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Korol N, Holovko-Kamoshenkova OM, Slivka M, Pallah O, Onysko MY, Kryvovyaz A, Boyko NV, Yaremko OV, Mariychuk R. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Series of Bis-1,2,4-Triazoles as Thymidine Phosphorylase Inhibitor. Adv Appl Bioinform Chem 2023; 16:93-102. [PMID: 37560149 PMCID: PMC10408706 DOI: 10.2147/aabc.s415961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heterocyclic compounds have diverse biological activities and potential in drug development. This study aims to synthesize novel compounds with two 1,2,4-triazole cores and evaluate their biological properties, particularly their inhibitory activity against thymidine phosphorylase (TP), an enzyme involved in various physiological processes. METHODS The compounds were synthesized by reacting 5,5'-butane-bis-1,2,4-triazole derivatives with prenyl bromide. Characterization involved various techniques, including spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Antimicrobial potential was evaluated against bacteria and fungi, with comparative antibiotics as references. Inhibitory activity against TP was assessed, and molecular docking studies were conducted. RESULTS Six compounds were successfully synthesized and their structures confirmed. The synthesized triazole derivatives exhibited high biological activity, with compounds 2 and 6 showing the most promising TP inhibition. Molecular docking studies revealed interactions between compound 2 and TP, involving nine amino acids. DISCUSSION The synthesis of novel compounds with two 1,2,4-triazole cores contributes significantly to bis-triazole research. These compounds have potential as anti-tumor agents due to their inhibitory activity against TP, a crucial enzyme in tumor growth and metastasis. Comparative evaluation against antibiotics highlights their potency. Docking results provide insights into their interactions with TP, supporting their potential as potent TP inhibitors. Further research should focus on evaluating their efficacy in biological models, understanding their mechanisms of action, and optimizing their activities. CONCLUSION The synthesized compounds with two 1,2,4-triazole cores exhibit significant biological activity, including strong TP inhibition and broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects. These findings emphasize their potential as anti-tumor agents and the need for further exploration and optimization. Future research should focus on evaluating their efficacy in biological models, understanding their mechanisms of action, and developing more potent bis-triazole derivatives for drug discovery efforts. The combined results from assays and docking studies support the therapeutic potential of these compounds as anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Korol
- Organic Chemistry Department, Educational and Research Institute of Chemistry and Ecology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Oksana M Holovko-Kamoshenkova
- Organic Chemistry Department, Educational and Research Institute of Chemistry and Ecology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Mikhailo Slivka
- Organic Chemistry Department, Educational and Research Institute of Chemistry and Ecology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandra Pallah
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Mykhailo Yu Onysko
- Organic Chemistry Department, Educational and Research Institute of Chemistry and Ecology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Kryvovyaz
- Organic Chemistry Department, Educational and Research Institute of Chemistry and Ecology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Nadiya V Boyko
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Olha V Yaremko
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Lviv National Stepan Gzhytsky University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Ruslan Mariychuk
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Science, University of Presov, Presov, Slovak Republic
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Krečmerová M, Majer P, Rais R, Slusher BS. Phosphonates and Phosphonate Prodrugs in Medicinal Chemistry: Past Successes and Future Prospects. Front Chem 2022; 10:889737. [PMID: 35668826 PMCID: PMC9163707 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.889737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds with a phosphonate group, i.e., -P(O)(OH)2 group attached directly to the molecule via a P-C bond serve as suitable non-hydrolyzable phosphate mimics in various biomedical applications. In principle, they often inhibit enzymes utilizing various phosphates as substrates. In this review we focus mainly on biologically active phosphonates that originated from our institute (Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry in Prague); i.e., acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs, e.g., adefovir, tenofovir, and cidofovir) and derivatives of non-nucleoside phosphonates such as 2-(phosphonomethyl) pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA). Principal strategies of their syntheses and modifications to prodrugs is reported. Besides clinically used ANP antivirals, a special attention is paid to new biologically active molecules with respect to emerging infections and arising resistance of many pathogens against standard treatments. These new structures include 2,4-diamino-6-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethoxy]pyrimidines or so-called "open-ring" derivatives, acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with 5-azacytosine as a base moiety, side-chain fluorinated ANPs, aza/deazapurine ANPs. When transformed into an appropriate prodrug by derivatizing their charged functionalities, all these compounds show promising potential to become drug candidates for the treatment of viral infections. ANP prodrugs with suitable pharmacokinetics include amino acid phosphoramidates, pivaloyloxymethyl (POM) and isopropoxycarbonyloxymethyl (POC) esters, alkyl and alkoxyalkyl esters, salicylic esters, (methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl) methyl (ODOL) esters and peptidomimetic prodrugs. We also focus on the story of cytostatics related to 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]guanine and its prodrugs which eventually led to development of the veterinary drug rabacfosadine. Various