1
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Kellogg CN, Pugh BA, Starr IM, Parmar DJ, Troxler AD, Wolfe AL. Bisbenzamidine and Bisbenzguanidine Ureas Act as Antibacterial Agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300496. [PMID: 37806962 PMCID: PMC10841437 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Due to the global rise in the number of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections over the past 20 years, there is a dire need for the development of small molecule antibiotics capable of overcoming resistance mechanisms in pathogenic bacteria. Antibiotic development against Gram-negative pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is especially challenging due to their additional outer membrane which reduces antibiotic entry. Recently, it has been shown that a broad range of nitrogen functionality, including guanidines, amidines, primary amines, imidazolines, and imidazoles, promote antibiotic and adjuvant activity in Gram-negative bacteria, but few of these have been targeted towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa specifically despite this pathogen being deemed a critical threat by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Herein, we examined a small series of known and unknown nitrogenous dimers, with guanidine, amidine, dimethyl amine, and pyridine functionality, for antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We found that two, with bisbenzguanidine and bisbenzamidine functionality, are potent against clinical isolates of multidrug resistant and biofilm forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey N. Kellogg
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, One University Heights, Asheville NC 28804 (USA)
| | - Bryce A. Pugh
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, One University Heights, Asheville NC 28804 (USA)
| | - Isaak M. Starr
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, One University Heights, Asheville NC 28804 (USA)
| | - Dhruvi J. Parmar
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, One University Heights, Asheville NC 28804 (USA)
| | - A’Zane D. Troxler
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, One University Heights, Asheville NC 28804 (USA)
| | - Amanda L. Wolfe
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Asheville, One University Heights, Asheville NC 28804 (USA)
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2
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Nué-Martinez JJ, Cisneros D, Moreno-Blázquez MD, Fonseca-Berzal C, Manzano JI, Kraeutler D, Ungogo MA, Aloraini MA, Elati HAA, Ibáñez-Escribano A, Lagartera L, Herraiz T, Gamarro F, de Koning HP, Gómez-Barrio A, Dardonville C. Synthesis and Biophysical and Biological Studies of N-Phenylbenzamide Derivatives Targeting Kinetoplastid Parasites. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13452-13480. [PMID: 37729094 PMCID: PMC10578353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The AT-rich mitochondrial DNA (kDNA) of trypanosomatid parasites is a target of DNA minor groove binders. We report the synthesis, antiprotozoal screening, and SAR studies of three series of analogues of the known antiprotozoal kDNA binder 2-((4-(4-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-yl)amino)benzamido)phenyl)amino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium (1a). Bis(2-aminoimidazolines) (1) and bis(2-aminobenzimidazoles) (2) showed micromolar range activity against Trypanosoma brucei, whereas bisarylimidamides (3) were submicromolar inhibitors of T. brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania donovani. None of the compounds showed relevant activity against the urogenital, nonkinetoplastid parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. We show that series 1 and 3 bind strongly and selectively to the minor groove of AT DNA, whereas series 2 also binds by intercalation. The measured pKa indicated different ionization states at pH 7.4, which correlated with the DNA binding affinities (ΔTm) for series 2 and 3. Compound 3a, which was active and selective against the three parasites and displayed adequate metabolic stability, is a fine candidate for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jonathan Nué-Martinez
- Instituto
de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
- PhD
Programme in Medicinal Chemistry, Doctoral School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Cisneros
- Instituto
de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
- PhD
Programme in Medicinal Chemistry, Doctoral School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Fonseca-Berzal
- Departamento
de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Manzano
- Instituto
de Parasitología y Biomedicina “Löpez Neyra”,
IPBLN-CSIC, Parque Tecnolögico
de Ciencias de la Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Damien Kraeutler
- Instituto
de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marzuq A. Ungogo
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Maha A. Aloraini
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Hamza A. A. Elati
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano
- Departamento
de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Lagartera
- Instituto
de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Herraiz
- Instituto
de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, ICTAN−CSIC, José Antonio Novais 10, Ciudad
Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Gamarro
- Instituto
de Parasitología y Biomedicina “Löpez Neyra”,
IPBLN-CSIC, Parque Tecnolögico
de Ciencias de la Salud, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Harry P. de Koning
- Institute
of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary
and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Alicia Gómez-Barrio
- Departamento
de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Gomes AR, Varela CL, Pires AS, Tavares-da-Silva EJ, Roleira FMF. Synthetic and natural guanidine derivatives as antitumor and antimicrobial agents: A review. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106600. [PMID: 37209561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Guanidines are fascinating small nitrogen-rich organic compounds, which have been frequently associated with a wide range of biological activities. This is mainly due to their interesting chemical features. For these reasons, for the past decades, researchers have been synthesizing and evaluating guanidine derivatives. In fact, there are currently on the market several guanidine-bearing drugs. Given the broad panoply of pharmacological activities displayed by guanidine compounds, in this review, we chose to focus on antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities presented by several natural and synthetic guanidine derivatives, which are undergoing preclinical and clinical studies from January 2010 to January 2023. Moreover, we also present guanidine-containing drugs currently in the market for the treatment of cancer and several infectious diseases. In the preclinical and clinical setting, most of the synthesized and natural guanidine derivatives are being evaluated as antitumor and antibacterial agents. Even though DNA is the most known target of this type of compounds, their cytotoxicity also involves several other different mechanisms, such as interference with bacterial cell membranes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, mediated-Rac1 inhibition, among others. As for the compounds already used as pharmacological drugs, their main application is in the treatment of different types of cancer, such as breast, lung, prostate, and leukemia. Guanidine-containing drugs are also being used for the treatment of bacterial, antiprotozoal, antiviral infections and, recently, have been proposed for the treatment of COVID-19. To conclude, the guanidine group is a privileged scaffold in drug design. Its remarkable cytotoxic activities, especially in the field of oncology, still make it suitable for a deeper investigation to afford more efficient and target-specific drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Gomes
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla L Varela
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana S Pires
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisiário J Tavares-da-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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4
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Ogbonna E, Paul A, Farahat AA, Terrell JR, Mineva E, Ogbonna V, Boykin DW, Wilson WD. X-ray Structure Characterization of the Selective Recognition of AT Base Pair Sequences. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2023; 3:335-348. [PMID: 37599788 PMCID: PMC10436263 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of small molecules that target specific DNA sequences is a promising strategy to modulate gene expression. This report focuses on a diamidinobenzimidazole compound, whose selective binding to the minor groove of AT DNA sequences holds broad significance in the molecular recognition of AT-rich human promoter sequences. The objective of this study is to provide a more detailed and systematized understanding, at an atomic level, of the molecular recognition mechanism of different AT-specific sequences by a rationally designed minor groove binder. The specialized method of X-ray crystallography was utilized to investigate how the sequence-dependent recognition properties in general, A-tract, and alternating AT sequences affect the binding of diamidinobenzimidazole in the DNA minor groove. While general and A-tract AT sequences give a narrower minor groove, the alternating AT sequences intrinsically have a wider minor groove which typically constricts upon binding. A strong and direct hydrogen bond between the N-H of the benzimidazole and an H-bond acceptor atom in the minor groove is essential for DNA recognition in all sequences described. In addition, the diamidine compound specifically utilizes an interfacial water molecule for its DNA binding. DNA complexes of AATT and AAAAAA recognition sites show that the diamidine compound can bind in two possible orientations with a preference for water-assisted hydrogen bonding at either cationic end. The complex structures of AAATTT, ATAT, ATATAT, and AAAA are bound in a singular orientation. Analysis of the helical parameters shows a minor groove expansion of about 1 Å across all the nonalternating DNA complexes. The results from this systematic approach will convey a greater understanding of the specific recognition of a diverse array of AT-rich sequences by small molecules and more insight into the design of small molecules with enhanced specificity to AT and mixed DNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin
