1
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Zhang D, Zhang F, Du H, Liu F, Yi X, Chen J, Hu BL. U-shaped stereoscopic design strategy toward N-doped nanographene segment. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11771-11774. [PMID: 38617572 PMCID: PMC11009840 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00788c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
There have been scarce reports about stereoscopic design of N-heteroacenes (NHAs), especially for the electron-deficient π-building blocks. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a U-shaped bis(pyrene-quinoxaline) (BPQ). Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals the herringbone stacking pattern and the presence of regular and incompletely closed pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Batteries and Materials, Jiangxi University of Sciences and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Fengyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Hanyun Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Fei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Xiaohui Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Batteries and Materials, Jiangxi University of Sciences and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Ben-Lin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China
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2
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Munteanu T, Mazan V, Elhabiri M, Benbouziyane C, Canard G, Jacquemin D, Siri O, Pascal S. A Strategy to Design Substituted Tetraamino-Phenazine Dyes and Access to an NIR-Absorbing Benzoquinonediimine-Fused Quinoxaline. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37216490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The straightforward access to N- or C-substituted dinitro-tetraamino-phenazines (P1-P5) is enabled in oxidative conditions via formation of two intermolecular C-N bonds from accessible 5-nitrobenzene-1,2,4-triamine precursors. The photophysical studies revealed green absorbing and orange-red emitting dyes, with enhanced fluorescence in the solid state. Further reduction of the nitro functions led to the isolation of a benzoquinonediimine-fused quinoxaline (P6), which undergoes diprotonation to form a dicationic coupled trimethine dye absorbing beyond 800 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Munteanu
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Valérie Mazan
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, ECPM, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, Equipe Chimie Bioorganique et Médicinale, ECPM, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Gabriel Canard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM, UMR 6230, CNRS, 44322 Nantes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, 13009 Marseille, France
- Université de Nantes, CEISAM, UMR 6230, CNRS, 44322 Nantes, France
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3
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Wu Z, Hippchen N, Han J, Ji L, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Krebs J, Moos M, Biegger P, Tverskoy O, Maier S, Lambert C, Dreuw A, Marder TB, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. The Radical Anion and Dianion of Benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2- b]phenazine. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36802620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We present the reduction of two azaacenes (a benzo-[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-b]phenazine and a benzo[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2-b]naphtho[2,3-i]phenazine derivative), featuring a single cyclobutadiene unit, to their radical anions and dianions. The reduced species were produced using potassium naphthalenide in the presence of 18-crown-6 in THF. Crystal structures of the reduced representatives were obtained and their optoelectronic properties evaluated. Charging these 4n Hückel systems gives dianionic 4n + 2 π-electron systems with increased antiaromaticity, according to NICS(1.7)zz calculations, featuring unusually red-shifted absorption spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jie Han
- Interdisziplinares Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen and Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lei Ji
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Krebs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Biegger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinares Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen and Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Maier S, Hippchen N, Jester F, Dodds M, Weber M, Skarjan L, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Azaarenes: 13 Rings in a Row by Cyclopentannulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214031. [PMID: 36383088 PMCID: PMC10107455 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopentannulation was explored as a strategy to access large, stable azaarenes. Buchwald-Hartwig coupling of previously reported di- and tetrabrominated cyclopentannulated N,N'-dihydrotetraazapentacenes furnished stable azaarenes with up to 13 six-membered rings in a row and a length of 3.1 nm. Their optoelectronic and semi-conducting properties as well as their aromaticity were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Jester
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Dodds
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michel Weber
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leon Skarjan
