1
|
Jiao T, Chen Y, Sun H, Yang L. Targeting ferroptosis as a potential prevention and treatment strategy for aging-related diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107370. [PMID: 39181344 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an emerging paradigm of programmed cellular necrosis posited in recent years, manifests across a spectrum of maladies with profound implications for human well-being. Numerous investigations substantiate that modulating ferroptosis, whether through inhibition or augmentation, plays a pivotal role in the etiology and control of numerous age-related afflictions, encompassing neurological, circulatory, respiratory, and other disorders. This paper not only summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, but also discusses the impact of ferroptosis on the biological processes of aging and its role in age-related diseases. Furthermore, it scrutinizes recent therapeutic strides in addressing aging-related conditions through the modulation of ferroptosis. The paper consolidates the existing knowledge on potential applications of ferroptosis-related pharmacotherapies and envisages the translational prospects of ferroptosis-targeted interventions in clinical paradigms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwei Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Yiman Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China; Department of International Physical Examination Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma LF, Xu LL, Yuan LJ, Yang X, Wu R, Bao SM, Chen YL, Duan HL, Fang L, Zhao HJ, Zhan ZJ. Discovery of NO Donor-Aurovertin Hybrids as Dual Ferroptosis and Apoptosis Inducers for Treating Triple Negative Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2024; 67:13089-13105. [PMID: 39044437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly lethal malignancy, and its clinical management encounters severe challenges due to its high metastatic propensity and the absence of effective therapeutic targets. To improve druggability of aurovertin B (AVB), a natural polyketide with a significant antiproliferative effect on TNBC, a series of NO donor/AVB hybrids were synthesized and tested for bioactivities. Among them, compound 4d significantly inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of TNBC in vitro and in vivo with better safety than that of AVB. The structure-activity relationship analysis suggested that the types of NO donor and the linkers had considerable effects on the activities. Mechanistic investigations unveiled that 4d induced apoptosis and ferroptosis by the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and the down-regulation of GPX4, respectively. The antimetastatic effect of 4d was associated with the upregulation of DUSP1. Overall, these compelling results underscore the tremendous potential of 4d for treating TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lie-Feng Ma
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Li Li Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Jie Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Min Bao
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Li Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Duan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, P. R. China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Jun Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, P. R. China
| | - Zha-Jun Zhan
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li B, Cheng K, Wang T, Peng X, Xu P, Liu G, Xue D, Jiao N, Wang C. Research progress on GPX4 targeted compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 274:116548. [PMID: 38838547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Blocking the System Xc-_ GSH_GPX4 pathway to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells is a novel strategy for cancer treatment. GPX4 serves as the core of the System Xc-/GSH/GPX4 pathway and is a predominant target for inducing ferroptosis in tumor cells. This article summarizes compounds identified in current research that directly target the GPX4 protein, including inhibitors, activators, small molecule degraders, chimeric degraders, and the application of combination therapies with other drugs, aiming to promote further research on the target and related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Keguang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State/Ministry of Education of China Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Tzumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Peng
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
An X, Yu W, Liu J, Tang D, Yang L, Chen X. Oxidative cell death in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:556. [PMID: 39090114 PMCID: PMC11294602 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive oxygen-containing molecules generated as natural byproducts during cellular processes, including metabolism. Under normal conditions, ROS play crucial roles in diverse cellular functions, including cell signaling and immune responses. However, a disturbance in the balance between ROS production and cellular antioxidant defenses can lead to an excessive ROS buildup, causing oxidative stress. This stress damages essential cellular components, including lipids, proteins, and DNA, potentially culminating in oxidative cell death. This form of cell death can take various forms, such as ferroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, paraptosis, parthanatos, and oxeiptosis, each displaying distinct genetic, biochemical, and signaling characteristics. The investigation of oxidative cell death holds promise for the development of pharmacological agents that are used to prevent tumorigenesis or treat established cancer. Specifically, targeting key antioxidant proteins, such as SLC7A11, GCLC, GPX4, TXN, and TXNRD, represents an emerging approach for inducing oxidative cell death in cancer cells. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress, opportunities, and challenges in targeting oxidative cell death for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin An
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu J, Tang D, Kang R. Targeting GPX4 in ferroptosis and cancer: chemical strategies and challenges. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:666-670. [PMID: 38866667 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) serves as a crucial suppressor of oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis, making it an attractive target for disease therapy. Here, we discuss recent strategies and challenges associated with targeting GPX4 through covalent inhibitors, proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) degraders, and cell-type-specific degraders in the context of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ning Y, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Fan X, Wang J, Qian H, Qiu X, Wang Y. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of RSL3-based GPX4 degraders with hydrophobic tags. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116719. [PMID: 39094276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, during which glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) plays an essential role and is well-recognized as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Although some GPX4 degradation molecules have been developed to induce ferroptosis, the discovery of GPX4 degraders with hydrophobic tagging (HyT) as an innovative approach is more challenging. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of HyT degraders by linking the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 with a hydrophobic and bulky group of adamantane. Among them, compound R8 is a potent degrader (DC50, 24h = 0.019 μM) which can effectively degrade GPX4 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, compound R8 exhibited superior in vitro antitumor potency against HT1080 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with IC50 values of 24 nM and 32 nM respectively, which are 4 times more potent than parental compound RSL3. Mechanistic investigation evidenced that R8 consumes GPX4 protein mainly through the ubiquitin proteasome (UPS) and enables to induce the accumulation of LPO, thereby triggering ferroptosis. Our work presented the novel GPX4 degrader of R8 by HyT strategy, and provided a promising pathway of degradation agents for the treatment of ferroptosis relevant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ning
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Zeqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Xuejing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Huimei Qian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Xue Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Golla K, Yasgar A, Manjuprasanna VN, Naik MU, Baljinnyam B, Zakharov AV, Jain S, Rai G, Jadhav A, Simeonov A, Naik UP. Small-Molecule Disruptors of the Interaction between Calcium- and Integrin-Binding Protein 1 and Integrin α IIbβ 3 as Novel Antiplatelet Agents. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1971-1982. [PMID: 39022362 PMCID: PMC11249646 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Thrombosis, a key factor in most cardiovascular diseases, is a major contributor to human mortality. Existing antithrombotic agents carry a risk of bleeding. Consequently, there is a keen interest in discovering innovative antithrombotic agents that can prevent thrombosis without negatively impacting hemostasis. Platelets play crucial roles in both hemostasis and thrombosis. We have previously characterized calcium- and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1) as a key regulatory molecule that regulates platelet function. CIB1 interacts with several platelet proteins including integrin αIIbβ3, the major glycoprotein receptor for fibrinogen on platelets. Given that CIB1 regulates platelet function through its interaction with αIIbβ3, we developed a fluorescence polarization (FP) assay to screen for potential inhibitors. The assay was miniaturized to 1536-well and screened in quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) format against a diverse compound library of 14,782 compounds. After validation and selectivity testing using the FP assay, we identified 19 candidate inhibitors and validated them using an in-gel binding assay that monitors the interaction of CIB1 with αIIb cytoplasmic tail peptide, followed by testing of top hits by intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence (ITF) and microscale thermophoresis (MST) to ascertain their interaction with CIB1. Two of the validated hits shared similar chemical structures, suggesting a common mechanism of action. Docking studies further revealed promising interactions within the hydrophobic binding pocket of the target protein, particularly forming key hydrogen bonds with Ser180. The compounds exhibited a potent antiplatelet activity based on their inhibition of thrombin-induced human platelet aggregation, thus indicating that disruptors of the CIB1- αIIbβ3 interaction could carry a translational potential as antithrombotic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Golla
- Cardeza
Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation
for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Adam Yasgar
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Voddarahally N. Manjuprasanna
- Cardeza
Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation
for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Meghna U. Naik
- Cardeza
Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation
for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Bolormaa Baljinnyam
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Alexey V. Zakharov
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Sankalp Jain
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Ganesha Rai
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Ulhas P. Naik
- Cardeza
Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation
for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nakamura T, Conrad M. Exploiting ferroptosis vulnerabilities in cancer. Nat Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41556-024-01425-8. [PMID: 38858502 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a distinct lipid peroxidation-dependent form of necrotic cell death. This process has been increasingly contemplated as a new target for cancer therapy because of an intrinsic or acquired ferroptosis vulnerability in difficult-to-treat cancers and tumour microenvironments. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie ferroptosis and highlight available tools for the modulation of ferroptosis sensitivity in cancer cells and communication with immune cells within the tumour microenvironment. We further discuss how these new insights into ferroptosis-activating pathways can become new armouries in the fight against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshitaka Nakamura
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Molecular Targets & Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Molecular Targets & Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen F, Kang R, Tang D, Liu J. Ferroptosis: principles and significance in health and disease. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:41. [PMID: 38844964 PMCID: PMC11157757 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, is governed by molecular networks involving diverse molecules and organelles. Since its recognition as a non-apoptotic cell death pathway in 2012, ferroptosis has emerged as a crucial mechanism in numerous physiological and pathological contexts, leading to significant therapeutic advancements across a wide range of diseases. This review summarizes the fundamental molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways underlying ferroptosis, including both GPX4-dependent and -independent antioxidant mechanisms. Additionally, we examine the involvement of ferroptosis in various pathological conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic disorders. Specifically, we explore the role of ferroptosis in response to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, nanotherapy, and targeted therapy. Furthermore, we discuss pharmacological strategies for modulating ferroptosis and potential biomarkers for monitoring this process. Lastly, we elucidate the interplay between ferroptosis and other forms of regulated cell death. Such insights hold promise for advancing our understanding of ferroptosis in the context of human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangquan Chen
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA.
