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Kc S, Nguyen KH, Nicholson V, Walgren A, Trent T, Gollub E, Ramero S, Holehouse AS, Sukenik S, Boothby TC. Disordered proteins interact with the chemical environment to tune their protective function during drying. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.28.582506. [PMID: 38464187 PMCID: PMC10925285 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.28.582506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The conformational ensemble and function of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are sensitive to their solution environment. The inherent malleability of disordered proteins combined with the exposure of their residues accounts for this sensitivity. One context in which IDPs play important roles that is concomitant with massive changes to the intracellular environment is during desiccation (extreme drying). The ability of organisms to survive desiccation has long been linked to the accumulation of high levels of cosolutes such as trehalose or sucrose as well as the enrichment of IDPs, such as late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins or cytoplasmic abundant heat soluble (CAHS) proteins. Despite knowing that IDPs play important roles and are co-enriched alongside endogenous, species-specific cosolutes during desiccation, little is known mechanistically about how IDP-cosolute interactions influence desiccation tolerance. Here, we test the notion that the protective function of desiccation-related IDPs is enhanced through conformational changes induced by endogenous cosolutes. We find that desiccation-related IDPs derived from four different organisms spanning two LEA protein families and the CAHS protein family, synergize best with endogenous cosolutes during drying to promote desiccation protection. Yet the structural parameters of protective IDPs do not correlate with synergy for either CAHS or LEA proteins. We further demonstrate that for CAHS, but not LEA proteins, synergy is related to self-assembly and the formation of a gel. Our results suggest that functional synergy between IDPs and endogenous cosolutes is a convergent desiccation protection strategy seen among different IDP families and organisms, yet, the mechanisms underlying this synergy differ between IDP families.
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Iñaki Gamero-Barraza J, Antonio Pámanes-Carrasco G, Delgado E, Patricia Cabrales-Arellano C, Medrano-Roldán H, Gallegos-Ibáñez D, Wedwitschka H, Reyes-Jáquez D. Computational modelling of extrusion process temperatures on the interactions between black soldier fly larvae protein and corn flour starch. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2024; 8:100202. [PMID: 38586156 PMCID: PMC10995973 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2024.100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Insects such as the black soldier fly (BSF) are recently being studied as food sources to address concerns about how to meet the food demand of the growing world population, as conventional production lines for meat proteins are currently unsustainable sources. Studies have been conducted evaluating the use of insect proteins to produce extruded foods such as expanded snacks and meat analogues. However, this field of study is still quite new and not much has been studied beyond digestibility and growth performance. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the compatibility of protein extracted from BSF flour with corn flour starch within an extruded balanced shrimp feed model through molecular dynamics simulations, for which cohesive energy density and solubility parameter (δ) of both components were determined. The calculations' results for the protein molecule systems yielded an average δ of 14.961 MPa0.5, while the δ for starch was calculated to be 23.166 MPa0.5. The range of difference between both δ (10 > δ > 7) suggests that the interaction of the BSF protein with corn starch is of a semi-miscible nature. These results suggest that it is possible to obtain a stable starch-protein mixture through the extrusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iñaki Gamero-Barraza
- TecNM/I.T.Durango. Posgrado en Ingeniería Bioquímica Felipe Pescador 1803, Nueva Vizcaya, 34080 Durango, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Gerardo Antonio Pámanes-Carrasco
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Juárez del Estado Durango/ Durango - Mezquital Km 11.5, 34307 Durango, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Efrén Delgado
- Food Science and Technology, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA
| | | | - Hiram Medrano-Roldán
- TecNM/I.T.Durango. Posgrado en Ingeniería Bioquímica Felipe Pescador 1803, Nueva Vizcaya, 34080 Durango, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Daniela Gallegos-Ibáñez
- Department of Biochemical Conversion, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße116, 04347, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Harald Wedwitschka
- Department of Biochemical Conversion, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße116, 04347, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Damián Reyes-Jáquez
- TecNM/I.T.Durango. Posgrado en Ingeniería Bioquímica Felipe Pescador 1803, Nueva Vizcaya, 34080 Durango, Dgo., Mexico
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3
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Mahant S, Snider JR, Petters SS, Petters MD. Effect of Aerosol Size on Glass Transition Temperature. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7509-7515. [PMID: 39018543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The amorphous phase state of suspended nanoparticles affects their atmospheric lifetimes and environmental impact. Influence of relative humidity and chemical composition on the glass-to-liquid transition is well-known. However, the influence of the particle size on the phase transition remains uncertain. Here we show experimental data that probe the amorphous phase transition of suspended sucrose particles as a function of particle size. The depression in glass-transition temperature follows the Gibbs-Thomson or Keesom-Laplace predicted proportionality of ΔTg ∝ D-1 for particles 100-700 nm in diameter, but the proportionality changes to ΔTg ∝ D-1/2 for smaller sizes. Literature data for glass-transition temperature depression in thin films and nanoconfined compounds show similar and strong deviations from the expected D-1 behavior. While the observed proportionalities remain incompletely understood, the results here provide evidence that the deviation from ΔTg ∝ D-1 is not attributable to substrate effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunandan Mahant
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Jefferson R Snider
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
| | - Sarah S Petters
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Markus D Petters
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92507, United States
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4
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Lee CY, So YS, Yoo SH, Lee BH, Seo DH. Impact of artificial sweeteners and rare sugars on the gut microbiome. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:2047-2064. [PMID: 39130663 PMCID: PMC11315849 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-024-01597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternative sugars are often used as sugar substitutes because of their low calories and glycemic index. Recently, consumption of these sweeteners in diet foods and beverages has increased dramatically, raising concerns about their health effects. This review examines the types and characteristics of artificial sweeteners and rare sugars and analyzes their impact on the gut microbiome. In the section on artificial sweeteners, we have described the chemical structures of different sweeteners, their digestion and absorption processes, and their effects on the gut microbiota. We have also discussed the biochemical properties and production methods of rare sugars and their positive and negative effects on gut microbial communities. Finally, we have described how artificial sweeteners and rare sugars alter the gut microbiome and how these changes affect the gut environment. Our observations aim to improve our understanding regarding the potential health implications of the consumption of artificial sweeteners and low-calorie sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang So
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoo Lee
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896 Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006 Republic of Korea
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5
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Park J, Liu R, Kim AS, Cyr NN, Boehlein SK, Resende MFR, Savin DA, Bailey LS, Sumerlin BS, Hudalla GA. Sweet corn phytoglycogen dendrimers as a lyoprotectant for dry-state protein storage. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 38856491 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Protein biotherapeutics typically require expensive cold-chain storage to maintain their fold and function. Packaging proteins in the dry state via lyophilization can reduce these cold-chain requirements. However, formulating proteins for lyophilization often requires extensive optimization of excipients that both maintain the protein folded state during freezing and drying (i.e., "cryoprotection" and "lyoprotection"), and form a cake to carry the dehydrated protein. Here we show that sweet corn phytoglycogens, which are glucose dendrimers, can act as both a protein lyoprotectant and a cake-forming agent. Phytoglycogen (PG) dendrimers from 16 different maize sources (PG1-16) were extracted via ethanol precipitation. PG size was generally consistent at ~70-100 nm for all variants, whereas the colloidal stability in water, protein contaminant level, and maximum density of cytocompatibility varied for PG1-16. 10 mg/mL PG1, 2, 9, 13, 15, and 16 maintained the activity of various proteins, including green fluorescent protein, lysozyme, β-galactosidase, and horseradish peroxidase, over a broad range of concentrations, through multiple rounds of lyophilization. PG13 was identified as the lead excipient candidate as it demonstrated narrow dispersity, colloidal stability in phosphate-buffered saline, low protein contaminants, and cytocompatibility up to 10 mg/mL in NIH3T3 cell cultures. All dry protein-PG13 mixtures had a cake-like appearance and all frozen protein-PG13 mixtures had a Tg' of ~ -26°C. The lyoprotection and cake-forming properties of PG13 were density-dependent, requiring a minimum density of 5 mg/mL for maximum activity. Collectively these data establish PG dendrimers as a new class of excipient to formulate proteins in the dry state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junha Park
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Renjie Liu
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexander S Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Noah N Cyr
- Polymer Chemical Characterization Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Susan K Boehlein
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marcio F R Resende
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel A Savin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Polymer Chemical Characterization Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Laura S Bailey
