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Khan A, Gilani AH. An insight investigation to the antiurolithic activity of Trachyspermum ammi using the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Urolithiasis 2023; 51:43. [PMID: 36867274 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-023-01415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The crude extract of Trachyspermum ammi seeds (Ta.Cr) was studied for its antiurolithic activity using the in vivo and in vitro experiments. In the in vivo experiments, Ta.Cr treatment showed a diuretic activity at the dose of 30 and 100 mg/kg and exhibited curative effect in male hyperoxaluric Wistar rats, which received 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) in drinking water given for 3 weeks, with 1% ammonium chloride (AC) for initial three days. In the in vitro experiments, Ta.Cr delayed the slopes of nucleation and inhibited the calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner like that of potassium citrate. Ta.Cr also inhibited DPPH free radicals like standard antioxidant drug butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and significantly reduced cell toxicity and LDH release in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, exposed to oxalate (0.5 mM) and COM (66 µg/cm2) crystals. In isolated rabbit urinary bladder strips, Ta.Cr relaxed high K+ (80 mM) and CCh (1 µM)-induced contractions, showing antispasmodic activity. The findings of this study suggest that the antiurolithic activity of crude extract of Trachyspermum ammi seeds may be mediated by a number of mechanisms, including a diuretic, an inhibitor of CaOx crystal aggregation, an antioxidant, renal epithelial cell protection, and an antispasmodic, thus, showing the therapeutic potential in urolithiasis, for which there is no viable non-invasive option in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslam Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, 13 KM Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan. .,Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Anwar H Gilani
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan. .,Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Constitution Avenue, G-5, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Zhu T, Li L, Duan Q, Liu X, Chen M. Progress in our understanding of plant responses to the stress of heavy metal cadmium. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1836884. [PMID: 33084518 PMCID: PMC7781755 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1836884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a major environmental stress affecting plant growth and development. The heavy metal cadmium inhibits various physiological processes in plants, including seed germination and seedling growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidation. Extensive research has been conducted on the toxic effects of Cd2+ on plants and the mechanisms of Cd2+ tolerance. Here, we review recent advancements in our understanding of the absorption, transport, and accumulation of Cd2+ in plants and the mechanisms of Cd2+ tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qixin Duan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiuling Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, PR China
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Sun Y, Pan Z, Yang C, Jia Z, Guo X. Comparative Assessment of Phenolic Profiles, Cellular Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities in Ten Varieties of Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea Batatas) Storage Roots. Molecules 2019; 24:E4476. [PMID: 31817653 PMCID: PMC6943676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet potato is the sixth most important crop widely cultivated around the world with abundant varieties. Different varieties gain different phenolic profiles which has drawn researchers' attention for its unique health benefits. Our study evaluated the phenolic profiles, total and cellular antioxidant activities, antiproliferative activities, and cytotoxicity in 10 cultivated varieties of sweet potato in different colours. Among fourteen metabolites detected in our study, hyperoside, ferulic acid and caffeic acid were considered as prominent in SPSRs. According to the principle component analysis, phytochemical composition of HX22, YS15 and YS7 was quite similar. The results also evidenced that purple-fleshed varieties, such as YS43, YZ7 and YY153, have higher total phenolics content and corresponding stronger total antioxidant capacities as well as cellular antiproliferative activities against human liver cancer HepG2 cells than other varieties. The extremely significant correlation between phenolics and total antioxidant activity was also revealed by Pearson correlation analysis (p < 0.05). However, no significant relevance was found between intracellular antioxidant activity and total phenolic content or flesh colour of sweet potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Zhijun Pan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Chunxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.S.); (C.Y.)
