1
|
Kim AL, Musin EV, Chebykin YS, Tikhonenko SA. Characterization of Polyallylamine/Polystyrene Sulfonate Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Formed on Solid Cores: Morphology. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1521. [PMID: 38891467 PMCID: PMC11174721 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte microcapsules (PMC) based on polyallylamine and polystyrene sulfonate are utilized in various fields of human activity, including medicine, textiles, and the food industry, among others. However, characteristics such as microcapsule size, shell thickness, and pore size are not sufficiently studied and systematized, even though they determine the possibility of using microcapsules in applied tasks. The aim of this review is to identify general patterns and gaps in the study of the morphology of polyelectrolyte microcapsules obtained by the alternate adsorption of polystyrene sulfonate and polyallylamine on different solid cores. First and foremost, it was found that the morphological change in polyelectrolyte microcapsules formed on different cores exhibits a significant difference in response to varying stimuli. Factors such as ionic strength, the acidity of the medium, and temperature have different effects on the size of the microcapsules, the thickness of their shells, and the number and size of their pores. At present, the morphology of the microcapsules formed on the melamine formaldehyde core has been most studied, while the morphology of microcapsules formed on other types of cores is scarcely studied. In addition, modern methods of nanoscale system analysis will allow for an objective assessment of PMC characteristics and provide a fresh perspective on the subject of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sergey A. Tikhonenko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya St., 3, 142290 Puschino, Moscow Region, Russia; (A.L.K.); (E.V.M.); (Y.S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Belluati A, Harley I, Lieberwirth I, Bruns N. An Outer Membrane-Inspired Polymer Coating Protects and Endows Escherichia coli with Novel Functionalities. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303384. [PMID: 37452438 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A bio-inspired membrane made of Pluronic L-121 is produced around Escherichia coli thanks to the simple co-extrusion of bacteria and polymer vesicles. The block copolymer-coated bacteria can withstand various harsh shocks, for example, temperature, pressure, osmolarity, and chemical agents. The polymer membrane also makes the bacteria resistant to enzymatic digestion and enables them to degrade toxic compounds, improving their performance as whole-cell biocatalysts. Moreover, the polymer membrane acts as an anchor layer for the surface modification of the bacteria. Being decorated with α-amylase or lysozyme, the cells are endowed with the ability to digest starch or self-predatory bacteria are created. Thus, without any genetic engineering, the phenotype of encapsulated bacteria is changed as they become sturdier and gain novel metabolic functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Belluati
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Iain Harley
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nico Bruns
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sabra DM, Krin A, Romeral AB, Frieß JL, Jeremias G. Anthrax revisited: how assessing the unpredictable can improve biosecurity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1215773. [PMID: 37795173 PMCID: PMC10546327 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1215773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
B. anthracis is one of the most often weaponized pathogens. States had it in their bioweapons programs and criminals and terrorists have used or attempted to use it. This study is motivated by the narrative that emerging and developing technologies today contribute to the amplification of danger through greater easiness, accessibility and affordability of steps in the making of an anthrax weapon. As states would have way better preconditions if they would decide for an offensive bioweapons program, we focus on bioterrorism. This paper analyzes and assesses the possible bioterrorism threat arising from advances in synthetic biology, genome editing, information availability, and other emerging, and converging sciences and enabling technologies. Methodologically we apply foresight methods to encourage the analysis of contemporary technological advances. We have developed a conceptual six-step foresight science framework approach. It represents a synthesis of various foresight methodologies including literature review, elements of horizon scanning, trend impact analysis, red team exercise, and free flow open-ended discussions. Our results show a significant shift in the threat landscape. Increasing affordability, widespread distribution, efficiency, as well as ease of use of DNA synthesis, and rapid advances in genome-editing and synthetic genomic technologies lead to an ever-growing number and types of actors who could potentially weaponize B. anthracis. Understanding the current and future capabilities of these technologies and their potential for misuse critically shapes the current and future threat landscape and underlines the necessary adaptation of biosecurity measures in the spheres of multi-level political decision making and in the science community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Manal Sabra
- Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker-Centre for Science and Peace Research (ZNF), University of Hamburg, Bogenallee, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang W, Wang S. Cell-based biocomposite engineering directed by polymers. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1042-1067. [PMID: 35244136 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological cells such as bacterial, fungal, and mammalian cells always exploit sophisticated chemistries and exquisite micro- and nano-structures to execute life activities, providing numerous templates for engineering bioactive and biomorphic materials, devices, and systems. To transform biological cells into functional biocomposites, polymer-directed cell surface engineering and intracellular functionalization have been developed over the past two decades. Polymeric materials can be easily adopted by various cells through polymer grafting or in situ hydrogelation and can successfully bridge cells with other functional materials as interfacial layers, thus achieving the manufacture of advanced biocomposites through bioaugmentation of living cells and transformation of cells into templated materials. This review article summarizes the recent progress in the design and construction of cell-based biocomposites by polymer-directed strategies. Furthermore, the applications of cell-based biocomposites in broad fields such as cell research, biomedicine, and bioenergy are discussed. Last, we provide personal perspectives on challenges and future trends in this interdisciplinary area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vona D, Cicco SR, Ragni R, Vicente-Garcia C, Leone G, Giangregorio MM, Palumbo F, Altamura E, Farinola GM. Polydopamine coating of living diatom microalgae. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:949-958. [DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMany microorganisms produce specific structures, known as spores or cysts, to increase their resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Scientists have started to produce biomimetic materials inspired by these natural membranes, especially for industrial and biomedical applications. Here, we present biological data on the biocompatibility of a polydopamine-based artificial coating for diatom cells. In this work, living Thalassiosira weissflogii diatom cells are coated on their surface with a polydopamine layer mimicking mussel adhesive protein. Polydopamine does not affect diatoms growth kinetics, it enhances their resistance to degradation by treatment with detergents and acids, and it decreases the uptake of model staining emitters. These outcomes pave the way for the use of living diatom cells bearing polymer coatings for sensors based on living cells, resistant to artificial microenvironments, or acting as living devices for cells interface study.
Graphical abstract
Collapse
|
6
|
Li W, Lei X, Feng H, Li B, Kong J, Xing M. Layer-by-Layer Cell Encapsulation for Drug Delivery: The History, Technique Basis, and Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020297. [PMID: 35214030 PMCID: PMC8874529 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The encapsulation of cells with various polyelectrolytes through layer-by-layer (LbL) has become a popular strategy in cellular function engineering. The technique sprang up in 1990s and obtained tremendous advances in multi-functionalized encapsulation of cells in recent years. This review comprehensively summarized the basis and applications in drug delivery by means of LbL cell encapsulation. To begin with, the concept and brief history of LbL and LbL cell encapsulation were introduced. Next, diverse types of materials, including naturally extracted and chemically synthesized, were exhibited, followed by a complicated basis of LbL assembly, such as interactions within multilayers, charge distribution, and films morphology. Furthermore, the review focused on the protective effects against adverse factors, and bioactive payloads incorporation could be realized via LbL cell encapsulation. Additionally, the payload delivery from cell encapsulation system could be adjusted by environment, redox, biological processes, and functional linkers to release payloads in controlled manners. In short, drug delivery via LbL cell encapsulation, which takes advantage of both cell grafts and drug activities, will be of great importance in basic research of cell science and biotherapy for various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing 400038, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.F.)
| | - Xuejiao Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing 400038, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.F.)
