1
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Nakabayashi K, Kitamura H, Fuse S. Microflow, Sequential Coupling and Cyclization Approach for Synthesis of Cyclic Phosphotriesters from PCl 3. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400256. [PMID: 38556466 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
An approach for the synthesis of cyclic phosphotriesters with various ring sizes (5- to 8-membered rings) from phosphorus trichloride and diols was developed. The major challenge in developing this approach is the suppression of the undesired reactions caused by substrates containing multiple highly reactive sites. These undesired reactions were successfully suppressed by microflow technology, which can precisely control the reaction time and temperature. Two optimal conditions were developed, depending on the speed of cyclization. Fifteen cyclic phosphotriesters and their analogs were synthesized. A plausible mechanism for suppressing undesired reactions is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nakabayashi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitamura
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Fuse
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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2
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Chang XP, Wang JL, Peng LY, Cen XJ, Yin BW, Xie BB. Mechanistic photophysics of tellurium-substituted cytosine: Electronic structure calculations and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:339-354. [PMID: 37435854 DOI: 10.1111/php.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Previously, the MS-CASPT2 method was performed to study the static and qualitative photophysics of tellurium-substituted cytosine (TeC). To get quantitative information, we used our recently developed QTMF-FSSH dynamics method to simulate the excited-state decay of TeC. The CASSCF method was adopted to reduce the calculation costs, which was confirmed to provide reliable structures and energies as those of MS-CASPT2. A detailed structural analysis showed that only 5% trajectories will hop to the lower triplet or singlet state via the twisted (S2 /S1 /T2 )T intersection, while 67% trajectories will choose the planar intersections of (S2 /S1 /T3 /T2 /T1 )P and (S2 /S1 /T2 /T1 )P but subsequently become twisted in other electronic states. By contrast, ~28% trajectories will maintain in a plane throughout dynamics. Electronic population revealed that the S2 population will ultrafast transfer to the lower triplet or singlet state. Later, the TeC system will populate in the spin-mixed electronic states composed of S1 , T1 and T2 . At the end of 300 fs, most trajectories (~74%) will decay to the ground state and only 17.4% will survive in the triplet states. Our dynamics simulation verified that tellurium substitution will enhance the intersystem crossings, but the very short triplet lifetime (ca. 125 fs) will make TeC a less effective photosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Chang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Jie-Lei Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Jiang Cen
- Ningbo Zhongtian Engineering Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
| | - Bo-Wen Yin
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin-Bin Xie
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Morodo R, Dumas DM, Zhang J, Lui KH, Hurst PJ, Bosio R, Campos LM, Park NH, Waymouth RM, Hedrick JL. Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters and Carbonates with (Thio)urea/Cyclopropenimine Organocatalytic Systems. ACS Macro Lett 2024:181-188. [PMID: 38252690 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization is a powerful tool for the synthesis of a variety of functional, readily degradable polyesters and polycarbonates. We report the use of (thio)ureas in combination with cyclopropenimine bases as a unique catalyst for the polymerization of cyclic esters and carbonates with a large span of reactivities. Methodologies of exceptionally effective and selective cocatalyst combinations were devised to produce polyesters and polycarbonates with narrow dispersities (Đ = 1.01-1.10). Correlations of the pKa of the various ureas and cyclopropenimine bases revealed the critical importance of matching the pKa of the two cocatalysts to achieve the most efficient polymerization conditions. It was found that promoting strong H-bonding interactions with a noncompetitive organic solvent, such as CH2Cl2, enabled greatly increased polymerization rates. The stereoselective polymerization of rac-lactide afforded stereoblock poly(lactides) that crystallize as stereocomplexes, as confirmed by wide-angle X-ray scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Morodo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - David M Dumas
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Kai H Lui
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Paul J Hurst
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - Riccardo Bosio
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Nathaniel H Park
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, United States
| | - James L Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, United States
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4
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Ilhami FB, Birhan YS, Cheng CC. Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions from Nucleobase-Decorated Supramolecular Polymer: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:234-254. [PMID: 38103183 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of supramolecular materials for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, bioimaging, wound-dressing, adhesion materials, photodynamic/photothermal therapy, infection control (as antibacterial), etc. has grown tremendously, due to their unique properties, especially the formation of hydrogen bonding. Nevertheless, void space in the integration process, lack of feasibility in the construction of supramolecular materials of natural origin in living biological systems, potential toxicity, the need for complex synthesis protocols, and costly production process limits the actual application of nanomaterials for advanced biomedical applications. On the other hand, hydrogen bonding from nucleobases is one of the strategies that shed light on the blurred deployment of nanomaterials in medical applications, given the increasing reports of supramolecular polymers that promote advanced technologies. Herein, we review the extensive body of literature about supramolecular functional biomaterials based on nucleobase hydrogen bonding pertinent to different biomedical applications. It focuses on the fundamental understanding about the synthesis, nucleobase-decorated supramolecular architecture, and novel properties with special emphasis on the recent developments in the assembly of nanostructures via hydrogen-bonding interactions of nucleobase. Moreover, the challenges, plausible solutions, and prospects of the so-called hydrogen bonding interaction from nucleobase for the fabrication of functional biomaterials are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Bintang Ilhami
- Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60231, Indonesia
| | - Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos 00000, Ethiopia
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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5
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Wang P, Zhou M, Wei Z, Liu L, Cheng T, Tian X, Pan J. Preparation of bowl-shaped polydopamine surface imprinted polymer composite adsorbent for specific separation of 2′-deoxyadenosine. Chin J Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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6
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Tellurium-Modified Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and Nucleic Acids with Potential Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238379. [PMID: 36500495 PMCID: PMC9737395 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Tellurium was successfully incorporated into proteins and applied to protein structure determination through X-ray crystallography. However, studies on tellurium modification of DNA and RNA are limited. This review highlights the recent development of Te-modified nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleic acids, and summarizes the main synthetic approaches for the preparation of 5-PhTe, 2'-MeTe, and 2'-PhTe modifications. Those modifications are compatible with solid-phase synthesis and stable during Te-oligonucleotide purification. Moreover, the ideal electronic and atomic properties of tellurium for generating clear isomorphous signals give Te-modified DNA and RNA great potential applications in 3D crystal structure determination through X-ray diffraction. STM study also shows that Te-modified DNA has strong topographic and current peaks, which immediately suggests potential applications in nucleic acid direct imaging, nanomaterials, molecular electronics, and diagnostics. Theoretical studies indicate the potential application of Te-modified nucleosides in cancer therapy.
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7
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Dirauf M, Muljajew I, Weber C, Schubert US. Recent advances in degradable synthetic polymers for biomedical applications – Beyond polyesters. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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McGuire TM, Clark EF, Buchard A. Polymers from Sugars and Cyclic Anhydrides: Ring-Opening Copolymerization of a d-Xylose Anhydrosugar Oxetane. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. McGuire
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Ella F. Clark
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies, Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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9
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Lu H, Cai J, Zhang K. Synthetic Approaches for Copolymers Containing Nucleic Acids and Analogues: Challenges and Opportunities. Polym Chem 2021; 12:2193-2204. [PMID: 34394751 PMCID: PMC8356553 DOI: 10.1039/d0py01707h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A deep integration of nucleic acids with other classes of materials have become the basis of many useful technologies. Among these biohybrids, nucleic acid-containing copolymers has seen rapid development in both chemistry and application. This review focuses on the various synthetic approaches to access nucleic acid-polymer biohybrids spanning post-polymerization conjugation, nucleic acids in polymerization, solid-phase synthesis, and nucleoside/nucleobase-functionalized polymers. We highlight the challenges associated with working with nucleic acids with each approach and the ingenuity of the solutions, with the hope of lowering the entry barrier and inpsiring further investigations in this exciting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jiansong Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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10
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McGuire TM, Bowles J, Deane E, Farrar EHE, Grayson MN, Buchard A. Control of Crystallinity and Stereocomplexation of Synthetic Carbohydrate Polymers from
d
‐ and
l
‐Xylose. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. McGuire
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Jessica Bowles
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Edward Deane
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Elliot H. E. Farrar
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
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11
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McGuire TM, Bowles J, Deane E, Farrar EHE, Grayson MN, Buchard A. Control of Crystallinity and Stereocomplexation of Synthetic Carbohydrate Polymers from d- and l-Xylose. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4524-4528. [PMID: 33225519 PMCID: PMC7986207 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the stereochemistry of polymers is a powerful method to alter their physical properties. Despite the chirality of monosaccharides, reports on the impact of stereochemistry in natural polysaccharides and synthetic carbohydrate polymers remain absent. Herein, we report the cocrystallisation of regio- and stereoregular polyethers derived from d- and l-xylose, leading to enhanced thermal properties compared to the enantiopure polymers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a stereocomplex between carbohydrate polymers of opposite chirality. In contrast, atactic polymers obtained from a racemic mixture of monomers are amorphous. We also show that the polymer hydroxyl groups are amenable to post-polymerisation functionalization. These strategies afford a family of carbohydrate polyethers, the physical and chemical properties of which can both be controlled, and which opens new possibilities for polysaccharide mimics in biomedical applications or as advanced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. McGuire
