1
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Singh P, Min J, Min S, Moon K, Kim HS, Kim IS. Sulfur-Directed α-C(sp 3)-H Amidation of Pyrrolidines with Dioxazolones under Rhodium Catalysis. Org Lett 2024; 26:57-61. [PMID: 38134331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Site-selective functionalization of saturated N-heterocycles such as pyrrolidines is a central topic in organic synthesis and drug discovery. We herein report the sulfur-assisted rhodium(III)-catalyzed sp3 C-H amidation of pyrrolidines with dioxazolones as amidating agents. The amenability of the thioamide directing group is elucidated by a series of control experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pargat Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Min
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Min
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongwon Moon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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2
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Pan Y, Luo ZL, Yang J, Han J, Yang J, yao Z, Xu L, Wang P, Shi Q. Cobalt‐Catalyzed Selective Transformation of Levulinic Acid and Amines into Pyrrolidines and Pyrrolidinones under H2. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - zhen yao
- Renmin University of China CHINA
| | - Lijin Xu
- Renmin University of China CHINA
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3
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Łowicki D, Przybylski P. Tandem construction of biological relevant aliphatic 5-membered N-heterocycles. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114303. [PMID: 35344904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nature often uses cascade reactions in a highly stereocontrolled manner for assembly structurally diverse nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds, i.e. secondary metabolites, important for medicinal chemistry and pharmacy. Five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles as standalone rings, as well as spiro and polycyclic systems are pharmacophores of drugs approved in various therapies, i.a. antibacterial or antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, antidiabetic, as they target many key enzymes. Furthermore, a large number of pyrrolidine derivatives are currently considered as drug candidates. Cascade transformations, also known as domino or tandem reactions, offer straightforward methods to build N-heterocyclic libraries of the great structural variety desired for drawing SAR conclusions. The tandem transformations are often atom economic and time-saving because they are performed as the one-pot, so no need for purification after each 'virtual' step and the limited necessity of protective groups are characteristic for these processes. Thus, the same results as in classical multistep synthesis can be achieved at markedly lower costs and shorter time, which is in line with modern green chemistry rules. Great advantage of cascade reactions is often reflected in their high regio- and stereoselectivities, enabling the preparing of the heterocyclic compound better fitted to the expected target in cells. This review reveals the biological relevance of N-heterocyclic scaffolds based on saturated 5-membered rings since we showed a number of examples of approved drugs together with the recent biologically attractive leading structures of drug candidates. Next, novel cascade synthetic procedures, taking into account the structure of the reactants and reaction mechanisms, enabling to obtain biological-relevant heterocyclic frameworks with good yields and relatively high stereoselectivity, were reviewed and compared. The review covers the advances of designing biological active N-heterocycles mainly from 2018 to 2021, whereas the synthetic part is focused on the last 7 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Łowicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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4
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ElHefnawi M, Jo E, Tolba MM, Fares M, Yang J, Shahbaaz M, Windisch MP. Drug repurposing through virtual screening and in vitro validation identifies tigecycline as a novel putative HCV polymerase inhibitor. Virology 2022; 570:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Elghoneimy LK, Ismail MI, Boeckler FM, Azzazy HME, Ibrahim TM. Facilitating SARS CoV-2 RNA-Dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) drug discovery by the aid of HCV NS5B palm subdomain binders: In silico approaches and benchmarking. Comput Biol Med 2021; 134:104468. [PMID: 34015671 PMCID: PMC8111889 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Corona Virus 2019 Disease (COVID-19) is a rapidly emerging pandemic caused by a newly discovered beta coronavirus, called Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2). SARS CoV-2 is an enveloped, single stranded RNA virus that depends on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) to replicate. Therefore, SARS CoV-2 RdRp is considered as a promising target to cease virus replication. SARS CoV-2 polymerase shows high structural similarity to Hepatitis C Virus-1b genotype (HCV-1b) polymerase. Arising from the high similarity between SARS CoV-2 RdRp and HCV NS5B, we utilized the reported small-molecule binders to the palm subdomain of HCV NS5B (genotype 1b) to generate a high-quality DEKOIS 2.0 benchmark set and conducted a benchmarking analysis against HCV NS5B. The three highly cited and publicly available docking tools AutoDock Vina, FRED and PLANTS were benchmarked. Based on the benchmarking results and analysis via pROC-Chemotype plot, PLANTS showed the best screening performance and can recognize potent binders at the early enrichment. Accordingly, we used PLANTS in a prospective virtual screening to repurpose both the FDA-approved drugs (DrugBank) and the HCV-NS5B palm subdomain binders (BindingDB) for SARS CoV-2 RdRp palm subdomain. Further assessment by molecular dynamics simulations for 50 ns recommended diosmin (from DrugBank) and compound 3 (from BindingDB) to be the best potential binders to SARS CoV-2 RdRp palm subdomain. The best predicted compounds are recommended to be biologically investigated against COVID-19. In conclusion, this work provides in-silico analysis to propose possible SARS CoV-2 RdRp palm subdomain binders recommended as a remedy for COVID-19. Up-to-our knowledge, this study is the first to propose binders at the palm subdomain of SARS CoV2 RdRp. Furthermore, this study delivers an example of how to make use of a high quality custom-made DEKOIS 2.0 benchmark set as a procedure to elevate the virtual screening success rate against a vital target of the rapidly emerging pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila K Elghoneimy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, SSE # 1184, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Muhammad I Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Al-Sherouk City, Cairo-Suez Desert Road, 11837, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Frank M Boeckler
