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Minibayeva FV, Rassabina AE, Zakirjanova GF, Fedorov NS, Khabibrakhmanova VR, Galeeva EI, Kuznetsova EA, Malomouzh AI, Petrov AM. Protective properties of melanin from lichen Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) HOFFM. In models of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106127. [PMID: 39019238 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Melanin is a dark pigment from the group of phenolic or indole polymers with inherent biocompatibility and antioxidant capacity. In extremophilic lichen Lobaria pulmonaria, melanin is responsible for protective properties against hostile environments. Herein, the ability of melanin extracted from L. pulmonaria to counteract oxidative stress and related damages was studied in the mouse diaphragm, the main respiratory muscle. Initial in vitro experiments demonstrated ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing, antioxidant and metal chelating activities of melanin. This melanin can form nanoparticles and stabile colloidal system at concentration of 5 μg/ml. Pretreatment of the muscle with melanin (5 μg/ml) markedly reduced UV-induced increase in intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as antimycin A-mediated enhancement in mitochondrial ROS production accompanied by lipid peroxidation and membrane asymmetry loss. In addition, melanin attenuated suppression of neuromuscular transmission and alterations of contractile responses provoked by hydrogen peroxide. Thus, this study shed the light on the perspectives of the application of a lichen melanin as a protective component for treatment of skeletal muscle disorders, which are accompanied with an increased ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida V Minibayeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia.
| | - Anna E Rassabina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Guzalia F Zakirjanova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Nikita S Fedorov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Venera R Khabibrakhmanova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I Galeeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Eva A Kuznetsova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Artem I Malomouzh
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia; Kazan National Research Technical University, 10, K. Marx St., Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Alexey M Petrov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Kazan Scientific Center of RAS", 2/31 Lobachevsky Street, Box 30, Kazan 420111, Russia; Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; Kazan State Mediсal University, 49 Butlerova Street, Kazan 420012, Russia.
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Eom T, Ozlu B, Ivanová L, Lee S, Lee H, Krajčovič J, Shim BS. Multifunctional Natural and Synthetic Melanin for Bioelectronic Applications: A Review. Biomacromolecules 2024. [PMID: 39194016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Emerging material interest in bioelectronic applications has highlighted natural melanin and its derivatives as promising alternatives to conventional synthetic conductors. These materials, traditionally noted for their adhesive, antioxidant, biocompatible, and biodegradable properties, have barely been used as conductors due to their extremely low electrical activities. However, recent studies have demonstrated good conductive properties in melanin materials that promote electronic-ionic hybrid charge transfer, attributed to the formation of an extended conjugated backbone. This review examines the multifunctional properties of melanin materials, focusing on their chemical and electrochemical synthesis and their resulting structure-property-function relationship. The wide range of bioelectronic applications will also be presented to highlight their importance and potential to expand into new design concepts for high-performance electronic functional materials. The review concludes by addressing the current challenges in utilizing melanin for biodegradable bioelectronics, providing a perspective on future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taesik Eom
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
- KIURI Center for Hydrogen Based Next Generation Mechanical System, Inha University, 36 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, South Korea
| | - Busra Ozlu
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Lucia Ivanová
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Seunghyeon Lee
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - HyeonJeong Lee
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Jozef Krajčovič
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bong Sup Shim
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
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Kwon YS, Han Z. Advanced nanomedicines for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39177654 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01917b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The critical and unmet medical need for novel therapeutic advancements in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cannot be overstated, particularly given the aging global population and the increasing prevalence of this condition. Current AMD therapy involves intravitreal treatments that require monthly or bimonthly injections to maintain optimal efficacy. This underscores the necessity for improved approaches, prompting recent research into developing advanced drug delivery systems to prolong the intervals between treatments. Nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches have enabled the controlled release of drugs, targeted delivery of therapeutic materials, and development of smart solutions for the harsh microenvironment of diseased tissues, offering a new perspective on ocular disease treatment. This review emphasizes the latest pre-clinical treatment options in ocular drug delivery to the retina and explores the advantages of nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches, with a focus on AMD, the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Su Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
| | - Zongchao Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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4
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Kaufmann M, Han Z. RPE melanin and its influence on the progression of AMD. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102358. [PMID: 38830546 PMCID: PMC11260545 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review article is to summarize the latest findings and current understanding of the origin of melanin in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), its function within the RPE, its role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), its effect on retinal development, and its potential therapeutic benefit in the treatment of AMD. METHODS A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed journals was conducted using various combinations of key terms such as "melanin," "retinal pigment epithelium" or "RPE," "age-related macular degeneration" or AMD," "lipofuscin," "oxidative stress," and "albinism." Databases searched include PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. 147 papers published between the years of 1957 and 2023 were considered with an emphasis on recent findings. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AMD is thought to result from chronic oxidative stress within the RPE that results in cellular dysfunction, metabolic dysregulation, inflammation, and lipofuscin accumulation. Melanin functions as a photoscreener, free radical scavenger, and metal cation binding reservoir within the RPE. RPE melanin does not regenerate, and it undergoes degradation over time in response to chronic light exposure and oxidative stress. RPE melanin is important for retinal development and RPE function, and in the aging eye, melanin loss is associated with increased lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and the accumulation of toxic oxidized cellular products. Therefore, melanin-based treatments may serve to preserve RPE and retinal function in AMD. CONCLUSIONS The pathogenesis of AMD is not fully understood, but RPE dysfunction and melanin loss in response to chronic oxidative stress and inflammation are thought to be primary drivers of the disease. Due to melanin's antioxidative effects, melanin-based nanotechnology represents a promising avenue for the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kaufmann
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zongchao Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Terranova ML. Physiological Roles of Eumelanin- and Melanogenesis-Associated Diseases: A Look at the Potentialities of Engineered and Microbial Eumelanin in Clinical Practice. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:756. [PMID: 39199714 PMCID: PMC11351163 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11080756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to highlight the physiological actions exerted by eumelanin present in several organs/tissues of the human body and to rationalise the often conflicting functional roles played by this biopolymer on the basis of its peculiar properties. Besides pigmentary disorders, a growing number of organ injuries and degenerative pathologies are presently ascribed to the modification of physiological eumelanin levels in terms of alterations in its chemical/structural features, and of a partial loss or uneven distribution of the pigment. The present review analyses the more recent research dedicated to the physiological and pathological actions of eumelanin and provides an insight into some melanogenesis-associated diseases of the skin, eye, ear, and brain, including the most significant neurodegenerative disorders. Also described are the potentialities of therapies based on the localised supply of exogeneous EU and the opportunities that EU produced via synthetic biology offers in order to redesign therapeutical and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Terranova
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 00133 Roma, Italy
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Motovilov KA, Mostert AB. Melanin: Nature's 4th bioorganic polymer. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:5635-5651. [PMID: 39012013 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00491d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The pigments known as the melanins are widely recognized for their responsibility in the coloration of human skin, eyes, hair, and minimising the harmful effects of solar ultraviolet radiation. But specialists are aware that the melanins are present in all living kingdoms, barring viruses, and have functionality that extends beyond neutralizing ionising radiation. The ubiquitous presence of melanin in almost all human organs, recognized in recent years, as well as the presence of melanin in organisms that are evolutionarily distant from each other, indicate the fundamental importance of this class of material for all life forms. In this review, we argue for the need to accept melanins as the fourth primordial class of biological polymers, along with nucleic acids, proteins and polysaccharides. We consistently compare the properties of these canonical biological polymers with the properties of melanin and highlight key features that fundamentally distinguish melanins, their function and its mysteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Motovilov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane 9, Dolgoprudny 141701, Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - A B Mostert
- Department of Physics and Centre for Integrative Semiconductor Materials, Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
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Snyman M, Walsdorf RE, Wix SN, Gill JG. The metabolism of melanin synthesis-From melanocytes to melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2024; 37:438-452. [PMID: 38445351 PMCID: PMC11178461 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Melanin synthesis involves the successful coordination of metabolic pathways across multiple intracellular compartments including the melanosome, mitochondria, ER/Golgi, and cytoplasm. While pigment production offers a communal protection from UV damage, the process also requires anabolic and redox demands that must be carefully managed by melanocytes. In this report we provide an updated review on melanin metabolism, including recent data leveraging new techniques, and technologies in the field of metabolism. We also discuss the many aspects of melanin synthesis that intersect with metabolic pathways known to impact melanoma phenotypes and behavior. By reviewing the metabolism of melanin synthesis, we hope to highlight outstanding questions and opportunities for future research that could improve patient outcomes in pigmentary and oncologic disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marelize Snyman
- Dermatology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75235
| | - Rachel E. Walsdorf
- Dermatology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75235
| | - Sophia N. Wix
- Dermatology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75235
| | - Jennifer G. Gill
- Dermatology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75235
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Britton S, Davidowitz G. No evidence for the melanin desiccation hypothesis in a larval Lepidopteran. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 156:104669. [PMID: 38936542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Water regulation is an important physiological challenge for insects due to their small body sizes and large surface area to volume ratios. Adaptations for decreasing cuticular water loss, the largest avenue of loss, are especially important. The melanin desiccation hypothesis states that melanin molecules in the cuticle may help prevent water loss, thus offering protection from desiccation. This hypothesis has much empirical support in Drosophila species, but remains mostly untested in other taxa, including Lepidoptera. Because melanin has many other important functions in insects, its potential role in desiccation prevention is not always clear. In this study we investigated the role of melanin in desiccation prevention in the white-lined Sphinx moth, Hyles lineata (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae), which shows high plasticity in the degree of melanin pigmentation during the late larval instars. We took advantage of this plasticity and used density treatments to induce a wide range of cuticular melanization; solitary conditions induced low melanin pigmentation while crowded conditions induced high melanin pigmentation. We tested whether more melanic larvae from the crowded treatment were better protected from desiccation in three relevant responses: i) total water loss over a desiccation period, ii) change in hemolymph osmolality over a desiccation period, and iii) evaporation rate of water through the cuticle. We did not find support for the melanin desiccation hypothesis in this species. Although treatment influenced total water loss, this effect did not occur via degree of melanization. Interestingly, this implies that crowding, which was used to induce high melanin phenotypes, may have other physiological effects that influence water regulation. There were no differences between treatments in cuticular evaporative water loss or change in hemolymph osmolality. However, we conclude that osmolality may not sufficiently reflect water loss in this case. This study emphasizes the context dependency of melanin's role in desiccation prevention and the importance of considering how it may vary across taxa. In lepidopteran larvae that are constantly feeding phytophagous insects with soft cuticles, melanin may not be necessary for preventing cuticular water loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Britton
- University of Arizona, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, USA.
