1
|
Dahab M, Zhang P, Al-Mijalli SH, Abdallah EM. Unveiling the Anti-Cholera and Active Diabetic Renoprotective Compounds of Maqian Essential Oil: A Computational and Molecular Dynamics Study. Molecules 2023; 28:7954. [PMID: 38138443 PMCID: PMC10746104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28247954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholera is an exceptionally aggressive infectious disease characterized by the potential to induce acute, copious, watery diarrhea of considerable severity and renal inflammation. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that can lead to kidney failure through inflammation; thus, anti-inflammatory agents are promising therapies for diabetic nephropathy. Previous studies have shown that the essential oil of Zanthoxylum myriacanthum var. pubescens Huang, Maqian essential oil (MQEO), exhibits potent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and renoprotective activities in diabetic mice and has emerged as a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy complications. Therefore, the present study was carried out to screen the potential inhibition of cholera toxin and the diabetic renoprotective activity of MQEO through computational approaches. Twelve chemical constituents derived from MQEO were docked with cholera toxin and the target proteins involved in diabetic nephropathy, namely, TXNIP, Nrf2, and DPP IV, and, subsequently, the predictions of molecular dynamic simulations, the drug-likeness properties, and the ADMET properties were performed. α-terpineol showed high binding affinities toward the cholera toxin protein. For TXNIP, among all the chemical constituents, α-phellandrene and p-cymene showed strong binding affinities with the TXNIP protein and displayed relatively stable flexibility at the hinge regions of the protein, favorable physicochemical properties in the absence of hepatotoxicity, and low cytotoxicity. For Nrf2, α-terpineol exhibited the highest binding affinity and formed a very stable complex with Nrf2, which displayed high pharmacokinetic properties. All compounds had low free-binding energies when docked with the DPP IV protein, which suggests potent biological activity. In conclusion, based on a computational approach, our findings reveal that MQEO constituents have inhibitory activity against cholera toxin and are promising therapeutic agents for suppressing diabetic inflammation and for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Dahab
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, International University of Africa, P.O. Box 2469, Khartoum 12223, Sudan
| | - Ping Zhang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China;
| | - Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad M. Abdallah
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, P.O. Box 53, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das T, Mukhopadhyay C. Comparison and Possible Binding Orientations of SARS-CoV-2 Spike N-Terminal Domain for Gangliosides GM3 and GM1. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:6940-6948. [PMID: 37523476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein is anchored by gangliosides. The sialic acid in the ganglioside headgroup is responsible for virus attachment and entry into host cells. We used coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations to expand on our previous study of GM1 interaction with two different orientations of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit N-terminal domain (NTD) and to confirm the role of sialic acid receptors in driving the viral receptor; GM3 was used as another ganglioside on the membrane. Because of the smaller headgroup, sialic acid is crucial in GM3 interactions, whereas GM1 interacts with NTD via both the sialic acid and external galactose. In line with our previous findings for NTD orientations in GM1 binding, we identified two orientations, "compact" and "distributed", comprising sugar receptor-interacting residues in GM3-embedded lipid bilayers. Gangliosides in closer proximity to the compact NTD orientation might cause relatively greater restrictions to penetrate the bilayer. However, the attachment of a distributed NTD orientation with more negative interaction energies appears to facilitate GM1/GM3 to move quickly across the membrane. Our findings likely shed some light on the orientations that the NTD receptor acquires during the early phases of interaction with GM1 and GM3 in a membrane environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Chaitali Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ferreira G, Cardozo R, Sastre S, Costa C, Santander A, Chavarría L, Guizzo V, Puglisi J, Nicolson GL. Bacterial toxins and heart function: heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin B promotes changes in cardiac function with possible relevance for sudden cardiac death. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:447-473. [PMID: 37681088 PMCID: PMC10480140 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial toxins can cause cardiomyopathy, though it is not its most common cause. Some bacterial toxins can form pores in the membrane of cardiomyocytes, while others can bind to membrane receptors. Enterotoxigenic E. coli can secrete enterotoxins, including heat-resistant (ST) or labile (LT) enterotoxins. LT is an AB5-type toxin that can bind to specific cell receptors and disrupt essential host functions, causing several common conditions, such as certain diarrhea. The pentameric B subunit of LT, without A subunit (LTB), binds specifically to certain plasma membrane ganglioside receptors, found in lipid rafts of cardiomyocytes. Isolated guinea pig hearts and cardiomyocytes were exposed to different concentrations of purified LTB. In isolated hearts, mechanical and electrical alternans and an increment of heart rate variability, with an IC50 of ~0.2 μg/ml LTB, were observed. In isolated cardiomyocytes, LTB promoted significant decreases in the amplitude and the duration of action potentials. Na+ currents were inhibited whereas L-type Ca2+ currents were augmented at their peak and their fast inactivation was promoted. Delayed rectifier K+ currents decreased. Measurements of basal Ca2+ or Ca2+ release events in cells exposed to LTB suggest that LTB impairs Ca2+ homeostasis. Impaired calcium homeostasis is linked to sudden cardiac death. The results are consistent with the recent view that the B subunit is not merely a carrier of the A subunit, having a role explaining sudden cardiac death in children (SIDS) infected with enterotoxigenic E. coli, explaining several epidemiological findings that establish a strong relationship between SIDS and ETEC E. coli. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12551-023-01100-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ferreira
- Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Dept. Of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, CP Uruguay
| | - Romina Cardozo
- Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Dept. Of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, CP Uruguay
| | - Santiago Sastre
- Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Dept. Of Biophysics and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CeInBio), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, CP Uruguay
| | - Carlos Costa
- Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Dept. Of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, CP Uruguay
| | - Axel Santander
- Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Dept. Of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, CP Uruguay
| | - Luisina Chavarría
- Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Dept. Of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, CP Uruguay
| | - Valentina Guizzo
- Ion Channels, Biological Membranes and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Dept. Of Biophysics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Gral Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, CP Uruguay
| | - José Puglisi
- College of Medicine, California North State University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757 USA
| | - G. L. Nicolson
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Beach, Huntington, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Das T, Mukhopadhyay C. Identification of possible binding modes of SARS-CoV-2 spike N-terminal domain for ganglioside GM1. Chem Phys Lett 2023; 812:140260. [PMID: 36532818 PMCID: PMC9744490 DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of the lipid bilayer mixture of POPC and cholesterol were carried out in the presence and absence of ganglioside monosialo 1 (GM1) with N - terminal domain (NTD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. The interactions of GM1 with two different NTD orientations were compared. NTD orientation I compactly bind GM1 predominantly through the sialic acid and the external galactose moieties providing more restriction to GM1 mobility whereas orientation II is more distributed on the lipid surface and due to the relaxed mobility of GM1 there, presumably, the NTD receptor penetrates more through the membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Chaitali Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Larsen A, John L, Sansom M, Corey R. Specific interactions of peripheral membrane proteins with lipids: what can molecular simulations show us? Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20211406. [PMID: 35297484 PMCID: PMC9008707 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral membrane proteins (PMPs) can reversibly and specifically bind to biological membranes to carry out functions such as cell signalling, enzymatic activity, or membrane remodelling. Structures of these proteins and of their lipid-binding domains are typically solved in a soluble form, sometimes with a lipid or lipid headgroup at the binding site. To provide a detailed molecular view of PMP interactions with the membrane, computational methods such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can be applied. Here, we outline recent attempts to characterise these binding interactions, focusing on both intracellular proteins, such as phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP)-binding domains, and extracellular proteins such as glycolipid-binding bacterial exotoxins. We compare methods used to identify and analyse lipid-binding sites from simulation data and highlight recent work characterising the energetics of these interactions using free energy calculations. We describe how improvements in methodologies and computing power will help MD simulations to continue to contribute to this field in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura H. John