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Chongqing 400038, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.F.)
| | - Bingyun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Jiming Kong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (M.X.)
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, 75 Chancellors Circle, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (M.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ariga K, Lvov Y, Decher G. There is still plenty of room for layer-by-layer assembly for constructing nanoarchitectonics-based materials and devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:4097-4115. [PMID: 34942636 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04669a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanoarchitectonics approaches can produce functional materials from tiny units through combination of various processes including atom/molecular manipulation, chemical conversion, self-assembly/self-organization, microfabrication, and bio-inspired procedures. Existing fabrication approaches can be regarded as fitting into the same concept. In particular, the so-called layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly method has huge potential for preparing applicable materials with a great variety of assembling mechanisms. LbL assembly is a multistep process where different components can be organized in planned sequences while simple alignment options provide access to superstructures, for example helical structures, and anisotropies which are important aspects of nanoarchitectonics. In this article, newly-featured examples are extracted from the literature on LbL assembly discussing trends for composite functional materials according to (i) principles and techniques, (ii) composite materials, and (iii) applications. We present our opinion on the present trends, and the prospects of LbL assembly. While this method has already reached a certain maturity, there is still plenty of room for expanding its usefulness for the fabrication of nanoarchitectonics-based materials and devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan. .,Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yuri Lvov
- Institute for Micromanufacturing, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, 71272, USA
| | - Gero Decher
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan. .,Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie and CNRS Institut Charles Sadron, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.,International Center for Frontier Research in Chemistry, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pawlak A, Belbekhouche S. Controlling the growth of Escherichia coli by layer-by-layer encapsulation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 206:111950. [PMID: 34218012 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most common commensal aerobic bacteria in the gut microbiota of humans (and other mammals). Nevertheless, if left free to proliferate, it can induce a large range of diseases from diarrhoea to extra-intestinal diseases. In recent years, this bacterium had become increasingly resistant to antibiotics. It is therefore essential to implement new approaches able to maintain both bacterial viability and to control their proliferation. In this context, we developed a process to encapsulate Escherichia coli in polymer shells. We took advantage of the fact that this bacterium has a negatively charged surface and modified it via a layer-by-layer process, i.e. with oppositely charged polyelectrolyte pairs (namely chitosan as the polycation and alginate or dextran sulfate as polyanion). We successfully demonstrate the controlled coating of the bacterial surface via zeta potential measurement, the viability of the encapsulated bacteria and a delay in growth due to the multilayer coating. This delay was dependent on the number of polyelectrolyte layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Pawlak
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), IMRB U955, Créteil, F-94010, France; Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médecine, UMRS 955, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Sabrina Belbekhouche
- Université Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut Chimie et Matériaux Paris Est, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320, Thiais, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Li B, Li Y, Chen X. Research progress on enhancing the performance of autotrophic nitrogen removal systems using microbial immobilization technology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145136. [PMID: 33609842 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The autotrophic nitrogen removal process has great potential to be applied to the biological removal of nitrogen from wastewater, but its application is hindered by its unstable operation under adverse environmental conditions, such as those presented by low temperatures, high organic matter concentrations, or the presence of toxic substances. Granules and microbial entrapment technology can effectively retain and enrich microbial assemblages in reactors to improve operating efficiency and reactor stability. The carriers can also protect the reactor's internal microorganisms from interference from the external environment. This article critically reviews the existing literature on autotrophic nitrogen removal systems using immobilization technology. We focus our discussion on the natural aggregation process (granulation) and entrapment technology. The selection of carrier materials and entrapment methods are identified and described in detail and the mechanisms through which entrapment technology protects microorganisms are analyzed. This review will provide a better understanding of the mechanisms through which immobilization operates and the prospects for immobilization technology to be applied in autotrophic nitrogen removal systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Ye Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoguo Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Akolpoglu MB, Dogan NO, Bozuyuk U, Ceylan H, Kizilel S, Sitti M. High-Yield Production of Biohybrid Microalgae for On-Demand Cargo Delivery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001256. [PMID: 32832367 PMCID: PMC7435244 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biohybrid microswimmers exploit the swimming and navigation of a motile microorganism to target and deliver cargo molecules in a wide range of biomedical applications. Medical biohybrid microswimmers suffer from low manufacturing yields, which would significantly limit their potential applications. In the present study, a biohybrid design strategy is reported, where a thin and soft uniform coating layer is noncovalently assembled around a motile microorganism. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (a single-cell green alga) is used in the design as a biological model microorganism along with polymer-nanoparticle matrix as the synthetic component, reaching a manufacturing efficiency of ≈90%. Natural biopolymer chitosan is used as a binder to efficiently coat the cell wall of the microalgae with nanoparticles. The soft surface coating does not impair the viability and phototactic ability of the microalgae, and allows further engineering to accommodate biomedical cargo molecules. Furthermore, by conjugating the nanoparticles embedded in the thin coating with chemotherapeutic doxorubicin by a photocleavable linker, on-demand delivery of drugs to tumor cells is reported as a proof-of-concept biomedical demonstration. The high-throughput strategy can pave the way for the next-generation generation microrobotic swarms for future medical active cargo delivery tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukrime Birgul Akolpoglu
- Physical Intelligence DepartmentMax Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsStuttgart70569Germany
| | - Nihal Olcay Dogan
- Physical Intelligence DepartmentMax Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsStuttgart70569Germany
- Chemical and Biological Engineering DepartmentKoç UniversityIstanbul34450Turkey
| | - Ugur Bozuyuk
- Physical Intelligence DepartmentMax Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsStuttgart70569Germany
| | - Hakan Ceylan
