1
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Parvatkar PT, Diagne K, Zhao Y, Manetsch R. Indoloquinoline Alkaloids as Antimalarials: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400254. [PMID: 38840271 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Malaria infections affect almost half of the world's population, with over 200 million cases reported annually. Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, a plant native to West Africa, has long been used across various regions of Africa for malaria treatment. Chemical analysis has revealed that the plant is abundant in indoloquinolines, which have been shown to possess antimalarial properties. Cryptolepine, neocryptolepine, and isocryptolepine are well-studied indoloquinoline alkaloids known for their potent antimalarial activity. However, their structural rigidity and associated cellular toxicity are major drawbacks for preclinical development. This review focuses on the potential of indoloquinoline alkaloids (cryptolepine, neocryptolepine, and isocryptolepine) as scaffolds in drug discovery. The article delves into their antimalarial effects in vitro and in vivo, as well as their proposed mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationship studies. Several studies aim to improve these leads by reducing cytotoxicity while preserving or enhancing antimalarial activity and gaining insights into their mechanisms of action. These investigations highlight the potential of indoloquinolines as a scaffold for developing new antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash T Parvatkar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Khaly Diagne
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yingzhao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roman Manetsch
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Barnett Institute of Chemical and Biological Analysis, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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2
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Li HX, Luo XF, Deng P, Zhang SY, Zhou H, Ding YY, Wang YR, Liu YQ, Zhang ZJ. Structural Simplification of Cryptolepine to Obtain Novel Antifungal Quinoline Derivatives against Phytopathogenic Fungi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2301-2312. [PMID: 36706432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of quinoline derivatives were designed and synthesized by the structural simplification of cryptolepine and evaluated for their fungicidal activity against six phytopathogenic fungi. Most of these compounds exhibited remarkable activities against Botrytis cinereain vitro. Among them, compounds A18 and L01 showed superior antifungal activity. Significantly, compared to cryptolepine, compound A18 exhibited broad-spectrum inhibitory activities against B. cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora capsica, Magnaporthe oryzae, and Fusarium graminearum with the respective EC50 values of 0.249, 1.569, 3.915, 0.505, 0.246, and 4.999 μg/mL. Compound L01 displayed the best antifungal activity against B. cinerea with an EC50 value of 0.156 μg/mL. Preliminary mechanistic studies showed that compound A18 could inhibit spore germination, affect the permeability of the cell membrane, increase the content of reactive oxygen species, and affect the morphology of hyphae and cells. Moreover, compound A18 showed excellent in vivo protective effect against B. cinerea, which was more potent than pyrimethanil and equitant to cryptolepine. These results evidenced that compound A18 displayed superior fungicidal activities and could be a potential fungicidal candidate against plant fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong-Fei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou313000, China
| | - Han Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou313000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, People's Republic of China
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Unravelling the pharmacological properties of cryptolepine and its derivatives: a mini-review insight. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:229-238. [PMID: 36251044 PMCID: PMC9574835 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cryptolepine (1,5-methyl-10H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline), an indoloquinoline alkaloid, found in the roots of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) Schltr (family: Periplocaceae), is associated with the suppression of cancer and protozoal infections. Cryptolepine also exhibits anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-hyperglycemic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypotensive, antipyretic, and antimuscarinic properties. This review of the latest research data can be exploited to create a basis for the discovery of new cryptolepine-based drugs and their analogues in the near future. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched to select and collect data from the existing literature on cryptolepine and their pharmacological properties. Several in vitro studies have demonstrated the potential of cryptolepine A as an anticancer and antimalarial molecule, which is achieved through inhibiting DNA synthesis and topoisomerase II. This review summarizes the recent developments of cryptolepine pharmacological properties and functional mechanisms, providing information for future research on this natural product.
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Behl T, Gupta A, Albratty M, Najmi A, Meraya AM, Alhazmi HA, Anwer MK, Bhatia S, Bungau SG. Alkaloidal Phytoconstituents for Diabetes Management: Exploring the Unrevealed Potential. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185851. [PMID: 36144587 PMCID: PMC9501853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main characteristic feature of diabetes mellitus is the disturbance of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, which results in insulin insufficiency and can also lead to insulin resistance. Both the acute and chronic diabetic cases are increasing at an exponential rate, which is also flagged by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Treatment of diabetes mellitus with synthetic drugs often fails to provide desired results and limits its use to symptomatic treatment only. This has resulted in the exploration of alternative medicine, of which herbal treatment is gaining popularity these days. Owing to their safety benefits, treatment compliance, and ability to exhibit effects without disturbing internal homeostasis, research in the field of herbal and ayurvedic treatments has gained importance. Medicinal phytoconstituents include micronutrients, amino acids, proteins, mucilage, critical oils, triterpenoids, saponins, carotenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, and coumarins, which play a dynamic function in the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus. Alkaloids found in medicinal plants represent an intriguing potential for the inception of novel approaches to diabetes mellitus therapies. Thus, this review article highlights detailed information on alkaloidal phytoconstituents, which includes sources and structures of alkaloids along with the associated mechanism involved in the management of diabetes mellitus. From the available literature and data presented, it can be concluded that these compounds hold tremendous potential for use as monotherapies or in combination with current treatments, which can result in the development of better efficacy and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.G.B.)
| | - Amit Gupta
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Najmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim M. Meraya
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45124, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Stattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.G.B.)
