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Saloutin VI, Goryaeva MV, Kushch SO, Khudina OG, Ezhikova MA, Kodess MI, Slepukhin PA, Burgart YV. Competitive ways for three-component cyclization of polyfluoroalkyl-3-oxo esters, methyl ketones and amino alcohols. PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The competitive routes were found for three-component cyclization of polyfluoroalkyl-3-oxo esters, methyl ketones with 3-amino alcohols. It was shown that the reactions with 3-aminopropanol in 1,4-dioxane predominantly lead to hexahydropyrido[2,1-b][1,3]oxazin-6-ones, and in ethanol to 3-hydroxypropylaminocyclohexenones. In contrast, cyclizations with 2-aminoethanol and its analogues, regardless of the reaction conditions, yield hexahydrooxazolo[3,2-a]pyridin-5-ones as the main products. The trans- and cis-diastereomeric structure of heterocycles was established using X-ray and 1H, 19F, 13C NMR spectroscopy, 2D 1H-13C HSQC and HMBC experiments. The mechanism is proposed for competitive transformations of polyfluoroalkyl-3-oxo esters, methyl ketones with 3-amino alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor I. Saloutin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
| | - Marina V. Goryaeva
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana O. Kushch
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
| | - Olga G. Khudina
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
| | - Marina A. Ezhikova
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail I. Kodess
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
| | - Pavel A. Slepukhin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
| | - Yanina V. Burgart
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences , Ekaterinburg , Russian Federation
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2
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Traceless Solid-Phase Synthesis of [6,7,8 + 5,6,7]-Fused Molecular Frameworks. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051090. [PMID: 29734722 PMCID: PMC6102595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report two synthetic strategies for traceless solid-phase synthesis of molecular scaffolds comprising 6- to 8-membered rings fused with 5- to 7-membered rings. Traceless synthesis facilitated preparation of target molecules without any trace of polymer-supported linkers. The cyclization proceeded via acid-mediated tandem N-acylium ion formation followed by the nucleophilic addition of O- and C-nucleophiles. The presented synthetic strategy enabled, through the use of simple building blocks without any conformational preferences, the evaluation of the predisposition of different combinations of ring sizes to form fused ring molecular scaffolds. Compounds with any combination of [6,7 + 5,6,7] ring sizes were accessible with excellent crude purity. The 8-membered cyclic iminium was successfully fused only with the 5-membered cycle and larger fused ring systems were not formed, probably due to their instability.
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3
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Atmuri NDP, Lubell WD. Insight into Transannular Cyclization Reactions To Synthesize Azabicyclo[X.Y.Z]alkanone Amino Acid Derivatives from 8-, 9-, and 10-Membered Macrocyclic Dipeptide Lactams. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4904-18. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. D. Prasad Atmuri
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station
Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Station
Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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4
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Pinyol E, Frutos S, Grillo-Bosch D, Giralt E, Clotet B, Esté JA, Diez A. Applications of 3-aminolactams: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a library of potential dimerisation inhibitors of HIV1-protease. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4348-54. [PMID: 22546925 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25291k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the context of our studies on the applications of 3-aminolactams as conformationally restricted pseudodipeptides, we report here the synthesis of a library of potential dimerisation inhibitors of HIV1-protease. Two of the pseudopeptides were active on the wild type virus (HIV1) at micromolar levels (EC(50)). Although the peptides showed lower anti-viral activity than previously reported dimerisation inhibitors, our results demonstrate that the piperidone moiety does not prevent cell penetration, and hence that such derivatization is compatible with potential anti-HIV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulàlia Pinyol
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Lawandi J, Toumieux S, Seyer V, Campbell P, Thielges S, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Moitessier N. Constrained Peptidomimetics Reveal Detailed Geometric Requirements of Covalent Prolyl Oligopeptidase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6672-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janice Lawandi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Sylvestre Toumieux
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Valentine Seyer
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Philip Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | - Sabine Thielges
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
| | | | - Nicolas Moitessier
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2K6
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Solanas C, de la Torre BG, Fernández-Reyes M, Santiveri CM, Jiménez MA, Rivas L, Jiménez AI, Andreu D, Cativiela C. Therapeutic index of gramicidin S is strongly modulated by D-phenylalanine analogues at the beta-turn. J Med Chem 2009; 52:664-74. [PMID: 19132829 PMCID: PMC2659738 DOI: 10.1021/jm800886n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Analogues of the cationic antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S (GS), cyclo(Val-Orn-Leu-D-Phe-Pro)2, with d-Phe residues replaced by different (restricted mobility, mostly) surrogates have been synthesized and used in SAR studies against several pathogenic bacteria. While all D-Phe substitutions are shown by NMR to preserve the overall beta-sheet conformation, they entail subtle structural alterations that lead to significant modifications in biological activity. In particular, the analogue incorporating D-Tic (1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid) shows a modest but significant increase in therapeutic index, mostly due to a sharp decrease in hemolytic effect. The fact that NMR data show a shortened distance between the D-Tic aromatic ring and the Orn delta-amino group may help explain the improved antibiotic profile of this analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Solanas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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7
