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Trad P, Blin-Simiand N, Jeanney P, Pasquiers S, Lemaire J, Louarn E, Mestdagh H, Heninger M. Monitoring of n-hexane degradation in a plasma reactor by chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2023; 148:6050-6060. [PMID: 37901987 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01617j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
n-Hexane (C6H14) removal and conversion are investigated in a filamentary plasma generated by a pulsed high-voltage Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) at atmospheric pressure and room temperature in a dry N2/O2 (20%) mixture with C6H14. The degradation of n-hexane and the by-product formation are analyzed in real-time using a high-resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer coupled with Chemical Ionization (CI). As alkanes are reacting slowly with H3O+ ions, two precursor ions were used: O2+ to follow the n-hexane mixing ratios and H3O+ to follow the mixing ratios of organic by-products. As the CI-FTICR technique can work at high mixing ratios, studies were made between 5 and 200 ppm of n-hexane. Absorption spectroscopy is also used to follow ozone and carbon dioxide molecules. We show that the DBD efficiency increases for lower n-hexane mixing ratios and a large number of by-products are identified, with the major compounds being: formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide along with nitrate compounds. Based on the nature of the by-products characterized, a mechanism accounting for their formation is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Trad
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, 91405 Orsay, France.
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS60027, 54519 Vandæuvre Cedex, France
| | - Nicole Blin-Simiand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Pascal Jeanney
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Stéphane Pasquiers
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Joel Lemaire
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Essyllt Louarn
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Hélène Mestdagh
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Michel Heninger
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, 91405 Orsay, France
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Liu B, Dong S, Debleza J, Chen W, Xu Q, Wang H, Bourgalais J, Herbinet O, Curran HJ, Battin-Leclerc F, Wang Z. Experimental and Updated Kinetic Modeling Study of Neopentane Low Temperature Oxidation. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2113-2122. [PMID: 36815799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Neopentane is an ideal fuel model to study low-temperature oxidation chemistry. The significant discrepancies between experimental data and simulations using the existing neopentane models indicate that an updated study of neopentane oxidation is needed. In this work, neopentane oxidation experiments are carried out using two jet-stirred reactors (JSRs) at 1 atm, at a residence time of 3 s, and at three different equivalence ratios of 0.5, 0.9, and 1.62. Two different analytical methods (synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography) were used to investigate the species distributions. Numerous oxidation intermediates were detected and quantified, including acetone, 3,3-dimethyloxetane, methacrolein, isobutene, 2-methylpropanal, isobutyric acid, and peroxides, which are valuable for validating the kinetic model describing neopentane oxidation. In the model development, the pressure dependencies of the rate constants for the reaction classes Q̇OOH + O2 and Q̇OOH decompositions are considered. This addition improves the prediction of the low-temperature oxidation reactivity of neopentane. Another focus of model development is to improve the prediction of carboxylic acids formed during the low-temperature oxidation of neopentane. The detection and identification of isobutyric acid indicates the existence of the Korcek mechanism during neopentane oxidation. Regarding the formation of acetic acid, the reaction channels are considered to be initiated from the reactions of ȮH radical addition to acetaldehyde/acetone. This updated kinetic model is validated extensively against the experimental data in this work and various experimental data available in the literature, including ignition delay times (IDTs) from both shock tubes (STs) and rapid compression machines (RCMs) and JSR speciation data at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, PR China
| | - Shijun Dong
- Combustion Chemistry Centre, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Ryan Institute, MaREI, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.,School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, PR China
| | - Janney Debleza
- LRGP, Université de Lorraine and CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Weiye Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, PR China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, PR China
| | | | | | - Henry J Curran
- Combustion Chemistry Centre, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Ryan Institute, MaREI, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | | | - Zhandong Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
