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Becker YLC, Duvvuri B, Fortin PR, Lood C, Boilard E. The role of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:621-640. [PMID: 36175664 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00834-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is an intracellular organelle thought to originate from endosymbiosis between an ancestral eukaryotic cell and an α-proteobacterium. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, and can control several important processes within the cell, such as cell death. Conversely, dysregulation of mitochondria possibly contributes to the pathophysiology of several autoimmune diseases. Defects in mitochondria can be caused by mutations in the mitochondrial genome or by chronic exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines, including type I interferons. Following the release of intact mitochondria or mitochondrial components into the cytosol or the extracellular space, the bacteria-like molecular motifs of mitochondria can elicit pro-inflammatory responses by the innate immune system. Moreover, antibodies can target mitochondria in autoimmune diseases, suggesting an interplay between the adaptive immune system and mitochondria. In this Review, we discuss the roles of mitochondria in rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. An understanding of the different contributions of mitochondria to distinct rheumatic diseases or manifestations could permit the development of novel therapeutic strategies and the use of mitochondria-derived biomarkers to inform pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann L C Becker
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Bhargavi Duvvuri
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Lood
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche ARThrite-Arthrite, Recherche et Traitements, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Québec, QC, Canada.
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Li S, Yang L, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Shao J, Liu X, Li Y, Piao F. Taurine Ameliorates Arsenic-Induced Apoptosis in the Hippocampus of Mice Through Intrinsic Pathway. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 1:183-192. [PMID: 28849454 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our group previously reported that arsenic (As) exposure induced apoptosis in hippocampus neurons. The aim of the present study was to clarify the protective capacity of taurine (Tau) on As-induced neuronal apoptosis and the related mechanism in mouse hippocampus. Mice were divided into: control group, Tau control group, As exposure group and Tau protective group, randomly. The apoptotic rate of mouse hippocampus was determined by TUNEL staining. The levels of Bcl-2 and Bax gene and protein were analyzed by real time RT-PCR and WB, respectively. Furthermore, cytochrome c (Cyt C) release, and the activity of caspase-8 and caspase-3 were also determined. The results showed that Tau treatment induced the decrease of TUNEL-positive cells, prohibited the disturbance of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and inhibited Cyt C release and caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation significantly. The results indicated that Tau supplement markedly ameliorates As-induced apoptosis by mitochondria-related pathway in mouse hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyue Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Xunyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xunyi, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yachen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fengyuan Piao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Kim YS, Kim EK, Hwang JW, Kim WS, Shin WB, Natarajan SB, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Taurine Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity on B16F10 Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 2:1179-1190. [PMID: 28849532 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of doxorubicin co-treatment with taurine on B16F10 melanoma cells. Frequently, Doxorubicin is used in the treatments of many different kinds of cancers, some of which are soft tissue sarcomas, hematological malignancies and carcinomas. However, the clinical application of doxorubicin is compromised by its severe adverse effects, including cardiotoxicity. In the present study, the efficacy of doxorubicin co-treatment with taurine was investigated. B16F10 cell viability was evaluated using MTT assays, trypan blue dye exclusion assays, and fluorescent staining technique. Apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry and the proteins associated with apoptosis and cellular differentiations were assessed by immunoblotting. Doxorubicin inhibited cell growth and induced cell death in B16F10 cells. Interestingly, doxorubicin co-treatment with taurine inhibited apoptosis in B16F10 cells. These results indicate that doxorubicin co-treatment with taurine attenuates doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity and reduces ROS production in B16F10 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yon-Suk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
- Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bio Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Won-Suk Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Silla University, Busan, 46958, South Korea
| | - Woen-Bin Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | | | - Sang-Ho Moon
- Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Byong-Tae Jeon
- Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea
| | - Pyo-Jam Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea.
- Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, South Korea.