| | - Goggy Davidowitz
- University of Arizona, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, USA; University of Arizona, Department of Entomology, USA
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Baker RP, Liu AZ, Casadevall A. Cell wall melanin impedes growth of the Cryptococcus neoformans polysaccharide capsule by sequestering calcium. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599928. [PMID: 38948764 PMCID: PMC11212976 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans has emerged as a frontrunner among deadly fungal pathogens and is particularly life-threatening for many HIV-infected individuals with compromised immunity. Multiple virulence factors contribute to the growth and survival of C. neoformans within the human host, the two most prominent of which are the polysaccharide capsule and melanin. As both of these features are associated with the cell wall, we were interested to explore possible cooperative or competitive interactions between these two virulence factors. Whereas capsule thickness had no effect on the rate at which cells became melanized, build-up of the melanin pigment layer resulted in a concomitant loss of polysaccharide material, leaving melanized cells with significantly thinner capsules than their non-melanized counterparts. When melanin was provided exogenously to cells in a transwell culture system we observed a similar inhibition of capsule growth and maintenance. Our results show that melanin sequesters calcium thereby limiting its availability to form divalent bridges between polysaccharide subunits required for outer capsule assembly. The decreased ability of melanized cells to incorporate exported polysaccharide into the growing capsule correlated with the amount of shed polysaccharide, which could have profound negative impacts on the host immune response. Significance Statement Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that presents a significant health risk for immunocompromised individuals. We report an interaction between the two major cryptococcal virulence factors, the polysaccharide capsule and melanin. Melanin impacted the growth and maintenance of the polysaccharide capsule, resulting in loss of capsular material during melanization. Our results suggest that melanin can act as a sink for calcium, thereby limiting its availability to form ionic bridges between polysaccharide chains on the growing surface of the outer capsule. As polysaccharide is continuously exported to support capsule growth, failure of melanized cells to incorporate this material results in a higher concentration of shed polysaccharide in the extracellular milieu, which is expected to interfere with host immunity.
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10
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Łuniewski S, Rogowska W, Łozowicka B, Iwaniuk P. Plants, Microorganisms and Their Metabolites in Supporting Asbestos Detoxification-A Biological Perspective in Asbestos Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1644. [PMID: 38612157 PMCID: PMC11012542 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Many countries banned asbestos due to its toxicity, but considering its colossal use, especially in the 1960s and 1970s, disposing of waste containing asbestos is the current problem. Today, many asbestos disposal technologies are known, but they usually involve colossal investment and operating expenses, and the end- and by-products of these methods negatively impact the environment. This paper identifies a unique modern direction in detoxifying asbestos minerals, which involves using microorganisms and plants and their metabolites. The work comprehensively focuses on the interactions between asbestos and plants, bacteria and fungi, including lichens and, for the first time, yeast. Biological treatment is a prospect for in situ land reclamation and under industrial conditions, which can be a viable alternative to landfilling and an environmentally friendly substitute or supplement to thermal, mechanical, and chemical methods, often characterized by high cost intensity. Plant and microbial metabolism products are part of the green chemistry trend, a central strategic pillar of global industrial and environmental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Łuniewski
- Faculty of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev 2, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (S.Ł.); (B.Ł.)
- Faculty of Economic Sciences, The Eastern European University of Applied Sciences in Bialystok, Ciepła 40 St., 15-472 Białystok, Poland
| | - Weronika Rogowska
- Department of Environmental Engineering Technology and Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E St., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Faculty of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev 2, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (S.Ł.); (B.Ł.)
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Piotr Iwaniuk
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
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Abd-El-Aziz AS, Abed NN, Mahfouz AY, Fathy RM. Production and characterization of melanin pigment from black fungus Curvularia soli AS21 ON076460 assisted gamma rays for promising medical uses. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:68. [PMID: 38408972 PMCID: PMC10895916 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to the growing need for natural materials in different fields, studying melanin production from biological sources is imperative. In the current study, the extracellular melanin pigment was produced by the fungus Curvularia soli AS21 ON076460. The factors that affect the production of melanin were optimized by the Plackett-Burman design (P-BD). The effect of gamma irradiation on melanin productivity was investigated. The maximum melanin yield (3.376 mg/L) was elicited by a stimulus of gamma irradiation at 1.0 kGy. The results evoked that, Curvularia soli AS21 ON076460 melanin exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria and fungi. Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 and P. digitatum were mostly affected by melanin registering the inhibition zone diameters of 37.51 ± 0.012 and 44.25 ± 0.214 mm, respectively. Moreover, Curvularia soli AS21 ON076460 melanin indicated a significant antiviral efficacy (77% inhibition) of Herpes simplex virus (HSV1). The melanin pigment showed antioxidant activities with IC50 of 42 ± 0.021 and 17 ± 0.02 µg/mL against DPPH and NO, respectively. Melanin had cytotoxic action against human breast cancer and skin cancer cell lines (Mcf7and A431) as well as exerting a low percentage of cell death against normal skin cell lines (Hfb4). Melanin was effective in wound management of human skin cells by 63.04 ± 1.83% compared with control (68.67 ± 1.10%). The novelty in the study is attributed to the possibility of using gamma rays as a safe method in small economic doses to stimulate melanin production from the fungi that have been isolated. In summary, melanin produced from fungi has significant biological activities that encourage its usage as a supportive medical route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira S Abd-El-Aziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermine N Abed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Y Mahfouz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rasha Mohammad Fathy
- Drug Radiation Research Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Cairo, Egypt.
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Micheal HSR, Thyagarajan D, Govindaraj M, Saravanakumar VK, Mohammed NB, Murugasamy Maheswari K. Biosorption of halophilic fungal melanized membrane - PUR/melanin polymer for heavy metal detoxification with electrospinning technology. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38286341 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2310034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Eradication of heavy metal pollution has become the prime priority over the conservation of water resources in the upcoming era. Herein, the study involved the halophilic fungal melanin from Curvularia lunata showed a promising biosorbent for the removal of toxic heavy metals which shows eco-friendly, cost-effective, high stability, and adsorbent efficiency. Polyurethane blended with fungal melanin polymers, makes polymeric nanofibrous membranes through electrospinning techniques. BET isotherms revealed the raw fungal melanin holds a surface area of 3.54 m2/g exhibiting type IV isotherms. BJH results in a total pore volume of 5.79 cc/g with a pore diameter of 6.54 ± 1 nm for pores smaller than 4544.8 Å. Exhibits Eumelanin properties were characterized by FE - SEM and FTIR functional elements. ICPMS confirmed the metal adsorption proficiency on both raw and melanized membranes before and after treatments. Over 17 heavy metals, Ni2+ were adsorbed with 100% efficiency by raw melanin alone with 42.48 µg/L of Ni2+ concentration in the water sample, whereas, Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Cr2+, Pb2+, Mn2+, Al3+, Mo6+, Sb3+, Ba2+, Fe2+, and Mg2+ stands next with 99%. In this study, gentle/simple application of raw fungal melanin (without PUR tailored) can detoxify the maximum concentration of heavy metals present in the water bodies which are further used for irrigation and even drinking purposes. This mycoremediation approach can be easily adapted to industrial production than other high-performance membrane materials with minimal process modification, making it a promising strategy for improving the adsorption properties used in various applications after still furthermore investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mageswari Govindaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Nazneen Bobby Mohammed
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, India
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Liu S, Ding R, Yuan J, Zhang X, Deng X, Xie Y, Wang Z. Melanin-Inspired Composite Materials: From Nanoarchitectonics to Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:3001-3018. [PMID: 38195388 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic melanin is a mimic of natural melanin analogue with intriguing properties such as metal-ion chelation, redox activity, adhesion, and broadband absorption. Melanin-inspired composite materials are formulated by assembly of melanin with other types of inorganic and organic components to target, combine, and build up the functionality, far beyond their natural capabilities. Developing efficient and universal methodologies to prepare melanin-based composite materials with unique functionality is vital for their further applications. In this review, we summarize three types of synthetic approaches, predoping, surface engineering, and physical blending, to access various melanin-inspired composite materials with distinctive structure and properties. The applications of melanin-inspired composite materials in free radical scavenging, bioimaging, antifouling, and catalytic applications are also reviewed. This review also concludes current challenges that must be addressed and research opportunities in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ran Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Material Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiaxin Yuan
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xicheng Zhang
- The Department of Vascular Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaoyong Deng
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yijun Xie
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Material Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Material Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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14
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Jung H, Su Z, Inaba Y, West AC, Banta S. Genetic Modification of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans for Rare-Earth Element Recovery under Acidic Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19902-19911. [PMID: 37983372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