- Polymer Chemical Characterization Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Brent S Sumerlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Polymer Chemical Characterization Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Gregory A Hudalla
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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AboulFotouh K, Almanza G, Yu YS, Joyce R, Davenport GJ, Cano C, Williams Iii RO, Zanetti M, Cui Z. Inhalable dry powders of microRNA-laden extracellular vesicles prepared by thin-film freeze-drying. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123757. [PMID: 38160992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are endogenous vesicles that comprise a variety of submicron vesicular structures. Among these, exosomes have been widely investigated as delivery systems for small and large molecules. Herein, the thin-film freeze-drying technology was utilized to engineer aerosolizable dry powders of miR-335-laden induced EVs (iEV-335) generated in B cells for potential delivery into the lung to treat primary lung cancer and/or pulmonary metastases. The size distribution, structure, and morphology of iEV-335 were preserved after they were subjected to thin-film freeze-drying with the proper excipients. Importantly, iEV-335, in liquid or reconstituted from thin-film freeze-dried powders, were equally effective in downregulating SOX4 gene expression in LM2 human triple-negative mammary cancer cells. The iEV-335 dry powder compositions showed mass median aerodynamic diameters (MMAD) of around 1.2 µm with > 60 % of the emitted doses had an MMAD of ≤ 3 µm, indicating that the powders can potentially achieve efficient deposition within the alveolar region following oral inhalation, which is desirable for treatment of primary lung cancer and pulmonary metastases. Overall, it is concluded that it is feasible to apply thin-film freeze-drying to prepare aerosolizable dry powders of iEVs for pulmonary delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled AboulFotouh
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Gonzalo Almanza
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; FutuRNA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Yu
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Robert Joyce
- FutuRNA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gregory J Davenport
- TFF Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 1751 River Run, Suite 400, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Chris Cano
- TFF Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 1751 River Run, Suite 400, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Robert O Williams Iii
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Maurizio Zanetti
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; FutuRNA Pharmaceuticals, Inc., La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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7
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AboulFotouh K, Southard B, Dao HM, Xu H, Moon C, Williams Iii RO, Cui Z. Effect of lipid composition on RNA-Lipid nanoparticle properties and their sensitivity to thin-film freezing and drying. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123688. [PMID: 38070660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A library of 16 lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations with orthogonally varying lipid molar ratios was designed and synthesized, using polyadenylic acid [poly(A)] as a model for mRNA, to explore the effect of lipid composition in LNPs on (i) the initial size of the resultant LNPs and encapsulation efficiency of RNA and (ii) the sensitivity of the LNPs to various conditions including cold storage, freezing (slow vs. rapid) and thawing, and drying. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was employed to identify the optimal lipid molar ratios and interactions that favorably affect the physical properties of the LNPs and enhance their stability in various stress conditions. LNPs exhibited distinct responses under each stress condition, highlighting the effect of lipid molar ratios and lipid interactions on the LNP physical properties and stability. It was then demonstrated that it is feasible to use thin-film freeze-drying to convert poly(A)-LNPs from liquid dispersions to dry powders while maintaining the integrity of the LNPs. Importantly, the residual moisture content in LNP dry powders significantly affected the LNP integrity.Residual moisture content of ≤ 0.5% or > 3-3.5% w/w negatively affected the LNP size and/or RNA encapsulation efficiency, depending on the LNP composition. Finally, it was shown that the thin-film freeze-dried LNP powders have desirable aerosol properties for potential pulmonary delivery. It was concluded that Design of Experiments can be applied to identify mRNA-LNP formulations with the desired physical properties and stability profiles. Additionally, optimizing the residual moisture content in mRNA-LNP dry powders during (thin-film) freeze-drying is crucial to maintain the physical properties of the LNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled AboulFotouh
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Benjamin Southard
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Huy M Dao
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Haiyue Xu
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Chaeho Moon
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Robert O Williams Iii
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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8
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Poka MS, Milne M, Wessels A, Aucamp M. Sugars and Polyols of Natural Origin as Carriers for Solubility and Dissolution Enhancement. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2557. [PMID: 38004536 PMCID: PMC10675835 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystalline carriers such as dextrose, sucrose, galactose, mannitol, sorbitol, and isomalt have been reported to increase the solubility, and dissolution rates of poorly soluble drugs when employed as carriers in solid dispersions (SDs). However, synthetic polymers dominate the preparation of drugs: excipient SDs have been created in recent years, but these polymer-based SDs exhibit the major drawback of recrystallisation upon storage. Also, the use of high-molecular-weight polymers with increased chain lengths brings forth problems such as increased viscosity and unnecessary bulkiness in the resulting dosage form. An ideal SD carrier should be hydrophilic, non-hygroscopic, have high hydrogen-bonding propensity, have a high glass transition temperature (Tg), and be safe to use. This review discusses sugars and polyols as suitable carriers for SDs, as they possess several ideal characteristics. Recently, the use of low-molecular-weight excipients has gained much interest in developing SDs. However, there are limited options available for safe, low molecular excipients, which opens the door again for sugars and polyols. The major points of this review focus on the successes and failures of employing sugars and polyols in the preparation of SDs in the past, recent advances, and potential future applications for the solubility enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Sai Poka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Marnus Milne
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Anita Wessels
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen), North-West University, Hoffman Street, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
| | - Marique Aucamp
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Drive, Cape Town 7130, South Africa
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Moeun BN, Fernandez SA, Collin S, Gauvin-Rossignol G, Lescot T, Fortin MA, Ruel J, Bégin-Drolet A, Leask RL, Hoesli CA. Improving the 3D Printability of Sugar Glass to Engineer Sacrificial Vascular Templates. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:869-886. [PMID: 37886415 PMCID: PMC10599441 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
A prominent obstacle in scaling up tissue engineering technologies for human applications is engineering an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients throughout artificial tissues. Sugar glass has emerged as a promising 3D-printable, sacrificial material that can be used to embed perfusable networks within cell-laden matrices to improve mass transfer. To characterize and optimize a previously published sugar ink, we investigated the effects of sucrose, glucose, and dextran concentration on the glass transition temperature (Tg), printability, and stability of 3D-printed sugar glass constructs. We identified a sucrose ink formulation with a significantly higher Tg (40.0 ± 0.9°C) than the original formulation (sucrose-glucose blend, Tg = 26.2 ± 0.4°C), which demonstrated a pronounced improvement in printability, resistance to bending, and final print stability, all without changing dissolution kinetics and decomposition temperature. This formulation allowed printing of 10-cm-long horizontal cantilever filaments, which can enable the printing of complex vascular segments along the x-, y-, and z-axes without the need for supporting structures. Vascular templates with a single inlet and outlet branching into nine channels were 3D printed using the improved formulation and subsequently used to generate perfusable alginate constructs. The printed lattice showed high fidelity with respect to the input geometry, although with some channel deformation after alginate casting and gelation-likely due to alginate swelling. Compared with avascular controls, no significant acute cytotoxicity was noted when casting pancreatic beta cell-laden alginate constructs around improved ink filaments, whereas a significant decrease in cell viability was observed with the original ink. The improved formulation lends more flexibility to sugar glass 3D printing by facilitating the fabrication of larger, more complex, and more stable sacrificial networks. Rigorous characterization and optimization methods for improving sacrificial inks may facilitate the fabrication of functional cellular constructs for tissue engineering, cellular biology, and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simon Collin
- Mechanical Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Theophraste Lescot
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CR-CHUQ), Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Département de Génie des Mines, de la Métallurgie et des Matériaux, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-André Fortin
- Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CR-CHUQ), Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Département de Génie des Mines, de la Métallurgie et des Matériaux, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Ruel
- Mechanical Engineering, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Corinne A. Hoesli
- Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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10
