1
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Cheng MJ, Wu YY, Zeng H, Zhang TH, Hu YX, Liu SY, Cui RQ, Hu CX, Zou QM, Li CC, Ye WC, Huang W, Wang L. Asymmetric total synthesis of polycyclic xanthenes and discovery of a WalK activator active against MRSA. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5879. [PMID: 38997253 PMCID: PMC11245619 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of new antibiotics continues to pose challenges, particularly considering the growing threat of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Structurally diverse natural products provide a promising source of antibiotics. Herein, we outline a concise approach for the collective asymmetric total synthesis of polycyclic xanthene myrtucommulone D and five related congeners. The strategy involves rapid assembly of the challenging benzopyrano[2,3-a]xanthene core, highly diastereoselective establishment of three contiguous stereocenters through a retro-hemiketalization/double Michael cascade reaction, and a Mitsunobu-mediated chiral resolution approach with high optical purity and broad substrate scope. Quantum mechanical calculations provide insight into stereoselective construction mechanism of the three contiguous stereocenters. Additionally, this work leads to the discovery of an antibacterial agent against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant S. aureus. This compound operates through a unique mechanism that promotes bacterial autolysis by activating the two-component sensory histidine kinase WalK. Our research holds potential for future antibacterial drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Xia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Yi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Qin Cui
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Xia Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Quan-Ming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China.
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China.
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China.
- Center for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs, and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P. R. China.
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2
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Demertzidou VP, Kourgiantaki M, Zografos AL. Expanding Natural Diversity: Tailored Enrichment of the 8,12-Sesquiterpenoid Lactone Chemical Space through Divergent Synthesis. Org Lett 2024; 26:4648-4653. [PMID: 38780007 PMCID: PMC11187629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The divergent synthesis of a non-natural 8,12-sesquiterpenoid lactone collection is described. The synthesis relies on a rationally designed guaianolide scaffold bearing a tertiary hydroxyl as the pinpoint for inducing its selective diversification. Key reactions include an unprecedented Suarez-type CH lactonization and a highly diastereoselective oxy-Cope/ene cascade that allows the introduction of three stereocenters in a single operation. Selective oxidative/reductive and redox neutral transformations follow to highlight the synthesis of naturally unpresented highly substituted 8,12-guaianolides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Department of Chemistry,
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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3
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Chen B, Zhang X, Yang Y, Xu D, Wu Q, Wang S, Bao S, Zhang X, Ding Y, Wang L, Chen Y. Hypocretenolides: collective total syntheses and activities toward metastatic colon cancer. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6397-6401. [PMID: 38699277 PMCID: PMC11062092 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01469c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A concise and collective synthetic route to hypocretenolides was developed for the first time. This route features one-pot addition-alkylation and intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to efficiently assemble the 5/7/6 ring system. Our syntheses enabled multigram preparation of hypocretenolide which facilitated further biological evaluation. Preliminary CCK-8 cytotoxic results of hypocretenolide indicated its IC50 values within 1 μM against 4 colon cancer cell lines. Wound healing and transwell assays suggested the promising inhibitory activities of hypocretenolide toward the migratory capabilities of colon cancer cells in vitro. The animal results confirmed that hypocretenolide can inhibit metastasis of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yufen Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 China
| | - Qianwei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 China
| | - Shibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shiqi Bao
- Accendatech Co. Ltd 32nd Floor, Rongqiao Center, Intersection of Changjiang Road and Nankai Six Road Tianjin 300102 China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Accendatech Co. Ltd 32nd Floor, Rongqiao Center, Intersection of Changjiang Road and Nankai Six Road Tianjin 300102 China
| | - Yahui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
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4
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Zahra M, Abrahamse H, George BP. Green nanotech paradigm for enhancing sesquiterpene lactone therapeutics in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116426. [PMID: 38471274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of cancer therapy, sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) derived from diverse Dicoma species demonstrate noteworthy bioactivity. However, the translation of their full therapeutic potential into clinical applications encounters significant challenges, primarily related to solubility, bioavailability, and precise drug targeting. Despite these obstacles, our comprehensive review introduces an innovative paradigm shift that integrates the inherent therapeutic properties of SLs with the principles of green nanotechnology. To overcome issues of solubility, bioavailability, and targeted drug delivery, eco-friendly strategies are proposed for synthesizing nanocarriers. Green nanotechnology has emerged as a focal point in addressing environmental and health concerns linked to conventional treatments. This progressive approach of green nanotechnology holds promise for the development of safe and sustainable nanomaterials, particularly in the field of drug delivery. This groundbreaking methodology signifies a pioneering advancement in the creation of novel and effective anticancer therapeutics. It holds substantial potential for transforming cancer treatment and advancing the landscape of natural product research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Zahra
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 1711, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 1711, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Blassan P George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 1711, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
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5
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Sugunan A, Aparna VM, Rajendar G. Phosphonium Ion-Tethered Secondary Amines for Chemospecific 5- Enolexo Aldol Condensations of 6-Ketoaldehydes. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38014421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel and highly selective 5-enolexo-exo-trig aldol condensation of 6-ketoaldehydes is presented using a proline-based alkylphosphonium ion catalyst. Bulky and oxophilic phosphonium ion plays a vital role in facilitating kinetic aldenamine formation and activating keto groups for aldol addition. This innovative approach exclusively targets five-membered carbo- and heterocyclic aldehydes, involving unusual aldehydes as donors and ketones as acceptors. Especially, enolizable aryl keto aldehydes and heteroatom-embedded ketoaldehydes exclusively produced cyclized products with our new catalyst, while other catalysts provided predominantly self-aldol or decomposed products. The scope and diversity of the method demonstrated by synthesizing different carboxaldehydes, including cyclopentene, indene, dihydrofuran, benzofuran, dihydropyrrole, indole, thiofuran, dihydrothiofuran, and benzothiofurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Sugunan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - V M Aparna
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
| | - Goreti Rajendar
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695551, India
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6
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Liu XY, Qin Y. Industrial total synthesis of natural medicines. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1694-1700. [PMID: 37554028 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00020f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Total synthesis offers a key approach to the production of natural medicines if sufficient quantities cannot be obtained due to low natural abundance or lack of efficient fermentation or semi-synthesis methods. This Viewpoint outlines the previous and current states of research as they apply to the total synthesis of natural medicines on an industrial scale and provides a holistic view on the potential for future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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7
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Fernandes RA. Deciphering the quest in the divergent total synthesis of natural products. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12205-12230. [PMID: 37746673 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03564f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The divergent synthesis of natural products is rapidly developing towards achieving the goal of efficiency and economy in total synthesis. However, presently, the sustainable development of the synthesis of natural products does not permit the linear synthesis of a single target. In this case, divergent total synthesis is based on the identification of an advanced intermediate with structural features that can be mapped in more than two molecules. However, the identification of this intermediate and its scalable synthesis in enantiopure form are challenging. Herein, we present the details of the ingenious efforts by researchers in the last six years toward the divergent synthesis of two to as many as eight natural products initially via a single route, and then diverging from a common intermediate and further branching out toward several natural products. The planning and strategies adopted can serve as guidelines for the future development of efficient divergent routes aimed at achieving higher efficiency toward multiple targets, causing divergent synthesis to become an accepted common practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, Maharashtra, India.
