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Wu X, Nazemi M, Gupta S, Chismar A, Hong K, Jacobs H, Zhang W, Rigby K, Hedtke T, Wang Q, Stavitski E, Wong MS, Muhich C, Kim JH. Contrasting Capability of Single Atom Palladium for Thermocatalytic versus Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction Reaction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:6804-6812. [PMID: 37234352 PMCID: PMC10208376 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of high concentrations of nitrate in various water resources is a significant environmental and human health threat, demanding effective removal technologies. Single atom alloys (SAAs) have emerged as a promising bimetallic material architecture in various thermocatalytic and electrocatalytic schemes including nitrate reduction reaction (NRR). This study suggests that there exists a stark contrast between thermocatalytic (T-NRR) and electrocatalytic (E-NRR) pathways that resulted in dramatic differences in SAA performances. Among Pd/Cu nanoalloys with varying Pd-Cu ratios from 1:100 to 100:1, Pd/Cu(1:100) SAA exhibited the greatest activity (TOFPd = 2 min-1) and highest N2 selectivity (94%) for E-NRR, while the same SAA performed poorly for T-NRR as compared to other nanoalloy counterparts. DFT calculations demonstrate that the improved performance and N2 selectivity of Pd/Cu(1:100) in E-NRR compared to T-NRR originate from the higher stability of NO3* in electrocatalysis and a lower N2 formation barrier than NH due to localized pH effects and the ability to extract protons from water. This study establishes the performance and mechanistic differences of SAA and nanoalloys for T-NRR versus E-NRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhao Wu
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mohammadreza Nazemi
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Srishti Gupta
- School
for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Adam Chismar
- School
for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Kiheon Hong
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hunter Jacobs
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kali Rigby
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Tayler Hedtke
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Qingxiao Wang
- Imaging
and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eli Stavitski
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Michael S. Wong
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christopher Muhich
- School
for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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2
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Yuan E, Wang C, Wu C, Shi G, Jian P, Hou X. Constructing hierarchical structures of Pd catalysts to realize reaction pathway regulation of furfural hydroconversion. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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3
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Wulfes J, Baumann AK, Melchert T, Schröder C, Schauermann S. Adsorption and keto-enol-tautomerisation of butanal on Pd(111). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:29480-29494. [PMID: 36448609 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04398j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Microscopic-level understanding of the interaction of hydrocarbons with transition metal surfaces is an important prerequisite for rational design of new materials with improved catalytic properties. In this report, we present a mechanistic study on the keto-enol tautomerisation of butanal on Pd(111), which was theoretically predicted to play a crucial role in low-barrier hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds. These processes were addressed by a combination of reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy, molecular beam techniques and theoretical calculations at the density functional theory level. Spectroscopic information obtained on Pd(111) suggests that butanal forms three different aldehyde species, which we indicate as A1-A3 as well as their enol counterpart E1. The electronically strongest perturbed and strongest binding species A1 is most likely related to the η2(C,O) adsorption configuration, in which both C and O atoms are involved in the bonding with the underlying metal. The species A2 weakly binds and is less electronically perturbed and can be associated with the η1(O) adsorption configuration. The third type of aldehyde species A3, which is nearly unperturbed and is found only at low temperatures, results from the formation of the butanal multilayer. Importantly, the enol form of butanal was observed on the surface, which gives rise to a new characteristic band at 1104 cm-1 related to the stretching vibration of the C-O single bond (ν(C-O)). With increasing temperature, the multi-layer related species A3 disappears from the surface above 136 K. The population of aldehyde species A1 and the enol species E1 noticeably increases with increasing temperature, while the band related to the aldehyde species A2 becomes strongly attenuated and finally completely disappears above 120 K. These observations suggest that species E1 and A1 are formed in an activated process and - in view of the strongly anti-correlated population of the species E1 and A2 - it can be concluded that enol species E1 is most likely formed from the weakly bound aldehyde species A2 (η1(O)). Finally, we discuss the possible routes to enol stabilization via intermolecular bonding and provide the possible structure of the enol-containing stabilized complex, which is compatible with all spectroscopic observations. The obtained results provide important insights into the process of keto-enol tautomerisation of simple carbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wulfes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ann-Katrin Baumann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Tobias Melchert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Carsten Schröder
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Swetlana Schauermann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
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4
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Liu GW, Pan PB, Zhang X, Huang YY, Liu P, Qin YY, Yao YG. Tuning the Phase Structure of ZnTiO3 Support to Promote the Catalytic Activity of Pd/ZnTiO3 Catalyst for the CO Oxidative Coupling to Dimethyl Oxalate. Helv Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng-Bin Pan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology CHINA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology CHINA
| | - Yuan-Yuan Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology CHINA
| | - Peng Liu
- Fuzhou University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ye-Yan Qin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology CHINA
| | - Yuan-Gen Yao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Yangqiao West Road No.155 350002 Fuzhou CHINA
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5
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Tierney GF, Alijani S, Panchal M, Decarolis D, Gutierrez MB, Mohammed KMH, Callison J, Gibson EK, Thompson PBJ, Collier P, Dimitratos N, Corbos EC, Pelletier F, Villa A, Wells PP. Controlling the Production of Acid Catalyzed Products of Furfural Hydrogenation by Pd/TiO
2. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George F. Tierney
- School of Chemistry University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
- UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA UK
| | - Shahram Alijani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Universitá degli Studi di Milano 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Monik Panchal
- UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA UK
- Department of Chemistry University College London London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - Donato Decarolis
- UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA UK
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | | | | | - June Callison
- UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA UK