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathCentre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Jessica Bowles
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathCentre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Edward Deane
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathCentre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Elliot H. E. Farrar
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathCentre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathCentre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathCentre for Sustainable and Circular TechnologiesClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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12
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Li S, Lu H, Kang X, Wang P, Luo Y. DBU and TU synergistically induced ring-opening polymerization of phosphate esters: a mechanism study. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05422d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible and biodegradable polyphosphoesters derived from the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of phosphate esters have drawn increasing attention because of their potential applications in clinical and therapeutic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Han Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Pan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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13
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Tran DK, Rashad AZ, Darensbourg DJ, Wooley KL. Sustainable synthesis of CO 2-derived polycarbonates from d-xylose. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00784j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic transformation of d-xylose into a four-membered cyclic ether allows for reactions with CO2 leading to linear polycarbonates by either ring-opening copolymerisation directly or by isolation of a six-membered cyclic carbonate followed by ring-opening polymerisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Ahmed Z. Rashad
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | | | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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14
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Wang L, Huang S, Wang M, Liu ZY, Chen XM, Yang H. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Alternating Heterodinucleoside Polytriazoles. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Institute of Advanced Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Institute of Advanced Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Institute of Advanced Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Zhi-Yang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Institute of Advanced Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Xu-Man Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Institute of Advanced Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Institute of Advanced Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
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15
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Li SS, Zhu N, Jing YN, Li Y, Bao H, Wan WM. Barbier Self-Condensing Ketyl Polymerization-Induced Emission: A Polarity Reversal Approach to Reversed Polymerizability. iScience 2020; 23:101031. [PMID: 32299054 PMCID: PMC7160573 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon-carbon bond formation through polarity reversal ketyl radical anion coupling of carbonyls has inspired new reaction modes to this cornerstone carbonyl group and played significant roles in organic chemistry. The introduction of this resplendent polarity reversal ketyl strategy into polymer chemistry will inspire new polymerization mode with unpredicted discoveries. Here we show the successful introduction of polarity reversal ketyl approach to polymer chemistry to realize self-condensing ketyl polymerization with polymerization-induced emission. In this polarity reversal approach, it exhibits intriguing reversed polymerizability, where traditional excellent leaving groups are not suitable for polymerization but challenging polymerizations involving the cleavage of challenging C-F and C-CF3 bonds are realized under mild Barbier conditions. This polarity reversal approach enables the polymer chemistry with polarity reversal ketyl mode, opens up a new avenue toward the polymerization of challenging C-X bonds under mild conditions, and sparks design inspiration of new reaction, polymerization, and functional polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Shun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 West Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. of China; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao 266580, P. R. of China
| | - Nengbo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 West Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. of China
| | - Ya-Nan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 West Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. of China; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao 266580, P. R. of China
| | - Yajun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 West Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. of China
| | - Hongli Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 West Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. of China
| | - Wen-Ming Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 West Yangqiao Road, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. of China; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao 266580, P. R. of China.