N. Ogbonna
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
| | - Ananya Paul
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
| | - Abdelbasset A. Farahat
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Master
of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, California
North State University, 9700 W Taron Dr., Elk Grove, California 95757, United States
| | - J. Ross Terrell
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
| | - Ekaterina Mineva
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
| | - Victor Ogbonna
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
| | - David W Boykin
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
| | - W. David Wilson
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, United States
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5
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Minneci M, Misevicius M, Rozas I. Green Synthesis of Nitroaryl Thioureas: Towards an Improved Preparation of Guanidinium DNA Binders. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 90:129346. [PMID: 37217024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a general efficient green method for the preparation of nitro N,N'-diaryl thioureas via a one-pot method using cyrene as a solvent with almost quantitative yields. This confirmed the viability of cyrene as a green alternative to THF in the synthesis of thiourea derivatives. After screening different reducing conditions, the nitro N,N'-diaryl thioureas were selectively reduced using Zn dust in the presence of water and acid to the corresponding amino N,N'-diaryl thioureas. These were then used to test the installation of the Boc-protected guanidine group with N,N'-bis-Boc protected pyrazole-1-carboxamidine as a guanidylating reagent not requiring mercury(II) activation. Finally, the TFA salts obtained after Boc-deprotection of two sample compounds were tested for their affinity towards DNA showing no binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Minneci
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Matas Misevicius
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Isabel Rozas
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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6
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Screening the Pathogen Box to Discover and Characterize New Cruzain and TbrCatL Inhibitors. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020251. [PMID: 36839523 PMCID: PMC9967275 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei, respectively, pose relevant health challenges throughout the world, placing 65 to 70 million people at risk each. Given the limited efficacy and severe side effects associated with current chemotherapy, new drugs are urgently needed for both diseases. Here, we report the screening of the Pathogen Box collection against cruzain and TbrCatL, validated targets for Chagas disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis, respectively. Enzymatic assays were applied to screen 400 compounds, validate hits, determine IC50 values and, when possible, mechanisms of inhibition. In this case, 12 initial hits were obtained and ten were prioritized for follow-up. IC50 values were obtained for six of them (hit rate = 1.5%) and ranged from 0.46 ± 0.03 to 27 ± 3 µM. MMV687246 was found to be a mixed inhibitor of cruzain (Ki = 57 ± 6 µM) while MMV688179 was found to be a competitive inhibitor of cruzain with a nanomolar potency (Ki = 165 ± 63 nM). A putative binding mode for MMV688179 was obtained by docking. The six hits discovered against cruzain and TbrCatL are of great interest for further optimization by the medicinal chemistry community.
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7
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Guo YY, Tian ZH, Wang L, Lai ZD, Li L, Li YQ. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Phenol Diarylamine Using Non-Heme Diiron N-Oxygenase. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yang Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Ze-Hua Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Luying Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Zheng-De Lai
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Quan Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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8
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Cisneros D, Cueto-Díaz EJ, Medina-Gil T, Chevillard R, Bernal-Fraile T, López-Sastre R, Aldfer MM, Ungogo MA, Elati HAA, Arai N, Otani M, Matsushiro S, Kojima C, Ebiloma GU, Shiba T, de Koning HP, Dardonville C. Imidazoline- and Benzamidine-Based Trypanosome Alternative Oxidase Inhibitors: Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:312-318. [PMID: 35178188 PMCID: PMC8842630 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
The trypanosome alternative
oxidase (TAO), a mitochondrial enzyme
involved in the respiration of the bloodstream form trypomastigotes
of Trypanosoma brucei, is a validated
drug target against African trypanosomes. Earlier series of TAO inhibitors
having a 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid scaffold (“head”)
and a triphenylphosphonium or quinolin-1-ium cation as a mitochondrion-targeting
group (“tail”) were shown to be nanomolar inhibitors
in enzymatic and cellular assays. We investigated here the effect
of different mitochondrion-targeting cations and other scaffold modifications
on the in vitro activity of this class of inhibitors. Low micromolar
range activities were obtained, and the structure–activity
relationship studies showed that modulation of the tail region with
polar substituents is generally detrimental to the enzymatic and cellular
activity of TAO inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cisneros
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Tania Medina-Gil
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebecca Chevillard
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Bernal-Fraile
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón López-Sastre
- Instituto de Química Médica, IQM−CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mustafa M. Aldfer
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Marzuq A. Ungogo
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Hamza A. A. Elati
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Natsumi Arai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Momoka Otani
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shun Matsushiro
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kojima
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Godwin U. Ebiloma
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoo Shiba
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Harry P. de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
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9
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Selvam P, De S, Paira P, Kumar SKA, Kumar R S, Moorthy A, Ghosh A, Kuo YC, Banerjee S, Jenifer SK. In vitro studies on the selective cytotoxic effect of luminescent Ru( ii)- p-cymene complexes of imidazo-pyridine and imidazo quinoline ligands. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17263-17276. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02237k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, Ru(ii) complexes have gained high importance in medicinal chemistry due to their significant anti-cancer activities, which are directly related to their DNA binding ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravinkumar Selvam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sourav De
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan 62102, Republic of China
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. K. Ashok Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selva Kumar R
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Chennai – 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbalagan Moorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arjita Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioscience & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yung-Chih Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan 62102, Republic of China
| | - Subhasis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences. Asansol-713301, West Bengal, India
| | - Shantha Kumar Jenifer
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai – 600 036, India
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10
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Zuo S, Zhang F, Liu J, Zuo A. Synthesis of bis(2-imino-1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline)s via reactions of a solvothermally prepared benzimidazolium chloride and diamines. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Moreno-Herrera A, Cortez-Maya S, Bocanegra-Garcia V, Banik BK, Rivera G. Recent Advances in the Development of Broad-Spectrum Antiprotozoal Agents. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:583-606. [PMID: 32124688 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200303170000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Plasmodium spp., and Trichomonas vaginalis, are part of a large list of human parasitic diseases. Together, they cause more than 500 million infections per year. These protozoa parasites affect both low- and high-income countries and their pharmacological treatments are limited. Therefore, new and more effective drugs in preclinical development could improve overall therapy for parasitic infections even when their mechanisms of action are unknown. In this review, a number of heterocyclic compounds (diamidine, guanidine, quinoline, benzimidazole, thiazole, diazanaphthalene, and their derivatives) reported as antiprotozoal agents are discussed as options for developing new pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Moreno-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Sandra Cortez-Maya
- Instituto de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cd. Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacan, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Virgilio Bocanegra-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Deanship of Research, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
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12