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | | | - Robin A. Corey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Badshah SL, Naeem A. Computational Simulation of Conjugated Cholera Toxin Protein. MOLECULAR GENETICS, MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0891416821050049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Róg T, Girych M, Bunker A. Mechanistic Understanding from Molecular Dynamics in Pharmaceutical Research 2: Lipid Membrane in Drug Design. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1062. [PMID: 34681286 PMCID: PMC8537670 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation as a drug design tool in the context of the role that the lipid membrane can play in drug action, i.e., the interaction between candidate drug molecules and lipid membranes. In the standard "lock and key" paradigm, only the interaction between the drug and a specific active site of a specific protein is considered; the environment in which the drug acts is, from a biophysical perspective, far more complex than this. The possible mechanisms though which a drug can be designed to tinker with physiological processes are significantly broader than merely fitting to a single active site of a single protein. In this paper, we focus on the role of the lipid membrane, arguably the most important element outside the proteins themselves, as a case study. We discuss work that has been carried out, using MD simulation, concerning the transfection of drugs through membranes that act as biological barriers in the path of the drugs, the behavior of drug molecules within membranes, how their collective behavior can affect the structure and properties of the membrane and, finally, the role lipid membranes, to which the vast majority of drug target proteins are associated, can play in mediating the interaction between drug and target protein. This review paper is the second in a two-part series covering MD simulation as a tool in pharmaceutical research; both are designed as pedagogical review papers aimed at both pharmaceutical scientists interested in exploring how the tool of MD simulation can be applied to their research and computational scientists interested in exploring the possibility of a pharmaceutical context for their research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mykhailo Girych
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Alex Bunker
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kenworthy AK, Schmieder SS, Raghunathan K, Tiwari A, Wang T, Kelly CV, Lencer WI. Cholera Toxin as a Probe for Membrane Biology. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:543. [PMID: 34437414 PMCID: PMC8402489 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13080543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholera toxin B-subunit (CTxB) has emerged as one of the most widely utilized tools in membrane biology and biophysics. CTxB is a homopentameric stable protein that binds tightly to up to five GM1 glycosphingolipids. This provides a robust and tractable model for exploring membrane structure and its dynamics including vesicular trafficking and nanodomain assembly. Here, we review important advances in these fields enabled by use of CTxB and its lipid receptor GM1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Kenworthy
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (A.T.); (T.W.)
| | - Stefanie S. Schmieder
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Krishnan Raghunathan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA;
| | - Ajit Tiwari
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (A.T.); (T.W.)
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA; (A.T.); (T.W.)
| | - Christopher V. Kelly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Wayne I. Lencer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pezeshkian W, Shillcock JC, Ipsen JH. Computational Approaches to Explore Bacterial Toxin Entry into the Host Cell. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13070449. [PMID: 34203472 PMCID: PMC8309782 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria secrete toxic protein complexes that modify and disrupt essential processes in the infected cell that can lead to cell death. To conduct their action, these toxins often need to cross the cell membrane and reach a specific substrate inside the cell. The investigation of these protein complexes is essential not only for understanding their biological functions but also for the rational design of targeted drug delivery vehicles that must navigate across the cell membrane to deliver their therapeutic payload. Despite the immense advances in experimental techniques, the investigations of the toxin entry mechanism have remained challenging. Computer simulations are robust complementary tools that allow for the exploration of biological processes in exceptional detail. In this review, we first highlight the strength of computational methods, with a special focus on all-atom molecular dynamics, coarse-grained, and mesoscopic models, for exploring different stages of the toxin protein entry mechanism. We then summarize recent developments that are significantly advancing our understanding, notably of the glycolipid–lectin (GL-Lect) endocytosis of bacterial Shiga and cholera toxins. The methods discussed here are also applicable to the design of membrane-penetrating nanoparticles and the study of the phenomenon of protein phase separation at the surface of the membrane. Finally, we discuss other likely routes for future development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weria Pezeshkian
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Julian C. Shillcock
- Blue Brain Project, Laboratory of Molecular and Chemical Biology of Neurodegeneration, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - John H. Ipsen
- MEMPHYS/PhyLife, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy (FKF), University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Basu I, Maiti PK. Insight into the Mechanism of Carrier-Mediated Delivery of siRNA in the Cell Membrane Using MD Simulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:266-277. [PMID: 33369423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effective translocation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) across cell membranes has become one of the main challenges in gene silencing therapy. In this study, we have carried out molecular dynamics simulations to investigate a systematic procedure with different carriers that could be convenient for efficient siRNA delivery into the cell. Starting with poly-amido-amine (PAMAM) dendrimers and cholesterol molecules as carriers, we have found cholesterol as the most efficient carrier for siRNA when it is covalently attached with the siRNA terminal group. Our simulations show that binding of this complex in the lipid membrane alters the structure and dynamics of the nearby lipids to initiate the translocation process. Potential of mean force (PMF) was computed for siRNA with the carriers along the bilayer normal to understand the spontaneity of the process. Though all the PMF profiles show repulsive interaction inside the bilayer, the siRNA with cholesterol shows a comparative attractive interaction (∼27 kcal/mol) with respect to the siRNA-PAMAM complex. Altogether, our results demonstrate the binding interaction of the siRNA-carrier complex in the lipid membrane and propose a theoretical model for the efficient carrier by comparative study of the binding. The probable mechanism of the translocation process is also provided by the alteration of the lipid structure and dynamics for specifically siRNA-cholesterol binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Basu
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Prabal K Maiti
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sousa FBM, Nolêto IRSG, Chaves LS, Pacheco G, Oliveira AP, Fonseca MMV, Medeiros JVR. A comprehensive review of therapeutic approaches available for the treatment of cholera. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1715-1731. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The oral rehydration solution is the most efficient method to treat cholera; however, it does not interfere in the action mechanism of the main virulence factor produced by Vibrio cholerae, the cholera toxin (CT), and this disease still stands out as a problem for human health worldwide. This review aimed to describe therapeutic alternatives available in the literature, especially those related to the search for molecules acting upon the physiopathology of cholera.
