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Cheng B, Song L, Chen F. Huperzine alkaloids: forty years of total syntheses. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:59-84. [PMID: 37818549 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00029j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2023Huperzine alkaloids are a group of natural products belonging to the Lycopodium alkaloids family. The representative member huperzine A has a unique structure and exhibits potent inhibitory activity against acetylcholine esterase (AChE). This subfamily of alkaloids provides a great opportunity for developing synthetic methodologies and asymmetric synthesis. The efforts towards the synthesis of huperzine A have cultivated dozens of total syntheses and a rich body of new chemistry. Impressive progress has also been made in the synthesis of other huperzine alkaloids. The total syntheses of huperzines B, U, O, Q and R, structure reassignment and total syntheses of huperzines K, M and N have been reported in the past decade. This review focuses on the synthetic organic chemistry and the biosynthesis and medicinal chemistry of huperzines are also covered briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichu Cheng
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- School of Science, Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Lili Song
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Fener Chen
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
- School of Science, Green Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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2
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Tetrahydroquinoline-Isoxazole/Isoxazoline Hybrid Compounds as Potential Cholinesterases Inhibitors: Synthesis, Enzyme Inhibition Assays, and Molecular Modeling Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010005. [PMID: 31861333 PMCID: PMC6981637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 44 hybrid compounds that included in their structure tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) and isoxazole/isoxazoline moieties were synthesized through the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction (1,3-DC) from the corresponding N-allyl/propargyl THQs, previously obtained via cationic Povarov reaction. In vitro cholinergic enzymes inhibition potential of all compounds was tested. Enzyme inhibition assays showed that some hybrids exhibited significant potency to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Especially, the hybrid compound 5n presented the more effective inhibition against AChE (4.24 µM) with an acceptable selectivity index versus BChE (SI: 5.19), while compound 6aa exhibited the greatest inhibition activity on BChE (3.97 µM) and a significant selectivity index against AChE (SI: 0.04). Kinetic studies were carried out for compounds with greater inhibitory activity of cholinesterases. Structure–activity relationships of the molecular hybrids were analyzed, through computational models using a molecular cross-docking algorithm and Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA) binding free energy approach, which indicated a good correlation between the experimental inhibition values and the predicted free binding energy.
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3
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D'Avila da Silva F, Nogara PA, Ochoa-Rodríguez E, Nuñez-Figueredo Y, Wong-Guerra M, Rosemberg DB, Rocha JBTD. Molecular docking and in vitro evaluation of a new hybrid molecule (JM-20) on cholinesterase activity from different sources. Biochimie 2019; 168:297-306. [PMID: 31770565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The main function of AChE is the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) at the neuromuscular and in cholinergic brain synapses. In some pathologies, loss of cholinergic neurons may be associated with a deficiency of ACh in specific brain areas. Consequently, the study of new safe drugs that inhibit AChE is important, because they can increase ACh levels in the synaptic cleft without adverse effects. Here, we evaluated the effects of JM-20 (a benzodiazepine-dihydropyridine hybrid molecule) on cholinesterase (ChE) activities from distinct sources (AChE from Electrophorus electricus (EeAChE), human erythrocyte membranes (HsAChE (ghost)), total erythrocyte (HsAChE (erythrocyte)) and BChE from plasma (HsBChE) and purified enzyme from the horse (EcBChE)). Kinetic parameters were determined in the presence of 0.05-1.6 mM of substrate concentration. The interactions ChEs with JM-20 were performed using molecular docking simulations. JM-20 inhibited all tested AChE but not BChE. The IC50 values were 123 nM ± 0.2 (EeAChE), 158 nM ± 0.1 (ghost HsAChE), and 172 nM ± 0.2 (erythrocytic HsAChE). JM-20 caused a mixed type of inhibition (it altered Km and Vmax of AChE). The molecular docking indicated the binding poses and the most plausible active isomer of JM-20. Besides giving important data for future drug design, our results help us understand the mode of action of JM-20 as a specific inhibitor of AChE enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda D'Avila da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Andrei Nogara
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Estael Ochoa-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Ave 26, Nº 1605 Boyeros y Puentes Grandes, CP10600, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Yanier Nuñez-Figueredo
