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Rep V, Štulić R, Koštrun S, Kuridža B, Crnolatac I, Radić Stojković M, Paljetak HČ, Perić M, Matijašić M, Raić-Malić S. Novel tetrahydropyrimidinyl-substituted benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles: synthesis, antibacterial activity, DNA interactions and ADME profiling. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:1504-1525. [PMID: 36561067 PMCID: PMC9749923 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of tetrahydropyrimidinyl-substituted benzimidazoles attached to various aliphatic or aromatic residues via phenoxymethylene were synthesised to investigate their antibacterial activities against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The influence of the type of substituent at the C-3 and C-4 positions of the phenoxymethylene linker on the antibacterial activity was observed, showing that the aromatic moiety improved the antibacterial potency. Of all the evaluated compounds, benzoyl-substituted benzimidazole derivative 15a was the most active compound, particularly against the Gram-negative pathogens E. coli (MIC = 1 μg mL-1) and M. catarrhalis (MIC = 2 μg mL-1). Compound 15a also exhibited the most promising antibacterial activity against sensitive and resistant strains of S. pyogenes (MIC = 2 μg mL-1). Significant stabilization effects and positive induced CD bands strongly support the binding of the most biologically active benzimidazoles inside the minor grooves of AT-rich DNA, in line with docking studies. The predicted physico-chemical and ADME properties lie within drug-like space except for low membrane permeability, which needs further optimization. Our findings encourage further development of novel structurally related 5(6)-tetrahydropyrimidinyl substituted benzimidazoles in order to optimize their antibacterial effect against common respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rep
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of ZagrebMarulićev trg 1910000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Rebeka Štulić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of ZagrebMarulićev trg 1910000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Sanja Koštrun
- Selvita d.o.oPrilaz baruna Filipovića 2910000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Bojan Kuridža
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryBijenička cesta 5410000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Ivo Crnolatac
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryBijenička cesta 5410000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Marijana Radić Stojković
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryBijenička cesta 5410000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Hana Čipčić Paljetak
- Department for Intercellular Communication, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of MedicineŠalata 210000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Mihaela Perić
- Department for Intercellular Communication, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of MedicineŠalata 210000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Mario Matijašić
- Department for Intercellular Communication, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of MedicineŠalata 210000 ZagrebCroatia
| | - Silvana Raić-Malić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of ZagrebMarulićev trg 1910000 ZagrebCroatia
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2
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Li B, Liu Z, Li L, Xing Y, Liu Y, Yang X, Pei M, Zhang G. A Schiff base sensor for relay monitoring of In3+ and Fe3+ through “off–on–off” fluorescent signals. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00929j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Schiff base N′-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-4,5-dihydronaphtho[1,2-b]thiophene-2-carbohydrazide (LB2) was designed and synthesized and could be used as a sensor to identify In3+ and Fe3+ through fluorescence ‘off–on–off’ behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Henan Sanmenxia Aoke Chemical Industry Co. Ltd
- Sanmenxia
- China
| | - Linlin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yujing Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yuanying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Meishan Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Guangyou Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
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3
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Zapol’skii VA, Bilitewski U, Kupiec SR, Ramming I, Kaufmann DE. Polyhalonitrobutadienes as Versatile Building Blocks for the Biotargeted Synthesis of Substituted N-Heterocyclic Compounds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122863. [PMID: 32575902 PMCID: PMC7355852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Substituted nitrogen heterocycles are structural key units in many important pharmaceuticals. A new synthetic approach towards heterocyclic compounds displaying antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus or cytotoxic activity has been developed. The selective synthesis of a series of 64 new N-heterocycles from the three nitrobutadienes 2-nitroperchloro-1,3-butadiene, 4-bromotetrachloro-2-nitro-1,3-butadiene and (Z)-1,1,4-trichloro-2,4-dinitrobuta-1,3-diene proved feasible. Their reactions with N-, O- and S-nucleophiles provide rapid access to push-pull substituted benzoxazolines, benzimidazolines, imidazolidines, thiazolidinones, pyrazoles, pyrimidines, pyridopyrimidines, benzoquinolines, isothiazoles, dihydroisoxazoles, and thiophenes with unique substitution patterns. Antibacterial activities of 64 synthesized compounds were examined. Additionally, seven compounds (thiazolidinone, nitropyrimidine, indole, pyridopyrimidine, and thiophene derivatives) exhibited a significant cytotoxicity with IC50-values from 1.05 to 20.1 µM. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that polyhalonitrobutadienes have an interesting potential as structural backbones for a variety of highly functionalized, pharmaceutically active heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor A. Zapol’skii
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; (V.A.Z.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Ursula Bilitewski
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (U.B.); (I.R.)
| | - Sören R. Kupiec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; (V.A.Z.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Isabell Ramming
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; (U.B.); (I.R.)
| | - Dieter E. Kaufmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; (V.A.Z.); (S.R.K.)
