1
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Kaya K, Khalil M, Chi EY, Whitten DG. An Effective Approach to the Disinfection of Pathogens: Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes and Oligomers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:2916-2924. [PMID: 37417798 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes and oligomers have demonstrated great effectiveness and versatility as antimicrobial materials. They have the ability to eliminate or render inactive various pathogens, including viruses like SARS-CoV-2, bacteria, and fungi. These pathogens can be rapidly eradicated when the polyelectrolytes and oligomers are applied as sprays, wipes, or coatings on solid surfaces. Inactivation of the pathogens occurs through two distinct processes: a non-light-activated process similar to Quats, and a more efficient and faster process that is triggered by light. These materials possess fluorescence and photosensitizing properties, enabling prolonged protection when coated on surfaces. The level of fluorescence exhibited by samples applied to nonfluorescent surfaces serves as an indicator of the coating's integrity and viability, making it easily detectable. Importantly, these materials demonstrate low toxicity towards mammalian cells and human skin, allowing for their safe use. While they can serve as durable coatings for pathogen protection, extended exposure to visible or ultraviolet light leads to their photochemical degradation. Our research also suggests that these materials act against pathogens through nonspecific mechanisms, minimizing the likelihood of pathogens developing resistance and rendering the materials ineffective.
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2
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Mateos-Maroto A, E F Rubio J, Prévost S, Maestro A, Rubio RG, Ortega F, Guzmán E. Probing the effect of the capping polyelectrolyte on the internal structure of Layer-by-Layer decorated nanoliposomes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 640:220-229. [PMID: 36863179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The internal organization of polyelectrolyte layers deposited on colloidal templates plays a very important role for the potential applications of these systems as capsules for drug delivery purposes. EXPERIMENTS The mutual arrangement of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte layers upon their deposition on positively charged liposomes has been studied by combining up three different scattering techniques and Electronic Spin Resonance, which has provided information about the inter-layer interactions and their effect on the final structure of the capsules. FINDINGS The sequential deposition of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes on the external leaflet of positively charged liposomes allows modulating the organization of the obtained supramolecular structures, impacting the packing and rigidity of the obtained capsules due to the change of the ionic cross-linking of the multi-layered film as a result of the specific charge of the last deposited layer. The possibility to modulate the properties of the LbL capsules by tuning the characteristics of the last deposited layers offers a very interesting route for the design of materials for encapsulation purposes with their properties controlled almost at will by changing the number of deposited layers and their chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mateos-Maroto
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - José E F Rubio
- Centro de Espectroscopía y Correlación, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CEDEX 9, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Armando Maestro
- Centro de Fı́sica de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center MPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018-San, Sebastián, Spain; IKERBASQUE-Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009-Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ramón G Rubio
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Materia Condensada. Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Guzmán
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Materia Condensada. Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Paseo Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Kumari M, Roy S, Jaiswal A, Kashyap HK. Anionic Lipid Clustering-Mediated Bactericidal Activity and Selective Toxicity of Quaternary Ammonium-Substituted Polycationic Pullulan against the Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Membrane. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8065-8076. [PMID: 35731708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-amphiphilic polycations have recently been recognized to hold excellent antimicrobial potential with great mammalian cell compatibility. In a recent study, the excellent broad-spectrum bactericidal efficacy of a quaternary ammonium-substituted cationic pullulan (CP4) was demonstrated. Their selective toxicity and nominal probability to induce the acquisition of resistance among pathogens fulfill the fundamental requirements of new-generation antibacterials. However, there have been exiguous attempts in the literature to understand the antimicrobial activity of polycations against Gram-positive bacterial membranes. Here, for the first time, we have scrutinized the molecular level interactions of CP4 tetramers with a model Staphylococcus aureus membrane to understand their probable antibacterial function using molecular dynamics simulations. Our analysis reveals that the hydrophilic CP4 molecules are spontaneously adsorbed onto the membrane outer leaflet surface by virtue of strong electrostatic interactions and do not penetrate into the lipid tail hydrophobic region. This surface binding of CP4 is strengthened by the formation of anionic lipid-rich domains in their vicinity, causing lateral compositional heterogeneity. The major outcomes of the asymmetric accumulation of bulky polycationic CP4 on one leaflet are (i) anionic lipid segregation at the interaction site and (ii) a decrease in the cationic lipid acyl tail ordering and ease of water translocation across the lipid hydrophobic barrier. The membrane-CP4 interactions are strongly monitored by the ionic strength; a higher salt concentration weakens the binding of CP4 on the membrane surface. In addition, our study also substantiates the non-interacting behavior of CP4 oligomers with biomimetic 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) membrane, indicating their cell selectivity and specificity against pathogenic membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shounak Roy
