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Yaduvanshi PS, Palika R, Pullakhandam R. A Fluorometric Method for Zinc Estimation: Applications in the Estimation of Plasma Zinc and in Assessing Zinc Bioaccessibility from Rice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04277-3. [PMID: 38922542 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Sensitive and precise methods for the estimation of zinc (Zn) in biological fluids and foods are important tools in understanding the various aspects related to Zn nutrition. Estimation of serum/plasma Zn was suggested for assessing the population Zn status while assessing the bioaccessible Zn following simulated gastrointestinal digestion of crop varieties such as rice helps in ranking the crops. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are widely used for Zn estimation. Zinquin, a Zn fluorophore, has been used for the localization of cellular Zn and labile Zn pools in biological fluids with extremely high sensitivity. However, it was not tested for its use in Zn estimation in serum/plasma or in assessing the Zn bioaccessibility from foods. In the current study, we demonstrate a sensitive method for Zn estimation in human plasma and validate it against the reference method (AAS) by comparing the paired measurements on the same samples. The method-related bias between zinquin with AAS was negligible (0.48 µg/dL), and the precision (CV) of the assay was < 5% across different Zn concentrations. In addition, we also demonstrated the utility of zinquin assay in estimating the bioaccessibility of Zn from rice varieties and showed that the method is again comparable to AAS. The zinquin method is capable of discriminating the differences in zinc bioaccessibility between polished and unpolished rice varieties. In the context of required low plasma volume (100 µL Vs 400 µL), excellent comparability of the results with the reference method and analytical simplicity could be particularly useful.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravindranadh Palika
- Drug Safety Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Raghu Pullakhandam
- Drug Safety Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai Osmania, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
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2
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Ciaramellano F, Scipioni L, Belà B, Pignataro G, Giacovazzo G, Angelucci CB, Giacominelli-Stuffler R, Gramenzi A, Oddi S. Combination of Hydrolysable Tannins and Zinc Oxide on Enterocyte Functionality: In Vitro Insights. Biomolecules 2024; 14:666. [PMID: 38927069 PMCID: PMC11201419 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The management of gastrointestinal disease in animals represents a significant challenge in veterinary and zootechnic practice. Traditionally, acute symptoms have been treated with antibiotics and high doses of zinc oxide (ZnO). However, concerns have been raised regarding the potential for microbial resistance and ecological detriment due to the excessive application of this compound. These concerns highlight the urgency of minimizing the use of ZnO and exploring sustainable nutritional solutions. Hydrolysable tannins (HTs), which are known for their role in traditional medicine for acute gastrointestinal issues, have emerged as a promising alternative. This study examined the combined effect of food-grade HTs and subtherapeutic ZnO concentration on relevant biological functions of Caco-2 cells, a widely used model of the intestinal epithelial barrier. We found that, when used together, ZnO and HTs (ZnO/HTs) enhanced tissue repair and improved epithelial barrier function, normalizing the expression and functional organization of tight junction proteins. Finally, the ZnO/HTs combination strengthened enterocytes' defense against oxidative stress induced by inflammation stimuli. In conclusion, combining ZnO and HTs may offer a suitable and practical approach for decreasing ZnO levels in veterinary nutritional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ciaramellano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy (G.P.)
- European Center for Brain Research (CERC), Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lucia Scipioni
- European Center for Brain Research (CERC), Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio Snc, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Benedetta Belà
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy (G.P.)
| | - Giulia Pignataro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy (G.P.)
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy (G.P.)
| | | | | | - Alessandro Gramenzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy (G.P.)
| | - Sergio Oddi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy (G.P.)