- Physical Intelligence DepartmentMax Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsStuttgart70569Germany
| | - Seda Kizilel
- Chemical and Biological Engineering DepartmentKoç UniversityIstanbul34450Turkey
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence DepartmentMax Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsStuttgart70569Germany
- School of Medicine and School of EngineeringKoç UniversityIstanbul34450Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wei Y, Xu H, Xu S, Su H, Zhang L, Sun R, Huang D, Zhao L, Wang K, Hu Y, Lian X. Inhibiting Cell Viability and Motility by Layer-by-Layer Assembly and Biomineralization. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:17118-17128. [PMID: 32715197 PMCID: PMC7376689 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we proposed a drug-free strategy named cell surface shellization to inhibit the motility of SKOV-3 and HeLa cells. We alternately deposited two- or three-layer cationic polyelectrolyte (PE) and anionic PE films on the surface of SKOV-3 and HeLa cells. Then, a mineral shell (calcium carbonate, CaCO3) was formed on the surface of polymer shells via electrostatic force and biomineralization. The CCK-8 assay results and live/dead staining showed that the surface shells strongly aggravated the cytotoxicity. The monolayer scratch wound migration assay results and immunofluorescence staining results showed that the shells, especially the mineral shells, could efficiently inhibit the migration of SKOV-3 and HeLa cells without any anticancer drugs. The immunofluorescence results of the three small G proteins of the cells showed that the immunofluorescence intensity in SKOV-3 did not change. Preliminary results from our laboratory showed an increase in MMP-9 secreted by cancer cells after coating with films or mineral shells. It suggests that mechanisms that inhibit cell migration are related to the MMP signaling pathway. All the results indicated that shellization (films or nanomineral shells) but not limited to calcification can be used as one of the tools to change the function of cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wei
- . Phone: +86-351-6014477. Fax: +86-351-6011816
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Peil S, Beckers S, Fischer J, Wurm F. Biodegradable, lignin-based encapsulation enables delivery of Trichoderma reesei with programmed enzymatic release against grapevine trunk diseases. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100061. [PMID: 32637910 PMCID: PMC7327927 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antagonistic fungi such as Trichoderma reesei are promising alternatives to conventional fungicides in agriculture. This is especially true for worldwide occurring grapevine trunk diseases, causing losses of US$1.5 billion every year, at which conventional fungicides are mostly ineffective or prohibited by law. Yet, applications of Trichoderma against grapevine trunk diseases are limited to preventive measures, suffer from poor shelf life, or uncontrolled germination. Therefore, we developed a mild and spore-compatible layer-by-layer assembly to encapsulate spores of a new mycoparasitic strain of T. reesei IBWF 034-05 in a bio-based and biodegradable lignin shell. The encapsulation inhibits undesired premature germination and enables the application as an aqueous dispersion via trunk injection. First injected into a plant, the spores remain in a resting state. Second, when lignin-degrading fungi infect the plant, enzymatic degradation of the shell occurs and germination is selectively triggered by the pathogenic fungi itself, which was proven in vitro. Germinated Trichoderma antagonizes the fungal pathogens and finally supplants them from the plant. This concept enables Trichoderma spores for curative treatment of esca, one of the most infective grapevine trunk diseases worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Peil
- Max-Planck-Insitute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - S.J. Beckers
- Max-Planck-Insitute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Fischer
- Institute for Biotechnology and Drug Research, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 56, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - F.R. Wurm
- Max-Planck-Insitute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zamani E, Chatterjee S, Changa T, Immethun C, Sarella A, Saha R, Dishari SK. Mechanistic Understanding of the Interactions of Cationic Conjugated Oligo- and Polyelectrolytes with Wild-type and Ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20411. [PMID: 31892737 PMCID: PMC6938524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56946-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of cell-drug binding modes and action mechanisms can potentially guide the future design of novel drugs and antimicrobial materials and help to combat antibiotic resistance. Light-harvesting π-conjugated molecules have been demonstrated for their antimicrobial effects, but their impact on bacterial outer cell envelope needs to be studied in detail. Here, we synthesized poly(phenylene) based model cationic conjugated oligo- (2QA-CCOE, 4QA-CCOE) and polyelectrolytes (CCPE), and systematically explored their interactions with the outer cell membrane of wild-type and ampicillin (amp)-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli). Incubation of the E. coli cells in CCOE/CCPE solution inhibited the subsequent bacterial growth in LB media. About 99% growth inhibition was achieved if amp-resistant E. coli was treated for ~3-5 min, 1 h and 6 h with 100 μM of CCPE, 4QA-CCOE, and 2QA-CCOE solutions, respectively. Interestingly, these CCPE and CCOEs inhibited the growth of both wild-type and amp-resistant E. coli to a similar extent. A large surface charge reversal of bacteria upon treatment with CCPE suggested the formation of a coating of CCPE on the outer surface of bacteria; while a low reversal of bacterial surface charge suggested intercalation of CCOEs within the lipid bilayer of bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Zamani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States
| | - Shyambo Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States
| | - Taity Changa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States
| | - Cheryl Immethun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States
| | - Anandakumar Sarella
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, Voelte-Keegan Nanoscience Research Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0298, United States
| | - Rajib Saha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States
| | - Shudipto Konika Dishari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Musin EV, Kim AL, Dubrovskii AV, Kudryashova EB, Tikhonenko SA. Decapsulation of Dextran by Destruction of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsule Nanoscale Shell by Bacillus subtilis Bacteria. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 10:E12. [PMID: 31861482 PMCID: PMC7022246 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
One of the prerequisites of successful address delivery is controlling the release of encapsulated drugs. The new method of bacterial spore encapsulation in polyelectrolyte microcapsules allows for degrading the nanoscale membrane shell of microcapsules. The possibility of encapsulating spore forms of Bacillus subtilis in polystyrenesulfonate sodium/ polyallylamine hydrochloride (PSS/PAH) polyelectrolyte microcapsules was demonstrated. The activation and growth on a nutrient medium of encapsulated bacterial spores led to 60% degradation of the microcapsules nanoscale membrane shell. As a result, 18.5% of Fluorescein isothiocyanatedextran was encapsulated into polyelectrolyte microcapsules, and 28.6% of the encapsulated concentration of FITC-dextran was released into the solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egor V. Musin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya st., 3, 142290 Puschino, Moscow Region, Russia; (E.V.M.); (A.L.K.); (A.V.D.)
| | - Aleksandr L. Kim
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya st., 3, 142290 Puschino, Moscow Region, Russia; (E.V.M.); (A.L.K.); (A.V.D.)
| | - Alexey V. Dubrovskii
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya st., 3, 142290 Puschino, Moscow Region, Russia; (E.V.M.); (A.L.K.); (A.V.D.)
