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Nagesh CR, Prashat G R, Goswami S, Bharadwaj C, Praveen S, Ramesh SV, Vinutha T. Sulfate transport and metabolism: strategies to improve the seed protein quality. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:242. [PMID: 38300326 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing amino acids (SAA), namely methionine, and cysteine are crucial essential amino acids (EAA) considering the dietary requirements of humans and animals. However, a few crop plants, especially legumes, are characterized with suboptimal levels of these EAA thereby limiting their nutritive value. Hence, improved comprehension of the mechanistic perspective of sulfur transport and assimilation into storage reserve, seed storage protein (SSP), is imperative. Efforts to augment the level of SAA in seed storage protein form an integral component of strategies to balance nutritive quality and quantity. In this review, we highlight the emerging trends in the sulfur biofortification approaches namely transgenics, genetic and molecular breeding, and proteomic rebalancing with sulfur nutrition. The transgenic 'push and pull strategy' could enhance sulfur capture and storage by expressing genes that function as efficient transporters, sulfate assimilatory enzymes, sulfur-rich foreign protein sinks, or by suppressing catabolic enzymes. Modern molecular breeding approaches that adopt high throughput screening strategies and machine learning algorithms are invaluable in identifying candidate genes and alleles associated with SAA content and developing improved crop varieties. Sulfur is an essential plant nutrient and its optimal uptake is crucial for seed sulfur metabolism, thereby affecting seed quality and yields through proteomic rebalance between sulfur-rich and sulfur-poor seed storage proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Nagesh
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Rama Prashat G
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Suneha Goswami
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - C Bharadwaj
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - S V Ramesh
- ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, 671 124, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.
| | - T Vinutha
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Garneau MG, Lu MZ, Grant J, Tegeder M. Role of source-to-sink transport of methionine in establishing seed protein quantity and quality in legumes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2134-2155. [PMID: 34618032 PMCID: PMC8644406 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Grain legumes such as pea (Pisum sativum L.) are highly valued as a staple source of protein for human and animal nutrition. However, their seeds often contain limited amounts of high-quality, sulfur (S) rich proteins, caused by a shortage of the S-amino acids cysteine and methionine. It was hypothesized that legume seed quality is directly linked to the amount of organic S transported from leaves to seeds, and imported into the growing embryo. We expressed a high-affinity yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) methionine/cysteine transporter (Methionine UPtake 1) in both the pea leaf phloem and seed cotyledons and found source-to-sink transport of methionine but not cysteine increased. Changes in methionine phloem loading triggered improvements in S uptake and assimilation and long-distance transport of the S compounds, S-methylmethionine and glutathione. In addition, nitrogen and carbon assimilation and source-to-sink allocation were upregulated, together resulting in increased plant biomass and seed yield. Further, methionine and amino acid delivery to individual seeds and uptake by the cotyledons improved, leading to increased accumulation of storage proteins by up to 23%, due to both higher levels of S-poor and, most importantly, S-rich proteins. Sulfate delivery to the embryo and S assimilation in the cotyledons were also upregulated, further contributing to the improved S-rich storage protein pools and seed quality. Overall, this work demonstrates that methionine transporter function in source and sink tissues presents a bottleneck in S allocation to seeds and that its targeted manipulation is essential for overcoming limitations in the accumulation of high-quality seed storage proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Garneau
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Ming-Zhu Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Jan Grant
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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de Borja Reis AF, Tamagno S, Moro Rosso LH, Ortez OA, Naeve S, Ciampitti IA. Historical trend on seed amino acid concentration does not follow protein changes in soybeans. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17707. [PMID: 33077826 PMCID: PMC7572510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the most important oilseed crop for animal industry due to its high protein concentration and high relative abundance of essential and non-essential amino acids (AAs). However, the selection for high-yielding genotypes has reduced seed protein concentration over time, and little is known about its impact on AAs. The aim of this research was to determine the genetic shifts of seed composition for 18 AAs in 13 soybean genotypes released between 1980 and 2014. Additionally, we tested the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilization on protein and AAs trends. Soybean genotypes were grown in field conditions during two seasons under a control (0 N) and a N-fertilized treatment receiving 670 kg N ha-1. Seed yield increased 50% and protein decreased 1.2% comparing the oldest and newest genotypes. The application of N fertilizer did not significantly affect protein and AAs concentrations. Leucine, proline, cysteine, and tryptophan concentrations were not influenced by genotype. The other AAs concentrations showed linear rates of decrease over time ranging from - 0.021 to - 0.001 g kg-1 year-1. The shifts of 11 AAs (some essentials such as lysine, tryptophan, and threonine) displayed a relative-to-protein increasing concentration. These results provide a quantitative assessment of the trade-off between yield improvement and seed AAs concentrations and will enable future genetic yield gain without overlooking seed nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santiago Tamagno