As global demands for rare-earth elements (REEs) continue to grow, the biological recovery of REEs has been explored as a promising strategy, driven by potential economic and environmental benefits. It is known that calcium-binding domains, including helix-loop-helix EF hands and repeats-in-toxin (RTX) domains, can bind lanthanide ions due to their similar ionic radii and coordination preference to calcium. Recently, the lanmodulin protein from Methylorubrum extorquens was reported, which has evolved a high affinity for lanthanide ions over calcium. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a chemolithoautotrophic acidophile, which has been explored for use in bioleaching for metal recovery. In this report, A. ferrooxidans was engineered for the recombinant intracellular expression of lanmodulin. In addition, an RTX domain from the adenylate cyclase protein of Bordetella pertussis, which has previously been shown to bind Tb3+, was expressed periplasmically via fusion with the endogenous rusticyanin protein. The binding of lanthanides (Tb3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, and La3+) was improved by up to 4-fold for cells expressing lanmodulin and 13-fold for cells expressing the RTX domains in both pure and mixed metal solutions. Interestingly, the presence of lanthanides in the growth media enhanced protein expression, likely by influencing protein stability. Both engineered cell lines exhibited higher recoveries and selectivities for four tested lanthanides (Tb3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, and La3+) over non-REEs (Fe2+ and Co2+) in a synthetic magnet leachate, demonstrating the potential of these new strains for future REE reclamation and recycling applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejung Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Zihang Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yuta Inaba
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Alan C West
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Scott Banta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
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15
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Sun J, Han Y, Dong J, Lv S, Zhang R. Melanin/melanin-like nanoparticles: As a naturally active platform for imaging-guided disease therapy. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100894. [PMID: 38161509 PMCID: PMC10755544 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of biocompatible and efficient nanoplatforms that combine diagnostic and therapeutic functions is of great importance for precise disease treatment. Melanin, an endogenous biopolymer present in living organisms, has attracted increasing attention as a versatile bioinspired functional platform owing to its unique physicochemical properties (e.g., high biocompatibility, strong chelation of metal ions, broadband light absorption, high drug binding properties) and inherent antioxidant, photoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. In this review, the fundamental physicochemical properties and preparation methods of natural melanin and melanin-like nanoparticles were outlined. A systematical description of the recent progress of melanin and melanin-like nanoparticles in single, dual-, and tri-multimodal imaging-guided the visual administration and treatment of osteoarthritis, acute liver injury, acute kidney injury, acute lung injury, brain injury, periodontitis, iron overload, etc. Was then given. Finally, it concluded with a reasoned discussion of current challenges toward clinical translation and future striving directions. Therefore, this comprehensive review provides insight into the current status of melanin and melanin-like nanoparticles research and is expected to optimize the design of novel melanin-based therapeutic platforms and further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Sun
- The Molecular Medicine Research Team of First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yahong Han
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Shuxin Lv
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Molecular Medicine Research Team of First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial People’ Hospital, Five Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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16
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Kucharska K, Binkowski ŁJ, Dudzik K, Barker J, Barton S, Rupérez D, Hahn A. Temporal and spatial trends in lead levels in the blood and down of Black Stork nestlings in central Europe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165758. [PMID: 37495121 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Young birds at an intensive growth stage are especially vulnerable to the deleterious effects of contaminants such as lead (Pb). This element negatively influences organs, development and even behavior, which can consequently lead to lower survival and reproductive success of the population. There was a suspicion that these mechanisms, along with other factors, retarded population growth of the Black Stork - still a heavily understudied species in respect to pollution, especially Pb. Therefore, we undertook a study concerning Pb concentrations in the down and blood of Black Stork nestlings from breeding grounds in central and southern Poland (Europe). To investigate the effects of Pb exposure on nestling condition, scale mass index and reduced glutathione levels were also studied, but results indicated that Pb did not influence either of these parameters. The highest blood Pb concentration reached 0.247 μg/g, while the highest down Pb concentrations was significantly higher reaching 4.95 μg/g. Concentrations in blood and down were not correlated with each other. Nest location and year of sampling were not influential for blood but were influential for down Pb concentrations. Relationships between Pb concentrations, habitat characteristics and proximity to emitters were not significant. Overall Pb concentrations in Black Stork nestlings were below the toxicity threshold and did not have negative effects on specimens studied. They were probably related to maternal exposure during migration, on stopover and breeding grounds as well as with food provided by parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kucharska
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Łukasz J Binkowski
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Dudzik
- Eagle Conservation Committee, K. Jagiellończyka 45, 10-062 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - James Barker
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, KT1 2EE Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, UK.
| | - Stephen Barton
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, KT1 2EE Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, UK.
| | - David Rupérez
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, KT1 2EE Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, UK.
| | - Andreas Hahn
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, KT1 2EE Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, UK.
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17
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Slater TS, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, Zhang F, Sjövall P, Jarenmark M, Lindgren J, McNamara ME. Taphonomic experiments reveal authentic molecular signals for fossil melanins and verify preservation of phaeomelanin in fossils. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5651. [PMID: 37803012 PMCID: PMC10558522 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin pigments play a critical role in physiological processes and shaping animal behaviour. Fossil melanin is a unique resource for understanding the functional evolution of melanin but the impact of fossilisation on molecular signatures for eumelanin and, especially, phaeomelanin is not fully understood. Here we present a model for the chemical taphonomy of fossil eumelanin and phaeomelanin based on thermal maturation experiments using feathers from extant birds. Our results reveal which molecular signatures are authentic signals for thermally matured eumelanin and phaeomelanin, which signatures are artefacts derived from the maturation of non-melanin molecules, and how these chemical data are impacted by sample preparation. Our model correctly predicts the molecular composition of eumelanins in diverse vertebrate fossils from the Miocene and Cretaceous and, critically, identifies direct molecular evidence for phaeomelanin in these fossils. This taphonomic framework adds to the geochemical toolbox that underpins reconstructions of melanin evolution and of melanin-based coloration in fossil vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany S Slater
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fucheng Zhang
- Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Linyi University, Linyi City, Shandong, China
| | - Peter Sjövall
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Materials and Production, 501 15, Borås, Sweden
| | | | - Johan Lindgren
- Department of Geology, Lund University, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria E McNamara
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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18
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Fakhry H, Ghoniem AA, Al-Otibi FO, Helmy YA, El Hersh MS, Elattar KM, Saber WIA, Elsayed A. A Comparative Study of Cr(VI) Sorption by Aureobasidium pullulans AKW Biomass and Its Extracellular Melanin: Complementary Modeling with Equilibrium Isotherms, Kinetic Studies, and Decision Tree Modeling. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3754. [PMID: 37765609 PMCID: PMC10537747 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin as a natural polymer is found in all living organisms, and plays an important role in protecting the body from harmful UV rays from the sun. The efficiency of fungal biomass (Aureobasidium pullulans) and its extracellular melanin as Cr(VI) biosorbents was comparatively considered. The efficiency of Cr(VI) biosorption by the two sorbents used was augmented up to 240 min. The maximum sorption capacities were 485.747 (fungus biomass) and 595.974 (melanin) mg/g. The practical data were merely fitted to both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The kinetics of the biosorption process obeyed the pseudo-first-order. Melanin was superior in Cr(VI) sorption than fungal biomass. Furthermore, four independent variables (contact time, initial concentration of Cr(VI), biosorbent dosage, and pH,) were modeled by the two decision trees (DTs). Conversely, to equilibrium isotherms and kinetic studies, DT of fungal biomass had lower errors compared to DT of melanin. Lately, the DTs improved the efficacy of the Cr(VI) removal process, thus introducing complementary and alternative solutions to equilibrium isotherms and kinetic studies. The Cr(VI) biosorption onto the biosorbents was confirmed and elucidated through FTIR, SEM, and EDX investigations. Conclusively, this is the first report study attaining the biosorption of Cr(VI) by biomass of A. pullulans and its extracellular melanin among equilibrium isotherms, kinetic study, and algorithmic decision tree modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Fakhry
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo 11865, Egypt
- Department of Aquatic Environmental Science, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
| | - Abeer A. Ghoniem
- Microbial Activity Unit, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.A.G.); (M.S.E.H.)
| | - Fatimah O. Al-Otibi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yosra A. Helmy
- Department of Veterinary Science, Martin-Gatton College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA;
| | - Mohammed S. El Hersh
- Microbial Activity Unit, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.A.G.); (M.S.E.H.)
| | - Khaled M. Elattar
- Unit of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - WesamEldin I. A. Saber
- Microbial Activity Unit, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt; (A.A.G.); (M.S.E.H.)