| | - Ekaterina B. Kudryashova
- G. K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Russian Academy of Sciences (Ibpm Ras), Prospekt Nauki, 5, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Sergey A. Tikhonenko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Science, Institutskaya st., 3, 142290 Puschino, Moscow Region, Russia; (E.V.M.); (A.L.K.); (A.V.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Layer-by-layer assembly as a robust method to construct extracellular matrix mimic surfaces to modulate cell behavior. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
16
|
Reshetilov A, Plekhanova Y, Tarasov S, Tikhonenko S, Dubrovsky A, Kim A, Kashin V, Machulin A, Wang GJ, Kolesov V, Kuznetsova I. Bioelectrochemical Properties of Enzyme-Containing Multilayer Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Modified with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:E53. [PMID: 31013718 PMCID: PMC6523181 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9040053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This work investigated changes in the biochemical parameters of multilayer membrane structures, emerging at their modification with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The structures were represented by polyelectrolyte microcapsules (PMCs) containing glucose oxidase (GOx). PMCs were made using sodium polystyrene sulfonate (polyanion) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (polycation). Three compositions were considered: with MWCNTs incorporated between polyelectrolyte layers; with MWCNTs inserted into the hollow of the microcapsule; and with MWCNTs incorporated simultaneously into the hollow and between polyelectrolyte layers. The impedance spectra showed modifications using MWCNTs to cause a significant decrease in the PMC active resistance from 2560 to 25 kOhm. The cyclic current-voltage curves featured a current rise at modifications of multilayer MWCNT structures. A PMC-based composition was the basis of a receptor element of an amperometric biosensor. The sensitivity of glucose detection by the biosensor was 0.30 and 0.05 μA/mM for PMCs/MWCNTs/GOx and PMCs/GOx compositions, respectively. The biosensor was insensitive to the presence of ethanol or citric acid in the sample. Polyelectrolyte microcapsules based on a multilayer membrane incorporating the enzyme and MWCNTs can be efficient in developing biosensors and microbial fuel cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Reshetilov
- FSBIS G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| | - Yulia Plekhanova
- FSBIS G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
| | - Sergei Tarasov
- FSBIS G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| | - Sergei Tikhonenko
- FSBIS Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
| | - Alexey Dubrovsky
- FSBIS Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
| | - Alexander Kim
- FSBIS Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
| | - Vadim Kashin
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| | - Andrey Machulin
- FSBIS G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
| | - Gou-Jen Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Vladimir Kolesov
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| | - Iren Kuznetsova
- FSBIS V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 125009, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu T, Wang Y, Zhong W, Li B, Mequanint K, Luo G, Xing M. Biomedical Applications of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly for Cell Encapsulation: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800939. [PMID: 30511822 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulating living cells within multilayer functional shells is a crucial extension of cellular functions and a further development of cell surface engineering. In the last decade, cell encapsulation has been widely utilized in many cutting-edge biomedical fields. Compared with other techniques for cell encapsulation, layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technology, due to the versatility and tunability to fabricate diverse multilayer shells with controllable compositions and structures, is considered as a promising approach for cell encapsulation. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art and potential future biomedical applications of LbL cell encapsulation. First of all, a brief introduction to the LbL self-assembly technique, including assembly mechanisms and technologies, is made. Next, different cell encapsulation strategies by LbL self-assembly techniques are explained. Then, the biomedical applications of LbL cell encapsulation in cell-based biosensors, cell transplantation, cell/molecule delivery, and tissue engineering, are highlighted. Finally, discussions on the current limitations and future perspectives of LbL cell encapsulation are also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Biosystem Engineering; Faculty of Agriculture; University of Manitoba; Winnpeg MB Canada
| | - Bingyun Li
- School of Medicine; West Virginia University; Morgantown WV 26506-9196 USA
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; University of Western; Ontario London N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Dai B, Wang L, Wang Y, Yu G, Huang X. Single-Cell Nanometric Coating Towards Whole-Cell-Based Biodevices and Biosensors. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Dai
- School of Technology; Harbin University; Harbin 150086 China
| | - Lei Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin 150001 China
| | - Yan Wang
- Departament de Química Inorgànica; Facultat de Química; Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1-11; Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Guangbin Yu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering; Harbin University of Science and Technology; Harbin 150080 China
| | - Xin Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin 150001 China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jonas AM, Glinel K, Behrens A, Anselmo AC, Langer RS, Jaklenec A. Controlling the Growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis by Layer-By-Layer Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:16250-16259. [PMID: 29693369 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Commensal skin bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis are currently being considered as possible components in skin-care and skin-health products. However, considering the potentially adverse effects of commensal skin bacteria if left free to proliferate, it is crucial to develop methodologies that are capable of maintaining bacteria viability while controlling their proliferation. Here, we encapsulate S. epidermidis in shells of increasing thickness using layer-by-layer assembly, with either a pair of synthetic polyelectrolytes or a pair of oppositely charged polysaccharides. We study the viability of the cells and their delay of growth depending on the composition of the shell, its thickness, the charge of the last deposited layer, and the degree of aggregation of the bacteria which is varied using different coating procedures-among which is a new scalable process that easily leads to large amounts of nonaggregated bacteria. We demonstrate that the growth of bacteria is not controlled by the mechanical properties of the shell but by the bacteriostatic effect of the polyelectrolyte complex, which depends on the shell thickness and charge of its outmost layer, and involves the diffusion of unpaired amine sites through the shell. The lag times of growth are sufficient to prevent proliferation for daily topical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain M Jonas
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences , Université catholique de Louvain , Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02 , Louvain-la-Neuve 1348 , Belgium
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Karine Glinel
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences , Université catholique de Louvain , Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02 , Louvain-la-Neuve 1348 , Belgium
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Adam Behrens
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Aaron C Anselmo
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Robert S Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Ana Jaklenec
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 500 Main Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Geng W, Wang L, Jiang N, Cao J, Xiao YX, Wei H, Yetisen AK, Yang XY, Su BL. Single cells in nanoshells for the functionalization of living cells. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3112-3129. [PMID: 29393952 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08556g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the characteristics of cells in live organisms, new types of hybrids have been designed comprising live cells and abiotic materials having a variety of structures and functionalities. The major goal of these studies is to uncover hybridization approaches that promote cell stabilization and enable the introduction of new functions into living cells. Single-cells in nanoshells have great potential in a large number of applications including bioelectronics, cell protection, cell therapy, and biocatalysis. In this review, we discuss the results of investigations that have focused on the synthesis, structuration, functionalization, and applications of these single-cells in nanoshells. We describe synthesis methods to control the structural and functional features of single-cells in nanoshells, and further develop their applications in sustainable energy, environmental remediation, green biocatalysis, and smart cell therapy. Perceived limitations of single-cells in nanoshells have been also identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee WT, Wu YN, Chen YH, Wu SR, Shih TM, Li TJ, Yang LX, Yeh CS, Tsai PJ, Shieh DB. Octahedron Iron Oxide Nanocrystals Prohibited Clostridium difficile Spore Germination and Attenuated Local and Systemic Inflammation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8124. [PMID: 28811642 PMCID: PMC5558001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical management of Clostridium difficile infection is still far from satisfactory as bacterial spores are resistant to many chemical agents and physical treatments. Certain types of nanoparticles have been demonstrated to exhibit anti-microbial efficacy even in multi-drug resistance bacteria. However, most of these studies failed to show biocompatibility to the mammalian host cells and no study has revealed in vivo efficacy in C. difficile infection animal models. The spores treated with 500 µg/mL Fe3-δO4 nanoparticles for 20 minutes, 64% of the spores were inhibited from transforming into vegetative cells, which was close to the results of the sodium hypochlorite-treated positive control. By cryo-electron micro-tomography, we demonstrated that Fe3-δO4 nanoparticles bind on spore surfaces and reduce the dipicolinic acid (DPA) released by the spores. In a C. difficile infection animal model, the inflammatory level triple decreased in mice with colonic C. difficile spores treated with Fe3-δO4 nanoparticles. Histopathological analysis showed a decreased intense neutrophil accumulation in the colon tissue of the Fe3-δO4 nanoparticle-treated mice. Fe3-δO4 nanoparticles, which had no influence on gut microbiota and apparent side effects in vivo, were efficacious inhibitors of C. difficile spore germination by attacking its surface and might become clinically feasible for prophylaxis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Lee
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Na Wu
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Rung Wu
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Miao Shih
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ju Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Li-Xing Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
| | - Dar-Bin Shieh
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 704, Taiwan. .,Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ribeiro RC, Pal D, Jamieson D, Rankin KS, Benning M, Dalgarno KW, Ferreira AM. Temporary Single-Cell Coating for Bioprocessing with a Cationic Polymer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:12967-12974. [PMID: 28323412 PMCID: PMC5402297 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Temporary single-cell coating is a useful tool for cell processing, allowing manipulation of cells to prevent cell attachment and agglomeration, before re-establishing normal cell function. In this work, a speckled coating method using a known polycation [poly(l-lysine), PLL] is described to induce cell surface electrostatic charges on three different cell types, namely, two bone cancer cell lines and fibroblasts. The morphology of the PLL speckled coating on the cell surface, internalization and metabolization of the polymer, and prevention of cellular aggregations are reported. Polymer concentration was found to be the key parameter controlling both capsule morphology and cell health. This approach allows a temporary cell coating over the course of 1-2 h, with cells exhibiting phenotypically normal behavior after ingesting and metabolizing the polymer. The process offers a fast and efficient alternative to aid single-cell manipulation for bioprocessing applications. Preliminary work on the application of PLL speckled cell coating in enabling reliable bioprinting is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo
D. C. Ribeiro
- School
of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle
University, Newcastle
Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research
Centre, Northern
Institute for Cancer Research, and Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Deepali Pal
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research
Centre, Northern
Institute for Cancer Research, and Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - David Jamieson
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research
Centre, Northern
Institute for Cancer Research, and Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Kenneth S. Rankin
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research
Centre, Northern
Institute for Cancer Research, and Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K.