Key findings
New molecules have offered a protection effect against diarrhoea induced by CT or even by infection from V. cholerae. The receptor regulator cystic fibrosis channel transmembrane (CFTR), monosialoganglioside (GM1), enkephalinase, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibitors of expression of virulence factors and activators of ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase are the main therapeutic targets studied. Many of these molecules or extracts still present unclear action mechanisms.
Conclusions
Knowing therapeutic alternatives and their molecular mechanisms for the treatment of cholera could guide us to develop a new drug that could be used in combination with the rehydration solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca B M Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Isabela R S G Nolêto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Leticia S Chaves
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Ana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Mikhail M V Fonseca
- Institute of Higher Education of Vale do Parnaíba (IESVAP), Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Jand V R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Brazil
- Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Structured clustering of the glycosphingolipid GM1 is required for membrane curvature induced by cholera toxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14978-14986. [PMID: 32554490 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001119117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AB5 bacterial toxins and polyomaviruses induce membrane curvature as a mechanism to facilitate their entry into host cells. How membrane bending is accomplished is not yet fully understood but has been linked to the simultaneous binding of the pentameric B subunit to multiple copies of glycosphingolipid receptors. Here, we probe the toxin membrane binding and internalization mechanisms by using a combination of superresolution and polarized localization microscopy. We show that cholera toxin subunit B (CTxB) can induce membrane curvature only when bound to multiple copies of its glycosphingolipid receptor, GM1, and the ceramide structure of GM1 is likely not a determinant of this activity as assessed in model membranes. A mutant CTxB capable of binding only a single GM1 fails to generate curvature either in model membranes or in cells, and clustering the mutant CTxB-single-GM1 complexes by antibody cross-linking does not rescue the membrane curvature phenotype. We conclude that both the multiplicity and specific geometry of GM1 binding sites are necessary for the induction of membrane curvature. We expect this to be a general rule of membrane behavior for all AB5 toxins and polyomaviruses that bind glycosphingolipids to invade host cells.
Collapse
|
13
|
Berg Klenow M, Camillus Jeppesen J, Simonsen AC. Membrane rolling induced by bacterial toxins. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:1614-1626. [PMID: 31957755 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01913h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Membrane curvature effects are important in numerous cellular processes and many membrane interacting proteins induce spontaneous curvature upon membrane binding. Shiga and cholera toxins both belong to the AB5 family of toxins and consist of a toxic A subunit and a membrane-binding pentameric B subunit. Shiga and cholera toxins induce tubular membrane invaginations in cells and GUVs due to curvature effects and the toxins are known from MD simulations to induce curvature. Membrane invaginations have been linked to uptake of the toxins into cells. As a novel model system to experimentally characterize curvature-inducing proteins, we study the morphology induced in planar membrane patches. It was previously shown that annexins induce distinct morphologies in membrane patches including membrane rolling. In this study we show that the B subunits of Shiga and cholera toxins (STxB, CTxB) both induce roll-up of cell-sized membrane patches. Rolling starts from the free membrane edges of the patch and is completed within a few seconds. We characterize the branched roll morphology and find experimental estimates for the spontaneous curvature of the toxins based on the topography of rolls. The estimates are in agreement with previous MD simulations. We quantify the dynamics of rolling as induced by the toxins and demonstrate agreement with a theoretical model of the rolling dynamics. The model solves the equation of motion for a membrane roll and includes viscous drag and adhesion to the support. The results suggest that membrane rolling may be a general phenomenon displayed by many proteins that induce negative curvature in membranes with free edges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Berg Klenow
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Effect of Transmembrane Electric Field on GM1 Containing DMPC-Cholesterol Monolayer: A Computational Study. J Membr Biol 2019; 253:11-24. [PMID: 31728569 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-019-00101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane electric potentials and membrane curvature have always provided pathways to mediate different cellular processes. We present results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of lipid monolayer composed of 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and cholesterol (CHOL) under a transverse electric field to monitor the effect of electric field on membrane containing ganglioside monosialo 1 (GM1). Four systems were studied with membrane monolayer in the presence and absence of GM1 with and without applying electric field along the normal of the monolayer. The applied transmembrane electric field was 0.4 mV/Å which corresponds to the action potential of animal cell. Our results indicate that the electric field induces a considerable lateral stress on the monolayer in the presence of GM1, which is evident from the lateral pressure profiles. It was found that due to the application of electric field major perturbation was caused to the system containing GM1, manifested by the bending of the monolayer. We believe this study provides correlation between electric field and spontaneous membrane bending, specially based on the membrane composition. The consequences of these MD simulations provide considerable insights to different biological phenomenon and lipid membrane models.