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Zhou Z, Du LQ, Huang XM, Zhu LG, Wei QC, Qin QP, Bian H. Novel glycosylation zinc(II)-cryptolepine complexes perturb mitophagy pathways and trigger cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy in SK-OV-3/DDP cells. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114743. [PMID: 36116236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of shedding some light on the mechanism of action of zinc(II) complexes in antiproliferative processes and molecular signaling pathways, three novel glycosylated zinc(II)-cryptolepine complexes, i.e., [Zn(QA1)Cl2] (Zn(QA1)), [Zn(QA2)Cl2] (Zn(QA2)), and [Zn(QA3)Cl2] (Zn(QA3)), were prepared by conjugating a glucose moiety with cryptolepine, followed by complexation of the resulting glycosylated cryptolepine compounds N-((1-(2-morpholinoethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)-benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-amine (QA1), 2-(4-((benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-ylamino)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)ethan-1-ol (QA2), and (2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-2-(4-((benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-ylamino)-methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (QA3) with zinc(II), and their anticancer activity was evaluated. In MTT assays, Zn(QA1)-Zn(QA3) were more active against cisplatin-resistant ovarian SK-OV-3/DDP cancer cells (SK-OV-3cis) than ZnCl2 and the QA1-QA3 ligands, with IC50 values of 1.81 ± 0.50, 2.92 ± 0.32, and 1.01 ± 0.11 μM, respectively. Complexation of glycosylated cryptolepine QA3 with zinc(II) increased the antiproliferative activity of the ligand, suggesting that Zn(QA3) could act as a chaperone to deliver the active ligand intracellularly, in contrast with other cryptolepine metal complexes previously reported. In vivo and in vitro investigations suggested that Zn(QA3) exhibited enhanced anticancer activity with treatment effects comparable to those of the clinical drug cisplatin. Furthermore, Zn(QA1)-Zn(QA3) triggered SK-OV-3cis cell apoptosis through mitophagy pathways in the order Zn(QA1) > Zn(QA1) > Zn(QA2). These results demonstrate the potential of glycosylated zinc(II)-cryptolepine complexes for the development of chemotherapy drugs against cisplatin-resistant SK-OV-3cis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities (Guangxi Minzu University), Nanning, 530006, China; Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Ling-Qi Du
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Mei Huang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Li-Gang Zhu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China.
| | - Qiao-Chang Wei
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China; State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Hedong Bian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities (Guangxi Minzu University), Nanning, 530006, China.
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6
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Novel bifluorescent Zn(II)–cryptolepine–cyclen complexes trigger apoptosis induced by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage in cisplatin-resistant lung tumor cells. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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7
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Chu QR, He YH, Tang C, Zhang ZJ, Luo XF, Zhang BQ, Zhou Y, Wu TL, Du SS, Yang CJ, Liu YQ. Design, Synthesis, and Antimicrobial Activity of Quindoline Derivatives Inspired by the Cryptolepine Alkaloid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2851-2863. [PMID: 35226498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on the structural characteristics of the cryptolepine alkaloid, a series of new quindoline derivatives bearing various substituents were prepared and evaluated for their fungicidal and antibacterial activities. Bioassay results showed that compound D7 displayed superior in vitro fungicidal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium graminearum, and Rhizoctonia solani with EC50 values of 0.780, 3.62, 1.59, and 2.85 μg/mL, respectively. Compound A7 showed apparent antibacterial activities toward Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 3.12 μg/mL. Significantly, in vivo antifungal activity suggested that the curative effect (98.3%) of compound D7 was comparable to that of the positive control azoxystrobin (96.7%) at 100 μg/mL. Preliminary mechanistic studies showed that compound D7 might cause mycelial abnormality of S. sclerotiorum, cell membrane breakage, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibition of sclerotia formation. Therefore, compound D7 could be a novel broad-spectrum fungicidal candidate against plant fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ru Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hui He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong-Fei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Lin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha-Sha Du
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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Thongsornkleeb C, Tummatorn J, Ruchirawat S. A Compilation of Synthetic Strategies to Access the Most Utilized Indoloquinoline Motifs. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200040. [PMID: 35132773 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Indoloquinoline alkaloids constitute an important class of aromatic heterocycles consisting of quinoline and indole fused together in various orientations. These compounds, both natural and synthetic, often display various bioactivities which have established them to be one of the interesting medicinal targets. This class of compounds have stimulated much interest among synthetic and medicinal chemists as evidenced by growth in the number of synthetic methods to prepare and study this class of alkaloids. This review compiles the synthetic strategies and methods currently known in the literature for the construction of four important indoloquinoline skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jumreang Tummatorn
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Medicinal chemistry, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 Talat Bang Khen, 10210, Lak Si, THAILAND
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Awasthi A, Yadav P, Yadav S, Tiwari DK. Copper Catalyzed Synthesis of 3‐Nitro‐Quinolines from Nitro‐Olefins and Anthranils: Its Application in the Synthesis of Quindoline. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annapurna Awasthi
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory Center of Biomedical Research (CBMR) Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 India
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Pushpendra Yadav
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory Center of Biomedical Research (CBMR) Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 India
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sourabh Yadav
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory Center of Biomedical Research (CBMR) Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 India
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Tiwari
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory Center of Biomedical Research (CBMR) Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus Raebareli Road Lucknow 226014 India
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Bandyopadhyay D, Thirupathi A, Radhakrishnan D, Panigrahi A, Peruncheralathan S. Triflic acid-mediated N-heteroannulation of β-anilino-β-(methylthio)acrylonitriles: a facile synthesis of 4-amino-2-(methylthio)quinolines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8544-8553. [PMID: 34550145 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01151k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various functionalised 4-amino-2-(methylthio)quinolines are synthesised through triflic acid-mediated N-heteroannulation of α-functionalized-β-anilino-β-(methylthio)acrylonitriles for the first time. The N-heteroannulation process is highly chemoselective and has mild reaction conditions. However, this process fails in the absence of the β-methylthio group in the acrylonitriles. In addition, a new double N-heteroannulation process is demonstrated to synthesise indolo[3,2-c]quinolines from non-heterocyclic precursors. Natural product isocryptolepine is synthesised in four steps from an acyclic precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashruti Bandyopadhyay
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Jatani, Khurda-752050, Odisha, India.
| | - Annaram Thirupathi
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Jatani, Khurda-752050, Odisha, India.
| | - Divya Radhakrishnan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Jatani, Khurda-752050, Odisha, India.
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Jatani, Khurda-752050, Odisha, India.
| | - S Peruncheralathan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, HBNI, Jatani, Khurda-752050, Odisha, India.