| | - Matthew Benning
- School
of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle
University, Newcastle
Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Kenneth W. Dalgarno
- School
of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle
University, Newcastle
Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| | - Ana M. Ferreira
- School
of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle
University, Newcastle
Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kim JY, Lee H, Park T, Park J, Kim MH, Cho H, Youn W, Kang SM, Choi IS. Artificial Spores: Cytocompatible Coating of Living Cells with Plant-Derived Pyrogallol. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3183-3187. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yup Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hojae Lee
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Taegyun Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea, St. Mary's Hospital; Seoul 06591 Korea
| | - Mi-Hee Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyeoncheol Cho
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Wongu Youn
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Sung Min Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research; Department of Chemistry; KAIST; Daejeon 34141 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Silva JM, Reis RL, Mano JF. Biomimetic Extracellular Environment Based on Natural Origin Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:4308-42. [PMID: 27435905 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of biomaterials is a well-known approach to enable an adequate biointerface between the implant and the surrounding tissue, dictating the initial acceptance or rejection of the implantable device. Since its discovery in early 1990s layer-by-layer (LbL) approaches have become a popular and attractive technique to functionalize the biomaterials surface and also engineering various types of objects such as capsules, hollow tubes, and freestanding membranes in a controllable and versatile manner. Such versatility enables the incorporation of different nanostructured building blocks, including natural biopolymers, which appear as promising biomimetic multilayered systems due to their similarity to human tissues. In this review, the potential of natural origin polymer-based multilayers is highlighted in hopes of a better understanding of the mechanisms behind its use as building blocks of LbL assembly. A deep overview on the recent progresses achieved in the design, fabrication, and applications of natural origin multilayered films is provided. Such films may lead to novel biomimetic approaches for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, implantable devices, cell-based biosensors, diagnostic systems, and basic cell biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana M Silva
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu J, Falke S, Drobot B, Oberthuer D, Kikhney A, Guenther T, Fahmy K, Svergun D, Betzel C, Raff J. Analysis of self-assembly of S-layer protein slp-B53 from Lysinibacillus sphaericus. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2016; 46:77-89. [PMID: 27270294 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of stable and functional surface layers (S-layers) via self-assembly of surface-layer proteins on the cell surface is a dynamic and complex process. S-layers facilitate a number of important biological functions, e.g., providing protection and mediating selective exchange of molecules and thereby functioning as molecular sieves. Furthermore, S-layers selectively bind several metal ions including uranium, palladium, gold, and europium, some of them with high affinity. Most current research on surface layers focuses on investigating crystalline arrays of protein subunits in Archaea and bacteria. In this work, several complementary analytical techniques and methods have been applied to examine structure-function relationships and dynamics for assembly of S-layer protein slp-B53 from Lysinibacillus sphaericus: (1) The secondary structure of the S-layer protein was analyzed by circular dichroism spectroscopy; (2) Small-angle X-ray scattering was applied to gain insights into the three-dimensional structure in solution; (3) The interaction with bivalent cations was followed by differential scanning calorimetry; (4) The dynamics and time-dependent assembly of S-layers were followed by applying dynamic light scattering; (5) The two-dimensional structure of the paracrystalline S-layer lattice was examined by atomic force microscopy. The data obtained provide essential structural insights into the mechanism of S-layer self-assembly, particularly with respect to binding of bivalent cations, i.e., Mg2+ and Ca2+. Furthermore, the results obtained highlight potential applications of S-layers in the fields of micromaterials and nanobiotechnology by providing engineered or individual symmetric thin protein layers, e.g., for protective, antimicrobial, or otherwise functionalized surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.,Bioengineering Faculty, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Huixing Rd., Xueyuan Street 180, Zigong, 643000, Sichuan, China
| | - Sven Falke
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bjoern Drobot
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominik Oberthuer
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL), DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Kikhney
- EMBL Hamburg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Guenther
- Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karim Fahmy
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dmitri Svergun
- EMBL Hamburg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Notkestr. 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Betzel
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Raff
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany. .,Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Oliveira MB, Hatami J, Mano JF. Coating Strategies Using Layer-by-layer Deposition for Cell Encapsulation. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:1753-64. [PMID: 27213990 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique is widely used to develop multilayered films based on the directed assembly of complementary materials. In the last decade, thin multilayers prepared by LbL deposition have been applied in biological fields, namely, for cellular encapsulation, due to their versatile processing and tunable properties. Their use was suggested as an alternative approach to overcome the drawbacks of bulk hydrogels, for endocrine cells transplantation or tissue engineering approaches, as effective cytoprotective agents, or as a way to control cell division. Nanostructured multilayered materials are currently used in the nanomodification of the surfaces of single cells and cell aggregates, and are also suitable as coatings for cell-laden hydrogels or other biomaterials, which may later be transformed to highly permeable hollow capsules. In this Focus Review, we discuss the applications of LbL cell encapsulation in distinct fields, including cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and biotechnological applications. Insights regarding practical aspects required to employ LbL for cell encapsulation are also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Javad Hatami
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Catania C, Thomas AW, Bazan GC. Tuning cell surface charge in E. coli with conjugated oligoelectrolytes. Chem Sci 2015; 7:2023-2029. [PMID: 29899927 PMCID: PMC5968544 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03046c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated oligoelectrolytes intercalate into and associate with membranes, thereby changing the surface charge of microbes, as determined by zeta potential measurements.
