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Cavallaro PA, De Santo M, Belsito EL, Longobucco C, Curcio M, Morelli C, Pasqua L, Leggio A. Peptides Targeting HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells and Applications in Tumor Imaging and Delivery of Chemotherapeutics. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2476. [PMID: 37686984 PMCID: PMC10490457 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer represents the most common cancer type and one of the major leading causes of death in the female worldwide population. Overexpression of HER2, a transmembrane glycoprotein related to the epidermal growth factor receptor, results in a biologically and clinically aggressive breast cancer subtype. It is also the primary driver for tumor detection and progression and, in addition to being an important prognostic factor in women diagnosed with breast cancer, HER2 is a widely known therapeutic target for drug development. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of the main approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer proposed in the literature over the past decade. We focused on the different targeting strategies involving antibodies and peptides that have been explored with their relative outcomes and current limitations that need to be improved. The review also encompasses a discussion on targeted peptides acting as probes for molecular imaging. By using different types of HER2-targeting strategies, nanotechnology promises to overcome some of the current clinical challenges by developing novel HER2-guided nanosystems suitable as powerful tools in breast cancer imaging, targeting, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmira Alessia Cavallaro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.A.C.); (M.D.S.); (E.L.B.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Marzia De Santo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.A.C.); (M.D.S.); (E.L.B.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Emilia Lucia Belsito
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.A.C.); (M.D.S.); (E.L.B.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Camilla Longobucco
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.A.C.); (M.D.S.); (E.L.B.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Manuela Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.A.C.); (M.D.S.); (E.L.B.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Catia Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.A.C.); (M.D.S.); (E.L.B.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Luigi Pasqua
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Antonella Leggio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy; (P.A.C.); (M.D.S.); (E.L.B.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (C.M.)
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2
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Fermentative N-Methylanthranilate Production by Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060866. [PMID: 32521697 PMCID: PMC7356990 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-functionalized amino acid N-methylanthranilate is an important precursor for bioactive compounds such as anticancer acridone alkaloids, the antinociceptive alkaloid O-isopropyl N-methylanthranilate, the flavor compound O-methyl-N-methylanthranilate, and as a building block for peptide-based drugs. Current chemical and biocatalytic synthetic routes to N-alkylated amino acids are often unprofitable and restricted to low yields or high costs through cofactor regeneration systems. Amino acid fermentation processes using the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum are operated industrially at the million tons per annum scale. Fermentative processes using C. glutamicum for N-alkylated amino acids based on an imine reductase have been developed, while N-alkylation of the aromatic amino acid anthranilate with S-adenosyl methionine as methyl-donor has not been described for this bacterium. After metabolic engineering for enhanced supply of anthranilate by channeling carbon flux into the shikimate pathway, preventing by-product formation and enhancing sugar uptake, heterologous expression of the gene anmt encoding anthranilate N-methyltransferase from Ruta graveolens resulted in production of N-methylanthranilate (NMA), which accumulated in the culture medium. Increased SAM regeneration by coexpression of the homologous adenosylhomocysteinase gene sahH improved N-methylanthranilate production. In a test bioreactor culture, the metabolically engineered C. glutamicum C1* strain produced NMA to a final titer of 0.5 g·L−1 with a volumetric productivity of 0.01 g·L−1·h−1 and a yield of 4.8 mg·g−1 glucose.
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Temperini A, Aiello D, Mazzotti F, Athanassopoulos CM, De Luca P, Siciliano C. 2,3-Diaminopropanols Obtained from d-Serine as Intermediates in the Synthesis of Protected 2,3-l-Diaminopropanoic Acid (l-Dap) Methyl Esters. Molecules 2020; 25:E1313. [PMID: 32183079 PMCID: PMC7145313 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetic strategy for the preparation of two orthogonally protected methyl esters of the non-proteinogenic amino acid 2,3-l-diaminopropanoic acid (l-Dap) was developed. In these structures, the base-labile protecting group 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) was paired to the p-toluensulfonyl (tosyl, Ts) or acid-labile tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) moieties. The synthetic approach to protected l-Dap methyl esters uses appropriately masked 2,3-diaminopropanols, which are obtained via reductive amination of an aldehyde prepared from the commercial amino acid Nα-Fmoc-O-tert-butyl-d-serine, used as the starting material. Reductive amination is carried out with primary amines and sulfonamides, and the process is assisted by the Lewis acid Ti(OiPr)4. The required carboxyl group is installed by oxidizing the alcoholic function of 2,3-diaminopropanols bearing the tosyl or benzyl protecting group on the 3-NH2 site. The procedure can easily be applied using the crude product obtained after each step, minimizing the need for chromatographic purifications. Chirality of the carbon atom of the starting d-serine template is preserved throughout all synthetic steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Temperini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Donatella Aiello
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche (CTC), Via Ponte P. Bucci, Cubo 12D, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (D.A.); (F.M.)