new ANP structures are also currently investigated as antiparasitics, especially antimalarial agents e.g., guanine and hypoxanthine derivatives with 2-(phosphonoethoxy)ethyl moiety, their thia-analogues and N-branched derivatives. In addition to ANPs and their analogs, we also describe prodrugs of 2-(phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA), a potent inhibitor of the enzyme glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII), also known as prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Glutamate carboxypeptidase II inhibitors, including 2-PMPA have been found efficacious in various preclinical models of neurological disorders which are caused by glutamatergic excitotoxicity. Unfortunately its highly polar character and hence low bioavailability severely limits its potential for clinical use. To overcome this problem, various prodrug strategies have been used to mask carboxylates and/or phosphonate functionalities with pivaloyloxymethyl, POC, ODOL and alkyl esters. Chemistry and biological characterization led to identification of prodrugs with 44-80 fold greater oral bioavailability (tetra-ODOL-2-PMPA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Krečmerová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Marcela Krečmerová,
| | - Pavel Majer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia
| | - Rana Rais
- Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuroscience, Medicine, Oncology, Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Matada GSP, Abbas N, Dhiwar PS, Basu R, Devasahayam G. Design, Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation of Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives as EGFR Inhibitors. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:451-461. [PMID: 32698735 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200721102726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The abnormal signaling from tyrosine kinase causes many types of cancers, including breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia. This research reports the in silico, synthesis, and in vitro study of novel pyrimidine derivatives as EGFR inhibitors. OBJECTIVE The objective of the research study is to discover more promising lead compounds using the drug discovery process, in which a rational drug design is achieved by molecular docking and virtual pharmacokinetic studies. METHODS The molecular docking studies were carried out using discovery studio 3.5-version software. The molecules with good docking and binding energy score were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by FT-IR, NMR, Mass and elemental analysis. Subsequently, molecules were evaluated for their anti-cancer activity using MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and A431 breast cancer cell lines by MTT and tyrosine kinase assay methodology. RESULTS Pyrimidine derivatives displayed anti-cancer activity. Particularly, compound R8 showed significant cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 with an IC50 value of 18.5±0.6μM. Molecular docking studies proved that the compound R8 has good binding fitting by forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues at ATP binding sites of EGFR. CONCLUSION Eight pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against breast cancer cell lines. Compound R8 significantly inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Molecular docking studies revealed that compound R8 has good fitting by forming different Hydrogen bonding interactions with amino acids at the ATP binding site of epidermal growth factor receptor target. Compound R8 was a promising lead molecule that showed better results as compared to other compounds in in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurubasavaraja S P Matada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health & Science Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560107, India
| | - Nahid Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health & Science Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560107, India
| | - Prasad S Dhiwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health & Science Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560107, India
| | - Rajdeep Basu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health & Science Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560107, India
| | - Giles Devasahayam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health & Science Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560107, India
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Khatoon H, Abdulmalek E. Novel Synthetic Routes to Prepare Biologically Active Quinoxalines and Their Derivatives: A Synthetic Review for the Last Two Decades. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041055. [PMID: 33670436 PMCID: PMC7923122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinoxalines, a class of N-heterocyclic compounds, are important biological agents, and a significant amount of research activity has been directed towards this class. They have several prominent pharmacological effects like antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and antimicrobial. Quinoxaline derivatives have diverse therapeutic uses and have become the crucial component in drugs used to treat cancerous cells, AIDS, plant viruses, schizophrenia, certifying them a great future in medicinal chemistry. Due to the current pandemic situation caused by SARS-COVID 19, it has become essential to synthesize drugs to combat deadly pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses) for now and near future. Since quinoxalines is an essential moiety to treat infectious diseases, numerous synthetic routes have been developed by researchers, with a prime focus on green chemistry and cost-effective methods. This review paper highlights the various synthetic routes to prepare quinoxaline and its derivatives, covering the literature for the last two decades. A total of 31 schemes have been explained using the green chemistry approach, cost-effective methods, and quinoxaline derivatives' therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hena Khatoon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Emilia Abdulmalek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Integrated Chemical BioPhysics Research, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (E.A.)