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Effects of oral Lactobacillus administration on antioxidant activities and CD4+CD25+forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ T cells in NZB/W F1 mice. Br J Nutr 2017; 118:333-342. [PMID: 28901888 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517002112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that is characterised by a dysregulation of the immune system, which causes inflammation responses, excessive oxidative stress and a reduction in the number of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+CD25+forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ T cells. Supplementation with certain Lactobacillus strains has been suggested to be beneficial in the comprehensive treatment of SLE. However, little is known about the effect and mechanism of certain Lactobacillus strains on SLE. To investigate the effects of Lactobacillus on SLE, NZB/W F1 mice were orally gavaged with Lactobacillus paracasei GMNL-32 (GMNL-32), Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-89 (GMNL-89) and L. reuteri GMNL-263 (GMNL-263). Supplementation with GMNL-32, GMNL-89 and GMNL-263 significantly increased antioxidant activity, reduced IL-6 and TNF-α levels and significantly decreased the toll-like receptors/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 signalling in NZB/W F1 mice. Notably, supplementation with GMNL-263, but not GMNL-32 and GMNL-89, in NZB/W F1 mice significantly increased the differentiation of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells. These findings reveal beneficial effects of GMNL-32, GMNL-89 and GMNL-263 on NZB/W F1 mice and suggest that these specific Lactobacillus strains can be used as part of a comprehensive treatment of SLE patients.
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Liu CL, Watson AM, Place AR, Jagus R. Taurine Biosynthesis in a Fish Liver Cell Line (ZFL) Adapted to a Serum-Free Medium. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15060147. [PMID: 28587087 PMCID: PMC5484097 DOI: 10.3390/md15060147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although taurine has been shown to play multiple important physiological roles in teleosts, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying dietary requirements. Cell lines can provide useful tools for deciphering biosynthetic pathways and their regulation. However, culture media and sera contain variable taurine levels. To provide a useful cell line for the investigation of taurine homeostasis, an adult zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL) has been adapted to a taurine-free medium by gradual accommodation to a commercially available synthetic medium, UltraMEM™-ITES. Here we show that ZFL cells are able to synthesize taurine and be maintained in medium without taurine. This has allowed for the investigation of the effects of taurine supplementation on cell growth, cellular amino acid pools, as well as the expression of the taurine biosynthetic pathway and taurine transporter genes in a defined fish cell type. After taurine supplementation, cellular taurine levels increase but hypotaurine levels stay constant, suggesting little suppression of taurine biosynthesis. Cellular methionine levels do not change after taurine addition, consistent with maintenance of taurine biosynthesis. The addition of taurine to cells grown in taurine-free medium has little effect on transcript levels of the biosynthetic pathway genes for cysteine dioxygenase (CDO), cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSAD), or cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO). In contrast, supplementation with taurine causes a 30% reduction in transcript levels of the taurine transporter, TauT. This experimental approach can be tailored for the development of cell lines from aquaculture species for the elucidation of their taurine biosynthetic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Lun Liu
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
| | - Aaron M Watson
- Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
| | - Allen R Place
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
| | - Rosemary Jagus
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
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Abstract
AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease characterised by multiple organ involvement and a large number of complications. SLE management remains complicated owing to the biological heterogeneity between patients and the lack of safe and specific targeted therapies. There is evidence that dietary factors can contribute to the geoepidemiology of autoimmune diseases such as SLE. Thus, diet therapy could be a promising approach in SLE owing to both its potential prophylactic effects, without the side effects of classical pharmacology, and its contribution to reducing co-morbidities and improving quality of life in patients with SLE. However, the question arises as to whether nutrients could ameliorate or exacerbate SLE and how they could modulate inflammation and immune function at a molecular level. The present review summarises preclinical and clinical experiences to provide the reader with an update of the positive and negative aspects of macro- and micronutrients and other nutritional factors, including dietary phenols, on SLE, focusing on the mechanisms of action involved.