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Orozco Cabral JA, Lee PC, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Comizzoli P, Elliott GD. The Effect of Choline Salt Addition to Trehalose Solution for Long-Term Storage of Dried and Viable Nuclei from Fully Grown Oocytes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1000. [PMID: 37760102 PMCID: PMC10525460 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although drying techniques are exciting alternatives to cryopreservation, it remains challenging to maintain tightly controlled temperatures and humidity levels during storage of dried products. The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of choline acetate to trehalose solution could enable a wider range of storage conditions for preservation of nuclei from fully grown oocytes, by allowing temporary humidity excursions (>44% relative humidity) that may lead to crystallization of trehalose and loss of DNA integrity. Using domestic cat germinal vesicle oocytes as a model, we characterized the recovery as well as the integrity of samples after microwave-assisted dehydration. Exposure to choline acetate alone did not impair the germinal vesicle's DNA integrity and only had a negative impact on the chromatin configuration. Choline acetate addition enabled us to reach lower moisture contents after 25 min of microwave-assisted drying. Sample recovery after rehydration was also better in the presence of choline acetate. The integrity of the germinal vesicle's DNA was not affected, while the chromatin configuration was impaired by the presence of choline acetate during dehydration. Importantly, choline acetate addition helped to maintain an amorphous state (absence of detrimental crystallization) during excursion from ideal humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Orozco Cabral
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Pei-Chih Lee
- Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA;
| | - Shangping Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Nanoscale Science Graduate Program, University of North Carolina at Charlotte at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Yong Zhang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
| | - Pierre Comizzoli
- Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA;
| | - Gloria D. Elliott
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
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11
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Cui T, Wu X, Mou T, Fan F. Water usability as a descriptive parameter of thermodynamic properties and water mobility in food solids. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:30. [PMID: 37316524 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A classic problem in preservation is the microbes can grow in low-moisture foods. In this paper, the water sorption, and thermodynamic properties of glucose/WPI solid matrices were measured, while their molecular mobility was analyzed and associated with the microbial growth of D. Hansenii at various aw and 30 °C. Although the sorption isotherms, Tg, and relaxation processes of studied matrices were affected by aw and WPI, the microbial growth showed highly dependent on water mobility rather than aw. Hence, we introduced water usability (Uw), derived from the mobility difference between system-involved water and liquid pure water explicating from the classical thermodynamic viewpoint, to describe the dynamic changes of water mobility in glucose/WPI matrices. Despite to aw, the yeast growth rate was enhanced at high Uw matrices concomitantly with a rapid cell doubling time. Therefore, the proposed Uw provides a better understanding of the water relationships of microorganisms in food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cui
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecules Science and Processing, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xukai Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tian Mou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fanghui Fan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Macromolecules Science and Processing, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Iyer J, Brunsteiner M, Modhave D, Paudel A. Role of Crystal Disorder and Mechanoactivation in Solid-State Stability of Pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:1539-1565. [PMID: 36842482 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Common energy-intensive processes applied in oral solid dosage development, such as milling, sieving, blending, compaction, etc. generate particles with surface and bulk crystal disorder. An intriguing aspect of the generated crystal disorder is its evolution and repercussion on the physical- and chemical stabilities of drugs. In this review, we firstly examine the existing literature on crystal disorder and its implications on solid-state stability of pharmaceuticals. Secondly, we discuss the key aspects related to the generation and evolution of crystal disorder, dynamics of the disordered/amorphous phase, analytical techniques to measure/quantify them, and approaches to model the disordering propensity from first principles. The main objective of this compilation is to provide special impetus to predict or model the chemical degradation(s) resulting from processing-induced manifestation in bulk solid manufacturing. Finally, a generic workflow is proposed that can be useful to investigate the relevance of crystal disorder on the degradation of pharmaceuticals during stability studies. The present review will cater to the requirements for developing physically- and chemically stable drugs, thereby enabling early and rational decision-making during candidate screening and in assessing degradation risks associated with formulations and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant Iyer
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria
| | | | - Dattatray Modhave
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria; Graz University of Technology, Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz Austria.
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13
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Brooks SM, Reed KB, Yuan SF, Altin-Yavuzarslan G, Shafranek R, Nelson A, Alper HS. Enhancing long-term storage and stability of engineered living materials through desiccant storage and trehalose treatment. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:572-582. [PMID: 36281490 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Engineered living materials (ELMs) have broad applications for enabling on-demand bioproduction of compounds ranging from small molecules to large proteins. However, most formulations and reports lack the capacity for storage beyond a few months. In this study, we develop an optimized procedure to maximize stress resilience of yeast-laden ELMs through the use of desiccant storage and 10% trehalose incubation before lyophilization. This approach led to over 1-year room temperature storage stability across a range of strain genotypes. In particular, we highlight the superiority of exogenously added trehalose over endogenous, engineered production in yielding robust preservation resilience that is independent of cell state. This simple, effective protocol enables sufficient accumulation of intracellular trehalose over a short period of contact time across a range of strain backgrounds without requiring the overexpression of a trehalose importer. A variety of microscopic analysis including µ-CT and confocal microscopy indicate that cells form spherical colonies within F127-BUM ELMs that have variable viability upon storage. The robustness of the overall procedure developed here highlights the potential for widespread deployment to enable on-demand, cold-chain independent bioproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra M Brooks
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin B Reed
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Shuo-Fu Yuan
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Gokce Altin-Yavuzarslan
- Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ryan Shafranek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alshakim Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hal S Alper
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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14
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Gholami D, Sharafi M, Esmaeili V, Nadri T, Alaei L, Riazi G, Shahverdi A. Beneficial effects of trehalose and gentiobiose on human sperm cryopreservation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0271210. [PMID: 37053285 PMCID: PMC10101468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The protection of human sperm during cryopreservation is of great importance to infertility. Recent studies have shown that this area is still a long way from its ultimate aim of maintaining the maximum viability of sperm in cryopreservation. The present study used trehalose and gentiobiose to prepare the human sperm freezing medium during the freezing-thawing. The freezing medium of sperm was prepared with these sugars, and the sperm were then cryopreserved. The viable cells, sperm motility parameters, sperm morphology, membrane integrity, apoptosis, acrosome integrity, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen radicals, and malondialdehyde concentration was evaluated using standard protocols. A higher percentage of the total and progressive motility, rate of viable sperm, cell membrane integrity, DNA and acrosome integrity, and mitochondrial membrane potential were observed in the two frozen treatment groups compared to the frozen control. The cells had less abnormal morphology due to treatment with the new freezing medium than the frozen control. The higher malondialdehyde and DNA fragmentation were significantly observed in the two frozen treatment groups than in the frozen control. According to the results of this study, the use of trehalose and gentiobiose in the sperm freezing medium is a suitable strategy for sperm freezing to improve its motion and cellular parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Gholami
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
- Department of Embryology at Reproduction Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACER, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sharafi
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Esmaeili
- Department of Embryology at Reproduction Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACER, Tehran, Iran
| | - Touba Nadri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Loghman Alaei
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Riazi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology at Reproduction Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACER, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Deckers F, Rasim K, Schröder C. Molecular dynamics simulation of polypropylene: diffusion and sorption of H2O, H2O2, H2, O2 and determination of the glass transition temperature. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations in the canonical (NVT) and the isothermal-isobaric (NPT) ensemble using COMPASS III molecular force fields were performed to study the penetrant diffusion of water (H2O), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen (O2) in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and hydrogen (H2) in iPP and atactic polypropylene (aPP) for time intervals up to 11 ns and in the case of H2O2 up to 22 ns. We found robust cluster formation in the case of H2O and H2O2. Further, the diffusion coefficients for all these systems were estimated by mean-square displacement analysis. Our results are consistent with previously published experimental and computational data except for the diffusion of H2 in polypropylene where our results are one and two orders of magnitude higher, respectively. Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations were used to determine the sorption loading and saturation concentration of H2O, O2 and H2 in iPP, where we find good agreement for H2O with experimental results. By means of MD simulation the glass transition temperature (Tg) of iPP was estimated to 273.66 ± 4.21 K which is consistent with previously published experimental results.
