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Guo K, Ma X, Li J, Zhang C, Wu L. Recent advances in combretastatin A-4 codrugs for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 241:114660. [PMID: 35964428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CA4 is a potent microtubule polymerization inhibitor and vascular disrupting agent. However, the in vivo efficiency of CA4 is limited owing to its poor pharmacokinetics resulting from its high lipophilicity and low water solubility. To improve the water solubility, CA4 phosphate (CA4P) has been developed and shows potent antivascular and antitumor effects. CA4P had been evaluated as a vascular disrupting agent in previousc linical trials. However, it had been discontinued due to the lack of a meaningful improvement in progression-free survival and unfavorable partial response data. Codrug is a drug design approach to chemically bind two or more drugs to improve therapeutic efficiency or decrease adverse effects. This review describes the progress made over the last twenty years in developing CA4-based codrugs to improve the therapeutic profile and achieve targeted delivery to cancer tissues. It also discusses the existing problems and the developmental prospects of CA4 codrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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2
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Chen H, Wang SH, Chen C, Yu XY, Zhu JN, Mansell T, Novakovic B, Saffery R, Baker PN, Han TL, Zhang H. A novel role of FoxO3a in the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells: from metabolic remodeling to transcriptional reprogramming. Mol Med 2022; 28:92. [PMID: 35941589 PMCID: PMC9358829 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00522-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The forkhead box O3a protein (FoxO3a) has been reported to be involved in the migration and invasion of trophoblast, but its underlying mechanisms unknown. In this study, we aim to explore the transcriptional and metabolic regulations of FoxO3a on the migration and invasion of early placental development.
Methods Lentiviral vectors were used to knock down the expression of FoxO3a of the HTR8/SVneo cells. Western blot, matrigel invasion assay, wound healing assay, seahorse, gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) based metabolomics, fluxomics, and RNA-seq transcriptomics were performed. Results We found that FoxO3a depletion restrained the migration and invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells. Metabolomics, fluxomics, and seahorse demonstrated that FoxO3a knockdown resulted in a switch from aerobic to anaerobic respiration and increased utilization of aromatic amino acids and long-chain fatty acids from extracellular nutrients. Furthermore, our RNA-seq also demonstrated that the expression of COX-2 and MMP9 decreased after FoxO3a knockdown, and these two genes were closely associated with the migration/invasion progress of trophoblast cells. Conclusions Our results suggested novel biological roles of FoxO3a in early placental development. FoxO3a exerts an essential effect on trophoblast migration and invasion owing to the regulations of COX2, MMP9, aromatic amino acids, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Han Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin-Yang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Nan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Toby Mansell
- Molecular Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Boris Novakovic
- Molecular Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Molecular Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philip N Baker
- Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. .,Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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3
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Chai J, Nie Y, Wang Z, Cheng L, Liu YG, Wu J. Metal Free Access to Polysubstituted Pyrimidines via Nitrile Activation and [2+2+2] Cycloaddition. Chemistry 2021; 27:17565-17569. [PMID: 34626013 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tf2 O mediated intermolecular / intramolecular [2+2+2] cycloaddition between alkynes and nitriles has been developed for efficient construction of polysubstituted pyrimidines and bicyclopyrimidines. In presence of Tf2 O, aza-allene species were generated in situ through nitrile activation and subsequently participated in the [2+2+2] cycloaddition, which was fully supported by deuteration experiments. The reaction had good substrate extensibility with moderate to excellent yield including trimethylsilylalkynes. The method was utilized as a synthetic tool in the preparation of a luminescent metal complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkui Chai
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yu Nie
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Li Cheng
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Guo Liu
- Division of Molecular Catalysis & Synthesis, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Junliang Wu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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4
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Li Q, Li K, Hu T, Liu F, Liao S, Zou Y. 6,7-Dihydroxy-2,4-Dimethoxyphenanthrene from Chinese Yam Peels Alleviates DSS-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Injury in Mice via Modulation of the NF-κB/COX-2 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4720-4731. [PMID: 33760601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the protective effect and molecular mechanism of a dominant phenanthrene, (6,7-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxyphenanthrene, CYP4), from Chinese yam peels on intestinal epithelial integrity. Three doses of Chinese yam phenolic extract (CYPE) and Chinese yam phenanthrene 4 (CYP4) were administered to BALB/c mice for 7 days before dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment, with berberine hydrochloride as a positive control (PC). Results showed that both disease activity indexes (DAIs), histological damage score (HDS) and survival rate in DSS mice, were improved with preintervention of CYPE and CYP4, which exhibited better efficiency than PC. Further studies showed that administration of CYP4 downregulated the oxidative stress-associated factors, MPO and NO, and improved tight