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute School of Chemistry Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Emma K. Gibson
- School of Chemistry University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Paul B. J. Thompson
- BM28/XMaS UK CRG ESRF 38043 Grenoble France
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory Department of Physics University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZE UK
| | - Paul Collier
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari” Alma Mater Studiorum Universitá di Bologna 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - E. Crina Corbos
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | | | - Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica Universitá degli Studi di Milano 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Peter P. Wells
- School of Chemistry University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
- UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA UK
- Diamond Light Source Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Chilton, Didcot OX11 0DE UK
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6
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Nikolaev S, Tsodikov M, Chistyakov A, Chistyakova P, Ezzhelenko D, Shilina M. PdCu nanoalloy supported on alumina: A stable and selective catalyst for the conversion of bioethanol to linear α-alcohols. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Genest A, Silvestre-Albero J, Li WQ, Rösch N, Rupprechter G. The origin of the particle-size-dependent selectivity in 1-butene isomerization and hydrogenation on Pd/Al 2O 3 catalysts. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6098. [PMID: 34671045 PMCID: PMC8528898 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The selectivity of 1-butene hydrogenation/isomerization on Pd catalysts is known to be particle size dependent. Here we show that combining well-defined model catalysts, atmospheric pressure reaction kinetics, DFT calculations and microkinetic modeling enables to rationalize the particle size effect based on the abundance and the specific properties of the contributing surface facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Genest
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC, A-1060, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Joaquín Silvestre-Albero
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC, A-1060, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Química Inorgánica-IUMA, Universidad de Alicante, E-03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
| | - Notker Rösch
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC, A-1060, Vienna, Austria
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, D-85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC, A-1060, Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Rupprechter G. Operando Surface Spectroscopy and Microscopy during Catalytic Reactions: From Clusters via Nanoparticles to Meso-Scale Aggregates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2004289. [PMID: 33694320 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Operando characterization of working catalysts, requiring per definitionem the simultaneous measurement of catalytic performance, is crucial to identify the relevant catalyst structure, composition and adsorbed species. Frequently applied operando techniques are discussed, including X-ray absorption spectroscopy, near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. In contrast to these area-averaging spectroscopies, operando surface microscopy by photoemission electron microscopy delivers spatially-resolved data, directly visualizing catalyst heterogeneity. For thorough interpretation, the experimental results should be complemented by density functional theory. The operando approach enables to identify changes of cluster/nanoparticle structure and composition during ongoing catalytic reactions and reveal how molecules interact with surfaces and interfaces. The case studies cover the length-scales from clusters via nanoparticles to meso-scale aggregates, and demonstrate the benefits of specific operando methods. Restructuring, ligand/atom mobility, and surface composition alterations during the reaction may have pronounced effects on activity and selectivity. The nanoscale metal/oxide interface steers catalytic performance via a long ranging effect. Combining operando spectroscopy with switching gas feeds or concentration-modulation provides further mechanistic insights. The obtained fundamental understanding is a prerequisite for improving catalytic performance and for rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/01, Vienna, 1060, Austria
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9
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Priyadarshini P, Ricciardulli T, Adams JS, Yun YS, Flaherty DW. Effects of bromide adsorption on the direct synthesis of H2O2 on Pd nanoparticles: Formation rates, selectivities, and apparent barriers at steady-state. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Yang L, Pan Z, Wang D, Wang S, Wang X, Ma H, Liu H, Wang C, Qu W, Tian Z. Highly Effective Pd/MgO/γ-Al 2O 3 Catalysts for CO Oxidative Coupling to Dimethyl Oxalate: The Effect of MgO Coating on γ-Al 2O 3. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28064-28071. [PMID: 34105350 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The support of MgO/γ-Al2O3 was initially prepared by a multiple impregnation method and Pd was placed on the surface of the MgO/γ-Al2O3 support via incipient wetness impregnation. Pd/MgO/γ-Al2O3 (Pd/MAO) catalysts were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), CO2-temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), CO-Fourier transform infrared (CO-FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and tested in the CO oxidative coupling to dimethyl oxalate (DMO) reaction. Compared to Pd/γ-Al2O3, the catalytic activities of the Pd/MAO catalysts improved significantly. The Pd/MAO catalyst with a 30% mass ratio of Mg to γ-Al2O3 delivers 3 times higher STY of DMO than that of Pd/γ-Al2O3. It has been demonstrated that MgO covered γ-Al2O3 layer-by-layer forming MAO supports, which can increase surface basicity and the interaction between Pd particles and the MAO supports. Moreover, the relationship between metal and support interaction and catalytic performance was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhendong Pan
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Donge Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuaiqi Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huaijun Ma
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Congxin Wang
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhijian Tian
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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11
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A Comparison of Experimental Procedures for the Application of Infrared Spectroscopy to Probe the Surface Morphology of an Alumina-Supported Palladium Catalyst. Top Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractStructure/function relationships in heterogeneous catalysis play an important role in catalyst design strategies. The combination of chemisorption of suitable probe molecules alongside application of infrared spectroscopy is an established technique for providing information on the metal crystallite morphology of supported metal catalysts. Following a review of key literature on this topic, a variety of experimental arrangements that may be adopted for this task are examined. Specifically, the adsorption of CO over a 5wt% Pd/Al2O3 catalyst is investigated using transmission and diffuse reflectance sampling options and two research grade spectrometers. Although comparable spectra are obtained on all the platforms examined, differences are noted. In particular, temperature-programmed IR spectroscopy on one platform enables resolution of two features assigned to linear CO bound to the Pd particles. The relevance of this sub-division of terminal sites with respect to selective hydrogenation reactions is briefly considered.