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Hellmuth M, Chen B, Bariki C, Cai L, Cameron F, Wildenberg A, Huang C, Faller S, Ren Y, Beeckmann J, Leonhard K, Heufer KA, Hansen N, Pitsch H. A Comparative Study on the Combustion Chemistry of Two Bio-hybrid Fuels: 1,3-Dioxane and 1,3-Dioxolane. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:286-299. [PMID: 36580040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bio-hybrid fuels are a promising solution to accomplish a carbon-neutral and low-emission future for the transportation sector. Two potential candidates are the heterocyclic acetals 1,3-dioxane (C4H8O2) and 1,3-dioxolane (C3H6O2), which can be produced from the combination of biobased feedstocks, carbon dioxide, and renewable electricity. In this work, comprehensive experimental and numerical investigations of 1,3-dioxane and 1,3-dioxolane were performed to support their application in internal combustion engines. Ignition delay times and laminar flame speeds were measured to reveal the combustion chemistry on the macroscale, while speciation measurements in a jet-stirred reactor and ethylene-based counterflow diffusion flames provided insights into combustion chemistry and pollutant formation on the microscale. Comparing the experimental and numerical data using either available or proposed kinetic models revealed that the combustion chemistry and pollutant formation differ substantially between 1,3-dioxane and 1,3-dioxolane, although their molecular structures are similar. For example, 1,3-dioxane showed higher reactivity in the low-temperature regime (500-800 K), while 1,3-dioxolane addition to ethylene increased polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and soot formation in high-temperature (>800 K) counterflow diffusion flames. Reaction pathway analyses were performed to examine and explain the differences between these two bio-hybrid fuels, which originate from the chemical bond dissociation energies in their molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hellmuth
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Bingjie Chen
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Chaimae Bariki
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Liming Cai
- School for Automotive Studies, Tongji University, 201804Shanghai, China
| | - Florence Cameron
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Alina Wildenberg
- Chair of High Pressure Gas Dynamics, Shock Wave Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Can Huang
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Faller
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Yihua Ren
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Beeckmann
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Kai Leonhard
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Karl Alexander Heufer
- Chair of High Pressure Gas Dynamics, Shock Wave Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California94551, United States
| | - Heinz Pitsch
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, 52056Aachen, Germany
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Kohse-Höinghaus K. Combustion in the future: The importance of chemistry. PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMBUSTION 2020; 38:S1540-7489(20)30501-0. [PMID: 33013234 PMCID: PMC7518234 DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combustion involves chemical reactions that are often highly exothermic. Combustion systems utilize the energy of chemical compounds released during this reactive process for transportation, to generate electric power, or to provide heat for various applications. Chemistry and combustion are interlinked in several ways. The outcome of a combustion process in terms of its energy and material balance, regarding the delivery of useful work as well as the generation of harmful emissions, depends sensitively on the molecular nature of the respective fuel. The design of efficient, low-emission combustion processes in compliance with air quality and climate goals suggests a closer inspection of the molecular properties and reactions of conventional, bio-derived, and synthetic fuels. Information about flammability, reaction intensity, and potentially hazardous combustion by-products is important also for safety considerations. Moreover, some of the compounds that serve as fuels can assume important roles in chemical energy storage and conversion. Combustion processes can furthermore be used to synthesize materials with attractive properties. A systematic understanding of the combustion behavior thus demands chemical knowledge. Desirable information includes properties of the thermodynamic states before and after the combustion reactions and relevant details about the dynamic processes that occur during the reactive transformations from the fuel and oxidizer to the products under the given boundary conditions. Combustion systems can be described, tailored, and improved by taking chemical knowledge into account. Combining theory, experiment, model development, simulation, and a systematic analysis of uncertainties enables qualitative or even quantitative predictions for many combustion situations of practical relevance. This article can highlight only a few of the numerous investigations on chemical processes for combustion and combustion-related science and applications, with a main focus on gas-phase reaction systems. It attempts to provide a snapshot of recent progress and a guide to exciting opportunities that drive such research beyond fossil combustion.