- European Center for Brain Research (CERC), Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy;
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3
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Zhi K, Dong W, Du Y, Tuo T, Wei J, Song S, Cui J, Zhang J. Novel and safe debranched starch-zinc complexes with endoconcave structure as zinc supplements. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121826. [PMID: 38368105 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Zinc deficiency is a serious risk to human health and growth, especially in children. The development of zinc supplements can effectively reduce this harm. Here, a series of debranched starch‑zinc complexes (DS-Zn) were prepared, whose zinc complexation was inversely proportional to the amylopectin content in the debranched starch (DS). The physicochemical properties of DS-Zn were characterized using the conductivity, XRD, iodine staining and thermogravimetry. Combined with XPS, solid-state 13C NMR and IR, it was elucidated that the structure of DS-Zn is endoconcave structure with 2-O and 3-O of DS on the inner side and 6-O of DS on the outer side, where zinc is located. The DS-Zn exhibits good biosafety including blood, cellular and mutagenicity. In vitro simulations of digestion and zinc-deficient cellular models showed that DS-Zn was more tolerant to the gastrointestinal environment and more effective in zinc supplementation (increased by 33 %) than inorganic zinc supplements. Utilizing the compressibility of starch, DS-Zn was prepared as a more palatable oral cartoon tablet for children. This study will provide important support to advance the development and application of novel starch-based zinc nutritional supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Zhi
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Wenhui Dong
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Yanjing Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tongtong Tuo
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Junqing Wei
- Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Shen Song
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China; Institute of New Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
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4
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Jha SK, Mishra VK, Damodaran T, Singh AK, Sharma PC, Sharma DK, Ojha D, Singh YP. Conservation Tillage and Waste Crop Residue Based Zinc Fortification in Rice and Wheat under Reclaimed Sodic Soils: Progress toward Nutrient Circularity and Sustainability. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2853-2863. [PMID: 36744760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nearly 50% of the population across the globe is at risk of malnutrition with respect to zinc (Zn) in areas where a cereal based dietary system dominates. The present study estimated daily Zn intake in humans through field experiments in reclaimed sodic soil, utilizing waste crop residue (CR) in conservation tillage where CR played a vital role in enhancing Zn uptake in rice and wheat grains. Zn dynamics, its bioavailability, interaction with soil properties, and plausible contribution in dietary intake were studied extensively to supplement the research. A higher mobility factor (2.70%) and plant available Zn resulted in its higher uptake in rice (58.2 mg kg-1) and wheat (67.2 mg kg-1) under zero tillage in rice followed by zero tillage in wheat where CR was retained on the surface (ZTR-ZTW+CR). Daily Zn intake was found to be maximum (0.651 mg kg-1 day-1) under ZTR-ZTW+CR, demonstrating zinc sufficiency. Thus, this study may help in formulating actionable policies for combating both nutritional security and environmental hazards due to CR burning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Jha
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Mishra
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- ICAR-Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam793103, Meghalaya, India
| | - Thukkaram Damodaran
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar Sharma
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Ojha
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yash Pal Singh
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zinc Fortification: Current Trends and Strategies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193895. [PMID: 36235548 PMCID: PMC9572300 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc, through its structural and cofactor roles, affects a broad range of critical physiological functions, including growth, metabolism, immune and neurological functions. Zinc deficiency is widespread among populations around the world, and it may, therefore, underlie much of the global burden of malnutrition. Current zinc fortification strategies include biofortification and fortification with zinc salts with a primary focus on staple foods, such as wheat or rice and their products. However, zinc fortification presents unique challenges. Due to the influences of phytate and protein on zinc absorption, successful zinc fortification strategies should consider the impact on zinc bioavailability in the whole diet. When zinc is absorbed with food, shifts in plasma zinc concentrations are minor. However, co-absorbing zinc with food may preferentially direct zinc to cellular compartments where zinc-dependent metabolic processes primarily occur. Although the current lack of sensitive biomarkers of zinc nutritional status reduces the capacity to assess the impact of fortifying foods with zinc, new approaches for assessing zinc utilization are increasing. In this article, we review the tools available for assessing bioavailable zinc, approaches for evaluating the zinc nutritional status of populations consuming zinc fortified foods, and recent trends in fortification strategies to increase zinc absorption.