- Correspondence:
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4
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Xu Y, Yuan S, Zhang Y, Wang H, Yang X, Pei M, Zhang G. A new multifunctional sensor for sequential recognizing of Zn2+ and PPi in acetonitrile solution and detection of In3+ in DMF solution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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5
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Xu Y, Wang H, Zhao J, Yang X, Pei M, Zhang G, Zhang Y, Lin L. A simple fluorescent schiff base for sequential detection of Zn2+ and PPi based on imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Gatadi S, Madhavi YV, Chopra S, Nanduri S. Promising antibacterial agents against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103252. [PMID: 31518761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rapid emergence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections has created a critical health menace universally. Resistance to all the available chemotherapeutics has been on rise which led to WHO to stratify Staphylococcus aureus as high tier priorty II pathogen. Hence, discovery and development of new antibacterial agents with new mode of action is crucial to address the multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. The egressing understanding of new antibacterials on their biological target provides opportunities for new therapeutic agents. This review underlines on various aspects of drug design, structure activity relationships (SARs) and mechanism of action of various new antibacterial agents and also covers the recent reports on new antibacterial agents with potent activity against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This review provides attention on in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities of new antibacterial agents in the point of view of drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Gatadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Y V Madhavi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Sidharth Chopra
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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7
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Liang Y, Diao L, Wang R, Wang N, Pu S. A bifunctional probe for Al3+ and Zn2+ based on diarylethene with an ethylimidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-6-hydrazide unit. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Xu Y, Wang H, Zhao J, Yang X, Pei M, Zhang G, Zhang Y. A dual functional fluorescent sensor for the detection of Al3+ and Zn2+ in different solvents. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03298c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new fluorescent sensor, X, was designed and synthesized based on imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, which could be used to detect Al3+ in methanol buffer solution and detect Zn2+ in ethanol buffer solution, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | | | - Xiaofeng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Meishan Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Guangyou Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
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9
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Lagzian M, Qasemi A, Kaviani P, Mohammadi M. Identification of new promising plant-based lead compounds for inhibition of prokaryotic replicative DNA polymerases: combination of in silico and in vitro studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:4222-4237. [PMID: 30526389 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1545701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Emerging widespread bacterial resistance to current antibiotics with traditional targets is one of the major global concerns. Therefore, so many investigations are exploring the potential of other druggable macromolecules of bacteria such as replication machinery components that are not addressed by previous antibiotics. DNA polymerase is the major part of this machine. However, a few studies have been done on it so far. In this respect, we report the discovery of four new plant-based leads against DNA polymerase (pol) IIIC (three leads) and pol IIIE (one lead) of Gram-positive and negative bacteria by combining a sequentially constrained high-throughput virtual screenings on Traditional Chinese Medicine Database with in vitro assays. The compounds displayed relatively good levels of inhibitory effect. They were active against their designated targets at micromolar concentrations. The IC50 values for them are ranged from 25 to 111 μM. In addition, they showed minimum inhibitory concentrations in the range of 8-128 μg/mL against five representatives of pathogenic bacteria species. However, they were inactive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Given these results, these leads hold promise for future modification and optimization to be more effective in lower concentrations and also against most of the important bacterial species. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Lagzian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , Iran
| | - Ali Qasemi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , Iran
| | - Pegah Kaviani
- Department of Biology, University of Skövde , Skövde , Sweden
| | - Malihe Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan , Zahedan , Iran
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10
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Evolution of palladium(II) complexes as DNA intercalator and artificial metallonuclease. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-1942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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DNA Targeting as a Likely Mechanism Underlying the Antibacterial Activity of Synthetic Bis-Indole Antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:7067-7076. [PMID: 27620482 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00309-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the synthesis and biological activity of a series of cationic bis-indoles with potent, broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. Here, we describe mechanism of action studies to test the hypothesis that these compounds bind to DNA and that this target plays an important role in their antibacterial outcome. The results reported here indicate that the bis-indoles bind selectively to DNA at A/T-rich sites, which is correlated with the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis in representative Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) organisms. Further, exposure of E. coli and S. aureus to representative bis-indoles resulted in induction of the DNA damage-inducible SOS response. In addition, the bis-indoles were found to be potent inhibitors of cell wall biosynthesis; however, they do not induce the cell wall stress stimulon in S. aureus, suggesting that this pathway is inhibited by an indirect mechanism. In light of these findings, the most likely basis for the observed activities of these compounds is their ability to bind to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and other secondary effects.
