1
|
Karaoglu IC, Kebabci AO, Kizilel S. Optimization of Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel Properties through an Artificial Neural Network Model. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:44796-44808. [PMID: 37704030 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels are promising materials for tissue engineering applications due to their biocompatibility and tunable properties. However, the time-consuming process of preparing GelMA hydrogels with desirable properties for specific biomedical applications limits their clinical use. Visible-light-induced cross-linking is a well-known method for the preparation of GelMA hydrogels; however, a comprehensive investigation on the influence of critical parameters such as Eosin Y (EY), triethanolamine (TEA), and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) concentrations on the stiffness and gelation time has yet to be performed. In this study, we systematically investigated the effect of these critical parameters on the stiffness and gelation time of GelMA hydrogels. We developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model with three input variables, EY, TEA, and NVP concentrations, and two output variables, Young's modulus and gelation time, derived from our experimental design. Through the alteration of individual chemical concentrations, [EY] between 0.005 and 0.5 mM and [TEA] and [NVP] between 10 and 1000 mM, we studied the impact of these alterations on the real-time values of stiffness and gelation time. Furthermore, we demonstrated the validity of the ANN model in predicting the properties of GelMA hydrogels. We also studied cell survival to establish nontoxic concentration ranges for each component, enabling safer use of GelMA hydrogels in relevant biomedical applications. Our results showed that the ANN model can accurately predict the properties of GelMA hydrogels, allowing for the synthesis of hydrogels with desirable stiffness for various biomedical applications. In conclusion, our study provides a comprehensive library that characterizes the stiffness and gelation time and demonstrates the potential of the ANN model to predict these properties of GelMA hydrogels depending on the critical parameters. The ANN models developed here can facilitate the optimization of GelMA hydrogels with the most efficient mechanical properties that resemble a native extracellular matrix and better address the need in the in vivo microenvironment. The approach of this study is to bring research about the synthesis of GelMA hydrogels to a new level where the synthesis of these hydrogels can be standardized with minimum cost and effort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Can Karaoglu
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aybaran Olca Kebabci
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hinojosa-Ventura G, García-Ramírez MA, Acosta-Cuevas JM, González-Reynoso O. Generation of Photopolymerized Microparticles Based on PEGDA Hydrogel Using T-Junction Microfluidic Devices: Effect of the Flow Rates. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1279. [PMID: 37512590 PMCID: PMC10385006 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The formation of microparticles (MPs) of biocompatible and biodegradable hydrogels such as polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) utilizing microfluidic devices is an attractive option for entrapment and encapsulation of active principles and microorganisms. Our research group has presented in previous studies a formulation to produce these hydrogels with adequate physical and mechanical characteristics for their use in the formation of MPs. In this work, hydrogel MPs are formed based on PEGDA using a microfluidic device with a T-junction design, and the MPs become hydrogel through a system of photopolymerization. The diameters of the MPs are evaluated as a function of the hydrodynamic condition flow rates of the continuous (Qc) and disperse (Qd) phases, measured by optical microscopy, and characterized through scanning electron microscopy. As a result, the following behavior is found: the diameter is inversely proportional to the increase in flow in the continuous phase (Qc), and it has a significant statistical effect that is greater than that in the flow of the disperse phase (Qd). While the diameter of the MPs is proportional to Qd, it does not have a significant statistical effect on the intervals of flow studied. Additionally, the MPs' polydispersity index (PDI) was measured for each experimental hydrodynamic condition, and all values were smaller than 0.05, indicating high homogeneity in the MPs. The microparticles have the potential to entrap pharmaceuticals and microorganisms, with possible pharmacological and bioremediation applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Hinojosa-Ventura
- Chemical Engineering Department, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd.M. García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mario Alberto García-Ramírez
- Electronics Department, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd.M. García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Acosta-Cuevas
- Chemical Engineering Department, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd.M. García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Orfil González-Reynoso
- Chemical Engineering Department, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd.M. García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen H, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Liu D, Li M, Cao Y. Surface encapsulating UV filters based on self-assembly of an amphiphilic random copolymer by miniemulsion polymerization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
|
4
|
Moon SH, Hwang HJ, Jeon HR, Park SJ, Bae IS, Yang YJ. Photocrosslinkable natural polymers in tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1127757. [PMID: 36970625 PMCID: PMC10037533 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1127757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polymers have been widely used in scaffolds for tissue engineering due to their superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low cytotoxicity compared to synthetic polymers. Despite these advantages, there remain drawbacks such as unsatisfying mechanical properties or low processability, which hinder natural tissue substitution. Several non-covalent or covalent crosslinking methods induced by chemicals, temperatures, pH, or light sources have been suggested to overcome these limitations. Among them, light-assisted crosslinking has been considered as a promising strategy for fabricating microstructures of scaffolds. This is due to the merits of non-invasiveness, relatively high crosslinking efficiency via light penetration, and easily controllable parameters, including light intensity or exposure time. This review focuses on photo-reactive moieties and their reaction mechanisms, which are widely exploited along with natural polymer and its tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hyung Moon
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryeong Jeon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Ji Park