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Whole-Cell Phenotypic Screening of Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box Identifies Specific Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Late-Stage Development and Egress. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:AAC.01802-19. [PMID: 32071059 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01802-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a systematic, cellular phenotype-based antimalarial screening of the Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box collection, which facilitated the identification of specific blockers of late-stage intraerythrocytic development of Plasmodium falciparum First, from standard growth inhibition assays, we identified 173 molecules with antimalarial activity (50% effective concentration [EC50] ≤ 10 μM), which included 62 additional molecules over previously known antimalarial candidates from the Pathogen Box. We identified 90 molecules with EC50 of ≤1 μM, which had significant effect on the ring-trophozoite transition, while 9 molecules inhibited the trophozoite-schizont transition and 21 molecules inhibited the schizont-ring transition (with ≥50% parasites failing to proceed to the next stage) at 1 μM. We therefore rescreened all 173 molecules and validated hits in microscopy to prioritize 12 hits as selective blockers of the schizont-ring transition. Seven of these molecules inhibited the calcium ionophore-induced egress of Toxoplasma gondii, a related apicomplexan parasite, suggesting that the inhibitors may be acting via a conserved mechanism which could be further exploited for target identification studies. We demonstrate that two molecules, MMV020670 and MMV026356, identified as schizont inhibitors in our screens, induce the fragmentation of DNA in merozoites, thereby impairing their ability to egress and invade. Further mechanistic studies would facilitate the therapeutic exploitation of these molecules as broadly active inhibitors targeting late-stage development and egress of apicomplexan parasites relevant to human health.
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13
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Dans MG, Weiss GE, Wilson DW, Sleebs BE, Crabb BS, de Koning-Ward TF, Gilson PR. Screening the Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box for invasion and egress inhibitors of the blood stage of Plasmodium falciparum reveals several inhibitory compounds. Int J Parasitol 2020; 50:235-252. [PMID: 32135179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
With emerging resistance to frontline treatments, it is vital that new drugs are identified to target Plasmodium falciparum. One of the most critical processes during parasites asexual lifecycle is the invasion and subsequent egress of red blood cells (RBCs). Many unique parasite ligands, receptors and enzymes are employed during egress and invasion that are essential for parasite proliferation and survival, therefore making these processes druggable targets. To identify potential inhibitors of egress and invasion, we screened the Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box, a 400 compound library against neglected tropical diseases, including 125 with antimalarial activity. For this screen, we utilised transgenic parasites expressing a bioluminescent reporter, nanoluciferase (Nluc), to measure inhibition of parasite egress and invasion in the presence of the Pathogen Box compounds. At a concentration of 2 µM, we found 15 compounds that inhibited parasite egress by >40% and 24 invasion-specific compounds that inhibited invasion by >90%. We further characterised 11 of these inhibitors through cell-based assays and live cell microscopy, and found two compounds that inhibited merozoite maturation in schizonts, one compound that inhibited merozoite egress, one compound that directly inhibited parasite invasion and one compound that slowed down invasion and arrested ring formation. The remaining compounds were general growth inhibitors that acted during the egress and invasion phase of the cell cycle. We found the sulfonylpiperazine, MMV020291, to be the most invasion-specific inhibitor, blocking successful merozoite internalisation within human RBCs and having no substantial effect on other stages of the cell cycle. This has significant implications for the possible development of an invasion-specific inhibitor as an antimalarial in a combination based therapy, in addition to being a useful tool for studying the biology of the invading parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline G Dans
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Greta E Weiss
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Danny W Wilson
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Brad E Sleebs
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brendan S Crabb
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Paul R Gilson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
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14
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Kretschmer R. Ligands with Two Monoanionic N,N-Binding Sites: Synthesis and Coordination Chemistry. Chemistry 2020; 26:2099-2119. [PMID: 31755598 PMCID: PMC7064907 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Polytopic ligands have become ubiquitous in coordination chemistry because they grant access to a variety of mono- and polynuclear complexes of transition metals as well as rare-earth and main-group elements. Nitrogen-based ditopic ligands, in which two monoanionic N,N-binding sites are framed within one molecule, are of particular importance and are therefore the primary focus of this review. In detail, bis(amidine)s, bis(guanidine)s, bis(β-diimine)s, bis(aminotroponimine)s, bis(pyrrolimine)s, and miscellaneous bis(N,N-chelating) ligands are reviewed. In addition to the general synthetic protocols, the application of these ligands is discussed along with their coordination chemistry, the multifarious binding modes, and the ability of these ligands to bridge two (or more) metal(loids).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kretschmer
- Junior Professorship Inorganic Chemistry of Catalysis, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 807743JenaGermany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
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15
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Jaballah MY, Serya RAT, Saad N, Khojah SM, Ahmed M, Barakat K, Abouzid KAM. Towards discovery of novel scaffold with potent antiangiogenic activity; design, synthesis of pyridazine based compounds, impact of hinge interaction, and accessibility of their bioactive conformation on VEGFR-2 activities. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 34:1573-1589. [PMID: 31852269 PMCID: PMC6746272 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1651723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridazine scaffolds are considered privileged structures pertaining to its novelty, chemical stability, and synthetic feasibility. In our quest towards the development of novel scaffolds for effective vascular endothelial growth 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibition with antiangiogenic activity, four novel series of pyridazines were designed and synthesised. Five of the synthesised compounds; namely (8c, 8f, 15, 18b, and 18c) exhibited potent VEGFR-2 inhibitory potency (>80%); with IC50 values ranging from low micromolar to nanomolar range; namely compounds 8c, 8f, 15, 18c with (1.8 µM, 1.3 µM, 1.4 µM, 107 nM), respectively. Moreover, 3-[4-{(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-yl)oxy}phenyl]urea derivative (18b) exhibited nanomolar potency towards VEGFR-2 (60.7 nM). In cellular assay, the above compounds showed excellent inhibition of VEGF-stimulated proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells at 10 μM concentration. Finally, an extensive molecular simulation study was performed to investigate the probable interaction with VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiy Y Jaballah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rabah A T Serya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasser Saad
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sohair M Khojah
- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Marawan Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Khaled Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Applied Virology Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
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16
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Chen Z, Huang W, Zheng N, Bai Y. Design and synthesis of a polyguanidium vector with enhanced DNA binding ability for effective gene delivery at a low N/P ratio. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01481k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A polyguanidium polymer has extra affinity toward DNA and can mediate transfection efficiently at a low polymer to DNA ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Chen
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yugang Bai
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine
- State Key Laboratory of Chem/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
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17
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Modeling antimalarial and antihuman African trypanosomiasis compounds: a ligand- and structure-based approaches. Mol Divers 2019; 24:1107-1124. [PMID: 31760561 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-10015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the interaction of 137 antimalarial and antihuman African trypanosomiasis compounds [bis(2-aminoimidazolines), bisguanidinediphenyls and polyamines] on three different in vitro assays (Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.), Plasmodium falciparum (P.f.) and cytotoxicity-L6 cells). ΔTm values, wherever available, were also examined for the considered ligands. Eight DNA-ligand complexes and one DNA structure without ligand were selected from protein data bank (PDB) based on the structural similarity. Geometry optimization of all the considered ligands was carried out at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. The AutoDock4 tool was utilized for the docking of these molecules at the minor groove of nine selected DNA crystal structures. We observed DT20, DA6, DT8 and DT19 residues generally interact with most of the considered ligands. Molecular dynamics simulations, molecular mechanics-generalized born surface area and molecular mechanics-Poisson Boltzmann surface area calculations indicate that the docked poses are generally stable and docked ligands do not show much deviation in the minor groove of DNA until 10 ns simulation. Efficient and statistically significant quantitative structure-activity relationship models for T.b.r., P.f., C-L6 and ΔTm values were developed. All the generated models are internally and externally validated. We predicted a few ligands with significant IC50 values against P.f. based on the developed models. These results may help to design new and potent antimalarial and antihuman African trypanosomal compounds.