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12
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Latacz G, Kechagioglou P, Papi R, Łażewska D, Więcek M, Kamińska K, Wencel P, Karcz T, Schwed JS, Stark H, Kyriakidis DA, Kieć-Kononowicz K. The Synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine Derivatives and JNJ7777120 Analogues with Histamine H4Receptor Affinity and Their Interaction withPTENPromoter. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:254-63. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 Kraków 30-688 Poland
| | - Petros Kechagioglou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki GR-54124 Greece
| | - Rigini Papi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki GR-54124 Greece
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 Kraków 30-688 Poland
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 Kraków 30-688 Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kamińska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 Kraków 30-688 Poland
| | - Przemysław Wencel
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 Kraków 30-688 Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 Kraków 30-688 Poland
| | - Johannes S. Schwed
- Biozentrum; Goethe University; Max-von-Laue-Str. 9 Frankfurt/Main 60438 Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Heinrich-Heine-University; Universitaetsstr. 1 Duesseldorf 40225 Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Biozentrum; Goethe University; Max-von-Laue-Str. 9 Frankfurt/Main 60438 Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Heinrich-Heine-University; Universitaetsstr. 1 Duesseldorf 40225 Germany
| | - Dimitrios A. Kyriakidis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki GR-54124 Greece
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs; Jagiellonian University Medical College; Medyczna 9 Kraków 30-688 Poland
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13
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An evaluation of Minor Groove Binders as anti-Trypanosoma brucei brucei therapeutics. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 116:116-125. [PMID: 27060763 PMCID: PMC4872591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of 32 structurally diverse MGBs, derived from the natural product distamycin, was evaluated for activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Four compounds have been found to possess significant activity, in the nanomolar range, and represent hits for further optimisation towards novel treatments for Human and Animal African Trypanosomiases. Moreover, SAR indicates that the head group linking moiety is a significant modulator of biological activity.
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14
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Brucoli F, Guzman JD, Maitra A, James CH, Fox KR, Bhakta S. Synthesis, anti-mycobacterial activity and DNA sequence-selectivity of a library of biaryl-motifs containing polyamides. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3705-11. [PMID: 25921267 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The alarming rise of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) strains, compel the development of new molecules with novel modes of action to control this world health emergency. Distamycin analogues containing N-terminal biaryl-motifs 2(1-5)(1-7) were synthesised using a solution-phase approach and evaluated for their anti-mycobacterial activity and DNA-sequence selectivity. Thiophene dimer motif-containing polyamide 2(2,6) exhibited 10-fold higher inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis compared to distamycin and library member 2(5,7) showed high binding affinity for the 5'-ACATAT-3' sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Brucoli
- School of Science and Sport, Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research (IBEHR), University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
| | - Juan D Guzman
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, The Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Arundhati Maitra
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, The Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - Colin H James
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Keith R Fox
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building 85, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sanjib Bhakta
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, The Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK
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15
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Vijayalakshmi P, Selvaraj C, Shafreen RMB, Singh SK, Pandian SK, Daisy P. Ligand-based pharmacophore modelling and screening of DNA minor groove binders targeting Staphylococcus aureus. J Mol Recognit 2015; 27:429-37. [PMID: 24895275 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The recognition of DNA by small molecules is of special importance in the design of new drugs. Many natural and synthetic compounds have the ability to interact with the minor groove of DNA. In the present study, identification of minor groove binding compounds was attained by the combined approach of pharmacophore modelling, virtual screening and molecular dynamics approach. Experimentally reported 32 minor groove binding compounds were used to develop the pharmacophore model. Based on the fitness score, best three pharmacophore hypotheses were selected and used as template for screening the compounds from drug bank database. This pharmacophore-based screening provides many compounds with the same pharmacological properties. All these compounds were subjected to four phases of docking protocols with combined Glide-quantum-polarized ligand docking approach. Molecular dynamics results indicated that selected compounds are more active and showed good interaction in the binding site of DNA. Based on the scoring parameters and energy values, the best compounds were selected, and antibacterial activity of these compounds was identified using in vitro antimicrobial techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periyasamy Vijayalakshmi
- Bioinformatics Centre (BIF), PG and Research Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620002, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Sun J, Liu Z, Wang Y, Xiao S, Pei M, Zhao X, Zhang G. A fluorescence chemosensor based on imidazo[1,2-a]quinoline for Al3+ and Zn2+ in respective solutions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21055k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new and simple chemosensor (L2) Al3+ and Zn2+ was developed, which show distinctly different optical properties in different solvent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Shihua Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Meishan Pei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Xiuxian Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