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Chen HA, Chiu CC, Huang CY, Chen LJ, Tsai CC, Hsu TC, Tzang BS. Lactoferrin Increases Antioxidant Activities and Ameliorates Hepatic Fibrosis in Lupus-Prone Mice Fed with a High-Cholesterol Diet. J Med Food 2016; 19:670-7. [PMID: 27332506 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) has beneficial effects against various diseases. However, the effects of LF on liver fibrosis in systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are unknown. In this study, NZB/W F1 mice were utilized to investigate the effects of LF on SLE. Experiments reveal that LF significantly increases glutathione and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl levels and significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels in both serum and liver in NZB/W F1 mice. LF also lowered matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and liver inflammatory indices, such as aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Notably, significantly decreased expression of fibrotic related molecules, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and TGF-β1 receptor, were observed in the livers of NZB/W F1 mice that had been treated with LF. Significantly, suppressed Smad2/3 signaling, α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen deposition were also detected. These findings reveal that LF has beneficial effects on SLE by increasing antioxidant activities and ameliorating liver inflammation and fibrosis, suggesting the therapeutic effectiveness of LF against SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-An Chen
- 1 Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Chiu
- 2 Department of Neurology, Chunghua Christian Hospital , Chunghua, Taiwan .,3 Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Chunghua Christian Hospital , Chunghua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- 4 Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan .,5 Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan .,6 Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jeng Chen
- 7 Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chou Tsai
- 7 Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ching Hsu
- 7 Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan .,Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan .,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Show Tzang
- 7 Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan .,Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan .,9 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan .,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Krishnan TR, Velusamy P, Mangaiah S, Srinivasan A, Vadivel SK, Murugaiyan U, Periandavan K. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate restores the Bcl-2 expression in liver of young rats challenged with hypercholesterolemia but not in aged rats: an insight into its disparity of efficacy on advancing age. Food Funct 2014; 5:916-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60345h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hsu TC, Tsai CC, Chiu CC, Hsu JD, Tzang BS. Exacerbating effects of human parvovirus B19 NS1 on liver fibrosis in NZB/W F1 mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68393. [PMID: 23840852 PMCID: PMC3695896 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with unknown etiology that impacts various organs including liver. Recently, human parvovirus B19 (B19) is recognized to exacerbate SLE. However, the effects of B19 on liver in SLE are still unclear. Herein we aimed to investigate the effects of B19 on liver in NZB/W F1 mice by injecting subcutaneously with PBS, recombinant B19 NS1, VP1u or VP2, respectively. Our experimental results revealed that B19 NS1 protein significantly enhanced the TGF-β/Smad fibrotic signaling by increasing the expressions of TGF-β, Smad2/3, phosphorylated Smad2/3, Smad4 and Sp1. The consequent fibrosis-related proteins, PAI-1 and α-SMA, were also significantly induced in livers of NZB/W F1 mice receiving B19 NS1 protein. Accordingly, markedly increased collagen deposition was also observed in livers of NZB/W F1 mice receiving B19 NS1 protein. However, no significant difference was observed in livers of NZB/W F1 mice receiving B19 VP1u or VP2 as compared to the controls. These findings indicate that B19 NS1 plays a crucial role in exacerbating liver fibrosis in NZB/W F1 mice through enhancing the TGF-â/Smad fibrotic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Ching Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chou Tsai
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Chiu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, Chunghua Christian Hospital, Chunghua, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Dong Hsu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Show Tzang
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Tzang BS, Hsu TC, Chen TY, Huang CY, Li SL, Kao SH. Cystamine ameliorates ventricular hypertrophy associated with modulation of IL-6-mediated signaling in lupus-prone mice. Life Sci 2013; 92:719-26. [PMID: 23399703 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of cystamine on lupus-associated cardiac hypertrophy. MAIN METHODS Balb/c and lupus-prone NZB/W-F1 mice were individually randomized into sham group (saline, n=16) and cystamine group (n=16). Mice received saline or cystamine (100 mmol in 100 μL saline) by daily intraperitoneal injection for 2 consecutive weeks. Morphological, histological, and biochemical alterations were investigated. KEY FINDINGS Cystamine decreased both left ventricular (LV) mass and LV mass/tissue-to-blood ratio (TBR) in NZB/W-F1 mice (p<0.05), whereas slight effects were observed in Balb/c mice. Moreover, cystamine reduced levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), C-reactive protein (CRP), heart type-fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and IL-6 in LV tissues of NZB/W-F1 mice (p<0.05). Additionally, in LV tissues of NZB/W-F1 mice, suppression of hypertrophic signaling mediated by IL-6 in response to administration of cystamine was revealed, including phosphorylation of MEK5, ERK5, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Cystamine alleviated LV hypertrophy in NZB/W-F1 mice as a result of decrease in hypertrophic mediators and suppression of IL-6 mediated hypertrophic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Show Tzang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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High dietary fat promotes visceral obesity and impaired endothelial function in female mice with systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 8:150-5. [PMID: 21536233 DOI: 10.1016/j.genm.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation contributes to metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that predominantly affects young women. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality in patients with SLE. We recently reported that a model of SLE (female New Zealand Black/White F1 [NZBWF1] mice) developed characteristics of the metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that high dietary fat with SLE accelerated development of cardiovascular risk factors such as central obesity and vascular dysfunction. METHODS Twenty-four-week-old female SLE mice (NZBWF1) were fed either a control diet (SLE, 10% kcal) or a high-fat (HF) diet (SLE + HF, 45% kcal) for a total of 14 weeks. RESULTS Body weight was similar between SLE (42 [1] g, n = 5) and SLE + HF (45 [2] g, n = 6) mice, and weight gain was not different in the SLE + HF mice (+18.0 [3.0]%) compared with controls (+15.8 [3.6]%); food intake was not different (SLE, 2.2 [0.3] vs SLE + HF, 2.1 [0.2] g/24 hours). At the end of the experiment, 57% of the SLE + HF mice exhibited signs of albuminuria (>100 mg/dL) compared with only 20% of the control SLE mice. Endothelial-dependent relaxation in isolated carotid arteries was impaired in the SLE + HF group compared with that in the SLE group. Ovarian fat increased in SLE + HF mice (6.6 [0.5] g) compared with that in the control SLE mice (5.4 [0.1] g, P < 0.05), and liver weight decreased in SLE + HF (1.6 [0.1] g) mice compared with that in control mice (1.9 [0.1] g, P < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that dietary fat accelerates renal injury and peripheral vascular dysfunction and promotes visceral obesity in a disease model with chronic inflammation.
