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Lee H, Nam H, Lee SY. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Variations on α-Iminonitriles: Harnessing Chiral Cyclopropenimine-Thiourea Organocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3065-3074. [PMID: 38281151 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Chiral 1-pyrrolines containing a nitrile motif serve as crucial structural scaffolds in biologically active molecules and exhibit diversity as building blocks owing to their valuable functional groups; however, the asymmetric synthesis of such compounds remains largely unexplored. Herein, we present an enantio- and diastereoselective method for the synthesis of α-chiral nitrile-containing 1-pyrroline derivatives bearing vicinal stereocenters through the design and introduction of chiral cyclopropenimine-based bifunctional catalysts featuring a thiourea moiety. This synthesis entails a highly stereoselective conjugate addition of α-iminonitriles to a wide array of enones, followed by cyclocondensation, thereby affording a series of cyanopyrroline derivatives, some of which contain all-carbon quaternary centers. Moreover, we demonstrate the synthetic utility of this strategy by performing a gram-scale reaction with 1% catalyst loading, along with a variety of chemoselective transformations of the product, including the synthesis of a vildagliptin analogue. Finally, we showcase the selective synthesis of all four stereoisomers of the cyanopyrroline products through trans-to-cis isomerization, highlighting the versatility of our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooseung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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2
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Vaithiyalingam M, Sumathi DL, Sabarathinam S. Isolation and In silico Study of Curcumin from Curcuma longa and Its Anti-Diabetic Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:947-957. [PMID: 36242725 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been widely used for the management of various diseases that affect human health. Natural products are chemical substances that can be extracted with solvents and isolated by column chromatography techniques from the plant source. The development of new drugs from natural products is still challenging, and the most extensively studied plant material is turmeric, Curcuma longa, which is the chief source of curcumin. Curcumin is a bright yellow solid. In our present study, we have taken Curcuma longa, which is defatted with hexane, followed by being extracted with methanol as a solvent. The turmeric methanolic extract is taken for the isolation of curcumin. This was carried out and confirmed by spectroscopy techniques including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-HRMS, and FT-IR. The compound in silico ADME properties estimate falls within an acceptable range, and a molecular docking analysis shows that it has a higher binding affinity than reference standards. Based on the findings, it can be said that curcumin, a natural substance, has good therapeutic qualities when it is isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariyappan Vaithiyalingam
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Dhivya Loganathan Sumathi
- APJ Kalam Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603 203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sarvesh Sabarathinam
- Drug Testing Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, CV Raman Research Park, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, Kancheepuram, India.
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3
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Zhang X, Ma W, Zhang J, Tang W, Xue D, Xiao J, Sun H, Wang C. Asymmetric Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Racemic Allylic Alcohols for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Acid Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203244. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
- School of Basic Medical Science Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan 750004 China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Weijun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Huaming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
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4
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Ordonez M, Martínez-Toto EI, Morales-Solís JC, Flores-Alamo M. Diastereoselective Phosphonylation of Chiral Cyclic Imines for the Synthesis of Phosphoproline Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Ordonez
- Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos Centro de Investigaciones Quimicas Av. Universidad 1001 62209 Cuernavaca MEXICO
| | | | | | - Marcos Flores-Alamo
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de Quimica Facultad de Química MEXICO
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5
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Zhang X, Ma W, Zhang J, Tang W, Xue D, Xiao J, Sun H, Wang C. Asymmetric Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Racemic Allylic Alcohols for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Acid Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
- School of Basic Medical Science Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan 750004 China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Weijun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Huaming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
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6