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Osler A Ortez
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Seth Naeve
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
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Krishnan HB, Kim WS, Oehrle NW, Smith JR, Gillman JD. Effect of Heat Stress on Seed Protein Composition and Ultrastructure of Protein Storage Vacuoles in the Cotyledonary Parenchyma Cells of Soybean Genotypes That Are Either Tolerant or Sensitive to Elevated Temperatures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4775. [PMID: 32635665 PMCID: PMC7370294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High growth temperatures negatively affect soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) yields and seed quality. Soybean plants, heat stressed during seed development, produce seed that exhibit wrinkling, discoloration, poor seed germination, and have an increased potential for incidence of pathogen infection and an overall decrease in economic value. Soybean breeders have identified a heat stress tolerant exotic landrace genotype, which has been used in traditional hybridization to generate experimental genotypes, with improved seed yield and heat tolerance. Here, we have investigated the seed protein composition and ultrastructure of cotyledonary parenchyma cells of soybean genotypes that are either susceptible or tolerant to high growth temperatures. Biochemical analyses of seed proteins isolated from heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive genotypes produced under 28/22 °C (control), 36/24 °C (moderate), and 42/26 °C (extreme) day/night temperatures revealed that the accumulation in soybean seeds of lipoxygenase, the β-subunit of β-conglycinin, sucrose binding protein and Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor were negatively impacted by extreme heat stress in both genotypes, but these effects were less pronounced in the heat-tolerant genotype. Western blot analysis showed elevated accumulation of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP17.6) in both lines in response to elevated temperatures during seed fill. Transmission electron microscopy showed that heat stress caused dramatic structural changes in the storage parenchyma cells. Extreme heat stress disrupted the structure and the membrane integrity of protein storage vacuoles, organelles that accumulate seed storage proteins. The detachment of the plasma membrane from the cell wall (plasmolysis) was commonly observed in the cells of the sensitive line. In contrast, these structural changes were less pronounced in the tolerant genotype, even under extreme heat stress, cells, for the most part, retained their structural integrity. The results of our study demonstrate the contrasting effects of heat stress on the seed protein composition and ultrastructural alterations that contribute to the tolerant genotype's ability to tolerate high temperatures during seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari B. Krishnan
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (N.W.O.); (J.D.G.)
- Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Won-Seok Kim
- Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Nathan W. Oehrle
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (N.W.O.); (J.D.G.)
| | | | - Jason D. Gillman
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (N.W.O.); (J.D.G.)
- Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
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Unravelling the Roles of Nitrogen Nutrition in Plant Disease Defences. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020572. [PMID: 31963138 PMCID: PMC7014335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important elements that has a central impact on plant growth and yield. N is also widely involved in plant stress responses, but its roles in host-pathogen interactions are complex as each affects the other. In this review, we summarize the relationship between N nutrition and plant disease and stress its importance for both host and pathogen. From the perspective of the pathogen, we describe how N can affect the pathogen’s infection strategy, whether necrotrophic or biotrophic. N can influence the deployment of virulence factors such as type III secretion systems in bacterial pathogen or contribute nutrients such as gamma-aminobutyric acid to the invader. Considering the host, the association between N nutrition and plant defence is considered in terms of physical, biochemical and genetic mechanisms. Generally, N has negative effects on physical defences and the production of anti-microbial phytoalexins but positive effects on defence-related enzymes and proteins to affect local defence as well as systemic resistance. N nutrition can also influence defence via amino acid metabolism and hormone production to affect downstream defence-related gene expression via transcriptional regulation and nitric oxide (NO) production, which represents a direct link with N. Although the critical role of N nutrition in plant defences is stressed in this review, further work is urgently needed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how opposing virulence and defence mechanisms are influenced by interacting networks.