| | - Zhenzhen Jia
- Research Center of Agriculture, Pingdingshan Academy of Agricultural Science, Pingdingshan 467000, China;
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China;
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Ben Mrid R, Bouchmaa N, Bouargalne Y, Ramdan B, Karrouchi K, Kabach I, El Karbane M, Idir A, Zyad A, Nhiri M. Phytochemical Characterization, Antioxidant and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity Evaluation of Juniperus oxycedrus Subsp. oxycedrus Needles and Berries. Molecules 2019; 24:E502. [PMID: 30704127 PMCID: PMC6384603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the antioxidant properties of aqueous and methanol extracts of needles and berries of Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus (Joo) species, various antioxidant capacity assessment tests (free radical scavenging assays (DPPH• and ABTS•+ tests), ferrous ions (Fe2+) chelating activity and reducing power assay (FRAP) were conducted. In all of the tests, the extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity. Furthermore, in-vitro cytotoxic activity assays of the methanolic extracts showed potent cytotoxic effects against two breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7), with no cytotoxicity towards normal cells (PBMCs). Reactive oxygen species generation was presumed to be a potential reason for the observed cytotoxic effects. According to all the above, and considering its appropriate composition of mineral elements and phenolic compounds, Joo could offer a beneficial and natural source of bioactive compounds that can be either used on the preventive side as it could potentially be used in the clinic without toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Ben Mrid
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco.
| | - Najat Bouchmaa
- Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immuno-pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 23000 Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Youssef Bouargalne
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco.
| | - Btissam Ramdan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco.
| | - Khalid Karrouchi
- Physicochemical service, Drugs Quality Control Laboratory, Division of Drugs and Pharmacy, Ministry of Health, 10100 Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Imad Kabach
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco.
| | - Miloud El Karbane
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, 10100 Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Abderrazak Idir
- Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immuno-pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 23000 Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Abdelmajid Zyad
- Team of Experimental Oncology and Natural Substances, Cellular and Molecular Immuno-pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 23000 Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Nhiri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Tangier, BP 416, 90000 Tangier, Morocco.
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Li D, Na X, Wang H, Xie Y, Cong S, Song Y, Xu X, Zhu BW, Tan M. Fluorescent Carbon Dots Derived from Maillard Reaction Products: Their Properties, Biodistribution, Cytotoxicity, and Antioxidant Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1569-1575. [PMID: 29360356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Food-borne nanoparticles have received great attention because of their unique physicochemical properties and potential health risk. In this study, carbon dots (CDs) formed during one of the most important chemical reactions in the food processing field, the Maillard reaction from the model system including glucose and lysine, were investigated. The CDs purified from Maillard reaction products emitted a strong blue fluorescence under ultraviolet light with a fluorescent quantum yield of 16.30%. In addition, they were roughly spherical, with sizes of around 4.3 nm, and mainly composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Their surface groups such as hydroxyl, amino, and carboxyl groups were found to possibly enable CDs to scavenge DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity assessment of CDs showed that they could readily enter HepG2 cells while causing negligible cell death at low concentration. However, high CDs concentrations were highly cytotoxic and led to cell death via interference of the glycolytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokang Na
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yisha Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Cong
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbing Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University , Qinggongyuan 1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Seafood of Ministry of Education of China , Dalian 116034, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Yuan B, Xue LW, Zhang QY, Kong WW, Peng J, Kou M, Jiang JH. Essential Oil from Sweet Potato Vines, a Potential New Natural Preservative, and an Antioxidant on Sweet Potato Tubers: Assessment of the Activity and the Constitution. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7481-7491. [PMID: 27624288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic fungi and oxidation are the major factors that cause the deterioration of sweet potatoes and also cause the loss of quality that makes consumption unsafe. In the present study, the in vitro results demonstrate that the essential oil from sweet potato vines exhibits significantly enhanced activity compared to that of the control. Furthermore, the essential oil can actively inhibit the growth of some common microorganisms inducing pathogenic bacteria and fungi (inhibition rates above 50% at low concentrations). A total of 31 constituents were identified using GC-MS and confirmed that linalool and p-hydroxybenzoic acid are the major active ingredients. The experiment involving actual tubers showed that the essential oil could retains its quality and effectiveness again the fungus disease. This suggests that it could be used in the food industry to increase the shelf life of stored produce (tubers) to ensure food safety without the use of additives or preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Ling-Wei Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Wan-Wan Kong
