1
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Goode-Romero G, Dominguez L. Descriptive molecular pharmacology of the δ opioid receptor (DOR): A computational study with structural approach. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304068. [PMID: 38991032 PMCID: PMC11239112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This work focuses on the δ receptor (DOR), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) belonging to the opioid receptor group. DOR is expressed in numerous tissues, particularly within the nervous system. Our study explores computationally the receptor's interactions with various ligands, including opiates and opioid peptides. It elucidates how these interactions influence the δ receptor response, relevant in a wide range of health and pathological processes. Thus, our investigation aims to explore the significance of DOR as an incoming drug target for pain relief and neurodegenerative diseases and as a source for novel opioid non-narcotic analgesic alternatives. We analyze the receptor's structural properties and interactions using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and Gaussian-accelerated MD across different functional states. To thoroughly assess the primary differences in the structural and conformational ensembles across our different simulated systems, we initiated our study with 1 μs of conventional Molecular Dynamics. The strategy was chosen to encompass the full activation cycle of GPCRs, as activation processes typically occur within this microsecond range. Following the cMD, we extended our study with an additional 100 ns of Gaussian accelerated Molecular Dynamics (GaMD) to enhance the sampling of conformational states. This simulation approach allowed us to capture a comprehensive range of dynamic interactions and conformational changes that are crucial for GPCR activation as influenced by different ligands. Our study includes comparing agonist and antagonist complexes to uncover the collective patterns of their functional states, regarding activation, blocking, and inactivation of DOR, starting from experimental data. In addition, we also explored interactions between agonist and antagonist molecules from opiate and opioid classifications to establish robust structure-activity relationships. These interactions have been systematically quantified using a Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) model. This research significantly contributes to our understanding of this significant pharmacological target, which is emerging as an attractive subject for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Goode-Romero
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Dominguez
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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2
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Bojack G, Baltz R, Dittgen J, Fischer C, Freigang J, Getachew R, Grill E, Helmke H, Hohmann S, Lange G, Lehr S, Porée F, Schmidt J, Schmutzler D, Yang Z, Frackenpohl J. Synthesis and Exploration of Abscisic Acid Receptor Agonists Against Dought Stress by Adding Constraint to a Tetrahydroquinoline‐Based Lead Structure. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Bojack
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Rachel Baltz
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Jan Dittgen
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Christian Fischer
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Jörg Freigang
- Research & Development Research Technology, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Alfred-Nobel-Straße 50 40789 Monheim Germany
| | - Rahel Getachew
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Erwin Grill
- Lehrstuhl für Botanik Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan Technische Universität München Emil-Ramann-Straße 4 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Hendrik Helmke
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Sabine Hohmann
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Gudrun Lange
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Fabien Porée
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Jana Schmidt
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Dirk Schmutzler
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Lehrstuhl für Botanik Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan Technische Universität München Emil-Ramann-Straße 4 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Jens Frackenpohl
- Research & Development, Weed Control, Division Crop Science Bayer AG Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany
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3
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Wu J, Mu R, Sun M, Zhao N, Pan M, Li H, Dong Y, Sun Z, Bai J, Hu M, Nathan CF, Javid B, Liu G. Derivatives of Natural Product Agrimophol as Disruptors of Intrabacterial pH Homeostasis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1087-1104. [PMID: 31016962 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the rational medicinal chemistry of a natural product, agrimophol (1), as a new disruptor of intrabacterial pH (pHIB) homeostasis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Through the systematic investigation of the structure-activity relationship of 1, scaffold-hopping of the diphenylmethane scaffold, pharmacophore displacement strategies, and studies of the structure-metabolism relationship, a new derivative 5a was achieved. Compound 5a showed 100-fold increased potency in the ability to reduce pHIB to pH 6.0 and similarly improved mycobactericidal activity compared with 1 against both Mycobacterium bovis-BCG and Mtb. Compound 5a possessed improved metabolic stability in human liver microsomes and hepatocytes, lower cytotoxicity, higher selectivity index, and similar pKa value to natural 1. This study introduces a novel scaffold to an old drug, resulting in improved mycobactericidal activity through decreasing pHIB, and may contribute to the critical search for new agents to overcome drug resistance and persistence in the treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Rm 311, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ran Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Rm 311, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Mingna Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Rm 311, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Miaomiao Pan
- Centre for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongshuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Rm 311, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yi Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Rm 311, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhaogang Sun
- National Tuberculosis Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, 9 Beiguan Street, Tongzhou District, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Minwan Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Carl F. Nathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Babak Javid
- Centre for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Rm 311, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Rm 311, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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4
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Monodrug therapy has been used with success to fight various pathologies. When one medicine fails, co-administration of two or more drugs at the same time may be successfully applied in the treatment of infections, hypertension, HIV and in many other fields. DISCUSSION This approach has some weakness related to the pharmacokinetic of the two different substances administered, side effects, possible drug-drug interaction. Bivalent ligand approach would maintain the strength of the multidrug therapy (synergistic effect, lower doses, and little side effects) and overcome the weakness of a co-administration. CONCLUSION In this review we have described the state-of-the-art of the multitarget approach for the control of pain. Several approaches adopted by different research groups and future perspectives have been discussed.
