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Badem M, Sener SO, Kanbolat S, Korkmaz N, Yildirmiş S, Ozgen U, Aliyazicioglu R, Salva E, Kaban K, Kandemir A, Calıs İ. Evaluation of biological activities of Barbarea integrifolia and isolation of a new glucosinolate derivated compound. Z NATURFORSCH C 2021; 76:375-382. [PMID: 33823106 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to determine the potent biological activities and carry out isolation studies on Barbarea integrifolia. The antioxidant capacity of the species was evaluated by total phenolic content, FRAP, CUPRAC, and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Anticancer activity studies were performed by MTT assay in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, Hep3B, PC-3, A549, HCT116, L-929 cell lines. It was observed that the remaining aqueous fraction has higher total phenolic content while higher activity in the CUPRAC and FRAP assays was displayed for the methanolic extract and chloroform fraction. The extracts showed anticancer activity as compared with vincristine. It was observed that chloroform fraction has the highest anticancer activity on MCF-7 cell line, while ethyl acetate fraction has the highest anticancer activity on Hep-3B and A549 cell lines. Methanolic extract has the highest anticancer activity on HCT116 and MDA-MB-23 cell lines. The isolation studies have been performed using several chromatographic methods. The chemical structures of compounds have been identified by means of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D-NMR, and MS. Five major compounds, one steroid (β-Sitosterol), one phenolic acid (Rosmarinic acid), one flavonol heteroside (kaempferol 7-O-α-l-rhamnoside-3-O-β-d-(2-O-β- d -glucosyl)-β-d-glucoside), and two glucosinolates (Gluconasturtiin, Gluconasturtiin choline salt) have been isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Badem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sıla Ozlem Sener
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Seyda Kanbolat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Korkmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sermet Yildirmiş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Ozgen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rezzan Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Emine Salva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Kübra Kaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ali Kandemir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Erzincan University, 24000 Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İhsan Calıs
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, N Cyprus, Turkey
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Hussain M, Gao J, Bano S, Wang L, Lin Y, Arthurs S, Qasim M, Mao R. Diamondback Moth Larvae Trigger Host Plant Volatiles that Lure Its Adult Females for Oviposition. INSECTS 2020; 11:E725. [PMID: 33114044 PMCID: PMC7690744 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The diamondback moth (DBM) is a destructive pest of crucifer crops. In this study, DBM larvae shown to herbivore induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that were attractive to adult females exposed in a Y-tube olfactometer. Our results showed that olfactory responses of adult females to HIPVs induced by third instar larvae feeding on Barbarea vulgaris were significantly higher (20.40 ± 1.78; mean moths (%) ± SD) than those induced by first instar larvae (14.80 ± 1.86; mean moths (%) ± SD). Meanwhile, a significant concentration of Sulphur-containing isothiocyanate, 3-methylsulfinylpropyl isothiocyanate, and 4-methylsulfinyl-3-butenyl isothiocyanate were detected in HIPVs released by third instar larvae compared to those released by first instar larvae while feeding on B. vulgaris. When the DBM females were exposed to synthetic chemicals, singly and in blend form, a similar response was observed as to natural HIPVs. Our study demonstrated that the relationship between isothiocyanates acting as plant defense compounds, host plant cues emission and regulation of the DBM adult female behavior due to key volatile triggered by the DBM larvae feeding on B. vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubasher Hussain
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral oil pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China;
| | - Jing Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral oil pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China;
| | - Summyya Bano
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral oil pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510260, China;
| | - Liande Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education (MoE), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yongwen Lin
- Zhangzhou Institute of Technology, Zhangzhou 363000, China;
| | | | - Muhammad Qasim
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Runqian Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Uyen NH, Widyowati R, Sulistyowaty MI, Sugimoto S, Yamano Y, Kawakami S, Otsuka H, Matsunami K. Firmosides A and B: two new sucrose ferulates from the aerial parts of Silene firma and evaluation of radical scavenging activities. J Nat Med 2020; 74:796-803. [PMID: 32632912 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two new tri-ferulates of sucrose, firmosides A and B (1 and 2, respectively), together with 18 known compounds (3-20), were isolated from the aerial parts of Silene firma. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR, and high-resolution electro-spray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their free radical scavenging activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. As a result, two new compounds (1, 2) and 11 demonstrated significant radical scavenging activity, implying the usefulness as antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Hoang Uyen
