1
|
Kumar N, Sharma AK, Guleria M, Shelar SB, Chakraborty A, Rakshit S, Kolay S, Satpati D, Das T. Nuclear Localization Signal Enhances the Targeting and Therapeutic Efficacy of a Porphyrin-Based Molecular Cargo: A Systemic In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2351-2364. [PMID: 38477252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the potential of a nuclear localization signal (NLS) toward facilitating intracellular delivery and enhancement in the therapeutic efficacy of the molecular cargo. Toward this, an in-house synthesized porphyrin derivative, namely, 5-carboxymethyelene-oxyphenyl-10,15,20-tris(4-methoxyphenyl) porphyrin (UTriMA), was utilized for conjugation with the NLS sequence [PKKKRKV]. The three compounds synthesized during the course of the present work, namely DOTA-Lys-NLS, DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS, and DOTA-Lys-UTriMA, were evaluated for cellular toxicity in cancer cell lines (HT1080), wherein all exhibited minimal dark toxicity. However, during photocytotoxicity studies with DOTA-Lys-UTriMA and DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS conjugates in the same cell line, the latter exhibited significantly higher light-dependent toxicity compared to the former. Furthermore, the photocytotoxicity for DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS in a healthy cell line (WI26VA4) was found to be significantly lower than that observed in the cancer cells. Fluorescence cell imaging studies carried out in HT1080 cancer cells revealed intracellular accumulation for the NLS-conjugated porphyrin (DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS), whereas unconjugated porphyrin (DOTA-Lys-UTriMA) failed to do so. To evaluate the radiotherapeutic effects of the synthesized conjugates, all three compounds were radiolabeled with 177Lu, a well-known therapeutic radionuclide with high radiochemical purity (>95%). During in vitro studies, the [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS complex exhibited the highest cell binding as well as internalization among the three radiolabeled complexes. Biological distribution studies for the radiolabeled compounds were performed in a fibrosarcoma-bearing small animal model, wherein significantly higher accumulation and prolonged retention of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS (9.32 ± 1.27% IA/g at 24 h p.i.) in the tumorous lesion compared to [177Lu]Lu-UTriMA-Lys-DOTA (2.3 ± 0.13% IA/g at 24 h p.i.) and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-Lys-NLS complexes (0.26 ± 0.17% IA/g at 24 h p.i.) were observed. The results of the biodistribution studies were further corroborated by recording serial SPECT-CT images of fibrosarcoma-bearing Swiss mice administered with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS at different time points. Tumor regression studies performed with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-UTriMA-Lys-NLS in the same animal model with two different doses [250 μCi (9.25 MBq) and 500 μCi (18.5 MBq)] resulted in a significant reduction in tumor mass in the treated group of animals. The above results revealed a definite enhancement in the targeting ability of molecular cargo upon conjugation with NLS and hence indicated that this strategy may be helpful for the preparation of drug-NLS conjugates as multimodal agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Amit K Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Mohini Guleria
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Sandeep B Shelar
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Avik Chakraborty
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sutapa Rakshit
- Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Soumi Kolay
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Drishty Satpati
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ghosh C, Ali LMA, Bessin Y, Clément S, Richeter S, Bettache N, Ulrich S. Self-assembled porphyrin-peptide cages for photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1484-1494. [PMID: 38289387 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01887c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The development of photodynamic therapy requires access to smart photosensitizers which combine appropriate photophysical and biological properties. Interestingly, supramolecular and dynamic covalent chemistries have recently shown their ability to produce novel architectures and responsive systems through simple self-assembly approaches. Herein, we report the straightforward formation of porphyrin-peptide conjugates and cage compounds which feature on their surface chemical groups promoting cell uptake and specific organelle targeting. We show that they self-assemble, in aqueous media, into positively-charged nanoparticles which generate singlet oxygen upon green light irradiation, while also undergoing a chemically-controlled disassembly due to the presence of reversible covalent linkages. Finally, the biological evaluation in cells revealed that they act as effective photosensitizers and promote synergistic effects in combination with Doxorubicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandramouli Ghosh
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Lamiaa M A Ali
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
- Department of Biochemistry Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, 21561 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yannick Bessin
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sébastien Clément
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Richeter
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier (ICGM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nadir Bettache
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sébastien Ulrich
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sasaki I, Brégier F, Chemin G, Daniel J, Couvez J, Chkair R, Vaultier M, Sol V, Blanchard-Desce M. Hydrophilic Biocompatible Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles as Nanocarriers for Biosourced Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:216. [PMID: 38276734 PMCID: PMC10819872 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Most photosensitizers of interest for photodynamic therapy-especially porphyrinoids and chlorins-are hydrophobic. To circumvent this difficulty, the use of nanocarriers is an attractive strategy. In this perspective, we have developed highly water-soluble and biocompatible fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONPs) made from citric acid and diethyltriamine which are then activated by ethlynene diamine as nanoplatforms for efficient photosensitizers (PSs). Purpurin 18 (Pp18) was selected as a biosourced chlorin photosensitizer combining the efficient single oxygen generation ability and suitable absorption in the biological spectral window. The simple reaction of activated FONPs with Pp18, which contains a reactive anhydride ring, yielded nanoparticles containing both Pp18 and Cp6 derivatives. These functionalized nanoparticles combine solubility in water, high singlet oxygen generation quantum yield in aqueous media (0.72) and absorption both in the near UV region (FONPS) and in the visible region (Soret band approximately 420 nm as well as Q bands at 500 nm, 560 nm, 660 nm and 710 nm). The functionalized nanoparticles retain the blue fluorescence of FONPs when excited in the near UV region but also show deep-red or NIR fluorescence when excited in the visible absorption bands of the PSs (typically at 520 nm, 660 nm or 710 nm). Moreover, these nanoparticles behave as efficient photosensitizers inducing colorectal cancer cell (HCT116 and HT-29 cell lines) death upon illumination at 650 nm. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values down to, respectively, 0.04 and 0.13 nmol/mL were observed showing the potential of FONPs[Cp6] for the PDT treatment of cancer. In conclusion, we have shown that these novel biocompatible nanoparticles, which can be elaborated from biosourced components, both show deep-red emission upon excitation in the red region and are able to produce singlet oxygen with high efficiency in aqueous environments. Moreover, they show high PDT efficiency on colorectal cancer cells upon excitation in the deep red region. As such, these functional organic nanoparticles hold promise both for PDT treatment and theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Sasaki
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR5255), University of Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Bat A12, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France (J.C.)