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Ave 26, Nº 1605 Boyeros y Puentes Grandes, CP10600, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Maylin Wong-Guerra
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Medicamentos, Ave 26, Nº 1605 Boyeros y Puentes Grandes, CP10600, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Denis Broock Rosemberg
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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4
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Zhou S, Yuan Y, Zheng F, Zhan CG. Structure-based virtual screening leading to discovery of highly selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors with solanaceous alkaloid scaffolds. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:372-376. [PMID: 31152736 PMCID: PMC6613991 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
According to recent research advance, it is interesting to identify new, potent and selective inhibitors of human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) for therapeutic treatment of both the Alzheimer's disease (AD) and heroin abuse. In this study, we carried out a structure-based virtual screening followed by in vitro activity assays, with the goal to identify new inhibitors that are selective for BChE over acetylcholinesterase (AChE). As a result, a set of new, selective inhibitors of human BChE were identified from natural products with solanaceous alkaloid scaffolds. The most active one of the natural products (compound 1) identified has an IC50 of 16.8 nM against BChE. It has been demonstrated that the desirable selectivity of these inhibitors for BChE over AChE is mainly controlled by three key residues in the active site cavity, i.e. residues Q119, A277, and A328 in BChE versus the respective residues Y124, W286, and Y337 in AChE. Based on this structural insight, future rational design of new, potent and selective BChE inhibitors may focus on these key structural differences in the active site cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Yaxia Yuan
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Fang Zheng
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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5
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Girek M, Szymański P. Phyto‐Tacrine Hybrids as Promising Drugs to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Girek
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryDrug Analyses and RadiopharmacyMedical University of Lodz 90-151 Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1 Poland
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryDrug Analyses and RadiopharmacyMedical University of Lodz 90-151 Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1 Poland
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Mishra P, Kumar A, Panda G. Anti-cholinesterase hybrids as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer’s disease (1998–2018). Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:895-930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Khunnawutmanotham N, Laongthipparos C, Saparpakorn P, Chimnoi N, Techasakul S. Synthesis of 3-aminocoumarin- N-benzylpyridinium conjugates with nanomolar inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2545-2552. [PMID: 30410615 PMCID: PMC6204823 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 3-amino-6,7-dimethoxycoumarins conjugated with the N-benzylpyridinium moiety through an amide-bond linkage was synthesized and evaluated for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. A number of the benzylpyridinium derivatives exhibited potent activities with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the nanomolar concentration range. Among them, the 2,3-difluorobenzylpyridinium-containing compound was the most potent inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.53 ± 0.01 nM. Docking studies revealed that the synthesized compounds inhibit the target enzyme by a dual binding site mechanism whereby the coumarin portion binds with the peripheral anionic site while the N-benzylpyridinium residue binds with the catalytic anionic site of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisachon Khunnawutmanotham
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Cherdchai Laongthipparos
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | | | - Nitirat Chimnoi
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Supanna Techasakul
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Talat Bang Khen, Lak Si, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
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8
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Reddy EK, Remya C, Mantosh K, Sajith AM, Omkumar R, Sadasivan C, Anwar S. Novel tacrine derivatives exhibiting improved acetylcholinesterase inhibition: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:367-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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9