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Shahzad SA, Sarfraz A, Yar M, Khan ZA, Naqvi SAR, Naz S, Khan NA, Farooq U, Batool R, Ali M. Synthesis, evaluation of thymidine phosphorylase and angiogenic inhibitory potential of ciprofloxacin analogues: Repositioning of ciprofloxacin from antibiotic to future anticancer drugs. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103876. [PMID: 32388426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over expression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in various human tumors compared to normal healthy tissue is associated with progression of cancer and proliferation. The 2-deoxy-d-ribose is the final product of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) catalyzed reaction. Both TP and 2-deoxy-d-ribose are known to promote unwanted angiogenesis in cancerous cells. Discovery of potent inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) can offer appropriate approach in cancer treatment. A series of ciprofloxacin 2, 3a-3c, 4a-4d, 5a-5b, 6 and 7 has been synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic techniques. Afterwards, inhibitory potential of synthesized ciprofloxacin 2, 3a-3c, 4a-4d, 5a-5b, 6 and 7 against thymidine phosphorylase enzyme was assessed. Out of these twelve analogs of ciprofloxacin nine analogues 3a-3c, 4a-4c, 5a-5b and 6 showed good inhibitory activity against thymidine phosphorylase. Inhibitory activity as presented by their IC50 values was found in the range of 39.71 ± 1.13 to 161.89 ± 0.95 μM. The 7-deazaxanthine was used as a standard inhibitor with IC50 = 37.82 ± 0.93 μM. Furthermore, the chick chorionic allantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used to investigate anti-angiogenic activity of the most active ciprofloxacin-based inhibitor 3b. To enlighten the important binding interactions of ciprofloxacin derivatives with target enzyme, the structure activity relationship and molecular docking studies of chosen ciprofloxacin analogues was discussed. Docking studies revealed key π-π stacking, π-cation and hydrogen bonding interactions of ciprofloxacin analogues with active site residues of thymidine phosphorylase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Anjum Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Sarfraz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ali Raza Naqvi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Naz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Nazeer Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Razia Batool
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 611, Oman
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6
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Design, synthesis and anti-tumour activity of new pyrimidine-pyrrole appended triazoles. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 60:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Dorababu A. Evolution of uracil based thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors, SAR and electronic correlation: revisit. Drug Dev Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- Department of Studies in ChemistrySRMPP Govt. First Grade College Huvinahadagali Karnataka India
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8
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Shahzad SA, Yar M, Khan ZA, Shahzadi L, Naqvi SAR, Mahmood A, Ullah S, Shaikh AJ, Sherazi TA, Bale AT, Kukułowicz J, Bajda M. Identification of 1,2,4-triazoles as new thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors: Future anti-tumor drugs. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:209-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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9
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Almandil NB, Taha M, Farooq RK, Alhibshi A, Ibrahim M, Anouar EH, Gollapalli M, Rahim F, Nawaz M, Shah SAA, Ahmed QU, Zakaria ZA. Synthesis of Thymidine Phosphorylase Inhibitor Based on Quinoxaline Derivatives and Their Molecular Docking Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061002. [PMID: 30871147 PMCID: PMC6471342 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized quinoxaline analogs (1⁻25), characterized by ¹H-NMR and HREI-MS and evaluated for thymidine phosphorylase inhibition. Among the series, nineteen analogs showed better inhibition when compared with the standard inhibitor 7-Deazaxanthine (IC50 = 38.68 ± 4.42 µM). The most potent compound among the series is analog 25 with IC50 value 3.20 ± 0.10 µM. Sixteen analogs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21 and 24 showed outstanding inhibition which is many folds better than the standard 7-Deazaxanthine. Two analogs 8 and 9 showed moderate inhibition. A structure-activity relationship has been established mainly based upon the substitution pattern on the phenyl ring. The binding interactions of the active compounds were confirmed through molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Barak Almandil
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amani Alhibshi
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - El Hassane Anouar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, Al-Kharij 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Gollapalli
- College of Computer Science & Information Technology (CCSIT) Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia.
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor D.E., Malaysia.
| | - Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan Pahang DM, Malaysia.
