1
|
Zhang Y, Zhang R, Chan CK, He M, Wei B, Liu H. Theoretical investigation on the oxidation mechanism of methylglyoxal in the aqueous phase. CHEMOSPHERE 2024:143425. [PMID: 39341396 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The oxidation mechanism of methylglyoxal (CH3COCHO) in the aqueous phase plays a crucial role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). To date, the investigations of reaction mechanisms of MG in the aqueous phase still needs to be refined, and the oxidation mechanisms of MG in the existence of various oxidants (e.g., H2O2, O3, ∙NO3, etc.) are in controversy. In this paper, we investigated the hypothesis that small-molecule organic acids are the primary products in cloud water and fog droplets, while large-molecule organic acids and oligomers play crucial roles in wet aerosols. Specifically, the hydration reaction, oxidation mechanism and oligomerization reaction of MG in aqueous phase were investigated on a theoretical basis. It has been indicated that the hydration reaction is a significant initiating reaction of MG in the atmospheric aqueous phase, whose generated hydrated compounds played a critical part in the process of forming oligomers. The aqueous oxidation reaction of MG could form a variety of organic acids, including pyruvic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, and oxalic acid. In the presence of OH radicals, pyruvic acid was the main first-generation production, which undergoes further reactions to form acetic acid, oxalic acid, and mesoxalic acid. Acetic acid was mainly derived from the reaction of OH radicals with pyruvic acid, whereas oxalic and mesoxalic acids were mainly generated by the OH radical reaction for MG and pyruvic acid. Of these, the formation of acetic acid was thermodynamically most favorable. Additionally, the reactions of MG with other oxidants also provided the possible pathways for pyruvic acid production. At 298 K, we calculated the rate constants for the reaction of MGHY with NO3, OH, HO2 radicals, and O3 to be 4.48 × 108, 2.54 × 107, 1.26 × 10-2, and 4.38 × 10-4 M-1 s-1, with atmospheric aqueous phase lifetimes (τ) of 4.43, 3.12 × 103, 2.21 × 1011, and 3.17 × 108 h, respectively. The theoretical results from this work will facilitate the explanation for the MG reaction process in the aqueous phase so as to further correctly estimate the relationship between the aqueous phase chemistry of MG and the formation of SOA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of safety and environmental engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, PR China; Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chak K Chan
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maoxia He
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Bo Wei
- College of safety and environmental engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, PR China; Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; Institute of Yellow River Delta Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Integrity, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China.
| | - Huaqing Liu
- College of safety and environmental engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, PR China; Institute of Yellow River Delta Earth Surface Processes and Ecological Integrity, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fang YG, Tang B, Yuan C, Wan Z, Zhao L, Zhu S, Francisco JS, Zhu C, Fang WH. Mechanistic insight into the competition between interfacial and bulk reactions in microdroplets through N 2O 5 ammonolysis and hydrolysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2347. [PMID: 38491022 PMCID: PMC10943240 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46674-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive uptake of dinitrogen pentaoxide (N2O5) into aqueous aerosols is a major loss channel for NOx in the troposphere; however, a quantitative understanding of the uptake mechanism is lacking. Herein, a computational chemistry strategy is developed employing high-level quantum chemical methods; the method offers detailed molecular insight into the hydrolysis and ammonolysis mechanisms of N2O5 in microdroplets. Specifically, our calculations estimate the bulk and interfacial hydrolysis rates to be (2.3 ± 1.6) × 10-3 and (6.3 ± 4.2) × 10-7 ns-1, respectively, and ammonolysis competes with hydrolysis at NH3 concentrations above 1.9 × 10-4 mol L-1. The slow interfacial hydrolysis rate suggests that interfacial processes have negligible effect on the hydrolysis of N2O5 in liquid water. In contrast, N2O5 ammonolysis in liquid water is dominated by interfacial processes due to the high interfacial ammonolysis rate. Our findings and strategy are applicable to high-chemical complexity microdroplets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Guang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyi Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao G, Li Y, Zhen W, Gao J, Gu Y, Hong B, Han X, Zhao S, Pera-Titus M. Enhanced Biphasic Reactions in Amphiphilic Silica Mesopores. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:1644-1653. [PMID: 38322775 PMCID: PMC10839897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c07477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of the pore volume and mesopore size of surface-active catalytic organosilicas on the genesis of particle-stabilized (Pickering) emulsions for the dodecanal/ethylene glycol system and their reactivity for the acid-catalyzed biphasic acetalization reaction. To this aim, we functionalized a series of fumed silica superparticles (size 100-300 nm) displaying an average mesopore size in the range of 11-14 nm and variable mesopore volume, with a similar surface density of octyl and propylsulfonic acid groups. The modified silica superparticles were characterized in detail using different techniques, including acid-base titration, thermogravimetric analysis, TEM, and dynamic light scattering. The pore volume of the particles impacts their self-assembly and coverage at the dodecanal/ethylene glycol (DA/EG) interface. This affects the stability and the average droplet size of emulsions and conditions of the available interfacial surface area for reaction. The maximum DA-EG productivity is observed for A200 super-SiNPs with a pore volume of 0.39 cm3·g-1 with an interfacial coverage by particles lower than 1 (i.e., submonolayer). Using dissipative particle dynamics and all-atom grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, we unveil a stabilizing role of the pore volume of porous silica superparticles for generating emulsions and local micromixing of immiscible dodecanal and ethylene glycol, allowing fast and efficient solvent-free acetalization in the presence of Pickering emulsions. The micromixing level is interrelated to the adsorption energy of self-assembled particles at the DA/EG interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Zhao
- Eco-Efficient
Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS − Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind. Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yao Li
- Eco-Efficient
Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS − Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind. Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wen Zhen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi
University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Eco-Efficient
Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS − Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind. Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Yunjiao Gu
- Eco-Efficient
Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS − Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind. Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Bing Hong
- Eco-Efficient
Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS − Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind. Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Xia Han
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shuangliang Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi
University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Marc Pera-Titus
- Eco-Efficient
Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS − Solvay, 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind. Zone, Shanghai 201108, China
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ju Y, Zhang H, Jiang Y, Wang W, Kan G, Yu K, Wang X, Liu J, Jiang J. Aqueous microdroplets promote C-C bond formation and sequences in the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle. Nat Ecol Evol 2023; 7:1892-1902. [PMID: 37679455 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle (rTCA) is a central anabolic network that uses carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have provided complex carbon substrates for life before the advent of RNA or enzymes. However, non-enzymatic promotion of the rTCA cycle, in particular carbon fixation, remains challenging, even with primordial metal catalysis. Here, we report that the fixation of CO2 by reductive carboxylation of succinate and α-ketoglutarate was achieved in aqueous microdroplets under ambient conditions without the use of catalysts. Under identical conditions, the aqueous microdroplets also facilitated the sequences in the rTCA cycle, including reduction, hydration, dehydration and retro-aldol cleavage and linked with the glyoxylate cycle. These reactions of the rTCA cycle were compatible with the aqueous microdroplets, as demonstrated with two-reaction and four-reaction sequences. A higher selectivity giving higher product yields was also observed. Our results suggest that the microdroplets provide an energetically favourable microenvironment and facilitate a non-enzymatic version of the rTCA cycle in prebiotic carbon anabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ju
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Yanxiao Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guangfeng Kan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China