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Grossmann L, Ringel E, Rastgoo-Lahrood A, King BT, Rosen J, Heckl WM, Opris D, Björk J, Lackinger M. Steering Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Iptycenes on Au(111) by Tuning Molecule-Surface Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201044. [PMID: 35287247 PMCID: PMC9325367 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of three-dimensional molecules is scarcely studied on surfaces. Their modes of adsorption can exhibit far greater variability compared to (nearly) planar molecules that adsorb mostly flat on surfaces. This additional degree of freedom can have decisive consequences for the expression of intermolecular binding motifs, hence the formation of supramolecular structures. The determining molecule-surface interactions can be widely tuned, thereby providing a new powerful lever for crystal engineering in two dimensions. Here, we study the self-assembly of triptycene derivatives with anthracene blades on Au(111) by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure and Density Functional Theory. The impact of molecule-surface interactions was experimentally tested by comparing pristine with iodine-passivated Au(111) surfaces. Thereby, we observed a fundamental change of the adsorption mode that triggered self-assembly of an entirely different structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Grossmann
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Eva Ringel
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Atena Rastgoo-Lahrood
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Benjamin T King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0216, USA
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, IFM, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang M Heckl
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Dorina Opris
- Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, IFM, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Markus Lackinger
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
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6
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John Plater M, Harrison WTA. Potential Building Blocks for 1,4-Dihydro-N-heteroacenes. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200092. [PMID: 35674450 PMCID: PMC9176027 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Studies have been performed aimed at the synthesis of N-heteroacenes via substitution reactions of 4,5-difluoro-1,2-dinitrobenzene with a diamine. The fluorine atoms are displaced first, followed by an activated nitro group. Two intermediates have been characterised by X-ray single-crystal structure determinations. Their intermolecular interactions were examined by Hirshfeld surfaces to assess their suitability for organic molecular electronics. The high reactivity of the phenazine, which is prone to oxidise and rearrange, as are displacement products prepared from it, is explained by the formation of a cis-aci-nitro form from the secondary amine of the phenazine and a nitro group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M John Plater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - William T A Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
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7
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Valentini C, Gowland D, Bezzu CG, Romito D, Demitri N, Bonini N, Bonifazi D. Customising excitation properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by rational positional heteroatom doping: the peri-xanthenoxanthene (PXX) case. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6335-6347. [PMID: 35733908 PMCID: PMC9159094 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01038k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we tackle the challenge of gaining control of the photophysical properties of PAHs through a site-specific N-doping within the structural aromatic framework. By developing a simple predictive tool that identifies C(sp2)-positions that if substituted with a heteroatom would tailor the changes in the absorption and emission spectral envelopes, we predict optimal substitutional patterns for the model peri-xanthenoxanthene (PXX) PAH. Specifically, TDDFT calculations of the electron density difference between the S1 excited state and S0 ground state of PXX allowed us to identify the subtleties in the role of sites i.e., electron donating or withdrawing character on excitation. The replacement of two C(sp2)-atoms with two N-atoms, in either electron donating or withdrawing positions, shifts the electronic transitions either to low or high energy, respectively. This consequently shifts the PXX absorption spectral envelop bathochromically or hypsochromically, as demonstrated by steady-state absorption spectroscopic measurements. Within the series of synthesised N-doped PXX, we tune the optical band gap within an interval of ∼0.4 eV, in full agreement with the theoretical predictions. Relatedly, measurements show the more blueshifted the absorption/emission energies, the greater the fluorescence quantum yield value (from ∼45% to ∼75%). On the other hand, electrochemical investigations suggested that the N-pattern has a limited influence on the redox properties. Lastly, depending on the N-pattern, different supramolecular organisations could be obtained at the solid-state, with the 1,7-pattern PXX molecule forming multi-layered, graphene-like, supramolecular sheets through a combination of weak H-bonding and π-π stacking interactions. Supramolecular striped patterned sheets could also be formed with the 3,9- and 4,10-congeners when co-crystallized with a halogen-bond donor molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cataldo Valentini
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Duncan Gowland
- Department of Physics, King's College London Strand London WC2R 2LS UK
| | - C Grazia Bezzu
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Deborah Romito
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Str. 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza Trieste Italy