| | - Ashraf Elsayed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
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19
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Terranova ML. Prominent Roles and Conflicted Attitudes of Eumelanin in the Living World. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097783. [PMID: 37175490 PMCID: PMC10178024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eumelanin, a macromolecule widespread in all the living world and long appreciated for its protective action against harmful UV radiation, is considered the beneficial component of the melanin family (ευ means good in ancient Greek). This initially limited picture has been rather recently extended and now includes a variety of key functions performed by eumelanin in order to support life also under extreme conditions. A lot of still unexplained aspects characterize this molecule that, in an evolutionary context, survived natural selection. This paper aims to emphasize the unique characteristics and the consequent unusual behaviors of a molecule that still holds the main chemical/physical features detected in fossils dating to the late Carboniferous. In this context, attention is drawn to the duality of roles played by eumelanin, which occasionally reverses its functional processes, switching from an anti-oxidant to a pro-oxidant behavior and implementing therefore harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Terranova
- Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy
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20
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Bell BA, Kaul C, Dunaief JL, Hollyfield JG, Bonilha VL. A comparison of optophysiological biomarkers of photoreceptor stress and phototoxicity in BALB/cJ, B6 (Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J, and C57Bl/6J mouse strains. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023; 3:1128311. [PMID: 38689597 PMCID: PMC11057998 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2023.1128311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ophthalmic imaging instruments, including the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system, originally intended for revealing ocular microstructures in the human eye, have been deployed by vision researchers to evaluate the eyes of numerous small and large animal species for more than two decades. In this study, we have used these two instruments to obtain imaging data sequentially from the retinas of three prominent, widely used experimental mouse models to document changes induced by two contrasting vivarium lighting conditions. Mice studied include albino BALB/cJ and B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J and pigmented C57Bl/6J. Mice were reared under dim light conditions until ~8 weeks of age where they underwent baseline imaging. Following, mice were returned to the dim vivarium or relocated to the top rack cage position in a standard vivarium. Mice were then followed for several months by ocular imaging to catalog the retinal dynamics as a function of long-term dim vs. elevated, standard vivarium lighting exposure levels. Upon exposure to elevated light levels, B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J underwent similar changes as BALB/cJ in regard to photoreceptor outer segment shortening, photoreceptor layer proximal aspect hyperreflective changes, and the development of retinal infoldings and autofluorescent sub-retinal inflammatory monocyte infiltrate. Noteworthy, however, is that infoldings and infiltrate occurred at a slower rate of progression in B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J vs. BALB/cJ. The photoreceptor outer nuclear layer thickness of BALB/cJ degenerated steadily following elevated light onset. In contrast, B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J degeneration was unremarkable for many weeks before experiencing a noticeable change in the rate of degeneration that was concomitant with a plateau and decreasing trend in number of retinal infoldings and monocyte infiltrate. Pathological changes in C57Bl/6J mice were unremarkable for all imaging biomarkers assessed with exception to autofluorescent sub-retinal inflammatory monocyte infiltrate, which showed significant accumulation in dim vs. elevated light exposed mice following ~1 year of observation. These data were evaluated using Spearman's correlation and Predictive Power Score matrices to determine the best imaging optophysiological biomarkers for indicating vivarium light stress and light-induced photoreceptor degeneration. This study suggests that changes in proximal aspect hyperreflectivity, outer segment shortening, retinal infoldings and autofluorescent sub-retinal inflammatory monocyte infiltrate are excellent indicators of light stress and light-induced degeneration in albino B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2J/J and BALB/cJ mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent A. Bell
- Scheie Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Cole Eye Institute/Ophthalmic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Charles Kaul
- Cole Eye Institute/Ophthalmic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Joshua L. Dunaief
- Scheie Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joe G. Hollyfield
- Cole Eye Institute/Ophthalmic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Vera L. Bonilha
- Cole Eye Institute/Ophthalmic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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21
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Ren R, Bremner DH, Chen W, Shi A, Wang T, Wang Y, Wang C, Wu J, Zhu LM. A multifunctional nanocomposite coated with a BSA membrane for cascaded nitric oxide therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124087. [PMID: 36940766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Gas therapy based on nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for cancer, and in conjunction with multi-mode combination therapy, offers new possibilities for achieving significant hyperadditive effects. In this study, an integrated AI-MPDA@BSA nanocomposite for diagnosis and treatment was constructed for PDA based photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and cascade NO release. Natural NO donor L-arginine (L-Arg) and photosensitizer (PS) IR780 were loaded into mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was conjugated to the MPDA to increase the dispersibility and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles, as well as to serve as a gatekeeper controlling IR780 release from the MPDA pores. The AI-MPDA@BSA produced singlet oxygen (1O2) and converted it into NO through a chain reaction based on L-Arg, enabling a combination of photodynamic therapy and gas therapy. Moreover, due to the photothermal properties of MPDA, the AI-MPDA@BSA performed good photothermal conversion, which allowed photoacoustic imaging. As expected, both in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that the AI-MPDA@BSA nanoplatform has a significant inhibitory effect on cancer cells and tumors, and no apparent systemic toxicity or side effects were detected during the treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ren
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - David H Bremner
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, Abertay University, Kydd Building, Dundee DD1 1HG, Scotland, UK
| | - Wenling Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Anhua Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Tong Wang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chengji Wang
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Li-Min Zhu
- College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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22
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Brash DE, Goncalves LCP. Chemiexcitation: Mammalian Photochemistry in the Dark †. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:251-276. [PMID: 36681894 PMCID: PMC10065968 DOI: 10.1111/php.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Light is one way to excite an electron in biology. Another is chemiexcitation, birthing a reaction product in an electronically excited state rather than exciting from the ground state. Chemiexcited molecules, as in bioluminescence, can release more energy than ATP. Excited states also allow bond rearrangements forbidden in ground states. Molecules with low-lying unoccupied orbitals, abundant in biology, are particularly susceptible. In mammals, chemiexcitation was discovered to transfer energy from excited melanin, neurotransmitters, or hormones to DNA, creating the lethal and carcinogenic cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer. That process was initiated by nitric oxide and superoxide, radicals triggered by ultraviolet light or inflammation. Several poorly understood chronic diseases share two properties: inflammation generates those radicals across the tissue, and cells that die are those containing melanin or neuromelanin. Chemiexcitation may therefore be a pathogenic event in noise- and drug-induced deafness, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's; it may prevent macular degeneration early in life but turn pathogenic later. Beneficial evolutionary selection for excitable biomolecules may thus have conferred an Achilles heel. This review of recent findings on chemiexcitation in mammalian cells also describes the underlying physics, biochemistry, and potential pathogenesis, with the goal of making this interdisciplinary phenomenon accessible to researchers within each field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E. Brash
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8028, USA
| | - Leticia C. P. Goncalves
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA
- Institut de Chimie de Nice CNRS UMR7272, Université Côte d’Azur, 28 Avenue Valrose 06108 Nice, France
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23
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Cloete KJ, Šmit Ž, Gianoncelli A. Multidimensional Profiling of Human Body Hairs Using Qualitative and Semi-Quantitative Approaches with SR-XRF, ATR-FTIR, DSC, and SEM-EDX. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044166. [PMID: 36835578 PMCID: PMC9964782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the potential of a multidimensional approach to differentiate body hairs based on their physico-chemical properties and whether body hairs can replace the use of scalp hair in studies linked to forensic and systemic intoxication. This is the first case report controlling for confounding variables to explore the utility of multidimensional profiling of body hair using synchrotron synchrotron microbeam X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) for longitudinal and hair morphological region mapping) and benchtop methods, including attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) (complemented with chemometrics analysis), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) (complemented with heatmap analysis), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis (complemented by descriptive statistics) to profile different body hairs in terms of their elemental, biochemical, thermal, and cuticle properties. This multidimensional approach provided supportive information to emphasize the intricate and rather complex interplay between the organization and levels of elements and biomolecules within the crystalline and amorphous matrix of different body hairs responsible for the differences in physico-chemical properties between body hairs that are predominantly affected by the growth rate, follicle or apocrine gland activity, and external factors such as cosmetic use and exposure to environmental xenobiotics. The data from this study may have important implications for forensic science, toxicology and systemic intoxication, or other studies involving hair as a research matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J. Cloete
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria 0003, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +27-21-82-587-6720
| | - Žiga Šmit
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alessandra Gianoncelli
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, TS, Italy
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24
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Kuttan SP, Abdulaziz A, Chekidhenkuzhiyil J, Raj D, Mohan M, Athiyanathil S. Characterization of pyomelanin secreted by Shewanella sp. and their application in metal recovery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:6705-6715. [PMID: 36006536 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melanin is a biopolymer with versatile structural and functional properties and diverse applications in recovering toxic chemicals from water and wastewater, biomedical imaging, and as theragnostic agent. We report the structural characterization and biosynthetic pathway of an extracellular pyomelanin secreted by a sponge-associated bacterium, Shewanella sp. (Shewanella-melanin), and their potential application in metal recovery from liquid. Pyomelanin particles of > 50 µm size were found in the culture medium within 48 h of growth, which were formed through the self-polymerization of benzoquinone molecule produced through homogentisic acid pathway. The aspC and hppD genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of pyomelanin were detected in the whole genome sequence of Shewanella sp. The FT-IR spectra of Shewanella-melanin, at ~ 3300-3420 cm-1 corresponding to the stretching vibration of -NH and -OH, was in good agreement with that of Sepia melanin, while its elemental composition (C/N/H/S of 29.2:8.23:6.41:1.58) was unique. Shewanella-melanin showed ~ 300 and ~ 950 times increased chelation of manganese and iron from a liquid medium supplemented with 2 mM of MnSO4 and FeSO4, respectively, compared to a control. The FT-IR spectrum showed the binding of metal ions to the carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and amine groups of Shewanella-melanin. The Shewanella-melanin, with its excellent metal biosorption, could be a potential candidate for removing toxic compounds from water, in turn contributing to the fulfillment of sustainable development goal (SDG) 6.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anas Abdulaziz
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Dr. Salim Ali Road, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India.
| | - Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Dr. Salim Ali Road, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Devika Raj
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Dr. Salim Ali Road, Kochi, Kerala, 682 018, India
| | - Mahesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - Sujith Athiyanathil
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala, 673 601, India
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Valette T, Leitwein M, Lascaux JM, Desmarais E, Berrebi P, Guinand B. Redundancy analysis, genome-wide association studies and the pigmentation of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 102:96-118. [PMID: 36218076 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The association of molecular variants with phenotypic variation is a main issue in biology, often tackled with genome-wide association studies (GWAS). GWAS are challenging, with increasing, but still limited, use in evolutionary biology. We used redundancy analysis (RDA) as a complimentary ordination approach to single- and multitrait GWAS to explore the molecular basis of pigmentation variation in brown trout (Salmo trutta) belonging to wild populations impacted by hatchery fish. Based on 75,684 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers, RDA, single- and multitrait GWAS allowed the extraction of 337 independent colour patterning loci (CPLs) associated with trout pigmentation traits, such as the number of red and black spots on flanks. Collectively, these CPLs (i) mapped onto 35 out of 40 brown trout linkage groups indicating a polygenic genomic architecture of pigmentation, (ii) were found to be associated with 218 candidate genes, including 197 genes formerly mentioned in the literature associated to skin pigmentation, skin patterning, differentiation or structure notably in a close relative, the rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss), and (iii) related to functions relevant to pigmentation variation (e.g., calcium- and ion-binding, cell adhesion). Annotated CPLs include genes with well-known pigmentation effects (e.g., PMEL, SLC45A2, SOX10), but also markers associated with genes formerly found expressed in rainbow or brown trout skins. RDA was also shown to be useful to investigate management issues, especially the dynamics of trout pigmentation submitted to several generations of hatchery introgression.
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Gupta U, Ghosh S, Wallace CT, Shang P, Xin Y, Nair AP, Yazdankhah M, Strizhakova A, Ross MA, Liu H, Hose S, Stepicheva NA, Chowdhury O, Nemani M, Maddipatla V, Grebe R, Das M, Lathrop KL, Sahel JA, Zigler JS, Qian J, Ghosh A, Sergeev Y, Handa JT, St. Croix CM, Sinha D. Increased LCN2 (lipocalin 2) in the RPE decreases autophagy and activates inflammasome-ferroptosis processes in a mouse model of dry AMD. Autophagy 2023; 19:92-111. [PMID: 35473441 PMCID: PMC9809950 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2062887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), LCN2 (lipocalin 2) is upregulated. Whereas LCN2 has been implicated in AMD pathogenesis, the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we report that in retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, LCN2 regulates macroautophagy/autophagy, in addition to maintaining iron homeostasis. LCN2 binds to ATG4B to form an LCN2-ATG4B-LC3-II complex, thereby regulating ATG4B activity and LC3-II lipidation. Thus, increased LCN2 reduced autophagy flux. Moreover, RPE cells from cryba1 KO, as well as sting1 KO and Sting1Gt mutant mice (models with abnormal iron chelation), showed decreased autophagy flux and increased LCN2, indicative of CGAS- and STING1-mediated inflammasome activation. Live cell imaging of RPE cells with elevated LCN2 also showed a correlation between inflammasome activation and increased fluorescence intensity of the Liperfluo dye, indicative of oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis. Interestingly, both in human AMD patients and in mouse models with a dry AMD-like phenotype (cryba1 cKO and KO), the LCN2 homodimer variant is increased significantly compared to the monomer. Sub-retinal injection of the LCN2 homodimer secreted by RPE cells into NOD-SCID mice leads to retinal degeneration. In addition, we generated an LCN2 monoclonal antibody that neutralizes both the monomer and homodimer variants and rescued autophagy and ferroptosis activities in cryba1 cKO mice. Furthermore, the antibody rescued retinal function in cryba1 cKO mice as assessed by electroretinography. Here, we identify a molecular pathway whereby increased LCN2 elicits pathophysiology in the RPE, cells known to drive dry AMD pathology, thus providing a possible therapeutic strategy for a disease with no current treatment options.Abbreviations: ACTB: actin, beta; Ad-GFP: adenovirus-green fluorescent protein; Ad-LCN2: adenovirus-lipocalin 2; Ad-LCN2-GFP: adenovirus-LCN2-green fluorescent protein; LCN2AKT2: AKT serine/threonine kinase 2; AMBRA1: autophagy and beclin 1 regulator 1; AMD: age-related macular degeneration; ARPE19: adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19; Asp278: aspartate 278; ATG4B: autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase; ATG4C: autophagy related 4C cysteine peptidase; ATG7: autophagy related 7; ATG9B: autophagy related 9B; BLOC-1: biogenesis of lysosomal organelles complex 1; BLOC1S1: biogenesis of lysosomal organelles complex 1 subunit 1; C57BL/6J: C57 black 6J; CGAS: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; ChQ: chloroquine; cKO: conditional knockout; Cys74: cysteine 74; Dab2: DAB adaptor protein 2; Def: deferoxamine; DHE: dihydroethidium; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; ERG: electroretinography; FAC: ferric ammonium citrate; Fe2+: ferrous; FTH1: ferritin heavy chain 1; GPX: glutathione peroxidase; GST: glutathione S-transferase; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; His280: histidine 280; IFNL/IFNλ: interferon lambda; IL1B/IL-1β: interleukin 1 beta; IS: Inner segment; ITGB1/integrin β1: integrin subunit beta 1; KO: knockout; LC3-GST: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3-GST; C-terminal fusion; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; LCN2: lipocalin 2; mAb: monoclonal antibody; MDA: malondialdehyde; MMP9: matrix metallopeptidase 9; NLRP3: NLR family pyrin domain containing 3; NOD-SCID: nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency; OS: outer segment; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PMEL/PMEL17: premelanosome protein; RFP: red fluorescent protein; rLCN2: recombinant LCN2; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RPE SM: retinal pigmented epithelium spent medium; RPE: retinal pigment epithelium; RSL3: RAS-selective lethal; scRNAseq: single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing; SD-OCT: spectral domain optical coherence tomography; shRNA: small hairpin ribonucleic acid; SM: spent medium; SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STAT1: signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; STING1: stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; TYR: tyrosinase; VCL: vinculin; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvi Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Callen T. Wallace
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peng Shang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ying Xin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Meysam Yazdankhah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anastasia Strizhakova
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark A. Ross
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stacey Hose
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadezda A. Stepicheva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olivia Chowdhury
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mihir Nemani
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vishnu Maddipatla
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rhonda Grebe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manjula Das
- Molecular Immunology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Foundation, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kira L. Lathrop
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Institut De La Vision, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - J. Samuel Zigler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiang Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arkasubhra Ghosh
- GROW Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bengaluru, India
| | - Yuri Sergeev
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James T. Handa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claudette M. St. Croix
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Debasish Sinha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Styczynski M, Rogowska A, Nyabayo C, Decewicz P, Romaniuk F, Pączkowski C, Szakiel A, Suessmuth R, Dziewit L. Heterologous production and characterization of a pyomelanin of Antarctic Pseudomonas sp. ANT_H4: a metabolite protecting against UV and free radicals, interacting with iron from minerals and exhibiting priming properties toward plant hairy roots. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:261. [PMID: 36527127 PMCID: PMC9756463 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antarctica has one of the most extreme environments in the world. This region is inhabited by specifically adapted microorganisms that produce various unique secondary metabolites (e.g. pigments) enabling their survival under the harsh environmental conditions. It was already shown that these natural, biologically active molecules may find application in various fields of biotechnology. RESULTS In this study, a cold-active brown-pigment-producing Pseudomonas sp. ANT_H4 strain was characterized. In-depth genomic analysis combined with the application of a fosmid expression system revealed two different pathways of melanin-like compounds biosynthesis by the ANT_H4 strain. The chromatographic behavior and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analyses allowed for the identification of the extracted melanin-like compound as a pyomelanin. Furthermore, optimization of the production and thorough functional analyses of the pyomelanin were performed to test its usability in biotechnology. It was confirmed that ANT_H4-derived pyomelanin increases the sun protection factor, enables scavenging of free radicals, and interacts with the iron from minerals. Moreover, it was shown for the first time that pyomelanin exhibits priming properties toward Calendula officinalis hairy roots in in vitro cultures. CONCLUSIONS Results of the study indicate the significant biotechnological potential of ANT_H4-derived pyomelanin and open opportunities for future applications. Taking into account protective features of analyzed pyomelanin it may be potentially used in medical biotechnology and cosmetology. Especially interesting was showing that pyomelanin exhibits priming properties toward hairy roots, which creates a perspective for its usage for the development of novel and sustainable agrotechnical solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Styczynski
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Rogowska
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christine Nyabayo
- grid.6734.60000 0001 2292 8254Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Przemyslaw Decewicz
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filip Romaniuk
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Pączkowski
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Szakiel
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roderich Suessmuth
- grid.6734.60000 0001 2292 8254Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukasz Dziewit
- grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Structural Investigation of DHICA Eumelanin Using Density Functional Theory and Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238417. [PMID: 36500509 PMCID: PMC9738096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Eumelanin is an important pigment, for example, in skin, hair, eyes, and the inner ear. It is a highly heterogeneous polymer with 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) building blocks, of which DHICA is reported as the more abundant in natural eumelanin. The DHICA-eumelanin protomolecule consists of three building blocks, indole-2-carboxylic acid-5,6-quinone (ICAQ), DHICA and pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA). Here, we focus on the self-assembly of DHICA-eumelanin using multi-microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at various concentrations in aqueous solutions. The molecule was first parameterized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Three types of systems were studied: (1) uncharged DHICA-eumelanin, (2) charged DHICA-eumelanin corresponding to physiological pH, and (3) a binary mixture of both of the above protomolecules. In the case of uncharged DHICA-eumelanin, spontaneous aggregation occurred and water molecules were present inside the aggregates. In the systems corresponding to physiological pH, all the carboxyl groups are negatively charged and the DHICA-eumelanin model has a net charge of -4. The effect of K+ ions as counterions was investigated. The results show high probability of binding to the deprotonated oxygens of the carboxylate anions in the PTCA moiety. Furthermore, the K+ counterions increased the solubility of DHICA-eumelanin in its charged form. A possible explanation is that the charged protomolecules favor binding to the K+ ions rather than aggregating and binding to other protomolecules. The binary mixtures show aggregation of uncharged DHICA-eumelanins; unlike the charged systems with no aggregation, a few charged DHICA-eumelanins are present on the surface of the uncharged aggregation, binding to the K+ ions.