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Zolotov NN, Schepetkin IA, Voronina TA, Pozdnev VF, Khlebnikov AI, Krylova IV, Quinn MT. Therapeutic Effect of Novel Cyanopyrrolidine-Based Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibitors in Rat Models of Amnesia. Front Chem 2022; 9:780958. [PMID: 35004610 PMCID: PMC8727363 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.780958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) is a large cytosolic serine peptidase that is altered in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinsonian syndrome, muscular dystrophies, and other denervating diseases. Thus, POP may represent a relevant therapeutic target for treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we report the characterization of five novel cyanopyrrolidine-based compounds (BocTrpPrdN, BocGlyPrdN, CbzMetPrdN, CbzGlnPrdN, and CbzAlaPrdN) and show that they are potent inhibitors of POP and are predicted to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Indeed, we show that CbzMetPrdN penetrates the rat BBB and effectively inhibits POP in the brain when administered intraperitoneally. Furthermore, molecular modeling confirmed these compounds likely inhibit POP via interaction with the POP catalytic site. We evaluated protective effects of the cyanopyrrolidine-based POP inhibitors using scopolamine- and maximal electroshock-induced models of amnesia in rats and showed that BocTrpPrdN, BocGlyPrdN, CbzMetPrdN, and CbzGlnPrdN significantly prolonged conditioned passive avoidance reflex (CPAR) retention time when administered intraperitoneally (1 and 2 mg/kg) before evaluation in both models of amnesia, although CbzAlaPrdN was not effective in scopolamine-induced amnesia. Our data support previous reports on the antiamnesic effects of prolinal-based POP inhibitors and indicate an important role of POP in the regulation of learning and memory processes in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | | | | | - Andrei I Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.,Institute of Pharmacy, Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia
| | | | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
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Goldschmidt Gőz V, Duong KHY, Horváth D, Ferentzi K, Farkas V, Perczel A. Application of Sugar Amino Acids: Flow Chemistry Used for α/β‐Chimera Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Goldschmidt Gőz
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH) ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Kim Hoang Yen Duong
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology Institute of Chemistry ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry Institute of Chemistry ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Dániel Horváth
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology Institute of Chemistry ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Kristóf Ferentzi
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology Institute of Chemistry ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry Institute of Chemistry ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - Viktor Farkas
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH) ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
| | - András Perczel
- MTA-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH) ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry and Biology Institute of Chemistry ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Pázmány P. stny. 1/A 1117 Budapest Hungary
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8
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An alternative process for the synthesis of the key intermediate of ritlecitinib. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Qian XK, Zhang J, Li XD, Song PF, Zou LW. Research Progress on Dipeptidyl Peptidase Family: Structure, Function and Xenobiotic Metabolism. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2167-2188. [PMID: 34525910 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210915103431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prolyl-specific peptidases or proteases, including Dipeptidyl Peptidase 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, Fibroblast Activation Protein, prolyl endopeptidase and prolyl carboxypeptidase, belong to the dipeptidyl peptidase family. In human physiology and anatomy, they have homology amino acid sequences, similarities in structure, but play distinct functions and roles. Some of them also play important roles in the metabolism of drugs containing endogenous peptides, xenobiotics containing peptides, and exogenous peptides. The major functions of these peptidases in both the metabolism of human health and bioactive peptides are of significant importance in the development of effective inhibitors to control the metabolism of endogenous bioactive peptides. The structural characteristics, distribution of tissue, endogenous substrates, and biological functions were summarized in this review. Furthermore, the xenobiotics metabolism of the dipeptidyl peptidase family is illustrated. All the evidence and information summarized in this review would be very useful for researchers to extend the understanding of the proteins of these families and offer advice and assistance in physiology and pathology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Kai Qian
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai. China
| | - Pei-Fang Song
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai. China
| | - Li-Wei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai. China
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10
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Structure-activity relationship and biochemical evaluation of novel fibroblast activation protein and prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors with α-ketoamide warheads. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113717. [PMID: 34371463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Peptidomimetic inhibitors of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) are regarded as promising tools for tumor targeting in vivo. Even though several peptidomimetic compounds with nanomolar potency have been described, broad chemical space for further modification remained unexplored. Therefore, we set to analyze the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of pseudopeptide compound series with α-ketoamide warheads in order to explore the contributions of the P1' and P2' moieties to the inhibitory potency. A series of novel inhibitors bearing varied P1' and/or P2' moieties was synthesized by combining a Passerini reaction-Amine Deprotection-Acyl Migration (PADAM) approach with peptide coupling and subsequent oxidation. The resulting compounds inhibited FAP and the related prolyl endopeptidase (PREP) with potencies in the nanomolar to sub-nanomolar range. The most potent FAP inhibitor IOCB22-AP446 (6d, IC50 = 89 pM) had about 36-fold higher inhibition potency than the most potent inhibitor published to date. The compounds were selective over FAP's closest homolog DPP-IV, were stable in human and mouse plasma and in mouse microsomes, and displayed minimal cytotoxicity in tissue cultures.