junction protein occludin. Besides, the CYP4 treatment substantially downregulated the caspase-3 expression and the apoptosis rate of intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, the CYP4 treatment ameliorated the production of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-23 in the colon. Furthermore, the protein expression of ERK1/2, NF-κB p65, pNF-κB, and COX-2 was suppressed in CYE4 groups as compared with that in model control (MC). These findings suggested that CHP4 could effectively inhibit the activation of NF-κB/COX-2 in an experimental UC model in vivo. It was demonstrated for the first time that CYPE and CYP4 protected intestinal mucosa from damage and prevented DSS-induced colitis in mice. CYP4 was one of the active principles obligatory for the biological effect of Chinese yam in protecting intestinal health. These findings indicated that CYP4 might be a promising and useful approach for treatment of UC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Konghui Li
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Tenggen Hu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Sentai Liao
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yuxiao Zou
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
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5
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Roy R, Roseblade A, Rawling T. Expansion of the structure-activity relationship of branched chain fatty acids: Effect of unsaturation and branching group size on anticancer activity. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 232:104952. [PMID: 32814085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are a class of fatty acid with promising anticancer activity. The BCFA 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD) inhibits tumour growth in vivo without toxicity but efficacy is limited by moderate potency, a property shared by all known BCFAs. The mechanism of action of BCFAs has not been fully elucidated, and in the absence of a clearly defined target optimisation of BCFA potency must rely on structure-activity relationships. Our current understanding of the structural features that promote BCFA anticancer activity is limited by the low structural diversity of reported BCFAs.The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two new structural modifications- unsaturation and branching group size- on BCFA activity. Thus, homologous series of saturated and cis-Δ11 unsaturated BCFAs were synthesised bearing methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl branching groups, and were screened in vitro for activity against three human cancer cell lines. Potencies of the new BCFAs were compared to 13-MTD and an unbranched monounstaurated fatty acid (MUFA) bearing a cis-Δ11 double bond. The principal findings to emerge were that the anticancer activity of BCFAs was adversly affected by larger branching groups but significantly improved by incorporation of a cis-Δ11 double bond into the BCFA alkyl chain. This study provides new structure-activity relationship insights that may be used to develop BCFAs with improved potency and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritik Roy
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ariane Roseblade
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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6
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Chen Y, Qiu X, Yang J. Comparing the In Vitro Antitumor, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities between Two New Very Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Docosadienoic Acid (DDA) and Docosatrienoic Acid (DTA), and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA). Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1697-1707. [PMID: 32781843 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1804949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLCPUFAs) are widely used as nutraceutical supplements for human health. Recently, a high level of two new VLCPUFAs, docosadienoic acid (DDA, 22:2n-6) and docosatrienoic acid (DTA, 22:3n-3), was produced in oilseed crop Brassica carinata using a biotechnology approach. This study investigated the functional properties of these two VLCPUFAs in human cells. Compared to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the golden standard in evaluating the health-promoting activities of VLCPUFAs, both DDA and DTA exhibited comparable or even better antitumor and antioxidant effects against human breast cancer SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Especially, DTA elicited much stronger antioxidant and pro-apoptotic effects than DHA. Furthermore, DDA and DTA showed strong anti-inflammatory effects in human macrophages differentiated from monocyte THP-1 cells through lowering the protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon γ (IFN-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Future In Vivo and In Vivo studies are warranted to identify the mechanism of action (MOA) for the antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of DDA and DTA and explore potential applications of these two VLCPUFAs as novel nutraceutical supplements in preventing inflammatory conditions, aging and even cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Xiao Qiu
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jian Yang
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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7
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Murray M, Roseblade A, Chen Y, Bourget K, Rawling T. Carbon Chain Length Modulates MDA‐MB‐231 Breast Cancer Cell Killing Mechanisms by Mitochondrially Targeted Aryl−Urea Fatty Acids. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:247-255. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Murray
- Discipline of Pharmacology School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Sydney Camperdown, New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Ariane Roseblade
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology Sydney Ultimo, New South Wales 2007 Australia
| | - Yongjuan Chen
- Discipline of Pharmacology School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Sydney Camperdown, New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Kirsi Bourget
- Discipline of Pharmacology School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Sydney Camperdown, New South Wales 2006 Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology Sydney Ultimo, New South Wales 2007 Australia
