for the nature of the electronic coupling between FePPIX and Au-surfaces, and the electronic states of adsorbate molecules, with a bearing also on recent reports of magnetic FePPIX/Au(111) interactions in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Building 207, Kemitorvet, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Kasper P Kepp
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Building 207, Kemitorvet, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Jens Ulstrup
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Building 207, Kemitorvet, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , Building 207, Kemitorvet, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby , Denmark
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20
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Fazio E, Haynes CJE, de la Torre G, Nitschke JR, Torres T. A giant M 2L 3 metallo-organic helicate based on phthalocyanines as a host for electroactive molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2651-2654. [PMID: 29473065 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09528g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented Fe2Pc3 metallo-organic helicate has been assembled using a bidentate phthalocyanine (Pc) ligand, 2-formylpyridine and Fe(OTf)2. This giant helicate has proved itself as a host for large redox-active guests such as fullerene and naphthalenediimide derivatives. Photoactivated electronic interactions between components occur in the host-guest complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Fazio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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21
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El-Refaey A, Shaban SY, El-Kemary M, El-Khouly ME. A light harvesting perylene derivative - zinc phthalocyanine complex in water: spectroscopic and thermodynamic studies. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 16:861-869. [PMID: 28379265 DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00055c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A perylene derivative, namely N,N'-bis(2(trimethylammonium iodide)ethylene)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxyldiimide (TAIPDI) forms nanoscale columnar stacks in water that have been characterized by using optical absorption and emission measurements, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This behaviour was compared with that of unstacked TAIPDI in methanol. Assembly formation between the one-dimensional TAIPDI stacks and zinc phthalocyanine tetrasulphonic groups (ZnPcS4) via strong π-π and ionic interactions has been described in an aqueous medium. The formation constant of the supramolecular dyad has been determined as 2.94 × 104 M-1 from both the absorption and fluorescence measurements. Upon addition of ZnPcS4, the fluorescence quenching of the singlet-excited state of TAIPDI was observed because of the electron transfer process from ZnPcS4 to TAIPDI via the singlet-excited states of ZnPcS4 and TAIPDI entities. The electrochemical studies supported the electron transfer pathways via the singlet states of ZnPcS4 and TAIPDI. The thermodynamic parameters of the supramolecular complex have been determined from stopped-flow measurements. The interaction between ZnPcS4 and TAIPDI occurs in two steps, where the rate constant of the second step with TAIPDI (207 ± 8 M-1 s-1) is much slower than the first one (3515 ± 101 M-1 s-1). Activation parameters for the complex formation (ΔH# = 76 ± 11 kJ mol-1 and ΔS# = 83 ± 37 J K-1 mol-1, and ΔH# = 221 ± 15 kJ mol-1 and ΔS# = 540 ± 50 J K-1 mol-1) were determined from variable temperature studies for the first and second steps, respectively. The significantly positive ΔS# values found for both steps of the interaction reactions are consistent with a dissociative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Refaey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
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22
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Chen XF, El-Khouly ME, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, Ng DKP. Assemblies of Boron Dipyrromethene/Porphyrin, Phthalocyanine, and C 60 Moieties as Artificial Models of Photosynthesis: Synthesis, Supramolecular Interactions, and Photophysical Studies. Chemistry 2018; 24:3862-3872. [PMID: 29315946 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A series of light-harvesting conjugates based on a zinc(II) phthalocyanine core with either two or four boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) or porphyrin units have been synthesized and characterized. The conjugation of BODIPY/porphyrin units can extend the absorptions of the phthalocyanine core to cover most of the visible region. Upon addition of an imidazole-substituted C60 (C60 Im), it can axially bind to the zinc(II) center of the phthalocyanine core through metal-ligand interactions. The resulting complexes form photosynthetic antenna-reaction center mimics in which the BODIPY/porphyrin units serve as the antennas to capture the light and transfer the energy to the phthalocyanine core by efficient excitation energy transfer. The excited phthalocyanine is then quenched by the axially bound C60 Im moiety by electron transfer, which has been supported by computational studies. The photoinduced processes of the assemblies have been studied in detail by various steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic methods. By femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic studies, the lifetimes of the charge-separated state of the bis(BODIPY) and bis(porphyrin) systems have been determined to be 3.2 and 4.0 ns, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Mohamed E El-Khouly
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
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23
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Nar I, Atsay A, Altındal A, Hamuryudan E. o-Carborane, Ferrocene, and Phthalocyanine Triad for High-Mobility Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:2199-2208. [PMID: 29393638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An unsymmetrical zinc phthalocyanine with ferrocenylcarborane linked to the phthalocyanine ring through a phenylethynyl spacer was designed for organic field-effect transistor (OFET). The unsymmetrical phthalocyanine derivatives were characterized using a wide range of spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. In particular, the ferrocenylcarborane structure was unambiguously revealed based on the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In-depth investigations of the electrochemical properties demonstrated that the ferrocenylcarborane insertion extended the electrochemical character of ferrocenylcarborane-substituted phthalocyanine (7). Moreover, in the anodic potential scans, the oxidative electropolymerization of etynylphthalocyanine (6) and 7 was recorded. To clarify the effect of the insertion of ferrocenylcarborane (2) on the field-effect mobility, solution-processed films of 2, 6, and 7 were used as an active layer to fabricate the bottom-gate top-contact OFET devices. An analysis of the output and transfer characteristics of the fabricated devices indicated that the phthalocyanine derivative functionalized with ferrocenylcarborane moiety has great potential in the production of high-mobility OFET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgın Nar
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, İstanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Armağan Atsay