- Department of Pharmacy, Eberhard-Karls University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hassan M E Azzazy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, SSE # 1184, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
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6
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Kiran INC, Fujita K, Kobayashi K, Tanaka S, Kitamura M. A Monocationic Zn(II) Acetate Complex of a Chiral Bisamidine Dioxolane Ligand, Naph-diPIM-dioxo-R, for the Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Tridentate α-Substituted α-Imino Esters and Acrylates to Multi-Substituted Prolines: Importance of an n-π* Interaction for High Enantioselectivity. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuki Fujita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Masato Kitamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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7
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Taha AG, Elboray EE, Kobayashi Y, Furuta T, Abbas-Temirek HH, Aly MF. Nitro-Substituted Benzaldehydes in the Generation of Azomethine Ylides and Retro-1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:547-558. [PMID: 33283511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of 2- and 3-nitrobenzaldehydes with 2-aminomethylpyridine and ethyl (2E)-2-cyano-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoate yielded endo-cycloadducts as the sole products under various reaction conditions. Fortuitously, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde behaved differently in three- and four-component cascades to produce a mixture of endo- and exo'-cycloadducts. This reaction is solvent- and temperature-dependent, and consequently, both the endo- and exo'-cycloadducts were synthesized in an excellent regio-, stereo-, and chemoselective fashion. Retro-1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of the endo-cycloadducts were conducted under mild reaction conditions, and the generated syn-dipoles were stereomutated into anti-dipoles which recycloadded with the dipolarophiles to provide the exo'-cycloadducts. Mechanistic studies were carried out to support the proposed mechanisms. Unprecedentedly, particular arylidene scaffolds participated as aldehyde or activated methylene precursors. Density functional theory calculations were performed to shed light on the importance of AcOH in the generation and isomerization of dipoles and to explain the high selectivity and the possibility of retro-cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed G Taha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Elghareeb E Elboray
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takumi Furuta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | | | - Moustafa F Aly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
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8
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Chaithanya Kiran IN, Fujita K, Tanaka S, Kitamura M. Asymmetric Synthesis of Multi‐substituted Prolines via a Catalytic 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Using a Monocationic Zn
II
OAc Complex of a Chiral Bisamidine Ligand, Naph‐diPIM‐dioxo‐R. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuki Fujita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Research Center for Materials Science Nagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Masato Kitamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
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9
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Neto JSS, Zeni G. Transition Metal‐Catalyzed and Metal‐Free Cyclization Reactions of Alkynes with Nitrogen‐Containing Substrates: Synthesis of Pyrrole Derivatives. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose S. S. Neto
- Departamento de QuímicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Santa Catarina 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Gilson Zeni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratório de Síntese Reatividade Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, CCNEUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900 Brazil
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10
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Potowski M, Kunig VBK, Losch F, Brunschweiger A. Synthesis of DNA-coupled isoquinolones and pyrrolidines by solid phase ytterbium- and silver-mediated imine chemistry. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1082-1093. [PMID: 31391880 PMCID: PMC6644566 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
DNA-encoded libraries of chemically synthesized compounds are an important small molecule screening technology. The synthesis of encoded compounds in solution is currently restricted to a few DNA-compatible and water-tolerant reactions. Encoded compound synthesis of short DNA-barcodes covalently connected to solid supports benefits from a broad range of choices of organic solvents. Here, we show that this encoded chemistry approach allows for the synthesis of DNA-coupled isoquinolones by an Yb(iii)-mediated Castagnoli-Cushman reaction under anhydrous reaction conditions and for the synthesis of highly substituted pyrrolidines by Ag(i)-mediated 1,3-dipolar azomethine ylide cycloaddition. An encoding scheme for these DNA-barcoded compounds based on a DNA hairpin is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Potowski
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany .