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18
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19
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Xue WJ, Deng YH, Yan ZH, Liu JP, Liu Y, Sun LP. Phenyl and Diaryl Ureas with Thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine Scaffold as Angiogenesis Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1800493. [PMID: 30688404 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is crucial for tumor growth and inhibition of angiogenesis has been regarded as a promising approach for cancer therapy. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is an important factor in angiogenesis. In this work, a novel series of thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives inhibiting angiogenesis were rationally designed and synthesized. Their inhibitory activities against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were investigated in vitro. 1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-3-{4-[(5-methyl-2-phenyl[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)amino]phenyl}urea (19b) and 1-(3-Fluorophenyl)-3-{4-[(5-methyl-2-phenyl[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-7-yl)amino]phenyl}urea (19g) exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect on HUVEC proliferation (IC50 =12.8 and 5.3 μm, respectively). Compound 19g could inhibit the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These results support the further investigation of these compounds as potent anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Hui Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Ping Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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20
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Rahman A, O'Sullivan P, Rozas I. Recent developments in compounds acting in the DNA minor groove. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 10:26-40. [PMID: 30774852 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00425k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The macromolecule that carries genetic information, DNA, is considered as an exceptional target for diseases depending on cellular division of malignant cells (i.e. cancer), microbes (i.e. bacteria) or parasites (i.e. protozoa). To aim for a comprehensive review to cover all aspects related to DNA targeting would be an impossible task and, hence, the objective of the present review is to present, from a medicinal chemistry point of view, recent developments of compounds targeting the minor groove of DNA. Accordingly, we discuss the medicinal chemistry aspects of heterocyclic small-molecules binding the DNA minor groove, as novel anticancer, antibacterial and antiparasitic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyemi Rahman
- School of Chemistry , Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute , Trinity College Dublin , 152-160-Pearse Street , Dublin 2 , Ireland .
| | - Patrick O'Sullivan
- School of Chemistry , Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute , Trinity College Dublin , 152-160-Pearse Street , Dublin 2 , Ireland .
| | - Isabel Rozas
- School of Chemistry , Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute , Trinity College Dublin , 152-160-Pearse Street , Dublin 2 , Ireland .
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21
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Mukherjee A, Ghosh S, Sarkar R, Samanta S, Ghosh S, Pal M, Majee A, Sen SK, Singh B. Synthesis, characterization and unravelling the molecular interaction of new bioactive 4-hydroxycoumarin derivative with biopolymer: Insights from spectroscopic and theoretical aspect. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 189:124-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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22
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de M. Silva M, Macedo TS, Teixeira HMP, Moreira DRM, Soares MB, da C. Pereira AL, de L. Serafim V, Mendonça-Júnior FJ, do Carmo A. de Lima M, de Moura RO, da Silva-Júnior EF, de Araújo-Júnior JX, de A. Dantas MD, de O. O. Nascimento E, Maciel TMS, de Aquino TM, Figueiredo IM, Santos JC. Correlation between DNA/HSA-interactions and antimalarial activity of acridine derivatives: Proposing a possible mechanism of action. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 189:165-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Ghith A, Youssef KM, Ismail NSM, Abouzid KAM. Design, synthesis and molecular modeling study of certain VEGFR-2 inhibitors based on thienopyrimidne scaffold as cancer targeting agents. Bioorg Chem 2018; 83:111-128. [PMID: 30343204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Different series of novel thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative (9a-d,10a-f,l,m and 15a-m) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their ability to in vitro inhibit VEGFR-2 enzyme. Also, the cytotoxicity of the final compounds was tested against a panel of 60 different human cancer cell lines by NCI. The VEGFR-2 enzyme inhibitory results revealed that compounds 10d, 15d and 15 g are among the most active inhibitors with IC50 values of 2.5, 5.48 and 2.27 µM respectively, while compound 10a remarkably showed the highest cell growth inhibition with mean growth inhibition (GI) percent of 31.57%. It exhibited broad spectrum anti-proliferative activity against several NCI cell lines specifically on human breast cancer (T7-47D) and renal cancer (A498) cell lines of 85.5% and 77.65% inhibition respectively. To investigate the mechanistic aspects underlying the activity, further biological studies like flow cytometry cell cycle together with caspase-3 colorimetric assays were carried on compound 10a. Flow cytometric analysis on both MCV-7 and PC-3 cancer cells revealed that it induced cell-cycle arrest in the G0-G1phase and reinforced apoptosis via activation of caspase-3. Furthermore, molecular modeling studies have been carried out to gain further understanding of the binding mode in the active site of VEGFR-2 enzyme and predict pharmacokinetic properties of all the synthesized inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Ghith
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 12311, Egypt
| | - Khairia M Youssef
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 12311, Egypt
| | - Nasser S M Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 12311, Egypt.