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8
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Nanoemulsion-Enabled Oral Delivery of Novel Anticancer ω-3 Fatty Acid Derivatives. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8100825. [PMID: 30322115 PMCID: PMC6215190 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-based drugs are emerging as an interesting class of novel anticancer drugs with the potential to target specific cancer cell metabolic pathways linked to their proliferation and invasiveness. In particular, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derivatives such as epoxides and their bioisosteres have demonstrated the potential to suppress growth and promote apoptosis in triple-negative human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. In this study, 16-(4′-chloro-3′-trifluorophenyl)carbamoylamino]hexadecanoic acid (ClFPh-CHA), an anticancer lipid derived from ω-3,17,18-epoxyeicosanoic acid, was formulated as a stable nanoemulsion with size around 150 nm and narrow droplet size distribution (PDI < 0.200) through phase-inversion emulsification process followed by high pressure homogenization in view of an oral administration. The ClFPh-CHA-loaded nanoemulsions were able to significantly decrease the relative tumor volume in mice bearing an intramammary tumor xenograft at all doses tested (2.5, 10 and 40 mg/kg) after 32 days of daily oral administration. Furthermore, absolute tumor weight was decreased to 50% of untreated control at 10 and 40 mg/kg, while intraperitoneal administration could achieve a significant reduction only at the highest dose of 40 mg/kg. Results suggest that oral administration of ClFPh-CHA formulated as a nanoemulsion has a sufficient bioavailability to provide an anticancer effect in mice and that the activity is at least equal if not superior to that obtained by a conventional parenteral administration of equivalent doses of the same drug.
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9
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Pazderka CW, Oliver B, Murray M, Rawling T. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Derived Lipid Mediators and their Application in Drug Discovery. Curr Med Chem 2018; 27:1670-1689. [PMID: 30259807 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180927100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play crucial and often opposing regulatory roles in health and in pathological conditions. n-3 and n-6 PUFA undergo biotransformation to parallel series of lipid mediators that are potent modulators of many cellular processes. A wide range of biological actions have been attributed to lipid mediators derived from n-6 PUFA, and these mediators have served as lead compounds in the development of numerous clinically approved drugs, including latanoprost (Xalatan: Pfizer), which is listed on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. n-3 PUFA-derived mediators have received less attention, in part because early studies suggested that n-3 PUFA act simply as competitive substrates for biotransformation enzymes and decrease the formation of n-6 PUFA-derived lipid mediators. However, more recent studies suggest that n-3 PUFA-derived mediators are biologically important in their own right. It is now emerging that many n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators have potent and diverse activities that are distinct from their n-6 counterparts. These findings provide new opportunities for drug discovery. Herein, we review the biosynthesis of n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators and highlight their biological actions that may be exploited for drug development. Lastly, we provide examples of medicinal chemistry research that has utilized n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediators as novel lead compounds in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis W Pazderka
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Brian Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Michael Murray
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
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10
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Mouselmani R, Hachem A, Alaaeddine A, Métay E, Lemaire M. Reduction of aromatic nitriles into aldehydes using calcium hypophosphite and a nickel precursor. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6600-6605. [PMID: 30175348 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01751d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the reduction of aromatic nitriles into aldehydes with calcium hypophosphite in the presence of base and nickel(ii) complex in a water/ethanol mixture. This catalytic system reduced efficiently a series of aromatic nitriles bearing different functional groups such as -Cl, -CF3, -Br, -CH3, -OCH3, -COOCH2CH3, -OH and -CHO. The corresponding aldehydes were isolated in moderate to excellent yields (30-94%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Mouselmani
- Laboratoire de Catalyse, Synthèse et Environnement, Institute de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaire (ICBMS), CNRS, UMR 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Campus de la Doua, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, bâtiment Curien-CPE, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
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11
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Mostyn SN, Carland JE, Shimmon S, Ryan RM, Rawling T, Vandenberg RJ. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Acyl-Glycine Inhibitors of GlyT2. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1949-1959. [PMID: 28574249 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated previously that the endogenous compound N-arachidonyl-glycine inhibits the glycine transporter GlyT2, stimulates glycinergic neurotransmission, and provides analgesia in animal models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. However, it is a relatively weak inhibitor with an IC50 of 9 μM and is subject to oxidation via cyclooxygenase, limiting its therapeutic value. In this paper we describe the synthesis and testing of a novel series of monounsaturated C18 and C16 acyl-glycine molecules as inhibitors of the glycine transporter GlyT2. We demonstrate that they are up to 28 fold more potent that N-arachidonyl-glycine with no activity at the closely related GlyT1 transporter at concentrations up to 30 μM. This novel class of compounds show considerable promise as a first generation of GlyT2 transport inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N. Mostyn