| | - Frédérique Brégier
- Laboratoire des Agroressources, Biomolécules et Chimie pour l’Innovation en Santé (LABCiS, UR22722), University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France; (F.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Guillaume Chemin
- Laboratoire des Agroressources, Biomolécules et Chimie pour l’Innovation en Santé (LABCiS, UR22722), University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France; (F.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Jonathan Daniel
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR5255), University of Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Bat A12, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France (J.C.)
| | - Justine Couvez
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR5255), University of Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Bat A12, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France (J.C.)
| | - Rayan Chkair
- Laboratoire des Agroressources, Biomolécules et Chimie pour l’Innovation en Santé (LABCiS, UR22722), University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France; (F.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Michel Vaultier
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR5255), University of Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Bat A12, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France (J.C.)
| | - Vincent Sol
- Laboratoire des Agroressources, Biomolécules et Chimie pour l’Innovation en Santé (LABCiS, UR22722), University of Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France; (F.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR5255), University of Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Bat A12, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France (J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Harmandar K, Küçük T, Önal E, İbişoğlu H, Atilla D, Şahin Ün Ş. New asymmetric AB3-type free-base and metalloporphyrin-cyclotriphosphazene conjugates: Synthesis and photophysical-photochemical properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
5
|
Harmandar K, Giray G, Önal E, Sengul IF, Özdemir S, Atilla D. New AB 3-type porphyrins with piperidine and morpholine motifs; synthesis and photo-physicochemical and biological properties. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2672-2683. [PMID: 36745464 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03738f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, new unsymmetrical meso-tetraaryl AB3-type porphyrins 1 and 2 were successfully synthesized by the reaction of p-bromobenzaldehyde and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde with pyrrole in propionic acid. AB3-type porphyrin building blocks with hydroxyl functionality (1 and 2) were further used to generate both covalently linked metal free and Zn(II) porphyrins 3-6 having piperidine and morpholine heterocyclic units. These novel compounds were characterized by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR and MALDI-TOF spectrophotometry. The photophysical and photochemical properties of compounds 1-6 were investigated by employing UV-vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy in tetrahydrofuran (THF). From the view of biological properties, the antioxidant capacities of porphyrins were determined by using DPPH radical scavenging activity and 2 was determined as the most potent porphyrin analog with a value of 98.42% at 200 mg L-1. All the targeted compounds displayed significant DNA nuclease activity. In addition, the antimicrobial potential of compounds 1-6 was also investigated by a micro-dilution process and 2 was found to be the most effective candidate against the tested microbial strains. The newly synthesized porphyrins also showed 100% microbial cell viability inhibition against E. coli at all examined concentrations. In terms of biofilm inhibition activity, the best results for the maximum photodynamic antimicrobial biofilm inhibition of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were obtained by compound 2 with the values of 99.75% and 93.39%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Harmandar
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Gülay Giray
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Ihsangazi Technical Science Vocational School, Ihsangazi, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Emel Önal
- Doğuş University, Faculty of Engineering, Ümraniye, 34775, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim F Sengul
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Sadin Özdemir
- Food Processing Programme, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, TR-33343 Yenisehir, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Devrim Atilla
- Gebze Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alemayehu AB, Ghosh A. Phenol- and resorcinol-appended metallocorroles and their derivatization with fluorous tags. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19256. [PMID: 36357501 PMCID: PMC9649713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron tribromide-mediated demethylation of rhenium-oxo and gold meso-tris(4-methoxyphenyl)corrole and meso-tris(3,5-dimethoxyphenylcorrole), M[TpOMePC] and M[T(3,5-OMe)PC] (M = ReO, Au), have yielded the corresponding phenol- and resorcinol-appended metallocorroles, M[TpOHPC] and M[T(3,5-OH)PC], in good yields. The latter compounds proved insoluble in dichloromethane and chloroform but soluble in THF. The M[T(3,5-OH)PC] derivatives also proved moderately soluble in 0.05 M aqueous KOH. Unlike oxidation-prone aminophenyl-substituted corroles, the phenol- and resorcinol-appended metallocorroles could be readily handled in air without special precautions. The phenolic metallocorroles could be readily alkylated with 4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl iodide ("FtI") to afford the fluorous-tagged metallocorroles M[TpOFtPC] and M[T(3,5-OFt)PC] in > 90% yields. The simplicity of the synthetic protocols promise a wide range of phenolic and fluorous-tagged porphyrin analogues with potential applications to diverse fields such as sensors, catalysis, and photodynamic therapy, among others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham B. Alemayehu
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zanetti C, Gaspar RDL, Zhdanov AV, Maguire NM, Joyce SA, Collins SG, Maguire AR, Papkovsky DB. Heterosubstituted Derivatives of PtPFPP for O 2 Sensing and Cell Analysis: Structure–Activity Relationships. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2161-2169. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Zanetti
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland
| | | | - Alexander V. Zhdanov
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland
| | - Nuala M. Maguire
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Susan A. Joyce
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland
| | - Stuart G. Collins
- School of Chemistry, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Anita R. Maguire
- School of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Dmitri B. Papkovsky
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dukh M, Cacaccio J, Durrani FA, Kumar I, Watson R, Tabaczynski WA, Joshi P, Missert JR, Baumann H, Pandey RK. Impact of mono- and di-β-galactose moieties in in vitro / in vivo anticancer efficacy of pyropheophorbide-carbohydrate conjugates by photodynamic therapy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY REPORTS 2022; 5:100047. [PMID: 36568335 PMCID: PMC9776133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmcr.2022.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of mono- and di-β-galactose moieties in tumor uptake and photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy, HPPH [3-(1'-hexyloxy)ethyl-3-devinylpyropheophorobide-a], the meso pyropheophorbide-a [3-ethyl-3-devinyl-pyropheophorbide-a], and the corresponding 20-benzoic acid analogs were used as starting materials. Reaction of the intermediates containing one or two carboxylic acid functionalities with 1-aminogalactose afforded the desired 172- or 20(4')- mono- and 172, 20(4')-di galactose conjugated photosensitizers (PSs) with and without a carboxylic acid group. The overall lipophilicity caused by the presence of galactose in combination with either an ethyl or (1'-hexyloxy)ethyl side chain at position-3 of the macrocycle made a significant difference in in vitro uptake by tumor cells and photoreaction upon light exposure. Interestingly, among the PSs investigated, compared to HPPH 1 the carbohydrate conjugates 2 and 11 in which β-galactose moieties are conjugated at positions 172 and 20(4') of meso-pyro pheophorbide-a showed similar in vitro efficacy in FaDu cell lines, but in SCID mice bearing FaDu tumors (head & neck) Ps 11 gave significantly improved long-term tumor cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mykhaylo Dukh
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | | | | | - Ishaan Kumar