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sun Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Yun Jung Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Williams TJ, Jeevarathinam AS, Jivan F, Baldock V, Kim P, McShane MJ, Alge DL. Glucose biosensors based on Michael addition crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels with chemo-optical sensing microdomains. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1749-1759. [PMID: 36723375 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02339c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have the potential to lead to better disease management and improved outcomes in patients with diabetes. Chemo-optical glucose sensors offer a promising, accurate, long-term alternative to the current CGMs that require frequent calibration and replacement. Recently, we have proposed glucose sensor designs using phosphorescence lifetime-based measurement of chemo-optical glucose sensing microdomains embedded within alginate hydrogels. Due to the poor long-term stability of calcium-crosslinked alginate, we propose poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels synthesized via thiol-Michael addition chemistry as an alternative hydrogel carrier. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of Michael addition crosslinked PEG hydrogels compared to calcium crosslinked alginate hydrogels for encapsulating glucose-sensing microdomains. PEG hydrogels crosslinked via thiol-vinyl sulfone addition achieved gelation in under 5 minutes, resulting in an even distribution of sensing microdomains. The shear storage modulus of the PEG hydrogels was tunable from 2.2 ± 0.1 kPa to 9.5 ± 1.8 kPa, which was comparable to the alginate hydrogels (10.5 ± 0.8 kPa), and the inclusion of microdomains did not significantly impact stiffness. The high water content of PEG hydrogels resulted in high glucose permeability that closely corresponded to the glucose permeability of alginate (D = 0.09 and 0.12 cm2 s-1, respectively; p = 0.47), but the PEG hydrogels exhibited superior stability. Both PEG and alginate-embedded sensors exhibited a sensing range up to ∼200 mg dL-1 glucose. The lower limits of detection (LOD) for PEG and alginate-based glucose sensors were 19.8 and 20.6 mg dL-1 with a difference of just 4.2% variation. The small difference between PEG and alginate embedded sensors indicates that their sensing properties are primarily determined by the glucose sensing microdomains rather than the hydrogel matrix. Overall, the results of this study indicate that Michael addition-crosslinked PEG hydrogels are a promising platform for encapsulation of chemo-optical glucose sensing microdomains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyrell J Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | | | - Faraz Jivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | - Victoria Baldock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | - Paul Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | - Michael J McShane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel L Alge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bal T, Karaoglu IC, Murat FS, Yalcin E, Sasaki Y, Akiyoshi K, Kizilel S. Immunological response of polysaccharide nanogel-incorporating PEG hydrogels in an in vivo diabetic model. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1794-1810. [PMID: 35549832 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2077512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies hold significant advantages in comparison with the traditional drug-based or injection-based treatments. However, for long-term functional cellular implants, immune acceptance must be established. To accomplish the acceptance of the implanted cells, various biomaterial systems have been studied. Nanogels have shown great potential for modulation of cellular microenvironments, acting as a physical barrier between the immune system and the implant. However, internalization of nano-scale materials by implanted cells is not desirable and is yet to be overcome. In this study, we incorporated acrylate modified cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHPOA) nanogels into poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels through covalent crosslinking, where we used visible light-induced photopolymerization. We characterized morphology and swelling properties of CHPOA incorporated PEG composite hydrogels using FE-SEM and gravimetric analysis. Also, we investigated the biocompatibility properties of composite hydrogels in vivo, where we used both healthy and diabetic mice. We induced diabetes in mice using a low dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections and implanted composite hydrogels in both diabetic and healthy mice through subcutaneous route. Immune cell infiltration of the retrieved tissue was examined through histological analysis, where we observed minimum immune response levels of 0-2 rareness, according to ISO standard of biological evaluation of medical devices. Our observation suggests that the composite hydrogel developed here can be used to introduce nanostructured domains into bulk hydrogels and that this system has potential to be used as immunologically acceptable composite material in cellular therapy without internalization of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Bal
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Sariyer, Turkey
| | - Ismail Can Karaoglu
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Sariyer, Turkey
| | - Fusun Sevval Murat
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Sariyer, Turkey
| | - Esra Yalcin
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Sariyer, Turkey
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), The Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Bio-nanotransporter Project, Katsura Int'tech Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Sariyer, Turkey
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, Koc University, Istanbul, Sariyer, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu S, Zhang T, Xing J. A facile approach preparing PMMA nanospheres through in-situ surfactant miniemulsion photopolymerization under green LED irradiation. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
8
|
Mueller M, Bandl C, Kern W. Surface-Immobilized Photoinitiators for Light Induced Polymerization and Coupling Reactions. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:608. [PMID: 35160597 PMCID: PMC8839765 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Straightforward and versatile surface modification, functionalization and coating have become a significant topic in material sciences. While physical modification suffers from severe drawbacks, such as insufficient stability, chemical induced grafting processes efficiently modify organic and inorganic materials and surfaces due to covalent linkage. These processes include the "grafting from" method, where polymer chains are directly grown from the surface in terms of a surface-initiated polymerization and the "grafting to" method where a preformed (macro)-molecule is introduced to a preliminary treated surface via a coupling reaction. Both methods require an initiating species that is immobilized at the surface and can be triggered either by heat or light, whereas light induced processes have recently received increasing interest. Therefore, a major challenge is the ongoing search for suitable anchor moieties that provide covalent linkage to the surface and include initiators for surface-initiated polymerization and coupling reactions, respectively. This review containing 205 references provides an overview on photoinitiators which are covalently coupled to different surfaces, and are utilized for subsequent photopolymerizations and photocoupling reactions. An emphasis is placed on the coupling strategies for different surfaces, including oxides, metals, and cellulosic materials, with a focus on surface coupled free radical photoinitiators (type I and type II). Furthermore, the concept of surface initiation mediated by photoiniferters (PIMP) is reviewed. Regarding controlled radical polymerization from surfaces, a large section of the paper reviews surface-tethered co-initiators, ATRP initiators, and RAFT agents. In combination with photoinitiators or photoredox catalysts, these compounds are employed for surface initiated photopolymerizations. Moreover, examples for coupled photoacids and photoacid generators are presented. Another large section of the article reviews photocoupling and photoclick techniques. Here, the focus is set on light sensitive groups, such as organic azides, tetrazoles and diazirines, which have proven useful in biochemistry, composite technology and many other fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Mueller
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Otto-Glöckel-Straße 2, A-8700 Leoben, Austria; (C.B.); (W.K.)
| | - Christine Bandl
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Otto-Glöckel-Straße 2, A-8700 Leoben, Austria; (C.B.); (W.K.)
| | - Wolfgang Kern
- Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Institute of Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Otto-Glöckel-Straße 2, A-8700 Leoben, Austria; (C.B.); (W.K.)