- Department of Environmental Monitoring and Protection, Peixian, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221600, China
| | - Jun Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Meng Kou
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
- Xuzhou Sweet Potato Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221131, China
| | - Ji-Hong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
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Chen HJ, Liang SH, Huang GJ, Lin YH. Sweet potato cysteine proteases SPAE and SPCP2 participate in sporamin degradation during storage root sprouting. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 186-187:39-49. [PMID: 26363719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sweet potato sporamins are trypsin inhibitors and exhibit strong resistance to digestion by pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin. In addition, they constitute the major storage proteins in the sweet potato and, after degradation, provide nitrogen as a nutrient for seedling regrowth in sprouting storage roots. In this report, four cysteine proteases-one asparaginyl endopeptidase (SPAE), two papain-like cysteine proteases (SPCP1 and SPCP2), and one granulin-containing cysteine protease (SPCP3)-were studied to determine their association with sporamin degradation in sprouting storage roots. Sporamin degradation became significant in the flesh of storage roots starting from week 4 after sprouting and this correlated with expression levels of SPAE and SPCP2, but not of SPCP1 and SPCP3. In the outer flesh near the skin, sporamin degradation was more evident and occurred earlier than in the inner flesh of storage roots. Degradation of sporamins in the outer flesh was inversely correlated with the distance of the storage root from the sprout. Exogenous application of SPAE and SPCP2, but not SPCP3, fusion proteins to crude extracts of the outer flesh (i.e., extracted from a depth of 0.3cm and within 2cm of one-week-old sprouts) promoted in vitro sporamin degradation in a dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatment of SPAE and SPCP2 fusion proteins at 95°C for 5min prior to their application to the crude extracts reduced sporamin degradation. These data show that sweet potato asparaginyl endopeptidase SPAE and papain-like cysteine protease SPCP2 participate in sporamin degradation during storage root sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Jung Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Hao Liang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University, 404 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Huei Lin
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 115 Taipei, Taiwan.
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Huang SS, Deng JS, Chen HJ, Lin YH, Huang GJ. Antioxidant activities of two metallothionein-like proteins from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam. `Tainong 57') storage roots and their synthesized peptides. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2014; 55:64. [PMID: 28510944 PMCID: PMC5430340 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-014-0064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metallothionein (MT) characterized by their low molecular weight and high cysteine content. RESULTS Two recombinant proteins of MT-I and MT-II overproduced in E. coli (M15) was purified by Ni2+-chelated affinity chromatography. The molecular mass of MT-I and MT-II are ca. 6,600 and 8,000 Da as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Total antioxidant status, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power method, Fe2+-chelating ability, ferric thiocyanate (FTC) method, and protecting calf thymus DNA against hydroxyl radical-induced damage were studied. The MT-I and MT-II proteins with a concentration of 100 μg/mL exhibited the highest activity (expressed respectively as 61.72 ± 0.13 and 74.28 ± 1.15 μM Trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity, TEAC) in total antioxidant status test. Like total antioxidant status, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, Fe2+-chelating ability, FTC activity, and protecting calf thymus DNA against hydroxyl radical-induced damage all showed that MT-1 and MT-II proteins have antioxidant activities. In this study, we also found that antioxidant activities of MT-I and MT-II increased from 17% and 16% (0 h) to about 26% and 28% (24 h) after 24 h hydrolysis by trypsin. Smaller peptides increased the antioxidant activities. Four and three peptides, respectively, from MT-I and MT-II protein sequences for testing antioxidative activity were synthesized according to tryptic hydrolysis simulation. The obtained MSSGCK, CGSDCK, LTLEGSSEK, ATEGGHACK, CGNGCGGCK, and CDPCNCK showed IC50 values of 309.87, 1423.37, 3925.54, 561.32, 300.76, and 610.12 μM, respectively, when scavenging activity of DPPH radicals (%) was measured. CONCLUSIONS These findings mean that a cysteine residue is most important in antiradical activities. It was suggested that MT-I and MT-II might contribute their antioxidant activities against hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyh-Shyun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413 Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Jung Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804 Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Huei Lin