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Ramona Watson
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | | | - Penny Joshi
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | | | - Heinz Baumann
- Molecular & Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Ravindra K. Pandey
- PDT Center, Cell Stress Biology, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA,Corresponding author. (R.K. Pandey)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Soe TH, Watanabe K, Ohtsuki T. Photoinduced Endosomal Escape Mechanism: A View from Photochemical Internalization Mediated by CPP-Photosensitizer Conjugates. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010036. [PMID: 33374732 PMCID: PMC7793540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal escape in cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-based drug/macromolecule delivery systems is frequently insufficient. The CPP-fused molecules tend to remain trapped inside endosomes and end up being degraded rather than delivered into the cytosol. One of the methods for endosomal escape of CPP-fused molecules is photochemical internalization (PCI), which is based on the use of light and a photosensitizer and relies on photoinduced endosomal membrane destabilization to release the cargo molecule. Currently, it remains unclear how this delivery strategy behaves after photostimulation. Recent findings, including our studies using CPP-cargo-photosensitizer conjugates, have shed light on the photoinduced endosomal escape mechanism. In this review, we discuss the structural design of CPP-photosensitizer and CPP-cargo-photosensitizer conjugates, and the PCI mechanism underlying their application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tet Htut Soe
- Department of Biotechnology, Mandalay Technological University, Patheingyi, Mandalay 05072, Myanmar;
| | - Kazunori Watanabe
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Takashi Ohtsuki
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-251-8218
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin Y, Zhou T, Bai R, Xie Y. Chemical approaches for the enhancement of porphyrin skeleton-based photodynamic therapy. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1080-1099. [PMID: 32329382 PMCID: PMC7241559 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1755669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of photodynamic therapy (PDT), remarkable studies have been conducted to generate photosensitisers (PSs), especially porphyrin PSs. A variety of chemical modifications of the porphyrin skeleton have been introduced to improve cellular delivery, stability, and selectivity for cancerous tissues. This review aims to highlight the developments in porphyrin-based structural modifications, with a specific emphasis on the role of PDT in anticancer treatment and the design of PSs to achieve a synergistic effect on multiple targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renren Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Barrabés S, Ng-Choi I, Martínez MÁ, Manzano BR, Jalón FA, Espino G, Feliu L, Planas M, de Llorens R, Massaguer A. A nucleus-directed bombesin derivative for targeted delivery of metallodrugs to cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 212:111214. [PMID: 32919249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized a set of bombesin derivatives with the aim of exploring their tumor targeting properties to deliver metal-based chemotherapeutics into cancer cells. Peptide QRLGNQWAVGHLL-NH2 (BN3) was selected based on its high internalization in gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-overexpressing PC-3 cells. Three metallopeptides were prepared by incorporating the terpyridine Pt(II) complex [PtCl(cptpy)]Cl (1) (cptpy = 4'-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,2':6,2″-terpyridine) at the N-terminus of BN3 or at the NƐ- or Nα-amino group of an additional Lys residue (1-BN3, Lys-1-BN3 and 1-Lys-BN3, respectively). 1-Lys-BN3 displayed the best cytotoxic activity (IC50: 19.2 ± 1.7 μM) and similar ability to intercalate into DNA than complex 1. Moreover, the polypyridine Ru(II) complex [Ru(bpy)2)(cmbpy)](PF6)2 (2) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; cmbpy = 4-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine-4'-carboxylic acid), with proven activity as photosensitizer, was coupled to BN3 leading to metallopeptide 2-Lys-BN3. Upon photoactivation, 2-Lys-BN3 displayed 2.5-fold higher cytotoxicity against PC-3 cells (IC50: 7.6 ± 1.0 μM) than complex 2. To enhance the accumulation of the drugs into the cell nucleus, the nuclear localization signal (NLS) PKKKRKV was incorporated at the N-terminus of BN3. NLS-BN3 displayed higher cellular internalization along with nuclear biodistribution. Accordingly, metallopeptides 1-NLS-BN3 and 2-NLS-BN3 showed increased cytotoxicity (IC50: 12.0 ± 1.1 μM and 2.3 ± 1.1 μM). Interestingly, the phototoxic index of 2-NLS-BN3 was 8-fold higher than that of complex 2. Next, the selectivity towards cancer cells was explored using 1BR3.G fibroblasts. Higher selectivity indexes were obtained for 1-NLS-BN3 and 2-NLS-BN3 than for the unconjugated complexes. These results prove NLS-BN3 effective for targeted delivery of metallodrugs to GRPR-overexpressing cells and for enhancing the cytotoxic efficacy of metal-based photosensitizers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Barrabés
- Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Iteng Ng-Choi
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martínez
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Blanca R Manzano
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Avda. Camilo J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Félix A Jalón
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Avda. Camilo J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Lidia Feliu
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Marta Planas
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Rafael de Llorens
- Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Massaguer
- Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Feese E, Gracz HS, Boyle PD, Ghiladi RA. Towards microbe-targeted photosensitizers: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro photodynamic inactivation of the tuberculosis model pathogen M. smegmatis by porphyrin-peptide conjugates. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619501505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrin-peptide conjugates have a breadth of potential applications, including use in photodynamic therapy, boron neutron capture therapy, as fluorescence imaging tags for tracking subcellular localization, as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) positive-contrast reagents and as biomimetic catalysts. Here, we have explored three general routes to porphyrin-peptide conjugates using the Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen-Medal-Sharpless 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of peptide-containing azides with a terminal alkyne-containing porphyrin, thereby generating porphyrin-peptide conjugates (PPCs) comprised of a cationic porphyrin coupled to short antimicrobial peptides. In addition to characterizing the PPCs using a variety of spectroscopic (UV-vis, [Formula: see text]H- and [Formula: see text]C-NMR) and mass spectrometric methods, we evaluated their efficacy as photosensitizers for the in vitro photodynamic inactivation of Mycobacterium smegmatis as a model for the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Difficulties that needed to be overcome for the efficient synthesis of PPCs were the limited solubility of the quaternized pyridyl porphyrin in common solvents, undesired (de)metallation and transmetallation, and chromatographic purification. Photodynamic inactivation studies of a small library of PPCs against Mycobacterium smegmatis confirmed our hypothesis that the porphyrin-based photosensitizer maintains its ability to efficiently inactivate bacteria when conjugated to a small peptide by upwards of 5–6 log units (99.999[Formula: see text]%) using white light illumination (400–700 nm, 60 mW/cm[Formula: see text], 30 min). Further, hemolysis assays revealed the lack of toxicity of the PPCs against sheep blood at concentrations employed for in vitro photodynamic inactivation. Taken together, the results demonstrated the ability of PPCs to maintain their antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation efficacy when possessing a short cationic peptides for enabling the potential targeting of pathogens in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Feese
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA
| | - Hanna S. Gracz
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul D. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA
| | - Reza A. Ghiladi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Monteiro CJ, Jesus P, Davies ML, Ferreira D, Arnaut LG, Gallardo I, Pereira MM, Serpa C. Control of the distance between porphyrin sensitizers and the TiO2 surface in solar cells by designed anchoring groups. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