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Rosegger-Strasse 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Peng Y, Wang Z, Peña J, Guo Z, Xing J. Effect of TEOA on the Process of Photopolymerization at 532 nm and Properties of Nanogels. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:132-140. [PMID: 34390000 DOI: 10.1111/php.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanogel is an important kind of biomaterials applied for wound dressings, drug delivery, medical diagnostics and biosensors. The properties of nanogels closely depend on the density of the crosslinking network. In this study, the role of triethanolamine (TEOA) in the effect on the crosslinking degree of nanogels based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) was investigated and illustrated. The effect of TEOA on the process of photopolymerization at 532 nm and properties of the nanogels was systematically investigated by using UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1 H NMR, DLS, SEM, AFM and DSC. In brief, the double bond conversion of photopolymerization and the crosslinking degree of nanogels can be effectively regulated by TEOA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jhair Peña
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhiming Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jinfeng Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tenje M, Cantoni F, Porras Hernández AM, Searle SS, Johansson S, Barbe L, Antfolk M, Pohlit H. A practical guide to microfabrication and patterning of hydrogels for biomimetic cell culture scaffolds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ooc.2020.100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
11
|
Chen L, Kenkel SM, Hsieh PH, Gryka MC, Bhargava R. Freeform Three-Dimensionally Printed Microchannels via Surface-Initiated Photopolymerization Combined with Sacrificial Molding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50105-50112. [PMID: 33091299 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Precise freeform microchannels within an aqueous environment have several biomedical applications but remain a challenge to fabricate. Carbohydrate glass materials have shown potential for three-dimensionally (3D) printing precise, microscale structures and are suitable as a sacrificial material to reconstruct complex channel architectures, but due to the rapid dissolution kinetics in hydrogels and the aqueous environment, protective coatings are required. Here, conformal coatings were applied to carbohydrate structures via surface-initiated photopolymerization (SIP) by incorporating a photoinitiator (PI) into freeform 3D printed isomalt structures using a custom 3D printer. Structures were then immersed into a photocurable prepolymer bath and exposed to light for reaction initiation. To achieve uniform distribution of photoinitiator molecules in 3D printed constructs, miscibility between commercial photoinitiators and isomalt was modeled using the group contribution method. A dye-based, type-two photoinitiator, Eosin Y disodium salt (EY), was selected for its miscibility with isomalt and stability under high temperature. A previously described Eosin Y (EY)/triethanolamine (TEA) radical polymerization system was used to polymerize poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), surface morphology, and swelling ratio characterizations via SIP were performed. Coatings around freeform structures and solid surfaces were presented to demonstrate the capability of coating complex architectures. This coating method should facilitate the application of 3D sacrificial molding in a variety of hydrogels toward building biomimetic vascular constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Seth M Kenkel
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Pei-Hsuan Hsieh
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mark C Gryka
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Departments of Chemistry, Mechanical Science and Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao C, Zhou L, Chiao M, Yang W. Antibacterial hydrogel coating: Strategies in surface chemistry. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 285:102280. [PMID: 33010575 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have emerged as promising antimicrobial materials due to their unique three-dimensional structure, which provides sufficient capacity to accommodate various materials, including small molecules, polymers and particles. Coating substrates with antibacterial hydrogel layers has been recognized as an effective strategy to combat bacterial colonization. To prevent possible delamination of hydrogel coatings from substrates, it is crucial to attach hydrogel layers via stronger links, such as covalent bonds. To date, various surface chemical strategies have been developed to introduce hydrogel coatings on different substrates. In this review, we first give a brief introduction of the major strategies for designing antibacterial coatings. Then, we summarize the chemical methods used to fix the antibacterial hydrogel layer on the substrate, which include surface-initiated graft crosslinking polymerization, anchoring the hydrogel layer on the surface during crosslinking, and chemical crosslinking of layer-by-layer coating. The reaction mechanisms of each method and matched pretreatment strategies are systemically documented with the aim of introducing available protocols to researchers in related fields for designing hydrogel-coated antibacterial surfaces.
Collapse
|
13
|
Visible Light-Curable Hydrogel Systems for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1249:85-93. [PMID: 32602092 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3258-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Visible light-curable hydrogels have been investigated as tissue engineering scaffolds and drug delivery carriers due to their physicochemical and biological properties such as porosity, reservoirs for drugs/growth factors, and similarity to living tissue. The physical properties of hydrogels used in biomedical applications can be controlled by polymer concentration, cross-linking density, and light irradiation time. The aim of this review chapter is to outline the results of previous research on visible light-curable hydrogel systems. In the first section, we will introduce photo-initiators and mechanisms for visible light curing. In the next section, hydrogel applications as drug delivery carriers will be emphasized. Finally, cellular interactions and applications in tissue engineering will be discussed.