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5
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Multitarget opioid ligands in pain relief: New players in an old game. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 108:211-228. [PMID: 26656913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Still nowadays pain is one of the most common disabling conditions and yet it remains too often unsolved. Analgesic opioid drugs, and mainly MOR agonists such as morphine, are broadly employed for pain management. MOR activation, however, has been seen to cause not only analgesia but also undesired side effects. A potential pain treatment option is represented by the simultaneous targeting of different opioid receptors. In fact, ligands possessing multitarget capabilities led to an improved pharmacological fingerprint. This review focuses on the examination of multitarget opioid ligands which have been distinguished in peptide and non-peptide and further listed as bivalent and bifunctional ligands. Moreover, the potential of these compounds, both as analgesic drugs and pharmacological tools to explore heteromer receptors, has been stressed.
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6
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Váradi A, Palmer TC, Haselton N, Afonin D, Subrath JJ, Le Rouzic V, Hunkele A, Pasternak GW, Marrone GF, Borics A, Majumdar S. Synthesis of Carfentanil Amide Opioids Using the Ugi Multicomponent Reaction. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:1570-7. [PMID: 26148793 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel approach to synthesize carfentanil amide analogues utilizing the isocyanide-based four-component Ugi multicomponent reaction. A small library of bis-amide analogues of carfentanil was created using N-alkylpiperidones, aniline, propionic acid, and various aliphatic isocyanides. Our lead compound showed high affinity for mu (MOR) and delta opioid receptors (DOR) with no appreciable affinity for kappa (KOR) receptors in radioligand binding assays. The compound was found to be a mixed MOR agonist/partial DOR agonist in [(35)S]GTPγS functional assays, and it showed moderate analgesic potency in vivo. The compound showed no visible signs of physical dependence or constipation in mice. In addition, it produced less respiratory depression than morphine. Most mixed MOR/DOR opioids reported in the literature are peptides and thereby systemically inactive. Our approach utilizing a multicomponent reaction has the promise to deliver potent and efficacious small-molecule analgesics with potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Váradi
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Travis C. Palmer
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Nathan Haselton
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Daniel Afonin
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Joan J. Subrath
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Gavril W. Pasternak
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Gina F. Marrone
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Attila Borics
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, Hungary H-6726
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department
of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
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7
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Yedage SL, D'silva DS, Bhanage BM. MnO2 catalyzed formylation of amines and transamidation of amides under solvent-free conditions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13094h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and efficient MnO2 catalyzed one-pot protocol for formylation of amine and transamidation of primary and secondary amides by amines has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash L. Yedage
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Mumbai-400 019
- India
| | - Denvert S. D'silva
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Chemical Technology
- Mumbai-400 019
- India
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8
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Fujii H, Takahashi T, Nagase H. Non-peptidic δ opioid receptor agonists and antagonists (2000 – 2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:1181-208. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.804066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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9
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Vandormael B, Fourla DD, Gramowski-Voss A, Kosson P, Weiss DG, Schröder OHU, Lipkowski A, Georgoussi Z, Tourwé D. Superpotent [Dmt¹] dermorphin tetrapeptides containing the 4-aminotetrahydro-2-benzazepin-3-one scaffold with mixed μ/δ opioid receptor agonistic properties. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7848-59. [PMID: 21978284 DOI: 10.1021/jm200894e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel dermorphin tetrapeptides are described in which Tyr(1) is replaced by Dmt(1), where d-Ala(2) and Gly(4) are N-methylated, and where Phe(3)-Gly(4) residue is substituted by the constrained Aba(3)-Gly(4) peptidomimetic. Most of these peptidic ligands displayed binding affinities in the nanomolar range for both μ- and δ-opioid receptors but no detectable affinity for the κ-opioid receptor. Measurements of cAMP accumulation, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in HEK293 cells stably expressing each of these receptors individually, and functional screening in primary neuronal cultures confirmed the potent agonistic properties of these peptides. The most potent ligand H-Dmt-NMe-d-Ala-Aba-Gly-NH(2) (BVD03) displayed mixed μ/δ opioid agonist properties with picomolar functional potencies. Functional electrophysiological in vitro assays using primary cortical and spinal cord networks showed that this analogue possessed electrophysiological similarity toward gabapentin and sufentanil, which makes it an interesting candidate for further study as an analgesic for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Vandormael
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Nonpeptidic Delta (δ) Opioid Agonists and Antagonists of the Diarylmethylpiperazine Class: What Have We Learned? Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 299:121-40. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Docking studies suggest ligand-specific delta-opioid receptor conformations. J Mol Model 2008; 15:267-80. [PMID: 19052783 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-008-0396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An automated docking procedure was used to study binding of a series of delta-selective ligands to three models of the delta-opioid receptor. These models are thought to represent the three ligand-specific receptor conformations. Docking results are in agreement with point mutation studies and suggest that different ligands--agonists and antagonists--may bind to the same binding site under different receptor conformations. Docking to different receptor models (conformations) also suggests that by changing to a receptor-specific conformation, the receptor may open or close different binding sites to other ligands.