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Fernandes TB, Cunha MR, Sakata RP, Candido TM, Baby AR, Tavares MT, Barbosa EG, Almeida WP, Parise-Filho R. Synthesis, Molecular Modeling, and Evaluation of Novel Sulfonylhydrazones as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [PMID: 28940630 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and related to the degeneration of hippocampal cholinergic neurons, which dramatically affects cognitive ability. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are employed as drugs for AD therapy. Three series of sulfonylhydrazone compounds were designed, and their ability to inhibit AChE was evaluated. Fifteen compounds were synthesized and twelve of them had IC50 values of 0.64-51.09 μM. The preliminary structure-activity relationships indicated that the methylcatechol moiety and arylsulfonyl substituents generated better compounds than both the benzodioxole and alkylsulfonyl chains. Molecular dynamics studies of compound 6d showed that the interaction with the peripheral binding site of AChE was similar to donepezil, which may explain its low IC50 (0.64 μM). Furthermore, the drug-likeness of 6d suggests that the compound may have appropriate oral absorption and brain penetration. Compound 6d also presented antiradical activity and was not cytotoxic to LL24 cells, suggesting that this compound might be considered safe. Our findings indicate that arylsulfonylhydrazones may be a promising scaffold for the design of new drug candidates for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais B Fernandes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Micael R Cunha
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata P Sakata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thalita M Candido
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André R Baby
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício T Tavares
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Euzébio G Barbosa
- Health Sciences Centre, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Wanda P Almeida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Roberto Parise-Filho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Darras FH, Pang YP. On the use of the experimentally determined enzyme inhibition constant as a measure of absolute binding affinity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 489:451-454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Balmori A, Chioua M, de la Bellacasa RP, Estrada‐Tejedor R, Ismaili L, Marco‐Contelles J, Borrell JI. 5‐Amino‐6,7,8,9‐Tetrahydrobenzo[
b
][1,8]Naphthyridin‐2(1
H
)‐One: The first Example of a new Family of HuperTacrines for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Balmori
- Grup d'Enginyeria MolecularInstitut Químic de SarriàUniversitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta, 390, E- 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC) C/ Juan de la Cierva 3 28006- Madrid Spain
| | - Raimon Puig de la Bellacasa
- Grup d'Enginyeria MolecularInstitut Químic de SarriàUniversitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta, 390, E- 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Roger Estrada‐Tejedor
- Grup d'Enginyeria MolecularInstitut Químic de SarriàUniversitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta, 390, E- 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Lhassane Ismaili
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, UFR SMPUniversité de Franche-ComtéUniversité Bourgogne Franche-Comté 19 rue Ambroise Paré, F- 25000 Besançon France
| | - José Marco‐Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (IQOG, CSIC) C/ Juan de la Cierva 3 28006- Madrid Spain
| | - José I. Borrell
- Grup d'Enginyeria MolecularInstitut Químic de SarriàUniversitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta, 390, E- 08017 Barcelona Spain
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Wang Y, Wang H, Chen HZ. AChE Inhibition-based Multi-target-directed Ligands, a Novel Pharmacological Approach for the Symptomatic and Disease-modifying Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 14:364-75. [PMID: 26786145 PMCID: PMC4876592 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160119094820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in elder people, characterised by a progressive decline in memory as a result of an impairment of cholinergic neurotransmission. To date acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) have become the most prescribed drugs for the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate AD. However, the traditional “one molecule-one target” paradigm is not sufficient and appropriate to yield the desired therapeutic efficacy since multiple factors, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and decreased levels of acetylcholine (ACh) have been thought to play significant roles in the AD pathogenesis. New generation of multi-target drugs is earnestly demanded not only for ameliorating symptoms but also for modifying the disease. Herein, we delineated the catalytic and non-catalytic functions of AChE, and summarized the works of our group and others in research and development of novel AChEI-based multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs), such as dual binding site AChEIs and multi-target AChEIs inhibiting Aβ aggregation, regulating Aβ procession, antagonizing platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor, scavenging oxygen radical, chelating metal ions, inhibiting monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), blocking N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor and others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
| | - Hong-zhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