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, İstanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altındal
- Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Physics, Yıldız Technical University , 34722 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Hamuryudan
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Chemistry, İstanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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24
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Singh A, Roy S, Das C, Samanta D, Maji TK. Metallophthalocyanine-based redox active metal–organic conjugated microporous polymers for OER catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4465-4468. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01291a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two donor–acceptor redox-active metal–organic conjugated porous polymers (CoCMP and ZnCMP) have been synthesized and CoCMP has been found to be an efficient catalyst for water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Singh
- Molecular Materials Laboratory
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
| | - Syamantak Roy
- Molecular Materials Laboratory
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
| | - Chayanika Das
- Molecular Materials Laboratory
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
| | - Debabrata Samanta
- Molecular Materials Laboratory
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maji
- Molecular Materials Laboratory
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bangalore-560064
- India
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25
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Deep red aggregation-induced CPL emission behavior of four-component tunable AIE-active chiral polymers via two FRET pairs mechanism. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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26
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Shokri S, Li J, Manna MK, Wiederrecht GP, Gosztola DJ, Ugrinov A, Jockusch S, Rogachev AY, Ayitou AJL. A Naphtho-p-quinodimethane Exhibiting Baird’s (Anti)Aromaticity, Broken Symmetry, and Attractive Photoluminescence. J Org Chem 2017; 82:10167-10173. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Shokri
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Manoj K. Manna
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Gary P. Wiederrecht
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - David J. Gosztola
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Angel Ugrinov
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58106, United States
| | - Steffen Jockusch
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, United States
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - A. Jean-Luc Ayitou
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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27
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Teles Ferreira J, Pina J, Alberto Fontes Ribeiro C, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Torres T. PEG-containing ruthenium phthalocyanines as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy: synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:5862-5869. [PMID: 32264219 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00958e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Three ruthenium(ii) phthalocyanines functionalized at their axial positions with 4-12 PEG chains bearing hydroxy, amino and ether terminal groups were synthesized and studied as PDT agents against bladder cancer cells. All three dyes displayed high singlet oxygen generation quantum yields in DMSO (ΦΔ = 0.76). The water-soluble Ru(L3)2Pc also shows high singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ = 0.48) in neat water. In vitro studies show that these complexes are accumulated in bladder cancer cells, are nontoxic PSs per se, and have high phototoxic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Teles Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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28
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Bensch L, Gruber I, Janiak C, Müller TJJ. 5-(Hetero)aryl-Substituted 9-Hydroxyphenalenones: Synthesis and Electronic Properties of Multifunctional Donor-Acceptor Conjugates. Chemistry 2017; 23:10551-10558. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bensch
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Irina Gruber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie I; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie I; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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29
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Toriumi N, Yanagi S, Muranaka A, Hashizume D, Uchiyama M. Effects of N-Oxidation on Heteroaromatic Macrocycles: Synthesis, Electronic Structures, Spectral Properties, and Reactivities of Tetraazaporphyrin meso-N-Oxides. Chemistry 2017; 23:8309-8314. [PMID: 28378358 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Heteroaromatic N-oxides such as pyridine and quinoline N-oxides are well studied in organic chemistry, and N-oxide formation has long been utilized for tuning the reactivities of heteroaromatics. However, the scope of aromatic N-oxidation is still restricted to relatively small azine or azole skeletons, and there has been little investigation of the photophysical/chemical effects of N-oxidation on larger heteroaromatic systems. Here, the synthesis and unique properties of new macrocyclic heteroaromatic N-oxides, tetraazaporphyrin (TAP) meso-N-oxides, are reported. N-Oxidation of TAP reduced the 18π-aromaticity of the TAP ring compared with that of the parent TAP owing to the cross-conjugated resonance structure. The optical properties of TAPs were significantly changed by N-oxidation: the N-oxides did not exhibit azaporphyrin-like but instead porphyrin-like optical properties, that is, weak Q absorption bands, strong Soret absorption bands, and weak fluorescence. These features can be explained by the near-degenerate frontier molecular orbitals resulting from N-oxide formation. Singlet oxygen quantum yields were greatly increased to almost quantitative levels by N-oxidation. The N-oxides showed near-IR-responsive photoredox properties and were suitable as both oxidants and sensitizers for oxidation reactions. Protonation of the N-oxides restored TAP-like intense Q bands and red fluorescence, offering a potential design strategy for fluorescence switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Toriumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yanagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN and Advanced Elements Chemistry Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Materials Characterization Support Unit, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN and Advanced Elements Chemistry Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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30
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Li M, Zhang Q, Xu L, Zhu W, Mack J, May AK, Nyokong T, Kobayashi N, Liang X. Flexible Metal-Porphyrin Dimers (M=Mn III Cl, Co II , Ni II , Cu II ): Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Electrochemistry, Spectroelectrochemistry, and Theoretical Calculations. Chempluschem 2017; 82:598-606. [PMID: 31961595 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Four metalloporphyrin dimers linked by bridging amide-bonded xanthene moieties and that contain either MnIII , CoII , NiII , or CuII metal centers were synthesized. Various spectroscopic, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical methods were used to study trends in their properties. Their electronic structure and optical properties were analyzed through a comparison of the electronic absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectral data with the results of time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - John Mack