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Halal Institute Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Uddin I, Taha M, Rahim F, Wadood A. Synthesis and molecular docking study of piperazine derivatives as potent inhibitor of thymidine phosphorylase. Bioorg Chem 2018; 78:324-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Liu Y, Xie F, Jia AQ, Li X. Cp*Co(iii)-catalyzed amidation of olefinic and aryl C-H bonds: highly selective synthesis of enamides and pyrimidones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4345-4348. [PMID: 29644366 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient and selective synthesis of enamides via C-H amidation of N-methoxy acrylamides with dioxazolones is realized under [Cp*CoIII] catalysis. The resulting enamide can further selectively cyclize to form pyrimidones, which can also act as a directing group for a second C-H amidation. All these three classes of products were selectively delivered under controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry Education, Department of Pharmacy, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Kasralikar HM, Jadhavar SC, Bhansali SG, Patwari SB, Bhusare SR. Design and Synthesis of Novel 1,2,3-triazolyl-pyrimidinone Hybrids as Potential Anti-HIV-1 NNRT Inhibitors. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sujit G. Bhansali
- Poona College of Pharmacy; Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University; Pune 411 038 India
| | - Shivaji B. Patwari
- Department of Chemistry; L. B. S. Mahavidyalaya; Dist. Nanded Dharmabad India
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Bakherad M, Rezaeimanesh F, Nasr-Isfahani H. Copper-Catalyzed Click Synthesis of Novel 1,2,3-Triazole-Linked Pyrimidines. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201703088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bakherad
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahrood University of Technology; Shahrood 3619995161 Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaeimanesh
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahrood University of Technology; Shahrood 3619995161 Iran
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Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of new pyrimidinone-5-carbonitriles as potential anticancer and antimicrobial agents. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Javaid S, Ishtiaq M, Shaikh M, Hameed A, Choudhary MI. Thymidine esters as substrate analogue inhibitors of angiogenic enzyme thymidine phosphorylase in vitro. Bioorg Chem 2016; 70:44-56. [PMID: 27955923 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) catalyzes the cleavage of thymidine into thymine and 2-deoxy-α-d-ribose-1-phosphate. Elevated activity of TP prevents apoptosis, and induces angiogenesis which ultimately leads to tumor growth and metastasis. Critical role of TP in cancer progression makes it a valid target in anti-cancer research. Discovery of small molecules as TP inhibitors is vigorously pursued in cancer therapy. In the present study, we functionalized thymidine as benzoyl ester to synthesize compounds 3-16. In vitro evaluation of thymidine esters for their thymidine phosphorylase inhibition activity was subsequently carried out. Compounds 4, 10, 14, and 15 showed good activities with lower IC50 values than the standard, 7-deazaxanthine (IC50=41.0±1.63μM). Among them, compound 14 showed five folds higher activity (IC50=7.5±0.8μM), while 4 (IC50=18.5±1.0μM) and 10 (IC50=18.8±1.2μM) showed two folds higher activity than the standard. Compound 15 showed slightly better activity (IC50=33.3±1.5μM) to the standard. Potent compounds were further subjected to kinetic and molecular docking studies to identify their mode of inhibition, and to study their interactions with the protein at atomic level, respectively. All active compounds were non-cytotoxic to mouse fibroblast 3T3 cell line. These results identify thymidine esters as substrate analogue (substrate-like) inhibitors of angiogenic enzyme thymidine phosphorylase for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Javaid
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Marium Ishtiaq
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muniza Shaikh
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hameed
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21412, Saudi Arabia.
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16
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Bera H, Chigurupati S. Recent discovery of non-nucleobase thymidine phosphorylase inhibitors targeting cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:992-1003. [PMID: 27783978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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In silico binding analysis and SAR elucidations of newly designed benzopyrazine analogs as potent inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase. Bioorg Chem 2016; 68:80-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Petaccia M, Gentili P, Bešker N, D'Abramo M, Giansanti L, Leonelli F, La Bella A, Gradella Villalva D, Mancini G. Kinetics and mechanistic study of competitive inhibition of thymidine phosphorylase by 5-fluoruracil derivatives. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 140:121-127. [PMID: 26752208 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a previous investigation, cationic liposomes formulated with new 5-FU derivatives, differing for the length of the polyoxyethylenic spacer that links the N(3) position of 5-FU to an alkyl chain of 12 carbon atoms, showed a higher cytotoxicity compared to free 5-FU, the cytotoxic effect being directly related to the length of the spacer. To better understand the correlation of the spacer length with toxicity, we carried out initial rate studies to determine inhibition, equilibrium and kinetic constants (KI, KM, kcat), and get inside inhibition activity of the 5-FU derivatives and their mechanism of action, a crucial information to design structural variations for improving the anticancer activity. The experimental investigation was supported by docking simulations based on the X-ray structure of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) from Escherichia coli complexed with 3'-azido-2'-fluoro-dideoxyuridin. Theoretical and experimental results showed that all the derivatives exert the same inhibition activity of 5-FU either as monomer and when embedded in lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Petaccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito (Aq), Italy
| | - Patrizia Gentili
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Neva Bešker
- CINECA, SCAI-Super Computing Applications and Innovation Department, Via dei Tizii, 6, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco D'Abramo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Luisa Giansanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito (Aq), Italy.