Collapse
|
14
|
Scheutz GM, Rowell JL, Ellison ST, Garrison JB, Angelini TE, Sumerlin BS. Harnessing Strained Disulfides for Photocurable Adaptable Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georg M. Scheutz
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Rowell
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | | | - John B. Garrison
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | | | - Brent S. Sumerlin
- George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tomal W, Ortyl J. Water-Soluble Photoinitiators in Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1073. [PMID: 32392892 PMCID: PMC7285382 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-initiated polymerization processes are currently an important tool in various industrial fields. The advancement of technology has resulted in the use of photopolymerization in various biomedical applications, such as the production of 3D hydrogel structures, the encapsulation of cells, and in drug delivery systems. The use of photopolymerization processes requires an appropriate initiating system that, in biomedical applications, must meet additional criteria such as high water solubility, non-toxicity to cells, and compatibility with visible low-power light sources. This article is a literature review on those compounds that act as photoinitiators of photopolymerization processes in biomedical applications. The division of initiators according to the method of photoinitiation was described and the related mechanisms were discussed. Examples from each group of photoinitiators are presented, and their benefits, limitations, and applications are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Tomal
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Krakow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Joanna Ortyl
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Krakow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland;
- Photo HiTech Ltd., Bobrzyńskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Multifunctional alginate-based hydrogel with reversible crosslinking for controlled therapeutics delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:315-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
17
|
Birgul Akolpoglu M, Inceoglu Y, Kizilel S. An all-aqueous approach for physical immobilization of PEG-lipid microgels on organoid surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 186:110708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
18
|
Seidi F, Zhao W, Xiao H, Jin Y, Saeb MR, Zhao C. Radical polymerization as a versatile tool for surface grafting of thin hydrogel films. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00787k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The surface of solid substrates is the main part that interacts with the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Seidi
- Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Sci and Tech
- and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
- China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of New Brunswick
- Fredericton
- E3B 5A3 Canada
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Sci and Tech
- and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
- China
| | - Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Resin and Additives
- Institute for Color Science and Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang Z, Corrigan N, Bagheri A, Jin J, Boyer C. A Versatile 3D and 4D Printing System through Photocontrolled RAFT Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Ali Bagheri
- School of Chemical SciencesThe University of Auckland, and Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Jianyong Jin
- School of Chemical SciencesThe University of Auckland, and Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies Auckland 1010 New Zealand
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Z, Corrigan N, Bagheri A, Jin J, Boyer C. A Versatile 3D and 4D Printing System through Photocontrolled RAFT Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17954-17963. [PMID: 31642580 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a valuable tool for synthesizing macromolecules with controlled topologies and diverse chemical functionalities. However, the application of RAFT polymerization to additive-manufacturing processes has been prevented due to the slow polymerization rates of typical systems. In this work, we developed and optimized a rapid visible (green) light mediated RAFT polymerization process and applied it to an open-air 3D printing system. The reaction components are non-toxic, metal free and environmentally friendly, which tailors these systems toward biomaterial fabrication. The inclusion of RAFT agent in the photosensitive resin provided control over the mechanical properties of 3D printed materials and allowed these materials to be post-functionalized after 3D printing. Additionally, photoinduced spatiotemporal control of the network structure provided a one-pass approach to 4D printed materials. This RAFT-mediated 3D and 4D printing process should provide access to a range of new functional and stimuli-responsive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ali Bagheri
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, and Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jianyong Jin
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, and Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nomeir B, Fabre O, Ferji K. Effect of Tertiary Amines on the Photoinduced Electron Transfer-Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer (PET-RAFT) Polymerization. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Nomeir
- Université de Lorraine, LCPM, UMR-CNRS 7375, 1 rue Grandville, BP20451, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Fabre
- Université de Lorraine, LCPM, UMR-CNRS 7375, 1 rue Grandville, BP20451, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Khalid Ferji
- Université de Lorraine, LCPM, UMR-CNRS 7375, 1 rue Grandville, BP20451, 54000 Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Aguirre-Soto A, Kim S, Kaastrup K, Sikes HD. On the role of N-vinylpyrrolidone in the aqueous radical-initiated copolymerization with PEGDA mediated by eosin Y in the presence of O2. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01459k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A ground-state complex between eosin and N-vinylpyrrolidone impacts the photo-initiated synthesis of PEG hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Aguirre-Soto
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Seunghyeon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Kaja Kaastrup
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Hadley D. Sikes
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
- Program in Polymers and Soft Matter
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bioactive Poly(ethylene Glycol) Acrylate Hydrogels for Regenerative Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
24
|
Pérez-Luna VH, González-Reynoso O. Encapsulation of Biological Agents in Hydrogels for Therapeutic Applications. Gels 2018; 4:E61. [PMID: 30674837 PMCID: PMC6209244 DOI: 10.3390/gels4030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are materials specially suited for encapsulation of biological elements. Their large water content provides an environment compatible with most biological molecules. Their crosslinked nature also provides an ideal material for the protection of encapsulated biological elements against degradation and/or immune recognition. This makes them attractive not only for controlled drug delivery of proteins, but they can also be used to encapsulate cells that can have therapeutic applications. Thus, hydrogels can be used to create systems that will deliver required therapies in a controlled manner by either encapsulation of proteins or even cells that produce molecules that will be released from these systems. Here, an overview of hydrogel encapsulation strategies of biological elements ranging from molecules to cells is discussed, with special emphasis on therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor H Pérez-Luna
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 West 33rd Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.
| | - Orfil González-Reynoso