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Rodphon W, Laohapaisan P, Supantanapong N, Reamtong O, Ngiwsara L, Lirdprapamongkol K, Thongsornkleeb C, Khunnawutmanotham N, Tummatorn J, Svasti J, Ruchirawat S. Synthesis of Isocryptolepine-Triazole Adducts and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic Activity. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3750-3762. [PMID: 34610210 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Eighteen hybrid compounds between 8-bromo-2-fluoro-isocryptolepine (4) and 1,2,3-triazole were synthesized via azide rearrangement-annulation reaction. Compound 4 underwent regioselective N-propargylation and click reaction to form 8-bromo-2-fluoro-isocryptolepine-triazole hybrids 11 which were evaluated for cytotoxic activity. Compound 11 c containing 1-anisyltriazole was the most effective in inhibiting HepG2, HuCCA-1 and A549 cell lines (IC50 values of 1.65-3.07 μM) while compounds 11 a (1-phenyltriazole), 11 j (1-para-CF3 -benzyltriazole) and 11 l (1-meta-Cl-benzyltriazole) were potent inhibitors of HuCCA-1, HepG2 and A549 cell lines, respectively. Moreover, 11 l showed the lowest cytotoxicity to normal human kidney cell line. Compounds 11 c and 11 l provided improvement of cytotoxic activity over 4. Compounds 4, 11 c and 11 l were selected to investigate their mechanisms of action. The results showed that 4 could induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and was involved in the upregulation of p53 and p21 proteins. However, the mechanisms of growth inhibition by 11 c and 11 l were associated with G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and mediated by induction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warabhorn Rodphon
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Pavitra Laohapaisan
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Nantamon Supantanapong
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Thung Phayathai Subdistrict Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Lukana Ngiwsara
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Charnsak Thongsornkleeb
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Nisachon Khunnawutmanotham
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Jumreang Tummatorn
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
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Chowdhury S, Bhuiya S, Das S. Comparative binding studies on the interaction of the indoloquinoline alkaloid cryptolepine with the B and the non-canonical protonated form of DNA: A spectroscopic insight. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129993. [PMID: 34453987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low pH induced nucleic acid polymorphism and the interaction of naturally occurring small molecules with different polymorphic forms of DNA have been the focus in developing new drugs. Recent studies have revealed that low pH plays an active role in growth and development of cancer cells. Our target is to find whether and how the indoloquinoline alkaloid cryptolepine (CRP) interact with different polymorphic forms of natural DNA, in hope to explore this group of alkaloids as new therapeutics. METHODS Multiple spectroscopic techniques that include UV-visible absorption spectrophotometry, fluorimetry, CD spectroscopy along with thermal melting studies were employed to characterize the interaction between the alkaloid cryptolepine with the B and protonated forms of DNA. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Cryptolepine has been found to interact with either forms of DNA. The nature of binding is non-cooperative in both cases. Data show that the affinity of CRP to B form of DNA is relatively higher than that for the protonated form of DNA. Circular dichroic studies reveal that the alkaloid converts the left handed protonated DNA into bound right handed form. Fluorescence quenching experiments reveal that cryptolepine intercalates within the DNA base pairs. Thermal melting studies show that the alkaloid stabilises the DNA structures. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Such non-B DNA structures are often present at the 'mutation hotspots' that are associated with genetic instability related diseases such as cancer. The ability of cryptolepine to interact to such non-B DNA structures makes it a useful substrate in the designing of potential chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Chowdhury
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sutanwi Bhuiya
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman Das
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, 188 Raja S. C. Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Zhu Y, Zhao J, Luo L, Gao Y, Bao H, Li P, Zhang H. Research progress of indole compounds with potential antidiabetic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113665. [PMID: 34192642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
New types of antidiabetic agents are continually needed with diabetes becoming the epidemic in the world. Indole alkaloids play an important role in natural products owing to their variable structures and versatile biological activities like anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, which are a promising source of novel antidiabetic drugs discovery. The synthesized indole derivatives possess similar properties to natural indole alkaloids. In the last two decades, more and more indole derivatives have been designed and synthesized for searching their bioactivities. This present review describes comprehensive structures of indole compounds with the potential antidiabetic activity including natural indole alkaloids and the synthetic indole derivatives based on the structure classification, summarizes their approaches isolated from natural sources or by synthetic methods, and discusses the antidiabetic effects and the mechanisms of action. Furthermore, this review also provides briefly synthetic procedures of some important indole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jinran Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Longbiao Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - He Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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14
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Chen YJ, Liu H, Zhang SY, Li H, Ma KY, Liu YQ, Yin XD, Zhou R, Yan YF, Wang RX, He YH, Chu QR, Tang C. Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Evaluation of Cryptolepine Derivatives against Phytopathogenic Fungi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1259-1271. [PMID: 33496176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the widely antiphytopathogenic application of diversified derivatives from natural sources, cryptolepine and its derivatives were subsequently designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antifungal activities against four agriculturally important fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium graminearum, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The results obtained from in vitro assay indicated that compounds a1-a24 showed great fungicidal property against B. cinerea (EC50 < 4 μg/mL); especially, a3 presented significantly prominent inhibitory activity with an EC50 of 0.027 μg/mL. In the pursuit of further expanding the antifungal spectrum of cryptolepine, ring-opened compound f1 produced better activity with an EC50 of 3.632 μg/mL against R. solani and an EC50 of 5.599 μg/mL against F. graminearum. Furthermore, a3 was selected to be a candidate to investigate its preliminary antifungal mechanism to B. cinerea, revealing that not only spore germination was effectively inhibited and the normal physiological structure of mycelium was severely undermined but also detrimental reactive oxygen was obviously accumulated and the normal function of the nucleus was fairly disordered. Besides, in vivo curative experiment against B. cinerea found that the therapeutic action of a3 was comparable to that of the positive control azoxystrobin. These results suggested that compound a3 could be regarded as a novel and promising agent against B. cinerea for its valuable potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jia Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Hu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Yuan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dan Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Fang Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Xuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hui He
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ru Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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15
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Qin LQ, Liang CJ, Zhou Z, Qin QP, Wei ZZ, Tan MX, Liang H. Mitochondria-localizing curcumin-cryptolepine Zn(II) complexes and their antitumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 30:115948. [PMID: 33360578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many metal complexes are potent candidates as mitochondrial-targeting agents. In this study, four novel Zn(II) complexes, [Zn(BPQA)Cl2] (Zn1), [Zn(BPQA)(Curc)]Cl (Zn2), [Zn(PQA)Cl2] (Zn3), and [Zn(PQA)(Curc)]Cl (Zn4), containing N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-amine (BPQA), N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolin-11-amine (PQA), and curcumin (H-Curc) were synthesized. An MTT assay showed that Zn1-Zn4 had strong anticancer activities against SK-OV-3/DDP and T-24 tumor cells with IC50 values of 0.03-6.19 μM. Importantly, Zn1 and Zn2 displayed low toxicities against normal HL-7702 cells. Mechanism experiments demonstrated that probe Zn2 showed appreciable fluorescence in the red region of the spectrum, and substantial accumulation of Zn2 occurred in the mitochondria after treatment, indicating increases in Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species levels, loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and consequent induction of mitochondrial dysfunction at low concentrations. In addition, the probe Zn2 effectively (50.7%) inhibited the growth of T-24 bladder tumor cells in vivo. The probe Zn2 shows potential for use in cancer therapy while retaining the H-Curc as an imaging probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Chun-Jie Liang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China; State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Zu-Zhuang Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Ming-Xiong Tan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
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16
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Shnyder SD, Wright CW. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Pharmacology of Cryptolepine. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 115:177-203. [PMID: 33797643 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64853-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cryptolepine, the principal constituent of the West African climbing shrub Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, continues to be of interest as a lead to new therapeutic agents, especially for the treatment of protozoal infections and cancer. This contribution reviews the research published in the last decade, highlighting new synthesis routes to cryptolepine and to analogs of this alkaloid, as well as their pharmacology. Studies relating to the use of C. sanguinolenta as an herbal medicine for the treatment of malaria are discussed, as well as the development of analogs of cryptolepine as leads to new agents for the treatment of malaria, trypanosomiasis, and cancer with an emphasis on the pharmacological mechanisms involved. Other potential therapeutic applications include antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities; the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of cryptolepine are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Shnyder
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Colin W Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK.