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8
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Fernandes RA, Moharana S, Khatun GN. Recent advances in the syntheses of guaianolides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6652-6670. [PMID: 37551715 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01019h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones, especially guaianolides representing a bigger class of natural products, have served as appealing candidates for total synthesis due to their varied bio- and pharmaceutical activities. This tutorial review delineates the creative efforts of many researchers in the total syntheses of different complex guaianolides recently published in the literature. Many of the syntheses display meticulous interplay between new methods and the ingenuity of strategies achieved through well-planned routes. In some cases, the Chiron approach has come in quite handy, wherein the structural features and stereochemistry of select molecules could map well with naturally available starting materials. A few catalytic methods like diastereoselective aldol reaction, enediyne or dienyne metathesis, or photochemical methods have been efficiently used. This compilation also aims to enhance the diversity space based on these natural products and further interest in the sustainable total synthesis of this class of compounds and related molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sanjita Moharana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Gulenur Nesha Khatun
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
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9
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A Survey of Naturally Occurring Molecules as New Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activators with Selective Anticancer Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010293. [PMID: 36612288 PMCID: PMC9818656 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The last century has witnessed the establishment of neoplastic disease as the second cause of death in the world. Nonetheless, the road toward desirable success rates of cancer treatments is still long and paved with uncertainty. This work aims to select natural products that act via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a known vulnerability of malignant cells, and display selective toxicity against cancer cell lines. Among an in-house chemical library, nontoxic molecules towards noncancer cells were assessed for toxicity towards cancer cells, namely the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS and the lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Active molecules towards at least one of these cell lines were studied in a battery of ensuing assays to clarify the involvement of ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cytotoxic effect. Several natural products are selectively cytotoxic against malignant cells, and the effect often relies on ER stress induction. Berberine was the most promising molecule, being active against both cell models by disrupting Ca2+ homeostasis, inducing UPR target gene expression and ER-resident caspase-4 activation. Our results indicate that berberine and emodin are potential leads for the development of more potent ER stressors to be used as selective anticancer agents.
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10
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Kourgiantaki M, Demertzidou VP, Zografos AL. Short Scalable Route to Apiaceae Sesquiterpene Scaffolds: Total Synthesis of 4- epi-Epiguaidiol A. Org Lett 2022; 24:8476-8480. [PMID: 36264031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The oxy-Cope/ene reaction cascade to form a locked elemane conformer allows the short scalable synthesis of versatile Apiaceae scaffolds. The divergent fate of the obtained macrocyclic germacrane is surveyed under cationic and dioxygen-induced Prins-type reaction conditions to allow the diastereoselective synthesis of oxidized Apiaceae guaiane congeners and the total synthesis of 4-epi-epiguaidiol A. Additionally, the unprecedented reduction of a hydrogen-bond-biased guaiane substrate permits the chemoselective synthesis of desoxo-jungiaguaiane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kourgiantaki
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Vera P Demertzidou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Alexandros L Zografos
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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11
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Maity R, Hajra S. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Eupalinilide E, a Promoter of Human HSPC Expansion. Org Lett 2022; 24:4745-4749. [PMID: 35763266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A concise and scalable asymmetric total synthesis of eupalinilde E from (R)-(-)-carvone in 12 steps is reported with an overall yield of 20%. The key steps of the synthesis are a tandem Favorskii rearrangement-elimination reaction in the chromatography-free synthesis of carvone-derived 2-cyclopentene carbaldehyde and its catalyst-free stereospecific tandem allylboration-lactonization using recyclable trifluoroethanol as a promoter and solvent affording β-hydroxymethyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Maity
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saumen Hajra
- Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
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12
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Synthesis of Substituted Tropones and Advancement for the Construction of Structurally Significant Skeletons. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Kurisawa N, Iwasaki A, Teranuma K, Dan S, Toyoshima C, Hashimoto M, Suenaga K. Structural Determination, Total Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Iezoside, a Highly Potent Ca 2+-ATPase Inhibitor from the Marine Cyanobacterium Leptochromothrix valpauliae. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11019-11032. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoaki Kurisawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Arihiro Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuya Teranuma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shingo Dan
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Chikashi Toyoshima
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Masaru Hashimoto
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Kiyotake Suenaga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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14
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Kimura Y, Ohashi E, Karanjit S, Taniguchi T, Nakayama A, Imagawa H, Sato R, Namba K. Total Syntheses of Proposed Structures of 4,10-Dihydroxy-8,12-guaianolides. Org Lett 2022; 24:3297-3301. [PMID: 35446586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first total syntheses of two 4,10-dihydroxy-8,12-guaianolides that were reported to be natural products were achieved. Toward the syntheses of a collection of related guaianolides, the typical 5,7-fused system of 8,12-guaianolides was constructed by a ring expansion reaction of a hydroxylated coronafacic acid analogue that can be practically synthesized and optically resolved. The total syntheses of these compounds revealed that the previously reported structures of both natural products were incorrect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Eisaku Ohashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Sangita Karanjit
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imagawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Ryota Sato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kosuke Namba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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15