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Gral. Marcelino García Barragán # 1451, Guadalajara, Jalisco C.P. 44430, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lilly JL, Gottipati A, Cahall CF, Agoub M, Berron BJ. Comparison of eosin and fluorescein conjugates for the photoinitiation of cell-compatible polymer coatings. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190880. [PMID: 29309430 PMCID: PMC5757926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted photopolymerization is the basis for multiple diagnostic and cell encapsulation technologies. While eosin is used in conjunction with tertiary amines as a water-soluble photoinitiation system, eosin is not widely sold as a conjugate with antibodies and other targeting biomolecules. Here we evaluate the utility of fluorescein-labeled bioconjugates to photopolymerize targeted coatings on live cells. We show that although fluorescein conjugates absorb approximately 50% less light energy than eosin in matched photopolymerization experiments using a 530 nm LED lamp, appreciable polymer thicknesses can still be formed in cell compatible environments with fluorescein photosensitization. At low photoinitiator density, eosin allows more sensitive initiation of gelation. However at higher functionalization densities, the thickness of fluorescein polymer films begins to rival that of eosin. Commercial fluorescein-conjugated antibodies are also capable of generating conformal, protective coatings on mammalian cells with similar viability and encapsulation efficiency as eosin systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L. Lilly
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Anuhya Gottipati
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Calvin F. Cahall
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Mohamed Agoub
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Brad J. Berron
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wu H, Cao Y, Su H, Wang C. Tough Gel Electrolyte Using Double Polymer Network Design for the Safe, Stable Cycling of Lithium Metal Anode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
- Department of Chemistry; University of California Riverside; 900 University Ave. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Chemistry; University of California Riverside; 900 University Ave. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Haiping Su
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; University of California Riverside; 900 University Ave. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
- Department of Chemistry; University of California Riverside; 900 University Ave. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu H, Cao Y, Su H, Wang C. Tough Gel Electrolyte Using Double Polymer Network Design for the Safe, Stable Cycling of Lithium Metal Anode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1361-1365. [PMID: 29247583 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The growth of lithium dendrites and low coulombic efficiency restrict the development of Li metal anodes. Polymer electrolytes are expected to be promising candidates to solve the issue, but ways to obtain a polymer electrolyte that integrates high ionic conductivity and high mechanical toughness is still challenging. By introducing a double polymer network into the electrolyte design to reshape it, a tough polymer electrolyte was developed with high conductivity, and stable operation of lithium metal anodes was further realized. The double network (DNW) gel electrolyte has high modulus of 44.3 MPa and high fracture energy of 69.5 kJ m-2 . The conductivity of DNW gel is 0.81 mS cm-1 at 30 °C. By using this gel electrolyte design, the lithium metal electrode could be cycled more than 400 times with a coulombic efficiency (CE) as high as 96.3 % with carbonate-based electrolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Haiping Su
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Phommalysack-Lovan J, Chu Y, Boyer C, Xu J. PET-RAFT polymerisation: towards green and precision polymer manufacturing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6591-6606. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02783h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced electron/energy transfer-reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) process has opened up a new way of precision polymer manufacturing to satisfy the concept of green chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Phommalysack-Lovan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| | - Yingying Chu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Sydney
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Aydin D, Kizilel S. P2X7 receptor antagonist delivery vehicle based on photocrosslinked amphiphilic hybrid gels. RSC Adv 2018; 8:18216-18226. [PMID: 35541129 PMCID: PMC9080578 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01460d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here a method for the synthesis of a unique hybrid gel system for the sustained delivery of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) antagonist. P2X7R has been reported as a key mediator in inflammatory processes and controlled delivery of this molecule would be critical for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. The hybrid gel designed here for the sustained delivery of P2X7R antagonists is based on crosslinked hydrophobic styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer as a continuous network, where hydrogel particles prepared with hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were embedded into this system. PEG hydrogel particle-incorporated SBS gels were characterized through electron microscopy, water contact angle observations, and strong mechanical properties were confirmed through nanoindentation measurements. The release of P2X7R antagonist from these hybrid hydrogel-elastomer system demonstrated a sustained drug release profile up to 28 days at physiological pH, which was not observed in earlier reports. We obtained drug release percentages ranging from 49.72% to 93.04% which indicated the tunability of release through SBS crosslinking and hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of SBS. This tunability is significant to achieve simultaneous improvements in drug efficacy with reduced side effects. CellTiter-Glo luminescence measurements using human kidney cells revealed that these networks are non-toxic and highly biocompatible with percent cell viabilities of higher than 85%. The approach presented here with crosslinked, amphiphilic and elastic SBS gel systems is not only promising for extended release of P2X7R antagonist but could also allow for incorporation of different molecules so that simultaneous/sequential and extended release profiles for therapeutic molecules could be achieved. We report here a method for the synthesis of a unique hybrid gel system for the sustained delivery of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) antagonist.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Derya Aydin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Koc University
- Sariyer
- Turkey
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Koc University
- Sariyer
- Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dias AD, Elicson JM, Murphy WL. Microcarriers with Synthetic Hydrogel Surfaces for Stem Cell Expansion. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6:10.1002/adhm.201700072. [PMID: 28509413 PMCID: PMC5607626 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microcarriers are scalable support surfaces for cell growth that enable high levels of expansion, and are particularly relevant for expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The goal of this study is to develop a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based microcarrier coating for hMSC expansion. Commercially available microcarriers do not offer customizability of microcarrier surface properties, including elastic modulus and surface cell adhesion ligands. The lab has previously demonstrated that tuning these material properties on PEG-based hydrogels can modulate important cellular growth characteristics, such as cell attachment and expansion, which are important in microcarrier-based culture. Eosin-Y is adsorbed to polystyrene microcarriers and used as a photoinitiator for thiol-ene polymerization under visible light. Resultant PEG coatings are over 100 µm thick and localized to microcarrier surfaces. This thickness is relevant for cells to react to mechanical properties of the hydrogel coating, and coated microcarriers support hMSC attachment and expansion. hMSC expansion is highly favorable on coated microcarriers in serum-free media, with doubling times under 25 h in the growth phase, and retained osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity after culture on microcarriers. These microcarriers with defined, synthetic coatings enable tailorable surfaces for cell expansion that may be suitable for a variety of biomanufacturing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Dias