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16
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Balijepalli AS, Sabatelle RC, Chen M, Suki B, Grinstaff MW. A Synthetic Bioinspired Carbohydrate Polymer with Mucoadhesive Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:704-710. [PMID: 31701611 PMCID: PMC7754715 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mucoadhesive polymers are of significant interest to the pharmaceutical, medical device, and cosmetic industries. Polysaccharides possessing charged functional groups, such as chitosan, are known for mucoadhesive properties but suffer from poor chemical definition and solubility, while the chemical synthesis of polysaccharides is challenging with few reported examples of synthetic carbohydrate polymers with engineered-in ionic functionality. We report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a synthetic, cationic, enantiopure carbohydrate polymer inspired by the structure of chitosan. These water-soluble, cytocompatible polymers are prepared via an anionic ring-opening polymerization of a bicyclic β-lactam sugar monomer. The synthetic method provides control over the site of amine functionalization and the length of the polymer while providing narrow dispersities. These well-defined polymers are mucoadhesive as documented in single-molecule scale (AFM), bulk solution phase (FRAP), and ex vivo tissue experiments. Polymer length and functionality affects bioactivity as long, charged polymers display higher mucoadhesivity than long, neutral polymers or short, charged polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anant S Balijepalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Robert C Sabatelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Bela Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 712 Beacon Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- School of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
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17
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Piccini M, Leak DJ, Chuck CJ, Buchard A. Polymers from sugars and unsaturated fatty acids: ADMET polymerisation of monomers derived from d-xylose, d-mannose and castor oil. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01809c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High molecular weight renewable polyesters are synthesised from an unsaturated fatty acid and structurally unmodified, hemicellulosic sugars, with post-polymerisation modification inducing semicrystallinity and allowing casting of transparent films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Piccini
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - David J. Leak
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | | | - Antoine Buchard
- Centre for Sustainable and Circular Technologies
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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18
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Balijepalli AS, Hamoud A, Grinstaff MW. Cationic poly-amido-saccharides: stereochemically-defined, enantiopure polymers from anionic ring-opening polymerization of an amino-sugar monomer. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01691k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We expand the scope of the PAS methodology and evaluate multiple synthetic routes to generate a regioselectively-functionalized 6-amino carbohydrate polymer sharing key properties with natural polysaccharides, including high water-solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Boston University
- Boston
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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19
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Zheng YJ, Yang GW, Li B, Wu GP. Construction of polyphosphoesters with the main chain of rigid backbones and stereostructures via organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00262c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A highly stereoregular polyphosphoester with a rigid cyclohexylene structure in the main chain was constructed via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of an organic catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Zheng
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Bo Li
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
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20
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Li J, Wang Z, Hua Z, Tang C. Supramolecular nucleobase-functionalized polymers: synthesis and potential biological applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1576-1588. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02393c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This Perspective article summarizes the synthesis of nucleobase functionalized polymers and highlights issues and challenges following their potential biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Zhongkai Wang
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Zan Hua
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of South Carolina
- USA
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21
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Balijepalli AS, Sabatelle RC, Chen M, Suki B, Grinstaff MW. A Synthetic Bioinspired Carbohydrate Polymer with Mucoadhesive Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anant S. Balijepalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University 44 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Robert C. Sabatelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University 44 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University 44 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Bela Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University 44 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University 44 Cummington Mall Boston MA 02215 USA
- Department of Chemistry Boston University 712 Beacon Street Boston MA 02215 USA
- School of Medicine Boston University 72 East Concord Street Boston MA 02118 USA
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J. Walsh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael G. Hyatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Susannah A. Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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23
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Heo GS, Cho S, Wooley KL. Preparation of Degradable Polymeric Nanoparticles with Various Sizes and Surface Charges from Polycarbonate Block Copolymers. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Dong S, Sun Y, Liu J, Li L, He J, Zhang M, Ni P. Multifunctional Polymeric Prodrug with Simultaneous Conjugating Camptothecin and Doxorubicin for pH/Reduction Dual-Responsive Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8740-8748. [PMID: 30693750 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymeric prodrugs show improved therapeutic indices with respect to traditional hydrophobic anticancer drugs because these prodrugs can self-assemble into nanoparticles, prolong the circulation of drugs in the blood, improve the accumulation of drugs in the disease site, reduce the side effects of drugs, and achieve therapeutic effect. Here, we describe a novel pH/reduction dual-responsive polymeric prodrug, abbreviated as CPT- ss-poly(BYP- hyd-DOX- co-EEP), with simultaneous conjugating camptothecin (CPT) and doxorubicin (DOX), wherein BYP and EEP represent two cyclic phosphate monomers, respectively, that is, 2-(but-3-yn-1-yloxy)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane and 2-ethoxy-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane. This prodrug was prepared through a polyphosphoester-DOX conjugate using a CPT derivative (CPT- ss-OH) as the initiator. CPT is linked to the terminal of polyphosphoester via disulfide carbonate, which is easy to break up under intracellular reductive environment and release the parent CPT, whereas DOX was efficiently incorporated onto the pendants of polyphosphoester through a hydrazone bond (- hyd-), which would be cleaved in the intracellular acidic medium. We show that the stable prodrug nanoparticles formed by self-assembly could release CPT and DOX simultaneously in the tumor microenvironment. The results of MTT assay demonstrate that the prodrug, which binds two antitumor drugs simultaneouly, has the properties of dual pH/reduction sensitiveness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and effective tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Dong
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Jinlin He
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Mingzu Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Peihong Ni
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
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25
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Beament J, Wolf T, Markwart JC, Wurm FR, Jones MD, Buchard A. Copolymerization of Cyclic Phosphonate and Lactide: Synthetic Strategies toward Control of Amphiphilic Microstructure. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Beament