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A terpyridine-based chemosensor for detection transition metal ions in aqueous solution: Synthesis and characterization. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Qiao F, Yu X, Tie S, Chen Y, Hou S, Tan M. Zinc delivery system constructed from food-borne nanoparticles derived from Undaria pinnatifida. Food Funct 2021; 12:8626-8634. [PMID: 34346455 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01852c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Food-borne nanoparticles from Undaria pinnatifida (UPFNs) were prepared and successfully applied as nanocarriers for microelement zinc delivery. UPFNs were spherical nanoparticles with average sizes of about 4.07 ± 1.09 nm, which chelated with zinc ions through amino nitrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms as characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the overall chelation process between UPFNs and zinc ions was a spontaneous enthalpy-driven endothermic reaction. Compared to zinc sulfate, UPFN-Zn2+ showed higher solubility both in phytic acid solution and the process of gastrointestinal digestion. Meanwhile, no obvious cytotoxicity was found in UPFNs and UPFN-Zn2+. Specifically, UPFN-Zn2+ could successfully rescue cell viability, DNA replication activity and restore cell proliferation ability in zinc-deficient cells induced by a specific zinc chelator TPEN. Overall, UPFNs might serve as efficient, stable, and safe nanocarriers for zinc delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Qiao
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Shanshan Tie
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yannan Chen
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
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Wang Y, Meng Y, Ma Y, Liu L, Wu D, Shu X, Pan L, Lai Q. Combination of High Zn Density and Low Phytic Acid for Improving Zn Bioavailability in Rice (Oryza stavia L.) Grain. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:23. [PMID: 33638799 PMCID: PMC7914331 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00465-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zn deficiency is one of the leading public health problems in the world. Staple food crop, such as rice, cannot provide enough Zn to meet the daily dietary requirement because Zn in grain would chelate with phytic acid, which resulted in low Zn bioavailability. Breeding new rice varieties with high Zn bioavailability will be an effective, economic and sustainable strategy to alleviate human Zn deficiency. RESULTS The high Zn density mutant LLZ was crossed with the low phytic acid mutant Os-lpa-XS110-1, and the contents of Zn and phytic acid in the brown rice were determined for the resulting progenies grown at different sites. Among the hybrid progenies, the double mutant always displayed significantly higher Zn content and lower phytic acid content in grain, leading to the lowest molar ratio of phytic acid to Zn under all environments. As assessed by in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model, the double mutant contained the relatively high content of bioavailable Zn in brown rice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested pyramiding breeding by a combination of high Zn density and low phytic acid is a practical and useful approach to improve Zn bioavailability in rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Yusha Meng
- Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Dianxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Nuclear Agriculture Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Liqing Pan
- Yuyao County Agricultural Techniques Promotion and Service Station, Yuyao Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Ningbo, 315400, China
| | - Qixian Lai
- Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Creative Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310021, China
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Jyrwa YW, Palika R, Boddula S, Boiroju NK, Madhari R, Pullakhandam R, Thingnganing L. Retention, stability, iron bioavailability and sensory evaluation of extruded rice fortified with iron, folic acid and vitamin B 12. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16 Suppl 3:e12932. [PMID: 33347722 PMCID: PMC7752130 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fortification of rice with micronutrients using extrusion technology is considered a sustainable strategy to prevent nutritional deficiencies in general population. The objective of the present study is to assess the retention, stability and iron bioavailability from indigenously developed triple fortified rice (iron, folic acid and vitamin B12 ) during rinsing and different cooking methods. Further, we also assessed the acceptability of fortified rice in adult human volunteers. The retention of iron during rinsing with excess water was ≥90%, whereas folic acid and vitamin B12 levels were reduced by ~25% during rinsing. Watertight cooking of rice (in electric cooker or on flame) had no additional effect on the nutrient levels as compared with rinsed rice, implying their stability during cooking. However, cooking with excess water followed by decanting led to loss of 45% iron and ≥70% folic acid and vitamin B12 . The dialyzable iron and ferritin synthesis in Caco-2 cells was significantly (P < .01) higher from fortified rice compared with unfortified rice. In addition, inclusion of ascorbic acid significantly (P < .01) increased the iron bioavailability from the fortified rice. Triangle tests in adult human subjects revealed that there are no significant sensory differences among fortified and unfortified rice. Further, fortified rice consumption appears to bridge the gaps in dietary iron intake deficits in children and women of reproductive age. These results suggest that the iron-, folic acid- and vitamin B12 -fortified rice has higher retention and stability of fortified nutrients and is acceptable for consumption in adult human volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Wilda Jyrwa