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hillebrand L, Liang XJ, Serafim RAM, Gehringer M. Emerging and Re-emerging Warheads for Targeted Covalent Inhibitors: An Update. J Med Chem 2024; 67:7668-7758. [PMID: 38711345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Covalent inhibitors and other types of covalent modalities have seen a revival in the past two decades, with a variety of new targeted covalent drugs having been approved in recent years. A key feature of such molecules is an intrinsically reactive group, typically a weak electrophile, which enables the irreversible or reversible formation of a covalent bond with a specific amino acid of the target protein. This reactive group, often called the "warhead", is a critical determinant of the ligand's activity, selectivity, and general biological properties. In 2019, we summarized emerging and re-emerging warhead chemistries to target cysteine and other amino acids (Gehringer, M.; Laufer, S. A. J. Med. Chem. 2019, 62, 5673-5724; DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01153). Since then, the field has rapidly evolved. Here we discuss the progress on covalent warheads made since our last Perspective and their application in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hillebrand
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xiaojun Julia Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ricardo A M Serafim
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehringer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu C, Wang G, Han W, Tian Q, Li M. Ferroptosis: a potential therapeutic target for stroke. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:988-997. [PMID: 37862200 PMCID: PMC10749612 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by massive iron accumulation and iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, differing from apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy in several aspects. Ferroptosis is regarded as a critical mechanism of a series of pathophysiological reactions after stroke because of iron overload caused by hemoglobin degradation and iron metabolism imbalance. In this review, we discuss ferroptosis-related metabolisms, important molecules directly or indirectly targeting iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation, and transcriptional regulation of ferroptosis, revealing the role of ferroptosis in the progression of stroke. We present updated progress in the intervention of ferroptosis as therapeutic strategies for stroke in vivo and in vitro and summarize the effects of ferroptosis inhibitors on stroke. Our review facilitates further understanding of ferroptosis pathogenesis in stroke, proposes new targets for the treatment of stroke, and suggests that more efforts should be made to investigate the mechanism of ferroptosis in stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengli Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guijun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenrui Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cao PHA, Dominic A, Lujan FE, Senthilkumar S, Bhattacharya PK, Frigo DE, Subramani E. Unlocking ferroptosis in prostate cancer - the road to novel therapies and imaging markers. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00869-9. [PMID: 38627553 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a distinct form of regulated cell death that is predominantly driven by the build-up of intracellular iron and lipid peroxides. Ferroptosis suppression is widely accepted to contribute to the pathogenesis of several tumours including prostate cancer. Results from some studies reported that prostate cancer cells can be highly susceptible to ferroptosis inducers, providing potential for an interesting new avenue of therapeutic intervention for advanced prostate cancer. In this Perspective, we describe novel molecular underpinnings and metabolic drivers of ferroptosis, analyse the functions and mechanisms of ferroptosis in tumours, and highlight prostate cancer-specific susceptibilities to ferroptosis by connecting ferroptosis pathways to the distinctive metabolic reprogramming of prostate cancer cells. Leveraging these novel mechanistic insights could provide innovative therapeutic opportunities in which ferroptosis induction augments the efficacy of currently available prostate cancer treatment regimens, pending the elimination of major bottlenecks for the clinical translation of these treatment combinations, such as the development of clinical-grade inhibitors of the anti-ferroptotic enzymes as well as non-invasive biomarkers of ferroptosis. These biomarkers could be exploited for diagnostic imaging and treatment decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Hong Anh Cao
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abishai Dominic
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fabiola Ester Lujan
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanjanaa Senthilkumar
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pratip K Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signalling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Elavarasan Subramani
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liang T, Dong H, Wang Z, Lu L, Song X, Qi J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Du G. Discovery of novel urea derivatives as ferroptosis and autophagy inducer for human colon cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 268:116277. [PMID: 38422700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
A series of novel urea derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against HT-29 cells, and structure-activity relationships (SAR) were summarized. Compound 10p stood out from these derivatives, exhibiting the most potent antiproliferative activity. Further biological studies demonstrated that 10p arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase via regulating cell cycle-related proteins CDK1 and Cyclin B1. The underlying molecular mechanisms demonstrated that 10p induced cell death through ferroptosis and autophagy, but not apoptosis. Moreover, 10p-induced ferroptosis and autophagy were both related with accumulation of ROS, but they were independent of each other. Our findings substantiated that 10p combines ferroptosis induction and autophagy trigger in single molecule, making it a potential candidate for colon cancer treatment and is worth further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Haiyang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Xueting Song
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Jianguo Qi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yahong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China; Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune-Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao Z, Laps S, Gichtin JS, Metanis N. Selenium chemistry for spatio-selective peptide and protein functionalization. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:211-229. [PMID: 38388838 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00579-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The ability to construct a peptide or protein in a spatio-specific manner is of great interest for therapeutic and biochemical research. However, the various functional groups present in peptide sequences and the need to perform chemistry under mild and aqueous conditions make selective protein functionalization one of the greatest synthetic challenges. The fascinating paradox of selenium (Se) - being found in both toxic compounds and also harnessed by nature for essential biochemical processes - has inspired the recent exploration of selenium chemistry for site-selective functionalization of peptides and proteins. In this Review, we discuss such approaches, including metal-free and metal-catalysed transformations, as well as traceless chemical modifications. We report their advantages, limitations and applications, as well as future research avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shay Laps
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob S Gichtin
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dar NJ, John U, Bano N, Khan S, Bhat SA. Oxytosis/Ferroptosis in Neurodegeneration: the Underlying Role of Master Regulator Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1507-1526. [PMID: 37725216 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxytosis/ferroptosis is an iron-dependent oxidative form of cell death triggered by lethal accumulation of phospholipid hydroperoxides (PLOOHs) in membranes. Failure of the intricate PLOOH repair system is a principle cause of ferroptotic cell death. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is distinctly vital for converting PLOOHs in membranes to non-toxic alcohols. As such, GPX4 is known as the master regulator of oxytosis/ferroptosis. Ferroptosis has been implicated in a number of disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), etc.), ischemia/reperfusion injury, and kidney degeneration. Reduced function of GPX4 is frequently observed in degenerative disorders. In this study, we examine how diminished GPX4 function may be a critical event in triggering oxytosis/ferroptosis to perpetuate or initiate the neurodegenerative diseases and assess the possible therapeutic importance of oxytosis/ferroptosis in neurodegenerative disorders. These discoveries are important for advancing our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases because oxytosis/ferroptosis may provide a new target to slow the course of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nawab John Dar
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| | - Urmilla John
- School of Studies in Neuroscience, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
- School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India
| | - Nargis Bano
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India
| | - Sameera Khan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India
| | - Shahnawaz Ali Bhat
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Borges PHO, Ferreira SB, Silva FP. Recent Advances on Targeting Proteases for Antiviral Development. Viruses 2024; 16:366. [PMID: 38543732 PMCID: PMC10976044 DOI: 10.3390/v16030366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral proteases are an important target for drug development, since they can modulate vital pathways in viral replication, maturation, assembly and cell entry. With the (re)appearance of several new viruses responsible for causing diseases in humans, like the West Nile virus (WNV) and the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), understanding the mechanisms behind blocking viral protease's function is pivotal for the development of new antiviral drugs and therapeutical strategies. Apart from directly inhibiting the target protease, usually by targeting its active site, several new pathways have been explored to impair its activity, such as inducing protein aggregation, targeting allosteric sites or by inducing protein degradation by cellular proteasomes, which can be extremely valuable when considering the emerging drug-resistant strains. In this review, we aim to discuss the recent advances on a broad range of viral proteases inhibitors, therapies and molecular approaches for protein inactivation or degradation, giving an insight on different possible strategies against this important class of antiviral target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Oliveira Borges