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Deihl ED, Jesikiewicz LT, Newman LJ, Liu P, Brummond KM. Rh(I)-Catalyzed Allenic Pauson-Khand Reaction to Access the Thapsigargin Core: Influence of Furan and Allenyl Chloroacetate Groups on Enantioselectivity. Org Lett 2022; 24:995-999. [PMID: 35081313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thapsigargin (Tg) is a potent SERCA pump inhibitor with the potential to treat cancer and COVID-19. We have extended the scope of the asymmetric allenic Pauson-Khand reaction to furan-tethered allene-ynes, a stereoconvergent transformation affording the 5,7,5-ring system of Tg in good yields and high enantioselectivity. Computational studies of the oxidative cyclization step show that the furan and chloroacetate groups contribute to this high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Deihl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Luke T Jesikiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Logan J Newman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kay M Brummond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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16
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Li S, Wang S, Li J, Qi Y, Wang C, Zong L, Tan CH. Monocationic Cinchoninium Catalyzed Asymmetric Oxohydroxylation of Enoates. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqing Li
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Juan Li
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lili Zong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Choon-Hong Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
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17
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Yang G, Li Z, Liu Y, Guo D, Sheng X, Wang J. Organocatalytic Higher-Order [8+2] Cycloaddition for the Assembly of Atropoenantiomeric 3-Arylindolizines. Org Lett 2021; 23:8109-8113. [PMID: 34590868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We present an unprecedented atroposelective [8+2] cycloaddition reaction between pyridinium/isoquinolinium ylides and ynals. It is worth noting that this protocol represents a new example of the organocatalyzed atropoenantioselective higher-order cycloaddition reaction, providing various axial chiral 3-arylindolizines in good yields and high enantioselectivities. In addition, the obtained axially chiral 3-aryldolizines also provide many opportunities for structural transformations and potential drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongming Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xijun Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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18
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Liu W, Patouret R, Barluenga S, Plank M, Loewith R, Winssinger N. Identification of a Covalent Importin-5 Inhibitor, Goyazensolide, from a Collective Synthesis of Furanoheliangolides. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:954-962. [PMID: 34235256 PMCID: PMC8227592 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes are a rich source of covalent inhibitors with a long history in traditional medicine and include several important therapeutics and tool compounds. Herein, we report the total synthesis of 16 sesquiterpene lactones via a build/couple/pair strategy, including goyasensolide. Using an alkyne-tagged cellular probe and proteomics analysis, we discovered that goyazensolide selectively targets the oncoprotein importin-5 (IPO5) for covalent engagement. We further demonstrate that goyazensolide inhibits the translocation of RASAL-2, a cargo of IPO5, into the nucleus and perturbs the binding between IPO5 and two specific viral nuclear localization sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Liu
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rémi Patouret
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sofia Barluenga
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael Plank
- Department
of Molecular Biology, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robbie Loewith
- Department
of Molecular Biology, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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19
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Zhang YA, Milkovits A, Agarawal V, Taylor CA, Snyder SA. Total Synthesis of the Meroterpenoid Manginoid A as Fueled by a Challenging Pinacol Coupling and Bicycle-forming Etherification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11127-11132. [PMID: 33644941 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The manginoids are a unique collection of bioactive natural products whose structures fuse an oxa-bridged spirocyclohexanedione with a heavily substituted trans-hydrindane framework. Herein, we show that such architectures can be accessed through a strategy combining a challenging pinacol coupling and bicycle-forming etherification with several additional chemo- and regioselective reactions. The success of these key events proved to be highly substrate and condition specific, affording insights for their application to other targets. As a result, not only has a 19-step total synthesis of manginoid A been achieved, but a potential roadmap to access other members of the family and related natural products has also been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Amanda Milkovits
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Valay Agarawal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Cooper A Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Scott A Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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20
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Wang X, Xie G, Zhao Y, Zheng K, Fang Y, Wang X. Facile pinacol coupling of aliphatic ketones by Brook rearrangement in the presence of samarium species. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Zhang Y, Milkovits A, Agarawal V, Taylor CA, Snyder SA. Total Synthesis of the Meroterpenoid Manginoid A as Fueled by a Challenging Pinacol Coupling and Bicycle‐forming Etherification. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐An Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Amanda Milkovits
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Valay Agarawal
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Cooper A. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Scott A. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
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22
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Emmetiere F, Ratnayake R, Schares HAM, Jones KFM, Bevan-Smith E, Luesch H, Harki DA, Grenning AJ. Function-Oriented and Modular (+/-)-cis-Pseudoguaianolide Synthesis: Discovery of New Nrf2 Activators and NF-κB Inhibitors. Chemistry 2021; 27:5564-5571. [PMID: 33502811 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Described herein is a function-oriented synthesis route and biological evaluation of pseudoguaianolide analogues. The 10-step synthetic route developed retains the topological complexity of the natural product, installs functional handles for late-stage diversification, and forges the key bioactive Michael acceptors early in the synthesis. The analogues were found to be low-micromolar Nrf2 activators and micromolar NF-κB inhibitors and dependent on the local environment of the Michael acceptor moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Emmetiere
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Henry A M Schares
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Katherine F M Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Emily Bevan-Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Daniel A Harki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Alexander J Grenning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
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23