| | - Jilin Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wan Z, Zhu C, Francisco JS. Molecular Insights into the Spontaneous Generation of Cl 2O in the Reaction of ClONO 2 and HOCl at the Air-Water Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17478-17484. [PMID: 37522957 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemical processes involving chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) at the surface of stratospheric aerosols are crucial to ozone depletion. Herein, we show a reaction route for the formation of Cl2O, which is a source of stratospheric chlorine, in the ClONO2 + HOCl reaction at the air-water interface. Our ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations show that the (ClONO2)Cl···O(HOCl) halogen bond plays a key role in the reaction and is the main interaction between ClONO2 and HOCl both at the air-water interface and in the bulk liquid water. Furthermore, metadynamics-based AIMD simulations reveal two pathways: (i) The OCl fragment of HOCl binds to the Cl atom in ClONO2, resulting in the formation of Cl2O and NO3-. Simultaneously, the remaining hydrogen atom is transferred to a water molecule to form H3O+. (ii) HOCl acts as a bridge for Cl atom transfer from ClONO2 to the O atom of a water molecule, and this water molecule transfers one of its H atoms to another water molecule, forming two HOCl molecules, NO3-, and H3O+. Free-energy calculations show that the former is the energetically more favorable process. More importantly, the free-energy barrier for Cl2O formation at the air-water interface is only ∼0.8 kcal/mol, and the reaction is exothermic. These findings provide insights into the importance of fundamental chlorine chemistry and the broader implications of the aerosol air-water interface for atmospheric chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Earth & Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rao Z, Li X, Fang YG, Francisco JS, Zhu C, Chu C. Spontaneous Oxidation of Thiols and Thioether at the Air-Water Interface of a Sea Spray Microdroplet. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10839-10846. [PMID: 37133970 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The transport of dissolved organic sulfur, including thiols and thioethers, from the ocean surface to the atmosphere through sea spray aerosol (SSA) is of great importance for the global sulfur cycle. Thiol/thioether in SSA undergoes rapid oxidation that is historically linked to photochemical processes. Here, we report the discovery of a non-photochemical, spontaneous path of thiol/thioether oxidation in SSA. Among 10 investigated naturally abundant thiol/thioether, seven species displayed rapid oxidation in SSA, with disulfide, sulfoxide, and sulfone comprising the major products. We suggest that such spontaneous oxidation of thiol/thioether was mainly fueled by thiol/thioether enrichment at the air-water interface and generation of highly reactive radicals by the loss of an electron from ions (e.g., glutathionyl radical produced from ionization of deprotonated glutathione) at or near the surface of the water microdroplet. Our work sheds light on a ubiquitous but previously overlooked pathway of thiol/thioether oxidation, which could contribute to an accelerated sulfur cycle as well as related metal transformation (e.g., mercury) at ocean-atmosphere interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Rao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojiao Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ye-Guang Fang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chiheng Chu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang T, Wen M, Ding C, Zhang Y, Ma X, Wang Z, Lily M, Liu J, Wang R. Multiple evaluations of atmospheric behavior between Criegee intermediates and HCHO: Gas-phase and air-water interface reaction. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 127:308-319. [PMID: 36522063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Given the high abundance of water in the atmosphere, the reaction of Criegee intermediates (CIs) with (H2O)2 is considered to be the predominant removal pathway for CIs. However, recent experimental findings reported that the reactions of CIs with organic acids and carbonyls are faster than expected. At the same time, the interface behavior between CIs and carbonyls has not been reported so far. Here, the gas-phase and air-water interface behavior between Criegee intermediates and HCHO were explored by adopting high-level quantum chemical calculations and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) simulations. Quantum chemical calculations evidence that the gas-phase reactions of CIs + HCHO are submerged energy or low energy barriers processes. The rate ratios speculate that the HCHO could be not only a significant tropospheric scavenger of CIs, but also an inhibitor in the oxidizing ability of CIs on SOx in dry and highly polluted areas with abundant HCHO concentration. The reactions of CH2OO with HCHO at the droplet's surface follow a loop structure mechanism to produce i) SOZ (), ii) BHMP (HOCH2OOCH2OH), and iii) HMHP (HOCH2OOH). Considering the harsh reaction conditions between CIs and HCHO at the interface (i.e., the two molecules must be sufficiently close to each other), the hydration of CIs is still their main atmospheric loss pathway. These results could help us get a better interpretation of the underlying CIs-aldehydes chemical processes in the global polluted urban atmospheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianlei Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China.