14
|
Ling Z, Xu F, Edwards JV, Prevost NT, Nam S, Condon BD, French AD. Nanocellulose as a colorimetric biosensor for effective and facile detection of human neutrophil elastase. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 216:360-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
15
|
Sandland J, Boyle RW. Photosensitizer Antibody–Drug Conjugates: Past, Present, and Future. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:975-993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
16
|
Lin F, Bao YW, Wu FG. Improving the Phototherapeutic Efficiencies of Molecular and Nanoscale Materials by Targeting Mitochondria. Molecules 2018; 23:E3016. [PMID: 30453692 PMCID: PMC6278291 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-targeted cancer phototherapy (PT), which works by delivering photoresponsive agents specifically to mitochondria, is a powerful strategy to improve the phototherapeutic efficiency of anticancer treatments. Mitochondria play an essential role in cellular apoptosis, and are relevant to the chemoresistance of cancer cells. Furthermore, mitochondria are a major player in many cellular processes and are highly sensitive to hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species. Therefore, mitochondria serve as excellent locations for organelle-targeted phototherapy. In this review, we focus on the recent advances of mitochondria-targeting materials for mitochondria-specific PT. The combination of mitochondria-targeted PT with other anticancer strategies is also summarized. In addition, we discuss both the challenges currently faced by mitochondria-based cancer PT and the promises it holds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengming Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Gobbo
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadova35131 Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR, Padova UnitPadova35131 Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Okuda-Shinagawa NM, Moskalenko YE, Junqueira HC, Baptista M, Marques CM, Machini MT. Fluorescent and Photosensitizing Conjugates of Cell-Penetrating Peptide TAT(47-57): Design, Microwave-Assisted Synthesis at 60 °C, and Properties. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8156-8166. [PMID: 30023576 PMCID: PMC6044864 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Conjugates based on cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are scientifically relevant owing to their structural complexity; their ability to enter cells and deliver drugs, labels, antioxidants, bioactive compounds, or DNA fragments; and, consequently, their potential for application in research and biomedicine. In this study, carboxyamidated fluorescently labeled conjugates FAM-GG-TAT(47-57)-NH2 and FAM-PEG6-TAT(47-57)-NH2 and photosensitizer-labeled conjugate Chk-PEG6-TAT(47-57)-NH2 [where TAT(47-57) is the CPP, 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein is the (FAM) fluorophore, chlorin k (Chk) is the photosensitizer, and the dipeptide glycyl-glycine (GG) or hexaethylene glycol (PEG6) is the spacer] were originally designed, prepared, and fully characterized. Practically, all chemical reactions of the synthetic steps (peptide synthesis, spacer incorporation, and conjugation) were microwave-assisted at 60 °C using optimized protocols to give satisfying yields and high-quality products. Detailed analyses of the conjugates using spectrofluorimetry and singlet oxygen detection showed that they display photophysical properties typical of FAM or Chk. Anticandidal activity assays showed that not only this basic property of TAT(47-57) was preserved in the conjugates but also that the minimal inhibitory concentration was slightly reduced for cells incubated with PS-bearing conjugate Chk-PEG6-TAT(47-57)-NH2. Overall, these results indicated that the synthetic approach on-resin assisted by microwaves at 60 °C is simple, straightforward, selective, metal-free, sufficiently fast, cleaner, and more cost-effective than those previously used for preparing this type of macromolecule. Furthermore, such new data show that microwaves at 60 °C and/or conjugation did not harm the integrity of the conjugates' constituents. Therefore, FAM-GG-TAT(47-57)-NH2, FAM-PEG6-TAT(47-57)-NH2, and Chk-PEG6-TAT(47-57)-NH2 have high potential for practical applications in biochemistry, biophysics, and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy M. Okuda-Shinagawa
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, 05508-000 São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Yulia E. Moskalenko
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, 05508-000 São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena C. Junqueira
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, 05508-000 São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício
S. Baptista
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, 05508-000 São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos M. Marques
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, 05508-000 São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Institut
Charles Sadron, Université de Strasbourg,
UPR22-CNRS, 23, rue du
Loess, BP 84047, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, Strasbourg, France
| | - M. Terêsa Machini
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, 05508-000 São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Moret F, Reddi E. Strategies for optimizing the delivery to tumors of macrocyclic photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review briefly summaries the principles and mechanisms of action of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as concerns its application in the oncological field, highlighting its drawbacks and some of the strategies that have been or are being explored to overcome them. The major aim is to increase the efficiency and selectivity of the photosensitizer (PS) uptake in the cancer cells for optimizing the PDT effects on tumors while sparing normal cells. Some attempts to achieve this are based on the conjugation of the PS to biomolecules (small ligands, peptides) functioning as carriers with the ability to efficiently penetrate cells and/or specifically recognize and bind proteins/receptors overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells. Alternatively, the PS can be entrapped in nanocarriers derived from various types of materials that can target the tumor by exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects. The use of nanocarriers is particularly attractive because it allows the simultaneous delivery of more than one drug with the possibility of combining PDT with other therapeutic modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Moret
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Reddi
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B 35121 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yaghini E, Dondi R, Tewari KM, Loizidou M, Eggleston IM, MacRobert AJ. Endolysosomal targeting of a clinical chlorin photosensitiser for light-triggered delivery of nano-sized medicines. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6059. [PMID: 28729656 PMCID: PMC5519633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A major problem with many promising nano-sized biotherapeutics including macromolecules is that owing to their size they are subject to cellular uptake via endocytosis, and become entrapped and then degraded within endolysosomes, which can significantly impair their therapeutic efficacy. Photochemical internalisation (PCI) is a technique for inducing cytosolic release of the entrapped agents that harnesses sub-lethal photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a photosensitiser that localises in endolysosomal membranes. Using light to trigger reactive oxygen species-mediated rupture of the photosensitised endolysosomal membranes, the spatio-temporal selectivity of PCI then enables cytosolic release of the agents at the selected time after administration so that they can reach their intracellular targets. However, conventional photosensitisers used clinically for PDT are ineffective for photochemical internalisation owing to their sub-optimal intracellular localisation. In this work we demonstrate that such a photosensitiser, chlorin e6, can be repurposed for PCI by conjugating the chlorin to a cell penetrating peptide, using bioorthogonal ligation chemistry. The peptide conjugation enables targeting of endosomal membranes so that light-triggered cytosolic release of an entrapped nano-sized cytotoxin can be achieved with consequent improvement in cytotoxicity. The photoproperties of the chlorin moiety are also conserved, with comparable singlet oxygen quantum yields found to the free chlorin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Yaghini
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PE, UK.