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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24
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Caine BA, Dardonville C, Popelier PLA. Prediction of Aqueous p K a Values for Guanidine-Containing Compounds Using Ab Initio Gas-Phase Equilibrium Bond Lengths. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3835-3850. [PMID: 31458625 PMCID: PMC6641350 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate the existence of linear relationships between gas-phase equilibrium bond lengths of the guanidine skeleton of 2-(arylamino)imidazolines and their aqueous pK a value. For a training set of 22 compounds, in the most stable conformation of their lowest energy tautomeric form, three bonds were found to exhibit r 2 and q 2 values >0.95 and root-mean-squared-error of estimation values ≤0.25 when regressed individually against pK a. The equations describing these one-bond-length linear relationships, in addition to a multiple linear regression model using all three bond lengths, were then used to predict the experimental pK a values of an external test set of further 27 derivatives. The optimal protocol we derive here shows an overall mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.20 and standard deviation of errors of 0.18 for the test set. Predictions for a second test set of diphenyl-based bis(2-iminoimidazolidines) yielded an MAE of 0.27 and a standard deviation of 0.10. The predictive power of the optimal model is further demonstrated by its ability to correct erroneously reported experimental values. Finally, a previously established guanidine model is recalibrated at a new level of theory, and predictions are made for novel phenylguanidine derivatives, showing an MAE of just 0.29. The protocols established and tested here pass both of Roy's modern and stringent MAE-based criteria for a "good" quantitative structure-activity relationship/quantitative structure-property relationship model predictivity. Notably, the ab initio bond length high correlation subset protocol developed in this work demonstrates lower MAE values than the Marvin program by ChemAxon for all test sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A. Caine
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, Great Britain
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, Great
Britain
| | | | - Paul L. A. Popelier
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, Great Britain
- School
of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, Great
Britain
- E-mail: . Phone: +44 161
3064511 (P.L.A.P.)
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25
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Baker BC, German I, Stevens GC, Colquhoun H, Hayes W. Inducing hardening and healability in poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) via blending with complementary low molecular weight additives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41445-41453. [PMID: 35559291 PMCID: PMC9091865 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09597c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and synthesis of low molecular weight additives based on self-assembling nitroarylurea units, and their compatibility with poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) copolymers are reported. The self-assembly properties of the low molecular weight additives have been demonstrated in a series of gelation studies. Upon blending at low percentage weights (≤5%) with poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) the additives were capable of increasing the stress and strain to failure when compared to the parent copolymer. By varying the percentage weight of the additive as well as the type of additive the mechanical properties of poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) could be tailored. Finally, the healability characteristics of the blends were improved when compared to the original polymer via the introduction of a supramolecular ‘network within a network’. Blending nitroarylurea gelators with poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) copolymers improves the mechanical and healing properties of the bulk polymer via ‘network within a network’ formation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wayne Hayes
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Reading
- UK
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26
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The antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activities of novel piperazine derivatives of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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27
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Millan CR, Acosta-Reyes FJ, Lagartera L, Ebiloma GU, Lemgruber L, Nué Martínez JJ, Saperas N, Dardonville C, de Koning HP, Campos JL. Functional and structural analysis of AT-specific minor groove binders that disrupt DNA-protein interactions and cause disintegration of the Trypanosoma brucei kinetoplast. Nucleic Acids Res 2017. [PMID: 28637278 PMCID: PMC5737332 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of sleeping sickness (Human African Trypanosomiasis, HAT), contains a kinetoplast with the mitochondrial DNA (kDNA), comprising of >70% AT base pairs. This has prompted studies of drugs interacting with AT-rich DNA, such as the N-phenylbenzamide bis(2-aminoimidazoline) derivatives 1 [4-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)-N-(4-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide dihydrochloride] and 2 [N-(3-chloro-4-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)phenyl)-4-((4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)benzamide] as potential drugs for HAT. Both compounds show in vitro effects against T. brucei and in vivo curative activity in a mouse model of HAT. The main objective was to identify their cellular target inside the parasite. We were able to demonstrate that the compounds have a clear effect on the S-phase of T. brucei cell cycle by inflicting specific damage on the kinetoplast. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR)–biosensor experiments show that the drug can displace HMG box-containing proteins essential for kDNA function from their kDNA binding sites. The crystal structure of the complex of the oligonucleotide d[AAATTT]2 with compound 1 solved at 1.25 Å (PDB-ID: 5LIT) shows that the drug covers the minor groove of DNA, displaces bound water and interacts with neighbouring DNA molecules as a cross-linking agent. We conclude that 1 and 2 are powerful trypanocides that act directly on the kinetoplast, a structure unique to the order Kinetoplastida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia R Millan
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Acosta-Reyes
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Godwin U Ebiloma
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Leandro Lemgruber
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.,The Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - Núria Saperas
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - J Lourdes Campos
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Screening the Medicines for Malaria Venture Pathogen Box across Multiple Pathogens Reclassifies Starting Points for Open-Source Drug Discovery. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.00379-17. [PMID: 28674055 PMCID: PMC5571359 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00379-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Open-access drug discovery provides a substantial resource for diseases primarily affecting the poor and disadvantaged. The open-access Pathogen Box collection is comprised of compounds with demonstrated biological activity against specific pathogenic organisms. The supply of this resource by the Medicines for Malaria Venture has the potential to provide new chemical starting points for a number of tropical and neglected diseases, through repurposing of these compounds for use in drug discovery campaigns for these additional pathogens. We tested the Pathogen Box against kinetoplastid parasites and malaria life cycle stages in vitro Consequently, chemical starting points for malaria, human African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, and leishmaniasis drug discovery efforts have been identified. Inclusive of this in vitro biological evaluation, outcomes from extensive literature reviews and database searches are provided. This information encompasses commercial availability, literature reference citations, other aliases and ChEMBL number with associated biological activity, where available. The release of this new data for the Pathogen Box collection into the public domain will aid the open-source model of drug discovery. Importantly, this will provide novel chemical starting points for drug discovery and target identification in tropical disease research.