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Roldan-Kalil J, Zueva L, Alves J, Tsytsarev V, Sanabria P, Inyushin M. Amount of Melanin Granules in Human Hair Defines the Absorption and Conversion to Heat of Light Energy in the Visible Spectrum. Photochem Photobiol 2022. [PMID: 36403200 DOI: 10.1111/php.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
One of the known important functions of hair is protection from extensive sunlight. This protection is accomplished in large part due to natural hair pigmentation which is known to reflect the number of melanin granules (melanosomes) in the hair shaft, and melanin variants. Melanin takes in excessive light energy and converts it to heat in a process called absorption; heat is then dissipated into the environment as infrared radiation, thereby protecting the underlying skin. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to visualize the melanosome counts in samples of human hair, and used thermal microscopy to measure the temperature changes of the samples when exposed to green and blue light lasers. In our experiments green light conversion to heat was highly correlated to the number of melanosomes, whereas blue light conversion to heat was less correlated, which may be because the reddish melanosomes it contains are less effective in absorbing energy from the blue spectrum of light. Anyway, we have shown the metals accumulation in the melanin can be easily visualized with TEM. We confirmed that the amount of melanin granules in human hair defines the conversion to heat of light energy in the visible spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lidia Zueva
- Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
| | - Janaina Alves
- Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Priscila Sanabria
- Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
| | - Mikhail Inyushin
- Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico
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D’Amora U, Soriente A, Ronca A, Scialla S, Perrella M, Manini P, Phua JW, Ottenheim C, Di Girolamo R, Pezzella A, Raucci MG, Ambrosio L. Eumelanin from the Black Soldier Fly as Sustainable Biomaterial: Characterisation and Functional Benefits in Tissue-Engineered Composite Scaffolds. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112945. [PMID: 36428512 PMCID: PMC9687302 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An optimized extraction protocol for eumelanins from black soldier flies (BSF-Eumel) allows an in-depth study of natural eumelanin pigments, which are a valuable tool for the design and fabrication of sustainable scaffolds. Here, water-soluble BSF-Eumel sub-micrometer colloidal particles were used as bioactive signals for developing a composite biomaterial ink for scaffold preparation. For this purpose, BSF-Eumel was characterized both chemically and morphologically; moreover, biological studies were carried out to investigate the dose-dependent cell viability and its influence on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), with the aim of validating suitable protocols and to find an optimal working concentration for eumelanin-based scaffold preparation. As proof of concept, 3D printed scaffolds based on methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MEHA) and BSF-Eumel were successfully produced. The scaffolds with and without BSF-Eumel were characterized in terms of their physico-chemical, mechanical and biological behaviours. The results showed that MEHA/BSF-Eumel scaffolds had similar storage modulus values to MEHA scaffolds. In terms of swelling ratio and stability, these scaffolds were able to retain their structure without significant changes over 21 days. Biological investigations demonstrated the ability of the bioactivated scaffolds to support the adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo D’Amora
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Soriente
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ronca
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Stefania Scialla
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Perrella
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Manini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Bioelectronics Task Force, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (P.M.)
| | - Jun Wei Phua
- Insectta, 60 Jalan Penjara, Singapore 149375, Singapore
| | | | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
- Bioelectronics Task Force, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Department of Physics “E. Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
- Bioelectronics Task Force, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80135 Naples, Italy
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Khoshdel Z, Gholijani N, Niknam M, Rahmani N, Hemmati-Dinarvand M, Naghibalhossaini F. Serum Copper and Zinc Levels Among Iranian Vitiligo Patients. Dermatol Pract Concept 2022; 12:e2022140. [PMID: 36534572 PMCID: PMC9681465 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1204a140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitiligo is a chronic skin disease, which its etiopathogenesis is not fully understood. Numerous studies have suggested that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of vitiligo. There are controversial reports as to the changes of serum trace elements, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) levels in vitiligo patients. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the alterations in the level of serum Cu and Zn among a group of Iranian vitiligo patients. METHODS The levels of serum Cu and Zn were compared between 117 vitiligo patients and 137 healthy controls using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. RESULTS The mean Cu and Zn levels in the cases (113.57 ± 59.43 and 95.01 ± 58.95 μg/dl, respectively) were significantly lower than those of the controls (138.90 ± 38.14 and 121.83 ± 33.80 μg/dl, respectively) (P = 0.00). We also observed significantly lower serum Cu and Zn concentrations in young (< 50 years) than the elderly (≥ 50 years) patients (P = 0.00). The mean Cu and Zn levels in the patients with generalized vitiligo (111.63±54.18 and 93.11±59.33 μg/dl, respectively) were significantly lower than patients with localized vitiligo (120.74 ±71.64 and 98.69±58.63 μg/dl, respectively) and those in the control (P = 0.00). The serum Cu/Zn ratio obtained in the young and male patients was higher than those in their matched controls (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The current study has shown that the disturbance of serum Cu and Zn levels is associated with vitiligo, and may play an important role in the disease development of Iranian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khoshdel
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naser Gholijani
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Niknam
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasim Rahmani
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hemmati-Dinarvand
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fakhraddin Naghibalhossaini
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran
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Edge R, Riley PA, Truscott TG. Does iron chelation by eumelanin contribute to the ethnic link with maternal mortality? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022; 278:107-108. [PMID: 36150313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Edge
- Dalton Cumbrian Facility, Westlakes Science Park, The University of Manchester, Cumbria CA24 3HA, UK
| | - P A Riley
- Division of Infection & Immunity, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - T G Truscott
- School of Chemical & Physical Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
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Marshall AT, Crewther SG. Osmotic gradients and transretinal water flow-a quantitative elemental microanalytical study of frozen hydrated chick eyes. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:975313. [PMID: 36353149 PMCID: PMC9639504 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.975313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical clarity and efficient phototransduction are necessary for optimal vision, however, how the associated processes of osmoregulation and continuous fluid drainage across the whole eye are achieved remains relatively unexplored. Hence, we have employed elemental microanalysis of planed surfaces of light-adapted bulk frozen-hydrated chick eyes to determine the unique intracellular elemental localization, compositions, and hydration states that contribute to maintaining osmotic gradients and water flow from the vitreous, across the retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), to choroid and sclera. As expected, the greatest difference in resultant osmotic concentration gradients, [calculated using the combined concentrations of sodium (Na) and potassium (K)] and tissue hydration [oxygen-defined water concentration], occurs in the outer retina and, in particular, in the RPE where the apical and basal membranes are characterized by numerous bioenergetically active, osmoregulating ion transport mechanisms, aquaporins, and chloride (Cl) channels. Our results also demonstrate that the high intracellular Na+ and K+ concentrations in the apical region of the RPE are partially derived from the melanosomes. The inclusion of the ubiquitous osmolyte taurine to the calculation of the osmotic gradients suggests a more gradual increase in the osmotic transport of water from the vitreous into the ganglion cell layer across the inner retina to the outer segments of the photoreceptor/apical RPE region where the water gradient increases rapidly towards the basal membrane. Thus transretinal water is likely to cross the apical membrane from the retina into the RPE cells down the Na+ and K+ derived osmotic concentration gradient and leave the RPE for the choroid across the basal membrane down the Cl- derived osmotic concentration gradient that is sustained by the well-described bioenergetically active RPE ion transporters and channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan T. Marshall
- Analytical Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sheila G. Crewther
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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34
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Villa F, Wu YL, Zerboni A, Cappitelli F. In Living Color: Pigment-Based Microbial Ecology At the Mineral-Air Interface. Bioscience 2022; 72:1156-1175. [PMID: 36451971 PMCID: PMC9699719 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigment-based color is one of the most important phenotypic traits of biofilms at the mineral-air interface (subaerial biofilms, SABs), because it reflects the physiology of the microbial community. Because color is the hallmark of all SABs, we argue that pigment-based color could convey the mechanisms that drive microbial adaptation and coexistence across different terrestrial environments and link phenotypic traits to community fitness and ecological dynamics. Within this framework, we present the most relevant microbial pigments at the mineral-air interface and discuss some of the evolutionary landscapes that necessitate pigments as adaptive strategies for resource allocation and survivability. We report several pigment features that reflect SAB communities' structure and function, as well as pigment ecology in the context of microbial life-history strategies and coexistence theory. Finally, we conclude the study of pigment-based ecology by presenting its potential application and some of the key challenges in the research.