| | - Ruggero Dondi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Kunal M Tewari
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PE, UK
| | - Ian M Eggleston
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Alexander J MacRobert
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Luciano M, Brückner C. Modifications of Porphyrins and Hydroporphyrins for Their Solubilization in Aqueous Media. Molecules 2017; 22:E980. [PMID: 28608838 PMCID: PMC6152633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing popularity of porphyrins and hydroporphyrins for use in a variety of biomedical (photodynamic therapy, fluorescence tagging and imaging, photoacoustic imaging) and technical (chemosensing, catalysis, light harvesting) applications is also associated with the growing number of methodologies that enable their solubilization in aqueous media. Natively, the vast majority of synthetic porphyrinic compounds are not water-soluble. Moreover, any water-solubility imposes several restrictions on the synthetic chemist on when to install solubilizing groups in the synthetic sequence, and how to isolate and purify these compounds. This review summarizes the chemical modifications to render synthetic porphyrins water-soluble, with a focus on the work disclosed since 2000. Where available, practical data such as solubility, indicators for the degree of aggregation, and special notes for the practitioner are listed. We hope that this review will guide synthetic chemists through the many strategies known to make porphyrins and hydroporphyrins water soluble.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Luciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang TY, Libardo MDJ, Angeles-Boza AM, Pellois JP. Membrane Oxidation in Cell Delivery and Cell Killing Applications. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1170-1182. [PMID: 28355059 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell delivery or cell killing processes often involve the crossing or disruption of cellular membranes. We review how, by modifying the composition and properties of membranes, membrane oxidation can be exploited to enhance the delivery of macromolecular cargoes into live human cells. We also describe how membrane oxidation can be utilized to achieve efficient killing of bacteria by antimicrobial peptides. Finally, we present recent evidence highlighting how membrane oxidation is intimately engaged in natural biological processes such as antigen delivery in dendritic cells and in the killing of bacteria by antimicrobial peptides. Overall, the insights that have been recently gained in this area should facilitate the development of more effective delivery technologies and antimicrobial therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - M. Daben J. Libardo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Alfredo M. Angeles-Boza
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Pellois
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao N, Williams TM, Zhou Z, Fronczek FR, Sibrian-Vazquez M, Jois SD, Vicente MGH. Synthesis of BODIPY-Peptide Conjugates for Fluorescence Labeling of EGFR Overexpressing Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1566-1579. [PMID: 28414435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regioselective functionalization of 2,3,5,6,8-pentachloro-BODIPY 1 produced unsymmetric BODIPY 5, bearing an isothiocyanate group suitable for conjugation, in only four steps. The X-ray structure of 5 reveals a nearly planar BODIPY core with aryl dihedral angles in the range 47.4-62.9°. Conjugation of 5 to two EGFR-targeting pegylated peptides, 3PEG-LARLLT (6) and 3PEG-GYHWYGYTPQNVI (7), under mild conditions (30 min at room temperature), afforded BODIPY conjugates 8 and 9 in 50-80% isolated yields. These conjugates showed red-shifted absorption and emission spectra compared with 5, in the near-IR region, and were evaluated as potential fluorescence imaging agents for EGFR overexpressing cells. SPR and docking investigations suggested that conjugate 8 bearing the LARLLT sequence binds to EGFR more effectively than 9 bearing the GYHWYGYTPQNVI peptide, in part due to the lower solubility of 9, and its tendency for aggregation at concentrations above 10 μM. Studies in human carcinoma HEp2 cells overexpressing EGFR demonstrated low dark and photo cytotoxicities for BODIPY 5 and the two peptide conjugates, and remarkably high cellular uptake for both conjugates 8 and 9, up to 90-fold compared with BODIPY 5 after 1 h. Fluorescence imaging studies in HEp2 cells revealed subcellular localization of the BODIPY-peptide conjugates mainly in the Golgi apparatus and the cell lysosomes. The low cytotoxicity of the new conjugates and their remarkably high uptake into EGFR overexpressing cells renders them promising imaging agents for cancers overexpressing EGFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Tyrslai M Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Frank R Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Martha Sibrian-Vazquez
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Seetharama D Jois
- Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe , Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
| | - M Graça H Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Morales P, Moreno L, Fernández-Ruiz J, Jagerovic N. Synthesis of a novel CB2 cannabinoid-porphyrin conjugate based on an antitumor chromenopyrazoledione. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the objective of developing an antitumor agent, the synthesis of a chromenopyrazoledione conjugated to a tetraphenylporphyrin is described. A complete conformational analysis of the novel porphyrin conjugate was performed using ab initio Hartree–Fock calculations at the 6-31G* level. The novel conjugate (14) shows stronger absorption intensity for both Soret and Q-bands than the free meso-tetraphenylporphyrin. It binds weakly but selectively to the cannabinoid receptor type-2. During the synthetic approach, a new tetraphenylporphyrin, 5-[4-(3,5-dioxomorpholino)phenyl]-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (10), has been characterized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Morales
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIS), Unidad Asociada, l+D+i IQM/Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIS), Unidad Asociada, l+D+i IQM/Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Ruiz
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades, Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadine Jagerovic
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIS), Unidad Asociada, l+D+i IQM/Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mion G, Mari C, Da Ros T, Rubbiani R, Gasser G, Gianferrara T. Towards the Synthesis of New Tumor Targeting Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy and Imaging Applications. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Mion
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; P.le Europa 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Cristina Mari
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Tatiana Da Ros
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; P.le Europa 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Riccardo Rubbiani
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University; Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology; F-75005 Paris France
| | - Teresa Gianferrara
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; P.le Europa 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dondi R, Yaghini E, Tewari KM, Wang L, Giuntini F, Loizidou M, MacRobert AJ, Eggleston IM. Flexible synthesis of cationic peptide-porphyrin derivatives for light-triggered drug delivery and photodynamic therapy. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:11488-11501. [PMID: 27886311 PMCID: PMC5166568 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02135b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient syntheses of cell-penetrating peptide-porphyrin conjugates are described using a variety of bioconjugation chemistries. This provides a flexible means to convert essentially hydrophobic tetrapyrolle photosensitisers into amphiphilic derivatives which are well-suited for use in light-triggered drug delivery by photochemical internalisation (PCI) and targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Dondi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - E Yaghini