Collapse
|
15
|
Enkavi G, Javanainen M, Kulig W, Róg T, Vattulainen I. Multiscale Simulations of Biological Membranes: The Challenge To Understand Biological Phenomena in a Living Substance. Chem Rev 2019; 119:5607-5774. [PMID: 30859819 PMCID: PMC6727218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes are tricky to investigate. They are complex in terms of molecular composition and structure, functional over a wide range of time scales, and characterized by nonequilibrium conditions. Because of all of these features, simulations are a great technique to study biomembrane behavior. A significant part of the functional processes in biological membranes takes place at the molecular level; thus computer simulations are the method of choice to explore how their properties emerge from specific molecular features and how the interplay among the numerous molecules gives rise to function over spatial and time scales larger than the molecular ones. In this review, we focus on this broad theme. We discuss the current state-of-the-art of biomembrane simulations that, until now, have largely focused on a rather narrow picture of the complexity of the membranes. Given this, we also discuss the challenges that we should unravel in the foreseeable future. Numerous features such as the actin-cytoskeleton network, the glycocalyx network, and nonequilibrium transport under ATP-driven conditions have so far received very little attention; however, the potential of simulations to solve them would be exceptionally high. A major milestone for this research would be that one day we could say that computer simulations genuinely research biological membranes, not just lipid bilayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giray Enkavi
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Javanainen
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy
of Sciences, Flemingovo naḿesti 542/2, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department
of Physics, University of
Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Computational
Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
- MEMPHYS-Center
for Biomembrane Physics
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Muller MP, Jiang T, Sun C, Lihan M, Pant S, Mahinthichaichan P, Trifan A, Tajkhorshid E. Characterization of Lipid-Protein Interactions and Lipid-Mediated Modulation of Membrane Protein Function through Molecular Simulation. Chem Rev 2019; 119:6086-6161. [PMID: 30978005 PMCID: PMC6506392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The cellular membrane constitutes one of the most fundamental compartments of a living cell, where key processes such as selective transport of material and exchange of information between the cell and its environment are mediated by proteins that are closely associated with the membrane. The heterogeneity of lipid composition of biological membranes and the effect of lipid molecules on the structure, dynamics, and function of membrane proteins are now widely recognized. Characterization of these functionally important lipid-protein interactions with experimental techniques is however still prohibitively challenging. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations offer a powerful complementary approach with sufficient temporal and spatial resolutions to gain atomic-level structural information and energetics on lipid-protein interactions. In this review, we aim to provide a broad survey of MD simulations focusing on exploring lipid-protein interactions and characterizing lipid-modulated protein structure and dynamics that have been successful in providing novel insight into the mechanism of membrane protein function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie P. Muller
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- College of Medicine
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Tao Jiang
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chang Sun
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Muyun Lihan
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Shashank Pant
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Paween Mahinthichaichan
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Anda Trifan
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology
- Department of Biochemistry
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology
- College of Medicine
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kociurzynski R, Beck SD, Bouhon JB, Römer W, Knecht V. Binding of SV40's Viral Capsid Protein VP1 to Its Glycosphingolipid Receptor GM1 Induces Negative Membrane Curvature: A Molecular Dynamics Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3534-3544. [PMID: 30802059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The binding of the pentameric capsid protein VP1 of simian virus 40 to its glycosphingolipid receptor GM1 is a key step for the entry of the virus into the host cell. Recent experimental studies have shown that the interaction of variants of soluble VP1 pentamers with giant unilamellar vesicles composed of GM1, DOPC, and cholesterol leads to the formation of tubular membrane invaginations to the inside of the vesicles, mimicking the initial steps of endocytosis. We have used coarse-grained and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the interaction of VP1 with GM1/DOPC/cholesterol bilayers. In the presence of one VP1 protein, we monitor the formation of small local negative curvature and membrane thinning at the protein binding site as well as reduction of area per lipid. These membrane deformations are also observed under cholesterol-free conditions. However, here, the number of GM1 molecules attached to the VP1 binding pockets increases. The membrane curvature is slightly increased for asymmetric GM1 distribution that mimics conditions in vivo, compared to symmetric GM1 distributions which are often applied in experiments. Slightly smaller inward curvature was observed in atomistic control simulations. Binding of four VP1 proteins leads to an increase of the average intrinsic area per lipid in the protein binding leaflet. Membrane fluctuations appear to be the driving force of VP1 aggregation, as was previously shown for membrane-adhering particles because no VP1 aggregation is observed in the absence of a lipid membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Kociurzynski
- Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Schänzlestraße 1 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 , 79110 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Sophie D Beck
- Materials Theory , ETH Zürich , Wolfgang-Pauli-Straße 27 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bouhon
- Institute of Physics , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Hermann-Herder-Straße 3 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Schänzlestraße 1 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
- Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 , 79110 Freiburg , Germany
- Signalling Resaerch Centers BIOSS and CIBSS , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Schänzlestraße 18 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Volker Knecht
- Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 , 79110 Freiburg , Germany
- Institute of Physics , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Hermann-Herder-Straße 3 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
- Signalling Resaerch Centers BIOSS and CIBSS , Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Schänzlestraße 18 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dos Santos Negreiros P, da Costa DS, da Silva VG, de Carvalho Lima IB, Nunes DB, de Melo Sousa FB, de Souza Lopes Araújo T, Medeiros JVR, Dos Santos RF, de Cássia Meneses Oliveira R. Antidiarrheal activity of α-terpineol in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 110:631-640. [PMID: 30540974 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of infant death in the world accounting for high child mortality rate. It is also present in different pathophysiologies related to several etiological agents. The aim of this study is to investigate the antidiarrheal effect of α -Terpineol (α-TPN) in different diarrhea models in rodents. The antidiarrheal effect of α-TPN in the treatment of acute diarrhea and enteropooling induced by castor oil or PGE2 in Swiss mice pretreated orally with saline (NaCl 0.9%), Loperamide (5 mg/kg) and α-TPN (6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) was analyzed. Additionally, parameters of severity, total weight of faeces and post-treatment for 4 h were evaluated. Modulation of the opioid and cholinergic pathways was performed and intestinal transit model using activated charcoal as marker was also used. The effect of α-TPN on secretory diarrhea was investigated using the model of fluid secretion in intestinal loops isolated from cholera toxin-treated mice. α-TPN showed antidiarrheal effect (*p < 0.05), reducing the total stool amount (*55%, *48%, *44%, *24%) and diarrheal (*47%, *66%; *56%, 10%) respectively for the doses tested. All doses investigated in the enteropooling test presented significant changes (*46%, *78%, *66%, *41% respectively) in relation to the control. α-TPN through the muscarinic pathway reduced the gastrointestinal transit (*31%), besides inhibiting PGE2-induced diarrhea (*39%). α-TPN also reduced fluid formation and loss of Cl- ions, by interacting directly with GM1 receptors and cholera toxin, thus increasing the uptake of intestinal fluids. The results suggest an anti-diarrheal activity of α-TPN due to its anticholinergic action, ability to block PGE2 and GM1 receptors and interaction with cholera toxin in secretory diarrhea, making it a promising candidate drug for the treatment of diarrheal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas Soares da Costa