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Retno Widyowati
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Gedung Nanizar Zaman Joenoes, Kampus C Unair, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Gedung Nanizar Zaman Joenoes, Kampus C Unair, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Sachiko Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshi Yamano
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Susumu Kawakami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Hideaki Otsuka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsunami
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
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Silenerepin – a New C-Glycosylflavone from Silene repens. Chem Nat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-03053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Benahmed M, Akkal S, Elomri A, Laouer H, Vérité P, Seguin E. Constituents from Bupleurum montanum (Coss. & Dur.) (Apiaceae). ARAB J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Christensen S, Heimes C, Agerbirk N, Kuzina V, Olsen CE, Hauser TP. Different Geographical Distributions of Two Chemotypes of Barbarea vulgaris that Differ in Resistance to Insects and a Pathogen. J Chem Ecol 2014; 40:491-501. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-014-0430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dimeric pyrrolidinoindoline-type alkaloids with melanogenesis inhibitory activity in flower buds of Chimonanthus praecox. J Nat Med 2014; 68:539-49. [PMID: 24668298 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-014-0832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A methanol extract of the flower buds of Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link (Calycanthaceae) demonstrated inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in theophylline-stimulated murine B16 melanoma 4A5 cells. From the extract, five dimeric pyrrolidinoindoline alkaloids and four sesquiterpenes were isolated, together with 16 known compounds. Among them, (-)-chimonanthine (1, IC50 = 0.93 μM), (-)-folicanthine (2, 1.4 μM), and (-)-calycanthidine (3, 1.8 μM) showed potent inhibitory effects without notable cytotoxicity at the effective concentrations. The most potent alkaloid (1) inhibited both tyrosinase and tyrosine-related protein-1 mRNA expressions, to which the melanogenesis inhibitory activity would be ascribable.
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Luyen BTT, Tai BH, Thao NP, Cha JY, Lee YM, Kim YH. A New Phenolic Component from Triticum aestivum
Sprouts and its Effects on LPS-Stimulated Production of Nitric oxide and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 Cells. Phytother Res 2013; 28:1064-70. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bui Thi Thuy Luyen
- College of Pharmacy; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- College of Pharmacy; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Caugiay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Phuong Thao
- College of Pharmacy; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Caugiay Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Ji Yun Cha
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy; Wonkwang University and Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute; Iksan Jonbuk 570-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy; Wonkwang University and Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute; Iksan Jonbuk 570-749 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 305-764 Republic of Korea
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Augustin JM, Drok S, Shinoda T, Sanmiya K, Nielsen JK, Khakimov B, Olsen CE, Hansen EH, Kuzina V, Ekstrøm CT, Hauser T, Bak S. UDP-glycosyltransferases from the UGT73C subfamily in Barbarea vulgaris catalyze sapogenin 3-O-glucosylation in saponin-mediated insect resistance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 160:1881-95. [PMID: 23027665 PMCID: PMC3510118 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.202747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenoid saponins are bioactive metabolites that have evolved recurrently in plants, presumably for defense. Their biosynthesis is poorly understood, as is the relationship between bioactivity and structure. Barbarea vulgaris is the only crucifer known to produce saponins. Hederagenin and oleanolic acid cellobioside make some B. vulgaris plants resistant to important insect pests, while other, susceptible plants produce different saponins. Resistance could be caused by glucosylation of the sapogenins. We identified four family 1 glycosyltransferases (UGTs) that catalyze 3-O-glucosylation of the sapogenins oleanolic acid and hederagenin. Among these, UGT73C10 and UGT73C11 show highest activity, substrate specificity and regiospecificity, and are under positive selection, while UGT73C12 and UGT73C13 show lower substrate specificity and regiospecificity and are under purifying selection. The expression of UGT73C10 and UGT73C11 in different B. vulgaris organs correlates with saponin abundance. Monoglucosylated hederagenin and oleanolic acid were produced in vitro and tested for effects on P. nemorum. 3-O-β-d-Glc hederagenin strongly deterred feeding, while 3-O-β-d-Glc oleanolic acid only had a minor effect, showing that hydroxylation of C23 is important for resistance to this herbivore. The closest homolog in Arabidopsis thaliana, UGT73C5, only showed weak activity toward sapogenins. This indicates that UGT73C10 and UGT73C11 have neofunctionalized to specifically glucosylate sapogenins at the C3 position and demonstrates that C3 monoglucosylation activates resistance. As the UGTs from both the resistant and susceptible types of B. vulgaris glucosylate sapogenins and are not located in the known quantitative trait loci for resistance, the difference between the susceptible and resistant plant types is determined at an earlier stage in saponin biosynthesis.