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A review on tacrine-based scaffolds as multi-target drugs (MTDLs) for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 128:332-345. [PMID: 27876467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurological disorder among elderly people and combinatorial factors such as genetic, lifestyle, and environmental are involved in onset and disease progression. It has been demonstrated that loss of cholinergic transmission is one of the most significant causes of AD. One strategy currently being investigated for the development of new therapeutics relates to the enhancement of cholinergic system through several ways. At this juncture, anticholinesterase inhibitors have absorbed lots of attention and different marketed drugs such as donepezil, rivastigmine, tacrine, and galantamine have been developed. 9-Amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine known as tacrine was introduced in 1945 as an efficient anticholinesterase agent. The mechanism of action of tacrine was proved to inhibit the metabolism of acetylcholine and therefore extending its activity and raising levels in the cerebral cortex. However, extensive use of tacrine was limited since it showed various side effects and toxicity. Thus, lots of efforts were carried out to prepare tacrine analogues to overcome the related adverse effects. This review describes differently synthesized tacrine-based scaffolds as cholinesterase inhibitors to manage Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Zhang F, Zhang J, Liu M, Zhao L, LingHu R, Feng F, Gao X, Jiao S, Zhao L, Hu Y, Yang J. Combating HER2-overexpressing breast cancer through induction of calreticulin exposure by Tras-Permut CrossMab. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e994391. [PMID: 25949918 DOI: 10.4161/2162402x.2014.994391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although trastuzumab has succeeded in breast cancer treatment, acquired resistance is one of the prime obstacles for breast cancer therapies. There is an urgent need to develop novel HER2 antibodies against trastuzumab resistance. Here, we first rational designed avidity-imporved trastuzumab and pertuzumab variants, and explored the correlation between the binding avidity improvement and their antitumor activities. After characterization of a pertuzumab variant L56TY with potent antitumor activities, a bispecific immunoglobulin G-like CrossMab (Tras-Permut CrossMab) was generated from trastuzumab and binding avidity-improved pertuzumab variant L56TY. Although, the antitumor efficacy of trastuzumab was not enhanced by improving its binding avidity, binding avidity improvement could significantly increase the anti-proliferative and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activities of pertuzumab. Further studies showed that Tras-Permut CrossMab exhibited exceptional high efficiency to inhibit the progression of trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Notably, we found that calreticulin (CRT) exposure induced by Tras-Permut CrossMab was essential for induction of tumor-specific T cell immunity against tumor recurrence. These data indicated that simultaneous blockade of HER2 protein by Tras-Permut CrossMab could trigger CRT exposure and subsequently induce potent tumor-specific T cell immunity, suggesting it could be a promising therapeutic strategy against trastuzumab resistance.
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Key Words
- ADCC
- CDR, complementarity determining region
- CH1, constant heavy chain 1
- CL, constant light chain
- CRT, calreticulin
- CrossMab
- FCM, flow cytometry
- HER, human epidermal growth factor receptor
- HER2-ECD, extracellular domain of HER2
- HER2-overexpressing breast cancer
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- SEC, size-exclusion chromatography
- T cell immunity
- antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
- calreticulin exposure
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- pertuzumab
- trastuzumab
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Oncology; PLA General Hospital; PLA School of Medicine ; Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Nursing Department; PLA General Hospital; PLA School of Medicine ; Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Moyan Liu
- Department of Nephrology; General Hospital of Jinan Military Command ; Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lichao Zhao
- Medical Department; General Hospital of Jinan Military Command ; Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - RuiXia LingHu
- Department of Oncology; PLA General Hospital; PLA School of Medicine ; Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Pharmacy; General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command ; Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology ; PLA 302 Hospital ; Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- Department of Oncology; PLA General Hospital; PLA School of Medicine ; Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- PLA General Hospital; PLA School of Medicine ; Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Institute for Translational Medicine; Second Military Medical University ; Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology; PLA General Hospital; PLA School of Medicine ; Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlan Yang
