1
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Koike T. Fluoroalkyl Sulfoximines for Versatile Photocatalytic Radical Fluoroalkylations. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300032. [PMID: 36942940 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroalkyl sulfoximines, which serve as electron-accepting fluoroalkyl radical sources, are easy-to-handle, solid, and bench-stable chemicals. Fluoroalkyl radicals can be generated from sulfoximine reagents using strong one-electron injectors, such as a highly reducing photoredox catalyst in the excited state. Our group has developed photocatalytic radical di- and mono-fluoromethylation and α-monofluoroalkylation of olefins with the corresponding fluoroalkyl sulfoximines. In this personal account, appropriate combinations of fluoroalkyl sulfoximines and photoredox catalysts, leading to successful radical fluoroalkylation, have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Koike
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Fundamental Engineering Nippon Institute of Technology E24-315, 4-1 Gakuendai, Miyashiro-Machi, Minamisaitama-gun, Saitama, 345-8501, Japan
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2
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Jang Y, Deng W, Sprague IS, Lindsay VNG. Divergent Synthesis of β-Fluoroamides via Silver-Catalyzed Oxidative Deconstruction of Cyclopropanone Hemiaminals. Org Lett 2023; 25:5389-5394. [PMID: 37413978 PMCID: PMC10829026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
An expedient approach for the synthesis of challenging β-fluoroamides from readily accessible cyclopropanone equivalents is reported. Following the addition of pyrazole used here as a transient leaving group, silver-catalyzed regiospecific ring-opening fluorination of the resulting hemiaminal leads to a β-fluorinated N-acylpyrazole intermediate reactive to substitution with amines, ultimately affording β-fluoroamides. The process could also be extended to the synthesis of β-fluoroesters and γ-fluoroalcohols via the addition of alcohols or hydrides as terminal nucleophiles, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Jang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Weixia Deng
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Ivan S. Sprague
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Vincent N. G. Lindsay
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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3
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Panda C, Anny-Nzekwue O, Doyle LM, Gericke R, McDonald AR. Evidence for a High-Valent Iron-Fluoride That Mediates Oxidative C(sp 3)-H Fluorination. JACS AU 2023; 3:919-928. [PMID: 37006763 PMCID: PMC10052241 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
[FeII(NCCH3)(NTB)](OTf)2 (NTB = tris(2-benzimidazoylmethyl)amine, OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate) was reacted with difluoro(phenyl)-λ3-iodane (PhIF2) in the presence of a variety of saturated hydrocarbons, resulting in the oxidative fluorination of the hydrocarbons in moderate-to-good yields. Kinetic and product analysis point towards a hydrogen atom transfer oxidation prior to fluorine radical rebound to form the fluorinated product. The combined evidence supports the formation of a formally FeIV(F)2 oxidant that performs hydrogen atom transfer followed by the formation of a dimeric μ-F-(FeIII)2 product that is a plausible fluorine atom transfer rebound reagent. This approach mimics the heme paradigm for hydrocarbon hydroxylation, opening up avenues for oxidative hydrocarbon halogenation.