| | - Nicola Bonini
- Department of Physics, King's College London Strand London WC2R 2LS UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Str. 38 1090 Vienna Austria
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8
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Zhou P, Deng L, Han Z, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Huo S. Benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione condensed asymmetric azaacenes as strong acceptors. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13480-13486. [PMID: 35520146 PMCID: PMC9067369 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01074g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized three novel benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione (BQD) condensed asymmetric azaacenes, BQD-TZ, BQD-AP and BQD-PA, with different end groups of 1,2,5-thiadiazole, acenaphthylene and phenanthrene. The triisopropylsilylethynyl groups were grafted to increase the solubility and crystallinity of the three molecules. These molecules have high electron affinity values of 3.87, 3.69 and 3.74 eV for BQD-TZ, BQD-AP and BQD-PA, respectively as confirmed by cyclic voltammetry measurements. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that these molecules have strong π–π stacking with distances of 3.31–3.41 Å and different stacking arrangements. Three benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione (BQD) condensed asymmetric azaacenes, BQD-TZ, BQD-AP andBQD-PA, with different end groups, have been successfully synthesized and their structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Lanlan Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Zengtao Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China
| | - Shuhui Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 China
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9
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Grossmann L, Ringel E, Rastgoo‐Lahrood A, King BT, Rosen J, Heckl WM, Opris D, Björk J, Lackinger M. Steuerung der Selbstassemblierung von dreidimensionalen Iptycenen auf Au(111) durch Abstimmung der Molekül‐Oberflächen‐Wechselwirkungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Grossmann
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Eva Ringel
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Atena Rastgoo‐Lahrood
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Benjamin T. King
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada Reno NV 89557-0216 USA
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University IFM, 581 83 Linköping Schweden
| | - Wolfgang M. Heckl
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Dorina Opris
- Abteilung Funktionspolymere Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology 8600 Dübendorf Schweiz
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University IFM, 581 83 Linköping Schweden
| | - Markus Lackinger
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
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10
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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11
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Ding W, Zhang G. Access to fused π-extended acridone derivatives through a regioselective oxidative demethylation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6985-6989. [PMID: 34346476 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01249e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative demethylation of ortho-dimethoxyacridone with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) regioselectively furnished an ortho-quinone leaving a methoxyl group unreacted, which further condensed with aromatic ortho-diamines to afford angularly fused π-extended acridone derivatives. Crystallographic analysis reveals the distinct manner of molecular packing in the crystals according to the dimension of π-extension. The benzene at the turning point possesses a shorter outer bond and a longer inner bond, which affects molecular conjugation and results in weakened aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China.
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12
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Plater MJ, Harrison WTA. A Potential Iterative Approach to 1,4-Dihydro-N-Heteroacene Arrays. ChemistryOpen 2021; 11:e202100150. [PMID: 34432942 PMCID: PMC8886647 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method for the synthesis of substituted 1,4‐dihydrophenazines is reported and the structure of N‐butyl‐5‐methyl‐3‐nitro‐5,10‐dihydrophenazine is proven by an X‐ray single‐crystal structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M John Plater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - William T A Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
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13
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Jin E, Yang Q, Ju CW, Chen Q, Landfester K, Bonn M, Müllen K, Liu X, Narita A. A Highly Luminescent Nitrogen-Doped Nanographene as an Acid- and Metal-Sensitive Fluorophore for Optical Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10403-10412. [PMID: 34224242 PMCID: PMC8283754 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Dibenzo[hi,st]ovalene (DBOV)
has excellent photophysical properties, including strong fluorescence
and high ambient stability. Moreover, the optical blinking properties
of DBOV have enabled optical super-resolution single-molecule localization
microscopy with an imaging resolution beyond the diffraction limit.
Various organic and inorganic fluorescent probes have been developed
for super-resolution imaging, but those sensitive to pH and/or metal
ions have remained elusive. Here, we report a diaza-derivative of
DBOV (N-DBOV), synthesized in eight steps with a total yield of 15%.