| | - Francesca Leonelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Angela La Bella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Denise Gradella Villalva
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mancini
- CNR-Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo Scalo, 00016 Rome, Italy
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19
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De Coen LM, Heugebaert TSA, García D, Stevens CV. Synthetic Entries to and Biological Activity of Pyrrolopyrimidines. Chem Rev 2015; 116:80-139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurens M. De Coen
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas S. A. Heugebaert
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel García
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian V. Stevens
- Department of Sustainable
Organic Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links
653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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20
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Du J, Wang Z, Peng X, Fan J. In Situ Colorimetric Recognition of Melamine Based on Thymine Derivative-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticle. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Du
- State Key
Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zhenkuan Wang
- State Key
Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key
Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key
Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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21
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Komissarov VV, Kniazhanskaia ES, Atrokhova AV, Gottikh MB, Kritsyn AM. [The search of novel inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase among 5-(4-halogenophenyl)-5-oxopentyl derivatives of nucleic bases]. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015; 40:578-87. [PMID: 25895353 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162014050094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
By alkylation of uracil, thymine, cytosine, adenine, 6-chloropurine, and 2-amino-6-chloropurine with 5-chloro-1-(4-halogenophenyl)-1-pentanones novel derivatives of nucleic bases were obtained, their physicochemical properties were studied. The influence of synthesized compounds on HIV-1 integrase was investigated.
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22
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Design and synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole–pyrimidine–urea hybrids as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1124-8. [PMID: 25655718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Ma LY, Zheng YC, Wang SQ, Wang B, Wang ZR, Pang LP, Zhang M, Wang JW, Ding L, Li J, Wang C, Hu B, Liu Y, Zhang XD, Wang JJ, Wang ZJ, Zhao W, Liu HM. Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationship of Novel LSD1 Inhibitors Based on Pyrimidine–Thiourea Hybrids As Potent, Orally Active Antitumor Agents. J Med Chem 2015; 58:1705-16. [PMID: 25610955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Sai-Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lu-Ping Pang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jun-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lina Ding
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Biao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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24
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Ma LY, Pang LP, Wang B, Zhang M, Hu B, Xue DQ, Shao KP, Zhang BL, Liu Y, Zhang E, Liu HM. Design and synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole-pyrimidine hybrids as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:368-80. [PMID: 25180925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Ma
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Lu-Ping Pang
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Miao Zhang
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Biao Hu
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Deng-Qi Xue
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Kun-Peng Shao
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Bao-Le Zhang
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - En Zhang
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- New Drug Research & Development Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Avenue Kexue, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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25
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Košiová I, Šimák O, Panova N, Buděšínský M, Petrová M, Rejman D, Liboska R, Páv O, Rosenberg I. Inhibition of human thymidine phosphorylase by conformationally constrained pyrimidine nucleoside phosphonic acids and their “open-structure” isosteres. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:145-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Baszczyňski O, Janeba Z. Medicinal Chemistry of Fluorinated Cyclic and Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates. Med Res Rev 2013; 33:1304-44. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Baszczyňski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i. Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Zlatko Janeba
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; v.v.i. Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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27
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of some pyrimidine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 66:276-95. [PMID: 23811090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Some novel pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives bearing various substituent have been synthesized. The structures of target compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral data. Some selected members of the newly synthesized compounds were investigated for their cytotoxic potency against certain human tumor cell lines. Five representative active anticancer compounds 6a, 6c, 6d, 17a and 18a were subjected to docking using MOE program on the 3D structure of two enzymes, namely; thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri and Candida albicans. Compounds 2c, 7a and 9c showed broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
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28