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11
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Jia T, Zeng G, Zhang C, Zeng L, Zheng W, Li S, Wu K, Shao J, Zhang J, Zhu H. The reaction of prop-2-ynylsulfonium salts and sulfonyl-protected β-amino ketones to epoxide-fused 2-methylenepyrrolidines and S-containing pyrroles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2657-2660. [PMID: 33587730 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07745c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel divergent domino annulation reaction of prop-2-ynylsulfonium salts with sulfonyl-protected β-amino ketones has been developed, affording various epoxide-fused 2-methylenepyrrolidines and S-containing pyrroles in moderate to excellent yields. Prop-2-ynylsulfonium salts act as C2 synthons in the reactions providing a promising epoxide-fused skeleton in a single operation with readily accessible starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jia
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, P. R. China.
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12
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Rahman SU, Ali HS, Jafari B, Zaib S, Hameed A, Al-Kahraman YMSA, Langer P, Iqbal J. Structure-based virtual screening of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and their in vitro analysis. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 91:107326. [PMID: 32739275 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most widely prevalent metabolic disorders with no cure to date thus remains the most challenging task in the current drug discovery. Therefore, the only strategy to control diabetes prevalence is to develop novel efficacious therapeutics. Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are currently used as anti-diabetic drugs for the inhibition of incretins. This study aims to construct the chemical feature based on pharmacophore models for dipeptidyl peptidase IV. The structure-based pharmacophore modeling has been employed to evaluate new inhibitors of DPP-4. A four-featured pharmacophore model was developed from crystal structure of DPP-4 enzyme with 4-(2-aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride in its active site via pharmacophore constructing tool of Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) consisting F1 Hyd (hydrophobic region), F2 Hyd|Cat|Don (hydrophobic cationic and donor region), F3 Acc (acceptor region) and F4 Hyd (hydrophobic region). The generated pharmacophore model was used for virtual screening of in-house compound library (the available compounds which were used for initial screening to get the few compounds for the current studies). The resultant selected compounds, after virtual screening were further validated using in vitro assay. Furthermore, structure-activity relationship was carried out for the compounds possessing significant inhibition potential after docking studies. The binding free energy of analogs was evaluated via molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) and Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) methods using AMBER 16 as a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation package. Based on potential findings, we report that selected candidates are more likely to be used as DPP-4 inhibitors or as starting leads for the development of novel and potent DPP-4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiq Ur Rahman
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Behzad Jafari
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hameed
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Yasser M S A Al-Kahraman
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Peter Langer
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Leibniz Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V. (LIKAT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
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13
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Pantaleão SQ, Philot EA, de Oliveira Almeida M, Lima AN, de Sairre MI, Scott AL, Honorio KM. Integrated Protocol to Design Potential Inhibitors of Dipeptidyl Peptidase- 4 (DPP-4). Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 20:209-226. [PMID: 31878857 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666191226101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A strategy for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus is the inhibition of the enzyme known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). AIMS This study aims to investigate the main interactions between DPP-4 and a set of inhibitors, as well as proposing potential candidates to inhibit this enzyme. METHODS We performed molecular docking studies followed by the construction and validation of CoMFA and CoMSIA models. The information provided from these models was used to aid in the search for new candidates to inhibit DPP-4 and the design of new bioactive ligands from structural modifications in the most active molecule of the studied series. RESULTS We were able to propose a set of analogues with biological activity predicted by the CoMFA and CoMSIA models, suggesting that our protocol can be used to guide the design of new DPP-4 inhibitors as drug candidates to treat diabetes. CONCLUSION Once the integration of the techniques mentioned in this article was effective, our strategy can be applied to design possible new DPP-4 inhibitors as candidates to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Queiroz Pantaleão
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric Allison Philot
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Angelica Nakagawa Lima
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirela Inês de Sairre
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Ligia Scott
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kathia Maria Honorio
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Zhou J, Jiang X, He S, Jiang H, Feng F, Liu W, Qu W, Sun H. Rational Design of Multitarget-Directed Ligands: Strategies and Emerging Paradigms. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8881-8914. [PMID: 31082225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complexity of multifactorial diseases, single-target drugs do not always exhibit satisfactory efficacy. Recently, increasing evidence indicates that simultaneous modulation of multiple targets may improve both therapeutic safety and efficacy, compared with single-target drugs. However, few multitarget drugs are on market or in clinical trials, despite the best efforts of medicinal chemists. This article discusses the systematic establishment of target combination, lead generation, and optimization of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs). Moreover, we analyze some MTDLs research cases for several complex diseases in recent years and the physicochemical properties of 117 clinical multitarget drugs, with the aim to reveal the trends and insights of the potential use of MTDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyang Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College , Huaian 223003 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , People's Republic of China