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16
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Lin Z, Pang Z, Zhang K, Qian Z, Liu Z, Zhang J, Gao Y, Wei Y. Effect of sodium lauryl sulfate-mediated gelation on the suppressed dissolution of crystalline lurasidone hydrochloride and a strategy to mitigate the gelation. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:122035. [PMID: 35863597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In dissolution test, the surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is usually added to increase the dissolution of insoluble drugs and achieve the sink condition. However, the current study found that 0.1 % SLS would significantly decrease the dissolution of crystalline lurasidone hydrochloride (LH, a BCS Ⅱ drug). The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of this unexpected phenomenon and explore a strategy for mitigating the negative effect of SLS on the dissolution of LH. Sample characterizations (such as PLM, DSC, PXRD, IR and NMR) confirmed that the insoluble single-phase amorphous LH-SLS complex (with a single Tg at 35.2 °C) formed during dissolution in 0.1 % SLS aqueous solution via electrostatic interaction, tetrel bond interaction, and hydrophobic effect. Due to the plasticization effect of water, the transition of amorphous LH-SLS from its glassy state to viscous supercooled liquid state led to the gel formation, and suppressd the dissolution of LH. Meanwhile, the solubility curve of LH in SLS aqueous solution at various concentrations exhibited an unusual V-shaped feature, with the CMC value of SLS serving as the inflection point, since the gel degree was attenuated due to the micelle solubilization of SLS. Additionally, an innovative strategy was developed to alleviate the inhibiting effect of SLS on LH dissolution based on the potential competitive interactions. This study not only enriches the internal mechanism of surfactant-inhibited drug dissolution but also informs an effective strategy to mitigate the gelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhi Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Zunting Pang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Ke Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Zhengjie Qian
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Zhenjing Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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17
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Fernandes DA, Costa E, Leandro P, Corvo ML. Formulation of spray dried enzymes for dry powder inhalers: An integrated methodology. Int J Pharm 2022; 615:121492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Song HG, Choi I, Lee JS, Chang Y, Yoon CS, Han J. Whey protein isolate coating material for high oxygen barrier properties: A scale-up study from laboratory to industrial scale and its application to food packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Arayatham S, Buntasana S, Padungros P, Tharasanit T. Membrane-permeable trehalose improves the freezing ability and developmental competence of in-vitro matured feline oocytes. Theriogenology 2022; 181:16-23. [PMID: 35007820 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oocytes are highly sensitive to cryopreservation, which frequently results in an irreversible loss of developmental competence. We examined the effect of membrane-permeable trehalose on the freezing ability of feline oocytes matured in vitro. In Experiment 1, intracellular trehalose (trehalose hexaacetate; Tre-(OAc)6) was synthesized from trehalose precursor and subjected to spectroscopic characterization. The membrane permeability of the Tre-(OAc)6 was investigated by incubating oocytes with different concentrations of Tre-(OAc)6 (3, 15, and 30 mM). Optimum concentration and the toxicity of Tre-(OAc)6 were assessed in Experiment 2. The effects of Tre-(OAc)6 on freezing ability in terms of apoptotic gene expression and developmental competence of in-vitro matured oocytes were examined in Experiments 3 and 4, respectively. The Tre-(OAc)6 permeated into the ooplasm of cat oocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The highest concentration of intracellular trehalose was detected when the oocytes were incubated for 24 h with 30 mM Tre-(OAc)6. For the toxicity test, incubation of oocytes with 3 mM Tre-(OAc)6 for 24 h did not affect maturation rate and embryo development. However, high doses of Tre-(OAc)6 (15 and 30 mM) significantly reduced maturation and fertilization rates (p < 0.05). In addition, frozen-thawed oocytes treated with 3 mM Tre-(OAc)6 significantly upregulated anti-apoptotic (BCL-2) gene expression compared with the control (0 mM) and other Tre-(OAc)6 concentrations (15 and 30 mM). Oocyte maturation in the presence of 3 mM Tre-(OAc)6 prior to cryopreservation significantly improved oocyte developmental competence in terms of cleavage and blastocyst rates when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Our results lead us to infer that increasing the levels of intracellular trehalose by Tre-(OAc)6 during oocyte maturation improves the freezing ability of feline oocytes, albeit at specific concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saengtawan Arayatham
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Supanat Buntasana
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Panuwat Padungros
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Theerawat Tharasanit
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Veterinary Clinical Stem Cells and Bioengineering Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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20
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Kaushik M, Lingua H, Stevanato G, Elokova M, Lelli M, Lesage A, Ouari O. Trehalose Matrices for High Temperature Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced Solid State NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:12167-12175. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00970f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) at cryogenic temperatures has proved to be a valuable technique to enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Over the years, sample formulations have been optimized...
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21
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Zamecnik J, Faltus M, Bilavcik A. Vitrification Solutions for Plant Cryopreservation: Modification and Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2623. [PMID: 34961099 PMCID: PMC8707230 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Many plants cannot vitrify themselves because they lack glassy state-inducing substances and/or have high water content. Therefore, cryoprotectants are used to induce vitrification. A cryoprotectant must have at least the following primary abilities: high glass-forming property, dehydration strength on a colligative basis to dehydrate plant cells to induce the vitrification state, and must not be toxic for plants. This review introduces the compounds used for vitrification solutions (VSs), their properties indicating a modification of different plant vitrification solutions, their modifications in the compounds, and/or their concentration. An experimental comparison is listed based on the survival or regeneration rate of one particular species after using more than three different VSs or their modifications. A brief overview of various cryopreservation methods using the Plant Vitrification Solution (PVS) is also included. This review can help in alert researchers to newly introduced PVSs for plant vitrification cryoprotocols, their properties, and the choice of their modifications in the compounds and/or their concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Zamecnik
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 16106 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.F.); (A.B.)