- Micronutrient Research Group, Biochemistry DivisionNational Institute of NutritionHyderabadIndia
| | - Ravindranadh Palika
- Micronutrient Research Group, Biochemistry DivisionNational Institute of NutritionHyderabadIndia
| | - Swetha Boddula
- Clinical DivisionNational Institute of NutritionHyderabadIndia
| | | | - Radhika Madhari
- Clinical DivisionNational Institute of NutritionHyderabadIndia
| | - Raghu Pullakhandam
- Micronutrient Research Group, Biochemistry DivisionNational Institute of NutritionHyderabadIndia
| | - Longvah Thingnganing
- Food Chemistry DivisionNational Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical ResearchHyderabadIndia
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Biological Application of a Fluorescent Zinc Sensing Probe for the Analysis of Zinc Bioavailability Using Caco-2 Cells as an In-Vitro Cellular Model. J Fluoresc 2020; 30:1553-1565. [PMID: 32946027 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02608-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is essential for growth and development of all living organisms, especially human being. Deficiency of micronutrients like zinc and iron has been linked to the manifestation of hidden hunger. Therefore, it is imperative that development of some rapid screening method for bioavailable zinc in various crops and food commodities would be an essential addition in battle against zinc deficiency related hidden hunger. One such method could be the usage of fluorescence based zinc ion sensing probe which would be robust and convenient for estimating bioavailable zinc. To address this issue, NBD-TPEA, a highly sensitive zinc ion sensing probe, have been used in this study towards the development of a novel fluorescence based approach for the analysis of zinc bioavailability in Caco-2 cells as an in-vitro cellular model. The use of this probe showed dose dependent sensitivity towards increasing concentrations of zinc ion uptake by Caco-2 cells. It also showed specificity for zinc ion uptake as compared to other metal ions in-vitro. These observations correlated extremely well with zinc uptake analysis by cell imaging and conventional analytical technique like, ICP-MS. The developed assay was then tested in mushroom and some selected biofortified derivatives of wheat for determining the levels of their bioavailable zinc using Caco-2 cells. The data as obtained with these food samples in our developed bioassay correlated well with the other sophisticated analytical techniques thus validating our cell based assay. Hence, the developed assay could serve as a simple but sensitive tool for determining bioavailable zinc in various food samples.
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11
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TORRES LCR, AMARAL JEPGD, Canniatti-Brazaca SG. Promoters effectiveness in the improvement in iron and zinc absorption from the rice and bean. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.15419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Maares M, Haase H. A Guide to Human Zinc Absorption: General Overview and Recent Advances of In Vitro Intestinal Models. Nutrients 2020; 12:E762. [PMID: 32183116 PMCID: PMC7146416 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc absorption in the small intestine is one of the main mechanisms regulating the systemic homeostasis of this essential trace element. This review summarizes the key aspects of human zinc homeostasis and distribution. In particular, current knowledge on human intestinal zinc absorption and the influence of diet-derived factors on bioaccessibility and bioavailability as well as intrinsic luminal and basolateral factors with an impact on zinc uptake are discussed. Their investigation is increasingly performed using in vitro cellular intestinal models, which are continually being refined and keep gaining importance for studying zinc uptake and transport via the human intestinal epithelium. The vast majority of these models is based on the human intestinal cell line Caco-2 in combination with other relevant components of the intestinal epithelium, such as mucin-secreting goblet cells and in vitro digestion models, and applying improved compositions of apical and basolateral media to mimic the in vivo situation as closely as possible. Particular emphasis is placed on summarizing previous applications as well as key results of these models, comparing their results to data obtained in humans, and discussing their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maares
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hajo Haase
- Technische Universität Berlin, Chair of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly, D-13353 Potsdam-Berlin-Jena, Germany
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13