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12
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Ament K, Köwitsch N, Hou D, Götsch T, Kröhnert J, Heard CJ, Trunschke A, Lunkenbein T, Armbrüster M, Breu J. Nanoparticles Supported on Sub-Nanometer Oxide Films: Scaling Model Systems to Bulk Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5890-5897. [PMID: 33289925 PMCID: PMC7986867 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ultrathin layers of oxides deposited on atomically flat metal surfaces have been shown to significantly influence the electronic structure of the underlying metal, which in turn alters the catalytic performance. Upscaling of the specifically designed architectures as required for technical utilization of the effect has yet not been achieved. Here, we apply liquid crystalline phases of fluorohectorite nanosheets to fabricate such architectures in bulk. Synthetic sodium fluorohectorite, a layered silicate, when immersed into water spontaneously and repulsively swells to produce nematic suspensions of individual negatively charged nanosheets separated to more than 60 nm, while retaining parallel orientation. Into these galleries oppositely charged palladium nanoparticles were intercalated whereupon the galleries collapse. Individual and separated Pd nanoparticles were thus captured and sandwiched between nanosheets. As suggested by the model systems, the resulting catalyst performed better in the oxidation of carbon monoxide than the same Pd nanoparticles supported on external surfaces of hectorite or on a conventional Al2 O3 support. XPS confirmed a shift of Pd 3d electrons to higher energies upon coverage of Pd nanoparticles with nanosheets to which we attribute the improved catalytic performance. DFT calculations showed increasing positive charge on Pd weakened CO adsorption and this way damped CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ament
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Nicolas Köwitsch
- Faculty of Natural SciencesInstitute of ChemistryMaterials for Innovative Energy ConceptsChemnitz University of TechnologyStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
| | - Dianwei Hou
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular ChemistryCharles UniversityHlavova 8128 00Prague 2Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Götsch
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Jutta Kröhnert
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Christopher J. Heard
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular ChemistryCharles UniversityHlavova 8128 00Prague 2Czech Republic
| | - Annette Trunschke
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinGermany
| | - Marc Armbrüster
- Faculty of Natural SciencesInstitute of ChemistryMaterials for Innovative Energy ConceptsChemnitz University of TechnologyStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzGermany
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447BayreuthGermany
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13
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Ament K, Köwitsch N, Hou D, Götsch T, Kröhnert J, Heard CJ, Trunschke A, Lunkenbein T, Armbrüster M, Breu J. Nanopartikel auf subnanometer dünnen oxidischen Filmen: Skalierung von Modellsystemen. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 133:5954-5961. [PMID: 38505494 PMCID: PMC10946923 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
AbstractDurch die Abscheidung von ultradünnen Oxidschichten auf atomar‐flachen Metalloberflächen konnte die elektronische Struktur des Metalls und hierdurch dessen katalytische Aktivität beeinflusst werden. Die Skalierung dieser Architekturen für eine technische Nutzbarkeit war bisher aber kaum möglich. Durch die Verwendung einer flüssigkristallinen Phase aus Fluorhectorit‐Nanoschichten, können wir solche Architekturen in skalierbarem Maßstab imitieren. Synthetischer Natriumfluorhectorit (NaHec) quillt spontan und repulsiv in Wasser zu einer nematischen flüssigkristallinen Phase aus individuellen Nanoschichten. Diese tragen eine permanente negative Schichtladung, sodass selbst bei einer Separation von über 60 nm eine parallele Anordnung der Schichten behalten wird. Zwischen diesen Nanoschichten können Palladium‐Nanopartikel mit entgegengesetzter Ladung eingelagert werden, wodurch die nematische Phase kollabiert und separierte Nanopartikel zwischen den Schichten fixiert werden. Die Aktivität zur CO‐Oxidation des so entstandenen Katalysators war höher als z. B. die der gleichen Nanopartikel auf konventionellem Al2O3 oder der externen Oberfläche von NaHec. Durch Röntgenphotoelektronenspektroskopie konnte eine Verschiebung der Pd‐3d‐Elektronen zu höheren Bindungsenergien beobachtet werden, womit die erhöhte Aktivität erklärt werden kann. Berechnungen zeigten, dass mit erhöhter positiver Ladung des Pd die Adsorptionsstärke von CO erniedrigt und damit auch die Vergiftung durch CO vermindert wird.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ament
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447BayreuthDeutschland
| | - Nicolas Köwitsch
- Faculty of Natural SciencesInstitute of ChemistryMaterials for Innovative Energy ConceptsChemnitz University of TechnologyStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzDeutschland
| | - Dianwei Hou
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular ChemistryCharles UniversityHlavova 8128 00Prague 2Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Götsch
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinDeutschland
| | - Jutta Kröhnert
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinDeutschland
| | - Christopher J. Heard
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular ChemistryCharles UniversityHlavova 8128 00Prague 2Czech Republic
| | - Annette Trunschke
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinDeutschland
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryFritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4–614195BerlinDeutschland
| | - Marc Armbrüster
- Faculty of Natural SciencesInstitute of ChemistryMaterials for Innovative Energy ConceptsChemnitz University of TechnologyStraße der Nationen 6209111ChemnitzDeutschland
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447BayreuthDeutschland
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14
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Ament K, Wagner DR, Götsch T, Kikuchi T, Kröhnert J, Trunschke A, Lunkenbein T, Sasaki T, Breu J. Enhancing the Catalytic Activity of Palladium Nanoparticles via Sandwich-Like Confinement by Thin Titanate Nanosheets. ACS Catal 2021; 11:2754-2762. [PMID: 33815894 PMCID: PMC8016112 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As atomically thin oxide layers deposited on flat (noble) metal surfaces have been proven to have a significant influence on the electronic structure and thus the catalytic activity of the metal, we sought to mimic this architecture at the bulk scale. This could be achieved by intercalating small positively charged Pd nanoparticles of size 3.8 nm into a nematic liquid crystalline phase of lepidocrocite-type layered titanate. Upon intercalation the galleries collapsed and Pd nanoparticles were captured in a sandwichlike mesoporous architecture showing good accessibility to Pd nanoparticles. On the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and CO diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) Pd was found to be in a partially oxidized state, while a reduced Ti species indicated an electronic interaction between nanoparticles and nanosheets. The close contact of titanate sandwiching Pd nanoparticles, moreover, allows for the donation of a lattice oxygen to the noble metal (inverse spillover). Due to the metal-support interactions of this peculiar support, the catalyst exhibited the oxidation of CO with a turnover frequency as high as 0.17 s-1 at a temperature of 100 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ament
- Bavarian
Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Daniel R. Wagner
- Bavarian
Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thomas Götsch
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut
der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Takayuki Kikuchi
- International
Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jutta Kröhnert
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut
der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Trunschke
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut
der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut
der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Takayoshi Sasaki
- International
Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian
Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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15
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Lokteva ES, Shishova VV, Tolkachev NN, Kharlanov AN, Maslakov KI, Kamaev AO, Kaplin IY, Savina IN, Golubina EV. Hydrodechlorination of 4-Chlorophenol on Pd-Fe Catalysts on Mesoporous ZrO 2SiO 2 Support. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010141. [PMID: 33396955 PMCID: PMC7795707 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A mesoporous support based on silica and zirconia (ZS) was used to prepare monometallic 1 wt% Pd/ZS, 10 wt% Fe/ZS, and bimetallic FePd/ZS catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by TPR-H2, XRD, SEM-EDS, TEM, AAS, and DRIFT spectroscopy of adsorbed CO after H2 reduction in situ and tested in hydrodechlorination of environmental pollutant 4-chlorophelol in aqueous solution at 30 °C. The bimetallic catalyst demonstrated an excellent activity, selectivity to phenol and stability in 10 consecutive runs. FePd/ZS has exceptional reducibility due to the high dispersion of palladium and strong interaction between FeOx and palladium, confirmed by TPR-H2, DRIFT spectroscopy, XRD, and TEM. Its reduction occurs during short-time treatment with hydrogen in an aqueous solution at RT. The Pd/ZS was more resistant to reduction but can be activated by aqueous phenol solution and H2. The study by DRIFT spectroscopy of CO adsorbed on Pd/ZS reduced in harsh (H2, 330 °C), medium (H2, 200 °C) and mild conditions (H2 + aqueous solution of phenol) helped to identify the reasons of the reducing action of phenol solution. It was found that phenol provided fast transformation of Pd+ to Pd0. Pd/ZS also can serve as an active and stable catalyst for 4-PhCl transformation to phenol after proper reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S. Lokteva
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.N.K.); (K.I.M.); (A.O.K.); (I.Y.K.); (E.V.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-916-780-3363
| | - Vera V. Shishova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.N.K.); (K.I.M.); (A.O.K.); (I.Y.K.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Nikolay N. Tolkachev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey N. Kharlanov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.N.K.); (K.I.M.); (A.O.K.); (I.Y.K.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Konstantin I. Maslakov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.N.K.); (K.I.M.); (A.O.K.); (I.Y.K.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Alexey O. Kamaev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.N.K.); (K.I.M.); (A.O.K.); (I.Y.K.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Igor Yu. Kaplin
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.N.K.); (K.I.M.); (A.O.K.); (I.Y.K.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Irina N. Savina
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK;
| | - Elena V. Golubina
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (V.V.S.); (A.N.K.); (K.I.M.); (A.O.K.); (I.Y.K.); (E.V.G.)