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Christensen SB, Simonsen HT, Engedal N, Nissen P, Møller JV, Denmeade SR, Isaacs JT. From Plant to Patient: Thapsigargin, a Tool for Understanding Natural Product Chemistry, Total Syntheses, Biosynthesis, Taxonomy, ATPases, Cell Death, and Drug Development. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 115:59-114. [PMID: 33797641 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64853-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Thapsigargin, the first representative of the hexaoxygenated guaianolides, was isolated 40 years ago in order to understand the skin-irritant principles of the resin of the umbelliferous plant Thapsia garganica. The pronounced cytotoxicity of thapsigargin is caused by highly selective inhibition of the intracellular sarco-endoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) situated on the membrane of the endo- or sarcoplasmic reticulum. Thapsigargin is selective to the SERCA pump and to a minor extent the secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+ ATPase (SPCA) pump. Thapsigargin has become a tool for investigation of the importance of SERCA in intracellular calcium homeostasis. In addition, complex formation of thapsigargin with SERCA has enabled crystallization and structure determination of calcium-free states by X-ray crystallography. These results led to descriptions of the mechanism of action and kinetic properties of SERCA and other ATPases. Inhibition of SERCA depletes Ca2+ from the sarco- and endoplasmic reticulum provoking the unfolded protein response, and thereby has enabled new studies on the mechanism of cell death. Development of protocols for selective transformation of thapsigargin disclosed the chemistry and facilitated total synthesis of the molecule. Conversion of trilobolide into thapsigargin offered an economically feasible sustainable source of thapsigargin, which enables a future drug production. Principles for prodrug development were used by conjugating a payload derived from thapsigargin with a hydrophilic peptide selectively cleaved by proteases in the tumor. Mipsagargin was developed in order to obtain a drug for treatment of cancer diseases characterized by the presence of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in the neovascular tissue of the tumors. Even though mipsagargin showed interesting clinical effects the results did not encourage funding and consequently the attempt to register the drug has been abandoned. In spite of this disappointing fact, the research performed to develop the drug has resulted in important scientific discoveries concerning the chemistry, biosynthesis and biochemistry of sesquiterpene lactones, the mechanism of action of ATPases including SERCA, mechanisms for cell death caused by the unfolded protein response, and the use of prodrugs for cancer-targeting cytotoxins. The presence of toxins in only some species belonging to Thapsia also led to a major revision of the taxonomy of the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Brøgger Christensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Toft Simonsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Bld 223, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital, Montebello, 0379, Oslo, Norway
| | - Poul Nissen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jesper Vuust Møller
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 3, Bld 1182, Room 114, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Samuel R Denmeade
- Department of Oncology, Prostate Cancer Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Maryland, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, The Bunting-Blaustein Cancer Research Building, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - John T Isaacs
- Department of Oncology, Prostate Cancer Program, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Maryland, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, The Bunting-Blaustein Cancer Research Building, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
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24
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Thapsigargin-From Traditional Medicine to Anticancer Drug. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010004. [PMID: 33374919 PMCID: PMC7792614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A sesquiterpene lactone, thapsigargin, is a phytochemical found in the roots and fruits of Mediterranean plants from Thapsia L. species that have been used for centuries in folk medicine to treat rheumatic pain, lung diseases, and female infertility. More recently thapsigargin was found to be a potent cytotoxin that induces apoptosis by inhibiting the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump, which is necessary for cellular viability. This biological activity encouraged studies on the use of thapsigargin as a novel antineoplastic agent, which were, however, hampered due to high toxicity of this compound to normal cells. In this review, we summarized the recent knowledge on the biological activity and molecular mechanisms of thapsigargin action and advances in the synthesis of less-toxic thapsigargin derivatives that are being developed as novel anticancer drugs.
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25
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Allred TK, Dieskau AP, Zhao P, Lackner GL, Overman LE. General Access to Concave-Substituted cis-Dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanones: Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Macfarlandin C and Dendrillolide A. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15532-15551. [PMID: 33197184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of a strategy to access the family of rearranged spongian diterpenoids harboring a concave-substituted cis-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one fragment is described. The approach involves late-stage fragment coupling of a tertiary-carbon radical and an electron-deficient double bond to form vicinal quaternary and tertiary stereocenters with high fidelity. A stereoselective Mukaiyama hydration is the key step in the subsequent elaboration of the cis-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one moiety. This strategy was utilized in enantioselective total syntheses of (-)-macfarlandin C and (+)-dendrillolide A. An efficient construction of enantiopure tetramethyloctahydronaphthalenes was developed during the construction of (-)-macfarlandin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler K Allred
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - André P Dieskau
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Gregory L Lackner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Larry E Overman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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26
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Zhang W, Zhou ZX, Zhu XJ, Sun ZH, Dai WM, Li CC. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the Highly Strained 4β-Acetoxyprobotryane-9β,15α-diol. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19868-19873. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zi-Xiong Zhou
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xu-Jiang Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhang-Hua Sun
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei-Min Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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27
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Cheng MJ, Zhong LP, Gu CC, Zhu XJ, Chen B, Liu JS, Wang L, Ye WC, Li CC. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Bufospirostenin A. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12602-12607. [PMID: 32658467 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The first and asymmetric total synthesis of bioactive bufospirostenin A, an unusual spirostanol with rearranged A/B rings, was accomplished. The synthetically challenging [5-7-6-5] tetracyclic ring system, found in bufospirostenin A and some other natural products, was efficiently constructed by the unique intramolecular rhodium-catalyzed Pauson-Khand reaction of an alkoxyallene-yne. The 11 stereocenters in the final product, including the 10 contiguous stereocenters, were installed diastereoselectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jing Cheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhong
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chen-Chen Gu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xu-Jiang Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jun-Shan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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28