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Key Words
- 2M2B, 2-methyl-2-butene
- AFM, atomic force microscopy
- ALS, Advanced Light Source
- APCI, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
- ARAS, atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy
- ATcT, Active Thermochemical Tables
- BC, black carbon
- BEV, battery electric vehicle
- BTL, biomass-to-liquid
- Biofuels
- CA, crank angle
- CCS, carbon capture and storage
- CEAS, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy
- CFD, computational fluid dynamics
- CI, compression ignition
- CRDS, cavity ring-down spectroscopy
- CTL, coal-to-liquid
- Combustion
- Combustion chemistry
- Combustion diagnostics
- Combustion kinetics
- Combustion modeling
- Combustion synthesis
- DBE, di-n-butyl ether
- DCN, derived cetane number
- DEE, diethyl ether
- DFT, density functional theory
- DFWM, degenerate four-wave mixing
- DMC, dimethyl carbonate
- DME, dimethyl ether
- DMM, dimethoxy methane
- DRIFTS, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy
- EGR, exhaust gas recirculation
- EI, electron ionization
- Emissions
- Energy
- Energy conversion
- FC, fuel cell
- FCEV, fuel cell electric vehicle
- FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- FT, Fischer-Tropsch
- FTIR, Fourier-transform infrared
- Fuels
- GC, gas chromatography
- GHG, greenhouse gas
- GTL, gas-to-liquid
- GW, global warming
- HAB, height above the burner
- HACA, hydrogen abstraction acetylene addition
- HCCI, homogeneous charge compression ignition
- HFO, heavy fuel oil
- HRTEM, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy
- IC, internal combustion
- ICEV, internal combustion engine vehicle
- IE, ionization energy
- IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- IR, infrared
- JSR, jet-stirred reactor
- KDE, kernel density estimation
- KHP, ketohydroperoxide
- LCA, lifecycle analysis
- LH2, liquid hydrogen
- LIF, laser-induced fluorescence
- LIGS, laser-induced grating spectroscopy
- LII, laser-induced incandescence
- LNG, liquefied natural gas
- LOHC, liquid organic hydrogen carrier
- LT, low-temperature
- LTC, low-temperature combustion
- MBMS, molecular-beam MS
- MDO, marine diesel oil
- MS, mass spectrometry
- MTO, methanol-to-olefins
- MVK, methyl vinyl ketone
- NOx, nitrogen oxides
- NTC, negative temperature coefficient
- OME, oxymethylene ether
- OTMS, Orbitrap MS
- PACT, predictive automated computational thermochemistry
- PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
- PDF, probability density function
- PEM, polymer electrolyte membrane
- PEPICO, photoelectron photoion coincidence
- PES, photoelectron spectrum/spectra
- PFR, plug-flow reactor
- PI, photoionization
- PIE, photoionization efficiency
- PIV, particle imaging velocimetry
- PLIF, planar laser-induced fluorescence
- PM, particulate matter
- PM10 PM2,5, sampled fractions with sizes up to ∼10 and ∼2,5 µm
- PRF, primary reference fuel
- QCL, quantum cascade laser
- RCCI, reactivity-controlled compression ignition
- RCM, rapid compression machine
- REMPI, resonance-enhanced multi-photon ionization
- RMG, reaction mechanism generator
- RON, research octane number
- Reaction mechanisms
- SI, spark ignition
- SIMS, secondary ion mass spectrometry
- SNG, synthetic natural gas
- SNR, signal-to-noise ratio
- SOA, secondary organic aerosol
- SOEC, solid-oxide electrolysis cell
- SOFC, solid-oxide fuel cell
- SOx, sulfur oxides
- STM, scanning tunneling microscopy
- SVO, straight vegetable oil
- Synthetic fuels
- TDLAS, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
- TOF-MS, time-of-flight MS
- TPES, threshold photoelectron spectrum/spectra
- TPRF, toluene primary reference fuel
- TSI, threshold sooting index
- TiRe-LII, time-resolved LII
- UFP, ultrafine particle
- VOC, volatile organic compound
- VUV, vacuum ultraviolet
- WLTP, Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure
- XAS, X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- YSI, yield sooting index
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Hamann DM, Bauers SR, Miller AM, Ditto J, Moore DB, Johnson DC. Synthesis and Characterization of [(PbSe) 1+δ] 4[TiSe 2] 4 Isomers. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:10928-10937. [PMID: 32648754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the preparation of a series of [(PbSe)1+δ]4[TiSe2]4 isomers via a low temperature synthesis approach that exploits precursor nanoarchitecture to direct formation of specific isomers. The targeted isomers formed even when the precursors did not have the correct amount of each element to make a unit cell from each repeating sequence of elemental layers deposited. This suggests that the exact composition of the precursors is less important than the nanoarchitecture in directing the formation of the compounds. The as-deposited diffraction data show that the isomers begin to form during the deposition, and Ti2Se, in addition to PbSe and TiSe2, are present in the specular diffraction patterns. HAADF-STEM images reveal impurity layers above and below an integer number of targeted isomer unit cells. The structural data suggest that Ti2Se forms as Se is deposited on the initial Ti layers and remains throughout isomer self-assembly. During growth, the isomers deplete the local supply of Ti and Pb, creating diffusion gradients that drive additional cations toward the growth front, which leaves surface impurity layers of TiSe2 and TiO2 after the supply of Pb is exhausted. The deposited stacking sequences direct formation of the targeted isomers, but fewer repeating units form than intended due to the lack of material per layer in the precursor and formation of impurity layers. All isomers have negative Hall and Seebeck coefficients, indicating that electrons are the majority carrier. The carrier concentration and conductivity of the isomers increase with the number of interfaces in the unit cell, resulting from charge donation between adjacent layers. The opposite variation of the carrier concentration and mobility with temperature result in minima in the resistivity between 50 and 100 K. The very weak temperature dependence of the carrier concentration likely results from changes in the amount of charge transfer between the layers with temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Hamann