| | - Mingjie Wen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Chao Ding
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhuqing Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Makroni Lily
- Environmental Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Junhai Liu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China; Qinba Mountains of Bio-Resource Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical & Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang JH, Zhang F, Shi YP, Cai JR, Chuang YH, Hu WP, Lee YY, Wang CC. Water Plays Multifunctional Roles in the Intervening Formation of Secondary Organic Aerosols in Ozonolysis of Limonene: A Valence Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3765-3776. [PMID: 37052309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Although water may affect aqueous aerosol chemistry, how it intervenes in the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) at the molecular level remains elusive. Ozonolysis of limonene is one of the most important sources of indoor SOAs. Here, we report the valence electronic properties of limonene aerosols and SOAs derived from limonene ozonolysis (Lim-SOAs) via aerosol vacuum ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, with a focus on the effects of water on Lim-SOAs. The first vertical ionization energy of limonene aerosols is measured to be 8.79 ± 0.07 eV. While water significantly increases the total photoelectron yield of Lim-SOAs, three photoelectron features attributable to Lim-SOAs each exhibit distinct dependence on the fraction of water in aerosols, implying that different formation pathways and molecular origins are involved in the formation of Lim-SOAs. Combined with density functional theory calculation and mass spectrometry measurements, this study reveals that water, particularly the water dimer, enhances the formation of Lim-SOAs by altering the ozonolysis energetics and pathways by intervening in its Criegee chemistry, acting as both a catalyst and a reactant. The atmospheric implication is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhih-Hong Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. 80424
| | - Fuyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. 80424
| | - Yan-Pin Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. 80424
| | - Jia-Rong Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. 80424
| | - Yu-Hsuan Chuang
- Department of Chemistry and Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. 80424
| | - Wei-Ping Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan, R.O.C. 62102
| | - Yin-Yu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. 30076
| | - Chia C Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C. 80424
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang D, Wang J, Chen H, Gong C, Xing D, Liu Z, Gladich I, Francisco JS, Zhang X. Fast Hydroxyl Radical Generation at the Air-Water Interface of Aerosols Mediated by Water-Soluble PM 2.5 under Ultraviolet A Radiation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6462-6470. [PMID: 36913682 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the adverse health effects and the role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols, hydroxyl radical (OH) generation by atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM) has been of particular research interest in both bulk solutions and the gas phase. However, OH generation by PM at the air-water interface of atmospheric water droplets, a unique environment where reactions can be accelerated by orders of magnitude, has long been overlooked. Using the field-induced droplet ionization mass spectrometry methodology that selectively samples molecules at the air-water interface, here, we show significant oxidation of amphiphilic lipids and isoprene mediated by water-soluble PM2.5 at the air-water interface under ultraviolet A irradiation, with the OH generation rate estimated to be 1.5 × 1016 molecule·s-1·m-2. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations support the counter-intuitive affinity for the air-water interface of isoprene. We opine that it is the carboxylic chelators of the surface-active molecules in PM that enrich photocatalytic metals such as iron at the air-water interface and greatly enhance the OH generation therein. This work provides a potential new heterogeneous OH generation channel in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chu Gong
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dong Xing
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ziao Liu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6316, United States
| | - Ivan Gladich
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34410, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6316, United States
| | - Xinxing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Centre, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Masaya TW, Goulay F. A Molecular Dynamic Study of the Effects of Surface Partitioning on the OH Radical Interactions with Solutes in Multicomponent Aqueous Aerosols. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:751-764. [PMID: 36639126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c07419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The surface-bulk partitioning of small saccharide and amide molecules in aqueous droplets was investigated using molecular dynamics. The air-particle interface was modeled using a 80 Å cubic water box containing a series of organic molecules and surrounded by gaseous OH radicals. The properties of the organic solutes within the interface and the water bulk were examined at a molecular level using density profiles and radial pair distribution functions. Molecules containing only polar functional groups such as urea and glucose are found predominantly in the water bulk, forming an exclusion layer near the water surface. Substitution of a single polar group by an alkyl group in sugars and amides leads to the migration of the molecule toward the interface. Within the first 2 nm from the water surface, surface-active solutes lose their rotational freedom and adopt a preferred orientation with the alkyl group pointing toward the surface. The different packing within the interface leads to different solvation shell structures and enhanced interaction between the organic molecules and absorbed OH radicals. The simulations provide quantitative information about the dimension, composition, and organization of the air-water interface as well as about the nonreactive interaction of the OH radicals with the organic solutes. It suggests that increased concentrations, preferred orientations, and decreased solvation near the air-water surface may lead to differences in reactivities between surface-active and surface-inactive molecules. The results are important to explain how heterogeneous oxidation mechanisms and kinetics within interfaces may differ from those of the bulk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadini Wenyika Masaya