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17
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Borquaye LS, Gasu EN, Ampomah GB, Kyei LK, Amarh MA, Mensah CN, Nartey D, Commodore M, Adomako AK, Acheampong P, Mensah JO, Mormor DB, Aboagye CI. Alkaloids from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta as Potential Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Proteins: An In Silico Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5324560. [PMID: 33029513 PMCID: PMC7512045 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5324560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing global pandemic caused by the human coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected millions of people and claimed hundreds of thousands of lives. The absence of approved therapeutics to combat this disease threatens the health of all persons on earth and could cause catastrophic damage to society. New drugs are therefore urgently required to bring relief to people everywhere. In addition to repurposing existing drugs, natural products provide an interesting alternative due to their widespread use in all cultures of the world. In this study, alkaloids from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta have been investigated for their ability to inhibit two of the main proteins in SARS-CoV-2, the main protease and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, using in silico methods. Molecular docking was used to assess binding potential of the alkaloids to the viral proteins whereas molecular dynamics was used to evaluate stability of the binding event. The results of the study indicate that all 13 alkaloids bind strongly to the main protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase with binding energies ranging from -6.7 to -10.6 kcal/mol. In particular, cryptomisrine, cryptospirolepine, cryptoquindoline, and biscryptolepine exhibited very strong inhibitory potential towards both proteins. Results from the molecular dynamics study revealed that a stable protein-ligand complex is formed upon binding. Alkaloids from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta therefore represent a promising class of compounds that could serve as lead compounds in the search for a cure for the corona virus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Central Laboratory, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Edward Ntim Gasu
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Central Laboratory, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Gilbert Boadu Ampomah
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Lois Kwane Kyei
- Central Laboratory, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Margaret Amerley Amarh
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Caleb Nketia Mensah
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Daniel Nartey
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Michael Commodore
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Philipina Acheampong
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - David Batsa Mormor
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Caleb Impraim Aboagye
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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18
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Santos AS, Silva AMS, Marques MMB. Sustainable Amidation Reactions - Recent Advances. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sofia Santos
- LAQV@REQUIMTE; Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV@REQUIMTE; Department of Chemistry; University of Aveiro; 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - M. Manuel B. Marques
- LAQV@REQUIMTE; Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
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19
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of indoloquinoline alkaloid cryptolepine and its bromo-derivative as dual cholinesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Deng JD, Lei S, Jiang Y, Zhang HH, Hu XL, Wen HX, Tan W, Wang Z. A concise synthesis and biological study of evodiamine and its analogues. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3089-3092. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00434c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Efficient access to evodiamine and its analogues is presented via Lewis acid catalysis. In this reaction, three chemical bonds and two heterocyclic-fused rings are constructed in one step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Dan Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
- Institution State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Shuai Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Yi Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Hong-Hua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Xiao-Ling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Huai-Xiu Wen
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xining
- P. R. China
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- China
- Institution State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
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21
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Mudududdla R, Mohanakrishnan D, Bharate SS, Vishwakarma RA, Sahal D, Bharate SB. Orally Effective Aminoalkyl 10H-Indolo[3,2-b]quinoline-11-carboxamide Kills the Malaria Parasite by Inhibiting Host Hemoglobin Uptake. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:2581-2598. [PMID: 30358112 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of indolo[3,2-b]quinoline-C11-carboxamides were synthesized by incorporation of aminoalkyl side chains into the core of indolo[3,2-b]quinoline-C11-carboxylic acid. Their in vitro antiplasmodial evaluation against Plasmodium falciparum led to the identification of a 2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethanamine-linked analogue {2-bromo-N-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl]-10H-indolo[3,2-b]quinoline-11-carboxamide (3 g)} (IC50 =1.3 μm) as the most promising compound exhibiting good selectivity indices against mammalian cell lines. The kill kinetics on erythrocytic-stage parasites revealed that 3 g caused complete killing of only the trophozoite-stage parasites. Mechanistic studies showed that 3 g targets the food vacuole of the parasite and inhibits hemoglobin uptake, β-hematin formation, and the basic endocytic processes of the parasite. Analogue 3 g was found to be orally bioavailable, and its curative antimalarial studies at 50 mg per kg p.o. against a Plasmodium berghei (ANKA)-infected mouse model revealed that mice treated with 3 g showed 27-35 % suppression of parasitemia with an increase in life span relative to untreated, control mice. Thus, the present work demonstrated a proof of concept for the oral efficacy of indolo[3,2-b]quinoline-C11-carboxamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Mudududdla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Dinesh Mohanakrishnan
- Malaria Drug Discovery Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sonali S Bharate
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Dinkar Sahal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
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22
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Zheng L, Zeng Z, Yan Q, Jia F, Jia L, Chen Y. Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 3‐NO
2
Quinolines from
o
‐Azidobenzaldehyde and Nitro‐olefins and its Application in the Concise Synthesis of Quindolines. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringWuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zeng
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & BiologyHubei University of Science and Technology Xianning 437100 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Yan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringWuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Fengcheng Jia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringWuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Jia
- School of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringWuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringWuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 People's Republic of China
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23
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Indium-Catalyzed Annulation of o-Acylanilines with Alkoxyheteroarenes: Synthesis of Heteroaryl[b]quinolines and Subsequent Transformation to Cryptolepine Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040838. [PMID: 29621195 PMCID: PMC6017974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We disclose herein the first synthetic method that is capable of offering heteroaryl[b]quinolines (HA[b]Qs) with structural diversity, which include tricyclic and tetracyclic structures with (benzo)thienyl, (benzo)furanyl, and indolyl rings. The target HA[b]Q is addressed by the annulation of o-acylanilines and MeO–heteroarenes with the aid of an indium Lewis acid that effectively works to make two different types of the N–C and C–C bonds in one batch. A series of indolo[3,2-b]quinolines prepared here can be subsequently transformed to structurally unprecedented cryptolepine derivatives. Mechanistic studies showed that the N–C bond formation is followed by the C–C bond formation. The indium-catalyzed annulation reaction thus starts with the nucleophilic attack of the NH2 group of o-acylanilines to the MeO-connected carbon atom of the heteroaryl ring in an SNAr fashion, and thereby the N–C bond is formed. The resulting intermediate then cyclizes to make the C–C bond through the nucleophilic attack of the heteroaryl-ring-based carbon atom to the carbonyl carbon atom, providing the HA[b]Q after aromatizing dehydration.