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Aviwe K May
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Xu Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
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31
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Fernández-Ariza J, Krick Calderón RM, Perles J, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Guldi DM, Torres T. Tri- and hexaferrocenyl-substituted subphthalocyanines in the quest for the optimum electron donor–acceptor distances. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8525-8528. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04726f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three and six ferrocenyl subunits have been attached to the periphery of subphthalocyanines (SubPcs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael M. Krick Calderón
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Josefina Perles
- Laboratorio de DRX Monocristal
- Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación
- UAM
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - M. Salomé Rodríguez-Morgade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Tomás Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)
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32
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Kudisch B, Maiuri M, Blas-Ferrando VM, Ortiz J, Sastre-Santos Á, Scholes GD. Solvent-dependent photo-induced dynamics in a non-rigidly linked zinc phthalocyanine–perylenediimide dyad probed using ultrafast spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:21078-21089. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02143g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A solvent dependent pump–probe study on an artificial light harvesting dyad reveals static and dynamic system-bath interactions observed in ultrafast photoinduced energy and electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Kudisch
- Department of Chemistry
- Princeton University
- Princeton
- USA
| | | | | | - Javier Ortiz
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Bioingeniería
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- Elche 03202
- Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Bioingeniería
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- Elche 03202
- Spain
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33
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Ho MS, Partridge BE, Sun HJ, Sahoo D, Leowanawat P, Peterca M, Graf R, Spiess HW, Zeng X, Ungar G, Heiney PA, Hsu CS, Percec V. Screening Libraries of Semifluorinated Arylene Bisimides to Discover and Predict Thermodynamically Controlled Helical Crystallization. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2016; 18:723-739. [PMID: 27797481 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.6b00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis, structural, and retrostructural analysis of a library containing 16 self-assembling perylene (PBI), 1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene (Cl4PBI), naphthalene (NBI), and pyromellitic (PMBI) bisimides functionalized with environmentally friendly AB3 chiral racemic semifluorinated minidendrons at their imide groups via m = 0, 1, 2, and 3 methylene units is reported. These semifluorinated compounds melt at lower temperatures than homologous hydrogenated compounds, permitting screening of all their thermotropic phases via structural analysis to discover thermodynamically controlled helical crystallization from propeller-like, cogwheel, and tilted molecules as well as lamellar-like structures. Thermodynamically controlled helical crystallization was discovered for propeller-like PBI, Cl4PBI and NBI with m = 0. Unexpectedly, assemblies of twisted Cl4PBIs exhibit higher order than those of planar PBIs. PBI with m = 1, 2, and 3 form a thermodynamically controlled columnar hexagonal 2D lattice of tilted helical columns with intracolumnar order. PBI and Cl4PBI with m = 1 crystallize via a recently discovered helical cogwheel mechanism, while NBI and PMBI with m = 1 form tilted helical columns. PBI, NBI and PMBI with m = 2 generate lamellar-like structures. 3D and 2D assemblies of PBI with m = 1, 2, and 3, NBI with m = 1 and PMBI with m = 2 exhibit 3.4 Å π-π stacking. The library approach applied here and in previous work enabled the discovery of six assemblies which self-organize via thermodynamic control into 3D and 2D periodic arrays, and provides molecular principles to predict the supramolecular structure of electronically active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shou Ho
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Benjamin E. Partridge
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Hao-Jan Sun
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Dipankar Sahoo
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Pawaret Leowanawat
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mihai Peterca
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Robert Graf
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans W. Spiess
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
- Department
of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 3110018, China
| | - Paul A. Heiney
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh
Road, Hsin-Chu 30049, Taiwan
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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34
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Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Kobayashi N. Preface — Special Issue in Honor of Professor Tomás Torres. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Sahoo D, Peterca M, Aqad E, Partridge BE, Heiney PA, Graf R, Spiess HW, Zeng X, Percec V. Hierarchical Self-Organization of Perylene Bisimides into Supramolecular Spheres and Periodic Arrays Thereof. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14798-14807. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b09986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Sahoo
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Mihai Peterca
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Emad Aqad
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Benjamin E. Partridge
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Paul A. Heiney
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, United States
| | - Robert Graf
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans W. Spiess
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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36
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Rodríguez-Morgade MS. A Colorful Life: Scientific Achievements of Tomás Torres in the Fields of Phthalocyanines, Molecular Materials and Nanoscience. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Some of the most important achievements of Tomás Torres in the last few decades within the fields of Phthalocyanines and related compounds, Molecular Materials and Nanoscience are revised and his recognized international prestige in these areas highlighted on the occasion of his 65th birthday.
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