- Discipline
of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jane E. Carland
- Discipline
of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Susan Shimmon
- School
of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Renae M. Ryan
- Discipline
of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School
of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Robert J. Vandenberg
- Discipline
of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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12
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Jena RK, Rajesh Y, Mandal M, Bhattacharjee M. [( para-Cymene)Ru(dppp)Cl][PF 6]-Catalysed Stereospecific Synthesis of O-Dienyl Esters, and Evaluation of the Anticancer Activity of a Long-Chain Fatty Acid O-Dienyl Ester. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Jena
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Y. Rajesh
- School of Medical Science & Technology; Indian Institute of Technology; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science & Technology; Indian Institute of Technology; 721302 Kharagpur India
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13
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Allison SE, Chen Y, Petrovic N, Zimmermann S, Moosmann B, Jansch M, Cui PH, Dunstan CR, Mackenzie PI, Murray M. Activation of the pro-migratory bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B gene in human MDA-MB-468 triple-negative breast cancer cells that over-express CYP2J2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 80:173-178. [PMID: 27720933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metastases are the leading cause of mortality in patients with breast cancer. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2J2 (CYP2J2) is upregulated in many human tumors and generates epoxyeicosanoids from arachidonic acid that promote tumorigenesis and metastasis, but at present there is little information on the genes that mediate these actions. In this study MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells were stably transfected with CYP2J2 (MDA-2J2 cells) and Affymetrix microarray profiling was undertaken. We identified 182 genes that were differentially expressed in MDA-2J2 cells relative to control (MDA-CTL) cells (log[fold of control] ≥2). From gene ontology pathway analysis bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor 1B (BMPR1B) emerged as an important upregulated gene in MDA-2J2 cells. Addition of the BMPR1B ligand BMP2 stimulated the migration of MDA-2J2 cells, but not MDA-CTL cells, from 3D-matrigel droplets. Migration of MDA-2J2 cells was prevented by the BMPR antagonist dorsomorphin. These findings indicate that over-expression of CYP2J2 in MDA-MB-468-derived breast cancer cells activates BMPR1B expression that may contribute to increased migration. Targeting BMPR1B may be a novel approach to inhibit the metastatic activity of breast cancers that contain high levels of CYP2J2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Allison
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yongjuan Chen
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nenad Petrovic
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Stefanie Zimmermann
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Bjoern Moosmann
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mirko Jansch
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Pei H Cui
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Colin R Dunstan
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Peter I Mackenzie
- Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Michael Murray
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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14
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Chen CH, Fabian C, Hursting S, deGraffenried LA. Breast Cancer Genetic and Molecular Subtype Impacts Response to Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1021-33. [PMID: 27367296 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1192199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have correlated frequent omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid consumption with a lower risk for breast cancer; however, recent prospective studies have been less conclusive. Efforts in the preventive setting have focused on the use of n-3 fatty acids, and the pharmaceutical ethyl esters (EE) of these natural compounds, for high-risk patient populations. Limited understanding of specific mechanisms by which these agents function has hampered identification of the cancer subtype(s) that would gain the greatest therapeutic benefit. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effects of n-3 EEs in four distinct breast cancer subtypes and explored how they affect not only breast cancer cell survival but also modulate the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signaling pathways. Similar to the high variance in response observed in human studies, we found that the effectiveness of n-3 EEs depends on the molecular characteristics of the MCF-7, CAMA-1, MDA-MB-231, and SKBR3 breast cancer cell lines and is closely associated with the suppression of NF-κB. These data strongly suggest that the use of n-3 fatty acids and their pharmaceutical ether esters in the prevention and therapeutic setting should be guided by specific tumor characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Hui Chen
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Texas , USA
| | - Carol Fabian
- b Department of Internal Medicine , University of Kansas Medical Center , Kansas City , Kansas , USA
| | - Stephen Hursting
- c Department of Nutrition , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina , USA
| | - Linda A deGraffenried
- a Department of Nutritional Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Texas , USA
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15