| | - Guangyou Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- China
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17
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Wang P, Ji M, Sha F. An Efficient and Facile Process for Synthesis of 4,5-Dichlorothiophene-2-Carboxylic Acid using N-Chlorosuccinimide. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3184/174751914x14116517685637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
4,5-Dichlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid was obtained from the starting material thiophene-2-carboxylic acid via esterification, chlorination and hydrolysis. The chlorination reaction was achieved using N-chlorosuccinimide as the chlorinating agent with high selectivity and yield. The advantages of this synthesis route were mild reaction conditions, simplified operational procedure and the raw materials were easy to obtain. It could be applied to industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Min Ji
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Fei Sha
- Soochow New Source Biotechnology Ltd, Soochow, 215200, P.R. China
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18
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Zhou Z, Liu G, Shen Y, Lu X. Synthesis of benzofurans via ruthenium-catalyzed redox-neutral C–H functionalization and reaction with alkynes under mild conditions. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00196f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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19
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Patil SM, Mascarenhas M, Sharma R, Mohana Roopan S, Roychowdhury A. Microwave-Assisted One-Pot Synthesis of Substituted 3-Bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and Imidazoheterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashikant M. Patil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
| | - Malcolm Mascarenhas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
| | - Rajiv Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
| | - S. Mohana Roopan
- Organic Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences; VIT University; Vellore-632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Abhijit Roychowdhury
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
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20
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Vijayalakshmi P, Selvaraj C, Singh SK, Nisha J, Saipriya K, Daisy P. Exploration of the binding of DNA binding ligands toStaphylococcalDNA through QM/MM docking and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2013; 31:561-71. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2012.706080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Molecular basis of antibiotic multiresistance transfer in Staphylococcus aureus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:2804-9. [PMID: 23359708 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1219701110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections pose a significant threat to human health. Antibiotic resistance is most commonly propagated by conjugative plasmids like pLW1043, the first vancomycin-resistant S. aureus vector identified in humans. We present the molecular basis for resistance transmission by the nicking enzyme in S. aureus (NES), which is essential for conjugative transfer. NES initiates and terminates the transfer of plasmids that variously confer resistance to a range of drugs, including vancomycin, gentamicin, and mupirocin. The NES N-terminal relaxase-DNA complex crystal structure reveals unique protein-DNA contacts essential in vitro and for conjugation in S. aureus. Using this structural information, we designed a DNA minor groove-targeted polyamide that inhibits NES with low micromolar efficacy. The crystal structure of the 341-residue C-terminal region outlines a unique architecture; in vitro and cell-based studies further establish that it is essential for conjugation and regulates the activity of the N-terminal relaxase. This conclusion is supported by a small-angle X-ray scattering structure of a full-length, 665-residue NES-DNA complex. Together, these data reveal the structural basis for antibiotic multiresistance acquisition by S. aureus and suggest novel strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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22
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Discovery of novel pyrrolopyridazine scaffolds as transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV1) antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6888-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Zapol'skii VA, Namyslo JC, de Meijere A, Kaufmann DE. Chemistry of polyhalogenated nitrobutadienes, 10: Synthesis of highly functionalized heterocycles with a rigid 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane moiety. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:621-8. [PMID: 22563360 PMCID: PMC3343288 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The nitropolychlorobutadienes 3, 4 are valuable building blocks for various amination and successive heterocyclization products. Nucleophilic substitution reactions of the partially protected, bioactive amines 1, 2 with either vinyl, imidoyl or carbonyl chlorides result in the formation of the enamines 11, 12, 13, 16, 25, the amidine 6, and the amides 20, 21, respectively. In the following, cyclization to the highly functionalized pyrazoles 27, 28, pyrimidine 26 and pyridopyrimidine 24 succeeded. Deprotection of 21, 12 and 28 proved to be only partially feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor A Zapol'skii
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstr. 6, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
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24
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Joshi S, Dewangan RP, Yadav S, Rawat DS, Pasha S. Synthesis, antibacterial activity and mode of action of novel linoleic acid–dipeptide–spermidine conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:8326-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26393a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Hossion AML, Zamami Y, Kandahary RK, Tsuchiya T, Ogawa W, Iwado A, Sasaki K. Quercetin Diacylglycoside Analogues Showing Dual Inhibition of DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV as Novel Antibacterial Agents. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3686-703. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abugafar M. L. Hossion