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4
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Mandal A, Jang J, Yang B, Kim H, Shin K. Palladium-Catalyzed Electrooxidative Hydrofluorination of Aryl-Substituted Alkenes with a Nucleophilic Fluorine Source. Org Lett 2023; 25:195-199. [PMID: 36583971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report an electrocatalytic hydrofluorination of aryl-substituted alkenes with a nucleophilic fluorine source. The merger of palladium catalysis with electrooxidation enables the transformation of various substrates ranging from styrenes to more challenging α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives to the corresponding benzylic fluorides. This method can also be applied to the late-stage modification of pharmaceutical derivatives. Mechanistic studies suggest that the generation of a high-valent palladium intermediate via anodic oxidation is the crucial step in this electrocatalytic hydrofluorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Baeho Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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5
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Wang F, Nishimoto Y, Yasuda M. Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective C−C Bond Insertion of Diazo Esters into Secondary Benzylic Halides for the Synthesis of α,β‐Diaryl‐β‐haloesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204462. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI) Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI) Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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6
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Wang F, Nishimoto Y, Yasuda M. Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective C–C Bond Insertion of Diazo Esters into Secondary Benzylic Halides for the Synthesis of α,β‐Diaryl‐β‐haloesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Osaka University School of Engineering Graduate School of Engineering: Osaka Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Applied Chemistry JAPAN
| | | | - Makoto Yasuda
- Osaka University Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871 Osaka JAPAN
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7
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Paik A, Paul S, Bhowmik S, Das R, Naveen T, Rana S. Recent Advances in First Row Transition Metal Mediated C‐H Halogenation of (Hetero)arenes and Alkanes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Paik
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Sabarni Paul
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Sabyasachi Bhowmik
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Rahul Das
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Togati Naveen
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry 395007 Surat INDIA
| | - Sujoy Rana
- University of North Bengal Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India, 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
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8
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Harry SA, Xiang MR, Holt E, Zhu A, Ghorbani F, Patel D, Lectka T. Hydroxy-directed fluorination of remote unactivated C(sp 3)–H bonds: a new age of diastereoselective radical fluorination. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7007-7013. [PMID: 35774162 PMCID: PMC9200124 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a photochemically induced, hydroxy-directed fluorination that addresses the prevailing challenge of high diastereoselectivity in this burgeoning field. Numerous simple and complex motifs showcase a spectrum of regio- and stereochemical outcomes based on the configuration of the hydroxy group. Notable examples include a long-sought switch in the selectivity of the refractory sclareolide core, an override of benzylic fluorination, and a rare case of 3,3′-difluorination. Furthermore, calculations illuminate a low barrier transition state for fluorination, supporting our notion that alcohols are engaged in coordinated reagent direction. A hydrogen bonding interaction between the innate hydroxy directing group and fluorine is also highlighted for several substrates with 19F–1H HOESY experiments, calculations, and more. We report a photochemical, hydroxy-directed fluorination that addresses the prevailing challenge of high diastereoselectivity. Numerous motifs showcase a range of regio- and stereochemical outcomes based on the configuration of the hydroxy group.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Andrew Harry
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Michael Richard Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Eric Holt
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Andrea Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Fereshte Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Dhaval Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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9
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Jiang YM, Yu Y, Wu SF, Yan H, Yuan Y, Ye KY. Electrochemical fluorosulfonylation of styrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11481-11484. [PMID: 34667999 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04813a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An environmentally friendly and efficient electrochemical fluorosulfonylation of styrenes has been developed. With the use of sulfonylhydrazides and triethylamine trihydrofluoride, a diverse array of β-fluorosulfones could be readily obtained. This reaction features mild conditions and a broad substrate scope, which could also be conveniently extended to a gram-scale preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Shao-Fen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Hong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Yaofeng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Ke-Yin Ye
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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10
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11
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Feng Z, Zhu B, Dong B, Cheng L, Li Y, Wang Z, Wu J. Visible-Light-Promoted Synthesis of α-CF2H-Substituted Ketones by Radical Difluoromethylation of Enol Acetates. Org Lett 2020; 23:508-513. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengqiang Feng
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Baoxiang Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Dong
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Li Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yunpu Li
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zechao Wang
- Division of Molecular Catalysis & Synthesis, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
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12
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Spencer ARA, Grainger R, Panigrahi A, Lepper TJ, Bentkowska K, Larrosa I. Transition metal-free cross-dehydrogenative arylation of unactivated benzylic C–H bonds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14479-14482. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06212j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cross-dehydrogenative arylation of benzylic C–H bonds with arenes provides straightforward access to synthetically useful 1,1-diarylmethanes, from readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. A. Spencer