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15
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Enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes catalyzed by 5-cis-substituted proline derivatives. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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16
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Fu DY, Meiler J. Predictive Power of Different Types of Experimental Restraints in Small Molecule Docking: A Review. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 58:225-233. [PMID: 29286651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating experimental restraints is a powerful method of increasing accuracy in computational protein small molecule docking simulations. Different algorithms integrate distinct forms of biochemical data during the docking and/or scoring stages. These so-called hybrid methods make use of receptor-based information such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) restraints or small molecule-based information such as structure-activity relationships (SARs). A third class of methods directly interrogates contacts between the protein receptor and the small molecule. This work reviews the current state of using such restraints in docking simulations, evaluates their feasibility across broad systems, and identifies potential areas of algorithm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwin Y Fu
- Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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17
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Exploration of DPP-IV inhibitors with a novel scaffold by multistep in silico screening. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 79:254-263. [PMID: 29274572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), an enzyme that degrades incretins-hormones that promote insulin secretion-is a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes, with a number of its inhibitors having been launched as therapies for diabetes. Since adverse effects of these inhibitors have recently been reported, the development of novel DPP-IV inhibitors with higher efficacy and safety is required. We, therefore, screened for novel DPP-IV inhibitors using the combination of an in silico drug discovery technique and a DPP-IV assay system. We initially selected seven candidate compounds as DPP-IV inhibitors from a database consisting of four million compounds by a multistep in silico screening procedure combining pharmacophore-based screening, docking calculation and the analysis of three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship. We then measured the inhibitory activity of the selected compounds and identified a hit compound. In addition, we discuss the structure-activity relationship between the binding mode model and inhibitory activity of the hit compound.
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18
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Zhou H, Shi T, Yan J, Chen X, Liao L, Zhao S, Fang H, Zhuang R. Effects of activated carbon N-acetylcysteine sustained-release microcapsule on dipeptidyl peptidase IV expression in young rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4737-4744. [PMID: 29201174 PMCID: PMC5704329 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children has become the most common liver disease influencing adolescent health and one of the most influencing chronic liver diseases among children in Chinese wealthy families, particularly in coastal regions. However, the medicine available for the treatment of NAFLD is deficient. In order to solve this problem, our team studied the activated carbon N-acetylcysteine (NAC) sustained-release microcapsule, which improves the oxidation resistance, bioavailability and drug stability of acetylcysteine and reduces toxic and side effects. In addition, it accords with the characteristics of medication in infants and children. The present study mainly discusses whether the activated carbon NAC sustained-release microcapsule has effects on dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) activity and protein in young rats with NAFLD, and whether it has the effect of an DPPIV inhibitor, hoping to provide new thoughts and methods with respect of basic studies on young rats with NAFLD/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, The Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Li Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Hongying Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, The Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P.R. China
| | - Rangxiao Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, The Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, P.R. China
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19
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Sattigeri JA, Sethi S, Davis JA, Ahmed S, Rayasam GV, Jadhav BG, Chilla SM, Datta D, Gadhave A, Tulasi VK, Jain T, Voleti S, Benjamin B, Udupa S, Jain G, Singh Y, Srinivas K, Bansal VS, Ray A, Bhatnagar PK, Cliffe IA. Approaches towards the development of chimeric DPP4/ACE inhibitors for treating metabolic syndrome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2313-2318. [PMID: 28442252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Designing drug candidates exhibiting polypharmacology is one of the strategies adopted by medicinal chemists to address multifactorial diseases. Metabolic disease is one such multifactorial disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia, hypertension and dyslipidaemia among others. In this paper we report a new class of molecular framework combining the pharmacophoric features of DPP4 inhibitors with those of ACE inhibitors to afford potent dual inhibitors of DPP4 and ACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra A Sattigeri
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India.