- Department of Oncology; PLA General Hospital; PLA School of Medicine ; Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Pudlo M, Luzet V, Ismaïli L, Tomassoli I, Iutzeler A, Refouvelet B. Quinolone–benzylpiperidine derivatives as novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and antioxidant hybrids for Alzheimer Disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2496-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Fang J, Yang R, Gao L, Zhou D, Yang S, Liu AL, Du GH. Predictions of BuChE inhibitors using support vector machine and naive Bayesian classification techniques in drug discovery. J Chem Inf Model 2013; 53:3009-20. [PMID: 24144102 DOI: 10.1021/ci400331p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) is an important pharmacological target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. However, the currently available BuChE inhibitor screening assays are expensive, labor-intensive, and compound-dependent. It is necessary to develop robust in silico methods to predict the activities of BuChE inhibitors for the lead identification. In this investigation, support vector machine (SVM) models and naive Bayesian models were built to discriminate BuChE inhibitors (BuChEIs) from the noninhibitors. Each molecule was initially represented in 1870 structural descriptors (1235 from ADRIANA.Code, 334 from MOE, and 301 from Discovery studio). Correlation analysis and stepwise variable selection method were applied to figure out activity-related descriptors for prediction models. Additionally, structural fingerprint descriptors were added to improve the predictive ability of models, which were measured by cross-validation, a test set validation with 1001 compounds and an external test set validation with 317 diverse chemicals. The best two models gave Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.9551 and 0.9550 for the test set and 0.9132 and 0.9221 for the external test set. To demonstrate the practical applicability of the models in virtual screening, we screened an in-house data set with 3601 compounds, and 30 compounds were selected for further bioactivity assay. The assay results showed that 10 out of 30 compounds exerted significant BuChE inhibitory activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.32 to 22.22 μM, at which three new scaffolds as BuChE inhibitors were identified for the first time. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on BuChE inhibitors using machine learning approaches. The models generated from SVM and naive Bayesian approaches successfully predicted BuChE inhibitors. The study proved the feasibility of a new method for predicting bioactivities of ligands and discovering novel lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansong Fang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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17
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Moonsamy S, Soliman MES. Dual acting HIV inhibitors: integrated rational in silico design strategy. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Xing W, Fu Y, Shi Z, Lu D, Zhang H, Hu Y. Discovery of novel 2,6-disubstituted pyridazinone derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:95-103. [PMID: 23466605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
2,6-Disubstituted pyridazinone 4 was identified by HTS as a novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Under SAR development, compound 17e stood out as displaying high AChE inhibitory activity and AChE/butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) selectivity in vitro. Docking studies revealed that 17e might interact with the catalytic active site (CAS) and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) simultaneously. Based on this novel binding information, 6-ortho-tolylamino and N-ethyl-N-isopropylacetamide substituted piperidine were disclosed as new PAS and CAS binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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19
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Catto M, Pisani L, Leonetti F, Nicolotti O, Pesce P, Stefanachi A, Cellamare S, Carotti A. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of coumarin alkylamines as potent and selective dual binding site inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase. Bioorg Med Chem 2012. [PMID: 23199476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are currently the drugs of choice, although only symptomatic and palliative, for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Donepezil is one of most used AChEIs in AD therapy, acting as a dual binding site, reversible inhibitor of AChE with high selectivity over butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Through a combined target- and ligand-based approach, a series of coumarin alkylamines matching the structural determinants of donepezil were designed and prepared. 6,7-Dimethoxycoumarin derivatives carrying a protonatable benzylamino group, linked to position 3 by suitable linkers, exhibited fairly good AChE inhibitory activity and a high selectivity over BChE. The inhibitory potency was strongly influenced by the length and shape of the spacer and by the methoxy substituents on the coumarin scaffold. The inhibition mechanism, assessed for the most active compound 13 (IC(50) 7.6 nM) resulted in a mixed-type, thus confirming its binding at both the catalytic and peripheral binding sites of AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Catto
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy.