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12
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Chakrapani H, Kalathur RC, Maciag AE, Citro ML, Ji X, Keefer LK, Saavedra JE. Synthesis, mechanistic studies, and anti-proliferative activity of glutathione/glutathione S-transferase-activated nitric oxide prodrugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:9764-71. [PMID: 18930407 PMCID: PMC2631660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) prodrugs such as O(2)-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) 1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (JS-K) are a growing class of promising NO-based therapeutics. Nitric oxide release from the anti-cancer lead compound, JS-K, is proposed to occur through a nucleophilic aromatic substitution by glutathione (GSH) catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase (GST) to form a diazeniumdiolate anion that spontaneously releases NO. In this study, a number of structural analogues of JS-K were synthesized and their chemical and biological properties were compared with those of JS-K. The homopiperazine analogue of JS-K showed anti-cancer activity that is comparable with that of JS-K but with a diminished reactivity towards both GSH and GSH/GST; both the aforementioned compounds displayed no cytotoxic activity towards normal renal epithelial cell line at concentrations where they significantly diminished the proliferation of a panel of renal cancer cell lines. These properties may prove advantageous in the further development of this class of nitric oxide prodrugs as cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harinath Chakrapani
- Chemistry Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Ravi C. Kalathur
- Biomolecular Structure Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Section, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Anna E. Maciag
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Michael L. Citro
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Xinhua Ji
- Biomolecular Structure Section, Macromolecular Crystallography Section, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Larry K. Keefer
- Chemistry Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Joseph E. Saavedra
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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13
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Ananthan S. Opioid ligands with mixed mu/delta opioid receptor interactions: an emerging approach to novel analgesics. AAPS JOURNAL 2006; 8:E118-25. [PMID: 16584118 PMCID: PMC2751430 DOI: 10.1208/aapsj080114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are widely used in the treatment of severe pain. The clinical use of the opioids is limited by serious side effects such as respiratory depression, constipation, development of tolerance, and physical dependence and addiction liabilities. Most of the currently available opioid analgesics exert their analgesic and adverse effects primarily through the opioid mu receptors. A large number of biochemical and pharmacological studies and studies using genetically modified animals have provided convincing evidence regarding the existence of modulatory interactions between opioid mu and delta receptors. Several studies indicate that delta receptor agonists as well as delta receptor antagonists can provide beneficial modulation to the pharmacological effects of mu agonists. For example, delta agonists can enhance the analgesic potency and efficacy of mu agonists, and delta antagonists can prevent or diminish the development of tolerance and physical dependence by mu agonists. On the basis of these observations, the development of new opioid ligands possessing mixed mu agonist/delta agonist profile and mixed mu agonist/delta antagonist profile has emerged as a promising new approach to analgesic drug development. A brief overview of mu-delta interactions and recent developments in identification of ligands possessing mixed mu agonist/delta agonist and mu agonist/delta antagonist activities is provided in this report.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/chemical synthesis
- Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Drugs, Investigational/chemical synthesis
- Drugs, Investigational/metabolism
- Drugs, Investigational/pharmacology
- Humans
- Ligands
- Opioid Peptides/chemistry
- Opioid Peptides/metabolism
- Opioid Peptides/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Technology, Pharmaceutical/trends
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14
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Besong G, Jarowicki K, Kocienski PJ, Sliwinski E, Boyle FT. Synthesis of (S)-(−)-N-acetylcolchinol using intramolecular biaryl oxidative coupling. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:2193-207. [PMID: 16729129 DOI: 10.1039/b603857c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric synthesis of the tubulin polymerisation inhibitor (S)-(-)-N-acetylcolchinol is reported based on an intramolecular biaryl oxidative coupling of a 1,3-diarylpropyl acetamide intermediate using phenyliodonium bis(trifluoroacetate) as the final step. Three syntheses of the penultimate 1,3-diarylpropyl acetamide intermediate (S)-(-)-N-[1-[3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)phenyl)]-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propyl] acetamide are described which differ in the means by which the stereogenic centre was introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Besong