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16
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Carosso M, Vottero E, Morandi S, Manzoli M, Ferri D, Fovanna T, Pellegrini R, Piovano A, Groppo E. Deactivation of Industrial Pd/Al
2
O
3
Catalysts by Ethanol: A Spectroscopic Study. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Carosso
- Department of Chemistry INSTM and NIS Centre University of Torino via Quarello 15/A 10135 Torino Italy
| | - Eleonora Vottero
- Department of Chemistry INSTM and NIS Centre University of Torino via Quarello 15/A 10135 Torino Italy
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Sara Morandi
- Department of Chemistry INSTM and NIS Centre University of Torino via Quarello 15/A 10135 Torino Italy
| | - Maela Manzoli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology INSTM and NIS Centre University of Torino via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111 5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - Thibault Fovanna
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111 5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - Riccardo Pellegrini
- Chimet SpA -Catalyst Division via di Pescaiola 74 I-52041 Viciomaggio Arezzo Italy
| | - Andrea Piovano
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry INSTM and NIS Centre University of Torino via Quarello 15/A 10135 Torino Italy
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17
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The Effect of Shape-Controlled Pt and Pd Nanoparticles on Selective Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Trichloroethylene. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tailoring the shape of nanoscale materials enables obtaining morphology-controlled surfaces exhibiting specific interactions with reactants during catalytic reactions. The specifics of nanoparticle surfaces control the catalytic performance, i.e., activity and selectivity. In this study, shape-controlled Platinum (Pt) and Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles with distinct morphology were produced, i.e., cubes and cuboctahedra for Pt and spheres and polyhedra/multiple-twins for Pd, with (100), (111 + 100), curved/stepped and (111) facets, respectively. These particles with well-tuned surfaces were subsequently deposited on a Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) support. The morphological characteristics of the particles were determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while their adsorption properties were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CO adsorbed at room temperature. The effect of the nanoparticle shape and surface structure on the catalytic performance in hydrodechlorination (HDCl) of trichloroethylene (TCE) was examined. The results show that nanoparticles with different surface orientations can be employed to affect selectivity, with polyhedral and multiply-twinned Pd exhibiting the best ethylene selectivity.
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18
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Influence of the ZrO2 Crystalline Phases on the Nature of Active Sites in PdCu/ZrO2 Catalysts for the Methanol Steam Reforming Reaction—An In Situ Spectroscopic Study. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the electronic properties of the metal sites in cubic and monoclinic ZrO2 supported Pd and PdCu catalysts have been investigated using CO as probe molecule in in-situ IR studies, and the surface composition of the outermost layers has been studied by APXPS (Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy). The reaction products were followed by mass spectrometry, making it possible to relate the chemical properties of the catalysts under reaction conditions with their selectivity. Combining these techniques, it has been shown that the structure of the support (monoclinic or cubic ZrO2) affects the metal dispersion, mobility, and reorganization of metal sites under methanol steam reforming (MSR) conditions, influencing the oxidation state of surface metal species, with important consequences in the catalytic activity. Correlating the mass spectra of the reaction products with these spectroscopic studies, it was possible to conclude that electropositive metal species play an imperative role for high CO2 and H2 selectivity in the MSR reaction (less CO formation).
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19
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Cui M, Johnson G, Zhang Z, Li S, Hwang S, Zhang X, Zhang S. AgPd nanoparticles for electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction: bimetallic composition-dependent ligand and ensemble effects. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14068-14075. [PMID: 32582900 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03203d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse AgPd nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and studied as an efficient catalyst for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction by modulating bimetallic compositions. The mechanistic studies, based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations and environmental diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis, revealed that the incorporation of Ag in AgPd NPs can effectively weaken CO adsorption on all possible Pd surface sites (the ligand effects), and more importantly, disrupt the strongest multi-centered CO-binding sites (the ensemble effects). With properly tuned CO adsorption, which is ordinarily too strong over pure Pd, Ag15Pd85 NPs were found to be the best composition for the efficient production of CO. They deliver a unity conversion of CO2 to CO with a high mass activity of 15.2 mA mgmetal-1 at -0.8 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and high stability with minimal change in the CO faradaic efficiency (FECO) after 12 hours of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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20
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Structural changes in noble metal nanoparticles during CO oxidation and their impact on catalyst activity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2133. [PMID: 32358583 PMCID: PMC7195460 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamical structure of a catalyst determines the availability of active sites on its surface. However, how nanoparticle (NP) catalysts re-structure under reaction conditions and how these changes associate with catalytic activity remains poorly understood. Using operando transmission electron microscopy, we show that Pd NPs exhibit reversible structural and activity changes during heating and cooling in mixed gas environments containing O2 and CO. Below 400 °C, the NPs form flat low index facets and are inactive towards CO oxidation. Above 400 °C, the NPs become rounder, and conversion of CO to CO2 increases significantly. This behavior reverses when the temperature is later reduced. Pt and Rh NPs under similar conditions do not exhibit such reversible transformations. We propose that adsorbed CO molecules suppress the activity of Pd NPs at lower temperatures by stabilizing low index facets and reducing the number of active sites. This hypothesis is supported by thermodynamic calculations.