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Rachel Grainger
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Thomas J. Lepper
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Katarzyna Bentkowska
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
| | - Igor Larrosa
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Natural Sciences
- University of Manchester
- Manchester M13 9PL
- UK
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13
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Kita Y, Shigetani S, Kamata K, Hara M. Benzylic C H fluorination over supported silver catalyst. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.110463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Li X, Shi X, Li X, Shi D. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed incorporation of fluorine-containing groups. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2213-2270. [PMID: 31598178 PMCID: PMC6774084 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorine chemistry plays an increasingly important role in pharmaceutical, agricultural, and materials industries. The incorporation of fluorine-containing groups into organic molecules can improve their chemical and physical properties, which attracts continuous interest in organic synthesis. Among various reported methods, transition-metal-catalyzed fluorination/fluoroalkylation has emerged as a powerful method for the construction of these compounds. This review attempts to describe the major advances in the transition-metal-catalyzed incorporation of fluorine, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethylthio, and trifluoromethoxy groups reported between 2011 and 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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15
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Nakayama Y, Ando G, Abe M, Koike T, Akita M. Keto-Difluoromethylation of Aromatic Alkenes by Photoredox Catalysis: Step-Economical Synthesis of α-CF2H-Substituted Ketones in Flow. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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16
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Paeth M, Carson W, Luo JH, Tierney D, Cao Z, Cheng MJ, Liu W. Copper-Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Benzylic Csp 3 -H Bonds. Chemistry 2018; 24:11559-11563. [PMID: 29905985 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Trifluoromethyl-containing compounds play a significant role in medicinal chemistry, materials and fine chemistry. Although direct C-H trifluoromethylation has been achieved on Csp2 -H bonds, direct conversion of Csp3 -H bonds to Csp3 -CF3 remains challenging. We report herein an efficient protocol for the selective trifluoromethylation of benzylic C-H bonds. This process is mediated by a combination CuIII -CF3 species and persulfate salts. A wide range of methylarenes can be selectively trifluoromethylated at the benzylic positions. A combination of experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies suggests that the reaction involves a radical intermediate and a CuIII -CF3 species as the CF3 transfer reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Paeth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651. E. High Street, Oxford, Ohio, 45056, USA
| | - William Carson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651. E. High Street, Oxford, Ohio, 45056, USA
| | - Jheng-Hua Luo
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - David Tierney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651. E. High Street, Oxford, Ohio, 45056, USA
| | - Zhi Cao
- Synfuels China, Beijing, 100195 and Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651. E. High Street, Oxford, Ohio, 45056, USA
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17
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Bume DD, Harry SA, Lectka T, Pitts CR. Catalyzed and Promoted Aliphatic Fluorination. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8803-8814. [PMID: 29894188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the last six years, the direct functionalization of aliphatic C-H (and C-C) bonds through user-friendly, radical-based fluorination reactions has emerged as an exciting research area in fluorine chemistry. Considering the historical narratives about the challenges of developing practical radical fluorination in organic frameworks, notable advancements in controlling both reactivity and selectivity have been achieved during this time. As one of the participants in the field, herein, we a provide brief account of research efforts in our laboratory from the initial discovery of radical monofluorination on unactivated C-H bonds in 2012 to more useful strategies to install fluorine on biologically relevant molecules through directed fluorination methods. In addition, accompanying mechanistic studies that have helped guide reaction design are highlighted in context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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18
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Sedgwick DM, Román R, Barrio P, Morales C, Fustero S. A metal-free and regioselective approach to (Z)-β-fluorovinyl sulfones and their chemoselective hydrogenation to β-fluoroalkyl sulfones. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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20
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Fustero S, Sedgwick DM, Román R, Barrio P. Recent advances in the synthesis of functionalised monofluorinated compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9706-9725. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05181j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, we have tackled the synthesis of interesting monofluorinated organic molecules, such as: dihydronaphthalene derivatives, β-fluoro sulfones and related carbonyl compounds, fluorohydrins and allylic alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- E-46100 Burjassot
- Spain
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
| | - Daniel M. Sedgwick
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- E-46100 Burjassot
- Spain
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
| | - Raquel Román
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe
- E-46012 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Pablo Barrio
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad de Valencia
- E-46100 Burjassot
- Spain
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas
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21
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Liu W, Huang X, Placzek MS, Krska SW, McQuade P, Hooker JM, Groves JT. Site-selective 18F fluorination of unactivated C-H bonds mediated by a manganese porphyrin. Chem Sci 2017; 9:1168-1172. [PMID: 29675161 PMCID: PMC5885592 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04545j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A direct aliphatic C–H 18F labeling method using [18F]fluoride ion at inaccessible and unreactive sites is reported.