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Amit Jaiswal
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175075, India
| | - Hemant K Kashyap
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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4
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Su X, Liu R, Li Y, Han T, Zhang Z, Niu N, Kang M, Fu S, Wang D, Wang D, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Poly(phenyleneethynylene)s for Fluorescence and Raman Dual-Modal Imaging and Drug-Resistant Bacteria Killing. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101167. [PMID: 34606177 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Poly(phenyleneethynylene) (PPE) is a widely used functional conjugated polymer with applications ranging from organic optoelectronics and fluorescence sensors to optical imaging and theranostics. However, the fluorescence efficiency of PPE in aggregate states is generally not as good as their solution states, which greatly compromises their performance in fluorescence-related applications. Herein, a series of PPE derivatives with typical aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties is designed and synthesized. In these PPEs, the diethylamino-substituted tetraphenylethene units function as the long-wavelength AIE source and the alkyl side chains serve as the functionalization site. The obtained AIE-active PPEs with large π-conjugation show strong aggregate-state fluorescence, interesting self-assembly behaviors, inherently enhanced alkyne vibrations in the Raman-silent region of cells, and efficient antibacterial activities. The PPE nanoparticles with good cellular uptake capability can clearly and sensitively visualize the tumor region and residual tumors via their fluorescence and Raman signals, respectively, to benefit the precise tumor resection surgery. After post-functionalization, the obtained PPE-based polyelectrolyte can preferentially image bacteria over mammalian cells and possesses efficient photodynamic killing capability against Gram-positive and drug-resistant bacteria. This work provides a feasible design strategy for developing functional conjugated polymers with multimodal imaging capability as well as photodynamic antimicrobial ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Su
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
| | - Ruihua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Ying Li
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ting Han
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Niu Niu
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Miaomiao Kang
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Shuang Fu
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Deliang Wang
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong 518172 China
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5
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Molotkovsky RJ, Galimzyanov TR, Ermakov YA. Heterogeneity in Lateral Distribution of Polycations at the Surface of Lipid Membrane: From the Experimental Data to the Theoretical Model. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6623. [PMID: 34772149 PMCID: PMC8585412 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural and synthetic polycations of different kinds attract substantial attention due to an increasing number of their applications in the biomedical industry and in pharmacology. The key characteristic determining the effectiveness of the majority of these applications is the number of macromolecules adsorbed on the surface of biological cells or their lipid models. Their study is complicated by a possible heterogeneity of polymer layer adsorbed on the membrane. Experimental methods reflecting the structure of the layer include the electrokinetic measurements in liposome suspension and the boundary potential of planar bilayer lipid membranes (BLM) and lipid monolayers with a mixed composition of lipids and the ionic media. In the review, we systematically analyze the methods of experimental registration and theoretical description of the laterally heterogeneous structures in the polymer layer published in the literature and in our previous studies. In particular, we consider a model based on classical theory of the electrical double layer, used to analyze the available data of the electrokinetic measurements in liposome suspension with polylysines of varying molecular mass. This model suggests a few parameters related to the heterogeneity of the polymer layer and allows determining the conditions for its appearance at the membrane surface. A further development of this theoretical approach is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodion J. Molotkovsky
- Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry, A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119071 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Yury A. Ermakov
- Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry, A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31/4 Leninskiy Prospekt, 119071 Moscow, Russia;
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6
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Clark S, Jowitt TA, Harris LK, Knight CG, Dobson CB. The lexicon of antimicrobial peptides: a complete set of arginine and tryptophan sequences. Commun Biol 2021; 4:605. [PMID: 34021253 PMCID: PMC8140080 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the activity of cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has focused on well-characterized natural sequences, or limited sets of synthetic peptides designed de novo. We have undertaken a comprehensive investigation of the underlying primary structural features that give rise to the development of activity in AMPs. We consider a complete set of all possible peptides, up to 7 residues long, composed of positively charged arginine (R) and / or hydrophobic tryptophan (W), two features most commonly associated with activity. We found the shortest active peptides were 4 or 5 residues in length, and the overall landscapes of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and