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Sage R Bauers
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Aaron M Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Jeffrey Ditto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Daniel B Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - David C Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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Hansen N, Moshammer K, Jasper AW. Isomer-Selective Detection of Keto-Hydroperoxides in the Low-Temperature Oxidation of Tetrahydrofuran. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:8274-8284. [PMID: 31483667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Keto-hydroperoxides (KHPs) are reactive, partially oxidized intermediates that play a central role in chain-branching reactions during the gas-phase low-temperature oxidation of hydrocarbons and oxygenated species. Although multiple isomeric forms of the KHP intermediate are possible in complex oxidation environments when multiple reactant radicals exist that contain nonequivalent O2 addition sites, isomer-resolved data of KHPs have not been reported. In this work, we provide partially isomer-resolved detection and quantification of the KHPs that form during the low-temperature oxidation of tetrahydrofuran (THF, cycl.-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2-). We describe how these short-lived KHPs were detected, identified, and quantified using integrated experimental and theoretical approaches. The experimental approaches were based on direct molecular-beam sampling from a jet-stirred reactor operated at near-atmospheric pressure and at temperatures between 500 and 700 K, followed by mass spectrometry with single-photon ionization via tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum-ultraviolet radiation, and the identification of fragmentation patterns. The interpretation of the experiments was guided by theoretical calculations of ionization thresholds, fragment appearance energies, and photoionization cross sections. On the basis of the experimentally observed and theoretically calculated ionization and fragment appearance energies, KHP isomers could be distinguished as originating from H-abstraction reactions from either the α-C adjacent to the O atom or the β-C atoms. Temperature-dependent concentration profiles of the partially resolved isomeric KHP intermediates were determined in the range of 500-700 K, and the results indicate that the observed KHP isomers are formed overwhelmingly (∼99%) from the α-C THF radical. Comparisons of the partially isomer-resolved quantification of the KHPs to up-to-date kinetic modeling results reveal new opportunities for the development of a next-generation THF oxidation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Hansen
- Combustion Research Facility , Sandia National Laboratories , Livermore , California 94551 , United States
| | - Kai Moshammer
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt , Bundesallee 100 , 38116 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
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Xing L, Bao JL, Wang Z, Wang X, Truhlar DG. Relative Rates of Hydrogen Shift Isomerizations Depend Strongly on Multiple-Structure Anharmonicity. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17556-17570. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Xing
- Energy and Power Engineering Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Zhandong Wang
- Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuetao Wang
- Energy and Power Engineering Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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8
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Zou JB, Li W, Ye LL, Zhang XY, Li YY, Yang JZ, Qi F. Exploring the low-temperature oxidation chemistry of cyclohexane in a jet-stirred reactor: An experimental and kinetic modeling study. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/31/cjcp1806135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-biao Zou
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li-li Ye
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiao-yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-yang Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiu-zhong Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
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9