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Lule VK, Tomar SK, Chawla P, Pophaly S, Kapila S, Arora S. Bioavailability assessment of zinc enriched lactobacillus biomass in a human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2). Food Chem 2019; 309:125583. [PMID: 31699555 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study utilizes lactobacilli strains having the potential to accumulate a significant amount of Zinc (Zn) in their biomass and ability to deliver the same mineral in a highly bioavailable form. A human origin Lactobacillus fermentum SR4 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) were studied for their ability to accumulate Zn by growing them in the medium containing Zn salt. Further, Zn enriched cell lysates were prepared by Ultrasonication, as an organic Zn source. Various functional groups involved in bacterial Zn binding were identified by FT-IR spectroscopy and elemental Zn in bio-chelated cell lysate complex was confirmed by SEM and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX). Experimental data demonstrated a significantly higher (P < 0.05) bioavailability of Zn chelated by SR4 followed by LGG i.e., 57% and 48%, as compared to the commercially available inorganic (ZnSo4) and even organic (Zinc gluconate) forms tested which has 15.6% and 21.7% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Sarang Pophaly
- College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, CGKV, Raipur 492006, India
| | - Suman Kapila
- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Sumit Arora
- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
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14
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Li J, Gong C, Wang Z, Gao R, Ren J, Zhou X, Wang H, Xu H, Xiao F, Cao Y, Zhao Y. Oyster-Derived Zinc-Binding Peptide Modified by Plastein Reaction via Zinc Chelation Promotes the Intestinal Absorption of Zinc. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060341. [PMID: 31181804 PMCID: PMC6627379 DOI: 10.3390/md17060341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc-binding peptides from oyster (Crassostrea gigas) have potential effects on zinc supplementation. The aim of this study was to prepare efficient zinc-binding peptides from oyster-modified hydrolysates by adding exogenous glutamate according to the plastein reaction and to further explore the zinc absorption mechanism of the peptide-zinc complex (MZ). The optimum conditions for the plastein reaction were as follows: pH 5.0, 40 °C, substrate concentration of 40%, pepsin dosage of 500 U/g, reaction time of 3 h and l-[1-13C]glutamate concentration of 10 mg/mL. The results of 13C isotope labelling suggested that the addition of l-[1-13C]glutamate contributed to the increase in the zinc-binding capacity of the peptide. The hydrophobic interaction was the main mechanism of action of the plastein reaction. Ultraviolet spectra and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) revealed that the zinc-binding peptide could bind with zinc and form MZ. Furthermore, MZ could significantly enhance zinc bioavailability in the presence of phytic acid, compared to the commonly used ZnSO4. Additionally, MZ significantly promoted the intestinal absorption of zinc mainly through two pathways, the zinc ion channel and the small peptide transport pathway. Our work attempted to increase the understanding of the zinc absorption mechanism of MZ and to support the potential application of MZ as a supplementary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Chen Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Zaiyang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ruichang Gao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Hisense (Shandong) Refrigerator Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Hisense (Shandong) Refrigerator Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - He Xu
- Jiangsu Baoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222100, China.
| | - Feng Xiao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Yuhui Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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15
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Pfaender S, Sauer AK, Hagmeyer S, Mangus K, Linta L, Liebau S, Bockmann J, Huguet G, Bourgeron T, Boeckers TM, Grabrucker AM. Zinc deficiency and low enterocyte zinc transporter expression in human patients with autism related mutations in SHANK3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45190. [PMID: 28345660 PMCID: PMC5366950 DOI: 10.1038/srep45190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phelan McDermid Syndrome (PMDS) is a genetic disorder characterized by features of Autism spectrum disorders. Similar to reports of Zn deficiency in autistic children, we have previously reported high incidence of Zn deficiency in PMDS. However, the underlying mechanisms are currently not well understood. Here, using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry to measure the concentration of Zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) in hair samples from individuals with PMDS with 22q13.3 deletion including SHANK3 (SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3), we report a high rate of abnormally low Zn/Cu ratios. To investigate possible underlying mechanisms, we generated enterocytes from PMDS patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and used Caco-2 cells with knockdown of SHANK3. We detected decreased expression of Zn uptake transporters ZIP2 and ZIP4 on mRNA and protein level correlating with SHANK3 expression levels, and found reduced levels of ZIP4 protein co-localizing with SHANK3 at the plasma membrane. We demonstrated that especially ZIP4 exists in a complex with SHANK3. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemistry on gut sections from Shank3αβ knockout mice and confirmed a link between enterocytic SHANK3, ZIP2 and ZIP4. We conclude that apart from its well-known role in the CNS, SHANK3 might play a specific role in the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Pfaender
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ann Katrin Sauer
- WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies, Neurology Dept., Neurocenter of Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Simone Hagmeyer
- WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies, Neurology Dept., Neurocenter of Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Katharina Mangus
- WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies, Neurology Dept., Neurocenter of Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Leonhard Linta
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Liebau
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Juergen Bockmann
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Guillaume Huguet
- Institut Pasteur, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions Unit, 75015 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3571: Genes, Synapses and Cognition, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Institut Pasteur, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions Unit, 75015 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 3571: Genes, Synapses and Cognition, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, 75013 Paris, France
- FondaMental Foundation, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Tobias M. Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Grabrucker
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- WG Molecular Analysis of Synaptopathies, Neurology Dept., Neurocenter of Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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16
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Liao W, Lai T, Chen L, Fu J, Sreenivasan ST, Yu Z, Ren J. Synthesis and Characterization of a Walnut Peptides-Zinc Complex and Its Antiproliferative Activity against Human Breast Carcinoma Cells through the Induction of Apoptosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1509-1519. [PMID: 26878665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The walnut peptides and zinc ions were combined to generate a walnut peptides-zinc complex (WP1-Zn) with enhanced antiproliferative ability as well as reduced toxicity. The result indicated that Zn ions were successfully combined with WP1 through Zn-N and Zn-O covalent bonds. WP1-Zn compounds exhibited strong antiproliferative ability against the selected human cell lines, especially MCF-7 cells, whose survival rate reduced to 20.02% after exposure to 300 μg/mL of WP1-Zn for 48 h. WP1-Zn inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation through inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The results indicated that WP1-Zn induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis via the ROS triggered mitochondrial-mediated pathway and cell surface receptor-mediated pathway. Our work is the first attempt to elucidate the synergic effect of novel walnut peptides and Zn and with the hope of better understanding the antiproliferative action of bioactive peptides and a zinc complex and support the potential application of WP1-Zn as a functional food ingredient or complementary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology , Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ting Lai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology , Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Luying Chen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology , Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junning Fu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Sreeprasad T Sreenivasan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- Department of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology , Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, China
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17
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Hashimoto A, Ohkura K, Takahashi M, Kizu K, Narita H, Enomoto S, Miyamae Y, Masuda S, Nagao M, Irie K, Ohigashi H, Andrews GK, Kambe T. Soybean extracts increase cell surface ZIP4 abundance and cellular zinc levels: a potential novel strategy to enhance zinc absorption by ZIP4 targeting. Biochem J 2015; 472:183-93. [PMID: 26385990 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Dietary zinc deficiency puts human health at risk, so we explored strategies for enhancing zinc absorption. In the small intestine, the zinc transporter ZIP4 functions as an essential component of zinc absorption. Overexpression of ZIP4 protein increases zinc uptake and thereby cellular zinc levels, suggesting that food components with the ability to increase ZIP4 could potentially enhance zinc absorption via the intestine. In the present study, we used mouse Hepa cells, which regulate mouse Zip4 (mZip4) in a manner indistinguishable from that in intestinal enterocytes, to screen for suitable food components that can increase the abundance of ZIP4. Using this ZIP4-targeting strategy, two such soybean extracts were identified that were specifically able to decrease mZip4 endocytosis in response to zinc. These soybean extracts also effectively increased the abundance of apically localized mZip4 in transfected polarized Caco2 and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and, moreover, two apically localized mZip4 acrodermatitis enteropathica mutants. Soybean components were purified from one extract and soyasaponin Bb was identified as an active component that increased both mZip4 protein abundance and zinc levels in Hepa cells. Finally, we confirmed that soyasaponin Bb is capable of enhancing cell surface endogenous human ZIP4 in human cells. Our results suggest that ZIP4 targeting may represent a new strategy to improve zinc absorption in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Hashimoto