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Marchesini M, Gherli A, Montanaro A, Patrizi L, Sorrentino C, Pagliaro L, Rompietti C, Kitara S, Heit S, Olesen CE, Møller JV, Savi M, Bocchi L, Vilella R, Rizzi F, Baglione M, Rastelli G, Loiacono C, La Starza R, Mecucci C, Stegmaier K, Aversa F, Stilli D, Lund Winther AM, Sportoletti P, Bublitz M, Dalby-Brown W, Roti G. Blockade of Oncogenic NOTCH1 with the SERCA Inhibitor CAD204520 in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:678-697.e13. [PMID: 32386594 PMCID: PMC7305996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The identification of SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase) as a target for modulating gain-of-function NOTCH1 mutations in Notch-dependent cancers has spurred the development of this compound class for cancer therapeutics. Despite the innate toxicity challenge associated with SERCA inhibition, we identified CAD204520, a small molecule with better drug-like properties and reduced off-target Ca2+ toxicity compared with the SERCA inhibitor thapsigargin. In this work, we describe the properties and complex structure of CAD204520 and show that CAD204520 preferentially targets mutated over wild-type NOTCH1 proteins in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Uniquely among SERCA inhibitors, CAD204520 suppresses NOTCH1-mutated leukemic cells in a T-ALL xenografted model without causing cardiac toxicity. This study supports the development of SERCA inhibitors for Notch-dependent cancers and extends their application to cases with isolated mutations in the PEST degradation domain of NOTCH1, such as MCL or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis
- Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Molecular Structure
- Mutation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/metabolism
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Receptor, Notch1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Marchesini
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Andrea Gherli
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Anna Montanaro
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Laura Patrizi
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Claudia Sorrentino
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Luca Pagliaro
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Chiara Rompietti
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Samuel Kitara
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sabine Heit
- University of Oxford, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Claus E Olesen
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jesper V Møller
- Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Monia Savi
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bocchi
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Rocchina Vilella
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzi
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy; INBB - Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, Rome 00136, Italy
| | - Marilena Baglione
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Giorgia Rastelli
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Caterina Loiacono
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Roberta La Starza
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Cristina Mecucci
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Franco Aversa
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Donatella Stilli
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma 43124, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Sportoletti
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Maike Bublitz
- University of Oxford, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | | | - Giovanni Roti
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma 43126, Italy.
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29
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Applications of Sesquiterpene Lactones: A Review of Some Potential Success Cases. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10093001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones, a vast range of terpenoids isolated from Asteraceae species, exhibit a broad spectrum of biological effects and several of them are already commercially available, such as artemisinin. Here the most recent and impactful results of in vivo, preclinical and clinical studies involving a selection of ten sesquiterpene lactones (alantolactone, arglabin, costunolide, cynaropicrin, helenalin, inuviscolide, lactucin, parthenolide, thapsigargin and tomentosin) are presented and discussed, along with some of their derivatives. In the authors’ opinion, these compounds have been neglected compared to others, although they could be of great use in developing important new pharmaceutical products. The selected sesquiterpenes show promising anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, acting on various targets. Moreover, they exhibit antifungal, anxiolytic, analgesic, and antitrypanosomal activities. Several studies discussed here clearly show the potential that some of them have in combination therapy, as sensitizing agents to facilitate and enhance the action of drugs in clinical use. The derivatives show greater pharmacological value since they have better pharmacokinetics, stability, potency, and/or selectivity. All these natural terpenoids and their derivatives exhibit properties that invite further research by the scientific community.
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Harmange Magnani CS, Thach DQ, Haelsig KT, Maimone TJ. Syntheses of Complex Terpenes from Simple Polyprenyl Precursors. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:949-961. [PMID: 32202757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
From structure elucidation and biogenesis to synthetic methodology and total synthesis, terpene natural products have profoundly influenced the development of organic chemistry. Moreover, their myriad functional attributes range from fragrance to pharmaceuticals and have had great societal impact. Ruzicka's formulation of the "biogenetic isoprene rule," a Nobel Prize winning discovery now over 80 years old, allowed for identification of higher order terpene (aka "isoprenoid") structures from simple five-carbon isoprene fragments. Notably, the isoprene rule still holds pedagogical value to students of organic chemistry today. Our laboratory has completed syntheses of over two dozen terpene and meroterpene structures to date, and the isoprene rule has served as a key pattern recognition tool for our synthetic planning purposes. At the strategic level, great opportunity exists in finding unique and synthetically simplifying ways to connect the formal C5 isoprene fragments embedded in terpenes. Biomimetic cationic polyene cyclizations represent the earliest incarnation of this idea, which has facilitated expedient routes to certain terpene polycycle classes. Nonetheless, a large swath of terpene chemical space remains inaccessible using this approach.In this Account, we describe strategic insight into our endeavors in terpene synthesis published over the last five years. We show how biosynthetic understanding, combined with a desire to utilize abundant and inexpensive [C5]n building blocks, has led to efficient, abiotic syntheses of multiple complex terpenes with disparate ring systems. Informed by nature, but unconstrained by its processes, our synthetic assembly exploits chemical reactivity across diverse reaction types-including radical, anionic, pericyclic, and metal-mediated transformations.First, we detail an eight-step synthesis of the cembrane diterpene chatancin from dihydrofarnesal using a bioinspired-but not -mimetic-cycloaddition. Next, we describe the assembly of the antimalarial cardamom peroxide using a polyoxygenation cascade to fuse multiple units of molecular oxygen onto a dimeric skeleton. This three-to-four-step synthesis arises from (-)-myrtenal, an inexpensive pinene oxidation product. We then show how a radical cyclization cascade can forge the hallmark cyclooctane ring system of the complex sesterterpene 6-epi-ophiobolin N from two simple polyprenyl precursors, (-)-linalool and farnesol. To access the related, more complex metabolite 6-epi-ophiobolin A, we exploited the plasticity of our synthetic route and found that use of geraniol (C10) rather than farnesol (C15) gave us the flexibility needed to address the additional oxidation found in this congener. Following this work, we describe two strategies to access several guaianolide sesquiterpenes. Retrosynthetic disconnection to monoterpenes, carvone or (-)-linalool, coupled with a powerful allylation strategy allowed us to address guaianolides with disparate stereochemical motifs. Finally, we examine a semisynthetic approach to the illicium sesquiterpenes from the abundant 15-carbon feedstock terpene (+)-cedrol using an abiotic ring shift and multiple C-H oxidation reactions inspired by a postulated biosynthesis of this natural product class.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danny Q. Thach