- Medicinal Plants Research Center (NPPM), Federal University of Piauí, 64.049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Valdelânia Gomes da Silva
- Medicinal Plants Research Center (NPPM), Federal University of Piauí, 64.049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Barbosa Nunes
- Medicinal Plants Research Center (NPPM), Federal University of Piauí, 64.049-550, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago de Souza Lopes Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Federal University of Piauí, 64.202-020, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Federal University of Piauí, 64.202-020, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bezerra FF, Lima GC, Sousa NAD, Sousa WMD, Costa LEC, Costa DSD, Barros FCN, Medeiros JVR, Freitas ALP. Antidiarrheal activity of a novel sulfated polysaccharide from the red seaweed Gracilaria cervicornis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:27-35. [PMID: 29803569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The use of marine seaweeds as a source of natural compounds with medicinal purposes is increasing in Western countries in the last decades, becoming an important alternative in the traditional medicine of many developing countries, where diarrhea still remains a severe public health problem, with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Sulfated polysaccharides (PLS) extracted from red seaweeds can exhibit therapeutic effects for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Thus, the pharmacological properties of the PLS from Gracilaria cervicornis, an endemic seaweed found in the Brazilian northeast coast, was evaluated as an alternative natural medication for diarrhea. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of sulfated polysaccharides (PLS) extracted from the red seaweed G. cervicornis in Swiss mice pre-treated with castor oil or cholera toxin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The seaweed Gracilaria cervicornis was collected at Flecheiras beach (city of Trairí, State of Ceará, Brazil) and the PLS was obtained through enzymatic extraction and administered in mice (25-30 g) before diarrhea induction with castor oil or cholera toxin. For the evaluation of the total number of fecal output and diarrheal feces, the animals were placed in cages lined with adsorbent material. The evaluation of intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) on castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice occurred by dissecting the small intestine and measuring its volume. The determination of Na+/K+-ATPase activity was measured in the small intestine supernatants by colorimetry, using commercial biochemistry kits. The gastrointestinal motility was evaluated utilizing an activated charcoal as a food tracer. The intestinal fluid secretion and chloride ion concentration were evaluated in intestinal closed loops in mice with cholera toxin-induced secretory diarrhea. The binding ability of PLS with GM1 and/or cholera toxin was evaluated by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS The G. cervicornis PLS showed antidiarrheal effects in both acute and secretory diarrhea, reducing the total number of fecal output, diarrheic stools, intestinal fluid accumulation, and increasing small intestine Na+/K+-ATPase activity on castor oil-induced diarrhea. However, the PLS did not affect gastrointestinal motility, indicating that this compound has a different action mechanism than loperamide. In secretory diarrhea, the PLS decreased intestinal fluid secretion and small intestine chloride excretion, binding with GM1 and/or cholera toxin and blocking their attachment to the enterocyte cell surface. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, PLS has a significant antidiarrheal effect in acute and secretory diarrhea. Further investigation is needed towards its use as a natural medicine to treat diarrhea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Felipe Bezerra
- Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Glauber Cruz Lima
- Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Nayara Alves de Sousa
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation program in Biotechnology - Federal University of Piauí. Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Willer Malta de Sousa
- Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luís Eduardo Castanheira Costa
- Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Douglas Soares da Costa
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation program in Biotechnology - Federal University of Piauí. Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisco Clark Nogueira Barros
- Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará - Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation program in Biotechnology - Federal University of Piauí. Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Ponte Freitas
- Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Federal University of Ceará. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shahzadi Z, Das S, Bala T, Mukhopadhyay C. Phase Behavior of GM1-Containing DMPC-Cholesterol Monolayer: Experimental and Theoretical Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11602-11611. [PMID: 30173524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organization and distribution of lipids in cellular membranes play an important role in a diverse range of biological processes, such as membrane trafficking and signaling. Here, we present the combined experimental and simulated results to elucidate the phase behavioral features of ganglioside monosialo 1 (GM1)-containing mixed monolayer of the lipids 1,2-dimyristoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and cholesterol (CHOL). Two monolayers having compositions DMPC-CHOL and GM1-DMPC-CHOL are investigated at air-water and air-solid interfaces using Langmuir-Blodgett experiments and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively, to ascertain the phase behavior change of the monolayers. Surface pressure isotherms and SEM imaging of domain formation indicate that addition of GM1 to the monolayer at low surface pressure causes a fluidization of the system but once the system attains the surface pressure corresponding to its liquid-condensed phase, the monolayer becomes more ordered than the system devoid of GM1 and interacts among each other more cooperatively. Besides, the condensing effect of cholesterol on the DMPC monolayer was also verified by our experiments. Apart from these, the effects induced by GM1 on the phase behavior of the binary mixture of DMPC-CHOL were studied with and without applying liquid-expanded (LE)-liquid-condensed (LC) equilibrium surface pressure using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Our molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results give an atomistic-level explanation of our experimental findings and furnish a similar conclusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zarrin Shahzadi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calcutta , 92, A.P.C. Road , Kolkata 700009 , India
| | - Subhasis Das
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calcutta , 92, A.P.C. Road , Kolkata 700009 , India
| | - Tanushree Bala
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calcutta , 92, A.P.C. Road , Kolkata 700009 , India
| | - Chaitali Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry , University of Calcutta , 92, A.P.C. Road , Kolkata 700009 , India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Govea-Alonso DO, Tello-Olea MA, Beltrán-López J, Monreal-Escalante E, Salazar-Gonzalez JA, Bañuelos-Hernández B, Rosales-Mendoza S. Assessment of Carrot Callus as Biofactories of an Atherosclerosis Oral Vaccine Prototype. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 59:482-489. [PMID: 28965203 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-017-0036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a pathology leading to cardiovascular diseases with high epidemiologic impact; thus, new therapies are required to fight this global health issue. Immunotherapy is a feasible approach to treat atherosclerosis and given that genetically engineered plants are attractive hosts for vaccine development; we previously proved that the plant cell is able to synthesize a chimeric protein called CTB:p210:CETPe, which is composed of the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) as immunogenic carrier and target epitopes from the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP461-476) and apolipoprotein B100 (p210). Since CTB:p210:CETPe was expressed in tobacco at sufficient levels to evoke humoral responses in mice, its expression in carrot was explored in the present study looking to develop a vaccine in a safe host amenable for oral delivery; avoiding the purification requirement. Carrot cell lines expressing CTB:p210:CETPe were developed, showing accumulation levels up to 6.1 µg/g dry weight. An immunoblot analysis revealed that the carrot-made protein is antigenic and an oral mice immunization scheme led to evidence on the immunogenic activity of this protein; revealing its capability of inducing serum IgG responses against p210 and CETP epitopes. This study represents a step forward in the development of an attractive oral low-cost vaccine to treat atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dania O Govea-Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Marlene A Tello-Olea