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuma Ohkura
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | | | - Kumiko Kizu
- Department of Life and Living, Osaka Seikei College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Narita
- Department of Food Science, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Enomoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan Center for Molecular Imaging Science, RIKEN Kobe Institute, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yusaku Miyamae
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Masuda
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaya Nagao
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Ohigashi
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Glen K Andrews
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, U.S.A
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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18
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Joray ML, Yu TW, Ho E, Clarke SL, Stanga Z, Gebreegziabher T, Hambidge KM, Stoecker BJ. Zinc supplementation reduced DNA breaks in Ethiopian women. Nutr Res 2014; 35:49-55. [PMID: 25491347 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of zinc status remains a challenge largely because serum/plasma zinc may not accurately reflect an individual's zinc status. The comet assay, a sensitive method capable of detecting intracellular DNA strand breaks, may serve as a functional biomarker of zinc status. We hypothesized that effects of zinc supplementation on intracellular DNA damage could be assessed from samples collected in field studies in Ethiopia using the comet assay. Forty women, from villages where reported consumption of meat was less than once per month and phytate levels were high, received 20 mg zinc as zinc sulfate or placebo daily for 17 days in a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Plasma zinc concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cells from whole blood at the baseline and end point of the study were embedded in agarose, electrophoresed, and stained before being scored by an investigator blinded to the treatments. Although zinc supplementation did not significantly affect plasma zinc, mean (± SEM) comet tail moment measurement of supplemented women decreased from 39.7 ± 2.7 to 30.0 ± 1.8 (P< .005), indicating a decrease in DNA strand breaks in zinc-supplemented individuals. These findings demonstrated that the comet assay could be used as a functional assay to assess the effects of zinc supplementation on DNA integrity in samples collected in a field setting where food sources of bioavailable zinc are limited. Furthermore, the comet assay was sufficiently sensitive to detect changes in zinc status as a result of supplementation despite no significant changes in plasma zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya L Joray
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Tian-Wei Yu
- School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Emily Ho
- School of Biological & Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - Stephen L Clarke
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Zeno Stanga
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Tafere Gebreegziabher
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA; Institute of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - K Michael Hambidge
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Barbara J Stoecker
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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19
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García-Nebot MJ, Barberá R, Alegría A. Iron and zinc bioavailability in Caco-2 cells: Influence of caseinophosphopeptides. Food Chem 2013; 138:1298-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Shockravi S, Almgren A, Carlsson NG, Sandberg AS. Dephytinisation of Sangak and Barbari bread made from different extraction rate flours increases iron and zinc bioaccessibility in Caco-2 cells. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Jou MY, Du X, Hotz C, Lönnerdal B. Biofortification of rice with zinc: assessment of the relative bioavailability of zinc in a Caco-2 cell model and suckling rat pups. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:3650-7. [PMID: 22428952 DOI: 10.1021/jf202338t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Staple foods, such as rice, can now be enriched in micronutrients through conventional breeding (i.e., biofortification) to enhance dietary intake of vulnerable populations. The objectives of this study were (1) to establish a rapid, high capacity Caco-2 cell model to determine the relative bioavailability of zinc (Zn) from samples of staple food breeding lines for potential use as a guideline for selection/breeding and (2) to determine the relative bioavailability of Zn from conventional rice varieties and one Zn-biofortified type. Polished or undermilled, parboiled rice samples were digested in vitro with pepsin and pH adjustment, and by pancreatic enzymes. Zn uptake from digested samples was measured in Caco-2 cells in culture. A previously validated rat pup model was also used to assess Zn absorption in vivo, using gastric intubation and (65)Zn labeling. Pups were killed after 6 h, and radioactivity in tissues and in small intestine perfusate and cecum-colon contents was used to measure Zn bioavailability. A biofortified rice variety contained substantially more Zn than conventional varieties, with no change in phytate content. Absorbed Zn (μg/g rice) was significantly higher from the new variety in both the in vitro Caco-2 cell model (2.1-fold) and the rat pup model (2.0-fold). Results from the two models were highly correlated, particularly for the polished samples. Biofortification of rice with Zn results in significantly increased Zn uptake in both models. Since results from the Caco-2 cell model correlated well with those from rat pups, this cell model is likely to predict results in human populations and can be used for screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Jou