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Dalby-Brown L, Olsen CE, Nielsen JK, Agerbirk N. Polymorphism for novel tetraglycosylated flavonols in an Eco-model crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:6947-6956. [PMID: 21615154 DOI: 10.1021/jf200412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nineteen apparent flavonoids were determined by HPLC-DAD in foliage of a chemotype (G-type) of Barbarea vulgaris , and four were isolated. Two were novel tetraglycosylated flavonols with identical glycosylation patterns, kaempferol 3-O-(2,6-di-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (1) and quercetin 3-O-(2,6-di-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (2). The identification of d/l configuration was tentatively based on susceptibility to α-l-rhamnosidase and β-d-glucosidases. A characteristic feature of 1 and 2 was appreciable water solubility, an expected consequence of the extensive glycosylation. A less complex pair of flavonols comprised 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosides of kaempferol and quercetin. Two natural chemotypes of B. vulgaris differed in levels of 1 and 2, with the P-type deficient in 1 and 2 and the insect-resistant G-type rich in 1 (ca. 3-4 μmol/g dry wt) and with moderate levels of 2 (ca. 0.3-0.8 μmol/g dry wt). However, there was only modest seasonal variation in flavonols 1 and 2, in contrast to a strong seasonal variation in insect resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Dalby-Brown
- University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Horo I, Bedir E, Perrone A, Ozgökçe F, Piacente S, Alankuş-Calişkan O. Triterpene glycosides from Astragalus icmadophilus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:956-963. [PMID: 20231024 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Six cycloartane-type triterpene glycosides were isolated from Astragalus icmadophilus along with two known cycloartane-type glycosides, five known oleanane-type triterpene glycosides and one known flavonol glycoside. The structures of the six compounds were established as 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-3-acetoxy-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3beta,6alpha,16beta,24(S),25-pentahydroxycycloartane, 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3beta,6alpha,16beta,24(S),25-pentahydroxy cycloartane, 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-3,4-diacetoxy-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3beta,6alpha,16beta,24(S),25-pentahydroxycycloartane, 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-3-acetoxy-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3beta,6alpha,16beta,25-tetrahydroxy-20(R),24(S)-epoxycycloartane, 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3beta,6alpha,16beta,24alpha-tetrahydroxy-20(R),25-epoxycycloartane, 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3beta,6alpha,16beta,24alpha-tetrahydroxy-20(R),25-epoxycycloartane by the extensive use of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments along with ESIMS and HRMS analysis. The first four compounds are cyclocanthogenin and cycloastragenol glycosides, whereas the last two are based on cyclocephalogenin as aglycone, more unusual in the plant kingdom, so far reported only from Astragalus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Horo
- Ege University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Kuzina V, Ekstrøm CT, Andersen SB, Nielsen JK, Olsen CE, Bak S. Identification of defense compounds in Barbarea vulgaris against the herbivore Phyllotreta nemorum by an ecometabolomic approach. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 151:1977-90. [PMID: 19819983 PMCID: PMC2785962 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.136952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Winter cress (Barbarea vulgaris) is resistant to a range of insect species. Some B. vulgaris genotypes are resistant, whereas others are susceptible, to herbivory by flea beetle larvae (Phyllotreta nemorum). Metabolites involved in resistance to herbivory by flea beetles were identified using an ecometabolomic approach. An F2 population representing the whole range from full susceptibility to full resistance to flea beetle larvae was generated by a cross between a susceptible and a resistant B. vulgaris plant. This F2 offspring was evaluated with a bioassay measuring the ability of susceptible flea beetle larvae to survive on each plant. Metabolites that correlated negatively with larvae survival were identified through correlation, cluster, and principal component analyses. Two main clusters of metabolites that correlate negatively with larvae survival were identified. Principal component analysis grouped resistant and susceptible plants as well as correlated metabolites. Known saponins, such as hederagenin cellobioside and oleanolic acid cellobioside, as well as two other saponins correlated significantly with plant resistance. This study shows the potential of metabolomics to identify bioactive compounds involved in plant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Søren Bak
- Center for Molecular Plant Physiology (V.K., C.E.O., S.B.) and VKR Research Centre “Pro-Active Plants” (V.K., C.E.O., S.B.), Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK–1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK–1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (S.B.A.); Department of Basic Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK–1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (C.T.E., J.K.N., C.E.O.); and Center for Applied Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK–1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark (V.K., C.T.E., S.B.)