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22
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Sharma A, Khamar D, Cullen S, Hayden A, Hughes H. Innovative Drying Technologies for Biopharmaceuticals. Int J Pharm 2021; 609:121115. [PMID: 34547393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades, biopharmaceuticals have been a breakthrough in improving the quality of lives of patients with various cancers, autoimmune, genetic disorders etc. With the growing demand of biopharmaceuticals, the need for reducing manufacturing costs is essential without compromising on the safety, quality, and efficacy of products. Batch Freeze-drying is the primary commercial means of manufacturing solid biopharmaceuticals. However, Freeze-drying is an economically unfriendly means of production with long production cycles, high energy consumption and heavy capital investment, resulting in high overall costs. This review compiles some potential, innovative drying technologies that have not gained popularity for manufacturing parenteral biopharmaceuticals. Some of these technologies such as Spin-freeze-drying, Spray-drying, Lynfinity® Technology etc. offer a paradigm shift towards continuous manufacturing, whereas PRINT® Technology and MicroglassificationTM allow controlled dry particle characteristics. Also, some of these drying technologies can be easily scaled-up with reduced requirement for different validation processes. The inclusion of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) and offline characterization techniques in tandem can provide additional information on the Critical Process Parameters (CPPs) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQAs) during biopharmaceutical processing. These processing technologies can be envisaged to increase the manufacturing capacity for biopharmaceutical products at reduced costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Sharma
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Dikshitkumar Khamar
- Sanofi, Manufacturing Science, Analytics and Technology (MSAT), IDA Industrial Park, Waterford X91TP27, Ireland
| | - Sean Cullen
- Gilead Sciences, Commercial Manufacturing, IDA Business & Technology Park, Carrigtwohill, Co. Cork T45DP77, Ireland
| | - Ambrose Hayden
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
| | - Helen Hughes
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Waterford Institute of Technology, Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91K0EK, Ireland
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Armamentarium of Cryoprotectants in Peptide Vaccines: Mechanistic Insight, Challenges, Opportunities and Future Prospects. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021; 27:2965-2982. [PMID: 34690621 PMCID: PMC8524217 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are designed to leverage the immune system and produce long-lasting protection against specific diseases. Peptide vaccines are regarded as safe and effective way of circumventing problems such as mild allergic reactions associated with conventional vaccines. The biggest challenges associated with formulation of peptide vaccines are stability issues and conformational changes which lead to destruction of their activity when exposed to lyophilization process that may act as stressors. Lyophilization process is aimed at removal of water which involves freezing, primary drying and secondary drying. To safeguard the peptide molecules from such stresses, cryoprotectants are used to offer them viability and structural stability. This paper is an attempt to understand the physicochemical properties of peptide vaccines, mechanism of cryoprotection under the shed of water replacement, water substitution theory and cation-pi interaction theory of amino acids which aims at shielding the peptide from external environment by formation of hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds or cation-pi interaction between cryoprotectant and peptide followed by selection criteria of cryoprotectants and their utility in peptide vaccines development along with challenges and opportunities.
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24
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Groёl S, Menzen T, Winter G. Calorimetric Investigation of the Relaxation Phenomena in Amorphous Lyophilized Solids. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1735. [PMID: 34684028 PMCID: PMC8538343 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the thermal history and relaxation of solid amorphous drug product matrices by calorimetry is a well-known approach, particularly in the context of correlating the matrix parameters with the long-term stability of freeze-dried protein drug products. Such calorimetric investigations are even more relevant today, as the application of new process techniques in freeze-drying (which strongly influence the thermal history of the products) has recently gained more interest. To revive the application of calorimetric methods, the widely scattered knowledge on this matter is condensed into a review and completed with new experimental data. The calorimetric methods are applied to recent techniques in lyophilization, such as controlled nucleation and aggressive/collapse drying. Phenomena such as pre-Tg events in differential scanning calorimetry and aging shoulders in isothermal microcalorimetry are critically reviewed and supplemented with data of freeze-dried products that have not been characterized with these methods before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Groёl
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Menzen
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, 82152 Munich, Germany;
| | - Gerhard Winter
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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26
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Burrington LR, Watts KR, Oza JP. Characterizing and Improving Reaction Times for E. coli-Based Cell-Free Protein Synthesis. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:1821-1829. [PMID: 34269580 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a platform biotechnology that has enabled the on-demand synthesis of proteins for a variety of applications. Numerous advances have improved the productivity of the CFPS platform to result in high-yielding reactions; however, many applications remain limited due to long reaction times. To overcome this limitation, we first established the benchmarks reaction times for CFPS across in-house E. coli extracts and commercial kits. We then set out to fine-tune our in-house extract systems to improve reaction times. Through the optimization of reaction composition and titration of low-cost additives, we have identified formulations that reduce reaction times by 30-50% to obtain high protein titers for biomanufacturing applications, and reduce times by more than 50% to reach the sfGFP detection limit for applications in education and diagnostics. Under optimum conditions, we report the visible observation of sfGFP signal in less than 10 min. Altogether, these advances enhance the utility of CFPS as a rapid, user-defined platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan R. Burrington
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Katharine R. Watts
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Javin P. Oza
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
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27
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Chen Y, Ling J, Li M, Su Y, Arte KS, Mutukuri TT, Taylor LS, Munson EJ, Topp EM, Zhou QT. Understanding the Impact of Protein-Excipient Interactions on Physical Stability of Spray-Dried Protein Solids. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:2657-2668. [PMID: 34096731 PMCID: PMC10042268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mannitol, leucine, and trehalose have been widely used in spray-dried formulations, especially for inhalation formulations. The individual contribution of these excipients on protein physical stability in spray-dried solids was studied here using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein. The spray-dried solids were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and solid-state Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to analyze particle morphology, crystallinity, and secondary structure change, respectively. Advanced solid-state characterizations were conducted with solid-state hydrogen-deuterium exchange (ssHDX) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) to explore protein conformation and molecular interactions in the context of the system physical stability. Trehalose remained amorphous after spray-drying and was miscible with BSA, forming hydrogen bonds to maintain protein conformation, whereby this system showed the least monomer loss in the stability study. As indicated by ssNMR, both crystalline and amorphous forms of mannitol existed in the spray-dried BSA-mannitol solids, which explained its partial stabilizing effect on BSA. Leucine showed the strongest crystallization tendency after spray-drying and did not provide a stabilizing effect due to substantial immiscibility and phase separation with BSA as a result of crystal formation. This work showed novel applications of ssNMR in examining protein conformation and protein-excipient interaction in dry formulations. Overall, our results demonstrate the pivotal role of advanced solid-state characterization techniques in understanding the physical stability of spray-dried protein solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jing Ling
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Comapny, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mingyue Li
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Company, Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yongchao Su
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Company, Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Kinnari Santosh Arte
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Tarun Tejasvi Mutukuri
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Eric J Munson
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Topp
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.,National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Belfield, Blackrock, Company, Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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28
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Merivaara A, Zini J, Koivunotko E, Valkonen S, Korhonen O, Fernandes FM, Yliperttula M. Preservation of biomaterials and cells by freeze-drying: Change of paradigm. J Control Release 2021; 336:480-498. [PMID: 34214597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Freeze-drying is the most widespread method to preserve protein drugs and vaccines in a dry form facilitating their storage and transportation without the laborious and expensive cold chain. Extending this method for the preservation of natural biomaterials and cells in a dry form would provide similar benefits, but most results in the domain are still below expectations. In this review, rather than consider freeze-drying as a traditional black box we "break it" through a detailed process thinking approach. We discuss freeze-drying from process thinking aspects, introduce the chemical, physical, and mechanical environments important in this process, and present advanced biophotonic process analytical technology. In the end, we review the state of the art in the freeze-drying of the biomaterials, extracellular vesicles, and cells. We suggest that the rational design of the experiment and implementation of advanced biophotonic tools are required to successfully preserve the natural biomaterials and cells by freeze-drying. We discuss this change of paradigm with existing literature and elaborate on our perspective based on our new unpublished results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arto Merivaara
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jacopo Zini
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elle Koivunotko
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sami Valkonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ossi Korhonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Francisco M Fernandes
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Faculté de Sciences, Sorbonne Université, UMR7574, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Increasing robustness, reliability and storage stability of critical reagents by freeze-drying. Bioanalysis 2021; 13:829-840. [PMID: 33890493 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Stabilization of critical reagents by freeze-drying would facilitate storage and transportation at ambient temperatures, and simultaneously enable constant reagent performance for long-term bioanalytical support throughout drug development. Freeze-drying as a generic process for stable performance and storage of critical reagents was investigated by establishing an universal formulation buffer and lyophilization process. Results: Using a storage-labile model protein, formulation buffers were evaluated to preserve reagent integrity during the freeze-drying process, and to retain functional performance after temperature stress. Application to critical reagents used in pharmacokinetics and anti-drug antibodies assays demonstrated stable functional performance of the reagents after 11 month at +40°C. Conclusion: Stabilization and storage of critical assay reagents by freeze-drying is an attractive alternative to traditional deep freezing.