Nitrogen (N)-bearing zigzag edges were formed through oxidative cyclization
of amino groups in the last step. UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy
of N-DBOV revealed its promising optical properties comparable to
those of the parent DBOV, while cyclic voltammetry and density functional
theory calculations highlighted its lower orbital energy levels and
potential n-type semiconductor character. Notably,
in contrast to that of the parent DBOV, the strong luminescence of
N-DBOV is dependent on pH and the presence of heavy metal ions, indicating
the potential of N-DBOV in sensing applications. N-DBOV also exhibited
pH-responsive blinking, which enables pH-sensitive super-resolution
imaging. Therefore, N-DBOV appears to be a highly promising candidate
for fluorescence sensing in biology and environmental analytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enquan Jin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Qiqi Yang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Cheng-Wei Ju
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany.,College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | | | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany.,Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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14
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Fan M, Chen G, Xiang Y, Li J, Yu X, Zhang W, Long X, Xu L, Wu J, Xu Z, Zhang Q. Anthrathiadiazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Physical Properties and Two-photon Absorption. Chemistry 2021; 27:10898-10902. [PMID: 33780036 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Anthrathiadiazole is a key synthon for the construction of large azaacenes, however, the attachment of different substituents onto the skeleton of anthrathiadiazole is difficult but highly desirable because it could be easy to enrich the structures of azaacenes. Here, it is demonstrated that anthrathiadiazole derivatives with -Br, -CN, and -OCH3 groups could be easily constructed through a simple [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between a,a,a',a'-tetrabromo-o-xylenes derivatives and benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-dione. The structures of the as-prepared compounds with different substituents were carefully characterized. Moreover, the basic physical properties of the as-prepared anthrathiadiazole derivatives were fully investigated, where the cyano-substituted derivative (BTH-CN) has the highest stability and the methoxy-substituted derivative (BTH-OCH3 ) is easy to be oxidized. Moreover, the two-photon absorption (TPA) characteristics of different anthrathiadiazoles are also studied by using the femtosecond Z-scan technique. The results show that the fused anthrathiadiazole skeletons possess large TPA cross-section values δ2 in the range of 3000-5000 GM, where the nature, position and strength of the substituted groups have strong effect on these values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Fan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guangsheng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Junbo Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xianglin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Long
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, P. R. China
| | - Jinjun Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ze Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hongkong
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15
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Ueno K, Nishii Y, Miura M. Electrophilic Substitution of Asymmetrically Distorted Benzenes within Triptycene Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:3552-3556. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ueno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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16
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Ueberricke L, Punja Benke B, Kirschbaum T, Hahn S, Rominger F, Bunz UHF, Mastalerz M. Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of a Quinoxalino-Phenanthrophenazine (QPP) Extended Tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ). Chemistry 2021; 27:2043-2049. [PMID: 32954544 PMCID: PMC7898691 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A six‐step synthesis towards a tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) bearing three quinoxalinophenanthrophenazine (QPP) units is presented. The optoelectronic properties are investigated and the effect of the three‐dimensional arrangement of the individual QPP planes is examined using optical spectroscopy, electrochemical analysis and quantum‐chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ueberricke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bahiru Punja Benke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kirschbaum
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hahn
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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17
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Ueberricke L, Mastalerz M. Triptycene End-Capping as Strategy in Materials Chemistry to Control Crystal Packing and Increase Solubility. CHEM REC 2021; 21:558-573. [PMID: 33411413 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In materials chemistry of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) the kind of aggregation and the spatial arrangement of the π-planes are of utmost importance, e. g. for charge transport properties. Unfortunately, controlling these during crystallization is not trivial. In the past decade, we have introduced one-fold triptycene end-capping of quinoxalinophenanthrophenazines (QPPs) and other related structures to overcome this problem. When two instead of one triptycene end-caps are introduced, packing is largely suppressed, making typical PACs or pigments soluble in common organic solvents - which is another important property for such compounds to be processable from solution. In this account an overview of our research on using triptycene end-capping as dual strategy is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ueberricke
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im NeuenheimerFeld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im NeuenheimerFeld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Nishiyama Y, Akiyama K, Sakata Y, Hosoya T, Yoshida S. Facile Synthesis of Tetraarylpyrazines by Sequential Cross-coupling Approach. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitake Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kei Akiyama
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakata
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Suguru Yoshida
- Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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19