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Nakabayashi R, Kusano M, Kobayashi M, Tohge T, Yonekura-Sakakibara K, Kogure N, Yamazaki M, Kitajima M, Saito K, Takayama H. Metabolomics-oriented isolation and structure elucidation of 37 compounds including two anthocyanins from Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1017-29. [PMID: 19497599 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Revised: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to conduct metabolomic studies in a model plant for genome research, such as Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), it is a prerequisite to obtain structural information for the isolated metabolites from the plant of interest. In this study, we isolated metabolites of Arabidopsis in a relatively non-targeted way, aiming at the construction of metabolite standards and chemotaxonomic comparison. Anthocyanins (5 and 7) called A8 and A10 were isolated and their structures were elucidated as cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-6-O-(4-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-[6-O-(malonyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] and cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-O-(E-sinapoyl)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-6-O-(4-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside]-5-O-[beta-D-glucopyranoside] from analyses of 1D NMR, 2D NMR ((1)H NMR, NOE, (13)C NMR, HMBC and HMQC), HRFABMS, FT-ESI-MS and GC-TOF-MS data. In addition, 35 known compounds, including six anthocyanins, eight flavonols, one nucleoside, one indole glucosinolate, four phenylpropanoids and a derivative, together with three indoles, one carotenoid, one apocarotenoid, three galactolipids, two chlorophyll derivatives, one steroid, one hydrocarbon, and two dicarboxylic acids, were also isolated and identified from their spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nakabayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Morikawa T, Xie H, Wang T, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Acylated Flavonol Bisdesmosides, Sinocrassosides A3-A7and B3, with Aminopeptidase N Inhibitory Activity fromSinocrassula indica. Chem Biodivers 2009; 6:411-20. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200800135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Perrone A, Masullo M, Plaza A, Hamed A, Piacente S. Flavone and Flavonol Glycosides from Astragalus eremophilus and Astragalus Vogelii. Nat Prod Commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0900400117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new rhamnocitrin glycosides (1 and 2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus vogelii, along with one known rhamnocitrin glycoside (3). Two known flavonol glycosides (4 and 5) and four known flavone derivatives (6-9) were isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus eremophilus. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- (1H, 13C and TOCSY) and 2D-NMR (DQF-COSY, HSQC, HMBC) experiments, as well as ESIMS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Perrone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
| | - Milena Masullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
| | - Alberto Plaza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0820, USA (actual address)
| | - Arafa Hamed
- Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 81528 Aswan, Egypt
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
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19
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Montoro P, Tuberoso CIG, Maldini M, Cabras P, Pizza C. Qualitative Profile and Quantitative Determination of Flavonoids from Crocus Sativus L. Petals by LC-MS/MS. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
From the methanolic extract of Crocus sativus petals nine known flavonoids have been isolated and identified, including glycosidic derivatives of quercetin and kaempferol as major compounds (1–2), and their methoxylated and acetylated derivatives. Additionally, LC-ESI-MS qualitative and LC-ESI-MS/MS quantitative studies of the major compounds of the methanolic extract were performed. The high content of glycosylated flavonoids could give value to C. sativus petals, which are a waste product in the production of the spice saffron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Montoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Carlo I. G. Tuberoso
- Dipartimento di Tossicologia, Università di Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Maldini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Paolo Cabras
- Dipartimento di Tossicologia, Università di Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Pizza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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20