a yeast were positively correlated. For all three organisms we found a single activity peak corresponding to sequences with around 40% R; the presence of adjacent W duplets and triplets also conferred greater activity. The mechanistic basis of these activities comprises a combination of lipid binding, particularly to negatively charged membranes, and additionally peptide aggregation, a mode of action previously uninvestigated for such peptides. The maximum specific antimicrobial activity appeared to occur in peptides of around 10 residues, suggesting ‘diminishing returns’ for developing larger peptides, when activity is considered per residue of peptide. Clark et al. comprehensively explore the primary structural features underlying the activity of a complete set of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). They find that the shortest active peptides were 4 or 5 residues in length, with activity being associated with 40% arginine, and multiple adjacent tryptophan residues. This study provides insights into the design of effective AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Clark
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Thomas A Jowitt
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Lynda K Harris
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.,Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, The University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.,St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher G Knight
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Curtis B Dobson
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
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7
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Wei G, Yang G, Wang Y, Jiang H, Fu Y, Yue G, Ju R. Phototherapy-based combination strategies for bacterial infection treatment. Theranostics 2020; 10:12241-12262. [PMID: 33204340 PMCID: PMC7667673 DOI: 10.7150/thno.52729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nanomedicine is expected to provide an innovative direction for addressing challenges associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In the past decades, although nanotechnology-based phototherapy has been developed for antimicrobial treatment since it rarely causes bacterial resistance, the clinical application of single-mode phototherapy has been limited due to poor tissue penetration of light sources. Therefore, combinatorial strategies are being developed. In this review, we first summarized the current phototherapy agents, which were classified into two functional categories: organic phototherapy agents (e.g., small molecule photosensitizers, small molecule photosensitizer-loaded nanoparticles and polymer-based photosensitizers) and inorganic phototherapy agents (e.g., carbo-based nanomaterials, metal-based nanomaterials, composite nanomaterials and quantum dots). Then the development of emerging phototherapy-based combinatorial strategies, including combination with chemotherapy, combination with chemodynamic therapy, combination with gas therapy, and multiple combination therapy, are presented and future directions are further discussed. The purpose of this review is to highlight the potential of phototherapy to deal with bacterial infections and to propose that the combination therapy strategy is an effective way to solve the challenges of single-mode phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wei
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, PR China
| | - Hezhong Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, PR China
| | - Yiyong Fu
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
| | - Guang Yue
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
| | - Rong Ju
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China
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8
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Kopec W, Żak A, Jamróz D, Nakahata R, Yusa SI, Gapsys V, Kepczynski M. Polycation-Anionic Lipid Membrane Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12435-12450. [PMID: 33058724 PMCID: PMC7594277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural or synthetic polycations are used as biocides or as drug/gene carriers. Understanding the interactions between these macromolecules and cell membranes at the molecular level is therefore of great importance for the design of effective polymer biocides or biocompatible polycation-based delivery systems. Until now, details of the processes at the interface between polycations and biological systems have not been fully recognized. In this study, we consider the effect of strong polycations with quaternary ammonium groups on the properties of anionic lipid membranes that we use as a model system for protein-free cell membranes. For this purpose, we employed experimental measurements and atomic-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations reveal that the polycations are strongly hydrated in the aqueous phase and do not lose the water shell after adsorption at the bilayer surface. As a result of strong hydration, the polymer chains reside at the phospholipid headgroup and do not penetrate to the acyl chain region. The polycation adsorption involves the formation of anionic lipid-rich domains, and the density of anionic lipids in these domains depends on the length of the polycation chain. We observed the accumulation of anionic lipids only in the leaflet interacting with the polymer, which leads to the formation of compositionally asymmetric domains. Asymmetric adsorption of the polycation on only one leaflet of the anionic membrane strongly affects the membrane properties in the polycation-membrane contact areas: (i) anionic lipid accumulates in the region near the adsorbed polymer, (ii) acyl chain ordering and lipid packing are reduced, which results in a decrease in the thickness of the bilayer, and (iii) polycation-anionic membrane interactions are strongly influenced by the presence and concentration of salt. Our results provide an atomic-scale description of the interactions of polycations with anionic lipid bilayers and are fully supported by the experimental data. The outcomes are important for understanding the correlation of the structure of polycations with their activity on biomembranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kopec
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