- Department of Molecular Design for Medicine and ‡Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharamceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshito Zamami
- Department of Molecular Design for Medicine and ‡Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharamceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Rafiya K. Kandahary
- Department of Molecular Design for Medicine and ‡Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharamceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tomofusa Tsuchiya
- Department of Molecular Design for Medicine and ‡Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharamceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Wakano Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Design for Medicine and ‡Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharamceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Akimasa Iwado
- Department of Molecular Design for Medicine and ‡Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharamceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kenji Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Design for Medicine and ‡Department of Molecular Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharamceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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26
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A class of novel N-isoquinoline-3-carbonyl-l-amino acid benzylesters: Synthesis, anti-tumor evaluation and 3D QSAR analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1672-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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Bahlaouan Z, Abarbri M, Duchêne A, Thibonnet J, Henry N, Enguehard-Gueiffier C, Gueiffier A. Copper(i)-mediated preparation of new pyrano[3′,4′:4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-1-one compounds under mild palladium-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1212-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00622j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Sasada T, Sawada T, Ikeda R, Sakai N, Konakahara T. Approach to Trisubstituted 3-Aminopyrrole Derivatives by Yb(OTf)3-Catalyzed [4+1] Annulation of 2-Azadiene with Me3SiCN. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Lichitsky BV, Komogortsev AN, Belyi RM, Dudinov AA, Krayushkin MM. Three-component condensation of 4-aminoisothiazole derivatives with aldehydes and Meldrum’s acid. Synthesis of 6,7-dihydro-4H-isothiazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-ones. Russ Chem Bull 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-009-0211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Herath A, Dahl R, Cosford NDP. Fully automated continuous flow synthesis of highly functionalized imidazo[1,2-a] heterocycles. Org Lett 2010; 12:412-5. [PMID: 20038130 PMCID: PMC2814065 DOI: 10.1021/ol902433a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first continuous flow synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acids directly from 2-aminopyridines and bromopyruvic acid has been developed, representing a significant advance over the corresponding in-flask method. The process was applied to the multistep synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-2-carboxamides, including a Mur ligase inhibitor, using a two microreactor, multistep continuous flow process without isolation of intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Herath
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Burnham Institute for
Medical Research 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Russell Dahl
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Burnham Institute for
Medical Research 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Nicholas D. P. Cosford
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Burnham Institute for
Medical Research 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037
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31
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Liu J, Zhao M, Qian K, Zhang X, Lee KH, Wu J, Liu YN, Peng S. Benzyl 1,2,3,5,11,11a-hexahydro-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-6H-imidazo[3',4':1,2]pyridin[3,4-b]indole-2-substituted acetates: One-pot-preparation, anti-tumor activity, docking toward DNA and 3D QSAR analysis. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1910-7. [PMID: 20171109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To discover the anti-tumoral indoles a series of benzyl 1,2,3,5,11,11a-hexahydro-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxo-6H-imidazo[3',4':1,2]pyridin[3,4-b]indole-2-substituted acetates (2a-n) are prepared via one-pot-preparation. The IC(50) values of 2a-n in vitro against human lung carcinoma, prostate cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, vincristine-resistant KB subline and human breast carcinoma cells range from 40 nM to 60 microM. On Sarcoma 180 (S180) tumor-bearing mouse model four of them (2e,g,h,i) significantly inhibited the tumor growth. At the dose of 0.1mg/kg the efficacy of the most potent 2h was equal to that of 1.0mg/kg of doxorubicin. In contrast to doxorubicin, at 1.0mg/kg of dose 2e,g,h,i did not induce the treated S180 mice to have organ atrophy and body emaciation. The healthy mice receiving 10, 100 and 500 mg/kg of 2e,g,h,i gave no any neurotoxic response. Even up to the dose of 500 mg/kg the healthy mice occurred no death. The interaction of 2a-n with DNA was confirmed by the fluorescence quenching experiments and automated flexible ligand docking. By 3D QSAR analysis the IC(50) values of 2a-n against prostate cancer cells were correlated with the structures and conformations of their side chains. To increase the data related to their physical-chemical properties the experimental LogP values were also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
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32
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Vooturi SK, Cheung CM, Rybak MJ, Firestine SM. Design, Synthesis, and Structure−Activity Relationships of Benzophenone-Based Tetraamides as Novel Antibacterial Agents. J Med Chem 2009; 52:5020-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900519b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K. Vooturi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Chrissy M. Cheung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Michael J. Rybak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Steven M. Firestine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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33
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Reingruber R, Vanderheiden S, Muller T, Nieger M, Es-Sayed M, Bräse S. Efficient synthesis of substituted 3-acyl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[d][1,2,3]triazines. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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34