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Biological Prospecting, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Baptista Ferreira
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Biological Prospecting, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil;
| | - Floriano Paes Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Drugs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chhillar B, Kadian R, Kumar M, Yadav M, Sodhi N, Xavier da Silva TN, Friedmann Angeli JP, Singh VP. Aminic Organoselenium Compounds as Glutathione Peroxidase Mimics and Inhibitors of Ferroptosis. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400074. [PMID: 38293899 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of diarylamine-based organoselenium compounds via the nucleophilic substitution reactions has been described. Symmetrical monoselenides and diselenides were conveniently synthesized by the reduction of their corresponding selenocyanates using sodium borohydride. Selenocyanates were obtained from 2-chloro acetamides by the nucleophilic displacement with potassium selenocyanate. Selenides were synthesized by treating the 2-chloro acetamides with in situ generated sodium butyl selenolate as nucleophile. Further, the newly synthesized organoselenium compounds were evaluated for their glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity in thiophenol assay. This study revealed that the methoxy-substituted organoselenium compounds showed significant effect on the GPx-like activity. The catalytic parameters for the most efficient catalysts were also determined. The anti-ferroptotic activity for all GPx-mimics evaluated in a 4-OH-tamoxifen (TAM) inducible GPx4 knockout cell line using liproxstatin as standard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babli Chhillar
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Rajni Kadian
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Manisha Yadav
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Nikhil Sodhi
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Thamara Nishida Xavier da Silva
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum, Centre for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximillian, University of Wurzburg, 97080, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Jose Pedro Friedmann Angeli
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum, Centre for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximillian, University of Wurzburg, 97080, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Vijay P Singh
- Department of Chemistry & Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tang Z, Li J, Peng L, Xu F, Tan Y, He X, Zhu C, Zhang ZM, Zhang Z, Sun P, Ding K, Li Z. Novel Covalent Probe Selectively Targeting Glutathione Peroxidase 4 In Vivo: Potential Applications in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1872-1887. [PMID: 38265413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) emerges as a promising target for the treatment of therapy-resistant cancer through ferroptosis. Thus, there is a broad interest in the development of GPX4 inhibitors. However, a majority of reported GPX4 inhibitors utilize chloroacetamide as a reactive electrophilic warhead, and the selectivity and pharmacokinetic properties still need to be improved. Herein, we developed a compound library based on a novel electrophilic warhead, the sulfonyl ynamide, and executed phenotypic screening against pancreatic cancer cell lines. Notably, one compound A16 exhibiting potent cell toxicity was identified. Further chemical proteomics investigations have demonstrated that A16 specifically targets GPX4 under both in situ and in vivo conditions, inducing ferroptosis. Importantly, A16 exhibited superior selectivity and potency compared to reported GPX4 inhibitors, ML210 and ML162. This provides the structural diversity of tool probes for unraveling the fundamental biology of GPX4 and exploring the therapeutic potential of pancreatic cancer via ferroptosis induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lijie Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoqiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pinghua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ke Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhengqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ko MJ, Min S, Hong H, Yoo W, Joo J, Zhang YS, Kang H, Kim DH. Magnetic nanoparticles for ferroptosis cancer therapy with diagnostic imaging. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:66-97. [PMID: 37822917 PMCID: PMC10562133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis offers a novel method for overcoming therapeutic resistance of cancers to conventional cancer treatment regimens. Its effective use as a cancer therapy requires a precisely targeted approach, which can be facilitated by using nanoparticles and nanomedicine, and their use to enhance ferroptosis is indeed a growing area of research. While a few review papers have been published on iron-dependent mechanism and inducers of ferroptosis cancer therapy that partly covers ferroptosis nanoparticles, there is a need for a comprehensive review focusing on the design of magnetic nanoparticles that can typically supply iron ions to promote ferroptosis and simultaneously enable targeted ferroptosis cancer nanomedicine. Furthermore, magnetic nanoparticles can locally induce ferroptosis and combinational ferroptosis with diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The use of remotely controllable magnetic nanocarriers can offer highly effective localized image-guided ferroptosis cancer nanomedicine. Here, recent developments in magnetically manipulable nanocarriers for ferroptosis cancer nanomedicine with medical imaging are summarized. This review also highlights the advantages of current state-of-the-art image-guided ferroptosis cancer nanomedicine. Finally, image guided combinational ferroptosis cancer therapy with conventional apoptosis-based therapy that enables synergistic tumor therapy is discussed for clinical translations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jun Ko
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sunhong Min
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojung Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinmyoung Joo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Singh G, Kesharwani P, Kumar Singh G, Kumar S, Putta A, Modi G. Ferroptosis and its modulators: A raising target for cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 98:117564. [PMID: 38171251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The process of ferroptosis, a recently identified form of regulated cell death (RCD) is associated with the overloading of iron species and lipid-derived ROS accumulation. Ferroptosis is induced by various mechanisms such as inhibiting system Xc, glutathione depletion, targeting excess iron, and directly inhibiting GPX4 enzyme. Also, ferroptosis inhibition is achieved by blocking excessive lipid peroxidation by targeting different pathways. These mechanisms are often related to the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's. Fundamentally distinct from other forms of cell death, such as necrosis and apoptosis, ferroptosis differs in terms of biochemistry, functions, and morphology. The mechanism by which ferroptosis acts as a regulatory factor in many diseases remains elusive. Studying the activation and inhibition of ferroptosis as a means to mitigate the progression of various diseases is a highly intriguing and actively researched topic. It has emerged as a focal point in etiological research and treatment strategies. This review systematically summarizes the different mechanisms involved in the inhibition and induction of ferroptosis. We have extensively explored different agents that can induce or inhibit ferroptosis. This review offers current perspectives on recent developments in ferroptosis research, highlighting the disease's etiology and presenting references to enhance its understanding. It also explores new targets for the treatment of cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Gireesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, Central University of South Bihar Gaya, 824236, India
| | - Saroj Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anjaneyulu Putta
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Churchill Haines, Vermillion SD-57069, United States
| | - Gyan Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mehta NV, Degani MS. The expanding repertoire of covalent warheads for drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103799. [PMID: 37839776 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The reactive functionalities of drugs that engage in covalent interactions with the enzyme/receptor residue in either a reversible or an irreversible manner are called 'warheads'. Covalent warheads that were previously neglected because of safety concerns have recently gained center stage as a result of their various advantages over noncovalent drugs, including increased selectivity, increased residence time, and higher potency. With the approval of several covalent inhibitors over the past decade, research in this area has accelerated. Various strategies are being continuously developed to tune the characteristics of warheads to improve their potency and mitigate toxicity. Here, we review research progress in warhead discovery over the past 5 years to provide valuable insights for future drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namrashee V Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Mariam S Degani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang F, Wu J, Yuan M, Yan Z, Liu X, Li W, Zhang Y, Sheng C, Liu N, Huang Z. Novel Nitric Oxide Donor-Azole Conjugation Strategy for Efficient Treatment of Cryptococcus neoformans Infections. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14221-14240. [PMID: 37820326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) such as cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remain a serious health issue worldwide due to drug resistance closely related to biofilm formation. Unfortunately, available antifungal drugs with ideal safety and promising potency are still lacking; thus, the research of new candidate and therapeutic approach is urgently needed. As an important gas messenger molecule, nitric oxide (NO) shows vital inhibition on various microorganism biofilms. Hence, three series of novel NO-donating azole derivatives were designed and synthesized, and the in vitro antifungal activity as well as the mechanism of action was investigated. Among them, 3a and 3e displayed excellent antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and biofilm depending on the release of NO. Moreover, a more stable analogue 3h of 3a demonstrated markedly anti-CM effects via intranasal dropping, avoiding the first-pass effects and possessing a better brain permeability bypass blood-brain barrier. These results present a promising antifungal candidate and intranasal dropping approach for the treatment of CM, warranting further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Wang