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Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) Schlechter. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2017; 2017:3026370. [PMID: 29750083 PMCID: PMC5661077 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3026370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological Relevance Cryptolepis sanguinolenta is a scrambling thin-stemmed shrub found in Africa. Traditionally in West Africa, it is employed in the treatment of malaria, diarrhea, and respiratory conditions. This review discusses the traditional importance as well as the phytochemical, ethnomedical, pharmacological, and toxicological importance of this plant. Materials and Methods Excerpta Medica Database, Google Scholar, Springer, and PubMed Central were the electronic databases used to search for and filter primary studies on Cryptolepis sanguinolenta. Results The detailed review of various studies conducted on C. sanguinolenta and some of its constituents gives an important body of proof of its potential therapeutic benefits and also of its use as a source of lead compounds with therapeutic potentials. Conclusion The review on C. sanguinolenta is important in identifying grey areas in the research on this medicinal plant and also provides comprehensive data thus far to continue research on this plant.
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25
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Acharya A, Gautam V, Ila H. Synthesis of Thieno-Fused Five- and Six-Membered Nitrogen and Oxygen Heterocycles via Intramolecular Heteroannulation of 4,5-Substituted 3-Amino or 3-Hydroxy 2-Functionalized Thiophenes. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7920-7938. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Acharya
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Vibha Gautam
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Hiriyakkanavar Ila
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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26
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Liu HY, Chen AC, Yin QK, Li Z, Huang SM, Du G, He JH, Zan LP, Wang SK, Xu YH, Tan JH, Ou TM, Li D, Gu LQ, Huang ZS. New Disubstituted Quindoline Derivatives Inhibiting Burkitt's Lymphoma Cell Proliferation by Impeding c-MYC Transcription. J Med Chem 2017; 60:5438-5454. [PMID: 28603988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The c-MYC oncogene is overactivated during Burkitt's lymphoma pathogenesis. Targeting c-MYC to inhibit its transcriptional activity has emerged as an effective anticancer strategy. We synthesized four series of disubstituted quindoline derivatives by introducing the second cationic amino side chain and 5-N-methyl group based on a previous study of SYUIQ-5 (1) as c-MYC promoter G-quadruplex ligands. The in vitro evaluations showed that all new compounds exhibited higher stabilities and binding affinities, and most of them had better selectivity (over duplex DNA) for the c-MYC G-quadruplex compared to 1. Moreover, the new ligands prevented NM23-H2, a transcription factor, from effectively binding to the c-MYC G-quadruplex. Further studies showed that the selected ligand, 7a4, down-regulated c-MYC transcription by targeting promoter G-quadruplex and disrupting the NM23-H2/c-MYC interaction in RAJI cells. 7a4 could inhibit Burkitt's lymphoma cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and suppress tumor growth in a human Burkitt's lymphoma xenograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yun Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Chun Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Kun Yin
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng Li
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Mei Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Du
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hui He
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Peng Zan
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ke Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Hao Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Heng Tan
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Li
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian-Quan Gu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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Sun N, Lu YJ, Chan FY, Du RL, Zheng YY, Zhang K, So LY, Abagyan R, Zhuo C, Leung YC, Wong KY. A Thiazole Orange Derivative Targeting the Bacterial Protein FtsZ Shows Potent Antibacterial Activity. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:855. [PMID: 28553278 PMCID: PMC5426085 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of multidrug resistance among clinically significant bacteria calls for the urgent development of new antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action. In this study, a new small molecule exhibiting excellent inhibition of bacterial cell division with potent antibacterial activity was discovered through cell-based screening. The compound exhibits a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity, including the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and NDM-1 Escherichia coli. The in vitro and in vivo results suggested that this compound disrupts the dynamic assembly of FtsZ protein and Z-ring formation through stimulating FtsZ polymerization. Moreover, this compound exhibits no activity on mammalian tubulin polymerization and shows low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells. Taken together, these findings could provide a new chemotype for development of antibacterials with FtsZ as the target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yu-Jing Lu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou, China
| | - Fung-Yi Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ruo-Lan Du
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zheng
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou, China
| | - Lok-Yan So
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ruben Abagyan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La JollaCA, USA
| | - Chao Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Chung Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Yin Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong, Hong Kong
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28
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Sun N, Du RL, Zheng YY, Huang BH, Guo Q, Zhang RF, Wong KY, Lu YJ. Antibacterial activity of N-methylbenzofuro[3,2-b]quinoline and N-methylbenzoindolo[3,2-b]-quinoline derivatives and study of their mode of action. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:1-11. [PMID: 28426995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria causes an urgent need for new generation of antibiotics, which may have a different mechanism of inhibition or killing action from the existing. Targeting at the inhibition of bacterial cell division via the control of FtsZ function is one of the effective and promising approaches. Some natural extracts from plants such as sanguinarine and berberine (analogs of pyridinium compounds) are known to alter FtsZ function. In this study, a series of novel quaternary pyridinium compounds was constructed based on the N-methylbenzofuro[3,2-b]quinoline and N-methylbenzoindolo[3,2-b]-quinoline derivatives and their antibacterial activity against nine significant pathogens was investigated using broth microdilution method. In the in vitro assay, the compounds showed strong antibacterial activities against various testing strains, which include some drug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant E. faecium. Our results of morphology change of B. subtilis cells and molecular docking proved that the compounds functioned as an effective inhibitor to suppress FtsZ polymerization and FtsZ GTPase activity and thus the compound stops cell division and cause cell death through interacting with C-terminal interdomain cleft of FtsZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Ruo-Lan Du