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20
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Kaboudin B, Emadi S, Faghihi MR, Fallahi M, Sheikh-Hasani V. Synthesis of α-oxycarbanilinophosphonates and their anticholinesterase activities: the most potent derivative is bound to the peripheral site of acetylcholinesterase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2012; 28:576-82. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.663362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Emadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS),
Gava Zang, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | | | - Vahid Sheikh-Hasani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS),
Gava Zang, Zanjan, Iran
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21
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Leman L, Kitson SL, Brown RT, Cairns J, Watters W, McMordie A, Murrell VL, Marfurt J. Synthesis of isotopically labelled [14C]ZT-1 (Debio-9902), [d3]ZT-1 and (−)-[d3]huperzine A, a new generation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Leman
- Isotope Chemistry Laboratories, Almac; Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate; Craigavon; BT63 5QD; UK
| | - Sean L Kitson
- Isotope Chemistry Laboratories, Almac; Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate; Craigavon; BT63 5QD; UK
| | - Rodney T Brown
- Isotope Chemistry Laboratories, Almac; Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate; Craigavon; BT63 5QD; UK
| | - Jana Cairns
- Isotope Chemistry Laboratories, Almac; Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate; Craigavon; BT63 5QD; UK
| | - William Watters
- Isotope Chemistry Laboratories, Almac; Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate; Craigavon; BT63 5QD; UK
| | - Austin McMordie
- Isotope Chemistry Laboratories, Almac; Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate; Craigavon; BT63 5QD; UK
| | - Victor L Murrell
- Isotope Chemistry Laboratories, Almac; Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate; Craigavon; BT63 5QD; UK
| | - Judith Marfurt
- Debiopharm S.A.; Forum Après-demain; Chemin Messidor 5-7; CP 5911-1002; Lausanne; Switzerland
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22
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Pisani L, Catto M, Giangreco I, Leonetti F, Nicolotti O, Stefanachi A, Cellamare S, Carotti A. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of coumarin derivatives tethered to an edrophonium-like fragment as highly potent and selective dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2011; 5:1616-30. [PMID: 20677317 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A large series of substituted coumarins linked through an appropriate spacer to 3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylanilino or 3-hydroxy-N,N,N-trialkylbenzaminium moieties were synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. The highest AChE inhibitory potency in the 3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylanilino series was observed with a 6,7-dimethoxy-3-substituted coumarin derivative, which, along with an outstanding affinity (IC(50)=0.236 nM) exhibits excellent AChE/BChE selectivity (SI>300 000). Most of the synthesized 3-hydroxy-N,N,N-trialkylbenzaminium salts display an AChE affinity in the sub-nanomolar to picomolar range along with excellent AChE/BChE selectivities (SI values up to 138 333). The combined use of docking and molecular dynamics simulations permitted us to shed light on the observed structure-affinity and structure-selectivity relationships, to detect two possible alternative binding modes, and to assess the critical role of pi-pi stacking interactions in the AChE peripheral binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Pisani
- Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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23
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Li B, Zhao L, Wang C, Guo H, Wu L, Zhang X, Qian W, Wang H, Guo Y. The protein-protein interface evolution acts in a similar way to antibody affinity maturation. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:3865-3871. [PMID: 20007707 PMCID: PMC2823529 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.076547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionary mechanism that acts at the interfaces of protein-protein complexes is a fundamental issue with high interest for delineating the macromolecular complexes and networks responsible for regulation and complexity in biological systems. To investigate whether the evolution of protein-protein interface acts in a similar way as antibody affinity maturation, we incorporated evolutionary information derived from antibody affinity maturation with common simulation techniques to evaluate prediction success rates of the computational method in affinity improvement in four different systems: antibody-receptor, antibody-peptide, receptor-membrane ligand, and receptor-soluble ligand. It was interesting to find that the same evolutionary information could improve the prediction success rates in all the four protein-protein complexes with an exceptional high accuracy (>57%). One of the most striking findings in our present study is that not only in the antibody-combining site but in other protein-protein interfaces almost all of the affinity-enhancing mutations are located at the germline hotspot sequences (RGYW or WA), indicating that DNA hot spot mechanisms may be widely used in the evolution of protein-protein interfaces. Our data suggest that the evolution of distinct protein-protein interfaces may use the same basic strategy under selection pressure to maintain interactions. Additionally, our data indicate that classical simulation techniques incorporating the evolutionary information derived from in vivo antibody affinity maturation can be utilized as a powerful tool to improve the binding affinity of protein-protein complex with a high accuracy.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
- Antibody Affinity/genetics
- Antibody Affinity/immunology
- Antigens, CD/chemistry
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites/genetics
- CTLA-4 Antigen
- Computer Simulation
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Evolution, Molecular
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/chemistry
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Mapping/methods