| | - Sachin Sethi
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Joseph A Davis
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Shahadat Ahmed
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Geeta V Rayasam
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Balasaheb G Jadhav
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Satya M Chilla
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Datta
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - A Gadhave
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Vamshi K Tulasi
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Tarun Jain
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Sreedhara Voleti
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Biju Benjamin
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Sunitha Udupa
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Garima Jain
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Yogender Singh
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Kona Srinivas
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Vinay S Bansal
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Abhijit Ray
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Pradip K Bhatnagar
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
| | - Ian A Cliffe
- New Drug Discovery Research, R&D III, Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited, Plot 20, Sector 18, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon, Haryana 122015, India
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20
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Lee SH, Shin N, Kwak SW, Hyun K, Woo WH, Lee JH, Hwang H, Kim M, Lee J, Kim Y, Lee KM, Park MH. Intriguing Indium-salen Complexes as Multicolor Luminophores. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2621-2626. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seon Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry
Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion
Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunglim Hyun
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hee Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion
Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyonseok Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion
Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Mun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion
Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Hwan Park
- Department of Chemistry
Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
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21
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Nojima H, Kanou K, Terashi G, Takeda-Shitaka M, Inoue G, Atsuda K, Itoh C, Iguchi C, Matsubara H. Comprehensive analysis of the Co-structures of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and its inhibitor. BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 16:11. [PMID: 27491540 PMCID: PMC4974693 DOI: 10.1186/s12900-016-0062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background We comprehensively analyzed X-ray cocrystal structures of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) and its inhibitor to clarify whether DPP-4 alters its general or partial structure according to the inhibitor used and whether DPP-4 has a common rule for inhibitor binding. Results All the main and side chains in the inhibitor binding area were minimally altered, except for a few side chains, despite binding to inhibitors of various shapes. Some residues (Arg125, Glu205, Glu206, Tyr662 and Asn710) in the area had binding modes to fix a specific atom of inhibitor to a particular spatial position in DPP-4. We found two specific water molecules that were common to 92 DPP-4 structures. The two water molecules were close to many inhibitors, and seemed to play two roles: maintaining the orientation of the Glu205 and Glu206 side chains through a network via the water molecules, and arranging the inhibitor appropriately at the S2 subsite. Conclusions Our study based on high-quality resources may provide a necessary minimum consensus to help in the discovery of a novel DPP-4 inhibitor that is commercially useful. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12900-016-0062-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nojima
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Kanou
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.,Present address: Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan
| | - Genki Terashi
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Mayuko Takeda-Shitaka
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Gaku Inoue
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Koichiro Atsuda
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Chihiro Itoh
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Chie Iguchi
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Hajime Matsubara
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
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22
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Mutant cycle analysis with modified saxitoxins reveals specific interactions critical to attaining high-affinity inhibition of hNaV1.7. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5856-61. [PMID: 27162340 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603486113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Improper function of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs), obligatory membrane proteins for bioelectrical signaling, has been linked to a number of human pathologies. Small-molecule agents that target NaVs hold considerable promise for treatment of chronic disease. Absent a comprehensive understanding of channel structure, the challenge of designing selective agents to modulate the activity of NaV subtypes is formidable. We have endeavored to gain insight into the 3D architecture of the outer vestibule of NaV through a systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) study involving the bis-guanidinium toxin saxitoxin (STX), modified saxitoxins, and protein mutagenesis. Mutant cycle analysis has led to the identification of an acetylated variant of STX with unprecedented, low-nanomolar affinity for human NaV1.7 (hNaV1.7), a channel subtype that has been implicated in pain perception. A revised toxin-receptor binding model is presented, which is consistent with the large body of SAR data that we have obtained. This new model is expected to facilitate subsequent efforts to design isoform-selective NaV inhibitors.
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23
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Jiang T, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Sun P, Zhu J, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Shao Q, Jiang X, Li B, Chen K, Jiang H, Wang H, Zhu W, Shen J. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fused β-Homophenylalanine Derivatives as Potent DPP-4 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:602-6. [PMID: 26005541 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are accepted as a favorable class of agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Herein, a series of fused β-homophenylalanine derivatives as novel DPP-4 inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against DPP-4. Most of them displayed excellent DPP-4 inhibitory activities and good selectivity. Among them, 9aa, 18a, and 18m also showed good efficacy in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in ICR mice. Moreover, when dosed 8 h prior to glucose challenge, 18m showed significantly greater potency than sitagliptin. It thus provides potential candidates for the further development into potent drugs targeting DPP-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuren Zhou
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhuxi Chen
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianming Zhu
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Shao
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiangrui Jiang
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bo Li
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Heyao Wang
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingshan Shen
- Drug Discovery
and Design
Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of
Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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24
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Jiang T, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Chen Z, Sun P, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Shao Q, Jiang X, Li B, Wang H, Zhu W, Shen J. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of highly potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2015; 348:399-407. [PMID: 25871012 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of a series of fused β-homophenylalanine inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is described. Modification on the P2-binding moiety of 6 (IC50 = 10 nM) led to the discovery of β-homophenylalanine derivatives containing pyrrolidin-2-ylmethyl amides. The introduction of a sulfamine in the meta position of the phenyl ring improved the potency against DPP-4 (6-12-fold increase). Compound 14k showed DPP-4 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.87 nM. Meanwhile, in vivo experiments exhibited that 14h had an efficiency comparable to sitagliptin at the dose of 10 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuren Zhou
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Zhu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuxi Chen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Shao
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangrui Jiang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Heyao Wang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingshan Shen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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25
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Jia YY, Li XY, Wang PA, Wen AD. Facile access to unnatural dipeptide-alcohols based on cis-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines. Molecules 2015; 20:2922-30. [PMID: 25679051 PMCID: PMC6272547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20022922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-defined unnatural dipeptide-alcohols based on a cis-2,5-disubstitued pyrrolidine backbone were synthesized from commercially available starting materials meso-diethyl-2,5-dibromoadipate, (S)-(−)-1-phenylethylamine, and phenylalaninol. The structures of these unnatural dipeptide-alcohols are supported by HRMS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. These unnatural dipeptide-alcohols can act as building blocks for peptidomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road 15, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Xiao-Ye Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ping-An Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ai-Dong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road 15, Xi'an 710032, China.