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21
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Mazarío J, Raad Z, Concepción P, Cerdá-Moreno C, Domine ME. Pd supported on mixed metal oxide as an efficient catalyst for the reductive amination of bio-derived acetol to 2-methylpiperazine. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01423k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient synthesis of 2-methylpiperazine via reductive cyclo-amination of acetol with ethylenediamine over Pd supported on Ti–Al–O and Ti–Zr–O catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Mazarío
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Zaher Raad
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Patricia Concepción
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Cristina Cerdá-Moreno
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Marcelo E. Domine
- Instituto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC)
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
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22
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Golubina EV, Lokteva ES, Gurbanova UD, Kharlanov AN, Egorova TB, Lipatova IA, Vlaskin MS, Shkol’nikov EI. Multiphase Hydrodechlorination of 1,3,5-Trichlorobenzene on Palladium Catalysts Supported on Alumina: Effect of the Support Properties and Modification by Heteropoly Acid Based on Silicon and Tungsten. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158419030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Alyabyeva N, Ouvrard A, Zakaria AM, Bourguignon B. Probing Nanoparticle Geometry down to Subnanometer Size: The Benefits of Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:624-629. [PMID: 30673284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of nanoparticle size and shape in the binding of molecules is very relevant for heterogeneous catalysis and molecular electronics. The geometry of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) has been studied from very small clusters containing 4 atoms up to large (>500 atoms), well-faceted NPs. Their geometry was retrieved by combining scanning tunneling microscopy and vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy of adsorbed CO. SFG has been revealed to be highly sensitive to the geometry of NPs smaller than 100 atoms by identifying the nature of CO adsorption sites. NP growth could be followed layer by layer in the critical size range corresponding to the transition from a nonmetallic to a metallic state and to oscillations of CO adsorption energy. NP height remained at two Pd planes up to 30 atoms, and adsorption energy minima correspond to the completion of successive layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Alyabyeva
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Aimeric Ouvrard
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Abdoul-Mouize Zakaria
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Bernard Bourguignon
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , F-91405 Orsay , France
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24
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Yashnik SA, Urzhuntsev GA, Stadnichenko AI, Svintsitskiy DA, Ishchenko AV, Boronin AI, Ismagilov ZR. Effect of Pd- precursor and support acid properties on the Pd electronic state and the hydrodesulfurization activity of Pd-zeolite catalysts. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Zhou Y, Wu D, Hernández WY, Ma C, Su H, Ordomsky V. Alkyl coupling in tertiary amines as analog of Guerbet condensation reaction. RSC Adv 2019; 9:9845-9849. [PMID: 35520721 PMCID: PMC9062200 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here that C–C coupling in tertiary amines for the synthesis of long chain and hindered amines might be efficiently performed over Pt and Pd catalysts. The mechanism study confirms similarity with the Guerbet reaction through dehydrogenation of the alkyl group and subsequent attack of the α-carbon atom by an alkyl group of another molecule. Finally, secondary amines and tertiary amines with longer alkyl chains are formed. C–C coupling in tertiary amines for the synthesis of fatty and hindered amines proceeds efficiently over supported Pt and Pd catalysts.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yage Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Dan Wu
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L)
- 201108 Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | | | - Changru Ma
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L)
- 201108 Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huangyang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Vitaly Ordomsky
- Eco-Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L)
- 201108 Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
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26
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Schauermann S. Partial Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds: Toward Ligand-Directed Heterogeneous Catalysis. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5555-5566. [PMID: 30204444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this Perspective, we report on the recent progress in atomistic-level understanding of selective partial hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, particularly acrolein, toward unsaturated alcohols over model single crystalline and nanostructured Pd catalysts. This reaction was observed to proceed with nearly 100% selectivity over Pd(111) but not over supported Pd nanoparticles. The origin of the high selectivity was related to formation of a dense overlayer of oxopropyl surface species occurring at the early reaction stages via partial hydrogenation of the C=C bond in acrolein with only one H atom. This oxopropyl overlayer strongly modifies the adsorption and reactive properties of Pd(111), turning it 100% selective toward C=O bond hydrogenation. The underlying reaction mechanism represents a particular case of ligand-directed heterogeneous catalysis, in which the surface adsorbates do not directly participate in the catalytic process as the reaction intermediates but strongly affect the elementary reaction steps via specific adsorbate-adsorbate interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetlana Schauermann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel , Max-Eyth-Strasse 2 , 24118 Kiel , Germany
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27
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Föttinger K, Emhofer W, Lennon D, Rupprechter G. Adsorption and Reaction of CO on (Pd-)Al 2O 3 and (Pd-)ZrO 2: Vibrational Spectroscopy of Carbonate Formation. Top Catal 2017; 60:1722-1734. [PMID: 29238151 PMCID: PMC5715044 DOI: 10.1007/s11244-017-0852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
γ-Alumina is widely used as an oxide support in catalysis, and palladium nanoparticles supported by alumina represent one of the most frequently used dispersed metals. The surface sites of the catalysts are often probed via FTIR spectroscopy upon CO adsorption, which may result in the formation of surface carbonate species. We have examined this process in detail utilizing FTIR to monitor carbonate formation on γ-alumina and zirconia upon exposure to isotopically labelled and unlabelled CO and CO2. The same was carried out for well-defined Pd nanoparticles supported on Al2O3 or ZrO2. A water gas shift reaction of CO with surface hydroxyls was detected, which requires surface defect sites and adjacent OH groups. Furthermore, we have studied the effect of Cl synthesis residues, leading to strongly reduced carbonate formation and changes in the OH region (isolated OH groups were partly replaced or were even absent). To corroborate this finding, samples were deliberately poisoned with Cl to an extent comparable to that of synthesis residues, as confirmed by Auger electron spectroscopy. For catalysts prepared from Cl-containing precursors a new CO band at 2164 cm-1 was observed in the carbonyl region, which was ascribed to Pd interacting with Cl. Finally, the FTIR measurements were complemented by quantification of the amount of carbonates formed via chemisorption, which provides a tool to determine the concentration of reactive defect sites on the alumina surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Föttinger
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/01, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Waltraud Emhofer