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Wang Q, Gao W, Chen Y, Wang X, Zeng J, Liu Y, Ran H, Hu Z, Bai J, Feng X, Redshaw C, Chen Q, Hu J. Pyrene‐fused Dibenzoazatetracenes: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Photophysical Properties and their Morphologies. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Ran
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jie Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Xing Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter School of Material and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Department of Chemistry University of Hull Cottingham Road Hull Yorkshire HU6 7RX UK
| | - Qing Chen
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences No.8, Dayangfang Beiyuan Beijing P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Yong Hu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
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20
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Hu BL, Zhang Q. Recent Progress in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Based Organic Co-Crystals. CHEM REC 2020; 21:116-132. [PMID: 33169940 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the development of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-based organic co-crystals has attracted increasing interest due to their unique packing modes, optic-electronic properties and various potential applications in electronic, optic-electronic and magnetic devices. In this account, we mainly discuss the definition, classification, packing patterns, preparation methods, and applications of PAH-based co-crystals. Specifically, the main categories of PAH-based organic co-crystals, the frequent methods to prepare them, three main packing patterns, their optical and electrical properties, and their potential applications will be presented. Finally, an outlook of this field is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Lin Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.,Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong postCode/>999077, China
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21
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Xu J, Wu X, Liu L, Ding Y, Li Y, Fang Y, Chen Y, Wu Q, Song Y. Investigation of ultrafast multi-photon absorption and optical limiting response in a pyrazine-based N-heteroacene. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Ueberricke L, Ciubotaru I, Ghalami F, Mildner F, Rominger F, Elstner M, Mastalerz M. Di- and Tetracyano-Substituted Pyrene-Fused Pyrazaacenes: Aggregation in the Solid State. Chemistry 2020; 26:11634-11642. [PMID: 32459010 PMCID: PMC7540477 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Five di- and tetracyano-substituted pyrene-fused pyrazaacenes were synthesized and studied as potential electron acceptors in the solid state. Single crystals of all compounds were grown and the crystal packing studied by DFT calculations (transfer integrals and reorganization energies) to get insight into possible use for semiconducting charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ueberricke
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Ioana Ciubotaru
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Farhad Ghalami
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieKarlsruher Institute of Technology (KIT)Kaiserstrasse 1276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Felix Mildner
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Marcus Elstner
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieKarlsruher Institute of Technology (KIT)Kaiserstrasse 1276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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23
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Ueno K, Nishii Y, Miura M. Copper-catalyzed Site-selective Direct Arylation of Triptycene. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ueno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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24
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Ðorđević L, Valentini C, Demitri N, Mézière C, Allain M, Sallé M, Folli A, Murphy D, Mañas‐Valero S, Coronado E, Bonifazi D. O‐Doped Nanographenes: A Pyrano/Pyrylium Route Towards Semiconducting Cationic Mixed‐Valence Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4106-4114. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luka Ðorđević
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Cataldo Valentini
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Basovizza, Trieste Italy
| | - Cécile Mézière
- MOLTECH-Anjou—UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Magali Allain
- MOLTECH-Anjou—UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Marc Sallé
- MOLTECH-Anjou—UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Andrea Folli
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Damien Murphy
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Samuel Mañas‐Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universitat de València Catedrático José Beltrán 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universitat de València Catedrático José Beltrán 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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25
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O‐Doped Nanographenes: A Pyrano/Pyrylium Route Towards Semiconducting Cationic Mixed‐Valence Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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26
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Xie G, Hauschild M, Hoffmann H, Ahrens L, Rominger F, Borkowski M, Marszalek T, Freudenberg J, Kivala M, Bunz UHF. 5,7,12,14-Tetrafunctionalized 6,13-Diazapentacenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:799-803. [PMID: 31609025 PMCID: PMC7004126 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, property evaluation, and single crystal X-ray structures of four 5,7,12,14-tetrafunctionalized diazapentacenes are presented. The synthesis of these compounds either starts from tetrabromo-N,N-dihydrodiazapentacene or from a diazapentacene tetraketone. Pd-catalyzed coupling or addition of a lithium acetylide gave the precursors that furnish, after further redox reactions, the diazapentacenes as stable crystalline materials. The performance of the tetraphenyl-substituted compound as n-channel semiconductor was evaluated in organic field effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaozhan Xie
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Miriam Hauschild
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hendrik Hoffmann
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Lukas Ahrens
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Michal Borkowski