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Naval Medical Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Mingke Yuan
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Zhengsheng Yan
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wang Li
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Na Liu
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sun S, Shen J, Jiang J, Wang F, Min J. Targeting ferroptosis opens new avenues for the development of novel therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:372. [PMID: 37735472 PMCID: PMC10514338 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death with distinct characteristics, including altered iron homeostasis, reduced defense against oxidative stress, and abnormal lipid peroxidation. Recent studies have provided compelling evidence supporting the notion that ferroptosis plays a key pathogenic role in many diseases such as various cancer types, neurodegenerative disease, diseases involving tissue and/or organ injury, and inflammatory and infectious diseases. Although the precise regulatory networks that underlie ferroptosis are largely unknown, particularly with respect to the initiation and progression of various diseases, ferroptosis is recognized as a bona fide target for the further development of treatment and prevention strategies. Over the past decade, considerable progress has been made in developing pharmacological agonists and antagonists for the treatment of these ferroptosis-related conditions. Here, we provide a detailed overview of our current knowledge regarding ferroptosis, its pathological roles, and its regulation during disease progression. Focusing on the use of chemical tools that target ferroptosis in preclinical studies, we also summarize recent advances in targeting ferroptosis across the growing spectrum of ferroptosis-associated pathogenic conditions. Finally, we discuss new challenges and opportunities for targeting ferroptosis as a potential strategy for treating ferroptosis-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
De Sarlo F, Machetti F. Primary nitro compounds: progress in the synthesis of isoxazoles by condensation with aldehydes or activated ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7255-7266. [PMID: 37646329 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00960b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Among the known strategies directed towards the synthesis of isoxazole derivatives, the reactions of aldehydes with primary nitro compounds deserve a comprehensive treatment, including the historical development as well as the more recent applications. The reactions of aldehydes with primary nitro compounds in a 1 : 2 molar ratio have been shown to lead to isoxazoline-N-oxides or isoxazole derivatives, via β-dinitro derivatives. Several modifications of the process allowed the formation of products bearing substituents at various positions of the heterocyclic ring with control of regioselectivity. Ketones are reported to react with primary nitro compounds, only if activated (β-diketones, α-nitroketones, or strained ketones), to give isoxazole derivatives. Symmetric 2,4-dinitroglutarates formed from aromatic aldehydes and nitroacetate undergo ring closure to form isoxazole derivatives or, according to reaction conditions, 5-hydroxy-6-oxo-4-aryl-6H-1,2-oxazine-3-carboxylates ("oxazinones"), by loss of alcohol instead of water. Isoxazole-4-carbaldehydes are obtained by the reaction of 3-oxetanone with primary nitro compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Sarlo
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" dell' Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Machetti
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff" dell' Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu Q, Zhu W, Du J, Ge H, Zheng J, Long S, Fan J, Peng X. A GPX4-targeted photosensitizer to reverse hypoxia-induced inhibition of ferroptosis for non-small cell lung cancer therapy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9095-9100. [PMID: 37655031 PMCID: PMC10466276 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis therapy is gradually becoming a new strategy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of its active iron metabolism. Because the hypoxic microenvironment in NSCLC inhibits ferroptosis heavily, the therapeutic effect of some ferroptosis inducers is severely limited. To address this issue, this work describes a promising photosensitizer ENBS-ML210 and its application against hypoxia of NSCLC treatment based on type I photodynamic therapy and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-targeted ferroptosis. ENBS-ML210 can promote lipid peroxidation and reduce GPX4 expression by generating superoxide anion radicals under 660 nm light irradiation, which reverses the hypoxia-induced resistance of ferroptosis and effectively kills H1299 tumor cells. Finally, the excellent synergistic antitumor effects are confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. We firmly believe that this method will provide a new direction for the clinical treatment of NSCLC in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Wanjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo 315016 P. R. China
| | - Haoying Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jiazhu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Saran Long
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo 315016 P. R. China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo 315016 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alborzinia H, Chen Z, Yildiz U, Freitas FP, Vogel FCE, Varga JP, Batani J, Bartenhagen C, Schmitz W, Büchel G, Michalke B, Zheng J, Meierjohann S, Girardi E, Espinet E, Flórez AF, dos Santos AF, Aroua N, Cheytan T, Haenlin J, Schlicker L, Xavier da Silva TN, Przybylla A, Zeisberger P, Superti‐Furga G, Eilers M, Conrad M, Fabiano M, Schweizer U, Fischer M, Schulze A, Trumpp A, Friedmann Angeli JP. LRP8-mediated selenocysteine uptake is a targetable vulnerability in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e18014. [PMID: 37435859 PMCID: PMC10405063 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202318014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis has emerged as an attractive strategy in cancer therapy. Understanding the operational networks regulating ferroptosis may unravel vulnerabilities that could be harnessed for therapeutic benefit. Using CRISPR-activation screens in ferroptosis hypersensitive cells, we identify the selenoprotein P (SELENOP) receptor, LRP8, as a key determinant protecting MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells from ferroptosis. Genetic deletion of LRP8 leads to ferroptosis as a result of an insufficient supply of selenocysteine, which is required for the translation of the antiferroptotic selenoprotein GPX4. This dependency is caused by low expression of alternative selenium uptake pathways such as system Xc- . The identification of LRP8 as a specific vulnerability of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells was confirmed in constitutive and inducible LRP8 knockout orthotopic xenografts. These findings disclose a yet-unaccounted mechanism of selective ferroptosis induction that might be explored as a therapeutic strategy for high-risk neuroblastoma and potentially other MYCN-amplified entities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Alborzinia
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum (RVZ), Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Umut Yildiz
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology UnitHeidelbergGermany
| | - Florencio Porto Freitas
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum (RVZ), Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Felix C E Vogel
- Division of Tumor Metabolism and MicroenvironmentGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Julianna Patricia Varga
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- European Molecular Biology OrganizationHeidelbergGermany
| | - Jasmin Batani
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum (RVZ), Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Christoph Bartenhagen
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Medical FacultyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Werner Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Gabriele Büchel
- Mildred Scheel Early Career CenterUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistryHelmholtz Center München (HMGU)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Jashuo Zheng
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell DeathHelmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU)NeuherbergGermany
| | | | - Enrico Girardi
- CeMM‐Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
- Solgate GmbHKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Elisa Espinet
- Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapy, School of MedicineUniversity of Barcelona (UB), L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell)Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Andrés F Flórez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Ancely Ferreira dos Santos
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum (RVZ), Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Nesrine Aroua
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Tasneem Cheytan
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Julie Haenlin
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Lisa Schlicker
- Division of Tumor Metabolism and MicroenvironmentGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Thamara N Xavier da Silva
- Division of Tumor Metabolism and MicroenvironmentGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Adriana Przybylla
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Petra Zeisberger
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Giulio Superti‐Furga
- CeMM‐Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
- Center for Physiology and PharmacologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Martin Eilers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Theodor Boveri Institute, BiocenterUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell DeathHelmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Marietta Fabiano