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Han DJ, Lee BH, Yoo SH. Physicochemical properties of turanose and its potential applications as a sucrose substitute. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:433-441. [PMID: 33868754 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-00876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the structural isomers of sucrose, turanose has been considered as one of good candidates as novel sweetener due to its mild taste, low calorie, and anti-cariogenicity. Here, various physicochemical properties of turanose, such as solubility, temperature and pH stabilities, viscosity, non-enzymatic browning reaction, and dynamic vapor sorption, were investigated by comparing them to those of other commercial sugars. Turanose did not significantly hydrolyze through the simulated digestion tract overall but in the artificial small intestinal environment specifically, turanose degraded by only 18% when sucrose was hydrolyzed by 36% after 4 h. In addition, physicochemical properties of turanose confirmed that it had a potential to replace sucrose due to similar or better product qualities as a food ingredient than other types of sugars with similar chemical structure. Thus, our study suggests that turanose can be applied as a functional sweetener or bulking agent in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Joo Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006 Republic of Korea
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31
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Mutukuri TT, Wilson NE, Taylor LS, Topp EM, Zhou QT. Effects of drying method and excipient on the structure and physical stability of protein solids: Freeze drying vs. spray freeze drying. Int J Pharm 2020; 594:120169. [PMID: 33333176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the impacts of drying method and excipient on changes in protein structure and physical stability of model protein solids. Protein solids containing one of two model proteins (lysozyme or myoglobin) were produced with or without excipients (sucrose or mannitol) using freeze drying or spray freeze drying (SFD). The protein powders were then characterized using solid-state Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ssFTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), circular dichroism spectrometry (CD), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), BET surface area measurements and solid-state hydrogen deuterium exchange with mass spectrometry (ssHDX-MS). ssFTIR and CD could identify little to no difference in structure of the proteins in the formulation. ssHDX-MS was able to identify the population heterogeneity, which was undetectable by conventional characterization techniques of ssFTIR and CD. ssHDX-MS metrics such as Dmax and peak area showed a good correlation with the protein physical instability (loss of the monomeric peak area by size exclusion chromatography) in 90-day stability studies conducted at 40 °C for lysozyme. Higher specific surface area was associated with greater loss in monomer content for myoglobin-mannitol formulations as compared to myoglobin-only formulations. Spray freeze drying seems a viable manufacturing technique for protein solids with appropriate optimization of formulations. The differences observed within the formulations and between the processes using ssHDX-MS, BET surface area measurements and SEC in this study provide an insight into the influence of drying methods and excipients on protein physical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Tejasvi Mutukuri
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nathan E Wilson
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Topp
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Belfield, Blackrock, Co. Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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32
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Bellissent-Funel MC. Water confined in solutions of biological relevance. PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In many relevant situations, water is not in its bulk form but instead attached to some substrates or filling some cavities. We shall call water in the latter environment confined water as opposed to bulk water. It is known that the confined water is essential for the stability and the function of biological macromolecules. In this paper, we provide a review of the experimental and computational advances over the past decades concerning the understanding of the structure and dynamics of water confined in aqueous solutions of biological relevance. Examples involving water in solution of organic solutes (cryoprotectants such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), sugars such as trehalose) are provided.
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Qiang Y, Wu W, Lu J, Jiang B, Ziegmann G. Progressive Molecular Rearrangement and Heat Generation of Amorphous Polyethene Under Sliding Friction: Insight from the United-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11303-11315. [PMID: 32878446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Frictional heat has been widely used in various polymer-based advanced manufacturing. The fundamental understanding of the thermodynamics of the interfacial friction of polymer bulk materials can help to avoid compromising the process controllability. In this work, we have performed united-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to reveal the interfacial friction heating mechanism of amorphous polyethene (PE) in both the single sliding friction (SSF) and reciprocating sliding friction (RSF) modes. Different from the traditional view that the plastic deformation was the primary source of heat generation, the RSF process with no apparent plastic deformation in this work shows a better heat generation performance than SSF, where plastic deformation dominated the friction process. Our analysis uncovers that the mechanism of the interfacial friction heating enhancement in RSF can be attributed to the concentrated high-frequency chain motion related to molecular rearrangement, which is not clearly related to the deformation degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbao Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wangqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bingyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Lushan South Road 932, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Gerhard Ziegmann
- Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 38678, Germany
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34
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Wang J, Martínez-Hernández A, de Lamo-Castellví S, Romero MP, Kaade W, Ferrando M, Güell C. Low-energy membrane-based processes to concentrate and encapsulate polyphenols from carob pulp. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.109996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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35
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Chang RYK, Chen L, Chen D, Chan HK. Overcoming challenges for development of amorphous powders for inhalation. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1583-1595. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1813105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lan Chen
- Hangzhou Chance Pharmaceuticals, Hangzhou, China
| | - Donghao Chen
- Hangzhou Chance Pharmaceuticals, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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36
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Czyz S, Wewers M, Finke JH, Kwade A, van Eerdenbrugh B, Juhnke M, Bunjes H. Spray drying of API nanosuspensions: Importance of drying temperature, type and content of matrix former and particle size for successful formulation and process development. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 152:63-71. [PMID: 32376369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Brogna R, Oldenhof H, Sieme H, Figueiredo C, Kerrinnes T, Wolkers WF. Increasing storage stability of freeze-dried plasma using trehalose. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234502. [PMID: 32525915 PMCID: PMC7289390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preservation of blood plasma in the dried state would facilitate long-term storage and transport at ambient temperatures, without the need of to use liquid nitrogen tanks or freezers. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of dry preservation of human plasma, using sugars as lyoprotectants, and evaluate macromolecular stability of plasma components during storage. Blood plasma from healthy donors was freeze dried using 0-10% glucose, sucrose, or trehalose, and stored at various temperatures. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to measure the glass transition temperatures of freeze-dried samples. Protein aggregation, the overall protein secondary structure, and oxidative damage were studied under different storage conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements showed that plasma freeze-dried with glucose, sucrose and trehalose have glass transition temperatures of respectively 72±3.4°C, 46±11°C, 15±2.4°C. It was found that sugars diminish freeze-drying induced protein aggregation in a dose-dependent manner, and that a 10% (w/v) sugar concentration almost entirely prevents protein aggregation. Protein aggregation after rehydration coincided with relatively high contents of β-sheet structures in the dried state. Trehalose reduced the rate of protein aggregation during storage at elevated temperatures, and plasma that is freeze- dried plasma with trehalose showed a reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and protein oxidation products during storage. In conclusion, freeze-drying plasma with trehalose provides an attractive alternative to traditional cryogenic preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Brogna
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Biostabilization laboratory—Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harriëtte Oldenhof