- Department of Molecular PhysicsLodz University of TechnologyZeromskiego 11690924LodzPoland
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Department of Molecular PhysicsLodz University of TechnologyZeromskiego 11690924LodzPoland
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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27
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Nishii Y, Ikeda M, Hayashi Y, Kawauchi S, Miura M. Triptycenyl Sulfide: A Practical and Active Catalyst for Electrophilic Aromatic Halogenation Using N-Halosuccinimides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1621-1629. [PMID: 31868360 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A Lewis base catalyst Trip-SMe (Trip = triptycenyl) for electrophilic aromatic halogenation using N-halosuccinimides (NXS) is introduced. In the presence of an appropriate activator (as a noncoordinating-anion source), a series of unactivated aromatic compounds were halogenated at ambient temperature using NXS. This catalytic system was applicable to transformations that are currently unachievable except for the use of Br2 or Cl2: e.g., multihalogenation of naphthalene, regioselective bromination of BINOL, etc. Controlled experiments revealed that the triptycenyl substituent exerts a crucial role for the catalytic activity, and kinetic experiments implied the occurrence of a sulfonium salt [Trip-S(Me)Br][SbF6] as an active species. Compared to simple dialkyl sulfides, Trip-SMe exhibited a significant charge-separated ion pair character within the halonium complex whose structural information was obtained by the single-crystal X-ray analysis. A preliminary computational study disclosed that the π system of the triptycenyl functionality is a key motif to consolidate the enhancement of electrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nishii
- Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-E4-6 Ookayama , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8552 , Japan
| | - Susumu Kawauchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-E4-6 Ookayama , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8552 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
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28
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Merz J, Dietz M, Vonhausen Y, Wöber F, Friedrich A, Sieh D, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Moos M, Holzapfel M, Lambert C, Marder TB. Synthesis, Photophysical and Electronic Properties of New Red-to-NIR Emitting Donor-Acceptor Pyrene Derivatives. Chemistry 2020; 26:438-453. [PMID: 31593316 PMCID: PMC6973242 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized new pyrene derivatives with strong bis(para-methoxyphenyl)amine donors at the 2,7-positions and n-azaacene acceptors at the K-region of pyrene. The compounds possess a strong intramolecular charge transfer, leading to unusual properties such as emission in the red to NIR region (700 nm), which has not been reported before for monomeric pyrenes. Detailed photophysical studies reveal very long intrinsic lifetimes of >100 ns for the new compounds, which is typical for 2,7-substituted pyrenes but not for K-region substituted pyrenes. The incorporation of strong donors and acceptors leads to very low reduction and oxidation potentials, and spectroelectrochemical studies show that the compounds are on the borderline between localized Robin-Day class-II and delocalized Robin-Day class-III species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Merz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Yvonne Vonhausen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Frederik Wöber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Daniel Sieh
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie andInstitute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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Zhao K, Long G, Liu W, Li DS, Gao W, Zhang Q. U-Shaped Helical Azaarenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Properties. J Org Chem 2020; 85:291-295. [PMID: 31797673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of a series of U-shaped helical azaarenes are reported. Crystal structures of these helical azaarenes were obtained, and the solid-state structures unequivocally exhibited their helicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexiang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Guankui Long
- Division of Physics & Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematics Science , Nanyang Technological University Singapore , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Wenbo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Dong-Sheng Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials , China Three Gorges University , Yichang , Hubei 443002 , P.R. China
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics & Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematics Science , Nanyang Technological University Singapore , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
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30
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Ahrens L, Hahn S, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. N-Acenoacenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:14522-14526. [PMID: 31529726 PMCID: PMC7687221 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of new, fourfold alkynylated tetraazaacenoacenes (tetraazaanthracenoanthracene, tetraazatetracenotetracene and tetraazapentacenopentacene) are reported. This novel heteroacenoacene motif exhibits surprisingly strong electronic coupling between its constituting diazaacene units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Ahrens
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120Heidelberg, FRGGermany
| | - Sebastian Hahn
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120Heidelberg, FRGGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120Heidelberg, FRGGermany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120Heidelberg, FRGGermany
- InnovationLabSpeyerer Straße 469115Heidelberg, FRGGermany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120Heidelberg, FRGGermany
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)Ruprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120Heidelberg, FRGGermany
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31
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Yang B, Zhao J, Wang Z, Yang Z, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Li J, Xie L, An Z, Zhang H, Weng J, Huang W. Green-synthesized, low-cost tetracyanodiazafluorene (TCAF) as electron injection material for organic light-emitting diodes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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