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zheng
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bao-Hua Huang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Qi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 54 South Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Rui-Fang Zhang
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kwok-Yin Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Yu-Jing Lu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Green Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Wang W, Yin R, Zhang M, Yu R, Hao C, Zhang L, Jiang T. Boronic Acid Modifications Enhance the Anti-Influenza A Virus Activities of Novel Quindoline Derivatives. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2840-2852. [PMID: 28267329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The unique glycan-binding ability of chemically synthesized boronic acid derivatives makes them emerging candidates for developing anti-influenza A virus (IAV) drugs. Herein we report the synthesis and the anti-IAV activities of three series of novel boronic acid-modified quindoline derivatives both in vitro and in vivo. Boronic acid-modified compounds 6a and 7a effectively prevented the entry of virus RNP into the nucleus, reduced virus titers in IAV infected cells, and also inhibited the activity of viral neuraminidase. Compound 7a possessed broad antiviral spectrum and was able to inhibit cellular NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways to block IAV infection. More importantly, IAV infected mice treated with compound 7a showed better survival rates than mice treated with oseltamivir, a popular anti-IAV drug. Thus, our study provides not only an antiviral preclinical candidate but also useful information for further research and development of boronic acid-modified anti-IAV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Ruijuan Yin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Rilei Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China
| | - Cui Hao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College , Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.,Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao , Qingdao 266003, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
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30
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Koninti RK, Sappati S, Satpathi S, Gavvala K, Hazra P. Spectroscopy and Dynamics of Cryptolepine in the Nanocavity of Cucurbit[7]uril and DNA. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:506-15. [PMID: 26650669 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201501011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Koninti
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER); Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Subrahmanyam Sappati
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER); Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Sagar Satpathi
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER); Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Krishna Gavvala
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER); Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
| | - Partha Hazra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER); Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
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31
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Jiang C, Xiong Z, Jin S, Gao P, Tang Y, Wang Y, Du C, Wang X, Liu Y, Lin B, Liu Y, Cheng M. A Au(i)-catalyzed hydrogen bond-directed tandem strategy to synthesize indeno-chromen-4-one and indeno-quinolin-4-one derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11516-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05391b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed hydrogen bond-directed tandem cyclization strategy to synthesize indeno-chromen-4-one and indeno-quinolin-4-one derivatives has been developed.
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32
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Li Y, Zhang-Negrerie D, Du Y, Zhao K. A convenient synthesis of indoloquinolinones via 3-arylation of indole-2-carboxamides and PIDA-mediated C–N bond formation. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Kundu A, Pramanik A. Novel synthesis of a series of spiro 1,3-indanedione-fused dihydropyridines through the condensation of a tetrone with N-aryl/alkylenamines in presence of solid support silica sulfuric acid. Mol Divers 2015; 19:459-71. [PMID: 25802173 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-015-9582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A convenient protocol for the library synthesis of biologically important 1-aryl-2',6-spiro(1',3'-indanedione)-1H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoline-5,7-diones has been developed. In this one-pot reaction protocol a tetrone is condensed with various N-aryl/alkylenamines of 1,3-cyclohexadiones on the surface of a solid-supported acid catalyst silica sulfuric acid under solvent-free condition. The significant advantages of this methodology are the use of solvent-free reaction conditions, operational simplicity of the reaction, good yield of the products with high atom economy, and employment of a recyclable catalyst. All these favorable factors make the present method convenient, economic, and 'benign by design'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashis Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, 700 009, India
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34
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Khaligh NG. Introduction 1,1′-butylenebis(3-methyl-3H imidazol-1-ium) Hydrogen Sulfate as an Efficient Binuclear Brönsted Acidic Ionic Liquid for Three-Component and One-Pot Synthesis of Benzo[f]indenoquinoline Derivatives. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2014.935448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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35
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Khaligh NG. Synthesis of benzo[g]indeno[2,1-b]quinoline derivatives via four-component and one-pot synthesis in presence of 3-methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium hydrogen sulfate. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(14)60186-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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3-Methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium hydrogen sulfate-catalyzed three-component, one-pot synthesis of 13-aryl-12H-benzo[f]indeno[1,2-b]quinoline-12-one derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-014-1642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Khaligh NG. Three-component, one-pot synthesis of benzo[f]indenoquinoline derivatives catalyzed by poly(4-vinylpyridinium) hydrogen sulfate. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(12)60752-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Yin R, Zhang M, Hao C, Wang W, Qiu P, Wan S, Zhang L, Jiang T. Different cytotoxicities and cellular localizations of novel quindoline derivatives with or without boronic acid modifications in cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 49:8516-8. [PMID: 23942773 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45203d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a 4 × 4 series of novel quindoline derivatives with or without boronic acid modifications and their cytotoxicities, cellular localizations, and implications on cancer cells are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Yin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, China.