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Huang PQ, Chen W, Zheng X, Ruan YP. Facile Syntheses of Three Ahp-Type Building Blocks with Complementary Reactivity. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-s(d)35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Synthesis of a bicyclic δ-amino acid as a constrained Gly-Asn dipeptide isostere. Amino Acids 2008; 35:37-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Trabocchi A, Scarpi D, Guarna A. Structural diversity of bicyclic amino acids. Amino Acids 2007; 34:1-24. [PMID: 17701095 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the years biomedical research has been constantly oriented towards the development of new therapeutics based on bioactive peptides and their analogues. In particular, the generation of compounds having structures and functions similar to bioactive peptides, named "peptidomimetics", raised much interest among organic and medicinal chemists due to the possibility by using such compounds to improve both potency and stability of peptidic lead compounds. In the context of this research area, unnatural amino acids are of great interest in drug discovery, and their use as new building blocks for the development of peptidomimetics with high diversity level and possessing high-ordered structures is of special interest. In particular, medicinal chemistry has taken advantage of the use of amino acid homologues and of cyclic and polycyclic templates to introduce elements of diversity for the generation of new molecules as drug candidates. Bicyclic amino acids have been developed as reverse turn mimetics and dipeptide isosteres, and the constraint imposed by their structures has been reported as a tool for controlling the conformational preferences of modified peptides. Moreover, synthetic efforts have been driven to the generation of diverse structures based on the modulation of ring size and scaffold decoration by suitable functional groups. Herein is reported an overview of different classes of bicyclic amino acids, taking into account the strategies to achieve structurally diverse templates, and some implications in medicinal chemistry are also disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trabocchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica Ugo Schiff, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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10
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Chiou WH, Mizutani N, Ojima I. Highly efficient synthesis of azabicyclo[x.y.0]alkane amino acids and congeners by means of Rh-catalyzed cyclohydrocarbonylation. J Org Chem 2007; 72:1871-82. [PMID: 17346029 PMCID: PMC2527597 DOI: 10.1021/jo061692y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient method for the synthesis of 1-azabicyclo[x.y.0]alkane amino acid derivatives and their congeners by means of extremely regioselective cyclohydrocarbonylation (CHC) is described. The CHC reactions are catalyzed by Rh-BIPHEPHOS complex under mild conditions. These CHC reaction processes involve (i) an extremely linear-selective hydroformylation of the terminal alkene moiety of a dehydrodipeptide substrate, (ii) intramolecular condensation to form cyclic N-acyliminium key intermediate, and (iii) the second cyclization through intramolecular nucleophilic addition of a heteoatom nucleophile to the cyclic N-acyliminium moiety to afford the corresponding 1-azabicyclo[x.y.0] system. This consecutive double cyclization process proceeds with extremely high diastereoselectivity in most cases. This method has been successfully applied to the syntheses of 1-azabicyclo[4.4.0], -[5.4.0], and -[4.3.0] systems. The mechanisms of the reactions and the rationale for the observed extremely high diastereoselectivity are presented. This Rh-catalyzed CHC process would serve as a highly efficient and versatile method for the syntheses of a variety of conformationally restrained dipeptides, peptidomimetics, alkaloids, and other biologically active natural or unnatural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Chiou
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
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11
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Danieli E, Trabocchi A, Menchi G, Guarna A. Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Constrained β-Turn Mimetics Incorporating a Bicyclic Turn Inducer by Use of the Petasis Three-Component Reaction on Solid Phase. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Seide W, Watson SE. Improved Synthesis of 7,5‐Fused Bicyclic Lactams for Use as Peptidomimetics. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-200051719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesly Seide
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Long Island University , Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Samuel E. Watson
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Long Island University , Brooklyn, New York, USA
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13
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Morales O, Seide W, Watson SE. Synthesis of 7,6‐Fused Bicyclic Lactams for Use as Beta‐Turn Mimics. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910500466496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Morales
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Long Island University , Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Wesley Seide
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Long Island University , Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Samuel E. Watson
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Long Island University , Brooklyn, New York, USA
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14
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Tremmel P, Geyer A. Pyridone Dipeptides - Synthesis of a Novel Peptide Chromophore. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Manzoni L, Arosio D, Belvisi L, Bracci A, Colombo M, Invernizzi D, Scolastico C. Functionalized Azabicycloalkane Amino Acids by Nitrone 1,3-Dipolar Intramolecular Cycloaddition. J Org Chem 2005; 70:4124-32. [PMID: 15876105 DOI: 10.1021/jo0500683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] An efficient and operationally simple method for the synthesis of functionalized azaoxobicyclo[X.3.0]alkane amino acids has been devised. The key step is an intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition on 5-allyl- or 5-homoallylproline that was found to be completely regio- and stereoselective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Manzoni
- C.N.R.-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, and Centro Interdisciplinare Studi bio-molecolari e applicazioni Industriali, Via Venezian 21, I-20133, Milano, Italy.