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Sun L, Bera H, Chui WK. Synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine derivatives as inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 65:1-11. [PMID: 23688695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is an enzyme that promotes tumor growth and metastasis and therefore is an attractive druggable target. Using a reported TP inhibitor, 7-deazaxanthine (7DX), as the lead compound; this study was set up to evaluate whether pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-2,4-diones and pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-2-thioxo-4-ones would exhibit TP inhibitory activity. The pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine nucleus was constructed using a reaction that annulated the 1,3,5-triazine ring onto a pyrazole scaffold. Among the 52 compounds synthesized and tested, it was found that 1,3-dihydro-pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-2-thioxo-4-ones exhibited various extent of inhibitory activity against TP. The best compound 17p, which bears a para-substituted pentafluorosulfur group, showed an IC50 value of 0.04 μM, which was around 800 times more potent than the 7DX (IC50 = 32 μM) under the same bioassay conditions. The results of the study suggested that a substituent with +σ and +π properties inserted at position 4 of a phenyl ring that is attached to position 8 of the pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-2-thioxo-4-one scaffold would give excellent TP inhibitory action. In addition, 17p was found to be a non-competitive inhibitor thus suggested that it might interact with TP at a position different from the substrate binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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29
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Pomeisl K, Horská K, Pohl R, Blažek J, Krečmerová M. Syntheses of 1-[2-(Phosphonomethoxy)Alkyl] thymine monophosphates and an evaluation of their inhibitory activity toward human thymidine phosphorylase. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2012; 31:159-71. [PMID: 22356232 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2011.648361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of new monophosphates of 1-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)alkyl]thymines, such as PMPTp(,) 3-MeO-PMPTp, HPMPTp, and FPMPTp, were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit human thymidine phosphorylase. Kinetic measurements of enzyme activity were performed using thymidine and inorganic phosphate as the substrates. The data show that some monophosphates provide a considerable increase of the multisubstrate inhibitory effect. The highest inhibitory potency was found with (R)-FPMPTp 4c (K (i) (dT) = 4.09 ± 0.47 μM, K (i)(P(i)) = 2.13 ± 0.29 μM) and (R) 3-MeO-PMPTp 4d (K (i) (dT) = 5.78 ± 0.71 μM, K (i)(P(i)) = 2.71 ± 0.37 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Pomeisl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i. , Prague, Czech Republic.
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30
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Solomyannyi RN, Slivchuk SR, Vasilenko AN, Rusanov EB, Brovarets VS. Synthesis of 3-amino-1-benzyl-4-benzenesulfonyl-2-carbonitrilo-1H-pyrrole and preparation of related pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363212020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Diab SA, De Schutter C, Muzard M, Plantier-Royon R, Pfund E, Lequeux T. Fluorophosphonylated Nucleoside Derivatives as New Series of Thymidine Phosphorylase Multisubstrate Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2758-68. [DOI: 10.1021/jm201694y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Amel Diab
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS
6507 and FR3038, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin,
14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Coralie De Schutter
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS
6507 and FR3038, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin,
14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Murielle Muzard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 6229, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, BP 1039,
51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Richard Plantier-Royon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 6229, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, BP 1039,
51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Emmanuel Pfund
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS
6507 and FR3038, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin,
14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Lequeux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, UMR CNRS
6507 and FR3038, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 6 Boulevard du Maréchal Juin,
14050 Caen Cedex, France
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Dayde B, Benzaria S, Pierra C, Gosselin G, Surleraux D, Volle JN, Pirat JL, Virieux D. Synthesis of a new family of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates, analogues of TPases transition states. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3448-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25131k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Kundarapu M, Marchand D, Dumbre SG, Herdewijn P. Synthesis of new acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) substituted on the 1′ and/or 2′ positions. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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34
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De Clercq E. The next ten stories on antiviral drug discovery (part E): advents, advances, and adventures. Med Res Rev 2011; 31:118-60. [PMID: 19844936 PMCID: PMC7168424 DOI: 10.1002/med.20179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review article presents the fifth part (part E) in the series of stories on antiviral drug discovery. The ten stories belonging to this fifth part are dealing with (i) aurintricarboxylic acid; (ii) alkenyldiarylmethanes; (iii) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrase inhibitors; (iv) lens epithelium‐derived growth factor as a potential target for HIV proviral DNA integration; (v) the status presens of neuraminidase inhibitors NAIs in the control of influenza virus infections; (vi) the status presens on respiratory syncytial virus inhibitors; (vii) tricyclic (1,N‐2‐ethenoguanine)‐based acyclovir and ganciclovir derivatives; (viii) glycopeptide antibiotics as antivirals targeted at viral entry; (ix) the potential (off‐label) use of cidofovir in the treatment of polyoma (JC and BK) virus infections; and (x) finally, thymidine phosphorylase as a target for both antiviral and anticancer agents. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 31, No. 1, 118–160, 2010
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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35