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, 115 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 404 Taiwan
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Tu ZC, Hu YM, Wang H, Huang XQ, Xia SQ, Niu PP. Microwave heating enhances antioxidant and emulsifying activities of ovalbumin glycated with glucose in solid-state. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013; 52:1453-61. [PMID: 25745213 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the properties of ovalbumin (OVA) after glycated with glucose under microwave heating. For this purpose, microwave at 480 and 640 W power levels were used for heating the OVA-glucose system in solid-state for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min, respectively. The results indicated that the protein molecular weight was increased after glycated with glucose under microwave treatment, the pH of the system was decreased with the increase of microwave treatment power and time, while the UV absorbance, browning intensity, antioxidant activities as well as the emulsifying activity and emulsion stability of the Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were increased in according with the raise of microwave treatment power and time. The reaction time of microwave treatment is much shorter than those using traditional methods, suggesting that microwave irradiation is a novel and efficient approach to promote Maillard reaction (MR) in dry state and improve protein antioxidant and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Cai Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047 China ; College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Yue-Ming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047 China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047 China
| | - Xiao-Qin Huang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022 China
| | - Shi-Qi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047 China
| | - Pei-Pei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047 China
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Chi XW, Lin CT, Jiang YC, Wen L, Lin CT. A dithiol glutaredoxin cDNA from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam): enzyme properties and kinetic studies. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2012; 14:659-65. [PMID: 22288388 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Glutaredoxins (Grx) play an important role in reduction of protein glutathione mixed disulphides. An IbGrx cDNA (561 bp, EF362614) encoding a putative dithiol Grx was cloned from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam). The deduced amino acid sequence is conserved among the reported dithiol Grx, having a CGYC dithiol motif at the active site. A 3-D structural model was created based on the known crystal structure of a poplar Grx (GrxC1). To characterise the IbGrx protein, the coding region was subcloned into an expression vector and transformed into Escherichia coli. The recombinant His(6) -tagged IbGrx was expressed and purified by metal affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme showed a monomeric band, as demonstrated with 15% SDS-PAGE. The Michaelis constant (K(M) ) for ß-hydroxyethyl disulphide (HED) was 0.50 ± 0.08 Mm. The enzyme retained 60% activity at 80 °C for 16 min. The enzyme was active over a broad pH range from 6.0 to 11.0, and in the presence of imidazole up to 0.4 M. The enzyme was susceptible to protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-W Chi
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for Marine Bioenvironment and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Rd, Keelung, Taiwan
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Umasuthan N, Revathy KS, Lee Y, Whang I, Lee J. Mitochondrial thioredoxin-2 from Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is a potent antioxidant enzyme involved in antibacterial response. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 32:513-523. [PMID: 22248533 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin (TRx) is a ubiquitous protein involved in the regulation of multiple biological processes. The TRx-2 isoform is exclusively expressed in mitochondria, where it contributes to mitochondrial redox state maintenance. In the present study, a novel thioredoxin-2 gene was identified in the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. The full-length sequence of RpTRx-2 (1561 bp) consists of a 498 bp coding region encoding a 166 amino acid protein. The N-terminal region of RpTRx-2 harbors a mitochondrial localization signal (56 amino acids), while the C-terminal portion contains the characteristic (89)WCGPC(93) catalytic active site. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that RpTRx-2 is closest to its ortholog from abalone. The broad distribution pattern of RpTRx-2 mRNA in healthy animal tissues implicates a generally significant function in normal clam physiology. The transcription level of RpTRx-2, however, is highest in hemocytes. Lipopolysaccharide and Vibrio tapetis bacterium caused up-regulation of the RpTrx-2 transcript levels in gill and hemocytes. Interestingly, clam manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA levels in hemocytes elicited a corresponding response to these immune challenges. RpTRx-2 was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and used in insulin disulfide reduction assay as well as metal-catalyzed oxidation assay to elucidate its antioxidant property by reducing substrate and protecting super-coiled DNA from oxidative damage through free radical scavenging, respectively. Collectively, our data indicated that RpTRx-2, a mitochondrial TRx-2 family member, is an antioxidant enzyme that may be involved in antibacterial defense of clams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