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Proteins/chemistry
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
- Rituximab
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohua Li
- From the International Joint Cancer Institute and 301 General Hospital Cancer Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433; the National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, and
| | - Lei Zhao
- From the International Joint Cancer Institute and 301 General Hospital Cancer Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433
| | - Chong Wang
- the School of Medicine and School of Pharmacy, The Center for Antibody Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Huaizu Guo
- the School of Medicine and School of Pharmacy, The Center for Antibody Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lan Wu
- From the International Joint Cancer Institute and 301 General Hospital Cancer Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433
| | - Xunming Zhang
- From the International Joint Cancer Institute and 301 General Hospital Cancer Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433
| | - Weizhu Qian
- From the International Joint Cancer Institute and 301 General Hospital Cancer Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433; the National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, and
| | - Hao Wang
- From the International Joint Cancer Institute and 301 General Hospital Cancer Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433; the National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, and
| | - Yajun Guo
- From the International Joint Cancer Institute and 301 General Hospital Cancer Center, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433; the National Engineering Research Center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering & Antibody, Shanghai 201203, and; the School of Medicine and School of Pharmacy, The Center for Antibody Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
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24
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Characterization of a rituximab variant with potent antitumor activity against rituximab-resistant B-cell lymphoma. Blood 2009; 114:5007-15. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-06-225474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDespite widespread use of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb), rituximab, in treating B-cell lymphomas, its efficacy remains variable and often modest. A better understanding of rituximab-mediated killing mechanisms is essential to develop more effective therapeutic agents. In this study, we modulated the binding property of rituximab by introducing several point mutations in its complementarity-determining regions. The data showed that changing the binding avidity of rituximab in the range from 10−8 to 10−10 M could regulate its antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity but not affect its complement-dependent cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing activity in B-lymphoma cells. Contradictory to previous findings, we found that the complement-dependent cytotoxicity potency of CD20 mAb was independent of the off-rate. Despite still being a type I CD20 mAb, a rituximab triple mutant (H57DE/H102YK/L93NR), which had a similar binding avidity to a double mutant (H57DE/H102YK), was unexpectedly found to have extremely potent apoptosis-inducing activity. Moreover, this triple mutant, which was demonstrated to efficiently initiate both caspase-dependent and -independent apoptosis, exhibited potent in vivo therapeutic efficacy, even in the rituximab-resistant lymphoma model, suggesting that it might be a promising therapeutic agent for B-cell lymphomas.
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25
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Camps P, Formosa X, Galdeano C, Muñoz-Torrero D, Ramírez L, Gómez E, Isambert N, Lavilla R, Badia A, Clos MV, Bartolini M, Mancini F, Andrisano V, Arce MP, Rodríguez-Franco MI, Huertas Ó, Dafni T, Luque FJ. Pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline−6-Chlorotacrine Hybrids as a Novel Family of Acetylcholinesterase- and β-Amyloid-Directed Anti-Alzheimer Compounds. J Med Chem 2009; 52:5365-79. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900859q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pelayo Camps
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Formosa
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Galdeano
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena Ramírez
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolás Isambert
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Badia
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Victòria Clos
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna University, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Mancini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna University, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna University, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariana P. Arce
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Óscar Huertas
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomai Dafni
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Javier Luque
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Fang L, Appenroth D, Decker M, Kiehntopf M, Lupp A, Peng S, Fleck C, Zhang Y, Lehmann J. NO-donating tacrine hybrid compounds improve scopolamine-induced cognition impairment and show less hepatotoxicity. J Med Chem 2009; 51:7666-9. [PMID: 19053746 DOI: 10.1021/jm801131a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of tacrine-NO donor hybrid compounds are synthesized and evaluated for cholinesterase inhibitory activity, cognition improving activity, and hepatotoxicity. The pharmacological results indicate that hybrid compounds 1, 2, and 3a potently inhibit cholinesterase in vitro and significantly improve the scopolamine-induced cognition impairment, whereas an analogue (3h) of 2 without the NO donor moiety does not. Compared to tacrine, 1 and 2 show much less hepatotoxicity. Molecular modeling studies suggest that 2 may interact with the catalytic and the peripheral anionic site of acetylcholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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27