| | - Verena B K Kunig
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany .
| | - Florian Losch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany .
| | - Andreas Brunschweiger
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany .
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11
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Stereoselective synthesis and biological evaluation as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase of GSK3082 analogues with structural diversity at the 5-position. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 171:401-419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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12
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Trost BM, Gnanamani E, Hung CIJ, Kalnmals CA. Synthesis of Chiral, Densely Substituted Pyrrolidones via Phosphine-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization. Org Lett 2019; 21:1890-1894. [PMID: 30829494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Densely substituted chiral pyrrolidones are synthesized via phosphine-catalyzed cycloisomerization of enantioenriched β-amino ynones, which are prepared in a single step using a highly enantioselective Zn-ProPhenol-catalyzed Mannich reaction. The exocyclic alkenes in the cyclization products provide versatile handles for further transformations and typically form with good E/ Z selectivity. This cycloisomerization method can be performed in streamlined fashion, without purification of the intermediate Mannich adduct, and extends to anthranilic acid based scaffolds in addition to ProPhenol-derived Mannich adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Trost
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Elumalai Gnanamani
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Chao-I Joey Hung
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Christopher A Kalnmals
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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13
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Kanchupalli V, Katukojvala S. [1+1+3] Annulation of Diazoenals and Vinyl Azides: Direct Synthesis of Functionalized 1-Pyrrolines through Olefination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinaykumar Kanchupalli
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education & Research BhopaI; Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Sreenivas Katukojvala
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education & Research BhopaI; Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
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14
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Kanchupalli V, Katukojvala S. [1+1+3] Annulation of Diazoenals and Vinyl Azides: Direct Synthesis of Functionalized 1-Pyrrolines through Olefination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinaykumar Kanchupalli
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education & Research BhopaI; Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
| | - Sreenivas Katukojvala
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education & Research BhopaI; Madhya Pradesh 462066 India
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15
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Reddy MS, Chowhan LR, Satish Kumar N, Ramesh P, Mukkamala SB. An expedient regio and diastereoselective synthesis of novel spiropyrrolidinylindenoquinoxalines via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Chabour I, Castelló LM, Mancebo-Aracil J, Martín-Rodríguez M, de Gracia Retamosa M, Nájera C, Sansano JM. Dual chiral silver catalyst in the synthetic approach to the core of hepatitis C virus inhibitor GSK 625433 using enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and electrophilic alkenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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17
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Gasparyan SP, Alexanyan MV, Arutyunyan GK, Kocharov SL, Martirosyan AH, Tamazyan RA, Ayvazyan AG, Panosyan HA, Danagulyan GG. Synthesis of new derivatives of 5-(3,4-dihydro-2Н-pyrrol-5-yl)-pyrimidine. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428016110166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Rajkumar V, Babu SA, Padmavathi R. Regio- and diastereoselective construction of a new set of functionalized pyrrolidine, spiropyrrolidine and spiropyrrolizidine scaffolds appended with aryl- and heteroaryl moieties via the azomethine ylide cycloadditions. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Nájera C, Sansano JM. Binap and Phosphoramidites as Privileged Chiral Ligands for the Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides. CHEM REC 2016; 16:2430-2448. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Nájera
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Centro de Innovación; en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante; 03080 Alicante Spain
| | - José M. Sansano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica; and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante; 03080 Alicante (Spain)
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20
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Mir NA, Choudhary S, Ramaraju P, Singh D, Kumar I. Microwave assisted aminocatalyzed [3 + 2] annulation between α-iminonitriles and succinaldehyde: synthesis of pyrrole-3-methanols and related polycyclic ring systems. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06831f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A quick and highly efficient method for the synthesis of substituted pyrrole-3-methanols from α-iminonitriles and succinaldehyde under microwave irradiation is reported with good to high yields (up to 75%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar A. Mir