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Karl T. Haelsig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Thomas J. Maimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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31
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Allred TK, Dieskau AP, Zhao P, Lackner GL, Overman LE. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Macfarlandin C, a Spongian Diterpenoid Harboring a Concave‐Substituted
cis
‐Dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanone Fragment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler K. Allred
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - André P. Dieskau
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Gregory L. Lackner
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Larry E. Overman
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
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32
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Allred TK, Dieskau AP, Zhao P, Lackner GL, Overman LE. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Macfarlandin C, a Spongian Diterpenoid Harboring a Concave‐Substituted
cis
‐Dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octanone Fragment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6268-6272. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler K. Allred
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - André P. Dieskau
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Gregory L. Lackner
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
| | - Larry E. Overman
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine 1102 Natural Sciences II Irvine CA 92697-2025 USA
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Peterková L, Kmoníčková E, Ruml T, Rimpelová S. Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase Inhibitors: Beyond Anticancer Perspective. J Med Chem 2020; 63:1937-1963. [PMID: 32030976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), which plays a key role in the maintenance of Ca2+ ion homeostasis, is an extensively studied enzyme, the inhibition of which has a considerable impact on cell life and death decision. To date, several SERCA inhibitors have been thoroughly studied and the most notable one, a derivative of the sesquiterpene lactone thapsigargin, is gradually approaching a clinical application. Meanwhile, new compounds with SERCA-inhibiting properties of natural, synthetic, or semisynthetic origin are being discovered and/or developed; some of these might also be suitable for the development of new drugs with improved performance. This review brings an up-to-date comprehensive overview of recently discovered compounds with the potential of SERCA inhibition, discusses their mechanism of action, and highlights their potential clinical applications, such as cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Peterková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kmoníčková
- Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Silvie Rimpelová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Min
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohong Lin
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chuang-Chuang Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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35
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Hu X, Musacchio AJ, Shen X, Tao Y, Maimone TJ. Allylative Approaches to the Synthesis of Complex Guaianolide Sesquiterpenes from Apiaceae and Asteraceae. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14904-14915. [PMID: 31448610 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With hundreds of unique members isolated to date, guaianolide lactones represent a particularly prolific class of terpene natural products. Given their extensive documented therapeutic properties and fascinating chemical structures, these metabolites have captivated the synthetic chemistry community for many decades. As a result of divergent biosynthetic pathways, which produce a wide array of stereochemical and oxidative permutations, a unifying synthetic pathway to this broad family of natural products is challenging. Herein we document the evolution of a chiral-pool-based synthetic program aimed at accessing an assortment of guaianolides, particularly those from the plant family Apiaceae as well as Asteraceae, members of which possess distinct chemical substructures and necessitate deviating synthetic platforms. An initial route employing the linear monoterpene linalool generated a lower oxidation state guaianolide but was not compatible with the majority of family members. A double-allylation disconnection using a carvone-derived fragment was then developed to access first an Asteraceae-type guaianolide and then various Apiaceae congeners. Finally, using these findings in conjunction with a tandem polyoxygenation cascade, we developed a pathway to highly oxygenated nortrilobolide. A variety of interesting observations in metal-mediated aldehyde allylation and alkene polyoxygenation are reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas J Maimone
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Berkeley , 826 Latimer Hall , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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36
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Hernandez LW, Sarlah D. Empowering Synthesis of Complex Natural Products. Chemistry 2019; 25:13248-13270. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas W. Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue 270 RAL, Box 107-5 Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - David Sarlah
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 600 South Mathews Avenue 270 RAL, Box 107-5 Urbana IL 61801 USA
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Sanogo Y, Othman RB, Dhambri S, Selkti M, Jeuken A, Prunet J, Férézou JP, Ardisson J, Lannou MI, Sorin G. Ti(II) and Rh(I) Complexes as Reagents toward a Thapsigargin Core. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5821-5830. [PMID: 30964681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach toward the [5-7]fused bicyclic core of thapsigargin, a subnanomolar inhibitor of the endo/sarcoplasmic calcium ATPase (SERCA), is presented. The synthetic route includes an original Ti(II)-mediated hydroxy-directed reductive coupling of an enantiomerically enriched propargylic alcohol and an intramolecular Rh(I)-catalyzed cyclocarbonylation reaction as key steps. Interestingly, through the first experiments of titanocene-mediated reductive cyclization of a 1,8-enyne, a seven-membered cycle was isolated as a unique product with a total diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssouf Sanogo
- Unité CNRS UMR 8638 , Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Cedex 06 75270 , France
| | - Raja Ben Othman
- Unité CNRS UMR 8638 , Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Cedex 06 75270 , France
| | - Sabrina Dhambri
- Unité CNRS UMR 8638 , Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Cedex 06 75270 , France
| | - Mohamed Selkti
- Unité CNRS UMR 8015 , Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Cedex 06 75270 , France
| | - Alan Jeuken
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Joseph Black Building, University Avenue , Glasgow G12 8QQ , United Kingdom
| | - Joëlle Prunet
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Joseph Black Building, University Avenue , Glasgow G12 8QQ , United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Pierre Férézou
- Méthodologie, Synthèse et Molécules Thérapeutiques, ICMMO (CNRS UMR 8182) , Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 410 , Orsay F-91405 , France
| | - Janick Ardisson
- Unité CNRS UMR 8638 , Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Cedex 06 75270 , France
| | - Marie-Isabelle Lannou
- Unité CNRS UMR 8638 , Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Cedex 06 75270 , France
| | - Geoffroy Sorin
- Unité CNRS UMR 8638 , Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie , Sorbonne Paris Cité, 4 Avenue de l'Observatoire , Paris Cedex 06 75270 , France