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/01, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - David Lennon
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ Scotland, UK
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/01, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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28
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Dostert KH, O’Brien CP, Mirabella F, Ivars-Barceló F, Attia S, Spadafora E, Schauermann S, Freund HJ. Selective Partial Hydrogenation of Acrolein on Pd: A Mechanistic Study. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Dostert
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Casey P. O’Brien
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca Mirabella
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Smadar Attia
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße
2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Evan Spadafora
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße
2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Swetlana Schauermann
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße
2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Freund
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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29
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Meng Q, Qiu C, Zheng H, Li X, Zhu Y, Li Y. Efficient decarbonylation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over an Pd/Al2O3 catalyst: Preparation via electrostatic attraction between Pd(II) complex and anionic Al2O3. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Yuan E, Wu C, Hou X, Dou M, Liu G, Li G, Wang L. Synergistic effects of second metals on performance of (Co, Ag, Cu)-doped Pd/Al2O3 catalysts for 2-ethyl-anthraquinone hydrogenation. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Liu S, Tan JM, Gulec A, Schweitzer NM, Delferro M, Marks LD, Stair PC, Marks TJ. Direct Synthesis of Low-Coordinate Pd Catalysts Supported on SiO2 via Surface Organometallic Chemistry. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengsi Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - J. Miles Tan
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ahmet Gulec
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Neil M. Schweitzer
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208-3113, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Laurence D. Marks
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Peter C. Stair
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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32
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Meng Q, Qiu C, Ding G, Cui J, Zhu Y, Li Y. Role of alkali earth metals over Pd/Al2O3 for decarbonylation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy02248g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Improved decarbonylation performance of HMF was achieved by modifying Pd/Al2O3 with alkali earth metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Chengwu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | | | - Jinglei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Yulei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
| | - Yongwang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- PR China
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33
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Concepción P, García S, Hernández-Garrido JC, Calvino JJ, Corma A. A promoting effect of dilution of Pd sites due to gold surface segregation under reaction conditions on supported Pd–Au catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of 1,5-cyclooctadiene. Catal Today 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Mehl S, Toghan A, Bauer T, Brummel O, Taccardi N, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Pd Nanoparticle Formation in Ionic Liquid Thin Films Monitored by in situ Vibrational Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12126-12139. [PMID: 26479118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are flexible reaction media and solvents for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs). Here, we describe a new preparation method for metallic NPs in nanometer thick films of ultraclean ILs in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environment. CO-covered Pd NPs are formed by simultaneous and by sequential physical vapor deposition (PVD) of the IL and the metal in the presence of low partial pressures of CO. The film thickness and the particle size can be controlled by the deposition parameters. We followed the formation of the NPs and their thermal behavior by time-resolved IR reflection absorption spectroscopy (TP-IRAS) and by temperature-programmed IRAS (TR-IRAS). Codeposition of Pd and [C1C2Im][OTf] in CO at 100 K leads to the growth of homogeneous multilayer films of CO-covered Pd aggregates in an IL matrix. The size of these NPs can be controlled by the metal fraction in the co-deposit. With increasing metal fraction, the size of the Pd NPs also increases. At very low metal content, small Pd carbonyl-like species are formed, which bind CO in on-top geometry only. Upon annealing, the [OTf](-) anion coadsorbs at the NP surface and partially displaces CO. Co-adsorption of CO and IL is indicated by a strong red-shift of the CO stretching bands. While the weakly bound on-top CO is mainly replaced below the melting transition of the IL, coadsorbate shells with bridge-bonded CO and IL are stable well above the melting point. Larger three-dimensional Pd NPs can be prepared by PVD of Pd onto a solid [C1C2Im][OTf] film at 100 K. Upon annealing, on-top CO desorbs from these NPs below 200 K. Upon melting of the IL film, the CO-covered Pd NPs immerse into the IL and again form a stable coadsorbate shell that consists of bridge-bonded CO and the IL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arafat Toghan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University , 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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35
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Ye J, Ge Q, Liu CJ. Effect of PdIn bimetallic particle formation on CO 2 reduction over the Pd–In/SiO 2 catalyst. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Luo L, Hua Q, Jiang Z, Huang W. A pulse chemisorption/reaction system for in situ and time-resolved DRIFTS studies of catalytic reactions on solid surfaces. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:064103. [PMID: 24985827 DOI: 10.1063/1.4884795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A pulse chemisorption/reaction system in combination with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer equipped with a diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transformed spectroscopy (DRIFTS) reaction cell and online mass spectrometer is described in detail. Such a system provides an approach to effectively suppress the interference of the gas-phase reactants to the vibrational signals of surface adsorbates during the operando DRIFTS measurements and, thus, allows for in situ and real-time monitor of surface species on catalyst surfaces during chemisorption/reaction processes. Employing this system, we successfully acquired DRIFTS spectra that clearly demonstrate surface species formed by propylene chemisorption and reaction on octahedral Cu2O nanocrystals; we also observed simultaneous chemisorption of CO on top, twofold, and threefold bridged sites of Pd nanoparticles supported on SiO2 upon the collision of CO prior to the saturation of strongly bound sites and the transformation of weakly bound CO(a) into strongly bound CO(a) during the dynamic chemisorption-desorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfeng Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qing Hua
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhiquan Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Weixin Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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37
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Partial hydrogenation of acetylene using highly stable dispersed bimetallic Pd–Ga/MgO–Al2O3 catalyst. J Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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38