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Sieme
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Willem F. Wolkers
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Biostabilization laboratory—Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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38
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Hu H, Shi X, Ji G, Liu R, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li M. Studies on the basic issues relevant to sperm cryopreservation in humans. Ther Adv Reprod Health 2020; 14:2633494120909375. [PMID: 32518916 PMCID: PMC7254583 DOI: 10.1177/2633494120909375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid freezing and vitrification are becoming popular for sperm freezing in humans; however, basic and critical issues relevant to sperm cryopreservation remain to be resolved. The aims of the present study were to study the effects of osmolality of freezing medium, sperm concentrations, thawing methods, and sugars (sucrose and trehalose) on sperm motility and DNA integrity by rapid freezing using 0.5 ml standard straws loaded with 100 µl sperm each. The results showed that (1) the post-thaw recovery rates of total motility and progressive motility of sperm cryopreserved in freezing medium containing 0.25 M sucrose with 442 mOsm/kg osmolality were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of sperm cryopreserved in freezing medium containing 0.25 M sucrose with 536 mOsm/kg osmolality (36.5 ± 2.8% and 36.9 ± 1.7% versus 30.4 ± 1.9% and 30.3 ± 2.9%, respectively), (2) cryopreservation of both total and progressive motilities was not significantly affected (p > 0.05) by sperm concentrations in the range from 5 to 20 × 106 sperm/ml, (3) thawing method 37°C for 2 min was better than 42°C for 15 s in terms of post-thaw recovery rates of both total and progressive motilities (p < 0.05), (4) 0.25 M trehalose was better than 0.25 M sucrose in cryopreserving both total and progressive motilities (p < 0.05), and (5) sperm nuclear DNA is relatively resistant to the changes of the above factors compared with sperm motility. It was concluded that human sperm can be best cryopreserved by rapid freezing using 0.25 M sucrose or trehalose with osmolality 442 to 457 mOsm/kg at high sperm concentration followed by thawing at 37°C. Trehalose is a stronger cryoprotectant than sucrose for sperm cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guojie Ji
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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Hirai M, Ajito S, Iwasa T, Wen D, Igarashi N, Shimizu N. Short-Distance Intermolecular Correlations of Mono- and Disaccharides in Condensed Solutions: Bulky Character of Trehalose. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10815-10825. [PMID: 32455202 PMCID: PMC7240834 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organisms with tolerance to extreme environmental conditions (cryptobiosis) such as desiccation and freezing are known to accumulate stress proteins and/or sugars. Trehalose, a disaccharide, has received considerable attention in the context of cryptobiosis. It has already been shown to have the highest glass-transition temperature and different hydration properties from other mono- and disaccharides. In spite of the importance of understanding cryptobiosis by experimentally clarifying sugar-sugar interactions such as the clustering in concentrated sugar solutions, there is little direct experimental evidence of sugar solution structures formed by intermolecular interactions and/or correlation. Using a wide-angle X-ray scattering method with the real-space resolution from ∼3 to 120 Å, we clarified the characteristics of the structures of sugar solutions (glucose, fructose, mannose, sucrose, and trehalose), over a wide concentration range of 0.05-0.65 g/mL. At low concentrations, the second virial coefficients obtained indicated the repulsive intermolecular interactions for all sugars and also the differences among them depending on the type of sugar. In spite of the presence of such repulsive force, a short-range intermolecular correlation was found to appear at high concentrations for every sugar. The concentration dependence of the observed scattering data and p(r) functions clearly showed that trehalose prefers a more disordered arrangement in solution compared to other sugars, that is, bulky arrangement. The present findings will afford a new insight into the molecular mechanism of the protective functions of the sugars relevant to cryptobiosis, particularly that of trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Hirai
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Gunma
University, 4-2 Aramaki, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ajito
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Gunma
University, 4-2 Aramaki, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Iwasa
- Course
of Advanced Production Systems Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, Hokkaido 657-8510, Japan
| | - Durige Wen
- Course
of Advanced Production Systems Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran, Hokkaido 657-8510, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Igarashi
- Institute
of Materials Structure Science, High Energy
Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Institute
of Materials Structure Science, High Energy
Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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40
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Gregorio NE, Kao WY, Williams LC, Hight CM, Patel P, Watts KR, Oza JP. Unlocking Applications of Cell-Free Biotechnology through Enhanced Shelf Life and Productivity of E. coli Extracts. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:766-778. [PMID: 32083847 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a platform biotechnology that enables a breadth of applications. However, field applications remain limited due to the poor shelf-stability of aqueous cell extracts required for CFPS. Lyophilization of E. coli extracts improves shelf life but remains insufficient for extended storage at room temperature. To address this limitation, we mapped the chemical space of ten low-cost additives with four distinct mechanisms of action in a combinatorial manner to identify formulations capable of stabilizing lyophilized cell extract. We report three key findings: (1) unique additive formulations that maintain full productivity of cell extracts stored at 4 °C and 23 °C; (2) additive formulations that enhance extract productivity by nearly 2-fold; (3) a machine learning algorithm that provides predictive capacity for the stabilizing effects of additive formulations that were not tested experimentally. These findings provide a simple and low-cost advance toward making CFPS field-ready and cost-competitive for biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E. Gregorio
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Wesley Y. Kao
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Layne C. Williams
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hight
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Pratish Patel
- Department of Finance, Orfalea College of Business, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Katharine R. Watts
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Javin P. Oza
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
- Center for Applications in Biotechnology, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
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Ploypetchara T, Gohtani S. Change in characteristics of film based on rice starch blended with sucrose, maltose, and trehalose after storage. J Food Sci 2020; 85:1470-1478. [PMID: 32282075 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of rice starch film blended with sucrose, maltose, and trehalose at concentrations of 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% (w/w of the starch weight) were investigated. Relative crystallinity (RC) of the rice starch film as determined by X-ray increased with increasing sucrose concentration and the RC tended to decrease with an increasing concentration of maltose and trehalose. RC was inhibited by adding sugar in the order of trehalose, maltose, and sucrose after 28 days storage. The rice starch film with 30% added sugar showed a homogeneous matrix and a lower frequency chemical shift of the proton OH group as determined on the day of preparation; however, the film with 30% added maltose cracked after 28 days storage. Adding sugar as a plasticizer affected the properties of the rice starch film by concentration and type of sugar because of the hydroxyl groups of the sugar. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Disaccharides, such as sucrose, maltose, and trehalose, could be used as a plasticizer in a rice starch film system. The sugar conformation might be one factor for selecting the sugar to use for starch film system. Trehalose might improve film properties by inhibiting recrystallization after storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thongkorn Ploypetchara
- Dept. of Applied Biological Science (Food Science), The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime Univ., 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
| | - Shoichi Gohtani
- Dept. of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa Univ., 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
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42
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Umerska A, Mugheirbi NA, Kasprzak A, Saulnier P, Tajber L. Carbohydrate-based Trojan microparticles as carriers for pulmonary delivery of lipid nanocapsules using dry powder inhalation. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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43
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Excipients in freeze-dried biopharmaceuticals: Contributions toward formulation stability and lyophilisation cycle optimisation. Int J Pharm 2020; 576:119029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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44