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Braca A, Bader A, Siciliano T, De Tommasi N. Secondary metabolites from Paronychia argentea. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2008; 46:88-93. [PMID: 18041009 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Two new oleanane saponins (1 and 2) and one new flavonol glycoside (3) together with six known flavonoids, were isolated from the aerial parts of Paronychia argentea. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments including 1D-TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC spectroscopy, as well as ESI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Chimica Bioorganica e Biofarmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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21
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Yoshikawa M, Wang T, Morikawa T, Xie H, Matsuda H. Bioactive constituents from chinese natural medicines. XXIV. Hypoglycemic effects of Sinocrassula indica in sugar-loaded rats and genetically diabetic KK-A(y) mice and structures of new acylated flavonol glycosides, sinocrassosides A(1), A(2), B(1), and B(2). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:1308-15. [PMID: 17827753 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.1308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The methanolic extract from the whole plant of Sinocrassula indica (Crassulaceae) was found to inhibit the increase in serum glucose levels in oral administration of sucrose and glucose in rats at a dose of 250 mg/kg (p.o.). However, the extract did not inhibit the increase in serum glucose levels after intraperitoneal administration of glucose in these animals but did partly inhibit the gastric emptying. On the other hand, this extract significantly inhibited the increase in serum glucose levels after administration for 2 weeks in KK-A(y) mice, a genetically type II diabetic mice, at a dose of 250 mg/kg/d (p.o.) without significant changes of the weights of body, liver, and visceral fat. From the extract, four new acylated flavonol glycosides, sinocrassosides A(1), A(2), B(1), and B(2), were isolated together with 11 flavonoids and 2 megastigmanes. The absolute stereostructures of the four new compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence.
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22
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Bennett RN, Rosa EAS, Mellon FA, Kroon PA. Ontogenic profiling of glucosinolates, flavonoids, and other secondary metabolites in Eruca sativa (salad rocket), Diplotaxis erucoides (wall rocket), Diplotaxis tenuifolia (wild rocket), and Bunias orientalis (Turkish rocket). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:4005-15. [PMID: 16719527 DOI: 10.1021/jf052756t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As an influence of the Mediterranean diet, rocket species such as Eruca sativa L., Diplotaxis species, and Bunias orientalis L. are eaten all over the world at different ontogenic stages in salads and soups. They are all species within the plant order Capparales (glucosinolate-containing species), and all are from the family Brassicaceae. Predominantly, the leaves of these species are eaten raw or cooked, although Eruca flowers are also consumed. There is considerable potential with raw plant material for a higher exposure to bioactive phytochemicals such as glucosinolates, their hydrolysis products, and also phenolics, flavonoids, and vitamins such as vitamin C. These compounds are susceptible to ontogenic variation, and the few published studies that have addressed this topic have been inconsistent. Thus, an ontogenic study was performed and all samples were analyzed using a previously developed robust liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the identification and quantification of the major phytochemicals in all tissues of the rocket species. Seeds and roots of both Eruca and Diplotaxis contained predominantly 4-methylthiobutylglucosinolate. Leaves of Eruca and Diplotaxis contained high amounts of 4-mercaptobutylglucosinolate with lower levels of 4-methylthiobutlyglucosinolate and 4-methylsulfinylbutylglucosinolate. Flowers of Eruca and Diplotaxiscontained predominantly 4-methylsulfinylbutyl-glucosinolate. In addition, roots of both Diplotaxisspecies contained 4-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate but 4-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate was absent from roots of Eruca. Seeds and seedlings of all Eruca contained N-heterocyclic compounds but no sinapine, whereas Diplotaxis contained sinapine but not the N-heterocycles. In all tissues of B. orientalis, 4-hydroxybenzylglucosinolate and 4-methylsulfinyl-3-butenylglucosinolate were predominant. All rocket tissues, except roots, contained significant levels of polyglycosylated flavonoids, with/without hydroxycinnamoyl acylation. The core aglycones were kaempferol, quercetin, and isorhamnetin. The exception was B. orientalis, which had a negligible seed flavonoid content as compared with the other species. Anthocyanins were only detected in Eruca flowers and consisted of a complex pattern of at least 16 different anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Bennett
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom.