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Komissarov VV, Panova NG, Kritzyn AM. Polymethylene derivatives of nucleic bases with ω-functional groups: VI. [8-(2-oxocyclohexyl)-9-oxooctyl]pyrimidines as potential inhibitors of pyrimidine phosphorylases. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011; 34:75-82. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162008010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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8-Aza-7,9-dideazaxanthine acyclic nucleoside phosphonate inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:652-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Komissarov VV, Kritzyn AM, Vepsäläinen JJ. A novel and efficient method to prepare 2-aryltetrahydrofuran-2-ylphosphonic acids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2010; 6:63. [PMID: 20625523 PMCID: PMC2900910 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.6.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel one-pot method was developed for the synthesis of the title compounds starting from 4-chloro-1-aryl-1-butanones 1, phosphorus trichloride and acetic acid. The end products 2 were obtained in 20-94% yield. The cyclization step under acidic conditions probably occurs as a result of anchimeric assistance of the phosphonic acid group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vsevolod V Komissarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov St., 32, Moscow 119991, Russia
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38
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McNally VA, Rajabi M, Gbaj A, Stratford IJ, Edwards PN, Douglas KT, Bryce RA, Jaffar M, Freeman S. Design, synthesis and enzymatic evaluation of 6-bridged imidazolyluracil derivatives as inhibitors of human thymidine phosphorylase. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 59:537-47. [PMID: 17430637 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.4.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A series of novel imidazolyluracil conjugates were rationally designed and synthesised to probe the active site constraints of the angiogenic enzyme, thymidine phosphorylase (TP, E.C. 2.4.2.4). The lead compound in the series, 15d, showed good binding in the active site of human TP with an inhibition in the low μM range. The absence of a methylene bridge between the uracil and the imidazolyl sub-units (series 16) decreased potency (up to 3-fold). Modelling suggested that active site residues Arg202, Ser217 and His116 are important for inhibitor binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia A McNally
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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39
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Structural diversity of nucleoside phosphonic acids as a key factor in the discovery of potent inhibitors of rat T-cell lymphoma thymidine phosphorylase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:862-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Bronckaers A, Gago F, Balzarini J, Liekens S. The dual role of thymidine phosphorylase in cancer development and chemotherapy. Med Res Rev 2009; 29:903-53. [PMID: 19434693 PMCID: PMC7168469 DOI: 10.1002/med.20159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP), also known as "platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor" (PD-ECGF), is an enzyme, which is upregulated in a wide variety of solid tumors including breast and colorectal cancers. TP promotes tumor growth and metastasis by preventing apoptosis and inducing angiogenesis. Elevated levels of TP are associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Therefore, TP inhibitors are synthesized in an attempt to prevent tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. TP is also indispensable for the activation of the extensively used 5-fluorouracil prodrug capecitabine, which is clinically used for the treatment of colon and breast cancer. Clinical trials that combine capecitabine with TP-inducing therapies (such as taxanes or radiotherapy) suggest that increasing TP expression is an adequate strategy to enhance the antitumoral efficacy of capecitabine. Thus, TP plays a dual role in cancer development and therapy: on the one hand, TP inhibitors can abrogate the tumorigenic and metastatic properties of TP; on the other, TP activity is necessary for the activation of several chemotherapeutic drugs. This duality illustrates the complexity of the role of TP in tumor progression and in the clinical response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Gago
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, B‐3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U.Leuven, B‐3000 Leuven, Belgium
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41
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Use of Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction in the rapid synthesis of 5-aryl-6-(phosphonomethoxy)uracils and evaluation of their inhibitory effect towards human thymidine phosphorylase. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Diab SA, Hienzch A, Lebargy C, Guillarme S, Pfund E, Lequeux T. Synthesis of fluorophosphonylated acyclic nucleotide analogues via copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1-3 dipolar cycloaddition. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4481-90. [PMID: 19830299 DOI: 10.1039/b912724k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of several acyclonucleosides containing both a difluoromethylphosphonate group and a triazole moiety is described starting from a difluorophosphonosulfide. The key step of the synthesis involves a copper(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1-3 dipolar cycloaddition between difluorophosphonylated azides and propargylated nucleobases derived from thymine and 2-amino-6-chloropurine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Amel Diab
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thioorganique, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-CNRS 6507, FR3038, 6 Bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050, Caen Cedex, France
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43
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Koszytkowska-Stawińska M, De Clercq E, Balzarini J. Synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of acyclic 2'-azanucleosides bearing a phosphonomethoxy function in the side chain. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:3756-62. [PMID: 19442526 PMCID: PMC7126109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acyclic 2′-azanucleosides with a phosphonomethoxy function in the side chain were obtained by coupling of diethyl {2-[N-(pivaloyloxymethyl)-N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)amino]ethoxymethyl}phosphonate with the pyrimidine nucleobases via the Vorbrüggen-type protocol. The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against a broad variety of RNA and DNA viruses.