- School of Chemistry, Leeds University, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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15
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Coats SJ, Schulz MJ, Carson JR, Codd EE, Hlasta DJ, Pitis PM, Stone DJ, Zhang SP, Colburn RW, Dax SL. Parallel methods for the preparation and SAR exploration of N-ethyl-4-[(8-alkyl-8-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-ylidene)-aryl-methyl]-benzamides, powerful mu and delta opioid agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:5493-8. [PMID: 15482911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2004] [Revised: 09/01/2004] [Accepted: 09/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two parallel synthetic methods were developed to explore the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of a series of potent opioid agonists. This series of tropanylidene benzamides proved extremely tolerant of structural variation while maintaining excellent opioid activity. Evaluation of several representative compounds from this series in the mouse hot plate test revealed potent antinociceptive effects upon oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Coats
- Drug Discovery, Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C., Welsh and McKean Roads, PO Box 776, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, USA.
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16
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Carson JR, Coats SJ, Codd EE, Dax SL, Lee J, Martinez RP, McKown LA, Anne Neilson L, Pitis PM, Wu WN, Zhang SP. N -Alkyl-4-[(8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]-oct-3-ylidene)phenylmethyl]benzamides, μ and δ opioid agonists: a μ address. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:2113-6. [PMID: 15080990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2003] [Accepted: 02/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The tertiary amide delta opioid agonist 2 is a potent antinociceptive agent. Compound 2 was metabolized in vitro and in vivo to secondary amide 3, a potent and selective micro opioid agonist. The SAR of a series of N-alkyl-4-[(8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]-oct-3-ylidene)phenylmethyl]benzamides was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Carson
- Drug Discovery, Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, Welsh and McKean Roads, PO 776, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, USA.
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17
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Synthesis of a novel series of tetracyclic opioid antagonists incorporating an 8-aminobicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene sub-unit. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.09.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kim IJ, Ullrich T, Janetka JW, Furness MS, Jacobson AE, Rothman RB, Dersch CM, Flippen-Anderson JL, George C, Rice KC. Diaryldimethylpiperazine ligands with μ- and δ-opioid receptor affinity: Synthesis of (+)-4-[(αR)-α-(4-allyl-(2S,5S)-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-N-ethyl-N-phenylbenzamide and (−)-4-[(αR)-α-(2S,5S)-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-N-ethyl-N-phenylbenzamide. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:4761-8. [PMID: 14556791 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00496-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the synthesis of compounds that have good affinity for both mu- and delta-opioid receptors from the (alphaR,2S,5S) class of diaryldimethylpiperazines. These non-selective compounds were related to opioids that have been found to interact selectively with mu- or delta-opioid receptors as agonists or antagonists. In our initial survey, we found two compounds, (+)-4-[(alphaR)-alpha-(4-allyl-(2S,5S)-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-N-ethyl-N-phenylbenzamide (14) and its N-H relative, (-)-4-[(alphaR)-alpha-(2S,5S)-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-N-ethyl-N-phenylbenzamide (15), that interacted with delta-receptors with good affinity, and, as we hoped, with much higher affinity at mu-receptors than SNC80. The relative configuration of the benzylic position in (+)-4-[(alphaR)-alpha-(4-allyl-(2S,5S)-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-benzyl alcohol (10) was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis of a crystal that was an unresolved twin. The absolute stereochemistry of that benzylic stereogenic center was unequivocally derived by the X-ray crystallographic analysis from the two other centers of asymmetry in the molecule that were known. Those were established from the synthesis via a dipeptide cyclo-L-Ala-L-Ala in which the absolute stereochemistry was established.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzamides/chemical synthesis
- Benzamides/chemistry
- Benzamides/metabolism
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Brain/metabolism
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Guinea Pigs
- Ligands
- Molecular Conformation
- Molecular Structure
- Piperazines/chemical synthesis
- Piperazines/chemistry
- Piperazines/metabolism
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Radioligand Assay
- Rats
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Stereoisomerism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- In Jong Kim
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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