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23
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Kim YC, Jun M, Jeong WS, Chung SK. Antioxidant Properties of Flavone C-Glycosides from Atractylodes japonica Leaves in Human Low-density Lipoprotein Oxidation. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb08331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Martens S, Mithöfer A. Flavones and flavone synthases. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2005; 66:2399-407. [PMID: 16137727 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 07/15/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Within the secondary metabolite class of flavonoids which consist of more than 9000 known structures, flavones define one of the largest subgroups. Their natural distribution is demonstrated for almost all plant tissues. Various flavone aglyca and their O- or C-glycosides have been described in the literature. The diverse functions of flavones in plants as well as their various roles in the interaction with other organisms offer many potential applications, not only in plant breeding but also in ecology, agriculture and human nutrition and pharmacology. In this context, the antioxidative activity of flavones, their use in cancer prevention and treatment as well as the prevention of coronary heart disease should be emphasized. The therapeutic potential of flavones makes these compounds valuable targets for drug design, including recombinant DNA approaches. The biosynthesis of flavones in plants was found to be catalyzed by two completely different flavone synthase proteins (FNS), a unique feature within the flavonoids. The first, FNS I, a soluble dioxygenase, was only described for members of the Apiaceae family so far. The second, FNS II, a membrane bound cytochrome P450 enzyme, has been found in all other flavone accumulating tissues. This phenomenon is particularly of interest from the evolutionary point of view concerning the flavone biosynthesis and functions in plants. Recently, FNS I and FNS II genes have been cloned from a number of plant species. This now enables detailed biochemical and molecular characterizations and also the development of direct metabolic engineering strategies for modifications of flavone synthesis in plants to improve their nutritional and/or biopharmaceutical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Martens
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Germany
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25
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Clarkson C, Staerk D, Hansen SH, Jaroszewski JW. Hyphenation of Solid-Phase Extraction with Liquid Chromatography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Application of HPLC-DAD-SPE-NMR to Identification of Constituents of Kanahia laniflora. Anal Chem 2005; 77:3547-53. [PMID: 15924388 DOI: 10.1021/ac050212k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) in HPLC-NMR has dramatically enhanced the sensitivity of this technique by concentration of the analytes in a small-volume NMR flow cell and by increasing the amount of the analyte by multiple peak trapping. In this study, the potential of HPLC-DAD-SPE-NMR hyphenation was demonstrated by structure determination of complex constituents of flower, leaf, root, and stem extracts of an African medicinal plant Kanahia laniflora. The technique was shown to allow acquisition of high-quality homo- and heteronuclear 2D NMR data following analytical-scale HPLC separation of extract constituents. Four flavonol glycosides [kaempferol 3-O-(6-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-d-glucopyranoside; kaempferol 3-O-(2,6-di-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-d-glucopyranoside; quercetin 3-O-(2,6-di-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (rutin); and isorhamnetin, 3-O-(6-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-d-glucopyranoside] and three 5alpha-cardenolides [coroglaucigenin 3-O-6-deoxy-beta-d-allopyranoside; coroglaucigenin 3-O-(4-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-6-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranoside; 3'-O-acetyl-3'-epiafroside] were identified, with complete assignments of 1H and 13C resonances based on HSQC and HMBC spectra whenever required. Confirmation of the structures was provided by HPLC-MS data. The HPLC-DAD-SPE-NMR technique therefore speeds up the dereplication of complex mixtures of natural origin significantly, by characterization of individual extract components prior to preparative isolation work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailean Clarkson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Lu JH, Liu SS, Shelton AM. Laboratory evaluations of a wild crucifer Barbarea vulgaris as a management tool for the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2004; 94:509-516. [PMID: 15541190 DOI: 10.1079/ber2004328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The term 'dead-end trap cropping' has recently been proposed to identify a plant that is highly attractive for oviposition by an insect pest, but on which offspring of the pest cannot survive. The potential of the wild crucifer Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. to allure and serve as a dead-end trap crop for the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.), an important pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, was