| | - Fabio Mazzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche (CTC), Via Ponte P. Bucci, Cubo 12D, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (D.A.); (F.M.)
| | | | - Pierantonio De Luca
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Energetica e Gestionale, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy;
| | - Carlo Siciliano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
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Savitha MN, Suvilesh KN, Siddesha JM, Milan Gowda MD, Choudhury M, Velmurugan D, Umashankar M, Vishwanath BS. Combinatorial inhibition of Angiotensin converting enzyme, Neutral endopeptidase and Aminopeptidase N by N-methylated peptides alleviates blood pressure and fibrosis in rat model of dexamethasone-induced hypertension. Peptides 2020; 123:170180. [PMID: 31715212 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and aminopeptidase N (APN) are responsible for generation of vasoactive peptides that regulates vasoconstriction, vasodilation and natriuresis, which altogether regulate blood pressure. Cumulative inhibition of ACE, NEP and APN effectively blocks the progression of respective pathways. In this study, N-methylated peptide inhibitors F-N(Me)H-L, V-N(Me)F-R and R-N(Me)V-Y were synthesized against ACE, NEP and APN respectively, using their respective physiological substrates. F-N(Me)H-L inhibited ACE activity with an IC50 of 83 nmol/L, V-N(Me)F-R inhibited NEP activity with an IC50 of 1.173 μmol/L and R-N(Me)V-Y inhibited APN activity with an IC50 of 3.94 nmol/L respectively. Further, the anti-hypertensive effect of N-methylated peptides was evaluated using rat model of dexamethasone-induced hypertension. Individual peptides and their cocktail treatment were started from day 6 of the study period and blood pressure was measured on every alternate day during 15 day study. Administration of F-N(Me)H-L (138 ± 3 mmHg) and cocktail of all the three peptides at a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to dexamethasone group (SBP of Groups-dexamethasone; (167 ± 5 mmHg), F-N(Me)H-L (138 ± 3 mmHg), and Cocktail (122 ± 3 mmHg). Anti-hypertensive, anti-hypertrophic and anti-fibrotic effects of N-methylated peptides and cocktail was further reflected by the decreased levels of circulating Ang II and increased ANP levels in sera of hypertensive rats along with decrease in collagen deposition in heart and kidney. Though, ACE inhibition is adequate to reduce SBP, targeting NEP and APN along with ACE is beneficial in tackling hypertension and associated fibrosis of heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mysuru Natarajan Savitha
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, 570006, India
| | - Kanve Nagaraj Suvilesh
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, 570006, India
| | - Jalahalli Mariswamy Siddesha
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, 570006, India; Division of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher education and Research, Mysuru 570015
| | - M D Milan Gowda
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, 570006, India
| | - Manisha Choudhury
- Department of Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Chennai, 600005, India
| | - Devadasan Velmurugan
- Department of Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Chennai, 600005, India
| | - Muddegowda Umashankar
- Department of Chemistry, Karnataka State Open University, Mukthagangotri, Mysuru, 570006, India
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Comandè A, Greco M, Belsito EL, Liguori A, Leggio A. A titanium tetrachloride-based effective methodology for the synthesis of dipeptides. RSC Adv 2019; 9:22137-22142. [PMID: 35518841 PMCID: PMC9066614 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04058g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of dipeptide systems have been easily achieved through a TiCl4-assisted condensation reaction. The reaction of N-protected amino acids with amino acid methyl esters in pyridine and in the presence of TiCl4 furnished the corresponding dipeptides with high yields and diastereoselectivity. The reaction was successfully applied to amino acids protected on the α-amino function with different protecting groups. The adopted experimental conditions allowed preserving both the protecting groups on the α-amino function and on the side chain functionalities. Furthermore, the preservation of the stereochemical integrity at the amino acid chiral centres has been verified. The use of titanium tetrachloride as a condensing agent for the synthesis of dipeptide systems is reported.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Comandè
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende CS Italy +39 984 493265 +39 984 493199
| | - Marianna Greco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende CS Italy +39 984 493265 +39 984 493199
| | - Emilia Lucia Belsito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende CS Italy +39 984 493265 +39 984 493199
| | - Angelo Liguori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende CS Italy +39 984 493265 +39 984 493199
| | - Antonella Leggio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale I-87036 Arcavacata di Rende CS Italy +39 984 493265 +39 984 493199
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6
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Zarezin DP, Nenajdenko VG. Diazocarbonyl derivatives of amino acids: unique chiral building blocks for the synthesis of biologically active compounds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with applications of chiral α-amino diazoketones, α-amino acid derivatives, in the synthesis of various biologically active compounds. General approaches to the synthesis of chiral α-amino diazoketones, including the Arndt – Eistert reaction, acylation of trimethylsilyldiazomethanes, etc., are discussed. Due to the presence of three functional groups, these building blocks can be used to produce a wide range of organic compounds with potential physiological activity, ranging from various heterocyclic compounds to peptidomimetics. Methods for the synthesis of β-amino acid-containing peptides and depsipeptides, amino acid derivatives and heterocyclic compounds with three- to seven-membered rings are considered.