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia26506, United States
| | - Fabien Goulay
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia26506, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wan Z, Fang Y, Liu Z, Francisco JS, Zhu C. Mechanistic Insights into the Reactive Uptake of Chlorine Nitrate at the Air-Water Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:944-952. [PMID: 36595549 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that the aqueous-phase processing of chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) plays a crucial role in ozone depletion. However, many of the physical and chemical properties of ClONO2 at the air-water interface or in bulk water are unknown or not understood on a microscopic scale. Here, the solvation and hydrolysis of ClONO2 at the air-water interface and in bulk water at 300 K were investigated by classical and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations combined with free energy methods. Our results revealed that ClONO2 prefers to accumulate at the air-water interface rather than in the bulk phase. Specifically, halogen bonding interactions (ClONO2)Cl···O(H2O) were found to be the predominant interactions between ClONO2 and H2O. Moreover, metadynamics-biased AIMD simulations revealed that ClONO2 hydrolysis is catalyzed at the air-water interface with an activation barrier of only ∼0.2 kcal/mol; additionally, the difference in free energy between the product and reactant is only ∼0.1 kcal/mol. Surprisingly, the near-barrierless reaction and the comparable free energies of the reactant and product suggested that the ClONO2 hydrolysis at the air-water interface is reversible. When the temperature is lowered from 300 to 200 K, the activation barrier for the ClONO2 hydrolysis at the air-water interface is increased to ∼5.4 kcal/mol. These findings have important implications for the interpretation of experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Wan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Yeguang Fang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States.,Department of Earth & Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100190, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Holden DT, Morato NM, Cooks RG. Aqueous microdroplets enable abiotic synthesis and chain extension of unique peptide isomers from free amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2212642119. [PMID: 36191178 PMCID: PMC9586328 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212642119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amide bond formation, the essential condensation reaction underlying peptide synthesis, is hindered in aqueous systems by the thermodynamic constraints associated with dehydration. This represents a key difficulty for the widely held view that prebiotic chemical evolution leading to the formation of the first biomolecules occurred in an oceanic environment. Recent evidence for the acceleration of chemical reactions at droplet interfaces led us to explore aqueous amino acid droplet chemistry. We report the formation of dipeptide isomer ions from free glycine or L-alanine at the air-water interface of aqueous microdroplets emanating from a single spray source (with or without applied potential) during their flight toward the inlet of a mass spectrometer. The proposed isomeric dipeptide ion is an oxazolidinone that takes fully covalent and ion-neutral complex forms. This structure is consistent with observed fragmentation patterns and its conversion to authentic dipeptide ions upon gentle collisions and for its formation from authentic dipeptides at ultra-low concentrations. It also rationalizes the results of droplet fusion experiments that show that the dipeptide isomer facilitates additional amide bond formation events, yielding authentic tri- through hexapeptides. We propose that the interface of aqueous microdroplets serves as a drying surface that shifts the equilibrium between free amino acids in favor of dehydration via stabilization of the dipeptide isomers. These findings offer a possible solution to the water paradox of biopolymer synthesis in prebiotic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan T. Holden
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Nicolás M. Morato
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He J, Zhang H, Wang W, Ma Y, Yang M, He Y, Liu Z, Yu K, Jiang J. Probing autoxidation of oleic acid at air-water interface: A neglected and significant pathway for secondary organic aerosols formation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113232. [PMID: 35398317 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids have been proposed to be a potential source of precursors for SOAs, but the autoxidation process was neglected in the oxidation studies. Here, the autoxidation of oleic acid was explored using microdroplet mass spectrometry. Bulk solution, concentration and solvent composition experiments provided direct evidences for that the autoxidation occurred at or near the air-water interface. The kinetic data showed an acceleration at this interface and was comparable to ozonation, indicating that autoxidation is an important pathway for SOAs formation. In addition, intermediates/products were captured and identified using tandem mass spectrometry, spin-trapping and quenched agents. The autoxidation mechanism was divided into addition intermediates (AIs) and Criegee intermediates (CIs) pathways mediated by hydroxyl radicals (OH). The CI chemistry which is ubiquitous in gas phase was observed at the air-water interface, and this leaded to the mass/volume loss of aerosols. Inversely, the AI chemistry caused the increase of mass, density and hygroscopicity of aerosols. AI chemistry was dominated compared to CI chemistry, but varied by concerning aerosol sizes, ultraviolet light (UV) and charge. Moreover, the MS approach of selectively probing the interfacial substances at the scale of sub-seconds opens new opportunities to study heterogeneous chemistry in atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China.