examined in laboratory experiments. When P. xylostella adults were provided with a dual-choice of plants of B. vulgaris, and Chinese cabbage Brassica campestris (L.), in one arena, adult moths laid 2.5-6.8 times more eggs on the former than on the latter. When P. xylostella adults were provided with a dual-choice of plants of B. vulgaris and common cabbage Brassica oleracea L., adult moths laid virtually all their eggs on the former and ignored the latter. Nearly all P. xylostella eggs laid on the three species of plants hatched successfully, but nearly all individuals on plants of B. vulgaris died as neonates or early instar larvae, while 87-100% of the larvae on Chinese cabbage and common cabbage survived to pupation. Dual choice tests with a Y-tube olfactometer showed that volatiles from B. vulgaris were much more attractive to P. xylostella adults than those from common cabbage. The results demonstrate that B. vulgaris has a great potential as a dead-end trap crop for improving management of P. xylostella. Factors that may influence the feasibility of using B. vulgaris as a trap crop in the field are discussed, and ways to utilize this plant are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-hua Lu
- Institute of Applied Entomology, Zhejiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310029, China
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27
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Zidorn C, Ellmerer EP, Ziller A, Stuppner H. Occurence of (E)-aldosecologanin in Kissenia capensis (Loasaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2003.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Leaf flavonoids of the cruciferous species, Camelina sativa, Crambe spp., Thlaspi arvense and several other genera of the family Brassicaceae. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-1978(03)00074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Abstract
The isolation of five flavonol glycosides (1-5) from the flowers of Aconitum vulparia is reported, together with the 1H- and 13C-NMR spectral data in CD(3)OD of compound 3 and 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fico
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
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30
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Sang S, Lapsley K, Jeong WS, Lachance PA, Ho CT, Rosen RT. Antioxidative phenolic compounds isolated from almond skins (Prunus amygdalus Batsch). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2002; 50:2459-2463. [PMID: 11929314 DOI: 10.1021/jf011533+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nine phenolic compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of almond (Prunus amygdalus) skins. On the basis of NMR data, MS data, and comparison with the literature, these compounds were identified as 3'-O-methylquercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1); 3'-O-methylquercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (2); 3'-O-methylquercetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3); kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4); naringenin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5); catechin (6); protocatechuic acid (7); vanillic acid (8); and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (9). All of these compounds have been isolated from almond skins for the first time. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities for compounds 1-9 were determined. Compounds 6 and 7 show very strong DPPH radical scavenging activity. Compounds 1-3, 5, 8, and 9 show strong activity, whereas compound 4 has very weak activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmin Sang
- Department of Food Science and Center for Advanced Food Technology, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, USA
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31
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Wang SY, Kuo YH, Chang HN, Kang PL, Tsay HS, Lin KF, Yang NS, Shyur LF. Profiling and characterization antioxidant activities in Anoectochilus formosanus hayata. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2002; 50:1859-1865. [PMID: 11902924 DOI: 10.1021/jf0113575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of the crude and fractionated plant extracts of Anoectochilus formosanus were evaluated using five different assay systems. An acid-treatment (2 N HCl in 95% ethanol) was employed to treat a butanol fraction (BuOH), creating an acid-hydrolyzed BuOH fraction. The IC(50) values for DPPH radicals in the BuOH and acid-hydrolyzed BuOH fractions were 0.521 and 0.021 mg/mL, respectively. The acid-hydrolyzed BuOH exhibited approximately 5-fold higher activity in scavenging superoxide anion than catechin. The acid-hydrolyzed BuOH fraction also effectively protected phi x174 supercoiled DNA against strand cleavage induced by H(2)O(2) and reduced oxidative stress in HL-60 cells. Metabolite profiling showed that the aglycones of flavonoid glycosides in BuOH were produced after acid hydrolytic treatment, and this resulted in a significant increase in antioxidant activities of acid-hydrolyzed BuOH. One new diarylpentanoid, kinsenone, and three known flavonoid glycosides and their derivatives were identified for the first time from A. formosanus, with strong antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yang Wang