- Computational
Biomolecular Dynamics Group, Max Planck
Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Agata Żak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Jamróz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Rina Nakahata
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Yusa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, University of Hyogo, 2167 Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Vytautas Gapsys
- Computational
Biomolecular Dynamics Group, Max Planck
Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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9
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Zhang W, Metzger JM, Hackel BJ, Bates FS, Lodge TP. Influence of the Headgroup on the Interaction of Poly(ethylene oxide)-Poly(propylene oxide) Block Copolymers with Lipid Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2417-2424. [PMID: 32175743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The lipid headgroup plays an important role in the association of polymers with lipid bilayer membranes. Herein, we report how a glycerol headgroup versus a choline headgroup affects the interaction of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide) (PEO-PPO) block copolymers with lipid bilayer vesicles. Unilamellar vesicles composed of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol at various molar ratios were used as model membranes. The interactions between the block copolymers and lipid bilayers were quantified by pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) based on the distinctly different mobilities of free and bound polymers. All the investigated polymer species showed significantly higher binding with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) sodium salt (POPG) liposomes than with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) liposomes, indicating stronger association with the glycerol headgroup compared to the choline headgroup. This effect did not become significant until the composition of mixed POPC/POPG liposomes contained more than 20 mol % POPG. A plausible explanation for the enhanced polymer binding with POPG invokes the role of hydrogen bonding between the glycerol headgroup and the ether moieties of the polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Joseph M Metzger
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Benjamin J Hackel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank S Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy P Lodge
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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10
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Hassoun S, Karam P. Fluorescent-Based Thermal Sensing in Lipid Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:1221-1226. [PMID: 31941281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thermal mapping in biological membranes could unlock and help us understand many chemical and physical processes that do not only pertain to localized membrane phenomena but also extend to many other intra- and extracellular pathways. In this manuscript, we report the development of a ratiometric thermal fluorescent probe based on the Förster resonance energy transfer between a lipid-embedded conjugated polyelectrolyte and a lyophilic acceptor dye. We showed that the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) pair is sensitive within the relevant physiological temperature window (20.0-50.0 °C). The signal was also shielded from an external pH and stable when cycled multiple times. The probe was also sensitive to the membrane composition and could, therefore, be further developed to probe the membrane composition and viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarriah Hassoun
- Chemistry Department , American University of Beirut , P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El-Solh , 1107 2020 Beirut , Lebanon
| | - Pierre Karam
- Chemistry Department , American University of Beirut , P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El-Solh , 1107 2020 Beirut , Lebanon
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11
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Anderson CL, Dai N, Teat SJ, He B, Wang S, Liu Y. Electronic Tuning of Mixed Quinoidal‐Aromatic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Direct Ionic Substitution on Polymer Main‐Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Anderson
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Nan Dai
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Bo He
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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12
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Anderson CL, Dai N, Teat SJ, He B, Wang S, Liu Y. Electronic Tuning of Mixed Quinoidal‐Aromatic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Direct Ionic Substitution on Polymer Main‐Chains. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17978-17985. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Anderson
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Nan Dai
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Bo He
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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13
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Feng Y, Sun W, Wang X, Zhou Q. Selective Photoinactivation of Methicillin‐Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
by Highly Positively Charged Ru
II
Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:13879-13884. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feng
- Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Wei‐Ze Sun
- Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Xue‐Song Wang
- Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Qian‐Xiong Zhou
- Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P.R. China
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14