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Warsame AO, O'Sullivan DM, Tosi P. Seed Storage Proteins of Faba Bean ( Vicia faba L): Current Status and Prospects for Genetic Improvement. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:12617-12626. [PMID: 30403850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) is one of the foremost candidate crops for simultaneously increasing both sustainability and global supply of plant protein. On a dry matter basis, its seeds contain about 29% protein of which more than 80% consists of globulin storage proteins (vicilin and legumin). However, to achieve optimum utilization of this crop for human and animal nutrition, both protein content and quality have to be improved. Though initial investigations on the heritability of these traits indicated the possibility for genetic improvement, little has been achieved so far, partly due to the lack of genetic information coupled with the complex relationship between protein content and grain yield. This review reports on the current knowledge on Vicia faba seed storage proteins, their structure, composition, and genetic control, and highlights key areas for further improvement of the content and composition of Vicia faba seed storage proteins on the basis of recent advances in Vicia faba genome knowledge and genetic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O Warsame
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading , Reading RG6 6AR , United Kingdom
| | - Donal M O'Sullivan
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading , Reading RG6 6AR , United Kingdom
| | - Paola Tosi
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading , Reading RG6 6AR , United Kingdom
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Assefa Y, Bajjalieh N, Archontoulis S, Casteel S, Davidson D, Kovács P, Naeve S, Ciampitti IA. Spatial Characterization of Soybean Yield and Quality (Amino Acids, Oil, and Protein) for United States. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14653. [PMID: 30279447 PMCID: PMC6168600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32895-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Continued economic relevancy of soybean is a function of seed quality. The objectives of this study were to: (i) assess the spatial association between soybean yield and quality across major US soybean producing regions, (ii) investigate the relationship between protein, oil, and yield with amino acids (AAs) composition, and (iii) study interrelationship among essential AAs in soybean seed. Data from soybean testing programs conducted across 14 US states from 2012 to 2016 period (n = 35,101 data points) were analyzed. Results indicate that for each Mg ha-1 yield increase, protein yield increased by 0.35 Mg protein ha-1 and oil yield improved by 0.20 Mg oil ha-1. Essential AA concentrations exhibit a spatial autocorrelation and there was a negative relationship between concentration of AA, protein, and oil, with latitude. There was a positive interrelationship with different degree of strength among all AAs, and the correlation between Isoleucine and Valine was the strongest (r = 0.93) followed by the correlation among Arginine, Leucine, Lysine, and Threonine (0.71 < r < 0.88). We concluded that the variability in genotype (G) x management (M) x environment (E) across latitudes influencing yield also affected soybean quality; AA, protein, and oil content in a similar manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Assefa
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.
| | - N Bajjalieh
- FIRST Seed Tests, 562 S, Prairie St., Cary, IL, United States
| | - S Archontoulis
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - S Casteel
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - D Davidson
- Illinois Soybean Association, Bloomington, IL, United States
| | - P Kovács
- Department of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - S Naeve
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Ignacio A Ciampitti
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.
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8
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Zhang W, Xu J, Bennetzen JL, Messing J. Teff, an Orphan Cereal in the Chloridoideae, Provides Insights into the Evolution of Storage Proteins in Grasses. Genome Biol Evol 2016; 8:1712-21. [PMID: 27190000 PMCID: PMC4943188 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evw117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed storage proteins (SSP) in cereals provide essential nutrition for humans and animals. Genes encoding these proteins have undergone rapid evolution in different grass species. To better understand the degree of divergence, we analyzed this gene family in the subfamily Chloridoideae, where the genome of teff (Eragrostis tef) has been sequenced. We find gene duplications, deletions, and rapid mutations in protein-coding sequences. The main SSPs in teff, like other grasses, are prolamins, here called eragrostins. Teff has γ- and δ-prolamins, but has no β-prolamins. One δ-type prolamin (δ1) in teff has higher methionine (33%) levels than in maize (23–25%). The other δ-type prolamin (δ2) has reduced methionine residues (<10%) and is phylogenetically closer to α prolamins. Prolamin δ2 in teff represents an intermediate between δ and α types that appears to have been lost in maize and other Panicoideae, and was replaced by the expansion of α-prolamins. Teff also has considerably larger numbers of α-prolamin genes, which we further divide into five sub-groups, where α2 and α5 represent the most abundant α-prolamins both in number and in expression. In addition, indolines that determine kernel softness are present in teff and the panicoid cereal called foxtail millet (Setaria italica) but not in sorghum or maize, indicating that these genes were only recently lost in some members of the Panicoideae. Moreover, this study provides not only information on the evolution of SSPs in the grass family but also the importance of α-globulins in protein aggregation and germplasm divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University
| | - Jianhong Xu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou China