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Liang Y, Guo W, Li C, Shen G, Tan H, Sun P, Chen Z, Huang H, Li Z, Li Z, Ren Y, Li G, Hu Y. Tumor-Targeted Polydopamine-Based Nanoparticles for Multimodal Mapping Following Photothermal Therapy of Metastatic Lymph Nodes. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4659-4675. [PMID: 36199474 PMCID: PMC9528963 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s367975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lymphadenectomy with lymph node (LN) mapping is essential for surgical removal of solid tumors. Existing agents do not provide accurate multimodal mapping and antitumor therapy for metastatic LNs; therefore, we fabricated a polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle (NP)-based tumor-targeted LN mapping agent capable of multimodal mapping and guided photothermal therapy (PTT) for metastatic LNs. Materials and Methods PDA NPs modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) were obtained by polymerization under alkaline conditions. The PEG-PDA NPs were loaded with the circular tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) to achieve tumor-targeting capacity and with the fluorescent dye IR820 and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast Gd(NH2)2 for in situ detection. The resulting cRGD-PEG-PDA@IR820/Gd(NH2)2 (cRGD-PPIG) NPs were tested for their biosafety and metastatic LN mapping ability. They were drained specifically into LNs and selectively taken up by gastric MKN45 cells via αvβ3 integrin-mediated endocytosis. Results This phenomenon enabled MR/optical/near-infrared fluorescence multimodal metastatic LN mapping, guiding the creation of accurate and highly efficient PTT for gastric cancer metastatic LNs in mice. Conclusion In summary, we fabricated tumor-targeted cRGD-PPIG NPs with MR/optical/near-infrared fluorescence multimodal metastatic LN mapping capacity for surgery and efficient PTT guidance post-surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrui Liang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihong Guo
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuangji Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guodong Shen
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoxian Tan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Sun
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhian Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huilin Huang
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyuan Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingxin Ren
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Turak N, Monnier‐Corbel A, Gouret M, Frantz A. Urbanization shapes the relation between density and melanin‐based colouration in bird communities. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neyla Turak
- Sorbonne Univ., Univ. Paris‐Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences – Paris Paris France
| | - Alice Monnier‐Corbel
- Sorbonne Univ., Univ. Paris‐Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences – Paris Paris France
- Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Univ. Paris France
- Emirates Center for Wildlife Propagation Missour Morocco
| | - Mélanie Gouret
- Sorbonne Univ., Univ. Paris‐Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences – Paris Paris France
| | - Adrien Frantz
- Sorbonne Univ., Univ. Paris‐Est Créteil, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences – Paris Paris France
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Mostert AB. The importance of water content on the conductivity of biomaterials and bioelectronic devices. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7108-7121. [PMID: 35735112 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00593j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conductive biocompatible-, bioinspired- and biomaterials are increasing in importance, especially in bioelectronic applications where these materials are used in a variety of devices. Given the intended purpose of many of these devices is to interface with the human body, a pertinent issue is the effect of water from the environment on the electrical properties of the materials and devices. A researcher on biomaterials may currently not be aware, but the conductivity of these materials and device performances can be significantly altered with the presence of hydration in the environment. Examples will be given to highlight the problem that the conductivity of biomaterials can change by orders of magnitude depending on water content. Furthermore, case studies will be discussed in which control of the water content was key to understanding the underlying charge transport mechanism of conductive biomaterials. Examples of various devices and their response to hydration content will also be covered. Finally, this perspective will also mention the various methods of hydration control (including contrast studies) that can be used to perform careful work on conductive biomaterials and devices. Overall, water content should be considered an environmental variable as important as temperature to control for sound scientific investigation and to yield understanding of conductive biomaterials and bioelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bernardus Mostert
- Department of Physics, Swansea University, Singleton Park, SA2, 8PP, Wales, UK.
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38
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Li Z, Heng H, Qin Q, Chen L, Wang Y, Zhou Z. Physicochemical properties, molecular structure, antioxidant activity, and biological function of extracellular melanin from Ascosphaera apis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:365-381. [PMID: 35557038 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ascosphaera apis spores containing a dark-colored pigment infect honeybee larvae, resulting in a large-scale collapse of the bee colony due to chalkbrood disease. However, little is known about the pigment or whether it plays a role in bee infection caused by A. apis. In this study, the pigment was isolated by alkali extraction, acid hydrolysis, and repeated precipitation. Ultraviolet (UV) analysis revealed that the pigment had a color value of 273, a maximum absorption peak at 195 nm, and a high alkaline solubility (7.67%) and acid precipitability. Further chemical structure analysis of the pigment, including elemental composition, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), proved that it was a eumelanin with a typical indole structure. The molecular formula of melanin is C10H6O4N2, and its molecular weight is 409 Da. Melanin has hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, and phenolic groups that can potentially chelate to metal ions. Antioxidant function analyses showed that A. apis melanin had a high scavenging activity against superoxide, hydroxyl, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, and a high reducing ability to Fe3+. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that A. apis melanin was located on the spore wall. The spore wall localization, antioxidant activity, and metal ion chelating properties of fungal melanin have been suggested to contribute to spore pathogenicity. However, further infection experiments showed that melanin-deficient spores did not reduce the mortality of bee larvae, indicating that melanin does not increase the virulence of A. apis spores. This study is the first report on melanin produced by A. apis, providing an important background reference for further study on its role in A. apis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Chongqing 401331, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Hui Heng
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qiqian Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Lanchun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yuedi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Chongqing 400715, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Duarte B, Carreiras J, Mamede R, Duarte IA, Caçador I, Reis-Santos P, Vasconcelos RP, Gameiro C, Rosa R, Tanner SE, Fonseca VF. Written in ink: elemental signatures in octopus ink successfully trace geographical origin. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Bedran ZV, Zhukov SS, Abramov PA, Tyurenkov IO, Gorshunov BP, Mostert AB, Motovilov KA. Water-Activated Semiquinone Formation and Carboxylic Acid Dissociation in Melanin Revealed by Infrared Spectroscopy. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4403. [PMID: 34960952 PMCID: PMC8705668 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Eumelanin is a widespread biomacromolecule pigment in the biosphere and has been widely investigated for numerous bioelectronics and energetic applications. Many of these applications depend on eumelanin's ability to conduct proton current at various levels of hydration. The origin of this behavior is connected to a comproportionation reaction between oxidized and reduced monomer moieties and water. A hydration-dependent FTIR spectroscopic study on eumelanin is presented herein, which allows for the first time tracking the comproportionation reaction via the gradual increase of the overall aromaticity of melanin monomers in the course of hydration. We identified spectral features associated with the presence of specific "one and a half" C𝌁O bonds, typical for o-semiquinones. Signatures of semiquinone monomers with internal hydrogen bonds and that carboxylic groups, in contrast to semiquinones, begin to dissociate at the very beginning of melanin hydration were indicated. As such, we suggest a modification to the common hydration-dependent conductivity mechanism and propose that the conductivity at low hydration is dominated by carboxylic acid protons, whereas higher hydration levels manifest semiquinone protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakhar V. Bedran
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute Lane 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (Z.V.B.); (S.S.Z.); (P.A.A.); (I.O.T.); (B.P.G.)
| | - Sergey S. Zhukov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute Lane 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (Z.V.B.); (S.S.Z.); (P.A.A.); (I.O.T.); (B.P.G.)
| | - Pavel A. Abramov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute Lane 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (Z.V.B.); (S.S.Z.); (P.A.A.); (I.O.T.); (B.P.G.)
| | - Ilya O. Tyurenkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute Lane 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (Z.V.B.); (S.S.Z.); (P.A.A.); (I.O.T.); (B.P.G.)
| | - Boris P. Gorshunov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute Lane 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (Z.V.B.); (S.S.Z.); (P.A.A.); (I.O.T.); (B.P.G.)
| | - A. Bernardus Mostert
- Department of Chemistry, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK;
| | - Konstantin A. Motovilov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute Lane 9, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (Z.V.B.); (S.S.Z.); (P.A.A.); (I.O.T.); (B.P.G.)