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Huang GJ, Deng JS, Chen HJ, Huang SS, Wu CH, Liao JC, Chang SJ, Lin YH. Inhibition of reactive nitrogen species in vitro and ex vivo by thioredoxin h2 from sweet potato ‘Tainong 57’ storage roots. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khan A, Bashir S, Khan SR, Gilani AH. Antiurolithic activity of Origanum vulgare is mediated through multiple pathways. Altern Ther Health Med 2011; 11:96. [PMID: 22004514 PMCID: PMC3222619 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-11-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Origanum vulgare Linn has traditionally been used in the treatment of urolithiasis. Therefore, we investigated the crude extract of Origanum vulgare for possible antiurolithic effect, to rationalize its medicinal use. Methods The crude aqueous-methanolic extract of Origanum vulgare (Ov.Cr) was studied using the in vitro and in vivo methods. In the in vitro experiments, supersaturated solution of calcium and oxalate, kidney epithelial cell lines (MDCK) and urinary bladder of rabbits were used, whereas, in the in vivo studies, rat model of urolithiasis was used for the study of preventive and curative effect. Results In the in vitro experiments, Ov.Cr exhibited a concentration-dependent (0.25-4 mg/ml) inhibitory effect on the slope of nucleation and aggregation and also decreased the number of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals (COM) produced in calcium oxalate metastable solutions. It also showed concentration-dependent antioxidant effect against DPPH free radical and lipid peroxidation induced in rat kidney tissue homogenate. Ov.Cr reduced the cell toxicity using MTT assay and LDH release in renal epithelial cells (MDCK) exposed to oxalate (0.5 mM) and COM (66 μg/cm2) crystals. Ov.Cr relaxed high K+ (80 mM) induced contraction in rabbit urinary bladder strips, and shifted the calcium concentration-response curves (CRCs) towards right with suppression of the maximum response similar to that of verapamil, a standard calcium channel blocker. In male Wistar rats receiving lithogenic treatment comprising of 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water given for 3 weeks along with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) for the first 5 days, Ov.Cr treatment (10-30 mg/kg) prevented as well as reversed toxic changes including loss of body weight, polyurea, crystalluria, oxaluria, raised serum urea and creatinine levels and crystal deposition in kidneys compared to their respective controls. Conclusion These data indicating the antiurolithic activity in Ov.Cr, possibly mediated through inhibition of CaOx crystallization, antioxidant, renal epithelial cell protective and antispasmodic activities, rationalizes its medicinal use in urolithiasis.
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Liao WC, Lai YC, Yuan MC, Hsu YL, Chan CF. Antioxidative activity of water extract of sweet potato leaves in Taiwan. Food Chem 2011; 127:1224-8. [PMID: 25214118 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the preparation of four varieties of water extract from sweet potato leaves from Taiwan, including TNG10, TNG57, TNG66 and YSP, and evaluates their antioxidative activity. The EC50 values (scavenging DPPH radicals) of TNG10, TNG57, TNG66 and YSP were 0.27±0.01, 0.19±0.01, 0.41±0.02, and 0.31±0.02mg/ml, respectively, on a freeze-dry weight basis. The total phenolic contents of these water extracts were in the order: TNG57>TNG10>TNG66>YSP. The TNG10 and TNG57 extracts exhibited better reducing power and scavenging effects of superoxide radicals than did TNG66 and YSP. At a concentration of 1mg/ml, TNG10 and TNG57 significantly protected HaCaT cells from H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. The water extracts of YSP had more flavonoids than had those of TNG66 which may have contributed to their higher activity in many antioxidative assays. These results suggest that the water extracts of all four varieties of sweet potato leaves, and especially TNG10 and TNG57, display potent antioxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne C Liao
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, No. 2, Chia-pu Road, West Sec. Pu-tz, Chia-Yi 613, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Lai
- Department of Agronomy, Chiayi Agricultural Experimental Station, Agriculture Research Institute, No. 2, Min-Chen Road, Chia-Yi 600, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chen Yuan
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hungkuang University, No. 34, Chung-Chie Road, Shalu, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lin Hsu
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hungkuang University, No. 34, Chung-Chie Road, Shalu, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Feng Chan
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hungkuang University, No. 34, Chung-Chie Road, Shalu, Taichung 433, Taiwan.