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Cohen H, Pajak A, Pandurangan S, Amir R, Marsolais F. Higher endogenous methionine in transgenic Arabidopsis seeds affects the composition of storage proteins and lipids. Amino Acids 2016; 48:1413-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Natarajan S, Khan F, Song Q, Lakshman S, Cregan P, Scott R, Shipe E, Garrett W. Characterization of Soybean Storage and Allergen Proteins Affected by Environmental and Genetic Factors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1433-45. [PMID: 26807503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information on the influence of genetic and environmental variability on soybean protein composition. This study aimed to determine the role of genotype (G), environments (E), and the interrelationship of genotype and environment (G×E) on soybean seed protein. Three sets of nine soybean genotypes were grown in replicated trials at Maryland, South Carolina, and South Dakota. At each location, the nine genotypes were grown with two planting/sowing dates. We applied two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to study the variability of soybean storage and allergen proteins. Statistical analysis of 47 storage and 8 allergen proteins, in terms of differentially expressed protein spots significant at the p<0.005 level, was performed. We found more spots that showed statistically significant differences in expression among E compared to G and G×E interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savithiry Natarajan
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Farooq Khan
- Department of Plant Science & Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Qijian Song
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Sukla Lakshman
- Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, USDA-ARS , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Perry Cregan
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Roy Scott
- Crop Production and Protection, Oilseeds & Bioscience, USDA-ARS , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
| | - Emerson Shipe
- Clemson University , Department of Entomology, Soils, & Plant Sciences, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Wesley Garrett
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, USDA-ARS , Beltsville, Maryland 20705, United States
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Rayaprolu S, Hettiarachchy N, Horax R, Satchithanandam E, Chen P, Mauromoustakos A. Amino Acid Profiles of 44 Soybean Lines and ACE-I Inhibitory Activities of Peptide Fractions from Selected Lines. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-015-2655-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Pandurangan S, Sandercock M, Beyaert R, Conn KL, Hou A, Marsolais F. Differential response to sulfur nutrition of two common bean genotypes differing in storage protein composition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:92. [PMID: 25750649 PMCID: PMC4335288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that the relatively low concentration of sulfur amino acids in legume seeds might be an ecological adaptation to nutrient poor, marginal soils. SARC1 and SMARC1N-PN1 are genetically related lines of common bean (dry bean, Phaseolus vulgaris) differing in seed storage protein composition. In SMARC1N-PN1, the lack of phaseolin and major lectins is compensated by increased levels of sulfur-rich proteins, resulting in an enhanced concentration of cysteine and methionine, mostly at the expense of the abundant non-protein amino acid, S-methylcysteine. To identify potential effects associated with an increased concentration of sulfur amino acids in the protein pool, the response of the two genotypes to low and high sulfur nutrition was evaluated under controlled conditions. Seed yield was increased by the high sulfate treatment in SMARC1N-PN1. The seed concentrations of sulfur, sulfate, and S-methylcysteine were altered by the sulfur treatment in both genotypes. The concentration of total cysteine and extractible globulins was increased specifically in SMARC1N-PN1. Proteomic analysis identified arcelin-like protein 4, lipoxygenase-3, albumin-2, and alpha amylase inhibitor beta chain as having increased levels under high sulfur conditions. Lipoxygenase-3 accumulation was sensitive to sulfur nutrition only in SMARC1N-PN1. Under field conditions, both SARC1 and SMARC1N-PN1 exhibited a slight increase in yield in response to sulfur treatment, typical for common bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Pandurangan
- Department of Biology, University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada
- Genomics and Biotechnology, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Sandercock
- Cereal Research Centre Morden, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaCanada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Ronald Beyaert
- Genomics and Biotechnology, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth L. Conn
- Genomics and Biotechnology, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anfu Hou
- Cereal Research Centre Morden, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaCanada, Morden, MB, Canada
| | - Frédéric Marsolais
- Department of Biology, University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada
- Genomics and Biotechnology, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
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Zilić SM, Barać MB, Pesić MB, Mladenović Drinić SD, Ignjatović-Micić DD, Srebrić MB. Characterization of proteins from kernel of different soybean varieties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:60-7. [PMID: 20812371 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total soybean proteins, storage proteins, glycinin (11S) and β-conglycinin (7S) fractions and their respective subunits in seven soybean varieties were analyzed. In this work we also present the correlation between concentration and activity of bioactive proteins, lipoxygenase and proteinase inhibitors. RESULTS Glycinin and β-conglycinin comprise about 750 g kg(-1) of the bean storage protein and as such account for both quantity and quality of the kernel protein. The 11S concentration of the varieties studied ranged from 503.4 to 602.9 g kg(-1) and those of 7S varied from 178.2 to 230.6 g kg(-1) of total extractable proteins. The ratio of 11S/7S proteins varied from 2.43 to 3.29 among the varieties. A very strong positive correlation was found between the concentration of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and activity of total trypsin inhibitor (r = 0.96). However, lipoxygenase concentration did not show a strong correlation with lipoxygenase activity. CONCLUSION It appears that among the seven ZP soybean genotypes there are genotypes with different amounts of subunits that should be bred in the future for a desired level of protein components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sladana M Zilić
- Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, Department of Technology, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia.