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26
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Rodríguez I, Calaza MI, Jiménez AI, Cativiela C. Synthesis of enantiomerically pure δ-benzylproline derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01894j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The methodology allows for the preparation of enantiopure δ-substituted l-proline analogues bearing the side chain of proteinogenic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - M. Isabel Calaza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Ana I. Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Carlos Cativiela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH)
- CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
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27
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Kushwaha K, Malakar CC, Stas S, Lemière F, Abbaspour Tehrani K. Indium(iii)-catalyzed tandem synthesis of 2-alkynyl-3,3-dichloropyrrolidines and their conversion to 3-chloropyrroles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14214d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient route to 2-alkynyl-3,3-dichloropyrrolidines was described by addition of terminal acetylenes to 2,2,4-trichloroaldimines using In(OTf)3 as a catalyst. In the presence of a base these pyrrolidines were transformed into 3-chloropyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Kushwaha
- Organic Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- B-2020 Antwerp
- Belgium
| | - C. C. Malakar
- Organic Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- B-2020 Antwerp
- Belgium
| | - S. Stas
- Organic Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- B-2020 Antwerp
- Belgium
| | - F. Lemière
- Biomolecular & Analytical Mass Spectrometry and Center for Proteomics
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- B-2020 Antwerp
- Belgium
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Patel BD, Ghate MD. Recent approaches to medicinal chemistry and therapeutic potential of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:574-605. [PMID: 24531198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is one of the widely explored novel targets for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) currently. Research has been focused on the strategy to preserve the endogenous glucagon like peptide (GLP)-1 activity by inhibiting the DPP-4 action. The DPP-4 inhibitors are weight neutral, well tolerated and give better glycaemic control over a longer duration of time compared to existing conventional therapies. The journey of DPP-4 inhibitors in the market started from the launch of sitagliptin in 2006 to latest drug teneligliptin in 2012. This review is mainly focusing on the recent medicinal aspects and advancements in the designing of DPP-4 inhibitors with the therapeutic potential of DPP-4 as a target to convey more clarity in the diffused data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumika D Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India.