Cationic conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) varying in length and structural features are compared with respect to their association with E. coli and their effect on cell surface charge as determined by zeta potential measurements. Regardless of structural features, at high staining concentrations COEs with longer molecular dimensions associate less, but neutralize the negative surface charge of E. coli to a greater degree than shorter COEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Catania
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Alexander W Thomas
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA.,Center for Polymers and Organic Solids , Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nguyen TD, Guyot S, Lherminier J, Wache Y, Saurel R, Husson F. Protection of living yeast cells by micro-organized shells of natural polyelectrolytes. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
30
|
Chen W, Fu L, Chen X. Improving cell-based therapies by nanomodification. J Control Release 2015; 219:560-575. [PMID: 26423238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies are emerging as a promising approach for various diseases. Their therapeutic efficacy depends on rational control and regulation of the functions and behaviors of cells during their treatments. Different from conventional regulatory strategy by chemical adjuvants or genetic engineering, which is restricted by limited synergistic regulatory efficiency or uncertain safety problems, a novel approach based on nanoscale artificial materials can be applied to modify living cells to endow them with novel functions and unique properties. Inspired by natural "nano shell" and "nano compass" structures, cell nanomodification can be developed through both external and internal pathways. In this review, some novel cell surface engineering and intracellular nanoconjugation strategies are summarized. Their potential applications are also discussed, including cell protection, cell labeling, targeted delivery and in situ regulation. It is believed that these novel cell-material complexes can have great potentials for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China; Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rathore S, Wan Sia Heng P, Chan LW. Microencapsulation of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 spores in gellan gum microspheres for the production of biobutanol. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:290-9. [PMID: 25761520 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1017617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to provide further insights on the applicability of microencapsulation using emulsification method, to immobilise Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 spores, for biobutanol production. The encapsulated spores were revived using heat shock treatment and the fermentation efficiency of the resultant encapsulated cells was compared with that of the free (non-encapsulated) cells. The microspheres were easily recovered from the fermentation medium by filtration and reused up to five cycles of fermentation. In contrast, the free (non-encapsulated) cells could be reused for two cycles only. The microspheres remained intact throughout repeated use. Although significant cell leakage was observed during the course of fermentation, the microspheres could be reused with relatively high butanol yield, demonstrating their role as microbial cell nurseries. Both encapsulated and liberated cells contributed to butanol production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Rathore
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Drachuk I, Calabrese R, Harbaugh S, Kelley-Loughnane N, Kaplan DL, Stone M, Tsukruk VV. Silk macromolecules with amino acid-poly(ethylene glycol) grafts for controlling layer-by-layer encapsulation and aggregation of recombinant bacterial cells. ACS NANO 2015; 9:1219-35. [PMID: 25588116 DOI: 10.1021/nn504890z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study introduces double-brush designs of functionalized silk polyelectrolytes based upon regenerated silk fibroin (SF), which is modified with poly-L-lysine (SF-PLL), poly-L-glutamic acid (SF-PGA), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side chains with different grafting architecture and variable amino acid-PEG graft composition for cell encapsulation. The molecular weight of poly amino acids (length of side chains), molecular weight and degree of PEG grafting (D) were varied in order to assess the formation of cytocompatible and robust layer-by-layer (LbL) shells on two types of bacterial cells (Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria). We observed that shells assembled with charged polycationic amino acids adversely effected the properties of microbial cells while promoting the formation of large cell aggregates. In contrast, hydrogen-bonded shells with high PEG grafting density were the most cytocompatible, while promoting formation of stable colloidal suspensions of individual cell encapsulates. The stability to degradation of silk shells (under standard cell incubation procedure) was related to the intrinsic properties of thermodynamic bonding forces, with shells based on electrostatic interactions having stronger resistance to deterioration compared to pure hydrogen-bonded silk shells. By optimizing the charge density of silk polyelectrolytes brushes, as well as the length and the degree of PEG side grafts, robust and cytocompatible cell coatings were engineered that can control aggregation of cells for biosensor devices and other potential biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Drachuk
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang N, Yang XY, Ying GL, Shen L, Liu J, Geng W, Dai LJ, Liu SY, Cao J, Tian G, Sun TL, Li SP, Su BL. "Self-repairing" nanoshell for cell protection. Chem Sci 2015; 6:486-491. [PMID: 28694942 PMCID: PMC5485398 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02638a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-repair is nature's way of protecting living organisms. However, most single cells are inherently less capable of self-repairing, which greatly limits their wide applications. Here, we present a self-assembly approach to create a nanoshell around the cell surface using nanoporous biohybrid aggregates. The biohybrid shells present self-repairing behaviour, resulting in high activity and extended viability of the encapsulated cells (eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells) in harsh micro-environments, such as under UV radiation, natural toxin invasion, high-light radiation and abrupt pH-value changes. Furthermore, an interaction mechanism is proposed and studied, which is successful to guide design and synthesis of self-repairing biohybrid shells using different bioactive molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Xiao-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Guo-Liang Ying
- School of Material Science and Engineering , Wuhan Institute of Technology , 430073 Wuhan , China
| | - Ling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Wei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Ling-Jun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Shao-Yin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92037 , USA .
| | - Ge Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Tao-Lei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Shi-Pu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , 430070 Wuhan , China . ; ;
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry , The University of Namur (FUNDP) , B-5000 Namur , Belgium .
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lee H, Hong D, Choi JY, Kim JY, Lee SH, Kim HM, Yang SH, Choi IS. Layer-by-Layer-Based Silica Encapsulation of Individual Yeast with Thickness Control. Chem Asian J 2014; 10:129-32. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
35
|
Parakhonskiy BV, Yashchenok AM, Konrad M, Skirtach AG. Colloidal micro- and nano-particles as templates for polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:253-64. [PMID: 24594104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal particles play an important role in various areas of material and pharmaceutical sciences, biotechnology, and biomedicine. In this overview we describe micro- and nano-particles used for the preparation of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules and as drug delivery vehicles. An essential feature of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsule preparations is the ability to adsorb polymeric layers onto colloidal particles or templates followed by dissolution of these templates. The choice of the template is determined by various physico-chemical conditions: solvent needed for dissolution, porosity, aggregation tendency, as well as release of materials from capsules. Historically, the first templates were based on melamine formaldehyde, later evolving towards more elaborate materials such as silica and calcium carbonate. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed here in comparison to non-particulate templates such as red blood cells. Further steps in this area include development of anisotropic particles, which themselves can serve as delivery carriers. We provide insights into application of particles as drug delivery carriers in comparison to microcapsules templated on them.