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39
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Khaligh NG, Mihankhah T. Poly(4-vinylpyridinium) hydrogen sulfate catalyzed synthesis of 12-aryl-12-hydro-5H-benzo[g]indeno[2,1-b]quinoline-6,11,13-trione derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-014-1552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Parvatkar PT, Majik MS. Microwave-assisted reductive cyclization: an easy entry to the indoloquinolines and spiro[2H-indole-2,3′-oxindole]. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02814g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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41
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Gupta R, Jain A, Madan Y. Indium Trichloride Catalyzed Diels-Alder Reaction: Synthesis of Novel 5-Butyl-11a-aryl-4a,5,11,11a-tetrahydro-11bH-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-1,4-dione. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; Malaviya National Institute of Technology; Jaipur 302017 India
| | - Anshu Jain
- Department of Chemistry; Malaviya National Institute of Technology; Jaipur 302017 India
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Lavrado J, Borralho PM, Ohnmacht SA, Castro RE, Rodrigues CMP, Moreira R, dos Santos DJVA, Neidle S, Paulo A. Synthesis, G-quadruplex stabilisation, docking studies, and effect on cancer cells of indolo[3,2-b]quinolines with one, two, or three basic side chains. ChemMedChem 2013; 8:1648-61. [PMID: 23960016 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures in telomeres and oncogenic promoter regions are potential targets for cancer therapy, and G4 ligands have been shown to modulate telomerase activity and oncogene transcription. Herein we report the synthesis and G4 thermal stabilisation effects, determined by FRET melting assays, of 20 indolo[3,2-b]quinolines mono-, di-, and trisubstituted with basic side chains. Molecular modelling studies were also performed in an attempt to rationalise the ligands' binding poses with G4. Overall, the results suggest that ligand binding and G4 DNA thermal stabilisation increase with an N5-methyl or a 7-carboxylate group and propylamine side chains, whereas selectivity between G4 and duplex DNA appears to be modulated by the number and relative position of basic side chains. From all the indoloquinoline derivatives studied, the novel trisubstituted compounds 3 d and 4 d, bearing a 7-(aminoalkyl)carboxylate side chain, stand out as the most promising compounds; they show high G4 thermal stabilisation (ΔTm values between 17 and 8 °C) with an inter-G4 ΔTm trend of Hsp90A>KRas21R≈F21T>c-Kit2, 10-fold selectivity for G4 over duplex DNA, and 100-fold selectivity for the HCT116 cancer cell line (IC50 and IC90: <10 μM) over primary rat hepatocytes. Compounds 3 d and 4 d also decreased protein expression levels of Hsp90 and KRas in HCT116 cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Lavrado
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon (Portugal)
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43
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Shen FH, Jin J, Li J, Wang Y, Zhu SH, Lu YJ, Ou TM, Huang ZS, Huang M, Huang ZY. The G-quadruplex ligand, SYUIQ-FM05, targets proto-oncogene c-kit transcription and induces apoptosis in K562 cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:447-454. [PMID: 23363047 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.738424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT N'-(7-Fluoro-5-N-methyl-10H-indolo[3,2-b]quinolin-5-ium)-N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine iodide (SYUIQ-FM05) is a semi-synthetic derivative of cryptolepine which is from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Lindl.) Schlechter (Periplocaeae). This ligand inhibits telomerase activity by stabilizing the G-quadruplex structure and induces growth arrest in cancer cells. OBJECTIVE The anticancer activity of SYUIQ-FM05 via inhibiting c-kit transcription was investigated in leukemic cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of SYUIQ-FM05 in K562 cells was evaluated using a cell viability assay and flow cytometry (FCM) at 0.4, 2.0, 10.0 and 20.0 nM. Under the same concentrations of SYUIQ-FM05 or 100 nM imatinib mesylate (IM), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) investigated transcription of c-kit and bcl-2, and western blotting analyzed the expression levels of c-Kit, total mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MEKs), phospho-MEK (p-MEK), total extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERKs), phospho-ERK (p-ERK), Bcl-2 and Bax. RESULTS SYUIQ-FM05 inhibited cellular growth with an IC(50) of 10.83 ± 0.05 nM in K562 cells. c-Kit transcription was suppressed 2.69-, 4.39-, 7.71- and 10.52-fold at 0.4, 2.0, 10.0 and 20.0 nM SYUIQ-FM05, respectively, which produced proportional loss of total c-Kit protein except IM. Both SYUIQ-FM05 and IM downregulated p-MEK and p-ERK. Furthermore, bcl-2 transcription was suppressed 1.58- and 1.86-fold at 10.0 and 20.0 nM SYUIQ-FM05, respectively, but 0.4 and 2.0 nM SYUIQ-FM05 had no effect. A decrease in Bcl-2 and an increase in Bax appeared in these treated cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that SYUIQ-FM05 could induce apoptosis in a leukemic cell line through inhibiting c-kit transcription, which supports the anticancer potency of SYUIQ-FM05 in c-Kit-positive leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Hai Shen
- Center of Preclinical Screening and Evaluation on New Drug, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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44
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Liu X, Zhang Q, Zhang D, Xin X, Zhang R, Zhou F, Dong D. PPA-Mediated C–C Bond Formation: A Synthetic Route to Substituted Indeno[2,1-c]quinolin-6(7H)-ones. Org Lett 2013; 15:776-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol303423f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China, Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China, Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Dingyuan Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China, Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xin
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China, Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China, Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Fenguo Zhou
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China, Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Dewen Dong
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China, Changzhou Institute of Energy Storage Materials & Devices, Changzhou 213000, China
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Identification of PPARgamma partial agonists of natural origin (II): in silico prediction in natural extracts with known antidiabetic activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55889. [PMID: 23405231 PMCID: PMC3566095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural extracts have played an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases and are important sources for drug discovery. However, to be effectively used in these processes, natural extracts must be characterized through the identification of their active compounds and their modes of action. Methodology/Principal Findings From an initial set of 29,779 natural products that are annotated with their natural source and using a previously developed virtual screening procedure (carefully validated experimentally), we have predicted as potential peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) partial agonists 12 molecules from 11 extracts known to have antidiabetic activity. Six of these molecules are similar to molecules with described antidiabetic activity but whose mechanism of action is unknown. Therefore, it is plausible that these 12 molecules could be the bioactive molecules responsible, at least in part, for the antidiabetic activity of the extracts containing them. In addition, we have also identified as potential PPARγ partial agonists 10 molecules from 16 plants with undescribed antidiabetic activity but that are related (i.e., they are from the same genus) to plants with known antidiabetic properties. None of the 22 molecules that we predict as PPARγ partial agonists show chemical similarity with a group of 211 known PPARγ partial agonists obtained from the literature. Conclusions/Significance Our results provide a new hypothesis about the active molecules of natural extracts with antidiabetic properties and their mode of action. We also suggest plants with undescribed antidiabetic activity that may contain PPARγ partial agonists. These plants represent a new source of potential antidiabetic extracts. Consequently, our work opens the door to the discovery of new antidiabetic extracts and molecules that can be of use, for instance, in the design of new antidiabetic drugs or functional foods focused towards the prevention/treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