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Jonathan M Elicson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., WIMR 5418, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu PJ, Lilly JL, Arreaza R, Berron BJ. Hydrogel Patches on Live Cells through Surface-Mediated Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:6778-6784. [PMID: 28605895 PMCID: PMC5541780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Many naturally occurring cells possess an intrinsic ability to cross biological barriers that block conventional drug delivery, and these cells offer a possible mode of active transport across the blood-brain barrier or into the core of tumor masses. While many technologies for the formation of complete, nanoparticle-loaded coatings on cells exist, a complete coating on the cell surface would disrupt the interaction of cells with their environments. To address this issue, cell surface patches that partially cover cell surfaces might provide a superior approach for cell-mediated therapeutic delivery. The goal of this study is to establish a simplified approach to producing polymeric patches of arbitrary shapes on a live cell via surface-mediated photopolymerization. Cell surfaces were nonspecifically labeled with eosin, and polyethylene (glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) coatings were directed to specific sites using 530 nm irradiation through a chrome-coated photomask. These coatings may entrap drug-loaded or imaging particles. The extent of nonspecific formation of PEGDA hydrogel coatings increased with irradiation time, light intensity, and initiating species; 40 mW/cm2 irradiation for 5 min delivered high-resolution patterns on the surface of A549 cells, and these cells remained viable for 48 h postpatterning with fluorescent nanoparticle-loaded coatings. This work first demonstrated the feasibility of photopatterning polymer patches directly on the surface of cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jung Wu
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky , 153 FPAT, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Jacob L Lilly
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky , 153 FPAT, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Roberto Arreaza
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky , 153 FPAT, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| | - Brad J Berron
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky , 153 FPAT, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cinay GE, Erkoc P, Alipour M, Hashimoto Y, Sasaki Y, Akiyoshi K, Kizilel S. Nanogel-Integrated pH-Responsive Composite Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:370-380. [PMID: 33465934 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel pH-sensitive hydrogel system consisting of poly(methacrylic acid-g-ethylene glycol) (P(MAA-g-EG)) and acryloyl group modified-cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHPOA) nanogels was developed for the controlled delivery of an anticonvulsant drug, pregabalin (PGB). Here, the hydrophilic hydrogel network provides the pH-sensitive swelling behavior, whereas nanogel components form separate reservoirs for the delivery of drugs with different hydrophobicities. These nanocarrier-integrated hybrid gels were synthesized through both surface-initiated and bulk photopolymerization approaches. The swelling and drug release behavior of these pH-responsive hydrogels synthesized by different photopolymerization approaches at visible and UV light wavelenghts were studied at acidic and basic pH values. Nanogel-integrated hydrogels exhibited higher swelling behavior compared to plain hydrogels in reversible swelling experiments. Similarly, the presence of nanogels in hydrogel network enhanced the loading and release percentages of PGB and the release was analyzed to describe the mode of transport through the network. In vitro cytotoxicity assay suggests that hydrogels in altered groups are nontoxic. This is the first report about the visible light-induced synthesis of a pH-responsive network incorporated CHPOA nanogels. Responsive and multifunctional properties of this system could be used for pH-triggered release of therapeutic molecules for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yoshihide Hashimoto
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shih H, Greene T, Korc M, Lin CC. Modular and Adaptable Tumor Niche Prepared from Visible Light Initiated Thiol-Norbornene Photopolymerization. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3872-3882. [PMID: 27936722 PMCID: PMC5436726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photopolymerized biomimetic hydrogels with adaptable properties have been widely used for cell and tissue engineering applications. As a widely adopted gel cross-linking method, photopolymerization provides experimenters on-demand and spatial-temporal controls in gelation kinetics. Long wavelength ultraviolet (UV) light initiated photopolymerization is among the most popular methods in the fabrication of cell-laden hydrogels owing to its rapid and relatively mild gelation conditions. The use of UV light, however, still causes concerns regarding its potential negative impacts on cells. Alternatively, visible light based photopolymerization can be used to cross-link cell-laden hydrogels. The majority of visible light based gelation schemes involve photoinitiator, co-initiator, and comonomer. This multicomponent initiation system creates added challenges for optimizing hydrogel formulations. Here, we report a co-initiator/comonomer-free visible light initiated thiol-norbornene photopolymerization scheme to prepare modular biomimetic hydrogels suitable for in situ cell encapsulation. Eosin-Y was used as the sole initiator to initiate modular gelation between synthetic macromers (e.g., thiolated poly(vinyl alcohol) or poly(ethylene glycol)) and functionalized extracellular matrices (ECMs) including norbornene-functionalized gelatin (GelNB) or thiolated hyaluronic acid (THA). These components are modularly cross-linked to afford bioinert (i.e., purely synthetic), bioactive (i.e., using gelatin), and biomimetic (i.e., using gelatin and hyaluronic acid) hydrogels. The stiffness of the hydrogels can be easily tuned without affecting the contents of the bioactive components. Furthermore, the use of naturally derived biomacromolecules (e.g., gelatin and HA) renders these hydrogels susceptible to enzyme-mediated degradation. In addition to demonstrating efficient and tunable visible light mediated gelation, we also utilized this biomimetic modular gelation system to formulate artificial tumor niche and to study the effects of cell density and gel modulus on the formation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) spheroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Shih
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tanja Greene
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Murray Korc
- Department of Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Staneva D, Vasileva-Tonkova E, Grabchev I. Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of composite material: Cotton fabric/hydrogel/silver nanoparticles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2016.1249220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Desislava Staneva
- Department of Textiles and Leather, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Ivo Grabchev
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao C, He B, Wang G, Ma Y, Yang W. Hierarchical PEG-Based 3D Patterns Grafting from Polymer Substrate by Surface Initiated Visible Light Photolithography. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1611-1617. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers; Ministry of Education; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chung S, Lee H, Kim HS, Kim MG, Lee LP, Lee JY. Transdermal thiol-acrylate polyethylene glycol hydrogel synthesis using near infrared light. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:14213-14221. [PMID: 27389611 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01956k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Light-induced polymerization has been widely applied for hydrogel synthesis, which conventionally involves the use of ultraviolet or visible light to activate a photoinitiator for polymerization. However, with these light sources, transdermal gelation is not efficient and feasible due to their substantial interactions with biological systems, and thus a high power is required. In this study, we used biocompatible and tissue-penetrating near infrared (NIR) light to remotely trigger a thiol-acrylate reaction for efficient in vivo gelation with good controllability. Our gelation system includes gold nanorods as a photothermal agent, a thermal initiator, diacrylate polyethylene glycol (PEG), and thiolated PEG. Irradiation with a low-power NIR laser (0.3 W cm(-2)) could induce gelation via a mixed-mode reaction with a small increase in temperature (∼5 °C) under the optimized conditions. We also achieved successful transdermal gelation via the NIR-assisted photothermal thiol-acryl reactions. This new type of NIR-assisted thiol-acrylate polymerization provides new opportunities for in situ hydrogel formation for injectable hydrogels and delivery of drugs/cells for various biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solchan Chung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lilly JL, Berron BJ. The Role of Surface Receptor Density in Surface-Initiated Polymerizations for Cancer Cell Isolation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5681-9. [PMID: 27206735 PMCID: PMC5047530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Fluid biopsies potentially offer a minimally invasive alternative to traditional tissue biopsies for the continual monitoring of metastatic cancer. Current established technologies for isolating circulating tumor cells (CTCs) suffer from poor purity and yield and require fixatives that preclude the collection of viable cells for longitudinal analyses of biological function. Antigen specific lysis (ASL) is a rapid, high-purity method of cell isolation based on targeted protective coatings on antigen-presenting cells and lysis depletion of unprotected antigen-negative cells. In ASL, photoinitiators are specifically labeled on cell surfaces that enable subsequent surface-initiated polymerization. Critically, the significant determinants of process yield have yet to be investigated for this emerging technology. In this work, we show that the labeling density of photoinitiators is strongly correlated with the yield of intact cells during ASL by flow cytometry analysis. Results suggest ASL is capable of delivering ∼25% of targeted cells after isolation using traditional antibody labeling approaches. Monomer formulations of two molecular weights of PEG-diacrylate (Mn ∼ 575 and 3500) are examined. The gelation response during ASL polymerization is also investigated via protein microarray analogues on planar glass. Finally, a density threshold of photoinitiator labeling required for protection during lysis is determined for both monomer formulations. These results indicate ASL is a promising technology for high yield CTC isolation for rare-cell function assays and fluid biopsies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Lilly
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Brad J Berron
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wong J, Sikes HD. The Impact of Continuous Oxygen Flux in a Thin Film Photopolymerization Reaction with Peroxy-Mediated Regeneration of Initiator. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201500098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jisam Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Program in Polymers and Soft Matter; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Hadley D. Sikes
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Program in Polymers and Soft Matter; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen M, Zhong M, Johnson JA. Light-Controlled Radical Polymerization: Mechanisms, Methods, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:10167-211. [PMID: 26978484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 688] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The use of light to mediate controlled radical polymerization has emerged as a powerful strategy for rational polymer synthesis and advanced materials fabrication. This review provides a comprehensive survey of photocontrolled, living radical polymerizations (photo-CRPs). From the perspective of mechanism, all known photo-CRPs are divided into either (1) intramolecular photochemical processes or (2) photoredox processes. Within these mechanistic regimes, a large number of methods are summarized and further classified into subcategories based on the specific reagents, catalysts, etc., involved. To provide a clear understanding of each subcategory, reaction mechanisms are discussed. In addition, applications of photo-CRP reported so far, which include surface fabrication, particle preparation, photoresponsive gel design, and continuous flow technology, are summarized. We hope this review will not only provide informative knowledge to researchers in this field but also stimulate new ideas and applications to further advance photocontrolled reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kaastrup K, Sikes HD. Using photo-initiated polymerization reactions to detect molecular recognition. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:532-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00205b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Radical polymerization reactions initiated by light can be used to provide signal amplification in molecular binding assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - H. D. Sikes
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- USA
- Program in Polymers and Soft Matter
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gidon D, Aydin D, Kizilel S. Photocrosslinking of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) networks formed by thiol-ene reactions and their influence on cell survival. Biomed Mater 2015; 10:065001. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/6/065001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
42
|
Wong J, Kaastrup K, Aguirre-Soto A, Sikes HD. A quantitative analysis of peroxy-mediated cyclic regeneration of eosin under oxygen-rich photopolymerization conditions. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
43
|
Staneva D, Grabchev I, Bosch P. Fluorescent Hydrogel–Textile Composite Material Synthesized by Photopolymerization. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2015.1030654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
44
|
Xu L, Sheybani N, Yeudall WA, Yang H. The effect of photoinitiators on intracellular AKT signaling pathway in tissue engineering application. Biomater Sci 2015; 3:250-5. [PMID: 25709809 PMCID: PMC4335638 DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00245h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Free-radical photopolymerization initiated by photoinitiators is an important method to make tissue engineering scaffolds. To advance understanding of photoinitiator cytocompatibility, we examined three photoinitiators including 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA), Irgacure 2959 (I-2959), and eosin Y photoinitiating system (EY) in terms of their effects on viability of HN4 cells and expression levels of intracellular AKT and its phosphorylated form p-AKT. Our results show that the photoinitiators and their UV-exposed counterparts affect intracellular AKT signaling, which can be used in conjunction with cell viability for cytocompatibility assessment of photoinitiators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyuan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - Natasha Sheybani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - W. Andrew Yeudall
- Philips Institute of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
- Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
- Massey Cancer Center; Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lilly JL, Romero G, Xu W, Shin HY, Berron BJ. Characterization of molecular transport in ultrathin hydrogel coatings for cellular immunoprotection. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:541-9. [PMID: 25592156 DOI: 10.1021/bm501594x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PEG hydrogels are routinely used in immunoprotection applications to hide foreign cells from a host immune system. Size-dependent transport is typically exploited in these systems to prevent access by macromolecular elements of the immune system while allowing the transport of low molecular weight nutrients. This work studies a nanoscale hydrogel coating for improved transport of beneficial low molecular weight materials across thicker hydrogel coatings while completely blocking transport of undesired larger molecular weight materials. Coatings composed of PEG diacrylate of molecular weight 575 and 3500 Da were studied by tracking the transport of fluorescently labeled dextrans across the coatings. The molecular weight of dextran at which the transport is blocked by these coatings are consistent with cutoff values in analogous bulk PEG materials. Additionally, the diffusion constants of 4 kDa dextrans across PEG 575 coatings (9.5 × 10(-10)-2.0 × 10(-9) cm(2)/s) was lower than across PEG 3500 coatings (5.9-9.8 × 10(-9) cm(2)/s), and these trends and magnitudes agree with bulk scale models. Overall, these nanoscale thin PEG diacrylate films offer the same size selective transport behavior of bulk PEG diacrylate materials, while the lower thickness translates directly to increased flux of beneficial low molecular weight materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Lilly