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U. K
| | - Thomas Wolf
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens C. Markwart
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthew D. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U. K
| | - Antoine Buchard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U. K
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26
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Wang L, Wang M, Guo LX, Sun Y, Zhang XQ, Lin BP, Yang H. Oligodeoxynucleosides with Olefin Bridges. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Ling-Xiang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Ying Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Bao-Ping Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
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27
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Mavila S, Worrell BT, Culver HR, Goldman TM, Wang C, Lim CH, Domaille DW, Pattanayak S, McBride MK, Musgrave CB, Bowman CN. Dynamic and Responsive DNA-like Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13594-13598. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudheendran Mavila
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Brady T. Worrell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Heidi R. Culver
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Trevor M. Goldman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Chern-Hooi Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Dylan W. Domaille
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Sankha Pattanayak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Matthew K. McBride
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Charles B. Musgrave
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Christopher N. Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado−Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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28
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Han X, Domaille DW, Fairbanks BD, He L, Culver HR, Zhang X, Cha JN, Bowman CN. New Generation of Clickable Nucleic Acids: Synthesis and Active Hybridization with DNA. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:4139-4146. [PMID: 30212619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the ability to generate oligomers of precise sequence, sequential and stepwise solid-phase synthesis has been the dominant method of producing DNA and other oligonucleotide analogues. The requirement for a solid support, however, and the physical restrictions of limited surface area thereon significantly diminish the efficiency and scalability of these syntheses, thus, negatively affecting the practical applications of synthetic polynucleotides and other similarly created molecules. By employing the robust photoinitiated thiol-ene click reaction, we developed a new generation of clickable nucleic acids (CNAs) with a polythioether backbone containing repeat units of six atoms, matching the spacing of the phosphodiester backbone of natural DNA. A simple, inexpensive, and scalable route was utilized to produce CNA monomers in gram-scale, which indicates the potential to dramatically lower the cost of these DNA mimics and thereby expand the scope of these materials. The efficiency of this approach was demonstrated by the completion of CNA polymerization in 30 seconds, as characterized by size-exclusive chromatography (SEC) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. CNA/DNA hybridization was demonstrated by gel electrophoresis and used in CdS nanoparticle assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Han
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , UCB 596 , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Dylan W Domaille
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado School of Mines , 1500 Illinois Street , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Benjamin D Fairbanks
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , UCB 596 , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Liangcan He
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , UCB 596 , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Heidi R Culver
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , UCB 596 , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Xinpeng Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , UCB 596 , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Jennifer N Cha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , UCB 596 , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Christopher N Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado , UCB 596 , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
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29
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Tsao YYT, Smith TH, Wooley KL. Regioisomeric Preference in Ring-Opening Polymerization of 3',5'-Cyclic Phosphoesters of Functional Thymidine DNA Analogues. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:153-158. [PMID: 35610911 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Regioregularity is a crucial property in the synthesis of DNA analogues, as natural DNA is synthesized exclusively in the 5' to 3' direction. We have focused our attention on the determination of the regioisomeric distribution of poly(3',5'-cyclic 3-(3-butenyl) thymidine ethylphosphate)s obtained from the ring-opening polymerization of (R)-3',5'-cyclic 3-(3-butenyl) thymidine ethylphosphate. The regioisomeric preference was investigated by comparison to synthesized model compounds of 3',3'-, 3',5'-, and 5',5'-linkages, where the model 3'-phosphoester linkages were to the secondary alcohol of 3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran and the model 5'-linkages derived from coupling to the primary alcohol of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. From the 31P resonance frequency assignments of those small molecule model compounds, 31P NMR spectra revealed the major connectivity in the polymer backbone to be 3',5'-linkages, with ≤30% of other isomeric forms. Model reactions employing a series of alcohol initiators imparting various degrees of steric hindrance, to mimic the increased steric hindrance of the propagating alcohol relative to the initiator, were then conducted to afford the corresponding ring-opened unimer adducts and to gain understanding of the regioselectivity during the ring-opening polymerization. 1H-31P heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation spectroscopy showed ethanol and 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol initiation to yield only the P-O5' bond cleavage product, whereas attack by isopropyl alcohol upon (R)-3',5'-cyclic 3-(3-butenyl) thymidine ethylphosphate afforded both P-O3' and P-O5' bond cleavage products, supporting our hypothesis that the increased steric hindrance of the propagating species dictates the regioselectivity of the P-O bond cleavage. Further model reactions suggested that the P-O5' bond cleavage products can be detected upon the formation of dimers during the ring-opening polymerization. Overall, this work provides a fundamental understanding of the polymerization behavior of six-membered cyclic phosphoesters and broadens the scope of DNA analogues from the ring-opening polymerization of 3',5'-cyclic phosphoesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yun Timothy Tsao
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and The Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Travis H. Smith
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and The Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and The Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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30
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Bauer KN, Liu L, Andrienko D, Wagner M, Macdonald EK, Shaver MP, Wurm FR. Polymerizing Phostones: A Fast Way to In-Chain Poly(phosphonate)s with Adjustable Hydrophilicity. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin N. Bauer
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lei Liu
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Denis Andrienko
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Emily K. Macdonald
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Shaver
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster
Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschunng, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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31
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Appukutti N, Serpell CJ. High definition polyphosphoesters: between nucleic acids and plastics. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00251g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acids and synthetic polyphosphoester materials have been distinct fields – this review shows how these areas now comprise a continuum.