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Das J, Ghosh J, Manna P, Sil PC. Taurine suppresses doxorubicin-triggered oxidative stress and cardiac apoptosis in rat via up-regulation of PI3-K/Akt and inhibition of p53, p38-JNK. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 81:891-909. [PMID: 21295553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the signaling mechanisms involved in the beneficial role of taurine against doxorubicin-induced cardiac oxidative stress. Male rats were administered doxorubicin. Hearts were collected 3 weeks after the last dose of doxorubicin and were analyzed. Doxorubicin administration retarded the growth of the body and the heart and caused injury in the cardiac tissue because of increased oxidative stress. Similar experiments with doxorubicin showed reduced cell viability, increased ROS generation, intracellular Ca(2+) and DNA fragmentation, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptotic cell death in primary cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Signal transduction studies showed that doxorubicin increased p53, JNK, p38 and NFκB phosphorylation; decreased the levels of phospho ERK and Akt; disturbed the Bcl-2 family protein balance; activated caspase 12, caspase 9 and caspase 3; and induced cleavage of the PARP protein. However, taurine treatment or cardiomyocyte incubation with taurine suppressed all of the adverse effects of doxorubicin. Studies with several inhibitors, including PS-1145 (an IKK inhibitor), SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor), SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor) and LY294002 (a PI3-K/Akt inhibitor), demonstrated that the mechanism of taurine-induced cardio protection involves activation of specific survival signals and PI3-K/Akt as well as the inhibition of p53, JNK, p38 and NFκB. These novel findings suggest that taurine might have clinical implications for the prevention of doxorubicin-induced cardiac oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Das
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Chang YY, Chou CH, Chiu CH, Yang KT, Lin YL, Weng WL, Chen YC. Preventive effects of taurine on development of hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat/cholesterol dietary habit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:450-457. [PMID: 21126079 DOI: 10.1021/jf103167u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is also called hepatic steatosis and has become an emergent liver disease in developed and developing nations. This study was to exam the preventive effects of taurine (Tau) on the development of hepatic steatosis via a hamster model. Although hepatic steatosis of hamsters was induced by feeding a high-fat/cholesterol diet, drinking water containing 0.35 and 0.7% Tau improved (p < 0.05) the serum lipid profile. Meanwhile, the smaller (p < 0.05) liver sizes and lower (p < 0.05) hepatic lipids in high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters drinking Tau may be partially due to higher (p < 0.05) fecal cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and bile acid outputs. In the regulation of lipid homeostasis, drinking a Tau solution upregulated (p < 0.05) low-density lipoprotein receptor and CYP7A1 gene expressions in high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters, which result in increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid outputs. Drinking a Tau solution also upregulated (p < 0.05) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) and uncoupling protein 2 (UPC2) gene expressions in high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters, thus increasing energy expenditure. Besides, Tau also enhanced (p < 0.05) liver antioxidant capacities (GSH, TEAC, SOD, and CAT) and decreased (p < 0.05) lipid peroxidation (MDA), which alleviated liver damage in the high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters. Therefore, Tau shows preventive effects on the development of hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat/cholesterol dietary habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yen Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Protective effects of taurine against hepatic abnormality in NZB/W F1 mice fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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