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333 031
- India
| | - Sachin Choudhary
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333 031
- India
| | - Panduga Ramaraju
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333 031
- India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Instrumentation Division
- IIIM-CSIR Lab
- Jammu 180 001
- India
| | - Indresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333 031
- India
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21
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Hepatitis C Virus Polymerase as a Target for Antiviral Drug Intervention: Non-Nucleoside Inhibitors. Antiviral Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1128/9781555815493.ch8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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22
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Nájera C, Sansano JM. Coinage metal complexes as chiral catalysts for 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Boominathan SSK, Hu W, Senadi GC, Wang J. Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Conia‐Ene Reaction: Synthesis of 3‐Pyrrolines
via
a 5‐
endo
‐
dig
Cyclization. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wan‐Ping Hu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Gopal Chandru Senadi
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Jeh‐Jeng Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
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24
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Lazerwith SE, Lew W, Zhang J, Morganelli P, Liu Q, Canales E, Clarke MO, Doerffler E, Byun D, Mertzman M, Ye H, Chong L, Xu L, Appleby T, Chen X, Fenaux M, Hashash A, Leavitt SA, Mabery E, Matles M, Mwangi JW, Tian Y, Lee YJ, Zhang J, Zhu C, Murray BP, Watkins WJ. Discovery of GS-9669, a Thumb Site II Non-Nucleoside Inhibitor of NS5B for the Treatment of Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C Infection. J Med Chem 2013; 57:1893-901. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401420j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott E. Lazerwith
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Willard Lew
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jennifer Zhang
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Philip Morganelli
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Eda Canales
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Michael O. Clarke
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Edward Doerffler
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Daniel Byun
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Michael Mertzman
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Hong Ye
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Lee Chong
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Lianhong Xu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Todd Appleby
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Xiaowu Chen
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Martijn Fenaux
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Ahmad Hashash
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Stephanie A. Leavitt
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Eric Mabery
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Mike Matles
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Judy W. Mwangi
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Yang Tian
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Yu-Jen Lee
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Christine Zhu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Bernard P. Murray
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - William J. Watkins
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
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25
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Accounting for Target Flexibility and Water Molecules by Docking to Ensembles of Target Structures: The HCV NS5B Palm Site I Inhibitors Case Study. J Chem Inf Model 2013; 54:481-97. [DOI: 10.1021/ci400367m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Chaulagain MR, Felten AE, Gilbert K, Aron ZD. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Three-Component Coupling Approach to Highly Substituted Pyrrolidines. J Org Chem 2013; 78:9471-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401015y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mani Raj Chaulagain
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Albert E. Felten
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Kevin Gilbert
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Zachary D. Aron
- Department
of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
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27
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Aghemo A, De Francesco R. New horizons in hepatitis C antiviral therapy with direct-acting antivirals. Hepatology 2013; 58:428-38. [PMID: 23467911 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Most direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) that are being developed as therapy against hepatitis C virus target the NS3/4A protease, the NS5A protein, and the NS5B polymerase. The latter enzyme offers different target sites: the catalytic domain for nucleos(t)ide analogues as well as a number of allosteric sites for nonnucleos(t)ide inhibitors. Two NS3/4A protease inhibitors have been approved recently, and more than 40 new NS3/4A, NS5A, or NS5B inhibitors are in development. These agents can achieve very high cure rates when combined with pegylated interferon-β and ribavirin and show promising clinical results when administered in all-oral combinations. In addition to the more canonical drug targets, new alternative viral targets for small-molecule drug development are emerging, such as p7 or NS4B and viral entry. Future research will need to define well-tolerated and cost-effective DAA combinations that provide the highest rates of viral eradication in all patients (including those with advanced liver disease), the broadest spectrum of action on viral genotypes showing minimal or no clinical resistance, and the shortest treatment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Aghemo