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29
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Dardonville C, Caine BA, Navarro de la Fuente M, Martín Herranz G, Corrales Mariblanca B, Popelier PLA. Substituent effects on the basicity (pKa) of aryl guanidines and 2-(arylimino)imidazolidines: correlations of pH-metric and UV-metric values with predictions from gas-phase ab initio bond lengths. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02497e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The AIBLHiCoS method accurately predicts the pKa values of 2-(arylimino)imidazolidines using only a single ab initio bond length.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth A. Caine
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB)
- Manchester
- UK
- School of Chemistry
- Univ. of Manchester
| | | | | | | | - Paul L. A. Popelier
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB)
- Manchester
- UK
- School of Chemistry
- Univ. of Manchester
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30
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Roy A, Saha D, Mukherjee A, Talukdar P. One-Pot Synthesis and Transmembrane Chloride Transport Properties of C3-Symmetric Benzoxazine Urea. Org Lett 2016; 18:5864-5867. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Roy
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha
Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Debasis Saha
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha
Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Arnab Mukherjee
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha
Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha
Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008 Maharashtra, India
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31
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Castaneda CH, Scuderi MJ, Edwards TG, Harris GD, Dupureur CM, Koeller KJ, Fisher C, Bashkin JK. Improved Antiviral Activity of a Polyamide Against High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Via N-Terminal Guanidinium Substitution. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016; 7:2076-2082. [PMID: 27840672 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00371k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of two novel pyrrole-imidazole polyamides with N-terminal guanidinium or tetramethylguanidinium groups and evaluate their antiviral activity against three cancer-causing human papillomavirus strains. Introduction of guanidinium improves antiviral activity when compared to an unsubstituted analog, especially in IC90 values. These substitutions change DNA-binding preferences, while binding affinity remains unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Castaneda
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - M J Scuderi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - T G Edwards
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - G D Harris
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - C M Dupureur
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - K J Koeller
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - C Fisher
- NanoVir, LLC, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 (USA)
| | - J K Bashkin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; NanoVir, LLC, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 (USA)
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32
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Wolkinger V, Ahmad S, Seebacher W, Faist J, Saf R, Kaiser M, Brun R, Weis R. New diaryl-substituted azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes and their antiprotozoal potencies. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1800-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Isouronium and N -hydroxyguanidinium derivatives as Cell growth inhibitors: A comparative study. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 117:269-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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34
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Alkanediamide-Linked Bisbenzamidines Are Promising Antiparasitic Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9020020. [PMID: 27104545 PMCID: PMC4932538 DOI: 10.3390/ph9020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 15 alkanediamide-linked bisbenzamidines and related analogs was synthesized and tested in vitro against two Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) subspecies: T.b. brucei and T.b. rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani and two Plasmodium falciparum subspecies: a chloroquine-sensitive strain (NF54) and a chloroquine-resistant strain (K1). The in vitro cytotoxicity was determined against rat myoblast cells (L6). Seven compounds (5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15) showed high potency against both strains of T. brucei and P. falciparum with the inhibitory concentrations for 50% (IC50) in the nanomolar range (IC50 = 1–96 nM). None of the tested derivatives was significantly active against T. cruzi or L. donovani. Three of the more potent compounds (5, 6, 11) were evaluated in vivo in mice infected with the drug-sensitive (Lab 110 EATRO and KETRI 2002) or drug-resistant (KETRI 2538 and KETRI 1992) clinical isolates of T. brucei. Compounds 5 and 6 were highly effective in curing mice infected with the drug-sensitive strains, including a drug-resistant strain KETRI 2538, but were ineffective against KETRI 1992. Thermal melting of DNA and molecular modeling studies indicate AT-rich DNA sequences as possible binding sites for these compounds. Several of the tested compounds are suitable leads for the development of improved antiparasitic agents.
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35
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Aziz MA, Serya RAT, Lasheen DS, Abdel-Aziz AK, Esmat A, Mansour AM, Singab ANB, Abouzid KAM. Discovery of Potent VEGFR-2 Inhibitors based on Furopyrimidine and Thienopyrimidne Scaffolds as Cancer Targeting Agents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24460. [PMID: 27080011 PMCID: PMC4832243 DOI: 10.1038/srep24460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) plays a crucial role in cancer angiogenesis. In this study, a series of novel furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine based-derivatives were designed and synthesized as VEGFR-2 inhibitors, in accordance to the structure activity relationship (SAR) studies of known type II VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their ability to in vitro inhibit VEGFR-2 kinase enzyme. Seven compounds (15b, 16c, 16e, 21a, 21b, 21c and 21e) demonstrated highly potent dose-related VEGFR-2 inhibition with IC50 values in nanomolar range, of which the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine based-derivatives (21b, 21c and 21e) exhibited IC50 values of 33.4, 47.0 and 21 nM respectively. Moreover, furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based derivative (15b) showed the strongest inhibition of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) proliferation with 99.5% inhibition at 10 μM concentration. Consistent with our in vitro findings, compounds (21b and 21e) orally administered at 5 and 10 mg/kg/day for 8 consecutive days demonstrated potent anticancer activity in Erhlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) solid tumor murine model. Such compounds blunted angiogenesis in EAC as evidenced by reduced percent microvessel via decreasing VEGFR-2 phosphorylation with subsequent induction of apoptotic machinery. Furthermore, Miles vascular permeability assay confirmed their antiangiogenic effects in vivo. Intriguingly, such compounds showed no obvious toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Rabah A T Serya
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Deena S Lasheen
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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36
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Bravo I, Alonso-Moreno C, Posadas I, Albaladejo J, Carrillo-Hermosilla F, Ceña V, Garzón A, López-Solera I, Romero-Castillo L. Phenyl-guanidine derivatives as potential therapeutic agents for glioblastoma multiforme: catalytic syntheses, cytotoxic effects and DNA affinity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17920c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly malignant form of brain tumor. In the work described here, several substituted phenyl-guanidine derivatives were developed for application in glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Bravo
- Departamento de Química-Física
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Campus Universitario de Albacete
- 02071-Albacete
| | - C. Alonso-Moreno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Campus Universitario de Albacete
| | - I. Posadas
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath CSIC-UCLM
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Campus Universitario de Albacete
| | - J. Albaladejo
- Departamento de Química-Física
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas
- Campus Universitario de Ciudad Real
- 13071-Ciudad Real
| | - F. Carrillo-Hermosilla
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas
- Campus Universitario de Ciudad Real
| | - V. Ceña
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath CSIC-UCLM
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas
- Facultad de Medicina
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Campus Universitario de Albacete
| | - A. Garzón
- Departamento de Química-Física
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Campus Universitario de Albacete
- 02071-Albacete
| | - I. López-Solera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas
- Campus Universitario de Ciudad Real
| | - L. Romero-Castillo
- Unidad Asociada Neurodeath CSIC-UCLM
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Campus Universitario de Albacete
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37
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Nieto D, Bruña S, González-Vadillo AM, Perles J, Carrillo-Hermosilla F, Antiñolo A, Padrón JM, Plata GB, Cuadrado I. Catalytically Generated Ferrocene-Containing Guanidines as Efficient Precursors for New Redox-Active Heterometallic Platinum(II) Complexes with Anticancer Activity. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nieto
- Departamento
de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Bruña
- Departamento
de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M González-Vadillo
- Departamento
de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josefina Perles
- Servicio
Interdepartamental de Investigación (SIdI), Laboratorio de
Difracción de Rayos X de Monocrystal, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Carrillo-Hermosilla
- Centro
de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA),
Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Orgánica
y Bioquı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologı́as
Quı́micas, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Antiñolo
- Centro
de Innovación en Quı́mica Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA),
Departamento de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Orgánica
y Bioquı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologı́as
Quı́micas, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José M. Padrón
- BioLab,
Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González
(IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias
(CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Gabriela B. Plata
- BioLab,
Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González
(IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias
(CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuadrado
- Departamento
de Quı́mica Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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38
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Discovery of a selective, safe and novel anti-malarial compound with activity against chloroquine resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13838. [PMID: 26346444 PMCID: PMC4561909 DOI: 10.1038/srep13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years the DNA minor groove has attracted much attention for the development of anti-malarial agents. In view of this we have attempted to discover novel DNA minor groove binders through in-silico and in-vitro workflow. A rigorously validated pharmacophore model comprising of two positive ionizable (PI), one hydrophobic (HY) and one ring aromatic (RA) features was used to mine NCI chemical compound database. This led to retrieval of many hits which were screened on the basis of estimated activity, fit value and Lipinski's violation. Finally two compounds NSC639017 and NSC371488 were evaluated for their in-vitro anti-malarial activities against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (CQ sensitive) and K1 (CQ resistant) strains by SYBR green-I based fluorescence assay. The results revealed that out of two, NSC639017 posses excellent anti-malarial activity particularly against chloroquine resistant strain and moreover NSC639017 also appeared to be safe (CC50 126.04 μg/ml) and selective during cytotoxicity evaluation.