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
| | - Ulrich Schweizer
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Medical FacultyUniversity of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Almut Schulze
- Division of Tumor Metabolism and MicroenvironmentGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI‐STEM GmbH)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Stem Cells and CancerGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - José Pedro Friedmann Angeli
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum (RVZ), Center for Integrative and Translational BioimagingUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Prasad Panda S, Kesharwani A. Micronutrients/miRs/ATP networking in mitochondria: Clinical intervention with ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and calcium burden. Mitochondrion 2023; 71:1-16. [PMID: 37172668 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) requires mainly coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), copper (Cu2+), calcium (Ca2+), and iron (Fe2+) ions for efficient ATP production. According to cross-sectional research, up to 50% of patients with micronutrient imbalances have been linked to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced ATP production, and the prognosis of various diseases. The condition of ferroptosis, which is caused by the downregulation of CoQ10 and the activation of non-coding micro RNAs (miRs), is strongly linked to free radical accumulation, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The entry of micronutrients into the mitochondrial matrix depends upon the higher threshold level of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and high cytosolic micronutrients. The elevated micronutrient in the mitochondrial matrix causes the utilization of all ATP, leading to a drop in ATP levels. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) play a major role in Ca2+ influx in the mitochondrial matrix. The mitochondrial Ca2+ overload is regulated by specific miRs such as miR1, miR7, miR25, miR145, miR138, and miR214, thereby reducing apoptosis and improving ATP production. Cuproptosis is primarily brought on by increased Cu+ build-up and mitochondrial proteotoxic stress, mediated by ferredoxin-1 (FDX1) and long non-coding RNAs. Cu importers (SLC31A1) and exporters (ATP7B) influence intracellular Cu2+ levels to control cuproptosis. According to literature reviews, very few randomized micronutrient interventions have been carried out, despite the identification of a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies. In this review, we concentrated on essential micronutrients and specific miRs associated with ATP production that balance oxidative stress in mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Adarsh Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cheff DM, Cheng Q, Guo H, Travers J, Klumpp-Thomas C, Shen M, Arnér ESJ, Hall MD. Development of an assay pipeline for the discovery of novel small molecule inhibitors of human glutathione peroxidases GPX1 and GPX4. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102719. [PMID: 37244126 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein glutathione peroxidases (GPX), like ubiquitously expressed GPX1 and the ferroptosis modulator GPX4, enact antioxidant activities by reducing hydroperoxides using glutathione. Overexpression of these enzymes is common in cancer and can be associated with the development of resistance to chemotherapy. GPX1 and GPX4 inhibitors have thus shown promise as anti-cancer agents, and targeting other GPX isoforms may prove equally beneficial. Existing inhibitors are often promiscuous, or modulate GPXs only indirectly, so novel direct inhibitors identified through screening against GPX1 and GPX4 could be valuable. Here, we developed optimized glutathione reductase (GR)-coupled GPX assays for the biochemical high-throughput screen (HTS) of almost 12,000 compounds with proposed mechanisms of action. Initial hits were triaged using a GR counter-screen, assessed for isoform specificity against an additional GPX isoform, GPX2, and were assessed for general selenocysteine-targeting activity using a thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD1) assay. Importantly, 70% of the GPX1 inhibitors identified in the primary screen, including several cephalosporin antibiotics, were found to also inhibit TXNRD1, while auranofin, previously known as a TXNRD1 inhibitor, also inhibited GPX1 (but not GPX4). Additionally, every GPX1 inhibitor identified (including omapatrilat, tenatoprazole, cefoxitin and ceftibuten) showed similar inhibitory activity against GPX2. Some compounds inhibiting GPX4 but not GPX1 or GPX2, also inhibited TXNRD1 (26%). Compounds only inhibiting GPX4 included pranlukast sodium hydrate, lusutrombopag, brilanestrant, simeprevir, grazoprevir (MK-5172), paritaprevir, navitoclax, venetoclax and VU0661013. Two compounds (metamizole sodium and isoniazid sodium methanesulfate) inhibited all three GPXs but not TXNRD1, while 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulfonate, PI4KIII beta inhibitor 3, SCE-2174 and cefotetan sodium inhibited all tested selenoproteins (but not GR). The detected overlaps in chemical space suggest that the counter screens introduced here should be imperative for identification of specific GPX inhibitors. With this approach, we could indeed identify novel GPX1/GPX2- or GPX4-specific inhibitors, thus presenting a validated pipeline for future identification of specific selenoprotein-targeting agents. Our study also identified GPX1/GPX2, GPX4 and/or TXNRD1 as targets for several previously developed pharmacologically active compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorian M Cheff
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States; Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qing Cheng
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui Guo
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States
| | - Jameson Travers
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States
| | - Carleen Klumpp-Thomas
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States
| | - Min Shen
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Selenoprotein Research and the National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Matthew D Hall
- Early Translation Branch, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhu L, Hu S, Yan X, Zeng Q, Zhang B, Jiang L, Yao SQ, Ge J. Ugi reaction-assisted assembly of covalent PROTACs against glutathione peroxidase 4. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106461. [PMID: 36924654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Inducing cell ferroptosis by inactivating glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is a popular cancer treatment strategy. However, only few GPX4 inhibitors have been developed to date. PROteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) is a promising approach to provide new opportunities to overcome limitations of traditional therapeutics. Herein, a PROTAC-like activity-based probe PD-Q2 was first assembled using Ugi reaction, consisting of a known GPX4 inhibitor ML-162 homolog to the E3 ligase cereblon ligand-pomalidomide. Pull-down and immunoblotting analysis revealed that GPX4 was a covalent target of PD-Q2, but the degradation efficiency was weak. Therefore, a series of degraders was further synthesized by varying the linkers of heterofunctional PROTACs. Among these degraders, PD-4 and PD-P2 were found to promote effective GPX4 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system and cause lipid ROS accumulation. PD-4 and PD-P2 showed potent inhibitory of colony formation and cell growth. Furthermore, we found that with pomalidomide, the degraders exhibit a high fluorescent signal that is mostly localized in the lysosome, which may affect the effectiveness of anti-cell proliferation. Overall, we provide GPX4 degraders for further exploring therapeutic potential of regulating ferroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Linye Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore.
| | - Jingyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Koeberle SC, Kipp AP, Stuppner H, Koeberle A. Ferroptosis-modulating small molecules for targeting drug-resistant cancer: Challenges and opportunities in manipulating redox signaling. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:614-682. [PMID: 36658724 PMCID: PMC10947485 DOI: 10.1002/med.21933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death program that is characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation. Triggering ferroptosis has been proposed as a promising strategy to fight cancer and overcome drug resistance in antitumor therapy. Understanding the molecular interactions and structural features of ferroptosis-inducing compounds might therefore open the door to efficient pharmacological strategies against aggressive, metastatic, and therapy-resistant cancer. We here summarize the molecular mechanisms and structural requirements of ferroptosis-inducing small molecules that target central players in ferroptosis. Focus is placed on (i) glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 4, the only GPX isoenzyme that detoxifies complex membrane-bound lipid hydroperoxides, (ii) the cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc - that is central for glutathione regeneration, (iii) the redox-protective transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2), and (iv) GPX4 repression in combination with induced heme degradation via heme oxygenase-1. We deduce common features for efficient ferroptotic activity and highlight challenges in drug development. Moreover, we critically discuss the potential of natural products as ferroptosis-inducing lead structures and provide a comprehensive overview of structurally diverse biogenic and bioinspired small molecules that trigger ferroptosis via iron oxidation, inhibition of the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system or less defined modes of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solveigh C. Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)University of InnsbruckTirolInnsbruckAustria
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional SciencesFriedrich Schiller University JenaThüringenJenaGermany
| | - Anna P. Kipp
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutritional SciencesFriedrich Schiller University JenaThüringenJenaGermany
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Unit of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)University of InnsbruckTirolInnsbruckAustria
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI)University of InnsbruckTirolInnsbruckAustria