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Jones PJ, Riser B, Zhang J. Flash Pyrolysis of t-Butyl Hydroperoxide and Di-t-butyl Peroxide: Evidence of Roaming in the Decomposition of Organic Hydroperoxides. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:7846-7853. [PMID: 28956925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b07359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thermal decomposition of t-butyl hydroperoxide and di-t-butyl peroxide was investigated using flash pyrolysis (in a short reaction time of <100 μs) and vacuum-ultraviolet (λ = 118.2 nm) single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (VUV-SPI-TOFMS) at temperatures up to 1120 K and quantum computational methods. Acetone and methyl radical were detected as the predominant products in the initial decomposition of di-t-butyl peroxide via O-O bond fission. In the initial dissociation of t-butyl hydroperoxide, acetone, methyl radical, isobutylene, and isobutylene oxide products were identified. The novel detection of the unimolecular formation of isobutylene oxide, as supported by the computational study, was found to proceed via a roaming hydroxyl radical facilitated by a hydrogen-bonded intermediate. This new pathway could provide a new class of reactions to consider in the modeling of the low temperature oxidation of alkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Jones
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Air Pollution Research Center, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Blake Riser
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Air Pollution Research Center, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Air Pollution Research Center, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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10
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Kirschner KN, Heiden W, Reith D. Relative electronic and free energies of octane's unique conformations. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1262076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl N. Kirschner
- Department of Computer Science, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Institute of Visual Computing, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Heiden
- Department of Computer Science, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Institute of Visual Computing, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Dirk Reith
- Institute of Visual Computing, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Augustin, Germany
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Technical Journalism, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, Sankt Augustin, Germany
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11
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Moshammer K, Jasper AW, Popolan-Vaida DM, Lucassen A, Diévart P, Selim H, Eskola AJ, Taatjes CA, Leone SR, Sarathy SM, Ju Y, Dagaut P, Kohse-Höinghaus K, Hansen N. Detection and Identification of the Keto-Hydroperoxide (HOOCH2OCHO) and Other Intermediates during Low-Temperature Oxidation of Dimethyl Ether. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:7361-74. [PMID: 25695304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report the detection and identification of the keto-hydroperoxide (hydroperoxymethyl formate, HPMF, HOOCH2OCHO) and other partially oxidized intermediate species arising from the low-temperature (540 K) oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME). These observations were made possible by coupling a jet-stirred reactor with molecular-beam sampling capabilities, operated near atmospheric pressure, to a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer that employs single-photon ionization via tunable synchrotron-generated vacuum-ultraviolet radiation. On the basis of experimentally observed ionization thresholds and fragmentation appearance energies, interpreted with the aid of ab initio calculations, we have identified HPMF and its conceivable decomposition products HC(O)O(O)CH (formic acid anhydride), HC(O)OOH (performic acid), and HOC(O)OH (carbonic acid). Other intermediates that were detected and identified include HC(O)OCH3 (methyl formate), cycl-CH2-O-CH2-O- (1,3-dioxetane), CH3OOH (methyl hydroperoxide), HC(O)OH (formic acid), and H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide). We show that the theoretical characterization of multiple conformeric structures of some intermediates is required when interpreting the experimentally observed ionization thresholds, and a simple method is presented for estimating the importance of multiple conformers at the estimated temperature (∼100 K) of the present molecular beam. We also discuss possible formation pathways of the detected species: for example, supported by potential energy surface calculations, we show that performic acid may be a minor channel of the O2 + ĊH2OCH2OOH reaction, resulting from the decomposition of the HOOCH2OĊHOOH intermediate, which predominantly leads to the HPMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Moshammer
- †Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States.,‡Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- †Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Denisia M Popolan-Vaida
- §Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,∥Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Arnas Lucassen
- †Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Pascal Diévart
- ⊥Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hatem Selim
- #Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arkke J Eskola
- †Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Craig A Taatjes
- †Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
| | - Stephen R Leone
- §Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,∥Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - S Mani Sarathy
- #Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiguang Ju
- ⊥Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Philippe Dagaut
- ∇Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSIS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | | | - Nils Hansen
- †Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94551, United States
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