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32
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López-Vidal EM, Gregory GL, Kociok-Köhn G, Buchard A. Polymers from sugars and CS2: synthesis and ring-opening polymerisation of sulfur-containing monomers derived from 2-deoxy-d-ribose and d-xylose. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00119g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic thionocarbonate and xanthate monomers were synthesised directly from ribose- and xylose-derived diols and CS2, and yielded novel sugar-based polymers with regioregular sulfur-containing linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgina L. Gregory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
- Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Chemical Technologies
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Chemical Characterisation and Analysis Facilities
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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33
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Yang H, Xi W. Nucleobase-Containing Polymers: Structure, Synthesis, and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E666. [PMID: 30965964 PMCID: PMC6418729 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleobase interactions play a fundamental role in biological functions, including transcription and translation. Natural nucleic acids like DNA are also widely implemented in material realm such as DNA guided self-assembly of nanomaterials. Inspired by that, polymer chemists have contributed phenomenal endeavors to mimic both the structures and functions of natural nucleic acids in synthetic polymers. Similar sequence-dependent responses were observed and employed in the self-assembly of these nucleobase-containing polymers. Here, the structures, synthetic approaches, and applications of nucleobase-containing polymers are highlighted and a brief look is taken at the future development of these polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.
| | - Weixian Xi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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34
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Easterling CP, Kubo T, Orr ZM, Fanucci GE, Sumerlin BS. Synthetic upcycling of polyacrylates through organocatalyzed post-polymerization modification. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7705-7709. [PMID: 29568433 PMCID: PMC5851076 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02574b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct transformation of commercially available commodity polyacrylates into value-added materials was achieved. We demonstrate how 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, serving as a nucleophilic catalyst, can be used to catalyze acyl substitution reactions of acrylic polymers in the presence of alcohol and amine nucleophiles. Furthermore, we found that organocatalytic transesterification exhibits high selectivity towards sterically unhindered esters, thus providing a new route towards site-selective acyl substitution of macromolecular materials. Combining this methodology with reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) techniques such as reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization allowed for the precise functionalization of sterically-differentiated acrylic copolymers and polymeric chain ends. We envision this approach to expedite functional polymer synthesis and provide access to functional macromolecules prepared from inexpensive, hydrolytically-stable polymeric precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles P Easterling
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory , Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering , Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , PO Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA . ;
| | - Tomohiro Kubo
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory , Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering , Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , PO Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA . ;
| | - Zachary M Orr
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory , Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering , Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , PO Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA . ;
| | - Gail E Fanucci
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory , Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering , Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , PO Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA . ;
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory , Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering , Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , PO Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA . ;
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35
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Xiao R, Dane EL, Zeng J, McKnight CJ, Grinstaff MW. Synthesis of Altrose Poly-amido-saccharides with β-N-(1→2)-d-amide Linkages: A Right-Handed Helical Conformation Engineered in at the Monomer Level. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14217-14223. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Xiao
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and ∥Department of
Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Eric L. Dane
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and ∥Department of
Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Jialiu Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and ∥Department of
Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Christopher J. McKnight
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and ∥Department of
Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and ∥Department of
Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
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Song Y, Chen Y, Su L, Li R, Letteri RA, Wooley KL. Crystallization-driven assembly of fully degradable, natural product-based poly(l-lactide)-block-poly(α-d-glucose carbonate)s in aqueous solution. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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