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Spitzer GM, Wellenzohn B, Markt P, Kirchmair J, Langer T, Liedl KR. Hydrogen-bonding patterns of minor groove-binder-DNA complexes reveal criteria for discovery of new scaffolds. J Chem Inf Model 2009; 49:1063-9. [PMID: 19275189 DOI: 10.1021/ci800455f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Minor groove-binding ligands are able to control gene expression and are of great interest for therapeutic applications. We extracted hydrogen-bonding geometries from all available structures of minor groove-binder-DNA complexes of two noncovalent binding modes, namely 1:1 (including hairpin and cyclic ligands) and 2:1 ligand/DNA binding. Positions of the ligand atoms involved in hydrogen bonding deviate from idealized hydrogen bond geometries and do not exploit the possibilities indicated by water molecules. Therefore, we suggest the inclusion of shape-based descriptors rather than hydrogen-bond patterns in virtual screening protocols for the identification of innovative minor groove-binding scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun M Spitzer
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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35
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Laufer S, Lehmann F. Investigations of SCIO-469-like compounds for the inhibition of p38 MAP kinase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1461-4. [PMID: 19195885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The p38 MAP kinase is implicated in the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFalpha and IL-1b. Inhibition of cytokine release may be a useful treatment for inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. A new lead structure for p38 MAP kinase inhibition was identified. Herein, we report the SAR of this new class of p38 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Laufer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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36
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Spitzer GM, Fuchs JE, Markt P, Kirchmair J, Wellenzohn B, Langer T, Liedl KR. Sequence-Specific Positions of Water Molecules at the Interface between DNA and Minor Groove Binders. Chemphyschem 2008; 9:2766-71. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200800647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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37
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Potkin VI, Zubenko YS, Petkevich SK. Reaction of 4,5-dichloro-3-trichloromethylisothiazole with heterocyclic amines. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428008080186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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Gabriel GJ, Tew GN. Conformationally rigid proteomimetics: a case study in designing antimicrobial aryl oligomers. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 6:417-23. [PMID: 18219405 DOI: 10.1039/b714490n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promise of proteomics to provide a vast library of protein structural data is exciting to scientists desiring an unprecedented understanding of the relationship between protein structure and function. This powerful knowledge will provide insight into the design rules for proteomimetics which are oligomers and polymers that can be more stable and inexpensive to produce than natural proteins, but still emulate the main biological function of the natural molecule. This Emerging Area article is intended to stimulate discussion on innovative strategies to design the next generation of proteomimetics. Specifically we will examine the design evolution of facially amphiphilic aryl oligomers, compounds that act as synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides (SMAMPs) and are known to interact with lipid bilayers. An increasingly important goal in the field of antimicrobial polymers is to develop strategies to rationally design membrane-binding SMAMPs, that are highly cell-selective, from any preferred backbone and molecular weight. It is expected that lessons learned from studying these oligomers can be applied to other systems where mimics are desired to interact with extended surfaces and where it would be most productive to consider mimicking the protein of interest with a large molecule. Obvious examples include disrupting protein-protein interactions or binding long tracts of DNA to control gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Gabriel
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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39
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Anthony NG, Breen D, Clarke J, Donoghue G, Drummond AJ, Ellis EM, Gemmell CG, Helesbeux JJ, Hunter IS, Khalaf AI, Mackay SP, Parkinson JA, Suckling CJ, Waigh RD. Antimicrobial Lexitropsins Containing Amide, Amidine, and Alkene Linking Groups. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6116-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jm070831g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Khedkar SA, Malde AK, Coutinho EC. CoMFA study of distamycin analogs binding to the minor-groove of DNA: a unified model for broad-spectrum activity. J Mol Model 2007; 13:1099-108. [PMID: 17690925 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-007-0234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2006] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A 3D-QSAR analysis has been carried out by comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) on a series of distamycin analogs that bind to the DNA of drug-resistant bacterial strains MRSA, PRSP and VSEF. The structures of the molecules were derived from the X-ray structure of distamycin bound to DNA and were aligned using the Database alignment method in Sybyl. Statistically significant CoMFA models for each activity were generated. The CoMFA contours throw light on the structure activity relationship (SAR) and help to identify novel features that can be incorporated into the distamycin framework to improve the activity. Common contours have been gleaned from the three models to construct a unified model that explains the steric and electrostatic requirements for antimicrobial activity against the three resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh A Khedkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, India
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41