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering and ∥Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cevik O, Gidon D, Kizilel S. Visible-light-induced synthesis of pH-responsive composite hydrogels for controlled delivery of the anticonvulsant drug pregabalin. Acta Biomater 2015; 11:151-61. [PMID: 25242648 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report here a novel method for the synthesis of a pH-responsive composite using visible light. Formation of the pH-responsive layer is based on poly(methacrylic acid-g-ethylene glycol) as the macromer, eosin Y as the photoinitiator and triethanolamine as the co-initiator. The hydrogel was functionalized with hydrophobic domains through incorporation of crosslinked styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) copolymer into the pH-responsive prepolymer. Swelling ratios were decreased with the addition of SBS, and resulted in high hydrogel crosslink density. The composite allowed for controlled release of an anticonvulsant model drug, pregabalin, under neutral pH condition and the release was analyzed to describe the mode of transport through the network. In vitro human fibroblast survival assay and in vivo rabbit implantation experiments demonstrated that this hybrid network is not toxic and has desirable biocompatibility properties. This is the first report about the synthesis of a pH-responsive network incorporating crosslinked SBS synthesized under visible light. The approach for multifunctional membranes could allow the incorporation of molecules with specific functionalities so that sequential molecule delivery in response to specific stimuli could be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Cevik
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dogan Gidon
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koc University, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu J, Shanmugam S, Duong HT, Boyer C. Organo-photocatalysts for photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate the use of organophotoredox catalysts under visible light to perform photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) for the polymerization of methacrylate monomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Hien T. Duong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- UNSW Australia
- Sydney
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Xu L, Sheybani N, Ren S, Bowlin GL, Yeudall WA, Yang H. Semi-interpenetrating network (sIPN) co-electrospun gelatin/insulin fiber formulation for transbuccal insulin delivery. Pharm Res 2014; 32:275-85. [PMID: 25030186 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This work was aimed at developing a semi-interpenetrating network (sIPN) co-electrospun gelatin/insulin fiber scaffold (GIF) formulation for transbuccal insulin delivery. METHODS Gelatin was electrospun into fibers and converted into an sIPN following eosin Y-initiated polymerization of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA). The cytocompatibility, degradation rate and mechanical properties were examined in the resulting sIPNs with various ratios of PEG-DA to eosin Y to find a suitable formulation for transbuccal drug delivery. Insulin was co-electrospun with gelatin into fibers and converted into an sIPN-GIF using this suitable formulation. The in vitro release kinetics of insulin was evaluated using ELISA. The bioactivity of released insulin was analyzed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes using Western blotting and Oil Red O staining. The transbuccal permeability of released insulin was determined using an in vitro porcine oral mucosa model. RESULTS The sIPN-GF formulation of GF cross-linked by PEG-DA (1% w/v) with eosin Y (5% v/v) possessed no cytotoxic effect, a moderate degradation rate with degradation half-life of 49 min, and a significant enhancement in mechanical properties. This formulation was used to fabricate sIPN-GIF. Insulin release was extended up to 4 h by sIPN-GIF. The released insulin successfully triggered intracellular AKT phosphorylation and induced adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The transbuccal permeability of released insulin was determined on the order of 10(-7) cm/s. CONCLUSIONS Insulin can be fabricated into an sIPN-GIF formulation following co-electrospinning and cross-linking without losing bioactivity. It proved the potential of this new formulation for transbuccal insulin delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyuan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, P.O. Box 843067, Richmond, Virginia, 23284, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhao C, Lin Z, Yin H, Ma Y, Xu F, Yang W. PEG molecular net-cloth grafted on polymeric substrates and its bio-merits. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4982. [PMID: 24845078 PMCID: PMC4028697 DOI: 10.1038/srep04982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer brushes and hydrogels are sensitive to the environment, which can cause uncontrolled variations on their performance. Herein, for the first time, we report a non-swelling "PEG molecular net-cloth" on a solid surface, fabricated using a novel "visible light induced surface controlled graft cross-linking polymerization" (VSCGCP) technique. Via this method, we show that 1) the 3D-network structure of the net-cloth can be precisely modulated and its thickness controlled; 2) the PEG net-cloth has excellent resistance to non-specific protein adsorption and cell adhesion; 3) the mild polymerization conditions (i.e. visible light and room temperature) provided an ideal tool for in situ encapsulation of delicate biomolecules such as enzymes; 4) the successive grafting of reactive three-dimensional patterns on the PEG net-cloth enables the creation of protein microarrays with high signal to noise ratio. Importantly, this strategy is applicable to any C-H containing surface, and can be easily tailored for a broad range of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhifeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
| | - Huabing Yin
- College of Science and Engineering, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
| | - Fujian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029 China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hao Y, Shih H, Muňoz Z, Kemp A, Lin CC. Visible light cured thiol-vinyl hydrogels with tunable degradation for 3D cell culture. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:104-14. [PMID: 24021231 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report here a synthetically simple yet highly tunable and diverse visible light mediated thiol-vinyl gelation system for fabricating cell-instructive hydrogels. Gelation was achieved via a mixed-mode step-and-chain-growth photopolymerization using functionalized 4-arm poly(ethylene glycol) as backbone macromer, eosin-Y as photosensitizer, and di-thiol containing molecule as dual purpose co-initiator/cross-linker. N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) was used to accelerate gelation kinetics and to adjust the stiffness of the hydrogels. Visible light (wavelength: 400-700 nm) was used to initiate rapid gelation (gel points: ~20s) that reached completion within a few minutes. The major differences between current thiol-vinyl gelation and prior visible light mediated photopolymerization are that: (1) the co-initiator triethanolamine (TEA) used in the previous systems was replaced with multifunctional thiols and (2) mixed-mode polymerized gels contain less network heterogeneity. The gelation kinetics and gel properties at the same PEG macromer concentration could be tuned by changing the identity of vinyl groups and di-thiol cross-linkers, as well as concentration of cross-linker and NVP. Specifically, acrylate-modified PEG afforded the fastest gelation rate, followed by acrylamide and methacrylate-functionalized PEG. Increasing NVP concentration also accelerated gelation and led to a higher network cross-linking density. Further, increasing di-thiol peptide concentration in the gel formulation increased hydrogel swelling and decreased gel stiffness. Due to the formation of thiol-ether-ester bonds following thiol-acrylate reaction, the gels degraded hydrolytically following a pseudo first order degradation kinetics. Degradation rate was controlled by adjusting thiol or NVP content in the polymer precursor solution. The cytocompatibility and utility of this hydrogel system were evaluated using in situ encapsulation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Encapsulated hMSCs remained alive (>90%) throughout the duration of the study and the cells were differentiated down osteogenic lineage with varying degrees by controlling the rate and mode of gel degradation.
Collapse
|