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Leonetti F, Catto M, Nicolotti O, Pisani L, Cappa A, Stefanachi A, Carotti A. Homo- and hetero-bivalent edrophonium-like ammonium salts as highly potent, dual binding site AChE inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7450-6. [PMID: 18585045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A number of mono- and bis-quaternary ammonium salts, containing edrophonium-like and coumarin moieties tethered by an appropriate linker, proved to be highly potent and selective dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with good selectivity over butyrylcholinesterase. Homobivalent bis-quaternary inhibitors 11 and 12, differing by only one methylene unit in the linker, were the most potent and selective inhibitors exhibiting a sub-nanomolar affinity (IC(50)=0.49 and 0.17 nM, respectively) and a high butyryl-/acetylcholinesterase affinity ratio (SI=1465 and 4165, respectively). The corresponding hetero-bivalent coumarinic inhibitors 13 and 14 were also endowed with excellent inhibitory potency but a lower AChE selectivity (IC(50)=2.1 and 1.0 nM, and SI=505 and 708, respectively). Docking simulations enabled clear interpretation of the structure-affinity relationships and detection of key binding interactions at the primary and peripheral AChE binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Leonetti
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Bari, via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
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28
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Camps P, Formosa X, Galdeano C, Gómez T, Muñoz-Torrero D, Scarpellini M, Viayna E, Badia A, Clos MV, Camins A, Pallàs M, Bartolini M, Mancini F, Andrisano V, Estelrich J, Lizondo M, Bidon-Chanal A, Luque FJ. Novel Donepezil-Based Inhibitors of Acetyl- and Butyrylcholinesterase and Acetylcholinesterase-Induced β-Amyloid Aggregation. J Med Chem 2008; 51:3588-98. [DOI: 10.1021/jm8001313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pelayo Camps
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Xavier Formosa
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Carles Galdeano
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Tània Gómez
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Michele Scarpellini
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Elisabet Viayna
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Albert Badia
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - M. Victòria Clos
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Antoni Camins
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Francesca Mancini
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Joan Estelrich
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Mònica Lizondo
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - Axel Bidon-Chanal
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
| | - F. Javier Luque
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain, Department of
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Butini S, Campiani G, Borriello M, Gemma S, Panico A, Persico M, Catalanotti B, Ros S, Brindisi M, Agnusdei M, Fiorini I, Nacci V, Novellino E, Belinskaya T, Saxena A, Fattorusso C. Exploiting Protein Fluctuations at the Active-Site Gorge of Human Cholinesterases: Further Optimization of the Design Strategy to Develop Extremely Potent Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2008; 51:3154-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jm701253t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Butini
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Marianna Borriello
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Sandra Gemma
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Alessandro Panico
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Marco Persico
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Bruno Catalanotti
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Sindu Ros
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Margherita Brindisi
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Marianna Agnusdei
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Isabella Fiorini
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Vito Nacci
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Ettore Novellino
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Tatyana Belinskaya
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Ashima Saxena
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (NatSynDrugs), Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy, Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, via Aldo Moro, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali e Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy, and Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
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Design and synthesis of tacrine–ferulic acid hybrids as multi-potent anti-Alzheimer drug candidates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2905-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 03/25/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Fang L, Appenroth D, Decker M, Kiehntopf M, Roegler C, Deufel T, Fleck C, Peng S, Zhang Y, Lehmann J. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of NO-Donor-Tacrine Hybrids as Hepatoprotective Anti-Alzheimer Drug Candidates. J Med Chem 2008; 51:713-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jm701491k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Wang Z, Bennett EM, Wilson DJ, Salomon C, Vince R. Rationally designed dual inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase and integrase. J Med Chem 2007; 50:3416-9. [PMID: 17608468 DOI: 10.1021/jm070512p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional inhibitors were designed and synthesized based on 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT)a1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors and diketoacid (DKA) integrase (IN) inhibitors. Biochemical studies revealed activity against RT and IN at low nanomolar and low micromolar concentrations, respectively. Exceptionally low IC50 values from a cell-based assay were achieved along with remarkably high therapeutic indices. Compound 7 was identified as the best compound of the series (IC50: 24 nM against RT, 4.4 microM against IN, and 10 nM against HIV-1).
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