- Institute of BioAgricultural Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, R.O.C
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32
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Shinoda T, Nagao T, Nakayama M, Serizawa H, Koshioka M, Okabe H, Kawai A. Identification of a triterpenoid saponin from a crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris, as a feeding deterrent to the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. J Chem Ecol 2002; 28:587-99. [PMID: 11944835 DOI: 10.1023/a:1014500330510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, a crucifer specialist, refuse to feed on a crucifer, Barbarea vulgaris, because of the presence of a feeding deterrent, which is extractable with chloroform. We isolated a feeding deterrent from B. vulgaris leaves, by successive fractionations with silica-gel, ODS, i.e., C18 reversed phase, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, and ODS-HPLC, guided by a bioassay for feeding deterrent activity. The structure of the compound was determined to be a monodesmosidic triterpenoid saponin, 3-O-[O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-hederagenin, based on FAB-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra, and hydrolysis experiments. When the compound was applied to cabbage leaf disks at greater than 0.18 microg/mm2, consumption of the disks by third instars was less than 11% of control disks treated with the solvent alone. Furthermore, all first instars died on the disks treated with the same concentrations. Because the concentration of the compound in the fresh leaves of B. vulgaris was comparable to the effective dose in the cabbage leaf disk tested, we conclude that the unacceptability of B. vulgaris to P. xylostella larvae is primarily due to this saponin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Shinoda
- National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, Ano, Mie, Japan.
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33
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Montoro P, Carbone V, De Simone F, Pizza C, De Tommasi N. Studies on the constituents of Cyclanthera pedata fruits: isolation and structure elucidation of new flavonoid glycosides and their antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:5156-5160. [PMID: 11714296 DOI: 10.1021/jf010318q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of six flavon glycosides (1-6), among them four new natural compounds (1-4), from the CHCl(3)/MeOH extract of the fruits of Cyclanthera pedata is reported. All of the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including the concerted application of one-dimensional ((1)H, (1)H TOCSY, (13)C, and (13)C DEPT-NMR) and two-dimensional NMR techniques (DQF-COSY, HSQC, and HMBC). For all of the isolated compounds the antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the free radical scavenging activity, using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method, and the coupled oxidation of beta-carotene and linoleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Montoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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Agerbirk N, Olsen CE, Nielsen JK. Seasonal variation in leaf glucosinolates and insect resistance in two types of Barbarea vulgaris ssp. arcuata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2001; 58:91-100. [PMID: 11524118 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Leaves from natural populations of Barbarea vulgaris ssp. arcuata (Brassicaceae) in Denmark were examined for glucosinolate content and resistance to the crucifer specialist flea beetle Phyllotreta nemorum. Two types of the plant (P- and G-type) could be recognized. Leaves of the G-type contained the glucosinolates (only side chains mentioned): (S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl- (2S), indol-3-ylmethyl- (4) and in trace amount (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl- (2R), 2-phenylethyl- (1) and 4-methoxyindol-3-ylmethyl- (5). Leaves of the P-type were dominated by 2R and 4, and had only trace amounts of 1, 2S, and 5 but contained in addition the previously unknown (R)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl- (3R). The epimer, (S)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl- (3S) was found in populations believed to be hybrids, and in B. orthoceras. 2S, 2R, desulfo 2S,-2R, -3S and -3R were isolated and identified by NMR and MS. Acylated glucosinolates or allylglucosinolate were not detected in leaves. The glucosinolate content in August was variable, 3-46 micromol/g dry wt, but was low in most populations, 3-15 micromol/g dry wt. In general, the glucosinolate content increased during the autumn, to 35-75 micromol/g dry wt in November. The G-type was resistant to neonate larvae of Phyllotreta nemorum in August and September (survival in 3-day bioassay typically 0%), and gradually lost the resistance in October and November (survival in 3-day bioassay 40-90%), and there was no correlation between glucosinolate content and resistance. Neither did glucosinolates explain the difference in resistance between the P-type (always susceptible) and the G-type (resistant in the summer season).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Agerbirk
- Chemistry Department, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, C, Denmark.
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