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Novák-Hajós M, Szamos J, Gasztonyi M, Hajós G. Characterization of 2-propanol soluble seed proteins in mutant soybean (Glycine max[L.] Merr.) lines. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.39.2010.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Effects of intercropping, Bradyrhizobium inoculation and chicken manure fertilisation on the chemical composition and physical characteristics of soybean seed. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Ohe M, Scoccianti V, Bagni N, Tassoni A, Matsuzaki S. Putative occurrence of lysine decarboxylase isoforms in soybean (Glycine max) seedlings. Amino Acids 2009; 36:65-70. [PMID: 18227970 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The activity of lysine decarboxylase was studied in 3-day-old soybean (Glycine max (L.) Meer cv. Sakai) seedlings also in relation to light conditions. Lysine decarboxylase activity was mainly localized in the roots and to a lesser extent in the hypocotyls and was detectable in both the soluble and particulate fractions. The enzyme activity levels were similar during germination under light and dark conditions. With respect to lysine concentration, the initial decarboxylation rate of the soluble fraction showed a saturating curve. Conversely, the initial decarboxylation rate of the particulate fraction showed a sigmoidal curve. These results could suggest that at least two isoforms of lysine decarboxylase are present in different organs of soybean seedlings. In the root soluble fraction, the suicide inhibitor alpha-difluoromethyl-lysine suppressed the activity of lysine decarboxylase and of ornithine decarboxylase to the same extent, but had no effect on arginine decarboxylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ohe
- Department of Biochemistry, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
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Krishnan HB. Preparative procedures markedly influence the appearance and structural integrity of protein storage vacuoles in soybean seeds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:2907-12. [PMID: 18410116 DOI: 10.1021/jf0735228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In legumes, vacuoles serve as the final depository for storage proteins. The protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) of soybean contain electron-transparent globoid regions in which phytic acid ( myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate) is sequestered. This paper reports the effect of preparative procedures on the appearance and ultrastructural integrity of PSVs in soybeans. Electron microscopy examination of both developing and mature soybean seeds that were postfixed with osmium tetroxide revealed PSVs that had a homogeneous appearance with very few globoid crystals dispersed in them. Numerous electron-dense lipid bodies were readily seen in these cells. Omission of osmium tetroxide strikingly altered the appearance of PSVs and aided the visualization of the location of the globoids in the PSVs. In contrast to the osmicated tissue, lipid bodies appeared as electron-transparent spheres. The choice of dehydration reagent or staining procedure had little influence on the appearance of the PSVs. The results of this study demonstrate the profound effect of osmium tetroxide on the appearance and structural integrity of PSVs in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari B Krishnan
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
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Protein quality and identification of the storage protein subunits of tofu and null soybean genotypes, using amino acid analysis, one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and tandem mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2006.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zarkadas CG, Gagnon C, Gleddie S, Khanizadeh S, Cober ER, Guillemette RJ. Assessment of the protein quality of fourteen soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars using amino acid analysis and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Food Res Int 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2006.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Differential accumulation of sulfur-rich and sulfur-poor wheat flour proteins is affected by temperature and mineral nutrition during grain development. J Cereal Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2006.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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