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Araya F, Huchet G, McGroarty I, Skellern GG, Waigh RD. Capillary electrophoresis for studying drug–DNA interactions. Methods 2007; 42:141-9. [PMID: 17472896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 09/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new drugs to treat disease by binding directly to DNA offers much promise but is reliant on methods to determine the relative affinity of the putative drug for different DNA sequences. Such methods should ideally be rapid and inexpensive as well as reliable. Use of capillary electrophoresis in simple silica columns offers such a method. The development of systems in which the solvent carries a soluble polymer allows the reliable separation of DNA oligomers, of 12-20 bp in length, which can then be titrated with the ligand in competition experiments. The results obtained are comparable with those obtained by footprinting and give direct graphical output, easily analysed for relative binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitsumbirhan Araya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, UK
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42
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Hadjivassileva T, Stapleton PD, Thurston DE, Taylor PW. Interactions of pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimers and duplex DNA from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007; 29:672-8. [PMID: 17350809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2006] [Revised: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Binding of two bactericidal pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimers, SJG-136 and ELB-21, to genomic DNA from Staphylococcus aureus EMRSA-16 was investigated. Both agents cross-linked purified EMRSA-16 DNA. The more potent agent, ELB-21, had a greater capacity to cross-link DNA after incubation with intact cells than SJG-136. Extensive interstrand cross-linking at multiple sites on the EMRSA-16 genome was demonstrated by probing EcoRI-restricted DNA with mecA and 16S rDNA. Cross-linking was again greater in DNA extracted from ELB-21-treated cells and was compatible with frequency analysis of preferred binding sequences in EMRSA-16 DNA. These studies support the premise that the potency of ELB-21 is due to efficient cell penetration and provide evidence that the antibacterial activity of PBD dimers results from cross-linking at specific genomic sites.
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43
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Baraldi PG, Preti D, Fruttarolo F, Tabrizi MA, Romagnoli R. Hybrid molecules between distamycin A and active moieties of antitumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:17-35. [PMID: 17081759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2006] [Revised: 06/29/2006] [Accepted: 07/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The DNA minor groove is an attractive target for the design and development of molecules able to specifically recognize predetermined DNA sequences. The pyrrole-amide skeleton of distamycin A has been also used as DNA sequence selective vehicle for the delivery of alkylating functions to DNA targets. Selectivity for specific sequences may be of particular importance in affecting the activity of regulatory genes (oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes). Recent work on a number of hybrid compounds, in which known antitumor compounds or simple active moieties of known antitumor agents have been tethered to distamycin frame or hairpin polyamides derived from distamycin, is reviewed. The DNA alkylating and growth inhibition activities against several tumor cell lines are reported and discussed in terms of their structural differences in relation to both the number of N-methyl pyrrolic rings and the type of the alkylating unit tethered to the oligopyrrolic frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- University of Ferrara, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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44
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Nickols NG, Jacobs CS, Farkas ME, Dervan PB. Improved nuclear localization of DNA-binding polyamides. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 35:363-70. [PMID: 17175539 PMCID: PMC1802595 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of endogenous genes by DNA-binding polyamides requires effective nuclear localization. Previous work employing confocal microscopy to study uptake of fluorophore-labeled polyamides has demonstrated the difficulty of predicting a priori the nuclear uptake of a given polyamide. The data suggest that dye identity influences uptake sufficiently such that a dye-conjugate cannot be used as a proxy for unlabeled analogs. Polyamides capable of nuclear localization unaided by fluorescent dyes are desirable due to size and other limitations of fluorophores. Recently, a polyamide-fluorescein conjugate targeted to the hypoxia response element (HRE) was found to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in cultured HeLa cells. The current study uses inhibition of VEGF expression as a biological read-out for effective nuclear localization of HRE-targeted polyamides. We synthesized a focused library of non-fluorescent, HRE-targeted polyamides in which the C-terminus ‘tail’ has been systematically varied. Members of this library bind the HRE with affinities comparable or superior to that of the fluorescein-labeled analog. Although most library members demonstrate modest or no biological activity, two non-fluorescent polyamides are reported with activity rivaling that of the previously reported fluorescein-labeled polyamide. We also show evidence that promoter occupancy by HIF-1, the transcription factor that binds the HRE, is inhibited by HRE-targeted polyamides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter B. Dervan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 626 395 6002; Fax: +1 626 683 8753;
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45
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Warshakoon NC, Wu S, Boyer A, Kawamoto R, Sheville J, Renock S, Xu K, Pokross M, Evdokimov AG, Walter R, Mekel M. A novel series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as HIF-1α prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5598-601. [PMID: 16962772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Revised: 08/02/2006] [Accepted: 08/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing modeling information from a recently resolved structure of human HIF-1alpha prolyl hydroxylase (EGLN1) and structure-based design, a novel series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives was prepared. The activity of these compounds was determined in a human EGLN1 assay and a limited SAR was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namal C Warshakoon
- Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, OH 45040, USA.