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - K M Tewari
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - L Wang
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - F Giuntini
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - M Loizidou
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - A J MacRobert
- UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - I M Eggleston
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Meng Q, Fronczek FR, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of β,β'-dibenzo-3,5,8-triaryl-BODIPYs. NEW J CHEM 2016; 40:5740-5751. [PMID: 27708532 PMCID: PMC5047295 DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03324a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A series of β,β'-bicyclo-3,5-diaryl-BODIPYs were synthesized from the corresponding β,β'-bicyclo-3,5-diiodo-BODIPYs (1a,b) via Pd(0)-mediated Suzuki cross-coupling reactions in 82-92% yields. Subsequent aromatization with DDQ afforded the corresponding β,β'-dibenzo-aryl-BODIPYs, which showed red-shifted absorptions and emissions in the near-IR range. The dibenzo-appended BODIPYs showed characteristic 1H-, 13C-, 11B- and 19F-NMR shifts, and nearly planar conformations by X-ray crystallography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianli Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fontenot KR, Ongarora BG, LeBlanc LE, Zhou Z, Jois SD, Vicente MGH. Targeting of the epidermal growth factor receptor with mesoporphyrin IX-peptide conjugates. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016; 20:352-366. [PMID: 27738394 PMCID: PMC5058426 DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616500115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and in vitro evaluation of four mesoporphyrin IX-peptide conjugates designed to target EGFR, over-expressed in colorectal and other cancers, are reported. Two peptides with known affinity for EGFR, LARLLT (1) and GYHWYGYTPQNVI (2), were conjugated to mesoporphyrin IX (MPIX, 3) via one or both the propionic side chains, directly (4, 5) or with a triethylene glycol spacer (7, 8). The conjugates were characterized using NMR, MS, CD, SPR, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies. Energy minimization and molecular dynamics suggest different conformations for the conjugates. SPR studies show that conjugate 4, bearing two LARLLT with no PEG spacers, has the greatest affinity for binding to EGFR, followed by conjugate 7 with two PEG and two LARLLT sequences. Molecular modeling and docking studies suggest that both conjugates 4 and 7 can bind to monomer and dimer EGFR in open and closed conformations. The cytotoxicity and cellular targeting ability of the conjugates were investigated in human HEp2 cells over-expressing EGFR. All conjugates showed low dark- and photo-toxicities. The cellular uptake was highest for conjugates 4 and 8 and lowest for 7 bearing two LARLLT linked via PEG groups, likely due to decreased hydrophobicity. Among the conjugates investigated 4 is the most efficient EGFR-targeting agent, and therefore the most promising for the detection of cancers that over-express EGFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystal R. Fontenot
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Benson G. Ongarora
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Logan E. LeBlanc
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Seetharama D. Jois
- University of Louisiana at Monroe, School of Pharmacy, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li F, Liu Q, Liang Z, Wang J, Pang M, Huang W, Wu W, Hong Z. Synthesis and biological evaluation of peptide-conjugated phthalocyanine photosensitizers with highly hydrophilic modifications. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3409-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00122j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Highly hydrophilic modification enhances the selectivity of targeted photosensitizer delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Li
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Mingpei Pang
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
| | | | - Wenjie Wu
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- P. R. China
| | - Zhangyong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Life Sciences
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Paul AK, Karunakaran SC, Joseph J, Ramaiah D. Amino Acid-Porphyrin Conjugates: Synthesis and Study of their Photophysical and Metal Ion Recognition Properties. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:1348-55. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Albish K. Paul
- Photosciences and Photonics Section; Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
| | - Suneesh C. Karunakaran
- Photosciences and Photonics Section; Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
| | - Joshy Joseph
- Photosciences and Photonics Section; Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Danaboyina Ramaiah
- Photosciences and Photonics Section; Chemical Sciences and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology; Thiruvananthapuram Kerala India
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology; Jorhat Assam India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Singh S, Aggarwal A, Bhupathiraju NVSDK, Arianna G, Tiwari K, Drain CM. Glycosylated Porphyrins, Phthalocyanines, and Other Porphyrinoids for Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Chem Rev 2015; 115:10261-306. [PMID: 26317756 PMCID: PMC6011754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunaina Singh
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, New York 11101, United States
| | - Amit Aggarwal
- Department of Natural Sciences, LaGuardia Community College of the City University of New York, Long Island City, New York 11101, United States
| | - N. V. S. Dinesh K. Bhupathiraju
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Gianluca Arianna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Kirran Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Charles Michael Drain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mari C, Pierroz V, Leonidova A, Ferrari S, Gasser G. Towards Selective Light-Activated RuII-Based Prodrug Candidates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
33
|
Kitagishi H, Chai F, Negi S, Sugiura Y, Kano K. Supramolecular intracellular delivery of an anionic porphyrin by octaarginine-conjugated per-O-methyl-β-cyclodextrin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2421-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09042j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and efficient method for intracellular delivery of a water-soluble anionic porphyrin has been developed by utilizing its supramolecular interaction with per-O-methyl-β-cyclodextrin bearing an octaarginine chain as a cell-penetrating peptide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kitagishi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Doshisha University
- Kyotanabe
- Japan
| | - Fumihiko Chai
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Doshisha University
- Kyotanabe
- Japan
| | - Shigeru Negi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts
- Kyotanabe
- Japan
| | - Yukio Sugiura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts
- Kyotanabe
- Japan
| | - Koji Kano
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Doshisha University
- Kyotanabe
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Strategies for delivering porphyrinoid-based photosensitizers in therapeutic applications. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:859-72. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery strategies for porphyrinoid-based photosensitizers for use in therapeutic applications are based on a myriad of factors, which include porphyrinoid structure, solubility and cellular targets. These drug-delivery methods include encapsulation, hydrogels, protein carriers, nanoparticles and polymeric micelles among others. This article reviews the strategies for delivering porphyrinoids published to date and will focus on porphyrins, corroles, chlorins, bacteriochlorins, porphyrazines and phthalocyanines. Highlighted are the most recent and different strategies used for each of the corresponding porphyrinoid-based macrocycles.