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39
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Lowering the pKa of a bisimidazoline lead with halogen atoms results in improved activity and selectivity against Trypanosoma brucei in vitro. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 101:806-17. [PMID: 26231081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diphenyl-based bis(2-iminoimidazolidines) are promising antiprotozoal agents that are curative in mouse models of stage 1 trypanosomiasis but devoid of activity in the late-stage disease, possibly due to poor brain penetration caused by their dicationic nature. We present here a strategy consisting in reducing the pKa of the basic 2-iminoimidazolidine groups though the introduction of chlorophenyl, fluorophenyl and pyridyl ring in the structure of the trypanocidal lead 4-(imidazolidin-2-ylideneamino)-N-(4-(imidazolidin-2-ylideneamino)phenyl)benzamide (1). The new compounds showed reduced pKa values (in the range 1-3 pKa units) for the imidazolidine group linked to the substituted phenyl ring. In vitro activities (EC50) against wild type and resistant strains of T. b. brucei (s427 and B48, respectively) were in the submicromolar range with four compounds being more active and selective than 1 (SI > 340). In particular, the two most potent compounds (3b and 5a) acted approximately 6-times faster than 1 to kill trypanosomes in vitro. No cross-resistance with the diamidine and melaminophenyl class of trypanocides was observed indicating that these compounds represent interesting leads for further in vivo studies.
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40
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Eldehna WM, Fares M, Ibrahim HS, Aly MH, Zada S, Ali MM, Abou-Seri SM, Abdel-Aziz HA, Abou El Ella DA. Indoline ureas as potential anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agents targeting VEGFR-2: Synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation and molecular docking. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 100:89-97. [PMID: 26071861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In our effort to develop potent and effective agents with anti-proliferative activity towards HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells with potential inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2, a novel series of 1-(4-((2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)amino)phenyl)-3-arylureas was designed and synthesized. All the newly prepared ureas 9a-x were evaluated in vitro for their anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Compounds 9a-c, 9e, 9f, 9j, 9m-o, 9t-v and 9x exhibited good activity against HepG2 cancer cells (IC50 = 1.22 ± 0.11-8.37 ± 0.85 μM) comparable to that of doxorubicin and sorafinib (IC50 = 2.90 ± 0.36 and 3.40 ± 0.25 μM, respectively). These thirteen compounds were further evaluated for their inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2. Compound 9x emerged as the most active counterpart against VEGFR-2 with IC50 value of 0.31 ± 0.04 μM. Furthermore, a molecular docking of the tested compounds was carried out in order to investigate their binding pattern with the prospective target, VEGFR-2 (PDB-code: 4ASD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, P.O. Box 11829, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Fares
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, P.O. Box 11829, Egypt
| | - Hany S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, P.O. Box 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Aly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biology, The American University in Cairo, P.O. Box 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Suher Zada
- Department of Biology, The American University in Cairo, P.O. Box 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Division of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Sahar M Abou-Seri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt.
| | - Dalal A Abou El Ella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbassia, P.O. Box 11566, Egypt
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Montalvo-Quirós S, Taladriz-Sender A, Kaiser M, Dardonville C. Antiprotozoal activity and DNA binding of dicationic acridones. J Med Chem 2015; 58:1940-9. [PMID: 25642604 DOI: 10.1021/jm5018303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dicationic acridone derivatives were synthesized and their antiparasitic activity was evaluated. Acridones displayed in vitro nanomolar IC50 values against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense STIB900 with selectivity indices >1000. Compounds 1b, 3a, and 3b were as potent as the reference drug melarsoprol in this assay. Submicromolar-range activities were observed against wild-type (NF54) and resistant (K1) strains of Plasmodium falciparum, whereas no significant activity was detected against Trypanosoma cruzi or Leishmania donovani. Compounds 1a and 1b were curative in the STIB900 mouse model for human African trypanosomiasis. UV spectrophotometric titrations and circular dichroism (CD) experiments with fish sperm (FS) DNA showed that these compounds form complexes with DNA with binding affinities in the 10(4) M(-1) range. Biological and biophysical data show that antiparasitic activity, toxicity, and DNA binding of this series of acridones are dependent on the relative position of both imidazolinium cations on the heterocyclic scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Montalvo-Quirós
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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Ríos Martínez CH, Lagartera L, Trujillo C, Dardonville C. Bisimidazoline arylamides binding to the DNA minor groove: N1-hydroxylation enhances binding affinity and selectivity to AATT sites. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00292c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Selective binding of N-hydroxy bisimidazolines to dsDNA GCAATTGC is derived from a tighter fit to this narrower minor groove.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristina Trujillo
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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43
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A new nonpolar N-hydroxy imidazoline lead compound with improved activity in a murine model of late-stage Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection is not cross-resistant with diamidines. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 59:890-904. [PMID: 25421467 DOI: 10.1128/aac.03958-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of late-stage sleeping sickness requires drugs that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the parasites located in the brain. We report here the synthesis and evaluation of four new N-hydroxy and 12 new N-alkoxy derivatives of bisimidazoline leads as potential agents for the treatment of late-stage sleeping sickness. These compounds, which have reduced basicity compared to the parent leads (i.e., are less ionized at physiological pH), were evaluated in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and in vivo in murine models of first- and second-stage sleeping sickness. Resistance profile, physicochemical parameters, in vitro BBB permeability, and microsomal stability also were determined. The N-hydroxy imidazoline analogues were the most effective in vivo, with 4-((1-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)-N-(4-((1-hydroxy-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide (14d) showing 100% cures in the first-stage disease, while 15d, 16d, and 17d appeared to slightly improve survival. In addition, 14d showed weak activity in the chronic model of central nervous system infection in mice. No evidence of reduction of this compound with hepatic microsomes and mitochondria was found in vitro, suggesting that N-hydroxy imidazolines are metabolically stable and have intrinsic activity against T. brucei. In contrast to its unsubstituted parent compound, the uptake of 14d in T. brucei was independent of known drug transporters (i.e., T. brucei AT1/P2 and HAPT), indicating a lower predisposition to cross-resistance with other diamidines and arsenical drugs. Hence, the N-hydroxy bisimidazolines (14d in particular) represent a new class of promising antitrypanosomal agents.