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16
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17
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Balducci D, Grandi A, Porzi G, Sabatino P, Sandri S. Stereoselective synthesis of pseudotripeptides incorporating uncommon bis-α-aminoacid derivatives and X-ray analysis. Part 3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Nan F. Construction of a 3-Amino-2-pyridone Library by Ring-Closing Metathesis of α-Amino Acrylamide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 6:684-7. [PMID: 15360199 DOI: 10.1021/cc049939x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Chen
- Chinese National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shou Jing Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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19
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García M, del Rio X, Silvestre S, Rubiralta M, Lozoya E, Segarra V, Fernández D, Miralpeix M, Aparici M, Diez A. Design, synthesis and biological activity of a targeted library of potential tryptase inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 2:1633-42. [PMID: 15162216 DOI: 10.1039/b403629h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have designed, synthesized, and tested two small collections of potential tryptase inhibitors. The first library consists of diversely N-substituted 3-aminopiperidin-2-ones 6, and the second (compounds 7) was prepared by dimerising compounds 6 through the 3-amino function using diverse carbon chains. We have established efficient routes for obtaining 6 both in solution and on solid supports. We have also compared the dimerisation on-resin and in solution. Four of the compounds showed a high degree of tryptase inhibition at 1 microM, but none surpassed the tryptase inhibition activity of BABIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica García
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Blomberg D, Hedenström M, Kreye P, Sethson I, Brickmann K, Kihlberg J. Synthesis and Conformational Studies of a β-Turn Mimetic Incorporated in Leu-enkephalin. J Org Chem 2004; 69:3500-8. [PMID: 15132562 DOI: 10.1021/jo0356863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A beta-turn mimetic in which the four amino acids of a beta-turn have been replaced by a 10-membered ring has been designed, synthesized, and subjected to conformational studies. In the mimetic, the intramolecular CO(i)-HN(i)(+3) hydrogen bond that is often found in beta-turns has been replaced by an ethylene bridge. In addition, the amide bond between residues i and i + 1 was exchanged for a methylene ether isoster. Such a beta-turn mimetic, based on the first four residues of Leu-enkephalin (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu), was prepared in 15 steps. The synthesis relied on a beta-azido alcohol prepared in five steps from Cbz-Tyr(tBu)-OH as a key, i-position building block. tert-Butyl bromoacetate, glycine, and a Phe-Leu dipetide were then used as building blocks for positions i + 1, i + 2, and i + 3, respectively. Conformational studies based on (1)H NMR data showed that the beta-turn mimetic was flexible, but that it resembled a type-II beta-turn at low temperature. This low energy conformer closely resembled the structure determined for crystalline Leu-enkephalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Blomberg
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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21
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Enantioselective synthesis of pseudotripeptides incorporating a γ-methylene derivative of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid: Part 6. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Ecija M, Diez A, Rubiralta M, Casamitjana N, Kogan MJ, Giralt E. Synthesis of 3-aminolactams as X-Gly constrained pseudodipeptides and conformational study of a Trp-Gly surrogate. J Org Chem 2004; 68:9541-53. [PMID: 14656078 DOI: 10.1021/jo035151+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3-Amino-delta-valerolactams trans-11a-c were synthesized through conjugate addition and Curtius rearrangement and converted into Fmoc-[Trp-Gly], Fmoc-[Ile-Gly], and Fmoc-[Phe-Gly] pseudodipeptides. Conformational analyses of tripeptide analogues Ac-[Trp-Gly]-Leu-NH(2) 17a and 17b by NMR experiments and molecular modeling calculations showed that diastereomer 17a adopted a gamma-turn/distorted type II beta-turn structure, whereas diastereomer 17b adopted mainly a gamma-turn structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ecija
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028-Barcelona, Spain, and Parc Científic de Barcelona, c/ Josep Samitier, 1-5, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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23