The first direct C–H 18F fluorination reaction of unactivated aliphatic sites using no-carrier-added [18F]fluoride is reported. Under the influence of a manganese porphyrin/iodosylbenzene system, a variety of unactivated aliphatic C–H bonds can be selectively converted to C–18F bonds. The mild conditions, broad substrate scope and generally inaccessible regiochemistry make this radio-fluorination a powerful alternate to established nucleophilic substitution for the preparation of 18F labeled radio tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , USA .
| | - Xiongyi Huang
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , USA .
| | - Michael S Placzek
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Charlestown , Massachusetts 02129 , USA . .,Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging , Department of Radiology , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , Massachusetts 02114 , USA
| | - Shane W Krska
- Department of Process Chemistry , Merck Research Laboratories , Rahway , New Jersey 07065 , USA
| | - Paul McQuade
- Imaging Research , Merck Research Laboratories , West Point , Pennsylvania 19486 , USA
| | - Jacob M Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Massachusetts General Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Charlestown , Massachusetts 02129 , USA . .,Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging , Department of Radiology , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , Massachusetts 02114 , USA
| | - John T Groves
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , USA .
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22
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Bume DD, Pitts CR, Ghorbani F, Harry SA, Capilato JN, Siegler MA, Lectka T. Ketones as directing groups in photocatalytic sp 3 C-H fluorination. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6918-6923. [PMID: 29147517 PMCID: PMC5637129 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02703f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitous ketone carbonyl group generally deactivates substrates toward radical-based fluorinations, especially sites closest to it. Herein, ketones are used instead to direct aliphatic fluorination using Selectfluor, catalytic benzil, and visible light. Selective β- and γ-fluorination are demonstrated on rigid mono-, di-, tri-, and tetracyclic (steroidal) substrates employing both cyclic and exocyclic aliphatic ketones as directing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desta Doro Bume
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Fereshte Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Stefan Andrew Harry
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Joseph N Capilato
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles St. , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA .
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23
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Qi X, Yu F, Chen P, Liu G. Intermolecular Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Fluorocarbonylation of Unactivated Alkenes: Efficient Access to β‐Fluorocarboxylic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Pinhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Guosheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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24
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Qi X, Yu F, Chen P, Liu G. Intermolecular Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Fluorocarbonylation of Unactivated Alkenes: Efficient Access to β‐Fluorocarboxylic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12692-12696. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Pinhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Guosheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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25
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Lantaño B, Postigo A. Radical fluorination reactions by thermal and photoinduced methods. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9954-9973. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02402a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Radical fluorination reactions of aliphatic Csp3 and Csp2 atoms, decarboxylative fluorination, and fluorination of (hetero)aromatics can be accomplished with electrophilic fluorinating reagents such as Selectfluor and NFSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Lantaño
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
- Departamento de Química Orgánica-Conicet-Buenos Aires
- Argentina
- Ciudad de Buenos Aires
| | - Al Postigo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
- Departamento de Química Orgánica-Conicet-Buenos Aires
- Argentina
- Ciudad de Buenos Aires
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26
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Yan H, Zhu C. Recent advances in radical-mediated fluorination through C–H and C–C bond cleavage. Sci China Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-016-0399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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27
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Direct, visible light-sensitized benzylic C H fluorination of peptides using dibenzosuberenone: selectivity for phenylalanine-like residues. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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28
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Miró J, del Pozo C, Toste FD, Fustero S. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative β,β-Fluoroarylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Miró
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad de Valencia; 46100 Burjassot Spain
| | - Carlos del Pozo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad de Valencia; 46100 Burjassot Spain
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad de Valencia; 46100 Burjassot Spain
- Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; 46012 Valencia Spain