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Baker B, Acton A, Stevens G, Hayes W. Bis amide-aromatic-ureas—highly effective hydro- and organogelator systems. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Nagle PS, McKeever C, Rodriguez F, Nguyen B, Wilson WD, Rozas I. Unexpected DNA affinity and sequence selectivity through core rigidity in guanidinium-based minor groove binders. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7663-72. [PMID: 25158031 DOI: 10.1021/jm5008006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report the design and biophysical evaluation of novel rigid-core symmetric and asymmetric dicationic DNA binders containing 9H-fluorene and 9,10-dihydroanthracene cores as well as the synthesis of one of these fluorene derivatives. First, the affinity toward particular DNA sequences of these compounds and flexible core derivatives was evaluated by means of surface plasmon resonance and thermal denaturation experiments finding that the position of the cations significantly influence the binding strength. Then their affinity and mode of binding were further studied by performing circular dichroism and UV studies and the results obtained were rationalized by means of DFT calculations. We found that the fluorene derivatives prepared have the ability to bind to the minor groove of certain DNA sequences and intercalate to others, whereas the dihydroanthracene compounds bind via intercalation to all the DNA sequences studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padraic S Nagle
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland
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46
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O'Sullivan P, Rozas I. Understanding the guanidine-like cationic moiety for optimal binding into the DNA minor groove. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2065-73. [PMID: 25087855 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Based on our previous positive results with bis-guanidine-like diaromatic compounds as DNA minor groove binders, we propose a new family: bis-2-amino-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines. According to calculated parameters, these dicationic systems would have a more suitable size and lipophilicity for binding into the minor groove than previous series. Moreover, their DFT-optimised structures and docking into an AT oligomer model show that they would bind in the minor groove with good strength and without energy penalty. Hence, we prepared compounds 4 a-c and evaluated their binding to ssDNA and poly(dA-dT)2 by thermal denaturation experiments. The results showed that 4 a (CO) and 4 d (NH) were the best DNA binders. Compared to the previous series, 4 a-d are better binders than bis-guanidiniums but poorer than bis-2-aminoimidazolinium derivatives. Moreover, circular dichroism experiments using ssDNA and poly(dA-dT)2 confirmed binding into the minor groove. Based on our computational design as well as biophysical studies, we have been able to determine that the optimal interaction of guanidine-like dications in the minor grove occurs with bis-2-aminoimidazolinium systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick O'Sullivan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St., Dublin 2 (Ireland)
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47
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Marin-Luna M, Sanchez-Sanz G, O'Sullivan P, Rozas I. Guanidine complexes of platinum: a theoretical study. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5540-7. [PMID: 24988181 DOI: 10.1021/jp504483x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have studied theoretically the complexes of model N-phenylguanidine/ium derivatives with PtCl3(-) and PtCl2 in different coordinating modes (mono- and bidentate) with different N atoms of the guanidine/ium moiety using the B3LYP/6-31+G** and LANL2DZ mixed basis set. This will aid the understanding of the complexation between platinum and the guanidine or guanidinium moiety in order to design dual anticancer agents that combine a guanidine-based DNA minor groove binder and a cisplatin-like moiety. Calculated interaction and relative energies, analysis of the electron density, and examination of the orbital interactions indicate that the most stable type of complex is that with a monodentate interaction between PtCl3(-) and guanidinium established through one of the NH2 groups. Next, we optimized the structure of three bis-guanidinium diaromatic systems developed in our group as DNA minor groove binders and their complexation with PtCl3(-), finding that the formation of Pt complexes of these minor groove binders is favorable and would produce stable monodentate coordinated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marin-Luna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia , Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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48
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Guanidinium-based derivatives: Searching for new kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 81:427-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Shahin MI, Abou El Ella DA, Ismail NSM, Abouzid KAM. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of type-II VEGFR-2 inhibitors based on quinoxaline scaffold. Bioorg Chem 2014; 56:16-26. [PMID: 24922538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to develop ATP-competitive VEGFR-2 selective inhibitors, a series of new quinoxaline-based derivatives was designed and synthesized. The target compounds were biologically evaluated for their inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2. The design of the target compounds was accomplished after a profound study of the structure activity relationship (SAR) of type-II VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Among the synthesized compounds, 1-(2-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)-3-oxo-3,4 dihydroquinoxalin-6-yl)-3-phenylurea (VIIa) displayed the highest inhibitory activity against VEGFR-2. Molecular modeling study involving molecular docking and field alignment was implemented to interpret the variable inhibitory activity of the newly synthesized compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai I Shahin
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Dalal A Abou El Ella
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Nasser S M Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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50
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Acosta-Reyes FJ, Dardonville C, de Koning HP, Natto M, Subirana JA, Campos JL. In and out of the minor groove: interaction of an AT-rich DNA with the drug CD27. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:1614-21. [PMID: 24914972 PMCID: PMC4051503 DOI: 10.1107/s139900471400697x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New features of an antiprotozoal DNA minor-groove binding drug, which acts as a cross-linking agent, are presented. It also fills the minor groove of DNA completely and prevents the access of proteins. These features are also expected for other minor-groove binding drugs when associated with suitable DNA targets. The DNA of several pathogens is very rich in AT base pairs. Typical examples include the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and the causative agents of trichomoniasis and trypanosomiases. This fact has prompted studies of drugs which interact with the minor groove of DNA, some of which are used in medical practice. Previous studies have been performed almost exclusively with the AATT sequence. New features should be uncovered through the study of different DNA sequences. In this paper, the crystal structure of the complex of the DNA duplex d(AAAATTTT)2 with the dicationic drug 4,4′-bis(imidazolinylamino)diphenylamine (CD27) is presented. The drug binds to the minor groove of DNA as expected, but it shows two new features that have not previously been described: (i) the drugs protrude from the DNA and interact with neighbouring molecules, so that they may act as cross-linking agents, and (ii) the drugs completely cover the whole minor groove of DNA and displace bound water. Thus, they may prevent the access to DNA of proteins such as AT-hook proteins. These features are also expected for other minor-groove binding drugs when associated with all-AT DNA. These findings allow a better understanding of this family of compounds and will help in the development of new, more effective drugs. New data on the biological interaction of CD27 with the causative agent of trichomoniasis, Trichomonas vaginalis, are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Acosta-Reyes
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland
| | - Manal Natto
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland
| | - Juan A Subirana
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Lourdes Campos
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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