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38
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Kempton RJ, Kidd-Kautz TA, Laurenceau S, Paula S. Heck- and Suzuki-coupling approaches to novel hydroquinone inhibitors of calcium ATPase. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:971-975. [PMID: 31164934 PMCID: PMC6541364 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored Heck- and Suzuki-coupling methodology to modify the template 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ, 2), an inhibitor of the enzyme sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA). We found that by utilizing Suzuki coupling, we could successfully attach a six-carbon tether to BHQ that terminated in a leucine moiety to obtain target 14. Similar to related compounds based on the structure of the natural product thapsigargin, 14 displayed inhibitory potency against SERCA activity. This makes 14 a suitable candidate for the future attachment of a deactivating peptide to convey specificity for prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kempton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA
| | - Taylor A Kidd-Kautz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA
| | - Soizic Laurenceau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA
| | - Stefan Paula
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Deng M, Yao Y, Li X, Li N, Zhang X, Liang G. Rapid Construction of the ABCE Tetracyclic Tertiary Amine Skeleton in Daphenylline Enabled by an Amine–Borane Complexation Strategy. Org Lett 2019; 21:3290-3294. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanmin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaohu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guangxin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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40
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Xia F, Gao Z, Zhang C, Ye S. Oxidative N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed [8+2] Annulation of Tropone and Aldehydes: Synthesis of Cycloheptatriene‐Fused Furanones. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong‐Hua Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
| | - Chun‐Lin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
| | - Song Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
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41
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Kim SJ, Lough AJ, Batey RA. An Approach to the 9-Oxo-10-oxabicyclo[5.3.0]dec-2-ene Core of the Guaianolide and Pseudoguaianolide Sesquiterpenes via a Domino Electrocyclic Ring-Opening/Carboxylic Acid Trapping of a gem-Dibromocyclopropane. J Org Chem 2018; 83:13799-13810. [PMID: 30303376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A domino silver(I)-promoted electrocyclic 2π-disrotatory electrocyclic ring-opening/intramolecular nucleophilic trapping of [ n.1.0]-dibromocyclopropanes by tethered carboxylic acids results in cyclization to butyrolactones fused to six- and seven-membered carbocycles. In the case of bicyclic [4.3.0] lactones the cis-fused stereoisomer was formed, whereas for the bicyclic [5.3.0] lactones the trans-fused stereoisomer was formed. Optimal conditions for the reaction used silver(I) trifluoroacetate (2.0 equiv) in trifluoroethanol or with added pyridine (2.0 equiv) and NaPF6 (5.0 equiv). The dibromocyclopropane precursors were made through cyclopropanation with in situ-generated dibromocarbene. The trans-fused lactones are potentially useful building blocks for pseudoguaianolide, guaianolide, and xanthanolide total synthesis. A computational study on the conformational preferences of these systems indicates that the trans-fused bicyclic [5.3.0] butyrolactones are lower in energy than the corresponding cis-fused lactones at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Kim
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Alan J Lough
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Robert A Batey
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
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Abstract
The field of natural product total synthesis has reached the point where synthetic efficiency has become more important than merely defining a viable (yet less ideal) route to the target molecule. Synthetic efficiency is best represented by the number of steps it takes to finish the target molecule from readily available starting materials, as by reducing the number of steps, all other factors of synthetic efficiency are influenced positively. By comparing several total syntheses from the recent years, the most successful strategies for step efficient syntheses will be highlighted. Each synthesis will be presented using a color-coded synthetic flowchart, in which each step is categorized by a colored box. Five categories of transformations are defined and rated according to their synthetic value. Each class will be signified by different colors so that the reader can quickly see which parts of the synthesis are productive and those that are not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schwan
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustraße 3, 10781 Berlin, Germany.
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López CQ, Corral P, Lorrain-Lorrette B, Martinez-Swatson K, Michoux F, Simonsen HT. Use of a temporary immersion bioreactor system for the sustainable production of thapsigargin in shoot cultures of Thapsia garganica. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:79. [PMID: 30202426 PMCID: PMC6128993 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thapsigargin and nortrilobolide are sesquiterpene lactones found in the Mediterranean plant Thapsia garganica L. Thapsigargin is a potent inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump, inducing apoptosis in mammalian cells. This mechanism has been used to develop a thapsigargin-based cancer drug first by GenSpera and later Inspyr Therapeutics (Westlake Village, California). However, a stable production of thapsigargin is not established. RESULTS In vitro regeneration from leaf explants, shoot multiplication and rooting of T. garganica was obtained along with the production of thapsigargins in temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs). Thapsigargin production was enhanced using reduced nutrient supply in combination with methyl jasmonate elicitation treatments. Shoots grown in vitro were able to produce 0.34% and 2.1% dry weight of thapsigargin and nortrilobolide, respectively, while leaves and stems of wild T. garganica plants contain only between 0.1 and 0.5% of thapsigargin and below detectable levels of nortrilobolide. In addition, a real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) study was performed to study the regulatory role of the biosynthetic genes HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR), farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), epikunzeaol synthase (TgTPS2) and the cytochrome P450 (TgCYP76AE2) of stem, leaf and callus tissues. Nadi staining showed that the thapsigargins are located in secretory ducts within these tissues. CONCLUSIONS Shoot regeneration, rooting and biomass growth from leaf explants of T. garganica were achieved, together with a high yield in vitro production of thapsigargin in TIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Quiñonero López
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Faculty of Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Henrik Toft Simonsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Faculty of Bioengineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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Chu H, Dünstl G, Felding J, Baran PS. Divergent synthesis of thapsigargin analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2705-2707. [PMID: 29636219 PMCID: PMC6119632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thapsigargin (3) is a potent inhibitor of the SERCA-pump protein, with potential for application in a variety of medicinal areas. The efficient and scalable syntheses of thapsigargin (3) and nortrilobolide (2) have been disclosed previously. To demonstrate the modularity of the previous routes, three natural products (compounds 6, 13, 15) and four analogs (compounds 17-20) have been divergently prepared from a common building block featuring varied acyl chains at the C2, C3, and C8 positions. Biological tests revealed that all of the compounds prepared displayed promising activity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Georg Dünstl