- A.M. e A. Migliavacca Center for the Study of Liver Disease 1st Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS Cá Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
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28
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Patel B, Krishnan R, Khadtare N, Gurukumar KR, Basu A, Arora P, Bhatt A, Patel MR, Dana D, Kumar S, Kaushik-Basu N, Talele TT. Design and synthesis of L- and D-phenylalanine derived rhodanines with novel C5-arylidenes as inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3262-71. [PMID: 23598249 PMCID: PMC3651775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase is a key target for anti-HCV therapeutics development. Herein, we report the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of anti-NS5B polymerase activity of a molecular hybrid of our previously reported lead compounds 1 (IC50=7.7 μM) and 2 (IC50=10.6 μM) as represented by hybrid compound 27 (IC50=6.7 μM). We have explored the optimal substituents on the terminal phenyl ring of the 3-phenoxybenzylidene moiety in 27, by generating a set of six analogs. This resulted in the identification of compound 34 with an IC50 of 2.6 μM. To probe the role of stereochemistry towards the observed biological activity, we synthesized and evaluated the D-isomers 41 (IC50=19.3 μM) and 45 (IC50=5.4 μM) as enantiomers of the l-isomers 27 and 34, respectively. The binding site of compounds 32 and 34 was mapped to palm pocket-I (PP-I) of NS5B. The docking models of 34 and 45 within the PP-I of NS5B were investigated to envisage the molecular mechanism of inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargav Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Ramalingam Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Nikhil Khadtare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - K. R. Gurukumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Amartya Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Payal Arora
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Aaditya Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Maulik R. Patel
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Dibyendu Dana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 65–30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - Sanjai Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 65–30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - Neerja Kaushik-Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Tanaji T. Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
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29
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Nichols DB, Leão RAC, Basu A, Chudayeu M, de Moraes PDF, Talele TT, Costa PRR, Kaushik-Basu N. Evaluation of Coumarin and Neoflavone Derivatives as HCV NS5B Polymerase Inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 81:607-14. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Nichols
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School; 185 South Orange Avenue; Newark; NJ; 07103; USA
| | - Raquel A. C. Leão
- Laboratório de Química Bioorgânica, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Bloco H; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; RJ; 21941-590; Brazil
| | - Amartya Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School; 185 South Orange Avenue; Newark; NJ; 07103; USA
| | - Maksim Chudayeu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School; 185 South Orange Avenue; Newark; NJ; 07103; USA
| | - Paula de F. de Moraes
- Laboratório de Química Bioorgânica, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Bloco H; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; RJ; 21941-590; Brazil
| | - Tanaji T. Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; St. John's University; Queens; NY; 11439; USA
| | - Paulo R. R. Costa
- Laboratório de Química Bioorgânica, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais; Centro de Ciências da Saúde; Bloco H; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; RJ; 21941-590; Brazil
| | - Neerja Kaushik-Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School; 185 South Orange Avenue; Newark; NJ; 07103; USA
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30
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Talamas FX, Ao-Ieong G, Brameld KA, Chin E, de Vicente J, Dunn JP, Ghate M, Giannetti AM, Harris SF, Labadie SS, Leveque V, Li J, Lui AST, McCaleb KL, Nájera I, Schoenfeld RC, Wang B, Wong A. De novo fragment design: a medicinal chemistry approach to fragment-based lead generation. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3115-9. [PMID: 23509929 DOI: 10.1021/jm4002605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of fragments with low binding affinity for their targets as starting points has received much attention recently. Screening of fragment libraries has been the most common method to find attractive starting points. Herein, we describe a unique, alternative approach to generating fragment leads. A binding model was developed and a set of guidelines were then selected to use this model to design fragments, enabling our discovery of a novel fragment with high LE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco X Talamas
- Hoffmann-La Roche Inc, Pharma Research & Early Development, 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States.