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41
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B A, Rajesh V, Rajesh N. Potential application of graphene oxide and Aspergillus niger spores with high adsorption capacity for recovery of europium from red phosphor, compact fluorescent lamp and simulated radioactive waste. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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42
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Araújo M, Silveira J, Sousa A, Bessa-Gonçalves M, Santos SG, Barrias CC. A bioinspired multifunctional hydrogel patch targeting inflammation and regeneration in chronic intestinal wounds. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:6510-6527. [PMID: 34582531 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00118c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Healing of intestinal chronic wounds remains a major challenge as current therapies are ineffective in promoting proper regeneration of the damaged intestinal wall. An innovative concept, based on a bioinspired multifunctional alginate-melanin hybrid 3D scaffold, to target both inflammatory and regenerative processes, is proposed herein. Hydrogel-entrapped melanin nanoparticles demonstrated free-radical scavenging activity, supported by the neutralization of free-radicals in solution (90%), and the in vitro capture of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by stimulated macrophages in an inflammatory-mimicking environment. Notably, scaffolds could be reused (at least 3 times), while maintaining these properties. The extracellular matrix (ECM)-inspired biomaterial, containing protease-sensitive and integrin-binding domains, exhibited remarkable ability for cell colonisation. Human intestinal fibroblasts and epithelial cells (Caco-2) co-seeded on lyophilized scaffolds were able to invade/colonize the construct and produce endogenous ECM, key for neo-tissue formation and re-epithelialization. Scaffolds presented tuneable mechanical properties and could be used both in hydrated and freeze-dried states, maintaining their performance upon rehydration, which are attractive features for clinical application. Collectively, our results highlight the potential of biofunctionalized alginate-melanin hybrid 3D scaffolds as multi-therapeutic patches for modulating inflammation and tissue regeneration in chronic intestinal wounds, which address a major but still unmet clinical need. The proposed multi-therapeutic strategy may potentially be extended to the treatment of other chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Araújo
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - João Silveira
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Aureliana Sousa
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Bessa-Gonçalves
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Susana G Santos
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal. .,INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313, Portugal
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Lanctôt CM, Cresswell T, Lombi E, Bennett WW. Synchrotron-Based Imaging Reveals the Fate of Selenium in Striped Marsh Frog Tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11848-11858. [PMID: 34382781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) coupled with X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) imaging was used to study selenium (Se) biodistribution and speciation in Limnodynastes peronii tadpoles. Tadpoles were exposed to dissolved Se (30 μg/L) as selenite (SeIV) or selenate (SeVI) for 7 days followed by 3 days of depuration. High-resolution elemental maps revealed that Se partitioned primarily in the eyes (specifically the eye lens, iris, and retinal pigmented epithelium), digestive and excretory organs of SeIV-exposed tadpoles. Speciation analysis confirmed that the majority of accumulated Se was converted to organo-Se. Multielement analyses provided new information on Se colocalization and its impact on trace element homeostasis. New insights into the fate of Se on a whole organism scale contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms and risks associated with Se pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal M Lanctôt
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia
| | - Tom Cresswell
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - William W Bennett
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215, Australia
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44
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Zandieh M, Liu J. Metal-Doped Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Highly Robust and Efficient DNA Adsorption and Sensing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:8953-8960. [PMID: 34309391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Controlling DNA adsorption on nanomaterials is crucial for a wide range of applications in analytical and biomedical sciences. Polydopamine (PDA) is a versatile material that can be coated on nearly any surface, and thus adsorbing DNA onto PDA can be a general method for indirect DNA functionalization of surfaces. Polyvalent metal ions were reported to promote DNA adsorption on PDA nanoparticles (NPs), but previous works added the metal ions after the formation of PDA. Herein, we compared the effect of polyvalent metal ions added during the synthesis of PDA NPs (called metal-doped) with the effect of polyvalent metal ions added after the synthesis (metal-adsorbed). A series of metal ions including Ca2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, and Gd3+ were tested, and Zn2+ was studied in detail due to its excellent ability for promoting DNA adsorption. With 100 μM Zn2+, metal-doped NPs were ∼30% more efficient than metal-adsorbed NPs for DNA adsorption in buffer attributable to a higher metal loading on the surface of the metal-doped NPs. Metal leaching was negligible from the metal-doped NPs, and they showed a remarkably higher robustness than the metal-adsorbed NPs, resulting in a 20-fold higher DNA extraction efficiency from serum. Based on the desorption studies, a higher adsorption affinity for the metal-doped NPs was confirmed. Finally, the Zn2+-doped PDA NPs were used for sensitive DNA detection with a limit of detection of 0.45 nM, and the sensor was highly resistant to nonspecific protein and phosphate displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Zandieh
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
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45
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Zhou X, Gong X, Cao W, Forman CJ, Oktawiec J, D'Alba L, Sun H, Thompson MP, Hu Z, Kapoor U, McCallum NC, Malliakas CD, Farha OK, Jayaraman A, Shawkey MD, Gianneschi NC. Anisotropic Synthetic Allomelanin Materials via Solid-State Polymerization of Self-Assembled 1,8-Dihydroxynaphthalene Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17464-17471. [PMID: 33913253 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Melanosomes in nature have diverse morphologies, including spheres, rods, and platelets. By contrast, shapes of synthetic melanins have been almost entirely limited to spherical nanoparticles with few exceptions produced by complex templated synthetic methods. Here, we report a non-templated method to access synthetic melanins with a variety of architectures including spheres, sheets, and platelets. Three 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene dimers (4-4', 2-4' and 2-2') were used as self-assembling synthons. These dimers pack to form well-defined structures of varying morphologies depending on the isomer. Specifically, distinctive ellipsoidal platelets can be obtained using 4-4' dimers. Solid-state polymerization of the preorganized dimers generates polymeric synthetic melanins while maintaining the initial particle morphologies. This work provides a new route to anisotropic synthetic melanins, where the building blocks are preorganized into specific shapes, followed by solid-state polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xinyi Gong
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Christopher J Forman
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Julia Oktawiec
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Liliana D'Alba
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, University of Ghent, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Matthew P Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ziying Hu
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Utkarsh Kapoor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Naneki C McCallum
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Christos D Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Matthew D Shawkey
- Department of Biology, Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, University of Ghent, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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Zhou X, Gong X, Cao W, Forman CJ, Oktawiec J, D'Alba L, Sun H, Thompson MP, Hu Z, Kapoor U, McCallum NC, Malliakas CD, Farha OK, Jayaraman A, Shawkey MD, Gianneschi NC. Anisotropic Synthetic Allomelanin Materials via Solid‐State Polymerization of Self‐Assembled 1,8‐Dihydroxynaphthalene Dimers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Zhou
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Xinyi Gong
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Christopher J. Forman
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Julia Oktawiec
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Liliana D'Alba
- Department of Biology Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group University of Ghent 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Matthew P. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Ziying Hu
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Utkarsh Kapoor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Colburn Laboratory University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Naneki C. McCallum
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Christos D. Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Colburn Laboratory Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Matthew D. Shawkey
- Department of Biology Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group University of Ghent 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry International Institute of Nanotechnology Simpson-Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
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47
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Understanding the way eumelanin works: A unique example of properties and skills driven by molecular heterogeneity. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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48
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Ma Y, Xia R, Ma X, Judson-Torres RL, Zeng H. Mucosal Melanoma: Pathological Evolution, Pathway Dependency and Targeted Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:702287. [PMID: 34350118 PMCID: PMC8327265 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.702287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare melanoma subtype that originates from melanocytes within sun-protected mucous membranes. Compared with cutaneous melanoma (CM), MM has worse prognosis and lacks effective treatment options. Moreover, the endogenous or exogenous risk factors that influence mucosal melanocyte transformation, as well as the identity of MM precursor lesions, are ambiguous. Consequently, there remains a lack of molecular markers that can be used for early diagnosis, and therefore better management, of MM. In this review, we first summarize the main functions of mucosal melanocytes. Then, using oral mucosal melanoma (OMM) as a model, we discuss the distinct pathologic stages from benign mucosal melanocytes to metastatic MM, mapping the possible evolutionary trajectories that correspond to MM initiation and progression. We highlight key areas of ambiguity during the genetic evolution of MM from its benign lesions, and the resolution of which could aid in the discovery of new biomarkers for MM detection and diagnosis. We outline the key pathways that are altered in MM, including the MAPK pathway, the PI3K/AKT pathway, cell cycle regulation, telomere maintenance, and the RNA maturation process, and discuss targeted therapy strategies for MM currently in use or under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Ma
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronghui Xia
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui Ma
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial - Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Robert L Judson-Torres
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Hanlin Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai, China
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49
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Fungal Melanins and Applications in Healthcare, Bioremediation and Industry. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7060488. [PMID: 34207260 PMCID: PMC8235761 DOI: 10.3390/jof7060488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin is a complex multifunctional pigment found in all kingdoms of life, including fungi. The complex chemical structure of fungal melanins, yet to be fully elucidated, lends them multiple unique functions ranging from radioprotection and antioxidant activity to heavy metal chelation and organic compound absorption. Given their many biological functions, fungal melanins present many possibilities as natural compounds that could be exploited for human use. This review summarizes the current discourse and attempts to apply fungal melanin to enhance human health, remove pollutants from ecosystems, and streamline industrial processes. While the potential applications of fungal melanins are often discussed in the scientific community, they are successfully executed less often. Some of the challenges in the applications of fungal melanin to technology include the knowledge gap about their detailed structure, difficulties in isolating melanotic fungi, challenges in extracting melanin from isolated species, and the pathogenicity concerns that accompany working with live melanotic fungi. With proper acknowledgment of these challenges, fungal melanin holds great potential for societal benefit in the coming years.
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50
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Oh JJ, Kim JY, Kim YJ, Kim S, Kim GH. Utilization of extracellular fungal melanin as an eco-friendly biosorbent for treatment of metal-contaminated effluents. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129884. [PMID: 33582504 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fungal melanins have been considered as potential biosorbents due to their metal-binding properties, stability, and scalability. Previous studies established scalable fungal melanin production methods with promising strains, however, their applicability for metal-contaminated effluents treatment has not been sufficiently reported. Herein, melanin pigment derived from Amorphotheca resinae was produced and characterized using microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Adsorptive properties towards Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) were evaluated using batch tests. Melanin pigment was composed of aggregates of nanosized particles with indole-based constituents. Adsorption capacities increased with the pH of solution, especially at pH > 4.0. Maximum binding capacities of Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) on melanin were 69.18, 103.23, 24.31, and 13.57 mg/g, respectively. The competitive adsorption experiments elucidated affinity as Cu(II)>Pb(II)≫Cd(II)>Zn(II). Adsorption time generally required <2.5 h to reach equilibrium; the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well described the kinetics. Chelating ability of free radicals in pigment was considered as a possible mechanism for adsorption. Initial adsorption capacities remained almost intact even after 5 consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Complete removal of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) from metal-contaminated effluent was confirmed. Consequently, melanin pigment derived from A. resinae can be used as a biosorbent suitable for the treatment of metal-contaminated aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Joo Oh
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jee Young Kim
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Life Science and Biotechnology Department, Underwood Division, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sok Kim
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Gyu-Hyeok Kim
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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