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Lu XY, Wang ZC, Ren SZ, Shen FQ, Man RJ, Zhu HL. Coumarin sulfonamides derivatives as potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors with efficacy in suppressing cancer proliferation and metastasis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3491-8. [PMID: 27349331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 is frequently overexpression in malignant tumors and the product PGE2 promotes cancer cell progression and metastasis. We designed novel series of coumarin sulfonamides derivatives to improve biological activities of COX-2 inhibition and anticancer. Among them, compound 7t showed most powerful selective inhibitory and antiproliferative activity (IC50=0.09μM for COX-2, IC50=48.20μM for COX-1, IC50=0.36μM against HeLa cells), comparable to the control positive compound Celecoxib (0.31μM, 43.37μM, 7.79μM). Cancer cell apoptosis assay were performed and results indicated that compound 7t effectively fuels HeLa cells apoptosis in a dose and time-dependent manner. Moreover, 7t could significantly suppress cancer cell adhesion, migration and invasion which were essential process of cancer metastasis. Docking simulations results was further indicated that compound 7t could bind well to the COX-2 active site and guided a reasonable design of selective COX-2 inhibitor with anticancer activities in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen-Zhen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa-Qian Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Jun Man
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Allison SE, Petrovic N, Mackenzie PI, Murray M. Pro-migratory actions of the prostacyclin receptor in human breast cancer cells that over-express cyclooxygenase-2. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 96:306-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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Romano B, Plano D, Encío I, Palop JA, Sanmartín C. In vitro radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities of novel hybrid selenocarbamates. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1716-27. [PMID: 25792142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel selenocyanate and diselenide derivatives containing a carbamate moiety were synthesised and evaluated in vitro to determine their cytotoxic and radical scavenging properties. Cytotoxic activity was tested against a panel of human cell lines including CCRF-CEM (lymphoblastic leukaemia), HT-29 (colon carcinoma), HTB-54 (lung carcinoma), PC-3 (prostate carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), 184B5 (non-malignant, mammary gland derived) and BEAS-2B (non-malignant, derived from bronchial epithelium). Most of the compounds displayed high antiproliferative activity with GI50 values below 10μM in MCF-7, CCRF-CEM and PC-3 cells. Radical scavenging properties of the new selenocompounds were confirmed testing their ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals. Based on the activity of selenium-based glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), compounds 1a, 2e and 2h were further screened for their capacity to reduce hydrogen peroxide under thiol presence. Results suggest that compound 1a mimics GPxs activity. Cytotoxic parameters, radical scavenging activity and ADME profile point to 1a as promising drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Romano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Palop
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IDISNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
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18
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Murray M, Hraiki A, Bebawy M, Pazderka C, Rawling T. Anti-tumor activities of lipids and lipid analogues and their development as potential anticancer drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 150:109-28. [PMID: 25603423 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipids have the potential for development as anticancer agents. Endogenous membrane lipids, such as ceramides and certain saturated fatty acids, have been found to modulate the viability of tumor cells. In addition, many tumors over-express cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase or cytochrome P450 enzymes that mediate the biotransformation of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to potent eicosanoid regulators of tumor cell proliferation and cell death. In contrast, several analogous products from the biotransformation of ω-3 PUFAs impair particular tumorigenic pathways. For example, the ω-3 17,18-epoxide of eicosapentaenoic acid activates anti-proliferative and proapoptotic signaling cascades in tumor cells and the lipoxygenase-derived resolvins are effective inhibitors of inflammatory pathways that may drive tumor expansion. However, the development of potential anti-cancer drugs based on these molecules is complex, with in vivo stability a major issue. Nevertheless, recent successes with the antitumor alkyl phospholipids, which are synthetic analogues of naturally-occurring membrane phospholipid esters, have provided the impetus for development of further molecules. The alkyl phospholipids have been tested against a range of cancers and show considerable activity against skin cancers and certain leukemias. Very recently, it has been shown that combination strategies, in which alkyl phospholipids are used in conjunction with established anticancer agents, are promising new therapeutic approaches. In future, the evaluation of new lipid-based molecules in single-agent and combination treatments may also be assessed. This could provide a range of important treatment options in the management of advanced and metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Murray
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Adam Hraiki
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Curtis Pazderka
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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19
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Guyon C, Métay E, Popowycz F, Lemaire M. Synthetic applications of hypophosphite derivatives in reduction. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7879-906. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to collect the applications in fine synthesis of hypophosphite derivatives as reducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Guyon
- Equipe Catalyse Synthèse Environnement
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- UMR-CNRS 5246
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1
| | - Estelle Métay
- Equipe Catalyse Synthèse Environnement