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China
| | - Yingxue Ma
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China
| | - Miao Yang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China
| | - Yuwei He
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Qian Y, Brown JB, Huang-Fu ZC, Zhang T, Wang H, Wang S, Dadap JI, Rao Y. In situ analysis of the bulk and surface chemical compositions of organic aerosol particles. Commun Chem 2022; 5:58. [PMID: 36698010 PMCID: PMC9814772 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the chemical and physical properties of particles is an important scientific, engineering, and medical issue that is crucial to air quality, human health, and environmental chemistry. Of special interest are aerosol particles floating in the air for both indoor virus transmission and outdoor atmospheric chemistry. The growth of bio- and organic-aerosol particles in the air is intimately correlated with chemical structures and their reactions in the gas phase at aerosol particle surfaces and in-particle phases. However, direct measurements of chemical structures at aerosol particle surfaces in the air are lacking. Here we demonstrate in situ surface-specific vibrational sum frequency scattering (VSFS) to directly identify chemical structures of molecules at aerosol particle surfaces. Furthermore, our setup allows us to simultaneously probe hyper-Raman scattering (HRS) spectra in the particle phase. We examined polarized VSFS spectra of propionic acid at aerosol particle surfaces and in particle bulk. More importantly, the surface adsorption free energy of propionic acid onto aerosol particles was found to be less negative than that at the air/water interface. These results challenge the long-standing hypothesis that molecular behaviors at the air/water interface are the same as those at aerosol particle surfaces. Our approach opens a new avenue in revealing surface compositions and chemical aging in the formation of secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere as well as chemical analysis of indoor and outdoor viral aerosol particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Qian
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA
| | - Jesse B. Brown
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA
| | - Zhi-Chao Huang-Fu
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA
| | - Hui Wang
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - ShanYi Wang
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA ,grid.470930.90000 0001 2182 2351Department of Physics and Astronomy, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Jerry I. Dadap
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Yi Rao
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322 USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu Q, Wang Z, Abe M. Impacts of Solvent and Alkyl Chain Length on the Lifetime of Singlet Cyclopentane-1,3-diyl Diradicaloids with π-Single Bonding. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1858-1866. [PMID: 35001629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The singlet 2,2-dialkoxycyclopentane-1,3-diyl diradicaloids are not only the important key intermediates in the process of bond homolysis but are also attracting attention as π-single bonding compounds. In the present study, the effects of solvent viscosity η (0.24-125.4 mPa s) and polarity π* (-0.11 to 1.00 kcal mol-1) on the reactivity of localized singlet diradicaloids were thoroughly investigated using 18 different solvents including binary mixed solvent systems containing ionic liquids. In low-η solvents (η < 1 mPa s), the lifetimes of singlet diradicaloids, which are determined by the rate constant for the isomerization of π-single-bonded singlet diradicaloids to the σ-bonded isomer, were substantially dependent on π*. Slower isomerization was observed in more polar solvents. In high-η solvents (η > 2 mPa s), the rate of isomerization was largely influenced by η in addition to π*. Slower isomerization was observed in more viscous solvents. Experimental results demonstrated the crucial roles of both solvent polarity and viscosity in the reactivity of singlet diradicaloids and thus clarified the characters of singlet diradicaloids and molecular motions during the chemical transformation. The dynamic solvent effect was further proved by a long alkyl chain introduced at a remote position of the reaction site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dedovets D, Li Q, Leclercq L, Nardello‐Rataj V, Leng J, Zhao S, Pera‐Titus M. Multiphase Microreactors Based on Liquid-Liquid and Gas-Liquid Dispersions Stabilized by Colloidal Catalytic Particles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202107537. [PMID: 34528366 PMCID: PMC9293096 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pickering emulsions, foams, bubbles, and marbles are dispersions of two immiscible liquids or of a liquid and a gas stabilized by surface-active colloidal particles. These systems can be used for engineering liquid-liquid-solid and gas-liquid-solid microreactors for multiphase reactions. They constitute original platforms for reengineering multiphase reactors towards a higher degree of sustainability. This Review provides a systematic overview on the recent progress of liquid-liquid and gas-liquid dispersions stabilized by solid particles as microreactors for engineering eco-efficient reactions, with emphasis on biobased reagents. Physicochemical driving parameters, challenges, and strategies to (de)stabilize dispersions for product recovery/catalyst recycling are discussed. Advanced concepts such as cascade and continuous flow reactions, compartmentalization of incompatible reagents, and multiscale computational methods for accelerating particle discovery are also addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Dedovets