The bibliography includes 226 references.
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7
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Sharma A, Kumar A, Abdel Monaim SAH, Jad YE, El-Faham A, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. N-methylation in amino acids and peptides: Scope and limitations. Biopolymers 2018. [PMID: 29528112 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can be divided into two types, namely chemical and biological entities. Traditionally, the former has been associated with the so-called small molecules. The revival of peptides in pharmaceutical industry results from their importance in many biological roles. However, low metabolic stability and the lack of oral availability of most peptides is the main drawback for peptide to fulfill that paradigmatic situation. In this regard, efforts are being channeled into addressing this issue by introducing restrictions into the flexible peptide backbone, mainly through N-methyl amino acids (NMAAs) or development of small cyclic peptides. In many cases, both the above restrictions are combined with the aim to enhance oral availability. The synthesis of NMAAs is complex and their introduction into the peptide chain brings additional synthetic challenges and also sometimes leads to side-reactions. Here we discuss the most efficient methods for the synthesis of NMAAs (either in solution or in solid phase) and also their introduction into peptide sequences. Special attention is also given to the detection of side reactions and the most efficient way to prevent them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Sharma
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Shimaa A H Abdel Monaim
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Jad
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, 4001, South Africa.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
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8
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Leggio A, Bagalà J, Belsito EL, Comandè A, Greco M, Liguori A. Formation of amides: one-pot condensation of carboxylic acids and amines mediated by TiCl 4. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:87. [PMID: 29086872 PMCID: PMC5602818 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-017-0318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A general procedure for the synthesis of amides via the direct condensation of carboxylic acids and amines in the presence of TiCl4 is reported. The amidation reaction was performed in pyridine at 85 °C with a wide range of substrates providing the corresponding amide products in moderate to excellent yields and high purity. The reaction proceeds with low yields when both the carboxylic acid and the amine are sterically hindered. The process takes place with nearly complete preservation of the stereochemical integrity of chiral substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Leggio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata, CS, Italy.
| | - Jessica Bagalà
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata, CS, Italy
| | - Emilia Lucia Belsito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata, CS, Italy
| | - Alessandra Comandè
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata, CS, Italy
| | - Marianna Greco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata, CS, Italy
| | - Angelo Liguori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata, CS, Italy.
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9
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Amino acid chlorides: a journey from instability and racemization toward broader utility in organic synthesis including peptides and their mimetics. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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10
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Leggio A, Belsito E, Di Gioia M, Leotta V, Romio E, Siciliano C, Liguori A. Silver acetate-assisted formation of amides from acyl chlorides. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Li Z, Wu L, Zhang T, Huang Z, Qiu G, Zhou Z, Jin L. N-2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde acylhydrazone–Fe(iii) complex: synthesis, crystal structure and its efficient and selective N-methylation. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7554-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00121d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The n-acylhydrazone–Fe(iii) complexes permit ligand's amide N to be easily methylated and suppress the O-methylation side reactions of phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Lamei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Guofu Qiu
- College of Pharmacy
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Longfei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Wuhan, P. R. China
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12
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Di Gioia ML, Barattucci A, Bonaccorsi P, Leggio A, Minuti L, Romio E, Temperini A, Siciliano C. Deprotection/reprotection of the amino group in α-amino acids and peptides. A one-pot procedure in [Bmim][BF4] ionic liquid. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46599c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Siciliano C, De Marco R, Guidi LE, Spinella M, Liguori A. A One-Pot Procedure for the Preparation of N-9-Fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-α-amino Diazoketones from α-Amino Acids. J Org Chem 2012; 77:10575-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301657e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Siciliano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche,
Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata
di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rosaria De Marco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche,
Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata
di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Ludovica Evelin Guidi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche,
Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata
di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Mariagiovanna Spinella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche,
Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata
di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Angelo Liguori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche,
Edificio Polifunzionale, Università della Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata
di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
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14
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Saavedra CJ, Boto A, Hernández R. Synthesis of α,γ-Peptide Hybrids by Selective Conversion of Glutamic Acid Units. Org Lett 2012; 14:3542-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301552c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Saavedra