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31
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Jean A, Blanchet J, Rouden J, Maddaluno J, De Paolis M. Stereoselective access to heteroarylmethylene-substituted pyrrolidines: fully organocatalytic Mannich–hydroamination reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1651-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc38954a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Jean
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen, CNRS UMR, 6 boulevard du Marechal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
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32
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Delang L, Neyts J, Vliegen I, Abrignani S, Neddermann P, De Francesco R. Hepatitis C Virus-Specific Directly Acting Antiviral Drugs. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2013; 369:289-320. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-27340-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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33
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Multiple virtual screening approaches for finding new hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors: structure-based screens and molecular dynamics for the pursue of new poly pharmacological inhibitors. BMC Bioinformatics 2012; 13 Suppl 17:S5. [PMID: 23282180 PMCID: PMC3521232 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-13-s17-s5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA polymerase NS5B of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a well-characterised drug target with an active site and four allosteric binding sites. This work presents a workflow for virtual screening and its application to Drug Bank screening targeting the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA polymerase non-nucleoside binding sites. Potential polypharmacological drugs are sought with predicted active inhibition on viral replication, and with proven positive pharmaco-clinical profiles. The approach adopted was receptor-based. Docking screens, guided with contact pharmacophores and neural-network activity prediction models on all allosteric binding sites and MD simulations, constituted our analysis workflow for identification of potential hits. Steps included: 1) using a two-phase docking screen with Surflex and Glide Xp. 2) Ranking based on scores, and important H interactions. 3) a machine-learning target-trained artificial neural network PIC prediction model used for ranking. This provided a better correlation of IC50 values of the training sets for each site with different docking scores and sub-scores. 4) interaction pharmacophores-through retrospective analysis of protein-inhibitor complex X-ray structures for the interaction pharmacophore (common interaction modes) of inhibitors for the five non-nucleoside binding sites were constructed. These were used for filtering the hits according to the critical binding feature of formerly reported inhibitors. This filtration process resulted in identification of potential new inhibitors as well as formerly reported ones for the thumb II and Palm I sites (HCV-81) NS5B binding sites. Eventually molecular dynamics simulations were carried out, confirming the binding hypothesis and resulting in 4 hits.
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34
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Chulakov EN, Gruzdev DA, Levit GL, Kudryavtsev KV, Krasnov VP. Enantiomers of all-cis-5-(4-bromophenyl)-4-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-methoxycarbonylpyrrolidine: preparative HPLC separation and acylative kinetic resolution of the racemate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Haudecoeur R, Peuchmaur M, Ahmed-Belkacem A, Pawlotsky JM, Boumendjel A. Structure-Activity Relationships in the Development of Allosteric Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors: Ten Years of Research. Med Res Rev 2012; 33:934-84. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Haudecoeur
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire; Université de Grenoble/CNRS; UMR 5063, BP 53; 38041; Grenoble Cedex 9; France
| | - Marine Peuchmaur
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire; Université de Grenoble/CNRS; UMR 5063, BP 53; 38041; Grenoble Cedex 9; France
| | | | | | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire; Université de Grenoble/CNRS; UMR 5063, BP 53; 38041; Grenoble Cedex 9; France
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36
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MAP-kinase regulated cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity is essential for production of infectious hepatitis C virus particles. PLoS Pathog 2012; 8:e1002829. [PMID: 22911431 PMCID: PMC3406102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has infected around 160 million individuals. Current therapies have limited efficacy and are fraught with side effects. To identify cellular HCV dependency factors, possible therapeutic targets, we manipulated signaling cascades with pathway-specific inhibitors. Using this approach we identified the MAPK/ERK regulated, cytosolic, calcium-dependent, group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2G4A) as a novel HCV dependency factor. Inhibition of PLA2G4A activity reduced core protein abundance at lipid droplets, core envelopment and secretion of particles. Moreover, released particles displayed aberrant protein composition and were 100-fold less infectious. Exogenous addition of arachidonic acid, the cleavage product of PLA2G4A-catalyzed lipolysis, but not other related poly-unsaturated fatty acids restored infectivity. Strikingly, production of infectious Dengue virus, a relative of HCV, was also dependent on PLA2G4A. These results highlight previously unrecognized parallels in the assembly pathways of these human pathogens, and define PLA2G4A-dependent lipolysis as crucial prerequisite for production of highly infectious viral progeny. The human genome encodes more than 30 phospholipase A2s. These enzymes cleave fatty acids at the C2 atom of phosphoglycerides and thus modulate membrane properties. Among all PLA2s only PLA2G4A, which is recruited to perinuclear membranes by Ca2+ and activated by extracellular stimuli via the mitogen activated protein kinase pathway, specifically cleaves lipids with arachidonic acid. Metabolism of arachidonic acid yields prostaglandins and leukotriens, important lipid mediators of inflammation. We show that inhibition of PLA2G4A produces aberrant HCV particles and that infectivity is rescued by addition of arachidonic acid. Our results suggest that a specific lipid (arachidonic acid) is essential for production of highly infectious HCV progeny, likely by creating a membrane environment conducive for efficient incorporation of crucial host and viral factors into the lipid envelope of nascent particles. Strikingly, PLA2G4A is also essential for production of highly infectious Dengue Virus (DENV) particles but not for vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). These observations argue that HCV and DENV which unlike VSV produce particles at intracellular membranes usurp a common host factor (PLA2G4A) for assembly of highly infectious progeny. These findings open new perspectives for antiviral intervention and highlight thus far unrecognized parallels in the assembly pathway of HCV and DENV.