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Josué Beltrán-López
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Salazar-Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Genetic fusion of tetanus toxin fragment C (Hc) gene to cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) gene as a preparatory step for double vaccine production. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
23
|
Sharma SK, Seven ES, Micic M, Li S, Leblanc RM. Surface Chemistry and Spectroscopic Study of a Cholera Toxin B Langmuir Monolayer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:2557-2564. [PMID: 29378405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we explored the surface chemistry properties of a cholera toxin B (CTB) monolayer at the air-subphase interface and investigated the change in interfacial properties through in situ spectroscopy. The study showed that the impact of the blue shift was negligible, suggesting that the CTB molecules were minimally affected by the subphase molecules. The stability of the CTB monolayer was studied by maintaining the constant surface pressure for a long time and also by using the compression-decompression cycle experiments. The high stability of the Langmuir monolayer of CTB clearly showed that the driving force of CTB going to the amphiphilic membrane was its amphiphilic nature. In addition, no major change was detected in the various in situ spectroscopy results (such as UV-vis, fluorescence, and IR ER) of the CTB Langmuir monolayer with the increase in surface pressure. This indicates that no aggregation occurs in the Langmuir monolayer of CTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiv K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Elif S Seven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Miodrag Micic
- MP Biomedicals LLC, 3 Hutton Center, Santa Ana, California 92707, United States
- Department of Engineering Design Technology, Cerritos College , 11110 Alondra Boulevard, Norwalk, California 90650, United States
| | - Shanghao Li
- MP Biomedicals LLC, 3 Hutton Center, Santa Ana, California 92707, United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zuilhof H, Yu SH, Sholl DS. Writing Theory and Modeling Papers for Langmuir: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:1817-1818. [PMID: 29327925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zuilhof
- Tianjin University and Wageningen University
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- University of Science and Technology of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kabbani AM, Kelly CV. Nanoscale Membrane Budding Induced by CTxB and Detected via Polarized Localization Microscopy. Biophys J 2017; 113:1795-1806. [PMID: 29045873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For endocytosis and exocytosis, membranes transition among planar, budding, and vesicular topographies through nanoscale reorganization of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. However, prior attempts to understand the initial stages of nanoscale bending have been limited by experimental resolution. Through the implementation of polarized localization microscopy, this article reports the inherent membrane bending capability of cholera toxin subunit B (CTxB) in quasi-one-component-supported lipid bilayers. Membrane buds were first detected with <50 nm radius, grew to >200 nm radius, and extended into longer tubules with dependence on the membrane tension and CTxB concentration. Compared to the concentration of the planar-supported lipid bilayers, CTxB was (12 ± 4)× more concentrated on the positive curvature top and (26 ± 11)× more concentrated on the negative Gaussian curvature neck of the nanoscale membrane buds. CTxB is frequently used as a marker for liquid-ordered lipid phases; however, the coupling between CTxB and membrane bending provides an alternate understanding of CTxB-induced membrane reorganization. These findings allow for the reinterpretation of prior observations by correlating CTxB clustering and diffusion to CTxB-induced membrane bending. Single-particle tracking was performed on single lipids and CTxB to reveal the correlations among single-molecule diffusion, CTxB accumulation, and membrane topography. Slowed lipid and CTxB diffusion was observed at the nanoscale bud locations, suggesting a local increase in the effective membrane viscosity or molecular crowding upon membrane bending. These results suggest inherent CTxB-induced membrane bending as a mechanism for initiating CTxB internalization in cells that could be independent of clathrin, caveolin, actin, and lipid phase separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abir M Kabbani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Christopher V Kelly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pezeshkian W, Nåbo LJ, Ipsen JH. Cholera toxin B subunit induces local curvature on lipid bilayers. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:1638-1645. [PMID: 29123973 PMCID: PMC5666388 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The B subunit of the bacterial cholera toxin (CTxB) is responsible for the toxin binding to the cell membrane and its intracellular trafficking. CTxB binds to the monosialotetrahexosyl ganglioside at the plasma membrane of the target cell and mediates toxin internalization by endocytosis. CTxB induces a local membrane curvature that is essential for its clathrin-independent uptake. Using all-atom molecular dynamics, we show that CTxB induces local curvature, with the radius of curvature around 36 nm. The main feature of the CTxB molecular structure that causes membrane bending is the protruding alpha helices in the middle of the protein. Our study points to a generic protein design principle for generating local membrane curvature through specific binding to their lipid anchors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weria Pezeshkian
- Center for Biomembrane Physics (MEMPHYS) Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy (FKF) University of Southern Denmark Odense Odense M Denmark
| | - Lina J Nåbo
- Center for Biomembrane Physics (MEMPHYS) Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy (FKF) University of Southern Denmark Odense Odense M Denmark
| | - John H Ipsen
- Center for Biomembrane Physics (MEMPHYS) Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy (FKF) University of Southern Denmark Odense Odense M Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
H 2S is a key antisecretory molecule against cholera toxin-induced diarrhoea in mice: Evidence for non-involvement of the AC/cAMP/PKA pathway and AMPK. Nitric Oxide 2017; 76:152-163. [PMID: 28943473 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter that participates in various physiological and pathophysiological processes within the gastrointestinal tract. We studied the effects and possible mechanism of action of H2S in secretory diarrhoea caused by cholera toxin (CT). The possible mechanisms of action of H2S were investigated using an intestinal fluid secretion model in isolated intestinal loops on anaesthetized mice treated with CT. NaHS and Lawesson's reagent and l-cysteine showed antisecretory activity through reduction of intestinal fluid secretion and loss of Cl- induced by CT. Pretreatment with an inhibitor of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), dl-propargylglycine (PAG), reversed the effect of l-cysteine and caused severe intestinal secretion. Co-treatment with PAG and a submaximal dose of CT increased intestinal fluid secretion, thus supporting the role of H2S in the pathophysiology of cholera. CT increased the expression of CSE and the production of H2S. Pretreatment with PAG did not reverse the effect of SQ 22536 (an AC inhibitor), bupivacaine (inhibitor of cAMP production), KT-5720 (a PKA inhibitor), and AICAR (an AMPK activator). The treatment with Forskolin does not reverse the effects of the H2S donors. Co-treatment with either NaHS or Lawesson's reagent and dorsomorphin (an AMPK inhibitor) did not reverse the effect of the H2S donors. H2S has antisecretory activity and is an essential molecule for protection against the intestinal secretion induced by CT. Thus, H2S donor drugs are promising candidates for cholera therapy. However, more studies are needed to elucidate the possible mechanism of action.