Collapse
|
36
|
Park JH, Yang SH, Lee J, Ko EH, Hong D, Choi IS. Nanocoating of single cells: from maintenance of cell viability to manipulation of cellular activities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:2001-2010. [PMID: 24452932 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The chronological progresses in single-cell nanocoating are described. The historical developments in the field are divided into biotemplating, cytocompatible nanocoating, and cells in nano-nutshells, depending on the main research focuses. Each subfield is discussed in conjunction with the others, regarding how and why to manipulate living cells by nanocoating at the single-cell level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hun Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Skorb EV, Möhwald H. 25th anniversary article: Dynamic interfaces for responsive encapsulation systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5029-5043. [PMID: 24000161 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation systems are urgently needed both as micrometer and sub-micrometer capsules for active chemicals' delivery, to encapsulate biological objects and capsules immobilized on surfaces for a wide variety of advanced applications. Methods for encapsulation, prolonged storage and controllable release are discussed in this review. Formation of stimuli responsive systems via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, as well as via mobile chemical bonding (hydrogen bonds, chemisorptions) and formation of special dynamic stoppers are presented. The most essential advances of the systems presented are multifunctionality and responsiveness to a multitude of stimuli - the possibility of formation of multi-modal systems. Specific examples of advanced applications - drug delivery, diagnostics, tissue engineering, lab-on-chip and organ-on-chip, bio-sensors, membranes, templates for synthesis, optical systems, and antifouling, self-healing materials and coatings - are provided. Finally, we try to outline emerging developments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V Skorb
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, Golm, 14424, Germany; Chemistry Department Belarusian State University, Leningradskaya str. 14, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bio-inspired encapsulation and functionalization of living cells with artificial shells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 113:483-500. [PMID: 24120320 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In nature, most single cells do not have structured shells to provide extensive protection apart from diatoms and radiolarians. Fabrication of biomimetic structures based on living cells encapsulated with artificial shells has a great impact on the area of cell-based sensors and devices as well as fundamental studies in cell biology. The past decade has witnessed a rapid increase of research concerning the new fabrication strategies, functionalization and applications of this kind of encapsulated cells. In this review, the latest fabrication strategies on how to encapsulate living cells with functional shells based on the diversity of artificial shells are discussed: hydrogel matrix shells, sol-gel shells, polymeric shells, and induced mineral shells. Classical different types of artificial shells are introduced and their advantages and disadvantages are compared and explained. The biomedical applications of encapsulated cells with particular emphasis on cell implant protection, cell separation, biosensors, cell therapy and tissue engineering are also described and a recap of this review and the future perspectives on these active areas is given finally.
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang B, Liu P, Liu Z, Pan H, Xu X, Tang R. Biomimetic construction of cellular shell by adjusting the interfacial energy. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 111:386-95. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wang
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
- Institute for Translational Medicine and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University; School of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
| | - Peng Liu
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Haihua Pan
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Xurong Xu
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Ruikang Tang
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hong D, Park M, Yang SH, Lee J, Kim YG, Choi IS. Artificial spores: cytoprotective nanoencapsulation of living cells. Trends Biotechnol 2013; 31:442-7. [PMID: 23791238 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this Opinion we discuss the development of artificial spores and their maturation as an independent field of research. The robust cell-in-shell structures have displayed unprecedented characteristics, which include the retardation of cell division and extensive cytoprotective capabilities that encompass exposure to osmotic pressure, shear force, heat, UV radiation, and lytic enzymes. Additionally, the nanothin shells act as highly versatile scaffolds for chemical functionalization to equip cells for implementation in tissue engineering, biosensors, cell therapy, or other biotechnological applications. We also explore the future direction of this emerging field and dictate that the next phase of research should focus on attaining more intricate engineering to achieve stimulus-responsive shell-degradation, multilayer casings with orthogonal functions, and the encapsulation of multiple cells for multicellular artificial spores.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daewha Hong
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Okada T, Uto K, Sasai M, Lee CM, Ebara M, Aoyagi T. Nano-decoration of the Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) using a layer-by-layer assembly technique. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:7384-7392. [PMID: 23441859 DOI: 10.1021/la304572s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we created a nanoscale layer of hyaluronic acid (HA) on the inactivated Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) via a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique for CD-44 targeted delivery. HVJ-E was selected as the template virus because it has shown a tumor-suppressing ability by eliciting inflammatory cytokine production in dendritic cells. Although it has been required to increase the tumor-targeting ability and reduce nonspecific binding because HVJ-E fuses with virtually all cells and induces hemagglutination in the bloodstream, complete modifications of single-envelope-type viruses with HA have been difficult. Therefore, we studied the surface ζ potential of HVJ-E at different pH values and carefully examined the deposition conditions for the first layer using three cationic polymers: poly-L-lysine (PLL), chitosan (CH), and glycol chitosan (GC). GC-coated HVJ-E particles showed the highest disperse ability under physiological pH and salt conditions without aggregation. An HA layer was then prepared via alternating deposition of HA and GC. The successive decoration of multilayers on HVJ-E has been confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ potentials, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). An enzymatic degradation assay revealed that only the outermost HA layer was selectively degraded by hyaluronidase. However, entire layers were destabilized at lower pH. Therefore, the HA/GC-coated HVJ-E describe here can be thought of as a potential bomb for cancer immunotherapy because of the ability of targeting CD44 as well as the explosion of nanodecorated HA/GC layers at endosomal pH while preventing nonspecific binding at physiological pH and salt conditions such as in the bloodstream or normal tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Okada
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang SH, Hong D, Lee J, Ko EH, Choi IS. Artificial spores: cytocompatible encapsulation of individual living cells within thin, tough artificial shells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:178-186. [PMID: 23124994 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cells are encapsulated individually within thin and tough shells in a cytocompatible way, by mimicking the structure of bacterial endospores that survive under hostile conditions. The 3D 'cell-in-shell' structures-coined as 'artificial spores'-enable modulation and control over cellular metabolism, such as control of cell division, resistance to external stresses, and surface-functionalizability, providing a useful platform for applications, including cell-based sensors, cell therapy, regenerative medicine, as well as for fundamental studies on cellular metabolism at the single-cell level and cell-to-cell communications. This Concept focuses on chemical approaches to single-cell encapsulation with artificial shells for creating artificial spores, including cross-linked layer-by-layer assembly, bioinspired mineralization, and mussel-inspired polymerization. The current status and future prospects of this emerging field are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Ho Yang
- Department of Chemistry Education, Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk 363-791, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Konnova SA, Sharipova IR, Demina TA, Osin YN, Yarullina DR, Ilinskaya ON, Lvov YM, Fakhrullin RF. Biomimetic cell-mediated three-dimensional assembly of halloysite nanotubes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4208-10. [PMID: 23292434 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc38254g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetic architectural assembly of clay nanotube shells on yeast cells was demonstrated producing viable artificial hybrid inorganic-cellular structures (armoured cells). These modified cells were preserved for one generation resulting in the intact second generation of cells with delayed germination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A Konnova
- Biomaterials and Nanomaterials Group, Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Idel buye/Volga region) Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan 420008, RF