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46
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Dolenc J, Baron R, Oostenbrink C, Koller J, van Gunsteren WF. Configurational entropy change of netropsin and distamycin upon DNA minor-groove binding. Biophys J 2006; 91:1460-70. [PMID: 16731550 PMCID: PMC1518646 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.105.074617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 03/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of a small molecule to a macromolecular target reduces its conformational freedom, resulting in a negative entropy change that opposes the binding. The goal of this study is to estimate the configurational entropy change of two minor-groove-binding ligands, netropsin and distamycin, upon binding to the DNA duplex d(CGCGAAAAACGCG).d(CGCGTTTTTCGCG). Configurational entropy upper bounds based on 10-ns molecular dynamics simulations of netropsin and distamycin in solution and in complex with DNA in solution were estimated using the covariance matrix of atom-positional fluctuations. The results suggest that netropsin and distamycin lose a significant amount of configurational entropy upon binding to the DNA minor groove. The estimated changes in configurational entropy for netropsin and distamycin are -127 J K(-1) mol(-1) and -104 J K(-1) mol(-1), respectively. Estimates of the configurational entropy contributions of parts of the ligands are presented, showing that the loss of configurational entropy is comparatively more pronounced for the flexible tails than for the relatively rigid central body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozica Dolenc
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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47
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Romagnoli R, Baraldi PG, Iaconinoto MA, Carrion MD, Tabrizi MA, Gambari R, Borgatti M, Heilmann J. Synthesis and biological activity of alpha-bromoacryloyl lexitropsin conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2005; 40:1123-8. [PMID: 16006014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2005.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2005] [Revised: 05/17/2005] [Accepted: 05/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis and biological evaluation of lexitropsins bearing mixed heterocyclic and benzoheterocyclic moieties and tethered to an alpha-bromo acrylic moiety acting as alkylating moiety are reported, and structure-activity relationships determined. With respect to antiproliferative activity against L1210 and K562 cells, compounds 7 and 10 showed the greatest potency, while compounds 4 and 5 exhibit the lowest activity. Among the synthesized compounds 4-12, the derivative 10 was found to be the most potent member of this class and it is 70-fold more active than the bis-pyrrole counterpart 3 against L1210 cell line. In addition, the cytotoxicity of derivatives 5-12 against KB cells and the influence of different glutathione (GSH) concentrations on the cytotoxic effects was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Romagnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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48
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Abstract
The development of new antibiotics is crucial to controlling current and future infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Increased development costs, the difficulty in identifying new drug classes, unanticipated drug toxicities, the ease by which bacteria develop resistance to new antibiotics and the failure of many agents to address antibiotic resistance specifically, however, have all led to an overall decline in the number of antibiotics that are being introduced into clinical practice. Although there are few, if any, advances likely in the immediate future, there are agents in both clinical and preclinical development that can address some of the concerns of the infectious disease community. Many of these antibiotics will be tailored to specific infections caused by a relatively modest number of susceptible and resistant organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Alekshun
- Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 75 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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49
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Ziegert RE, Toräng J, Knepper K, Bräse S. The Recent Impact of Solid-Phase Synthesis on Medicinally Relevant Benzoannelated Oxygen Heterocycles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 7:147-69. [PMID: 15762741 DOI: 10.1021/cc049879v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Ziegert
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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50
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Bürli RW, McMinn D, Kaizerman JA, Hu W, Ge Y, Pack Q, Jiang V, Gross M, Garcia M, Tanaka R, Moser HE. DNA binding ligands targeting drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Part 1: Internal benzimidazole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1253-7. [PMID: 14980676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2003] [Revised: 12/03/2003] [Accepted: 12/09/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel DNA minor-groove binding ligands with a promising antibacterial profile are described. Apart from excellent in vitro potency against multiple Gram-positive bacterial strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), and penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae (PISP), a small subset of compounds was active against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland W Bürli
- Genesoft Pharmaceuticals Inc., 7300 Shoreline Court, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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