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Artale E, Banfi G, Belvisi L, Colombo L, Colombo M, Manzoni L, Scolastico C. Synthesis of substituted conformationally constrained 6,5- and 7,5-fused bicyclic lactams as dipeptide mimics. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)01018-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Bencsik JR, Kercher T, O'Sullivan M, Josey JA. Efficient, stereoselective synthesis of oxazolo[3,2-a]pyrazin-5-ones: novel bicyclic lactam scaffolds from the bicyclocondensation of 3-aza-1,5-ketoacids and amino alcohols. Org Lett 2003; 5:2727-30. [PMID: 12868900 DOI: 10.1021/ol030065h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The bicyclocondensation of 3-aza-1,5-ketoacids and amino alcohols furnished novel oxazolo[3,2-a]pyrazin-5-one scaffolds possessing angular, ring junction substituents in high yield with excellent levels of substrate-based diastereocontrol. Mild oxidation of serinol-derived scaffolds provided access to a new class of constrained dipeptide surrogates. Deprotection of the endocyclic amine contained within these scaffolds allows for further diversification via N-functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef R Bencsik
- Array BioPharma, 3200 Walnut Street, Boulder, Colorado 80301, USA
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25
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Gu X, Cowell S, Ying J, Tang X, Hruby VJ. Synthesis of β-phenyl-δ,ε-unsaturated amino acids and stereoselective introduction of side chain groups into [4,3,0]-bicyclic β-turn dipeptides. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)01383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Hoffmann T, Waibel R, Gmeiner P. A general approach to dehydro-Freidinger lactams: ex-chiral pool synthesis and spectroscopic evaluation as potential reverse turn inducers. J Org Chem 2003; 68:62-9. [PMID: 12515462 DOI: 10.1021/jo0261653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Starting from natural alpha-amino acids, a practical synthesis of the dehydro-Freidinger lactams 9a-h based on the ring-closing olefin metathesis reaction was investigated. The presented examples comprise 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, and 10-membered cyclic dipeptide mimics. Structural variations were demonstrated. We approached the metathesis precursors 8a-h employing an N-alkylation/peptide-coupling strategy. Subsequent ring closure was promoted by the ruthenium-based catalyst 10a or 10b. The resulting tetraresidue 11d was shown to undergo intramolecular hydrogen bonding based on NMR and FT-IR studies. Thus, the development of dehydro-Freidinger lactams as potential reverse turn inducers stabilizing an intramolecular NH(i+3)...CO(i) hydrogen-bond was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hoffmann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Schuhstr. 19, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
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27
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Emtenäs H, Ahlin K, Pinkner JS, Hultgren SJ, Almqvist F. Design and parallel solid-phase synthesis of ring-fused 2-pyridinones that target pilus biogenesis in pathogenic bacteria. JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY 2002; 4:630-9. [PMID: 12425608 DOI: 10.1021/cc020032d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the solid-phase synthesis of enantiomerically enriched highly substituted ring-fused 2-pyridinones 13 has been developed. The synthesis mediates introduction of substituents at two positions in the 2-pyridinone ring in a diverse manner and is suitable for parallel synthesis. (19)F NMR spectroscopy was used as a tool to monitor each of the five steps in the reaction sequence. The optimized conditions thus obtained were then used to prepare a library of 20 2-pyridinones with high yields. The library members were chosen from a statistical multivariate design to ensure diversity and reliable data for structure-activity relationships. Screening of the library against the bacterial periplasmic chaperone PapD was performed using surface plasmon resonance. Three new 2-pyridinones with a higher affinity for the chaperone PapD than the previous best 13[10,1] were found, and important structural features could be deduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Emtenäs