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L)UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone201108ShanghaiChina
- Laboratoire du Futur (LOF)UMR 5258, CNRS-Solvay-Universite Bordeaux 1178 Av Dr Albert Schweitzer33608Pessac CedexFrance
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L)UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone201108ShanghaiChina
| | - Loïc Leclercq
- Univ LilleCNRSCentrale LilleUniv ArtoisUMR 8181 UCCSF-59000LilleFrance
| | | | - Jacques Leng
- Laboratoire du Futur (LOF)UMR 5258, CNRS-Solvay-Universite Bordeaux 1178 Av Dr Albert Schweitzer33608Pessac CedexFrance
| | - Shuangliang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi University530004NanningChina
| | - Marc Pera‐Titus
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L)UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone201108ShanghaiChina
- Cardiff Catalysis InstituteSchool of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dedovets D, Li Q, Leclercq L, Nardello‐Rataj V, Leng J, Zhao S, Pera‐Titus M. Multiphase Microreactors Based on Liquid–Liquid and Gas–Liquid Dispersions Stabilized by Colloidal Catalytic Particles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Dedovets
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone 201108 Shanghai China
- Laboratoire du Futur (LOF) UMR 5258, CNRS-Solvay-Universite Bordeaux 1 178 Av Dr Albert Schweitzer 33608 Pessac Cedex France
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone 201108 Shanghai China
| | - Loïc Leclercq
- Univ Lille CNRS Centrale Lille Univ Artois UMR 8181 UCCS F-59000 Lille France
| | | | - Jacques Leng
- Laboratoire du Futur (LOF) UMR 5258, CNRS-Solvay-Universite Bordeaux 1 178 Av Dr Albert Schweitzer 33608 Pessac Cedex France
| | - Shuangliang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University 530004 Nanning China
| | - Marc Pera‐Titus
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone 201108 Shanghai China
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ju Y, Zhang H, Wang W, Liu Q, Yu K, Kan G, Liu L, Jiang J. Aqueous-Microdroplet-Driven Abiotic Synthesis of Ribonucleotides. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:567-573. [PMID: 35014840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation for ribonucleotide formation is a critical step in the origin of life but has had limited success due to the thermodynamic and kinetic constraints in aqueous media. Here, we report that the production of ribonucleotides from ribonucleosides in the presence of monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) spontaneously proceeded in aqueous microdroplets under ambient conditions and without using a catalyst. A full set of ribonucleotides including adenosine monophosphate (AMP), guanosine monophosphate (GMP), uridine monophosphate (UMP), and cytidine monophosphate (CMP) were generated on the scale of a few milliseconds. The aqueous microdroplets could transfer the ribonucleotides to oligoribonucleotides and showed mutual compatibility for individual phosphorylation. Conditions established the dependence of the conversion ratio on the droplet size and suggested that the condensation reactions occurred at or near the microdroplets' surface. This aqueous microdroplet approach also provides a route for elucidating phosphorylation chemistry in the prebiotic era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ju
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Qianhui Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Guangfeng Kan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang W, Qiao L, He J, Ju Y, Yu K, Kan G, Guo C, Zhang H, Jiang J. Water Microdroplets Allow Spontaneously Abiotic Production of Peptides. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5774-5780. [PMID: 34134488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of abiotic synthesis of peptides in the context of their prebiotic origins is a continuing challenge that arises from thermodynamic and kinetic constraints in aqueous media. Here we reported a strategy of microdroplets' mass spectrometry for peptide bonds formed from pure amino acids or a mixture in the presence of phosphoric acids in aqueous microdroplets. In contrast to bulk experiments, the condensation reactions proceed spontaneously under ambient conditions. The microdroplet gave a negative free-energy change (ΔG ∼ -1.1 kcal/mol), and product yields of ∼75% were obtained at the scale of a few milliseconds. Experiments in which nebulization gas pressure and external charge were varied established dependence of peptide production on the droplet size that has a high surface-to-volume ratio. It is concluded that the condensation reactions occurred at or near the air-water interfaces of microdroplets. This aqueous microdroplets approach also provides a route for chemistry synthesis in the prebiotic era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Lina Qiao
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Yun Ju
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Guangfeng Kan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Changlu Guo
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang W, Zhong J, Shi Q, Gao L, Ji Y, Li G, An T, Francisco JS. Mechanism for Rapid Conversion of Amines to Ammonium Salts at the Air–Particle Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 143:1171-1178. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weina Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6316, United States