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37
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Liu Y, Lim BH, Jiang WW, Flentge CA, Hutchinson DK, Madigan DL, Randolph JT, Wagner R, Maring CJ, Kati WM, Molla A. Identification of aryl dihydrouracil derivatives as palm initiation site inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3747-50. [PMID: 22542020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aryl dihydrouracil derivatives were identified from high throughput screening as potent inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase. The aryl dihydrouracil derivatives were shown to be non-competitive with respect to template RNA and elongation nucleotide substrates. They demonstrated genotype 1 specific activity towards HCV NS5B polymerases. Structure activity relationships and genotype specific activities of aryl dihydrouracil derivatives suggested that they bind to the palm initiation nucleotide pocket, a hypothesis which was confirmed by studies with polymerases containing mutations in various inhibitor binding sites. Therefore, aryl dihydrouracil derivatives represent a novel class of palm initiation site inhibitors of HCV NS5B polymerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Liu
- Antiviral Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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38
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Breistein P, Johansson J, Ibrahem I, Lin S, Deiana L, Sun J, Cordova A. One-Step Catalytic Enantioselective α-Quaternary 5-Hydroxyproline Synthesis: An Asymmetric Entry to Highly Functionalized α-Quaternary Proline Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Sofia MJ, Chang W, Furman PA, Mosley RT, Ross BS. Nucleoside, nucleotide, and non-nucleoside inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS5B RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2481-531. [PMID: 22185586 DOI: 10.1021/jm201384j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Sofia
- Pharmasset, Inc., 303A College Road East, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States.
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40
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Li L, Zhang J. Lewis acid-catalyzed [3 + 2]cyclo-addition of alkynes with N-tosyl-aziridines via carbon-carbon bond cleavage: synthesis of highly substituted 3-pyrrolines. Org Lett 2011; 13:5940-3. [PMID: 22029251 DOI: 10.1021/ol202603e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel, efficient, and highly regioselective Lewis acid-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of alkynes with azomethine ylides, which are easily obtained from N-tosylaziridines via C-C bond heterolysis at room temperature was developed. Moderate enantioselectivity (70% ee) can be achieved by the application of the commercially available chiral Pybox 7 as the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
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41
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Martín-Rodríguez M, Nájera C, Sansano JM, de Cózar A, Cossío FP. Chiral gold(I) vs chiral silver complexes as catalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of the second generation GSK-hepatitis C virus inhibitor. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:988-96. [PMID: 21915198 PMCID: PMC3170196 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a GSK 2nd generation inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus, by enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between a leucine derived iminoester and tert-butyl acrylate, was studied. The comparison between silver(I) and gold(I) catalysts in this reaction was established by working with chiral phosphoramidites or with chiral BINAP. The best reaction conditions were used for the total synthesis of the hepatitis C virus inhibitor by a four step procedure affording this product in 99% ee and in 63% overall yield. The origin of the enantioselectivity of the chiral gold(I) catalyst was justified according to DFT calculations, the stabilizing coulombic interaction between the nitrogen atom of the thiazole moiety and one of the gold atoms being crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Martín-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
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42
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Recent advances in drug discovery of benzothiadiazine and related analogs as HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:4690-703. [PMID: 21798747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major health burden, with an estimated 170 million chronically infected individuals worldwide, and a leading cause of liver transplantation. Patients are at increased risk of developing liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and even liver failure. In the past two decades, several approaches have been adopted to inhibit non-structural viral proteins. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) of HCV is one of the attractive validated targets for development of new drugs to block HCV infection. In this review, we report the recent progress made towards identifying and developing benzothiadiazines as HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors. The substituted benzothiadiazine class was identified by HTS in 2002 as an NS5B inhibitor. Further optimization and modification of the core has improved the potency and pharmacokinetic properties of substituted benzothiadiazines. Research on palm site-binding benzothiadiazine analogs and related derivatives and analogs is discussed in this article.