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Gao WC, Jiang S, Wang RL, Zhang C. Iodine-mediated intramolecular amination of ketones: the synthesis of 2-acylindoles and 2-acylindolines by tuning N-protecting groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4890-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc40797g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ajayi AF, Akhigbe RE. Antifertility activity of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta leaf ethanolic extract in male rats. J Hum Reprod Sci 2012; 5:43-7. [PMID: 22870014 PMCID: PMC3409919 DOI: 10.4103/0974-1208.97799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Complementary medicine has grown over time with more botanicals emerging and remaining integral parts of medicare. Such botanicals include Cryptolepis sanguinolenta. AIM: This study investigated the effect of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta leaf ethanolic extract on male reproductive system using rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Control and treated rats were maintained on control diet. Treated rats also received graded doses of the extract. RESULTS: When compared with the controls, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta treatment led to significant testosterone suppression associated with consequent significant rise in luteinizing hormone (LH) and decrease in sperm count. Treatment with Cryptolepis sanguinolenta did not result in significant attenuation of follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and testicular morphometry. Sperm viability, motility, and morphology were also comparable in all groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Cryptolepis sanguinolenta possesses anti-androgenic and anti-spermatogenic properties with potential anti-aphrodisiac activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji F Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo state, Nigeria
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Long Y, Li Z, Tan JH, Ou TM, Li D, Gu LQ, Huang ZS. Benzofuroquinoline derivatives had remarkable improvement of their selectivity for telomeric G-quadruplex DNA over duplex DNA upon introduction of peptidyl group. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1821-31. [PMID: 22871222 DOI: 10.1021/bc300123m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the selectivity of 5-N-methyl quindoline (cryptolepine) derivatives as telomeric quadruplex binding ligands versus duplex DNA, a series of peptidyl-benzofuroquinoline (P-BFQ) conjugates (2a-2n) were designed and synthesized. Their interactions with telomeric quadruplex and duplex DNA were examined by using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) melting assay, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD), and molecular modeling studies. Introduction of a peptidyl group at 11-position of the aromatic benzofuroquinoline scaffold not only effectively increased its binding affinity, but also significantly improved its selectivity toward telomeric quadruplex versus duplex DNA. Combined with the data for their inhibitory effects on telomerase activity, their structure-activity relationships (SARs) studies showed that the types of amino acid residues and the length of the peptidyl side chains were important for the improvement of their interactions with the telomeric G-quadruplex. Long-term exposure of human cancer cells to 2c showed a remarkable cessation in population growth and cellular senescence phenotype, and accompanied by a shortening of the telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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Boddupally PVL, Hahn S, Beman C, De B, Brooks TA, Gokhale V, Hurley LH. Anticancer activity and cellular repression of c-MYC by the G-quadruplex-stabilizing 11-piperazinylquindoline is not dependent on direct targeting of the G-quadruplex in the c-MYC promoter. J Med Chem 2012; 55:6076-86. [PMID: 22691117 DOI: 10.1021/jm300282c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This G-rich region of the c-MYC promoter has been shown to form a G-quadruplex structure that acts as a silencer element for c-MYC transcriptional control. In the present work, we have synthesized a series of 11-substituted quindoline analogues as c-MYC G-quadruplex-stabilizing compounds, and the cell-free and in vitro activity of these compounds were evaluated. Two lead compounds (4 and 12) demonstrated good cell-free profiles, and compound 4 (2-(4-(10H-indolo[3,2-b]quinolin-11-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N,N-dimethylethanamine) significantly down-regulated c-MYC expression. However, despite the good cell-free activity and the effect of these compounds on c-MYC gene expression, we have demonstrated, using a cellular assay in a Burkitt's lymphoma cell line (CA46-specific), that these effects were not mediated through targeting of the c-MYC G-quadruplex. Thus, caution should be used in assigning the effects of G-quadruplex-interactive compounds that lower c-MYC to direct targeting of these promoter elements unless this assay, or similar ones, demonstrates direct targeting of the G-quadruplex in cells.
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Ajayi AF, Akhigbe RE, Adewumi OM, Okeleji LO, Mujaidu KB, Olaleye SB. Effect of ethanolic extract of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta stem on in vivo and in vitro glucose absorption and transport: Mechanism of its antidiabetic activity. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2012; 16 Suppl 1:S91-S96. [PMID: 22701855 PMCID: PMC3354926 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.94265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extracts from various morphological parts of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta are widely used traditionally in folklore medicine in many parts of the world for the management, control, and/or treatment of a plethora of human ailments, including diabetes mellitus. In order to scientifically appraise some of the ethnomedical uses of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, the present study was undertaken to investigate its influence at varying doses on intestinal glucose absorption and transport in relation to its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in rat experimental paradigms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals used were divided into four groups. Control animals received 2 ml of distilled water, while treated groups received 50, 150, and 250 mg/kg bw of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta extract per oral respectively daily for 21 days. RESULTS Cryptolepis sanguinolenta led to a significant decrease in glucose transport and absorption. It also caused significant reductions in plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol. Biochemical changes observed were suggestive of dose dependence. Histopathological studies also showed increased sizes of β cells of the pancreas. CONCLUSION The findings in these normoglycemic laboratory animals suggest that Cryptolepis sanguinolenta has hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities, possibly by reducing glucose absorption and transport, and enhancing the structural and functional abilities of the β cells. This is the first study to report the effect of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta on intestinal glucose absorption. This effect could be attributed to its major bioactive principle, cryptolepine, an indoloquinoline alkaloid. This study thus lends credence to the use of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta in the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. F. Ajayi
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - R. E. Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - O. M. Adewumi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - L. O. Okeleji
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - K. B. Mujaidu
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - S. B. Olaleye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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