| | - Manjunath D Ghate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
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29
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Almasri IM, Taha MO, Mohammad MK. New leads for DPP IV inhibition: structure-based pharmacophore mapping and virtual screening study. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:1326-37. [PMID: 23918649 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is an attractive target for the development of new antidiabetic drugs. DPP IV inhibitors improve glycemic control by preventing the rapid inactivation of the incretin hormones; glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide. In the current study, virtual screening, using 2D and 3D filters implemented in a hierarchical cascade, was employed to identify new DPP IV inhibitors. Co-crystallized ligands, with potent DPP IV-inhibitory activities, were utilized to generate structure-based pharmacophore models using DS Visualizer software. The derived pharmacophore maps were validated using in-house built database containing active and inactive DPP IV inhibitors. Subsequently, the optimum validated pharmacophore model was used as a search query against two 3D-databases (NCI and in-house built drug databases). Further hit filtration was carried out employing 2D virtual filters based on Lipinski's rule of 5; number of rotatable bonds and other physicochemical filters. 3D filter using high-throughput molecular docking was also applied. As a result, 5 novel DPP IV inhibitors were discovered as potential lead compounds and later confirmed via in vitro bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab M Almasri
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Gaza Strip,
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30
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Synthesis and evaluation of novel orally active p53–MDM2 interaction inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4319-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Trainor GL. The importance of plasma protein binding in drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 2:51-64. [PMID: 23496037 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Plasma protein binding of drugs is a well-recognised phenomena, but it is only recently that the implications for drug action in vivo have been fully appreciated. Plasma proteins, by virtue of their high concentration, control the free drug concentration in plasma and in compartments in equilibrium with plasma, thereby, effectively attenuating drug potency in vivo. The historical background and thermodynamic basis for the 'Free Drug Principle' is presented, along with special considerations for intracellular targets, deep compartments and α1-acid glycoprotein binding. Real and apparent exceptions to the principle are discussed along with a survey of citations from the recent medicinal chemistry literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- George L Trainor
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Discovery Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, PO Box 4000, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000, USA
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32
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Mobley DL, Klimovich PV. Perspective: Alchemical free energy calculations for drug discovery. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:230901. [PMID: 23267463 PMCID: PMC3537745 DOI: 10.1063/1.4769292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Computational techniques see widespread use in pharmaceutical drug discovery, but typically prove unreliable in predicting trends in protein-ligand binding. Alchemical free energy calculations seek to change that by providing rigorous binding free energies from molecular simulations. Given adequate sampling and an accurate enough force field, these techniques yield accurate free energy estimates. Recent innovations in alchemical techniques have sparked a resurgence of interest in these calculations. Still, many obstacles stand in the way of their routine application in a drug discovery context, including the one we focus on here, sampling. Sampling of binding modes poses a particular challenge as binding modes are often separated by large energy barriers, leading to slow transitions. Binding modes are difficult to predict, and in some cases multiple binding modes may contribute to binding. In view of these hurdles, we present a framework for dealing carefully with uncertainty in binding mode or conformation in the context of free energy calculations. With careful sampling, free energy techniques show considerable promise for aiding drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Mobley
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, USA.
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33
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Efficient synthesis of unnatural dipeptides based on cis-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidine. Amino Acids 2012; 42:2121-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Sharma J, Yadav D, Paliwal S. Discovery of novel DPP IV inhibitors: application of pharmacophore-based virtual screening. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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35
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Strohmeier M, Leach K, Zajac MA. Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Glycine Derivatives under Copper Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201105258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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36
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Strohmeier M, Leach K, Zajac MA. Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Glycine Derivatives under Copper Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:12335-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201105258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Lygo B, Beynon C, McLeod MC, Roy CE, Wade CE. Application of asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis in the enantioselective synthesis of cis-5-substituted proline esters. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Kawaguchi M, Okabe T, Terai T, Hanaoka K, Kojima H, Minegishi I, Nagano T. A Time-Resolved Fluorescence Probe for Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 and Its Application in Inhibitor Screening. Chemistry 2010; 16:13479-86. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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39
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Al-masri IM, Mohammad MK, Tahaa MO. Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is one of the mechanisms explaining the hypoglycemic effect of berberine. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2010; 24:1061-6. [PMID: 19640223 DOI: 10.1080/14756360802610761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine was investigated as an inhibitor of human dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) in an attempt to explain its anti-hyperglycemic activities. The investigation included simulated docking experiments to fit berberine within the binding pocket of DPP IV. Berberine was found to readily fit within the binding pocket of DPP IV in a low energy orientation characterized with optimal electrostatic attractive interactions bridging the isoquinolinium positively charged nitrogen atom (berberine) and the negatively charged acidic residue of glutamic acid-205 (GLU205) of DPP IV. Experimentally, berberine was found to inhibit human recombinant DPP IV in vitro with IC(50) = 13.3 microM. Our findings suggest that DPP IV inhibition is, at least, one of the mechanisms that explain the anti-hyperglycemic activity of berberine. The fact that berberine was recently reported to potently inhibit the pro-diabetic target human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (h-PTP 1B) discloses a novel dual natural h-PTP 1B/DPP IV inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab M Al-masri