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Wilson NE, Mutukuri TT, Zemlyanov DY, Taylor LS, Topp EM, Zhou QT. Surface Composition and Formulation Heterogeneity of Protein Solids Produced by Spray Drying. Pharm Res 2019; 37:14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Pępczyńska M, Díaz-Calderón P, Quero F, Matiacevich S, Char C, Enrione J. Interaction and fragility study in salmon gelatin-oligosaccharide composite films at low moisture conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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46
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Kchaou H, Benbettaieb N, Jridi M, Nasri M, Debeaufort F. Influence of Maillard reaction and temperature on functional, structure and bioactive properties of fish gelatin films. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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47
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Ozturk OK, Takhar PS. Physical and viscoelastic properties of carrots during drying. J Texture Stud 2019; 51:532-541. [PMID: 31724178 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
It is essential to understand the physical and mechanical properties of a product since these properties affect the structure, texture, and ultimately consumer acceptance. The effect of drying conditions on dynamic viscoelastic properties, stress relaxation function and creep compliance, and physical properties, such as moisture distribution, color parameters, and shrinkage, was studied. An increase in drying temperature and duration resulted in a decrease in moisture content and volume, which were highly correlated (R = .988). Water evaporation followed the falling rate period, demonstrating that the water transport was limited by internal resistances. The decomposition of carotenoids led to a decrease in magnitude of color parameters (L, a, and b), between 30.1% and 51.6% with 4 hr drying. It was observed that the material shrinkage and moisture content highly affected the mechanical properties; increased stress relaxation modulus and decreased creep compliance values of the sample. The creep behavior, expressed with Burger's model (R2 ≥ .986), was highly dependent on moisture content. The linear viscoelastic region of carrots was found to be at strains lower than 3%. The three-element Maxwell model well fitted to describe the viscoelastic behavior of carrots (R2 ≥ .999, RMSE ≤ 2.08 × 10-4 ). The storage moduli (G') were higher than loss moduli (G″), indicating that samples presented solid-like behavior. The findings can be used to improve the textural attributes of carrots and carrot-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz K Ozturk
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Pawan S Takhar
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
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48
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Meenakshisundaram V, Hung JH, Simmons DS. Design rules for glass formation from model molecules designed by a neural-network-biased genetic algorithm. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7795-7808. [PMID: 31515550 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The glass transition - an apparent amorphous solidification process - is a central feature of the physical properties of soft materials such as polymers and colloids. A key element of this phenomenon is the observation of a broad spectrum of deviations from an Arrhenius temperature of dynamics in glass-forming liquids, with the extent of deviation quantified by the "fragility" of glass formation. The underlying origin of "fragile" glass formation and its dependence on molecular structure remain major open questions in condensed matter physics and soft materials science. Here we employ molecular dynamics simulations, together with a neural-network-biased genetic algorithm, to design and study model rigid molecules spanning a broad range of fragilities of glass formation. Results indicate that fragility of glass formation can be controlled by tuning molecular asphericity, with extended molecules tending to exhibit low fragilities and compact molecules tending toward higher fragilities. The glass transition temperature itself, on the other hand, correlates well with high-temperature activation behavior and with density. These results point the way towards rational design of glass-forming liquids spanning a range of dynamical behavior, both via these physical insights and via future extensions of this evolutionary design strategy to real chemistries. Finally, we show that results compare well with predictions of the nonlinear Langevin theory of liquid dynamics, which is a precursor of the more recently developed elastically collective nonlinear Langevin equation theory of Mirigian and Schweizer, identifying this framework as a promising basis for molecular design of the glass transition.
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Oeffinger BE, Vaidya P, Ayaz I, Shraim R, Eisenbrey JR, Wheatley MA. Preserving the Integrity of Surfactant-Stabilized Microbubble Membranes for Localized Oxygen Delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10068-10078. [PMID: 30827115 PMCID: PMC7041305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound contrast agents consist of stabilized microbubbles. We are developing a surfactant-stabilized microbubble platform with a shell composed of Span 60 (Sorbitan monostearate) and an emulsifying agent, water-soluble vitamin E (α-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) succinate, abbreviated as TPGS), named SE61. The microbubbles act both as an imaging agent and a vehicle for delivering oxygen to hypoxic areas in tumors. For clinical use, it is important that a platform be stable under storage at room temperature. To accomplish this, a majority of biologicals are prepared as freeze-dried powders, which also eliminates the necessity of a cold chain. The interfaces among the surfactants, gas, and liquids are subject to disruption in both the freezing and drying phases. Using thermocouples to monitor temperature profiles, differential scanning calorimetry to determine the phase transitions, and acoustic properties to gauge the degree of microbubble disruption, the effects of the freezing rate and the addition of different concentrations of lyoprotectants were determined. Slower cooling rates achieved by freezing the samples in a -20 °C bath were found to be reproducible and produce contrast agents with acceptable acoustical properties. The ionic strength of the solutions and the concentration of the lyoprotectant determined the glass-transition temperature (Tg') of the frozen sample, which determines at what temperature samples can be dried without collapse. Crucially, we found that the shelf stability of surfactant-shelled oxygen microbubbles can be enhanced by increasing the lyoprotectant (glucose) concentration from 1.8 to 5.0% (w/v), which prevents the melt temperature (Tm) of the TPGS phase from rising above room temperature. The increase in glucose concentration results in a lowering of Tm of the emulsifying agent, preventing a phase change in the liquid-crystalline phase and allowing for more stable bubbles. We believe that preventing this phase change is necessary to producing stabilized freeze-dried microbubbles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. Oeffinger
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Purva Vaidya
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Iman Ayaz
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rawan Shraim
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - John R. Eisenbrey
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States
| | - Margaret A. Wheatley
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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50
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Wilson NE, Topp EM, Zhou QT. Effects of drying method and excipient on structure and stability of protein solids using solid-state hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (ssHDX-MS). Int J Pharm 2019; 567:118470. [PMID: 31252148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Powders containing one of four model proteins (myoglobin, bovine serum albumin, lysozyme, β-lactoglobulin) were formulated with either sucrose, trehalose, or mannitol and dried using lyophilization or spray-drying. The powders were characterized using solid-state Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ssFTIR), solid-state fluorescence spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and solid-state hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (ssHDX-MS). ssFTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy identified minor structural differences among powders with different excipients and drying methods for some proteins. Using ssHDX-MS, differences in protein structure were observed among protein formulations containing sucrose or trehalose and mannitol, and/or with varying processing conditions, including proteins like β-lactoglobulin, for which standard characterization techniques showed no differences. Proteins processed by spray-drying typically showed greater heterogeneity by ssHDX-MS than those lyophilized; these differences were not detected by ssFTIR or solid-state fluorescence spectroscopy. The ssHDX-MS metrics were better correlated with protein physical instability measured by size-exclusion chromatography in 90-day stability studies (40 °C, 33% RH) than with the results of DSC, ssFTIR, or fluorescence spectroscopy. Thus, ssHDX-MS detected subtle changes in conformation and/or matrix interactions for these proteins that were correlated with storage stability, suggesting that the method can be used to design robust solid-state pharmaceutical protein products more rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan E Wilson
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Topp
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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