Collapse
|
35
|
Chilakamarthi U, Kandhadi J, Gunda S, Thatipalli AR, Kumar Jerald M, Lingamallu G, Reddy RC, Chaudhuri A, Pande G. Synthesis and functional characterization of a fluorescent peptide probe for non invasive imaging of collagen in live tissues. Exp Cell Res 2014; 327:91-101. [PMID: 24907653 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeted molecular imaging to detect changes in the structural and functional organization of tissues, at the molecular level, is a promising approach for effective and early diagnosis of diseases. Quantitative and qualitative changes in type I collagen, which is a major component in the extra cellular matrix (ECM) of skin and other vital organs like lung, liver, heart and kidneys, are often associated with the pathophysiology of these organs. We have synthesized a fluorescent probe that comprises collagelin, a specific collagen binding peptide, coupled to fluorescent porphyrin that can effectively detect abnormal deposition of collagen in live tissues by emitting fluorescence in the near infra red (NIR) region. In this report we have presented the methodology for coupling of 5-(4-carboxy phenyl)-10, 15, 20-triphenyl porphyrin (C-TPP) to the N-terminal of collagelin or to another mutant peptide (used as a control). We have evaluated the efficacy of these fluorescent peptides to detect collagen deposition in live normal and abnormal tissues. Our results strongly suggest that porphyrin-tagged collagelin can be used as an effective probe for the non invasive in vivo detection of tissue fibrosis, especially in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaipal Kandhadi
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Srinivas Gunda
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | | | - Mahesh Kumar Jerald
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Giribabu Lingamallu
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rakesh C Reddy
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Arabinda Chaudhuri
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Gopal Pande
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ikawa Y, Touden S, Katsumata S, Furuta H. Colorimetric/fluorogenic detection of thiols by N-fused porphyrin in water. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:6501-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
37
|
Abronina PI, Zinin AI, Orlova AV, Sedinkin SL, Kononov LO. An easy access to asymmetrically substituted oligoethylene glycols from 18-crown-6. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
38
|
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a PDT active BODIPY–NLS conjugate. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3204-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
39
|
Kumar D, Chandra Shekar K, Mishra B, Kurihara R, Ogura M, Ito T. Cationic porphyrin–quinoxaline conjugate as a photochemically triggered novel cytotoxic agent. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3221-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
40
|
Mukai H, Wada Y, Watanabe Y. The synthesis of 64Cu-chelated porphyrin photosensitizers and their tumor-targeting peptide conjugates for the evaluation of target cell uptake and PET image-based pharmacokinetics of targeted photodynamic therapy agents. Ann Nucl Med 2013; 27:625-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s12149-013-0728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
41
|
Kitagishi H, Hatada S, Itakura T, Maki Y, Maeda Y, Kano K. Cellular uptake of octaarginine-conjugated tetraarylporphyrin included by per-O-methylated β-cyclodextrin. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:3203-11. [PMID: 23584796 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob27248f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis, structural characterization and cellular uptake of a supramolecular 1 : 2 inclusion complex of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin having an octaarginine peptide chain (R8-TPP) and heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (TMe-β-CD). R8-TPP was synthesized by 2 approaches: (1) on-resin conjugation of the N-terminal of octaarginine with 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, followed by cleavage from the resin, and (2) Michael addition reaction between 5-[4-(3-maleimidopropylamido)phenyl]-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin and cysteine-octaarginine peptide (Cys-Arg8). The R8-TPP obtained from both the approaches formed stable inclusion complexes with TMe-β-CD by which non-substituted phenyl groups at the 10- and 20-positions were included to form trans-type 1 : 2 inclusion complexes. The complexation prevented the self-aggregation of R8-TPP, which resulted in the solubilisation of R8-TPP in aqueous media. A cellular uptake study using HeLa cells showed that R8-TPP complexed with TMe-β-CD in a serum-free medium was efficiently taken up by the cells and uniformly dispersed in the cytosol. In the serum-containing medium, the R8-TPP-TMe-β-CD complex dissociated, and the serum protein bound R8-TPP. The R8-TPP-protein complex was localized in the endosomes of the cells. The cytosol-dispersed R8-TPP showed a higher photo-induced cytotoxicity than its endosome-trapped counterpart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kitagishi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mir Y, Elrington SA, Hasan T. A new nanoconstruct for epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted photo-immunotherapy of ovarian cancer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:1114-22. [PMID: 23485748 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Targeted photodynamic therapy (TPDT) involves the administration of a photosensitizer (PS) conjugated with a targeting moiety followed by light activation. The systemic toxicity associated with conventional therapy may thus be significantly reduced in TPDT due to the dual selectivity provided by the spatial localization of the illumination as well as the target-localizing ability of the conjugate. Herein, a photo-immuno-conjugate-associating-liposome (PICAL) for TPDT has been developed in which the FDA approved benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid A (BPD) and the Cetuximab antibody for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were associated into a stable Preformed Plain Liposome (PPL) by passive physical adsorption. Results have shown that the BPD molecules adsorbed into PICAL have stable optical behavior and a higher fluorescence quantum yield than free-BPD. The Cetuximab adsorbed into PPL selectively binds to cells that overexpress EGFR. The inhibition of EGFR signaling by PICAL has enhanced PDT-mediated ovarian cancer cell death. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this basic science study, a photo-immuno-conjugate-associating-liposome for targeted photodynamic therapy is investigated. The FDA-approved benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid A and an epidermal growth factor receptor antibody were assembed into a stable Preformed Plain Liposome (PPL) by passive physical adsorption. The authors demonstrate therapeutic efficacy of the above construct in an ovarian tumor system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Mir