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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22
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Determination of bioavailable-zinc from biofortified wheat using a coupled in vitro digestion/Caco-2 reporter-gene based assay. J Food Compost Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Lönnerdal B, Mendoza C, Brown KH, Rutger JN, Raboy V. Zinc absorption from low phytic acid genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.), Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) assessed in a suckling rat pup model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:4755-62. [PMID: 21417220 DOI: 10.1021/jf1043663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dietary phytic acid is a major causative factor for low Zn bioavailability in many cereal- and legume-based diets. The bioavailability of Zn in seed of low phytic acid (lpa) variants of maize ( Zea mays L.), rice ( Oryza sativa L.), and barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) was evaluated using a suckling rat pup model. Suckling rat pups (14 days old, n = 6-8/treatment) were fasted for 6 h and intubated with (65)Zn-radiolabeled suspensions prepared using seed produced by either wild-type (normal phytic acid) or lpa genotypes of each cereal. Test solutions were radiolabeled overnight (all genotypes) or immediately prior to intubation (barley genotypes). Pups were killed 6 h postintubation and tissues removed and counted in a gamma counter. Zn absorption was low from wild-type genotypes of maize (21, 33%) and rice (26%), and phytic acid reduction resulted in significantly higher Zn absorption, 47-52 and 35-52%, respectively. Zn absorption from wild-type barley incubated overnight was high (86-91%), and phytate reduction did not improve Zn absorption (84-90%), which is likely due to endogenous phytase activity. When the wild-type barley solutions were prepared immediately before intubation, Zn absorption was significantly lower (63, 78%) than from the lpa cultivars (92, 96%). Variation in seed or flour phenolic acid levels did not affect Zn absorption. Differences in seed Zn levels did not substantially affect Zn absorption. Thus, when phytic acid is abundant in a diet, it has a larger effect on Zn absorption than the level of Zn. Therefore, reducing the phytic acid content of staple cereal grains may contribute to enhancing Zn nutrition of populations consuming these staple foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lönnerdal
- Program in International and Community Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.
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24
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Pullakhandam R, Nair KM, Pamini H, Punjal R. Bioavailability of iron and zinc from multiple micronutrient fortified beverage premixes in Caco-2 cell model. J Food Sci 2011; 76:H38-42. [PMID: 21535765 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01993.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Iron and zinc deficiencies are the most prevalent nutrient deficiencies worldwide. They often coexist as the dietary factors, especially phytate, which impairs iron absorption also affects zinc absorption. Therefore, suitable strategies are required to control multiple micronutrient deficiencies in populations that subsist on high-phytate foods such as the whole wheat flour based Indian bread (chapatti). The objective of the study, therefore, was to test the bioavailability of iron and zinc in 2 multiple micronutrient beverage premixes in the absence and presence of chapatti. The premix-1 contained iron, zinc, and vitamin A while premix-2 contained all micronutrients in premix-1, plus folic acid and ascorbic acid. Ferritin induction and (65)Zn uptake were assessed using coupled in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell line model as the surrogate markers of iron and zinc bioavailability, respectively. The results show that iron bioavailability from premixes-1 and 2 was similar in the absence of chapatti. However, premix-2 showed significantly higher iron bioavailability compared to premix-1 in the presence of chapatti. In contrast, the zinc uptake was similar from both premixes-1 and 2 in the absence or presence of chapatti. These results suggest that both the premixes provide bioavailable minerals, but premix-2 appears to be promising in the presence of foods that have high phytate.
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25
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Iyengar V, Pullakhandam R, Nair KM. Dietary Ligands as Determinants of Iron-Zinc Interactions at the Absorptive Enterocyte. J Food Sci 2010; 75:H260-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Sreenivasulu K, Raghu P, Nair KM. Polyphenol-Rich Beverages Enhance Zinc Uptake and Metallothionein Expression in Caco-2 Cells. J Food Sci 2010; 75:H123-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Effect of water soluble vitamins on Zn transport of Caco-2 cells and their implications under oxidative stress conditions. Eur J Nutr 2009; 49:53-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-009-0048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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