| | - Qiuju Shi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuemeng Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6316, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gladich I, Abotaleb A, Sinopoli A. Tuning CO 2 Capture at the Gas/Amine Solution Interface by Changing the Solvent Polarity. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10245-10256. [PMID: 33140965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide scrubbing by aqueous amine solution is considered as a promising technology for post-combustion CO2 capture, while mitigating climate change. The lack of physicochemical details for this process, especially at the interface between the gas and the condensed phase, limits our capability in designing novel and more cost-effective scrubbing systems. Here, we present classical and first-principles molecular dynamics results on CO2 capture at the gas/amine solution interfaces using solvents of different polarities. Even if it is apolar, carbon dioxide is absorbed at the gas/monoethanolamine (MEA) aqueous solution interface, forming stable and interfacial [CO2·MEA] complexes, which are the first reaction intermediate toward the chemical conversion of CO2 to carbamate ions. We report that the stability of the interfacial [CO2·MEA] precomplex depends on the nature and polarity of the solution, as well as on the conformer population of MEA. By changing the polarity of the solvent, using chloroform, we observed a shift in the interfacial MEA population toward conformers that form more stable [CO2·MEA] complexes and, at the same time, a further stabilization of the complex induced by the solvent environment. Thus, while lowering the polarity of the solvent could decrease the solubility of MEA, at the same time, it favors conformers that are more prone to CO2 capture and mineralization. The results presented here offer a theoretical framework that helps in designing novel and more cost-effective solvents for CO2 scrubbing systems, while shedding further light on the intrinsic reaction mechanisms of interfacial environments in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Gladich
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Abotaleb
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alessandro Sinopoli
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qian Y, Deng GH, Rao Y. In Situ Spectroscopic Probing of Polarity and Molecular Configuration at Aerosol Particle Surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:6763-6771. [PMID: 32787224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The growth of aerosol particles in the atmosphere is related to chemical reactions in the gas and particle phases and at aerosol particle surfaces. While research regarding the gas and particle phases of aerosols is well-documented, physical properties and chemical reactivities at aerosol particle surfaces have not been studied extensively but have long been recognized. In particular, in situ measurements of aerosol particle surfaces are just emerging. The main reason is a lack of suitable surface-specific analytical techniques for direct measurements of aerosol particles under ambient conditions. Here we develop in situ surface-specific electronic sum frequency scattering (ESFS) to directly identify spectroscopic behaviors of molecules at aerosol particle surfaces. As an example, we applied an ESFS probe, malachite green (MG). We examined electronic spectra of MG at aerosol particle surfaces and found that the polarity of the surfaces is less polar than that in bulk. Our quantitative orientational analysis shows that MG is orientated with a polar angle of 25°-35° at the spherical particle surfaces of aerosols. The adsorption free energy of MG at the aerosol surfaces was found to be -20.75 ± 0.32 kJ/mol, which is much lower than that at the air/water interface. These results provide new insights into aerosol particle surfaces for further understanding the formation of secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Gang-Hua Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Yi Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gladich I, Carignano MA, Francisco JS. Adsorption and isomerization of glyoxal and methylglyoxal at the air/hydroxylated silica surface. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:164702. [PMID: 32357765 DOI: 10.1063/1.5143402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present results from molecular dynamics simulations coupled with enhanced sampling techniques on the adsorption and isomerization of glyoxal (GL) and methylglyoxal (MG) at the air/hydroxylated silica (α-Quartz) interface. GL and MG are two organic compounds present in the atmosphere as oxidation products of both biogenic and anthropogenic precursors. By adsorption and hydration on liquid droplets or wetted dust particles, they can enable aerosol growth in the atmosphere. Moreover, thanks to the different polar characters of their trans and cis conformers, GL and MG have been suggested as possible molecular switches capable of responding to changes in solvent polarity. Here, we show that the hydroxylated silica surface does not significantly catalyze the trans-to-cis isomerization, but it stabilizes the cis-isomers, indicating a higher interfacial cis/trans relative concentration compared to the gas phase. Moreover, adsorbed GL prefers to lie parallel on the silica surface, while adsorbed MG shows a tilted orientation. In particular, we report the aldehyde group pointing upward (downward) to the gas phase (to the silica surface) in trans-MG (cis-MG). These results will help in the rationalization of upcoming experimental and modeling work on the adsorption of ketonic compounds on dust aerosols, while it clarifies the catalytic role of the solid substrate surface in promoting conformational changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Gladich
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marcelo A Carignano
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|