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44
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Komissarov VV, Volgareva GM, Ol’shanskaya YS, Chernyshova ME, Zavalishina LE, Frank GA, Shtil’ AA, Kritzyn AM. Polymethylene derivatives of nucleic bases with ω-functional groups: VII. Cytotoxicity in the series of N-(2-oxocyclohexyl)-ω-oxoalkyl-substituted purines and pyrimidines. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2009; 35:84-94. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162009010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gbaj A, Edwards PN, Reigan P, Freeman S, Jaffar M, Douglas KT. Thymidine phosphorylase fromEscherichia coli: Tight-binding inhibitors as enzyme active-site titrants. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2008; 21:69-73. [PMID: 16570508 DOI: 10.1080/14756360500424010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.4) catalyses the reversible phosphorolysis of pyrimidine 2'-deoxynucleosides, forming 2-deoxyribose-1-phosphate and pyrimidine. 5-Chloro-6-(2-imino-pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl-uracil hydrochloride (TPI, 1) and its 5-bromo analogue (2), 6-(2-amino-imidazol-1-yl)methyl-5-bromo-uracil (3) and its 5-chloro analogue (4) act as tight-binding stoichiometric inhibitors of recombinant E. coli thymidine phosphorylase, and thus can be used as the first active-site titrants for it using either thymidine or 5-nitro-2'-deoxyuridine as substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Gbaj
- Wolfson Centre for Rational Structure-Based Design of Molecular Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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46
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Diab SA, Sene A, Pfund E, Lequeux T. Efficient Synthesis of Fluorophosphonylated Alkyles by Ring-Opening Reaction of Cyclic Sulfates. Org Lett 2008; 10:3895-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol801443s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Amel Diab
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-CNRS 6507, 6 Bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Aboubacary Sene
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-CNRS 6507, 6 Bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Pfund
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-CNRS 6507, 6 Bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Lequeux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-CNRS 6507, 6 Bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen Cedex, France
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Pomeisl K, Votruba I, Holý A, Pohl R. Syntheses of pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates as potent inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase (PD-ECGF) from SD-lymphoma. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2008; 26:1025-8. [PMID: 18058530 DOI: 10.1080/15257770701508679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we synthesized a series of pyrimidine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates bearing a number of substituents in C-5 position of uracil moiety and in the N-1-side chain. In addition, we have investigated in particular the novel syntheses of fluorinated derivatives substituted in the N-1-side chain and uracil C-5 position because fluorine-containing substituents are often powerful modifiers of chemical and biological properties. The obtained compounds exhibit a considerable inhibitory potency of thymidine phosphorylase from SD-lymphoma. In contrast, the synthesized phosphonates are not efficient inhibitors of E. coli and human thymidine phosphorylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Pomeisl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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48
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Syntheses of N3-substituted thymine acyclic nucleoside phosphonates and a comparison of their inhibitory effect towards thymidine phosphorylase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1364-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2007] [Revised: 01/02/2008] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Liekens S, Bronckaers A, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Balzarini J. Targeting platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase for cancer therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 74:1555-67. [PMID: 17572389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 05/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is a key enzyme in the pyrimidine nucleoside salvage pathway, but it also recognizes and inactivates various anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, TP is identical to platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), an angiogenic factor with anti-apoptotic properties. Increased expression of PD-ECGF/TP is found in many tumor and stromal cells, and elevated TP levels are associated with aggressive disease and/or poor prognosis. Thus, progression and metastasis of TP-expressing tumors might be abrogated by TP inhibitors that are used as single agents or in combination with (TP-sensitive) nucleoside analogues. On the other hand, increased TP activity in tumors may be exploited for the tumor-specific activation of fluoropyrimidine prodrugs, such as capecitabine. This review will focus on the different biological activities of PD-ECGF/TP and their implications for cancer progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, K.U. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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50
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Pomeisl K, Holý A, Pohl R. Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions in the synthesis of 5-aryl-1-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]uracils as potential multisubstrate inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.02.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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