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rabitha R, Shivani S, Showket Y, Sudhandiran G. Ferroptosis regulates key signaling pathways in gastrointestinal tumors: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:2433-2451. [PMID: 37179581 PMCID: PMC10167906 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i16.2433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an emerging novel form of non-apoptotic, regulated cell death that is heavily dependent on iron and characterized by rupture in plasma membrane. Ferroptosis is distinct from other regulated cell death modalities at the biochemical, morphological, and molecular levels. The ferroptotic signature includes high membrane density, cytoplasmic swelling, condensed mitochondrial membrane, and outer mitochondrial rupture with associated features of accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase 4, a key regulator of ferroptosis, greatly reduces the lipid overload and protects the cell membrane against oxidative damage. Ferroptosis exerts a momentous role in regulating cancer signaling pathways and serves as a therapeutic target in cancers. Dysregulated ferroptosis orchestrates gastrointestinal (GI) cancer signaling pathways leading to GI tumors such as colonic cancer, pancreatic cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Crosstalk exists between ferroptosis and other cell death modalities. While apoptosis and autophagy play a detrimental role in tumor progression, depending upon the factors associated with tumor microenvironment, ferroptosis plays a decisive role in either promoting tumor growth or suppressing it. Several transcription factors, such as TP53, activating transcription factors 3 and 4, are involved in influencing ferroptosis. Importantly, several molecular mediators of ferroptosis, such as p53, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1, hypoxia inducible factor 1, and sirtuins, coordinate with ferroptosis in GI cancers. In this review, we elaborated on key molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and the signaling pathways that connect ferroptosis to GI tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandiran Rabitha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sethuraman Shivani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yahya Showket
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganapasam Sudhandiran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Cell Biology Research Laboratory, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Randolph JT, O'Connor MJ, Han F, Hutchins CW, Siu YA, Cho M, Zheng Y, Hickson JA, Markley JL, Manaves V, Algire M, Baker KA, Chapman AM, Gopalakrishnan SM, Panchal SC, Foster-Duke K, Stolarik DF, Kempf-Grote A, Dammeier D, Fossey S, Sun Q, Sun C, Shen Y, Dart MJ, Kati WM, Lai A, Firestone AJ, Kort ME. Discovery of a Potent Chloroacetamide GPX4 Inhibitor with Bioavailability to Enable Target Engagement in Mice, a Potential Tool Compound for Inducing Ferroptosis In Vivo. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3852-3865. [PMID: 36877935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Compounds that inhibit glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) hold promise as cancer therapeutics in their ability to induce a form of nonapoptotic cell death called ferroptosis. Our research identified 24, a structural analog of the potent GPX4 inhibitor RSL3, that has much better plasma stability (t1/2 > 5 h in mouse plasma). The bioavailability of 24 provided efficacious plasma drug concentrations with IP dosing, thus enabling in vivo studies to assess tolerability and efficacy. An efficacy study in mouse using a GPX4-sensitive tumor model found that doses of 24 up to 50 mg/kg were tolerated for 20 days but had no effect on tumor growth, although partial target engagement was observed in tumor homogenate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fei Han
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | | | - Y Amy Siu
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Min Cho
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yunan Zheng
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | | | - Jana L Markley
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | | | - Mikkel Algire
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Kenton A Baker
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Alex M Chapman
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Darby Dammeier
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Stacey Fossey
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Qi Sun
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Chaohong Sun
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Yu Shen
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Michael J Dart
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Warren M Kati
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Albert Lai
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Ari J Firestone
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Michael E Kort
- Abbvie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dahlin JL, Hua BK, Zucconi BE, Nelson SD, Singh S, Carpenter AE, Shrimp JH, Lima-Fernandes E, Wawer MJ, Chung LPW, Agrawal A, O'Reilly M, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Szewczyk M, Li F, Lak P, Cuellar M, Cole PA, Meier JL, Thomas T, Baell JB, Brown PJ, Walters MA, Clemons PA, Schreiber SL, Wagner BK. Reference compounds for characterizing cellular injury in high-content cellular morphology assays. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1364. [PMID: 36914634 PMCID: PMC10011410 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust, generalizable approaches to identify compounds efficiently with undesirable mechanisms of action in complex cellular assays remain elusive. Such a process would be useful for hit triage during high-throughput screening and, ultimately, predictive toxicology during drug development. Here we generate cell painting and cellular health profiles for 218 prototypical cytotoxic and nuisance compounds in U-2 OS cells in a concentration-response format. A diversity of compounds that cause cellular damage produces bioactive cell painting morphologies, including cytoskeletal poisons, genotoxins, nonspecific electrophiles, and redox-active compounds. Further, we show that lower quality lysine acetyltransferase inhibitors and nonspecific electrophiles can be distinguished from more selective counterparts. We propose that the purposeful inclusion of cytotoxic and nuisance reference compounds such as those profiled in this resource will help with assay optimization and compound prioritization in complex cellular assays like cell painting.
Collapse
Grants
- R35 GM127045 NIGMS NIH HHS
- U01 CA272612 NCI NIH HHS
- T32 HL007627 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R37 GM062437 NIGMS NIH HHS
- S10 OD026839 NIH HHS
- R35 GM122481 NIGMS NIH HHS
- U01 DK123717 NIDDK NIH HHS
- Wellcome Trust
- R35 GM122547 NIGMS NIH HHS
- U01 CA217848 NCI NIH HHS
- K99 GM124357 NIGMS NIH HHS
- R35 GM149229 NIGMS NIH HHS
- This study was supported by the Ono Pharma Breakthrough Science Initiative Award (to BKW). Authors acknowledge the following financial support: JLD (NIH NHLBI, T32-HL007627); BKH (National Science Foundation, DGE1144152 and DGE1745303); BEZ (NIH NIGMS, K99-GM124357); SDN (Harvard University’s Graduate Prize Fellowship, Eli Lilly Graduate Fellowship in Chemistry); PA Cole (NIH NIGMS, R37-GM62437); SLS (NIGMS, R35-GM127045); BKW (Ono Pharma Foundation; NIH NIDDK, U01-DK123717); SS (NIH NIGMS, R35-GM122547). The authors gratefully acknowledge the use of the Opera Phenix High-Content/High-Throughput imaging system at the Broad Institute, funded by the NIH S10 grant OD026839. This research was supported in part by the Intramural/Extramural research program of the NCATS, NIH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayme L Dahlin
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Bruce K Hua
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Beth E Zucconi
- Division of Genetics, Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan H Shrimp
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Mathias J Wawer
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence P W Chung
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ayushi Agrawal
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Magdalena Szewczyk
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Parnian Lak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quantitative Biology Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Cuellar
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Departments of Medicine and Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordan L Meier
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Tim Thomas
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan B Baell
- Medicinal Chemistry Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A Walters
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul A Clemons
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bridget K Wagner
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bonatto V, Lameiro RF, Rocho FR, Lameira J, Leitão A, Montanari CA. Nitriles: an attractive approach to the development of covalent inhibitors. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:201-217. [PMID: 36846367 PMCID: PMC9945868 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00204c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitriles have broad applications in medicinal chemistry, with more than 60 small molecule drugs on the market containing the cyano functional group. In addition to the well-known noncovalent interactions that nitriles can perform with macromolecular targets, they are also known to improve drug candidates' pharmacokinetic profiles. Moreover, the cyano group can be used as an electrophilic warhead to covalently bind an inhibitor to a target of interest, forming a covalent adduct, a strategy that can present benefits over noncovalent inhibitors. This approach has gained much notoriety in recent years, mainly with diabetes and COVID-19-approved drugs. Nevertheless, the application of nitriles in covalent ligands is not restricted to it being the reactive center, as it can also be employed to convert irreversible inhibitors into reversible ones, a promising strategy for kinase inhibition and protein degradation. In this review, we introduce and discuss the roles of the cyano group in covalent inhibitors, how to tune its reactivity and the possibility of achieving selectivity only by replacing the warhead. Finally, we provide an overview of nitrile-based covalent compounds in approved drugs and inhibitors recently described in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Bonatto
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400 13566-590 São Carlos/SP Brazil
| | - Rafael F Lameiro
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400 13566-590 São Carlos/SP Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Rocho