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29
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Miró J, Del Pozo C, Toste FD, Fustero S. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative β,β-Fluoroarylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9045-9. [PMID: 27272390 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective palladium-catalyzed three-component coupling of deactivated alkenes, arylboronic acids, and N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide is disclosed herein. The developed methodology establishes a general, modular, and step-economical approach to the stereoselective β-fluorination of α,β-unsaturated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Miró
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carlos Del Pozo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain. .,Laboratorio de Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
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30
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Chu CK, Ziegler DT, Carr B, Wickens ZK, Grubbs RH. Direct Access to β-Fluorinated Aldehydes by Nitrite-Modified Wacker Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal K. Chu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Daniel T. Ziegler
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Brian Carr
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Zachary K. Wickens
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena CA 91125 USA
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31
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Chu CK, Ziegler DT, Carr B, Wickens ZK, Grubbs RH. Direct Access to β-Fluorinated Aldehydes by Nitrite-Modified Wacker Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8435-9. [PMID: 27225538 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An aldehyde-selective Wacker-type oxidation of allylic fluorides proceeds with a nitrite catalyst. The method represents a direct route to prepare β-fluorinated aldehydes. Allylic fluorides bearing a variety of functional groups are transformed in high yield and very high regioselectivity. Additionally, the unpurified aldehyde products serve as versatile intermediates, thus enabling access to a diverse array of fluorinated building blocks. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest that inductive effects have a strong influence on the rate and regioselectivity of the oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal K Chu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Daniel T Ziegler
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Brian Carr
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Zachary K Wickens
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Robert H Grubbs
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
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32
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Pitts CR, Ling B, Snyder JA, Bragg AE, Lectka T. Aminofluorination of Cyclopropanes: A Multifold Approach through a Common, Catalytically Generated Intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6598-609. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Bill Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Joshua A. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Arthur E. Bragg
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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33
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Nodwell MB, Bagai A, Halperin SD, Martin RE, Knust H, Britton R. Direct photocatalytic fluorination of benzylic C-H bonds with N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:11783-6. [PMID: 26107990 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04058b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The late-stage fluorination of common synthetic building blocks and drug leads is an appealing reaction for medicinal chemistry. In particular, fluorination of benzylic C-H bonds provides a means to attenuate drug metabolism at this metabolically labile position. Here we report two complimentary strategies for the direct fluorination of benzylic C-H bonds using N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide and either a decatungstate photocatalyst or AIBN-initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Nodwell
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A1S6, Canada.
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34
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Bume DD, Pitts CR, Lectka T. Tandem C-C Bond Cleavage of Cyclopropanols and Oxidative Aromatization by Manganese(IV) Oxide in a Direct C-H to C-C Functionalization of Heteroaromatics. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Zhang Q, Mixdorf JC, Reynders GJ, Nguyen HM. Rhodium-catalyzed benzylic fluorination of trichloroacetimidates. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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36
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Pitts CR, Bloom MS, Bume DD, Zhang QA, Lectka T. Unstrained C-C bond activation and directed fluorination through photocatalytically-generated radical cations. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5225-5229. [PMID: 29449927 PMCID: PMC5669245 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01973g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding the repertoire of controlled radical fluorination techniques, we present a photosensitized unstrained C-C bond activation/directed monofluorination method using Selectfluor and 9-fluorenone. The reaction is amenable to the opening of multiple 1-acetal-2-aryl substituted rings to yield ω-fluoro carboxylic acids, esters, alcohols, and ketones with relative ease. Initial mechanistic insight suggests radical ion intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA .
| | | | - Desta Doro Bume
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA .
| | - Qinze Arthur Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA .
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA .