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Armbrüster M, Behrens M, Föttinger K, Friedrich M, Gaudry É, Matam SK, Sharma HR. The Intermetallic Compound ZnPd and Its Role in Methanol Steam Reforming. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2013.796192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Pd-Fe/α-Al2O3/cordierite monolithic catalysts for the synthesis of dimethyl oxalate: effects of calcination and structure. Front Chem Sci Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-012-1212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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40
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Effect of reduction in liquid phase on the properties and the catalytic activity of Pd/Al2O3 catalysts. J Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2011.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Pérez Y, Ruiz-González ML, González-Calbet JM, Concepción P, Boronat M, Corma A. Shape-dependent catalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles embedded in SiO2 and TiO2. Catal Today 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Muglali MI, Liu J, Bashir A, Borissov D, Xu M, Wang Y, Wöll C, Rohwerder M. On the complexation kinetics for metallization of organic layers: palladium onto a pyridine-terminated araliphatic thiol film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:4703-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40072c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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The relationship between the structural properties of bimetallic Pd–Sn/SiO2 catalysts and their performance for selective citral hydrogenation. J Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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44
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Steinrück HP, Libuda J, Wasserscheid P, Cremer T, Kolbeck C, Laurin M, Maier F, Sobota M, Schulz PS, Stark M. Surface science and model catalysis with ionic liquid-modified materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:2571-2587. [PMID: 21520462 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Materials making use of thin ionic liquid (IL) films as support-modifying functional layer open up a variety of new possibilities in heterogeneous catalysis, which range from the tailoring of gas-surface interactions to the immobilization of molecularly defined reactive sites. The present report reviews recent progress towards an understanding of "supported ionic liquid phase (SILP)" and "solid catalysts with ionic liquid layer (SCILL)" materials at the microscopic level, using a surface science and model catalysis type of approach. Thin film IL systems can be prepared not only ex-situ, but also in-situ under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions using atomically well-defined surfaces as substrates, for example by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Due to their low vapor pressure, these systems can be studied in UHV using the full spectrum of surface science techniques. We discuss general strategies and considerations of this approach and exemplify the information available from complementary methods, specifically photoelectron spectroscopy and surface vibrational spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-P Steinrück
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie 2 and Erlangen Catalysis, Resource Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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45
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Zhang W, Zhu Y, Niu S, Li Y. A study of furfural decarbonylation on K-doped Pd/Al2O3 catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2010.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Lamberti C, Zecchina A, Groppo E, Bordiga S. Probing the surfaces of heterogeneous catalysts by in situ IR spectroscopy. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:4951-5001. [PMID: 21038053 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00117a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This critical review describes the reactivity of heterogeneous catalysts from the point of view of four simple, but essential for Chemistry, molecules (namely dihydrogen, carbon monoxide, nitrogen monoxide and ethylene) that are considered as probes or as reactants in combination with "in situ" controlled temperature and pressure Infrared spectroscopy. The fundamental properties of H(2), CO, NO and C(2)H(4) are shortly described in order to justify their different behaviour in respect of isolated sites in different environments, extended surfaces, clusters, crystalline or amorphous materials. The description is given by considering some "key studies" and trying to evidence similarities and differences among surfaces and probes (572 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Inorganic, Physical and Materials Chemistry, NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin. Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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47
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Honciuc A, Laurin M, Albu S, Sobota M, Schmuki P, Libuda J. Controlling the adsorption kinetics via nanostructuring: Pd nanoparticles on TiO2 nanotubes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:14014-14023. [PMID: 20698520 DOI: 10.1021/la102163a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Activity and selectivity of supported catalysts critically depend on transport and adsorption properties. Combining self-organized porous oxide films with different metal deposition techniques, we have prepared novel Pd/TiO(2) catalysts with a new level of structural control. It is shown that these systems make it possible to tune adsorption kinetics via their nanostructure. Self-organized TiO(2) nanotubular arrays (TiNTs) prepared by electrochemical methods are used as a support, on which Pd particles are deposited. Whereas physical vapor deposition (PVD) in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) allows us to selectively grow Pd particles at the tube orifice, Pd/TiNT systems with homogeneously distributed Pd aggregates inside the tubes are available by particle precipitation (PP) from solution. Both methods also provide control over particle size and loading. Using in-situ infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) and molecular beam (MB) methods, we illustrate the relation between the nanostructure of the Pd/TiNT systems and their adsorption kinetics. Control over the metal nanoparticle distribution in the nanotubes leads to drastic differences in adsorption probability and saturation behavior. These differences are rationalized based on differences in surface and gas phase transport resulting from their nanostructure. The results suggest that using carefully designed metal/TiNT systems it may be possible to tailor transport processes in catalytically active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Honciuc
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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48
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Sobota M, Schmid M, Happel M, Amende M, Maier F, Steinrück HP, Paape N, Wasserscheid P, Laurin M, Gottfried JM, Libuda J. Ionic liquid based model catalysis: interaction of [BMIM][Tf2N] with Pd nanoparticles supported on an ordered alumina film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:10610-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c003753b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Pd/SiO2 as Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Heck Reaction: Evidence for a Sensitivity to the Surface Structure of Supported Particles. Catal Letters 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-009-0050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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50
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Föttinger K, Schlögl R, Rupprechter G. The mechanism of carbonate formation on Pd-Al2O3 catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:320-2. [PMID: 18399194 DOI: 10.1039/b713161e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopic investigations of the adsorption of isotopically labelled and unlabelled CO and CO2 reveal that carbonate formation on Pd-alumina catalysts occurs via an "oxygen down" reaction of CO with hydroxyl groups on the support, whereas CO dissociation on Pd can be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Föttinger
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210, Vienna, Austria
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