- Department of pharmaceutical sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Jordan
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40
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Kissane M, Lawrence SE, Maguire AR. 1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of 2-thio-3-chloroacrylamides with diazoalkanes. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:2735-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c002479a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Yadav LDS, Srivastava VP, Patel R. Bromodimethylsulfonium bromide (BDMS): a useful reagent for conversion of aldoximes and primary amides to nitriles. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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42
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Hwang K, Kim H, Lee Y, Lee M, Do Y. Synthesis and Properties of Salen-Aluminum Complexes as a Novel Class of Color-Tunable Luminophores. Chemistry 2009; 15:6478-87. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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Al-Masri IM, Mohammad MK, Taha MO. Discovery of DPP IV inhibitors by pharmacophore modeling and QSAR analysis followed by in silico screening. ChemMedChem 2009; 3:1763-79. [PMID: 18989859 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) deactivates the natural hypoglycemic incretin hormones. Inhibition of this enzyme should restore glucose homeostasis in diabetic patients making it an attractive target for the development of new antidiabetic drugs. With this in mind, the pharmacophoric space of DPP IV was explored using a set of 358 known inhibitors. Thereafter, genetic algorithm and multiple linear regression analysis were employed to select an optimal combination of pharmacophoric models and physicochemical descriptors that yield selfconsistent and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) (r(2) (287)=0.74, F-statistic=44.5, r(2) (BS)=0.74, r(2) (LOO)=0.69, r(2) (PRESS) against 71 external testing inhibitors=0.51). Two orthogonal pharmacophores (of cross-correlation r(2)=0.23) emerged in the QSAR equation suggesting the existence of at least two distinct binding modes accessible to ligands within the DPP IV binding pocket. Docking experiments supported the binding modes suggested by QSAR/pharmacophore analyses. The validity of the QSAR equation and the associated pharmacophore models were established by the identification of new low-micromolar anti-DPP IV leads retrieved by in silico screening. One of our interesting potent anti-DPP IV hits is the fluoroquinolone gemifloxacin (IC(50)=1.12 muM). The fact that gemifloxacin was recently reported to potently inhibit the prodiabetic target glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) suggests that gemifloxacin is an excellent lead for the development of novel dual antidiabetic inhibitors against DPP IV and GSK-3beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab M Al-Masri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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44
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Mobley DL, Dill KA. Binding of small-molecule ligands to proteins: "what you see" is not always "what you get". Structure 2009; 17:489-98. [PMID: 19368882 PMCID: PMC2756098 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2009.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We review insights from computational studies of affinities of ligands binding to proteins. The power of structural biology is in translating knowledge of protein structures into insights about their forces, binding, and mechanisms. However, the complementary power of computer modeling is in showing "the rest of the story" (i.e., how motions and ensembles and alternative conformers and the entropies and forces that cannot be seen in single molecular structures also contribute to binding affinities). Upon binding to a protein, a ligand can bind in multiple orientations; the protein or ligand can be deformed by the binding event; waters, ions, or cofactors can have unexpected involvement; and conformational or solvation entropies can sometimes play large and otherwise unpredictable roles. Computer modeling is helping to elucidate these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Mobley
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
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45
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Havale SH, Pal M. Medicinal chemistry approaches to the inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:1783-802. [PMID: 19217790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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46
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47
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Hernández JN, Ramírez MA, Rodríguez ML, Martín VS. Intramolecular Nicholas Reaction: Stereoselective Synthesis of 5-Alkynylproline Derivatives. Org Lett 2008; 10:2349-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800544a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Nicolás Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ramírez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Matías L. Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Víctor S. Martín
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González” Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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48
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Kondo T, Nekado T, Sugimoto I, Ochi K, Takai S, Kinoshita A, Hatayama A, Yamamoto S, Kawabata K, Nakai H, Toda M. Discovery of long-acting N-(cyanomethyl)-N-alkyl-l-prolinamide inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:190-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Revised: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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49
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Almansa R, Guijarro D, Yus M. Enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to N-(diphenylphosphinoyl)imines catalyzed by β-aminoalcohols with the prolinol skeleton. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Wang PA, Xu ZS, Chen CF, Gao XG, Sun XL, Zhang SY. Facile synthetic route to enantiopure unsymmetriccis-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines. Chirality 2007; 19:581-8. [PMID: 17508396 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The (+/-)-cis-5-arylcarbamoyl-2-ethoxycarbonylpyrrolidines 6a-g were firstly synthesized in 53-64% yields by using meso-diethyl-2,5-dibromoadipate 3 and (S)-(-)-1-phenylethylamine in three steps. The diastereomeric mixture (S;2S,5R)-(-)-7 and (S;2R,5S)-(+)-8 were prepared by the Grignard reaction and separated by a flash column chromatography in 29 and 52% yields. The absolute configurations of (+)-8 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis and the enantiopure pyrrolidines (2S,5R)-(-)-9/(2R,5S)-(+)-9 and (2S,5R)-(-)-10/(2R,5S)-(+)-10 were obtained in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-An Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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