Collapse
|
28
|
Bhattarai N, Gc JB, Gerstman BS, Stahelin RV, Chapagain PP. Plasma membrane association facilitates conformational changes in the Marburg virus protein VP40 dimer. RSC Adv 2017; 7:22741-22748. [PMID: 28580138 PMCID: PMC5436087 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02940c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane binding interface of the Marburg virus protein mVP40 dimer differs from that of the Ebola virus eVP40 dimer but membrane binding allows conformational changes in mVP40 that makes it structurally similar to the eVP40 dimer.
Filovirus infections cause hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates that often results in high fatality rates. The Marburg virus is a lipid-enveloped virus from the Filoviridae family and is closely related to the Ebola virus. The viral matrix layer underneath the lipid envelope is formed by the matrix protein VP40 (VP40), which is also involved in other functions during the viral life-cycle. As in the Ebola virus VP40 (eVP40), the recently determined X-ray crystal structure of the Marburg virus VP40 (mVP40) features loops containing cationic residues that form a lipid binding basic patch. However, the mVP40 basic patch is significantly flatter with a more extended surface than in eVP40, suggesting the possibility of differences in the plasma membrane interactions and phospholipid specificity between the VP40 dimers. In this paper, we report on molecular dynamics simulations that investigate the roles of various residues and lipid types in PM association as well as the conformational changes of the mVP40 dimer facilitated by membrane association. We compared the structural changes of the mVP40 dimer with the mVP40 dimer in both lipid free and membrane associated conditions. Despite the significant structural differences in the crystal structure, the Marburg VP40 dimer is found to adopt a configuration very similar to the Ebola VP40 dimer after associating with the membrane. This conformational rearrangement upon lipid binding allows Marburg VP40 to localize and stabilize at the membrane surface in a manner similar to the Ebola VP40 dimer. Consideration of the structural information in its lipid-interacting condition may be important in targeting mVP40 for novel drugs to inhibit viral budding from the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Bhattarai
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Jeevan B Gc
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Bernard S Gerstman
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. .,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Robert V Stahelin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Eck Institute for Global Health, The Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Prem P Chapagain
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. .,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sridhar A, Kumar A, Dasmahapatra AK. Multi-scale molecular dynamics study of cholera pentamer binding to a GM1-phospholipid membrane. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 68:236-251. [PMID: 27474868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The AB5 type toxin produced by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium is the causative agent of the cholera disease. The cholera toxin (CT) has been shown to bind specifically to GM1 glycolipids on the membrane surface. This binding of CT to the membrane is the initial step in its endocytosis and has been postulated to cause significant disruption to the membrane structure. In this work, we have carried out a combination of coarse-grain and atomistic simulations to study the binding of CT to a membrane modelled as an asymmetrical GM1-DPPC bilayer. Simulation results indicate that the toxin binds to the membrane through only three of its five B subunits, in effect resulting in a tilted bound configuration. Additionally, the binding of the CT can increase the area per lipid of GM1 leaflet, which in turn can cause the membrane regions interacting with the bound subunits to experience significant bilayer thinning and lipid tail disorder across both the leaflets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Sridhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Dasmahapatra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Karapetis S, Nikoleli GP, Siontorou CG, Nikolelis DP, Tzamtzis N, Psaroudakis N. Development of an Electrochemical Biosensor for the Rapid Detection of Cholera Toxin Based on Air Stable Lipid Films with Incorporated Ganglioside GM1 Using Graphene Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201501134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanos Karapetis
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry; School of Chemical Engineering, Dept 1, Chemical Sciences; National Technical University of Athens; 9 Iroon Polytechniou St. Athens 157 80 Greece
| | - Georgia-Paraskevi Nikoleli
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry; School of Chemical Engineering, Dept 1, Chemical Sciences; National Technical University of Athens; 9 Iroon Polytechniou St. Athens 157 80 Greece
| | - Christina G. Siontorou
- Laboratory of Simulation of Industrial Processes; Department of Industrial Management and Technology; School of Maritime and Industry; University of Piraeus
| | - Dimitrios P. Nikolelis
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Athens; Panepistimiopolis-Kouponia GR-15771 Athens Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tzamtzis
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry; School of Chemical Engineering, Dept 1, Chemical Sciences; National Technical University of Athens; 9 Iroon Polytechniou St. Athens 157 80 Greece
| | - Nikolas Psaroudakis
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Athens; Panepistimiopolis-Kouponia GR-15771 Athens Greece
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zuilhof H. Fighting Cholera One-on-One: The Development and Efficacy of Multivalent Cholera-Toxin-Binding Molecules. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:274-85. [PMID: 26760438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of diseases, ranging from cholera via travelers' diarrhea to hamburger disease, are caused by bacterially produced toxic proteins. In particular, a toxic protein unit is brought into the host cell upon binding to specific membrane-bound oligosaccharides on the host cell membrane. For example, the protein that causes cholera, cholera toxin (CT), has five identical, symmetrically placed binding pockets (B proteins), on top of which the toxic A protein resides. A promising strategy to counteract the devastating biological effects of this AB5 protein involves the development of inhibitors that can act as mimics of membrane-bound GM1 molecules, i.e., that can bind CT strongly and selectively. To reach this goal, two features are essential: First of all, the inhibitor should display oligosaccharides that resemble as much as possible the naturally occurring cell-surface pentasaccharide onto which CT normally binds, the so-called GM1 sugar (the oligosaccharide part of which is then labeled GM1os). Second, the inhibitor should be able to bind CT via multivalent interactions so as to bind CT as strongly as possible to allow for a real competition with the cell-membrane-bound GM1 molecules. In this Account, we present elements of the path that leads to strong CT inhibition by outlining the roles of multivalency and the development and use of GM1 mimics. First, multivalency effects were investigated using "sugar-coated" platforms, ranging from dendritic structures with up to eight oligosaccharides to platforms that mimicked the fivefold symmetry of CT itself. The latter goal was reached either via synthetic scaffolds like corannulene or calix[5]arene or via the development of a neolectin CT mimic that itself carries five GM1os groups. Second, the effect of the nature of the oligosaccharide appended to this platform was investigated via the use of oligosaccharides of increasing complexity, from galactose and lactose to the tetrasaccharide GM2os and eventually to GM1os itself. The combination of these threads gives rise to a series of inhibitors that can strongly bind CT, with IC50 values below 100 pM, and in some cases can even bind one-on-one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zuilhof