- Research & Development, LEO Pharma, A/S Industriparken 55, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Jakob Felding
- Research & Development, LEO Pharma, A/S Industriparken 55, 2750 Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
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45
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Indu S, Kaliappan KP. A new and informative [a,b,c,d] nomenclature for one-pot multistep transformations: a simple tool to measure synthetic efficiency. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21292-21305. [PMID: 35557999 PMCID: PMC9088519 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03338b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Domino, cascade and tandem reactions constitute the most efficient and creative chemical transformations with a huge domain of synthetic utility and applications. A number of reactions may be achieved in a single pot, accompanied by the formation of new rings and new bonds, leading towards higher molecular complexity. A lack of one unified, yet informative descriptor often understates the synthetic ingenuity of certain highly creative transformations. In this review, we propose a new tetra-coordinated [a,b,c,d] nomenclature which takes into account and displays the basic parameters which generally indicate the level of efficiency of a chemical transformation. An almost exhaustive set of one-pot multistep reactions may be described by this system and this review is an attempt to display the one-pot multistep transformations reported from our group and to classify them based on our proposed descriptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satrajit Indu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai-400076 India
| | - Krishna P Kaliappan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai-400076 India
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Jouanneau M, Bonepally KR, Jeuken A, Tap A, Guillot R, Ardisson J, Férézou JP, Prunet J. Diastereoselective Synthesis of an Advanced Intermediate of Thapsigargin and Other 6,12-Guaianolides Using a RCEYM Strategy. Org Lett 2018; 20:2176-2180. [PMID: 29616815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A new and flexible approach toward the synthesis of 6,12-guaianolide anticancer drugs such as trilobolides or thapsigargin has been developed that could be applied to the preparation of analogues with a modified ring system. The synthesis starts from commercial 2-methylcyclopentane-1,3-dione, only relying on diastereoselective reactions for the construction of the stereogenic centers at C1, C3, C6, and C10 and features a high-yielding ring-closing enyne metathesis (RCEYM) step for the formation of the [5,7] bicyclic core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Jouanneau
- Méthodologie, Synthèse et Molécules Thérapeutiques, ICMMO (CNRS UMR 8182) , Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 410 , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Karunakar Reddy Bonepally
- Méthodologie, Synthèse et Molécules Thérapeutiques, ICMMO (CNRS UMR 8182) , Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 410 , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Alan Jeuken
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Joseph Black Building, University Avenue , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
| | - Aurélien Tap
- Faculté de Pharmacie (CNRS UMR 8638) , Université Paris Descartes , 4 avenue de l'Observatoire , F-75270 Paris 06 , France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (CNRS UMR 8182) , Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 420 , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Janick Ardisson
- Faculté de Pharmacie (CNRS UMR 8638) , Université Paris Descartes , 4 avenue de l'Observatoire , F-75270 Paris 06 , France
| | - Jean-Pierre Férézou
- Méthodologie, Synthèse et Molécules Thérapeutiques, ICMMO (CNRS UMR 8182) , Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay , Bâtiment 410 , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Joëlle Prunet
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Joseph Black Building, University Avenue , Glasgow G12 8QQ , U.K
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiwu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanxing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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48
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Dey S, Bajaj SO. Promising anticancer drug thapsigargin: A perspective toward the total synthesis. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1386789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Dey
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sumit O. Bajaj
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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49
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Burrows LC, Jesikiewicz LT, Lu G, Geib SJ, Liu P, Brummond KM. Computationally Guided Catalyst Design in the Type I Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Pauson-Khand Reaction of Allenyl Acetates. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15022-15032. [PMID: 29022341 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Rh(I)-catalyzed allenic Pauson-Khand reaction (APKR) is an efficient, redox-neutral method of synthesizing α-acyloxy cyclopentenones. An enantioselective APKR could provide access to chiral, nonracemic α-acyloxy and α-hydroxy cyclopentenones and their corresponding redox derivatives, such as thapsigargin, a cytotoxic natural product with potent antitumor activity. Rapid scrambling of axial chirality of allenyl acetates in the presence of Rh(I) catalysts enables the conversion of racemic allene to enantiopure cyclopentenone product in a dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DyKAT). A combined experimental and computational approach was taken to develop an effective catalytic system to achieve the asymmetric transformation. The optimization of the denticity, and steric and electronic properties of the ancillary ligand (initially (S)-MonoPhos, 58:42 er), afforded a hemilabile bidentate (S)-MonoPhos-alkene-Rh(I) catalyst that provided α-acyloxy cyclopentenone product in up to 14:86 er. Enantioselectivity of the Rh(I)-(S)-MonoPhos-alkene catalyst was rationalized using ligand-substrate steric interactions and distortion energies in the computed transition states. This asymmetric APKR of allenyl acetates is a rare example of a Type I DyKAT reaction of an allene, the first example of DyKAT in a cyclocarbonylation reaction, and the first catalyst-controlled enantioselective APKR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Luke T Jesikiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Steven J Geib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kay M Brummond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Hajra S, Acharyya S, Mandal A, Maity R. Unified total synthesis of (+)-chinensiolide B and (+)-8-epigrosheimin. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6401-6410. [PMID: 28731121 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01217a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An expedient synthetic approach has been developed for the unified total synthesis of (+)-chinensiolide B and (+)-8-epigrosheimin. The point of divergence was provided by the lactone aldehyde 6, in which four contiguous stereocenters were achieved by a stereocontrolled Evans syn-aldol reaction of a R-carvone derived enantiopure aldehyde and chiral N-succinyl-oxazolidinone. The lactone aldehyde 6 was synthesized in multigram quantity in three steps. Highly optimized chemo- and stereoselective reactions and functional group interconversion enabled us to assemble (+)-chinensiolide B and (+)-8-epigrosheimin from 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Hajra
- Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery Laboratory, Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS) Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India.
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