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Roy S, Lombart HG, Lubell WD, Hancock REW, Farmer SW. Exploring relationships between mimic configuration, peptide conformation and biological activity in indolizidin-2-one amino acid analogs of gramicidin S. THE JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PEPTIDE SOCIETY 2002; 60:198-214. [PMID: 12366527 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.2002.21026.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Indolizidin-2-one amino acids (I2aas, 6S- and 6R-1) possessing 6S- and 6R-ring-fusion stereochemistry were introduced into the antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S (GS) to explore the relationships between configuration, peptide conformation and biological activity. Solution-phase and solid-phase techniques were used to synthesize three analogs with I2aa residues in place of the d-Phe-Pro residues at the turn regions of GS: [(6S)-I2aa4-5,4'-5']GS (2), [Lys2,2',(6S)-I2aa4-5,4'-5']GS (3) and [(6R)-I2aa4-5,4'-5']GS (4). Although conformational analysis of [I2aa4-5,4'-5']GS analogs 2-4 indicated that both ring-fusion stereoisomers of I2aa gave peptides with CD and NMR spectral data characteristic of GS, the (6S)-I2aa analogs 2 and 3 exhibited more intense CD curve shapes, as well as greater numbers of nonsequential NOE between opposing Val and Leu residues, relative to the (6R)-I2aa analog 4, suggesting a greater propensity for the (6S)-diastereomer to adopt the beta-turn/antiparallel beta-pleated sheet conformation. In measurements of antibacterial and antifungal activity, the (6S)-I2aa analog 2 exhibited significantly better potency than the (6R)-I2aa diastereomer 4. Relative to GS, [(6S)-I2aa4-5,4'-5']GS (2) exhibited usually 1/2 to 1/4 antimicrobial activity as well as 1/4 hemolytic activity. In certain cases, antimicrobial and hemolytic activities of GS were shown to be dissociated through modification at the peptide turn regions with the (6S)-I2aa diastereomer. The synthesis and evaluation of GS analogs 2-4 has furnished new insight into the importance of ring-fusion stereochemistry for turn mimicry by indolizidin-2-one amino acids as well as novel antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Roy
- Département de chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Piró J, Forns P, Blanchet J, Bonin M, Micouin L, Diez A. Asymmetric synthesis of β-pseudopeptides from chiral 3,4-aziridinolactams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Xiong C, Wang W, Hruby VJ. A general asymmetric synthesis of syn- and anti-beta-substituted cysteine and serine derivatives. J Org Chem 2002; 67:3514-7. [PMID: 12003570 DOI: 10.1021/jo011172x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A stereodivergent synthetic route has been developed to make the optically pure anti- and syn-beta-substituted cysteine and serine derivatives. In this approach, the key intermediates, > 94% enantiomerically pure cyclic sulfates 3 and aziridines 7, were prepared from alpha,beta-unsaturated esters 1, employing the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation. The high regio- and stereoselective ring-opening reactions of cyclic sulfates and aziridines provided enantiomerically pure beta-substituted cysteine and serine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Oishi S, Niida A, Kamano T, Odagaki Y, Tamamura H, Otaka A, Hamanaka N, Fujii N. Diastereoselective synthesis of psi[(E)-CMe=CH]- and psi[(E)-CMe=CMe]- type dipeptide isosteres based on organocopper-mediated anti-S(N)2' reaction. Org Lett 2002; 4:1055-8. [PMID: 11922781 DOI: 10.1021/ol016835b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A straightforward synthetic route for the synthesis of diastereomerically pure psi[(E)-CMe=CH]- and psi[(E)-CMe=CMe]-type dipeptide isosteres was developed on the basis of regio- and stereoselective anti-S(N)2' alkylation of 3-(N-Boc-5-methyl-4-substituted-oxazolidin-2-on-5-yl)acrylates with organocopper reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Xiong C, Wang W, Cai C, Hruby VJ. Regioselective and stereoselective nucleophilic ring opening reactions of a phenyl-substituted aziridine: enantioselective synthesis of beta-substituted tryptophan, cysteine, and serine derivatives. J Org Chem 2002; 67:1399-402. [PMID: 11846696 DOI: 10.1021/jo010860d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric synthesis of beta-phenyl-substituted cysteine, tryptophan, and serine derivatives was successfully developed. In this approach, the key intermediate, enantiomerically pure 3-phenylaziridine-2-carboxylic ester 7, was prepared from alpha,beta-unsaturated ester 1 by employing the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation. The aziridine 7 was treated with 4-methoxybenzylthiol, indole, and acetic acid to give beta-phenyl-substituted cysteine, tryptophan, and serine, respectively, in a clean S(N)2 type ring opening at the C3 position. This general approach can be used to synthesize a variety of beta-substituted novel amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Five-Membered Ring Systems: With O & N Atoms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(01)80013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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