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Gao F, Zhang H, Wang H, Gao H, Li Z. Comparative transcriptional profiling under drought stress between upland and lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) using cDNA-AFLP. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-009-0524-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tang CH, Wang XS, Yang XQ. Enzymatic hydrolysis of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) protein isolate by various proteases and antioxidant properties of the resulting hydrolysates. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chen CJ, Huang CY, Huang JK, Lin CY, Lin CT. Cloning, expression, and purification of a functional glutathione reductase from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam): kinetic studies and characterization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:4403-4408. [PMID: 19358534 DOI: 10.1021/jf900045p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA encoding a putative glutathione reductase (GR) was cloned from sweet potato (Ib). The deduced protein showed high level of sequence homology with GRs from other plants (79-38%). A three-dimensional (3-D) homology structure was created. The active site Cys residues are conserved in all reported GR. Functional IbGR was overexpressed and purified. The purified enzyme showed an active monomeric form on a 10% native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The monomeric nature of the enzyme was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and molecular mass determination of the native enzyme. The Michaelis constant (K(m)) values for GSSG (glutathione disulfide) and NADPH (β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form) were 0.114 and 0.056 mM, respectively. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Cu(2+) and Zn(2+), but not by Ca(2+). The protein's half-life of deactivation at 70 °C was 3.3 min, and its thermal inactivation rate constant K(d) was 3.48 × 10(-1) min(-1). The enzyme was active in a broad pH range from 6.0 to 11.0 and in the presence of imidazole up to 0.8 M. The native enzyme appeared to be resistant to digestion by trypsin or chymotrypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jen Chen
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center for Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
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Jiang YC, Huang CY, Wen L, Lin CT. Dehydroascorbate reductase cDNA from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam): expression, enzyme properties, and kinetic studies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:3623-3627. [PMID: 18444663 DOI: 10.1021/jf073511e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA encoding a putative dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) was cloned from sweet potato. The deduced protein showed a high level of sequence homology with DHARs from other plants (67 to approximately 81%). Functional sweet potato DHAR was overexpressed and purified. The purified enzyme showed an active monomeric form on a 12% native PAGE. The protein's half-life of deactivation at 50 degrees C was 10.1 min, and its thermal inactivation rate constant K(d) was 6.4 x 10(-2) min(-1). The enzyme was stable in a broad pH range from 6.0-11.0 and in the presence of 0.8 M imidazole. The K(m) values for DHA and GSH were 0.19 and 2.38 mM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Jiang
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center for Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
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Antioxidant properties of ultrafiltration-recovered soy protein fractions from industrial effluents and their hydrolysates. Process Biochem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Huang DJ, Chen HJ, Hou WC, Lin CD, Lin YH. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam ‘Tainong 57’) storage root mucilage with antioxidant activities in vitro. Food Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Initially discovered in the context of photosynthesis, regulation by change in the redox state of thiol groups (S-S <--> 2SH) is now known to occur throughout biology. Several systems, each linking a hydrogen donor to an intermediary disulfide protein, act to effect changes that alter the activity of target proteins: the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system, comprised of reduced ferredoxin, a thioredoxin, and the enzyme, ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase; the NADP/thioredoxin system, including NADPH, a thioredoxin, and NADP-thioredoxin reductase; and the glutathione/glutaredoxin system, composed of reduced glutathione and a glutaredoxin. A related disulfide protein, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) acts in protein assembly. Regulation linked to plastoquinone and signaling induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other agents are also being actively investigated. Progress made on these systems has linked redox to the regulation of an increasing number of processes not only in plants, but in other types of organisms as well. Research in areas currently under exploration promises to provide a fuller understanding of the role redox plays in cellular processes, and to further the application of this knowledge to technology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob B Buchanan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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