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lederer FL, Günther TJ, Weinert U, Raff J, Pollmann K. Development of functionalised polyelectrolyte capsules using filamentous Escherichia coli cells. Microb Cell Fact 2012; 11:163. [PMID: 23259586 PMCID: PMC3546914 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-11-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Escherichia coli is one of the best studied microorganisms and finds multiple applications especially as tool in the heterologous production of interesting proteins of other organisms. The heterologous expression of special surface (S-) layer proteins caused the formation of extremely long E. coli cells which leave transparent tubes when they divide into single E. coli cells. Such natural structures are of high value as bio-templates for the development of bio-inorganic composites for many applications. In this study we used genetically modified filamentous Escherichia coli cells as template for the design of polyelectrolyte tubes that can be used as carrier for functional molecules or particles. Diversity of structures of biogenic materials has the potential to be used to construct inorganic or polymeric superior hybrid materials that reflect the form of the bio-template. Such bio-inspired materials are of great interest in diverse scientific fields like Biology, Chemistry and Material Science and can find application for the construction of functional materials or the bio-inspired synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles. Results Genetically modified filamentous E. coli cells were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde and coated with alternating six layers of the polyanion polyelectrolyte poly(sodium-4styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and polycation polyelectrolyte poly(allylamine-hydrochloride) (PAH). Afterwards we dissolved the E. coli cells with 1.2% sodium hypochlorite, thus obtaining hollow polyelectrolyte tubes of 0.7 μm in diameter and 5–50 μm in length. For functionalisation the polyelectrolyte tubes were coated with S-layer protein polymers followed by metallisation with Pd(0) particles. These assemblies were analysed with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Conclusion The thus constructed new material offers possibilities for diverse applications like novel catalysts or metal nanowires for electrical devices. The novelty of this work is the use of filamentous E. coli templates and the use of S-layer proteins in a new material construct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska L Lederer
- Helmholtz-Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01314, Dresden, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ye C, Drachuk I, Calabrese R, Dai H, Kaplan DL, Tsukruk VV. Permeability and micromechanical properties of silk ionomer microcapsules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12235-44. [PMID: 22834790 DOI: 10.1021/la302455y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We studied the pH-responsive behavior of layer-by-layer (LbL) microcapsules fabricated from silk fibroin chemically modified with different poly amino acid side chains: cationic (silk-poly L-lysine, SF-PL) or anionic (silk-poly-L-glutamic acid, SF-PG). We observed that stable ultrathin shell microcapsules can be assembled with a dramatic increase in swelling, thickness, and microroughness at extremely acidic (pH < 2.5) and basic (pH > 11.0) conditions without noticeable disintegration. These changes are accompanied by dramatic changes in shell permeability with a 2 orders of magnitude increase in the diffusion coefficient. Moreover, the silk ionomer shells undergo remarkable softening with a drop in Young's modulus by more than 1 order of magnitude due to the swelling, stretching, and increase in material porosity. The ability to control permeability and mechanical properties over a wide range for the silk-based microcapsules, with distinguishing stability under harsh environmental conditions, provides an important system for controlled loading and release and applications in bioengineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P R China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yi Q, Wen D, Sukhorukov GB. UV-cross-linkable multilayer microcapsules made of weak polyelectrolytes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:10822-10829. [PMID: 22731124 DOI: 10.1021/la300999b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microcapsules composed of weak polyelectrolytes modified with UV-responsive benzophenone (BP) groups were fabricated by the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. Being exposed to UV lights, capsules shrunk in the time course of minutes at irradiation intensity of 5 mW/cm(2). The shrinkage adjusted the capsule permeability, providing a novel way to encapsulate fluorescence-labeled dextran molecules without heating. Cross-linking within the capsule shells based on hydrogen abstraction via excited benzophenone units by UV showed a reliable and swift approach to tighten and stabilize the capsule shell without losing the pH-responsive properties of the weak polyelectrolyte multilayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangying Yi
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Eby DM, Harbaugh S, Tatum RN, Farrington KE, Kelley-Loughnane N, Johnson GR. Bacterial sunscreen: layer-by-layer deposition of UV-absorbing polymers on whole-cell biosensors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:10521-10527. [PMID: 22694254 DOI: 10.1021/la3014514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
UV-protective coatings on live bacterial cells were created from the assembly of cationic and UV-absorbing anionic polyelectrolytes using layer-by-layer (LbL) methodology. A cationic polymer (polyallylamine) and three different anionic polymers with varying absorbance in the UV range (poly(vinyl sulfate), poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid), and humic acid) were used to encapsulate Escherichia coli cells with two different green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression systems: constitutive expression of a UV-excitable GFP (GFPuv) and regulated expression of the intensely fluorescent GFP from amphioxus (GFPa1) through a theophylline-inducible riboswitch. Riboswitches activate protein expression after specific ligand-RNA binding events. Hence, they operate as a cellular biosensor that will activate reporter protein synthesis after exposure to a ligand target. E. coli cells coated with UV-absorbing polymers demonstrated enhanced protection of GFP stability, metabolic activity, and viability after prolonged exposure to radiation from a germicidal lamp. The results show the effectiveness of LbL coatings to provide UV protection to living cells for biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Matthew Eby
- Universal Technology Corporation and Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Tyndall Air Force Base, 139 Barnes Drive, Building 1117, Tyndall AFB, Florida 32403, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fakhrullin RF, Lvov YM. "Face-lifting" and "make-up" for microorganisms: layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte nanocoating. ACS NANO 2012; 6:4557-4564. [PMID: 22612633 DOI: 10.1021/nn301776y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer encapsulation of living biological cells and other microorganisms via sequential adsorption of oppositely charged functional nanoscale components is a promising instrument for engineering cells with enhanced properties and artificial microorganisms. Such nanoarchitectural shells assembled in mild aqueous conditions provide cells with additional abilities, widening their functionality and applications in artificial spore formation, whole-cell biosensors, and fabrication of three-dimensional multicellular clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rawil F Fakhrullin
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Idel buye/Volga region) Federal University, Kreml urami 18, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420008, Russia
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Drachuk I, Shchepelina O, Lisunova M, Harbaugh S, Kelley-Loughnane N, Stone M, Tsukruk VV. pH-responsive layer-by-layer nanoshells for direct regulation of cell activity. ACS NANO 2012; 6:4266-4278. [PMID: 22489604 DOI: 10.1021/nn3008355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells encapsulated with pH-responsive synthetic nanoshells from lightly cross-linked polymethacrylic acid showed a high viability rate of around 90%, an indication of high biocompatibility of synthetic pH-responsive shells. We demonstrated that increasing pH above the isoelectric point of the polymer shell leads to a delay in growth rate; however, it does not affect the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein. We suggest that progressive ionization and charge accumulation within the synthetic shells evoke a structural change in the outer shells which affect the membrane transport. This change facilitates the ability to manipulate growth kinetics and functionality of the cells with the surrounding environment. We observed that hollow layer-by layer nanoshells showed a remarkable degree of reversible swelling/deswelling over a narrow pH range (pH 5.0-6.0), but their assembly directly on the cell surface resulted in the suppression of large dimensional changes. We suggest that the variation in surface charges caused by deprotonation/protonation of carboxylic groups in the nanoshells controlled cell growth and cell function, which can be utilized for external chemical control of cell-based biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Drachuk
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Fakhrullin RF, Zamaleeva AI, Minullina RT, Konnova SA, Paunov VN. Cyborg cells: functionalisation of living cells with polymers and nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:4189-206. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15264a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|