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- UMR-CNRS 5246
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1
| | - Florence Popowycz
- Equipe Chimie Organique et Bioorganique
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- UMR-CNRS 5246
- Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA Lyon)
- F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex
| | - Marc Lemaire
- Equipe Catalyse Synthèse Environnement
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- UMR-CNRS 5246
- Université de Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1
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20
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Murray M, Dyari HRE, Allison SE, Rawling T. Lipid analogues as potential drugs for the regulation of mitochondrial cell death. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2051-66. [PMID: 24111728 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrion plays an important role in the production of energy as ATP, the regulation of cell viability and apoptosis, and the biosynthesis of major structural and regulatory molecules, such as lipids. During ATP production, reactive oxygen species are generated that alter the intracellular redox state and activate apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a well-recognized component of the pathogenesis of diseases such as cancer. Understanding mitochondrial function, and how this is dysregulated in disease, offers the opportunity for the development of drug molecules to specifically target such defects. Altered energy metabolism in cancer, in which ATP production occurs largely by glycolysis, rather than by oxidative phosphorylation, is attributable in part to the up-regulation of cell survival signalling cascades. These pathways also regulate the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic factors that may determine the rate of cell death and proliferation. A number of anti-cancer drugs have been developed that target these factors and one of the most promising groups of agents in this regard are the lipid-based molecules that act directly or indirectly at the mitochondrion. These molecules have emerged in part from an understanding of the mitochondrial actions of naturally occurring fatty acids. Some of these agents have already entered clinical trials because they specifically target known mitochondrial defects in the cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Murray
- Pharmacogenomics and Drug Development Group, Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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21
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Duan XY, Pan Q, Yan SY, Ding WJ, Fan JG, Qiao L. High-saturate-fat diet delays initiation of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:195. [PMID: 25410681 PMCID: PMC4240894 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-014-0195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the association between a high-fat diet (HFD) and HCC is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated whether a high-saturate-fat diet affects hepatocarcinogenesis induced by administration of diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Methods Adult SD rats were randomized into the following groups: normal chow diet (NCD), HFD, NCD + DEN, and HFD + DEN. The HFD contains 2% cholesterol and 10% lard oil. In mice with DEN treatment, the carcinogen was given via gavage. Mice were sacrificed at the end of 10, 12, and 14 weeks, respectively. The effects of HFD on hepatic carcinogenesis were assessed by HCC incidence, tumor differentiation, and the number and size of tumor nodules. Western blot and immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for caspase-3, and real-time PCR for TNF-α and IL-6 further uncovered the proliferative and apoptotic properties of liver. Results In contrast to the NCD group, DEN treatment (NCD + DEN group) led to hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatic tumor, and decreased body weight. Interestingly, HFD, which induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis, attenuated DEN-related malnutrition and fibrosis progression in HFD + DEN group during 10–14 weeks. Moreover, the HFD + DEN group exhibited that the proportion of well differentiated HCC was much higher than that of NCD + DEN group. The number and average volume of HCC node were also significantly lowered in HFD + DEN group (P < 0.01-0.05). When compared to that of NCD + DEN group, there was an inhibited expression of PCNA, TNF-α, and IL-6, and activation of caspase-3 in the liver of HFD + DEN group at week 10 and 12. Conclusions HFD restores malnutrition in the DEN-treated rats, which in turn inhibits the initiation of hepatic carcinogenesis and malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Digestion and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China.
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22
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Dyari HRE, Rawling T, Bourget K, Murray M. Synthetic ω-3 epoxyfatty acids as antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic agents in human breast cancer cells. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7459-64. [PMID: 25144895 DOI: 10.1021/jm501083y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ω-3-17,18-Epoxyeicosapentaenoic acid decreases cell proliferation and activates apoptosis, whereas its regioisomers stimulate growth. We evaluated synthetic ω-3 epoxides of saturated fatty acids as antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic agents in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The epoxides, but not their urea, amide, or carbamate isosteres, impaired ATP production, enhanced caspase-3 activity, and activated c-jun-N-terminal-kinase signaling, leading to cyclin D1 down-regulation and cell cycle arrest in G1-phase. Fatty acid ω-3 monoepoxides may represent a novel class of antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herryawan Ryadi Eziwar Dyari
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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23
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Chen J, Brown DP, Wang YJ, Chen ZS. New phenstatin–fatty acid conjugates: Synthesis and evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5119-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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