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alicia Boto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rosendo Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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15
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Leggio A, Belsito EL, De Marco R, Liguori A, Siciliano C, Spinella M. Simultaneous extraction and derivatization of amino acids and free fatty acids in meat products. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1241:96-102. [PMID: 22560349 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In meat products the contents of free amino acids and free fatty acids are two important parameters used to establish their quality. These compounds play a very important role in defining the sensorial characteristics and acceptability of meat products. An innovative procedure for the measurement of free amino acid and fatty acid contents in meat and meat derivatives was developed. A single experiment can be performed in order to determine simultaneously the free amino acid and free fatty acid profiles. The analytes of interest are rapidly extracted from the meat matrix and derivatized by using methyl chloroformate. This reagent allows the transformation of the two groups of analytes into the corresponding N-methyloxycarbonyl amino acid methyl esters and fatty acid methyl esters that can easily be extracted and sampled for their further identification and quantitation. The measurement of the obtained amino acid and fatty acid derivatives is performed by GC/MS analysis and their concentrations are calculated by using two appropriate internal standards. The main advantage of the proposed protocol is the determination at the same time of two important classes of analytes that are of great importance in food analysis and characterization. Moreover, minimal sample manipulation and preparation, and reduced total extraction times are required to obtain the response with respect to conventional procedures, in which instead the analysis of both the two classes of compounds must be performed separately. The helpfulness of the protocol was tested in the analysis of a cured meat product that is typical of the South of Italy. The optimized protocol successfully allowed the determination of thirteen free amino acids and six free fatty acids, namely those most abundant in the lipid content of the cured meat product under evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Leggio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
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De Marco R, Di Gioia ML, Liguori A, Perri F, Siciliano C, Spinella M. N-Alkylation of N-arylsulfonyl-α-amino acid methyl esters by trialkyloxonium tetrafluoroborates. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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De Marco R, Leggio A, Liguori A, Marino T, Perri F, Russo N. Site-selective methylation of N(beta)-nosyl hydrazides of N-nosyl protected alpha-amino acids. J Org Chem 2010; 75:3381-6. [PMID: 20405869 DOI: 10.1021/jo1003168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The methylation reaction of N(beta)-nosyl hydrazides of N-nosyl protected alpha-amino acids by using diazomethane shows a controlled regiochemical trend and makes it possible to obtain the corresponding products methylated at specific positions depending on the amount of diazomethane used. The observed selectivity is closely connected with the different acidity of sulfonyl hydrazide, sulfonamide, and acyl hydrazine protons present in the analyzed substrates. The reactivity order of these three diverse reactive sites is supported by theoretical calculations. The hydrazine derivatives considered in this work belong to a class of compounds with interesting biological activity and of great interest in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria De Marco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universit della Calabria, Ed. Polifunzionale, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Tasnádi G, Forró E, Fülöp F. Improved enzymatic syntheses of valuable β-arylalkyl-β-amino acid enantiomers. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:793-9. [PMID: 20135036 DOI: 10.1039/b920731g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Tasnádi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Hungary
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Sleebs BE, Van Nguyen TT, Hughes AB. Recent Advances in Stereoselective Synthesis and Application of β-Amino Acids. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00304940903376028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brad E. Sleebs
- a Department of Chemistry , La Trobe University , Victoria, 3086, Australia
- b The Walter and Elisa Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville , Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - T. T. Van Nguyen
- a Department of Chemistry , La Trobe University , Victoria, 3086, Australia
- b The Walter and Elisa Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville , Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Hughes
- a Department of Chemistry , La Trobe University , Victoria, 3086, Australia
- b The Walter and Elisa Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville , Victoria, 3052, Australia
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Saavedra C, Hernández R, Boto A, Álvarez E. Catalytic, One-Pot Synthesis of β-Amino Acids from α-Amino Acids. Preparation of α,β-Peptide Derivatives. J Org Chem 2009; 74:4655-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9004487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Saavedra
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, and Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-USe), Isla de la Cartuja, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosendo Hernández
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, and Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-USe), Isla de la Cartuja, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alicia Boto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, and Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-USe), Isla de la Cartuja, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, and Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-USe), Isla de la Cartuja, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
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Leggio A, Liguori A, Perri F, Siciliano C, Viscomi MC. Methylation of α-Amino Acids and Derivatives Using Trimethylsilyldiazomethane. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 73:287-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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