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 8, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bera S, Korshavn KJ, Kar RK, Lim MH, Ramamoorthy A, Bhunia A. Biophysical insights into the membrane interaction of the core amyloid-forming Aβ40fragment K16–K28 and its role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:16890-901. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp02023b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Role of central hydrophobic region of Aβ40 in membrane interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swapna Bera
- Department of Biophysics
- Bose Institute
- Kolkata 700 054
- India
| | | | - Rajiv K. Kar
- Department of Biophysics
- Bose Institute
- Kolkata 700 054
- India
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan
- Republic of Korea
| | | | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Biophysics
- Bose Institute
- Kolkata 700 054
- India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
East A, Mechaly A, Huysmans G, Bernarde C, Tello-Manigne D, Nadeau N, Pugsley A, Buschiazzo A, Alzari P, Bond P, Francetic O. Structural Basis of Pullulanase Membrane Binding and Secretion Revealed by X-Ray Crystallography, Molecular Dynamics and Biochemical Analysis. Structure 2016; 24:92-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
34
|
Badshah SL, Khan AN, Mabkhot YN. Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Cholera Toxin A-1 Polypeptide. OPEN CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractA molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study of the enzymatic portion of cholera toxin; cholera toxin A-1 polypeptide (CTA1) was performed at 283, 310 and 323 K. From total energy analysis it was observed that this toxin is stable thermodynamically and these outcomes were likewise confirmed by root mean square deviations (RMSD) investigations. The Cα root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) examinations revealed that there are a number of residues inside CTA1, which can be used as target for designing and synthesizing inhibitory drugs, in order to inactivate cholera toxin inside the human body. The fluctuations in the radius of gyration and hydrogen bonding in CTA1 proved that protein unfolding and refolding were normal routine phenomena in its structure at all temperatures. Solvent accessible surface area study identified the hydrophilic nature of the CTA1, and due to this property it can be a potential biological weapon. The structural identification (STRIDE) algorithm for proteins was successfully used to determine the partially disordered secondary structure of CTA1. On account of this partially disordered secondary structure, it can easily deceive the proteolytic enzymes of the endoplasmic reticulum of host cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Lal Badshah
- 1National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 25120
- 2Department Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan. Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
- 3Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 25120
| | - Abdul Naeem Khan
- 1National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 25120
- 2Department Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan. Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yahia Nasser Mabkhot
- 3Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan. 25120
- 4Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451. Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Basu I, Manna M, Mukhopadhyay C. Insights into the behavioral difference of water in the presence of GM1. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3887-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
36
|
Sun H, Chen L, Gao L, Fang W. Nanodomain Formation of Ganglioside GM1 in Lipid Membrane: Effects of Cholera Toxin-Mediated Cross-Linking. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:9105-14. [PMID: 26250646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linking of specific lipid components by proteins mediates transmembrane signaling and material transport. In this work, we conducted coarse-grained simulation to investigate the interactions of binding units of chorela toxin (CTB) with mixed ganglioside GM1 and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipid bilayer membrane. We determine that the binding of CTB pentamers cross-links GM1 molecules into protein-sized nanodomains that have distinct lipid order compared with the bulk. The toxin in the nanodomain partially penetrates into the membrane. The local disordering can also transmit across the membrane via lipid coupling. Comparison simulations on CTB binding to a membrane that is composed of various lipid components demonstrate that several factors are responsible for the nanodomain formation: (a) the negatively charged headgroup of a GM1 receptor is responsible for the multivalent binding; (b) the head groups being full of hydrogen-bonding donors and receptors stabilize the GM1 cluster itself and ensure the toxin binding with high affinity; and
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Licui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lianghui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| | - Weihai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Baldauf KJ, Royal JM, Hamorsky KT, Matoba N. Cholera toxin B: one subunit with many pharmaceutical applications. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:974-96. [PMID: 25802972 PMCID: PMC4379537 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7030974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholera, a waterborne acute diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, remains prevalent in underdeveloped countries and is a serious health threat to those living in unsanitary conditions. The major virulence factor is cholera toxin (CT), which consists of two subunits: the A subunit (CTA) and the B subunit (CTB). CTB is a 55 kD homopentameric, non-toxic protein binding to the GM1 ganglioside on mammalian cells with high affinity. Currently, recombinantly produced CTB is used as a component of an internationally licensed oral cholera vaccine, as the protein induces potent humoral immunity that can neutralize CT in the gut. Additionally, recent studies have revealed that CTB administration leads to the induction of anti-inflammatory mechanisms in vivo. This review will cover the potential of CTB as an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent. We will also summarize various recombinant expression systems available for recombinant CTB bioproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keegan J Baldauf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Joshua M Royal
- Owensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY 42303, USA.
| | - Krystal Teasley Hamorsky
- Owensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY 42303, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Nobuyuki Matoba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
- Owensboro Cancer Research Program of James Graham Brown Cancer Center at University of Louisville School of Medicine, Owensboro, KY 42303, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Novel substrate specificities of two lacto-N-biosidases towards β-linked galacto-N-biose-containing oligosaccharides of globo H, Gb5, and GA1. Carbohydr Res 2015; 408:18-24. [PMID: 25839135 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe the novel substrate specificities of two independently evolved lacto-N-biosidases (LnbX and LnbB) towards the sugar chains of globo- and ganglio-series glycosphingolipids. LnbX, a non-classified member of the glycoside hydrolase family, isolated from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, was shown to liberate galacto-N-biose (GNB: Galβ1-3GalNAc) and 2'-fucosyl GNB (a type-4 trisaccharide) from Gb5 pentasaccharide and globo H hexasaccharide, respectively. LnbB, a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 20 isolated from Bifidobacterium bifidum, was shown to release GNB from Gb5 and GA1 oligosaccharides. This is the first report describing enzymatic release of β-linked GNB from natural substrates. These unique activities may play a role in modulating the microbial composition in the gut ecosystem, and may serve as new tools for elucidating the functions of sugar chains of glycosphingolipids.
Collapse
|