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Bartlett Hall 314, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Photophysical properties of unsymmetric meso-substituted porphyrins synthesized via the Suzuki coupling reaction. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
44
|
Sibrian-Vazquez M, Hu X, Jensen TJ, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and cellular studies of PPIX-homing peptide conjugates. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424612500599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Five amphiphilic protoporphyrin IX-peptide conjugates bearing the sequences ATWLPPR, AAhexPQRRSARLSA and cERGDPhe conjugated via the propionic side chains, were synthesized and evaluated in vitro using two cell lines: human carcinoma HEp2 and human leukemia HL-60. All conjugates were found to have low dark- and photo-toxicities in both cell lines, and 3 to 10-fold higher accumulation was observed within HL-60 vs. HEp2 cells, depending on the nature of the peptide sequence. The preferential subcellular sites of localization for all conjugates were found to be the lysosomes in HEp2 cells, and the mitochondria in HL-60 cells, suggesting different mechanisms of cellular internalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Timothy J. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jiang L, Zaenglein RA, Engle JT, Mittal C, Hartley CS, Ziegler CJ, Wang H. Water-soluble ionic benzoporphyrins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:6927-9. [PMID: 22673796 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31057k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Novel ionic water-soluble tetrabenzoporphyrins have been successfully synthesized via a cascade reaction based on the Heck reaction. The UV-Vis spectra of these porphyrins displayed red-shifted and broadened Soret bands, and significantly enhanced Q bands. These porphyrins are highly water soluble.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ongarora BG, Fontenot KR, Hu X, Sehgal I, Satyanarayana-Jois SD, Vicente MGH. Phthalocyanine-peptide conjugates for epidermal growth factor receptor targeting. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3725-38. [PMID: 22468711 DOI: 10.1021/jm201544y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four phthalocyanine (Pc)-peptide conjugates designed to target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were synthesized and evaluated in vitro using four cell lines: human carcinoma A431 and HEp2, human colorectal HT-29, and kidney Vero (negative control) cells. Two peptide ligands for EGFR were investigated: EGFR-L1 and -L2, bearing 6 and 13 amino acid residues, respectively. The peptides and Pc-conjugates were shown to bind to EGFR using both theoretical (Autodock) and experimental (SPR) investigations. The Pc-EGFR-L1 conjugates 5a and 5b efficiently targeted EGFR and were internalized, in part due to their cationic charge, whereas the uncharged Pc-EGFR-L2 conjugates 4b and 6a poorly targeted EGFR maybe due to their low aqueous solubility. All conjugates were nontoxic (IC(50) > 100 μM) to HT-29 cells, both in the dark and upon light activation (1 J/cm(2)). Intravenous (iv) administration of conjugate 5b into nude mice bearing A431 and HT-29 human tumor xenografts resulted in a near-IR fluorescence signal at ca. 700 nm, 24 h after administration. Our studies show that Pc-EGFR-L1 conjugates are promising near-IR fluorescent contrast agents for CRC and potentially other EGFR overexpressing cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benson G Ongarora
- Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ke MR, Yeung SL, Fong WP, Ng DKP, Lo PC. A Phthalocyanine-Peptide Conjugate with High In Vitro Photodynamic Activity and Enhanced In Vivo Tumor-Retention Property. Chemistry 2012; 18:4225-33. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
48
|
Wang JTW, Giuntini F, Eggleston IM, Bown SG, MacRobert AJ. Photochemical internalisation of a macromolecular protein toxin using a cell penetrating peptide-photosensitiser conjugate. J Control Release 2012; 157:305-13. [PMID: 21889554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical internalisation (PCI) is a site-specific technique for improving cellular delivery of macromolecular drugs. In this study, a cell penetrating peptide, containing the core HIV-1 Tat 48-57 sequence, conjugated with a porphyrin photosensitiser has been shown to be effective for PCI. Herein we report an investigation of the photophysical and photobiological properties of a water soluble bioconjugate of the cationic Tat peptide with a hydrophobic tetraphenylporphyrin derivative. The cellular uptake and localisation of the amphiphilic bioconjugate was examined in the HN5 human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Efficient cellular uptake and localisation in endo/lysosomal vesicles was found using fluorescence detection, and light-induced, rupture of the vesicles resulting in a more diffuse intracellular fluorescence distribution was observed. Conjugation of the Tat sequence with a hydrophobic porphyrin thus enables cellular delivery of an amphiphilic photosensitiser which can then localise in endo/lysosomal membranes, as required for effective PCI treatment. PCI efficacy was tested in combination with a protein toxin, saporin, and a significant reduction in cell viability was measured versus saporin or photosensitiser treatment alone. This study demonstrates that the cell penetrating peptide-photosensitiser bioconjugation strategy is a promising and versatile approach for enhancing the therapeutic potential of bioactive agents through photochemical internalisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie T-W Wang
- National Medical Laser Centre, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College Medical School, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hao E, Jensen TJ, Vicente MGH. Synthesis of porphyrin-carbohydrate conjugates using "click" chemistry and their preliminary evaluation in human HEp2 cells. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424609000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Using a Cu ( I )-catalyzed carbohydrate azide-alkynylphenylporphyrin cycloaddition (the so-called "click" chemistry), we have synthesized in high yields, a series of four new porphyrin-carbohydrate conjugates containing either one or four galactose or lactose moieties linked via triazole units to a meso-phenyl group of a TPP or tetrabenzoporphyrin (TBP) macrocycle. The time-dependent uptake and subcellular distribution of this series of porphyrin-carbohydrate conjugates were evaluated in human carcinoma HEp2 cells. While the three TPP conjugates accumulated to a similar extent within cells and localized mainly in the ER and endosomes, the TBP-galactose conju gate was the one most efficiently taken up by the HEp2 cells, accumulating approximately 5 times more than the TPP conjugates, and localized preferentially within the cell lysosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erhong Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Timothy J. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yang J, Lei Q, Han K, Gong YH, Chen S, Cheng H, Cheng SX, Zhuo RX, Zhang XZ. Reduction-sensitive polypeptides incorporated with nuclear localization signal sequences for enhanced gene delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32223d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|