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43
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Lin S, Deiana L, Zhao GL, Sun J, Córdova A. Dynamic One-Pot Three-Component Catalytic Asymmetric Transformation by Combination of Hydrogen-Bond-Donating and Amine Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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Lin S, Deiana L, Zhao GL, Sun J, Córdova A. Dynamic One-Pot Three-Component Catalytic Asymmetric Transformation by Combination of Hydrogen-Bond-Donating and Amine Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7624-30. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Nájera C, Sansano JM. Enantioselective synthesis of proline derivatives by 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-011-0467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Chaulagain MR, Aron ZD. A Diastereoselective Three-Component Coupling Approach to Highly Substituted Pyrrolidines. J Org Chem 2010; 75:8271-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101304q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mani Raj Chaulagain
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
| | - Zachary D. Aron
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405-7102, United States
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47
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Pourbasheer E, Riahi S, Ganjali MR, Norouzi P. QSAR study of C allosteric binding site of HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitors by support vector machine. Mol Divers 2010; 15:645-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-010-9283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Musmuca I, Caroli A, Mai A, Kaushik-Basu N, Arora P, Ragno R. Combining 3-D quantitative structure-activity relationship with ligand based and structure based alignment procedures for in silico screening of new hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2010; 50:662-76. [PMID: 20225870 DOI: 10.1021/ci9004749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The viral NS5B RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) is one of the best-studied and promising targets for the development of novel therapeutics against hepatitis C virus (HCV). Allosteric inhibition of this enzyme has emerged as a viable strategy toward blocking replication of viral RNA in cell based systems. Herein, we describe how the combination of a complete computational procedure together with biological studies led to the identification of novel molecular scaffolds, hitherto untested toward NS5B polymerase. Structure based 3-D quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were generated employing NS5B non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNIs), whose bound conformations were readily available from the protein database (PDB). These were grouped into two training sets of structurally diverse NS5B NNIs, based on their binding to the enzyme thumb (15 NNIs) or palm (10 NNIs) domains. Ligand based (LB) and structure based (SB) alignments were rigorously investigated to assess the reliability on the correct molecular alignment for unknown binding mode modeled compounds. Both Surflex and Autodock programs were able to reproduce with minimal errors the experimental binding conformations of 24 experimental NS5B allosteric inhibitors. Eighty-one (thumb) and 223 (palm) modeled compounds taken from literature were LB and SB aligned and used as external validation sets for the development of 3-D QSAR models. Low error of prediction proved the 3-D QSARs to be useful scoring functions for the in silico screening procedure. Finally, the virtual screening of the NCI Diversity Set led to the selection for enzymatic assays of 20 top-scoring molecules for each final model. Among the 40 selected molecules, preliminary data yielded four derivatives exhibiting IC(50) values ranging between 45 and 75 microM. Binding mode analysis of hit compounds within the NS5B polymerase thumb domain showed that one of them, NSC 123526, exhibited a docked conformation which was in good agreement with the thumb training set most active compound (6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Musmuca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza Universita di Roma, P le A Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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49
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Jepsen TH, Larsen M, Nielsen MB. On the scope of Pd-catalyzed carboamination reactions—synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted pyrrolidines and 2-substituted piperidines and morpholines. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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50
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Delang L, Coelmont L, Neyts J. Antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus: beyond the standard of care. Viruses 2010; 2:826-866. [PMID: 21994657 PMCID: PMC3185663 DOI: 10.3390/v2040826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a major health burden, with an estimated 180 million chronically infected individuals worldwide. These patients are at increased risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Infection with HCV is the leading cause of liver transplantation in the Western world. Currently, the standard of care (SoC) consists of pegylated interferon alpha (pegIFN-α) and ribavirin (RBV). However this therapy has a limited efficacy and is associated with serious side effects. Therefore more tolerable, highly potent inhibitors of HCV replication are urgently needed. Both Specifically Targeted Antiviral Therapy for HCV (STAT-C) and inhibitors that are believed to interfere with the host-viral interaction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johan Neyts
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KULeuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; E-Mails: (L.D.); (L.C.)
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