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400 13566-590 São Carlos/SP Brazil
| | - Jerônimo Lameira
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400 13566-590 São Carlos/SP Brazil
- Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Pará Rua Augusto Correa S/N Belém PA Brazil
| | - Andrei Leitão
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400 13566-590 São Carlos/SP Brazil
| | - Carlos A Montanari
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo Avenue Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400 13566-590 São Carlos/SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gu Y, Li Y, Wang J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Wang Y. Targeting ferroptosis: Paving new roads for drug design and discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 247:115015. [PMID: 36543035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, first proposed in 2012, is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by excessive polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation. In the past decade, researchers have revealed the formation and mechanisms of ferroptosis. Cancer drug resistance can be reversed by ferroptosis induction, and inhibiting ferroptosis has been shown to block certain disease processes. As a result, several ferroptosis-targeting drugs have been developed. However, the first-generation ferroptosis-targeting agents remain hampered from clinical use, mainly due to poor selectivity and pharmacokinetics. The discoveries of FSP1, GCH1, and other potential ferroptosis-regulating pathways independent of Xc--GSH-GPX4 provide novel targets for drug design. Recently, protein-targeted degradation and antibody-drug conjugate strategy show promise in future drug design. With novel targets, further optimizations, and new technologies, the next-generation ferroptosis-targeting agents show a promising future with improved selectivity and efficacy. In this review, we summarize mechanisms, target types, drug design, and novel technologies of ferroptosis, aiming to pave the way for future drug design and discovery in the next decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Gu
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yizhe Li
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Lele Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Guo C, Xing X, Zhang ZM, Ding K, Li Z. Oxidant-Induced Bioconjugation for Protein Labeling in Live Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:112-122. [PMID: 36543757 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemical proteomics is a powerful technology that can be used in the studies of the functions of uncharacterized proteins in the human proteome. It relies on a suitable bioconjugation strategy for protein labeling. This could be either a UV-responsive photo-crosslinker or an electrophilic warhead embedded in chemical probes that can form covalent bonds with target proteins. Here, we report a new protein-labeling strategy in which a nitrile oxide, a highly reactive intermediate that reacts with proteins, can be efficiently generated by the treatment of oximes with a water-soluble and a minimally toxic oxidant, phenyliodine bis (trifluoroacetate) (PIFA). The resulting intermediate can rapidly bioconjugate with amino acid residues of target proteins, thus enabling target identification of oxime-containing bioactive molecules. Excellent chemoselectivity of cysteine residues by the nitrile oxide was observed, and over 4000 reactive and/or accessible cysteines, including KRAS G12C, have been successfully characterized by quantitative chemical proteomics. Some of these residues could not be detected by conventional cysteine reagents, thus demonstrating the complementary utility of this method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiacong Liu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xianfang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cuiping Guo
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiwen Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ke Ding
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhengqiu Li
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development (MOE), MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kline GM, Paxman RJ, Lin CY, Madrazo N, Grandjean JM, Lee K, Nugroho K, Powers ET, Wiseman RL, Kelly JW. Divergent Proteome Reactivity Influences Arm-Selective Activation of Pharmacological Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteostasis Regulators. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.16.524237. [PMID: 36712115 PMCID: PMC9882204 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.16.524237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological activation of the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) arm of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) has proven useful for ameliorating proteostasis deficiencies in a variety of etiologically diverse diseases. Previous high-throughput screening efforts identified the small molecule AA147 as a potent and selective ATF6 activating compound that operates through a mechanism involving metabolic activation of its 2-amino- p -cresol substructure affording a quinone methide, which then covalently modifies a subset of ER protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs). Intriguingly, another compound identified in this screen, AA132, also contains a 2-amino- p -cresol moiety; however, this compound showed less transcriptional selectivity, instead globally activating all three arms of the UPR. Here, we show that AA132 activates global UPR signaling through a mechanism analogous to that of AA147, involving metabolic activation and covalent PDI modification. Chemoproteomic-enabled analyses show that AA132 covalently modifies PDIs to a greater extent than AA147. Paradoxically, activated AA132 reacts slower with PDIs, indicating it is less reactive than activated AA147. This suggests that the higher labeling of PDIs observed with activated AA132 can be attributed to its lower reactivity, which allows this activated compound to persist longer in the cellular environment prior to quenching by endogenous nucleophiles. Collectively, these results suggest that AA132 globally activates the UPR through increased engagement of ER PDIs. Consistent with this, reducing the cellular concentration of AA132 decreases PDI modifications and allows for selective ATF6 activation. Our results highlight the relationship between metabolically activatable-electrophile stability, ER proteome reactivity, and the transcriptional response observed with the enaminone chemotype of ER proteostasis regulators, enabling continued development of next-generation ATF6 activating compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M. Kline
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ryan J Paxman
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Chung-Yon Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nicole Madrazo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Julia M. Grandjean
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kyunga Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Karina Nugroho
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Evan T. Powers
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - R. Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jeffery W. Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hu Q, Zhu W, Du J, Long S, Sun W, Fan J, Peng X. A near-infrared GPX4 fluorescent probe for non-small cell lung cancer imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:294-297. [PMID: 36504123 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06161a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (H1299) cells. In this work, a near-infrared fluorescent probe ENBO-ML210 was developed. In vitro and in vivo imaging results showed that ENBO-ML210 could target and visualize GPX4 in H1299 cells, exhibiting potential for the diagnosis of non-small lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Wanjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. .,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315016, China
| | - Saran Long
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. .,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315016, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. .,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315016, China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. .,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, 26 Yucai Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo 315016, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Resistance to ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is associated with the development of some refractory cancers. In this issue, Yang et al. systematically illustrate the ferroptosis heterogeneity in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and reveal an innovative immunotherapy combination strategy for the luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype of TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Gao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
FERROPTOSIS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF BRAIN TUMORS. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.17816/clinpract114787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of research on ferroptosis has seen explosive growth in the past few years since the term was coined in 2012. This review highlights the current state of knowledge on the developmental mechanism of this unique mode of cell death, induced by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation and which is regulated by a variety of cellular metabolic events, including redox homeostasis. Among these factors, the xCT. system, an amino acid antiporter that supports the synthesis of glutathione (GSH) and oxidation protection. The risk of iron accumulation in neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and Schwann cells and the development of oxidative stress is discussed. Ferroptosis triggers a cascade of events including activation of inflammation, oxidation of neurotransmitters, impaired neuronal communication, myelin sheath degeneration, astrocyte dysregulation, dementia, and cell death. On the other hand, the exceptional vulnerability to ferroptosis of cancer cells originating from the nervous tissue is estimated. Evidence is given for the initiation of ferroptosis in tumor cells as a factor in inhibiting the growth and death of these cells. Particular attention is paid to the pharmacological modulation of ferroptosis through its induction and inhibition for the treatment of drug-resistant cancers. The choice of targets for the induction of ferroptosis in cancer cells is discussed. Glutathione peroxidase 4 and xCT amino acid antiporter are recognized as the most preferred targets and the antitumor potential of their inhibition and side effects are being evaluated.