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37
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Ventre S, Petronijevic FR, MacMillan DWC. Decarboxylative Fluorination of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids via Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:5654-7. [PMID: 25881929 PMCID: PMC4862610 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The direct conversion of aliphatic carboxylic acids to the corresponding alkyl fluorides has been achieved via visible light-promoted photoredox catalysis. This operationally simple, redox-neutral fluorination method is amenable to a wide variety of carboxylic acids. Photon-induced oxidation of carboxylates leads to the formation of carboxyl radicals, which upon rapid CO2-extrusion and F(•) transfer from a fluorinating reagent yield the desired fluoroalkanes with high efficiency. Experimental evidence indicates that an oxidative quenching pathway is operable in this broadly applicable fluorination protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David W. C. MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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38
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Bloom S, Bume DD, Pitts CR, Lectka T. Site-Selective Approach to β-Fluorination: Photocatalyzed Ring Opening of Cyclopropanols. Chemistry 2015; 21:8060-3. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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39
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Champagne PA, Desroches J, Hamel JD, Vandamme M, Paquin JF. Monofluorination of Organic Compounds: 10 Years of Innovation. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9073-174. [PMID: 25854146 DOI: 10.1021/cr500706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 664] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Alexandre Champagne
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Justine Desroches
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-Denys Hamel
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Mathilde Vandamme
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Jean-François Paquin
- Canada Research Chair in Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CGCC, PROTEO, Département de Chimie, Université Laval , 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
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40
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Phae-nok S, Soorukram D, Kuhakarn C, Reutrakul V, Pohmakotr M. Silver-Mediated Decarboxylative Fluorination of Paraconic Acids: A Direct Entry to β-Fluorinated γ-Butyrolactones. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Bauer
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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42
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Zhao H, Fan X, Yu J, Zhu C. Silver-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Strategy for the Synthesis of β- and γ-Fluorinated Ketones. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3490-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Fan
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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43
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Ma JJ, Yi WB, Lu GP, Cai C. Transition-metal-free C–H oxidative activation: persulfate-promoted selective benzylic mono- and difluorination. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2890-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02418d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple and selective method for the direct conversion of benzylic C–H to C–F to obtain mono- and difluoromethylated arenes using Selectfluor™ as a fluorine source is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-jing Ma
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Wen-bin Yi
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Guo-ping Lu
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Chun Cai
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology
- Nanjing
- China
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44
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Pitts CR, Ling B, Woltornist R, Liu R, Lectka T. Triethylborane-initiated radical chain fluorination: a synthetic method derived from mechanistic insight. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8895-9. [PMID: 25137438 DOI: 10.1021/jo501520e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We offer a mild, metal-free sp(3) C-H fluorination alternative using Selectfluor and a substoichiometric amount of triethylborane--an established radical initiator in the presence of O2. This radical-chain-based synthetic method is particularly noteworthy as an offspring of the insight gained from a mechanistic study of copper-promoted aliphatic fluorination, constructively turning O2 from an enemy to an ally. Furthermore, BEt3/O2 is a preferred initiator in industrial processes, as it is economical, is low in toxicity, and lends way to easier workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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45
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Cantillo D, de Frutos O, Rincón JA, Mateos C, Kappe CO. A continuous-flow protocol for light-induced benzylic fluorinations. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8486-90. [PMID: 25144336 DOI: 10.1021/jo5016757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A continuous-flow protocol for the light-induced fluorination of benzylic compounds is presented. The procedure uses Selectfluor as the fluorine source and xanthone as an inexpensive and commercially available photoorganocatalyst. The flow photoreactor is based on transparent fluorinated ethylene propylene tubing and a household compact fluorescent lamp. The combination of xanthone with black-light irradiation results in very efficient fluorination. Good to excellent isolated yields were obtained for a variety of substrates bearing different functional groups applying residence times below 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cantillo
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz , Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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46
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Wang H, Guo LN, Duan XH. Silver-catalyzed decarboxylative acylfluorination of styrenes in aqueous media. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7382-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02800g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Abstract
We disclose a new approach to the catalysis of alkane fluorination employing ultraviolet light and a photosensitizer, 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene (TCB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Bloom
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore, USA
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