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang L, Nao J. Ferroptosis: a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci 2022:revneuro-2022-0121. [PMID: 36514247 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The most prevalent dementia-causing neurodegenerative condition is Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aberrant buildup of amyloid β and tau hyperphosphorylation are the two most well-known theories about the mechanisms underlying AD development. However, a significant number of pharmacological clinical studies conducted around the world based on the two aforementioned theories have not shown promising outcomes, and AD is still not effectively treated. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic programmed cell death defined by the buildup of deadly amounts of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, has received more attention in recent years. A wealth of data is emerging to support the role of iron in the pathophysiology of AD. Cell line and animal studies applying ferroptosis modulators to the treatment of AD have shown encouraging results. Based on these studies, we describe in this review the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis; the role that ferroptosis plays in AD pathology; and summarise some of the research advances in the treatment of AD with ferroptosis modulators. We hope to contribute to the clinical management of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jianfei Nao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu H, Forouhar F, Lin AJ, Wang Q, Polychronidou V, Soni RK, Xia X, Stockwell BR. Small-molecule allosteric inhibitors of GPX4. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1680-1693.e9. [PMID: 36423641 PMCID: PMC9772252 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Encouraged by the dependence of drug-resistant, metastatic cancers on GPX4, we examined biophysical mechanisms of GPX4 inhibition, which revealed an unexpected allosteric site. We found that this site was involved in native regeneration of GPX4 under low glutathione conditions. Covalent binding of inhibitors to this allosteric site caused a conformational change, inhibition of activity, and subsequent cellular GPX4 protein degradation. To verify this site in an unbiased manner, we screened a library of compounds and identified and validated that an additional compound can covalently bind in this allosteric site, inhibiting and degrading GPX4. We determined co-crystal structures of six different inhibitors bound in this site. We have thus identified an allosteric mechanism for small molecules targeting aggressive cancers dependent on GPX4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengrui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Farhad Forouhar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Annie J Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Rajesh Kumar Soni
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xin Xia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Brent R Stockwell
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nguyen KA, Conilh L, Falson P, Dumontet C, Boumendjel A. The first ADC bearing the ferroptosis inducer RSL3 as a payload with conservation of the fragile electrophilic warhead. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
44
|
Qi X, Wan Z, Jiang B, Ouyang Y, Feng W, Zhu H, Tan Y, He R, Xie L, Li Y. Inducing ferroptosis has the potential to overcome therapy resistance in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038225. [PMID: 36505465 PMCID: PMC9730886 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy among women. Due to the iron-dependent character of breast cancer cells, they are more sensitive to ferroptosis compared to normal cells. It is possible to reverse tumor resistance by inducing ferroptosis in breast cancer cells, thereby improving tumor treatment outcomes. Ferroptosis is highly dependent on the balance of oxidative and antioxidant status. When ferroptosis occurs, intracellular iron levels are significantly increased, leading to increased membrane lipid peroxidation and ultimately triggering ferroptosis. Ferroptotic death is a form of autophagy-associated cell death. Synergistic use of nanoparticle-loaded ferroptosis-inducer with radiotherapy and chemotherapy achieves more significant tumor suppression and inhibits the growth of breast cancer by targeting cancer tissues, enhancing the sensitivity of cells to drugs, reducing the drug resistance of cancer cells and the toxicity of drugs. In this review, we present the current status of breast cancer and the mechanisms of ferroptosis. It is hopeful for us to realize effective treatment of breast cancer through targeted ferroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhixing Wan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Baohong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhan Ouyang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjie Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbo Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yeru Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Rongfang He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Liming Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ruan HL, Deng YX, Li ZJ, Zhao SY. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Three-Component Selenosulfonation of Maleimides with Sulfonyl Hydrazides and Diselenides via Radical Relay. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15661-15669. [PMID: 36317696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
By employing Cu(CH3CN)4PF6 as the catalyst and tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant, we realized a three-component radical selenosulfonation of substituted maleimides, sulfonyl hydrazides, and diphenyl diselenides, providing a series of 3,4-selenosulfonylated succinimides in moderate to good yields. This reaction features broad substrate scopes, high functional-group tolerability, and feasibility of gram-scale synthesis, enabling one-step construction of C-SO2 and C-Se bonds under mild reaction conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies support the free-radical-induced pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Ruan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Xia Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Jing Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Yin Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ferroptosis: Shedding Light on Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities in Liver Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203301. [PMID: 36291167 PMCID: PMC9600232 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a vital physiological or pathological phenomenon in the development process of the organism. Ferroptosis is a kind of newly-discovered regulated cell death (RCD), which is different from other RCD patterns, such as apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy at the morphological, biochemical and genetic levels. It is a kind of iron-dependent mode of death mediated by lipid peroxides and lipid reactive oxygen species aggregation. Noteworthily, the number of studies focused on ferroptosis has been increasing exponentially since ferroptosis was first found in 2012. The liver is the organ that stores the most iron in the human body. Recently, it was frequently found that there are different degrees of iron metabolism disorder and lipid peroxidation and other ferroptosis characteristics in various liver diseases. Numerous investigators have discovered that the progression of various liver diseases can be affected via the regulation of ferroptosis, which may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for clinical hepatic diseases. This review aims to summarize the mechanism and update research progress of ferroptosis, so as to provide novel promising directions for the treatment of liver diseases.
Collapse
|
47
|
Karaj E, Sindi SH, Kuganesan N, Perera L, Taylor W, Viranga Tillekeratne LM. Tunable Cysteine-Targeting Electrophilic Heteroaromatic Warheads Induce Ferroptosis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11788-11817. [PMID: 35984756 PMCID: PMC10408038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Once considered potential liabilities, the modern era witnesses a renaissance of interest in covalent inhibitors in drug discovery. The available toolbox of electrophilic warheads is limited by constraints on tuning reactivity and selectivity. Following our work on a class of ferroptotic agents termed CETZOLEs, we discovered new tunable heterocyclic electrophiles which are capable of inducing ferroptosis. The biological evaluation demonstrated that thiazoles with an alkyne electrophile at the 2-position selectively induce ferroptosis with high potency. Density functional theory calculations and NMR kinetic studies demonstrated the ability of our heterocycles to undergo thiol addition, an apparent prerequisite for cytotoxicity. Chemoproteomic analysis indicated several potential targets, the most prominent among them being GPX4 protein. These results were further validated by western blot analysis and the cellular thermal shift assay. Incorporation of these heterocycles into appropriate pharmacophores generated highly cytotoxic agents such as the analogue BCP-T.A, with low nM IC50 values in ferroptosis-sensitive cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Endri Karaj
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Shaimaa H. Sindi
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Nishanth Kuganesan
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Lalith Perera
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity and Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - William Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - L. M. Viranga Tillekeratne
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gong S, Hu X, Chen S, Sun B, Wu JL, Li N. Dual roles of drug or its metabolite-protein conjugate: Cutting-edge strategy of drug discovery using shotgun proteomics. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1704-1734. [PMID: 35638460 DOI: 10.1002/med.21889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Many drugs can bind directly to proteins or be bioactivated by metabolizing enzymes to form reactive metabolites (RMs) that rapidly bind to proteins to form drug-protein conjugates or metabolite-protein conjugates (DMPCs). The close relationship between DMPCs and idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IADRs) has been recognized; drug discovery teams tend to avoid covalent interactions in drug discovery projects. Covalent interactions in DMPCs can provide high potency and long action duration and conquer the intractable targets, inspiring drug design, and development. This forms the dual role feature of DMPCs. Understanding the functional implications of DMPCs in IADR control and therapeutic applications requires precise identification of these conjugates from complex biological samples. While classical biochemical methods have contributed significantly to DMPC detection in the past decades, the low abundance and low coverage of DMPCs have become a bottleneck in this field. An emerging transformation toward shotgun proteomics is on the rise. The evolving shotgun proteomics techniques offer improved reproducibility, throughput, specificity, operability, and standardization. Here, we review recent progress in the systematic discovery of DMPCs using shotgun proteomics. Furthermore, the applications of shotgun proteomics supporting drug development, toxicity mechanism investigation, and drug repurposing processes are also reviewed and prospected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Shengshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Baoqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Respiratory Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen FJ, Zheng M, Nobile V, Gao J. Fast and Cysteine-Specific Modification of Peptides, Proteins and Bacteriophage Using Chlorooximes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200058. [PMID: 35167137 PMCID: PMC8986619 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a novel chlorooxime mediated modification of native peptides and proteins under physiologic conditions. This method features fast reaction kinetics (apparent k2 =306±4 M-1 s-1 for GSH) and exquisite selectivity for cysteine residues. This cysteine conjugation reaction can be carried out with just single-digit micromolar concentrations of the labeling reagent. The conjugates show high stability towards acid, base, and external thiol nucleophiles. A nitrile oxide species generated in situ is likely involved as the key intermediate. Furthermore, a bis-chlorooxime reagent is synthesized to enable facile Cys-Cys stapling in native peptides and proteins. This highly efficient cysteine conjugation and stapling was further implemented on bacteriophage to construct chemically modified phage libraries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Jie Chen
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Mengmeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Vincent Nobile
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Jianmin Gao
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kline GM, Nugroho K, Kelly JW. Inverse Drug Discovery identifies weak electrophiles affording protein conjugates. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 67:102113. [PMID: 35065430 PMCID: PMC8940698 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Traditional biochemical target-based and phenotypic cell-based screening approaches to drug discovery have produced the current covalent and non-covalent pharmacopoeia. Strategies to expand the druggable proteome include Inverse Drug Discovery, which involves incubating one weak organic electrophile at a time with the proteins of a living cell to identify the conjugates formed. An alkyne substructure in each organic electrophile enables affinity chromatography-mass spectrometry, which produces a list of proteins that each distinct compound reacts with. Herein, we review Inverse Drug Discovery in the context of organic compounds of intermediate complexity harboring Sulfur(VI)-fluoride exchange (SuFEx) electrophiles used to expand the cellular proteins that can be targeted covalently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M Kline
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karina Nugroho
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffery W Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|