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Zhou Z, Ergene C, Lee JY, Shirley DJ, Carone BR, Caputo GA, Palermo EF. Sequence and Dispersity Are Determinants of Photodynamic Antibacterial Activity Exerted by Peptidomimetic Oligo(thiophene)s. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1896-1906. [PMID: 30574776 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A library of functionalized oligo(thiophene)s with precisely controlled chain length, regioregularity, sequence, and pendant moieties in the side chains was prepared by iterative convergent/divergent organometallic couplings. The cationic and facially amphiphilic structures were designed to mimic the salient physiochemical features of host defense peptides (HDPs) while concurrently exerting a photodynamic mechanism of antibacterial activity. In the dark, the oligothiophenes exert broad-spectrum and rapid bactericidal activity in the micromolar regime, which is the typical range of HDP activity. Under visible light, the antibacterial potency is enhanced by orders of magnitude, leading to potency in the nanomolar concentration range, whereas the toxicity to red blood cells (RBCs) is almost unaffected by the same visible light exposure. We attribute the potent and selective antibacterial activity to a dual mechanism of action that involves bacterial cell binding, combined with reactive oxygen species production in the bound state. Comonomer sequence and chain length dispersity play important roles in dictating the observed biological activities. The most promising candidate compound from a set of screening experiments showed antibacterial activity that is 3 orders of magnitude more potent against bacteria relative to toxicity against RBCs. Importantly, this compound did not induce resistance upon 21 subinhibitory passages, whereas the activity of ciprofloxacin was reduced 32× in the same condition. Cytotoxicity against HeLa cells in vitro is orders of magnitude weaker than antibacterial activity under visible light illumination. Thus, we have established a new class of HDP-mimetic antibacterial compounds with nanomolar activity and cell type selectivity of greater than 1300-fold. These and related compounds may be highly promising candidates in the urgent search for new topical photodynamic antibacterial formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12054 , United States
| | - Cansu Ergene
- Materials Science and Engineering , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12054 , United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Edmund F Palermo
- Materials Science and Engineering , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy , New York 12054 , United States
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15
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Awasthi N, Kopec W, Wilkosz N, Jamróz D, Hub JS, Zatorska M, Petka R, Nowakowska M, Kepczynski M. Molecular Mechanism of Polycation-Induced Pore Formation in Biomembranes. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:780-794. [PMID: 33405839 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Polycations are an attractive class of macromolecules with promising applications as drug/gene carriers and biocides. The chemical structure and concentration of a polycation determine its interaction with cellular membranes and, hence, are crucial parameters for designing efficient nontoxic polycations. However, the interaction of polycations with biomembranes at the molecular level and the corresponding free-energy landscape is not well understood. In this work, we investigate the molecular mechanism of interaction between a strong polycation substituted with alkyl moieties and zwitterionic membranes via long-time-scale all-atom molecular dynamics simulations and free-energy calculations combined with Langmuir monolayer, atomic force microscopy, and calcein-release experimental measurements. We found that the membrane activity of the polycation and its ability to induce pores in the membranes can be attributed to the polycation-induced changes in the bilayer organization, such as reduced membrane thickness, increased disorder of the acyl chains, reduced packing, and electrostatic field gradients between membrane leaflets. These changes facilitate the penetration of water into the membrane and the formation of aqueous defects/pores. The calculated free-energy profiles indicate that the polycation lowers the nucleation barrier for pore opening and the free energy for pore formation in a concentration-dependent manner. Above the critical coverage of the membrane, the polycation nucleates spontaneous pores in zwitterionic membranes. Our work demonstrates the potential of combining enhanced sampling methods in MD simulations with experiments for a quantitative description of various events in the polycation-membrane interaction cycle, such as strong adsorption on the membrane due to hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, and pore formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Awasthi
- Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-Universität, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wojciech Kopec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Wilkosz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Jamróz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jochen S Hub
- Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-Universität, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maria Zatorska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Petka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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16
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Beto CC, Yang Y, Zeman CJ, Ghiviriga I, Schanze KS, Veige AS. Cu-Catalyzed Azide-Pt-Acetylide Cycloaddition: Progress toward a Conjugated Metallopolymer via iClick. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher C. Beto
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yajing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Charles J. Zeman
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Kirk S. Schanze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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17
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Tu Q, Ma C, Tian C, Yuan M, Han X, Wang DE, Cao C, Wang J. Quantum dots modified with quaternized poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) for selective recognition and killing of bacteria over mammalian cells. Analyst 2018; 141:3328-36. [PMID: 27111264 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00725b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper-free click chemistry has been used to graft quaternized poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (QPA) modified with azide to the quantum dots (QDs) derived with dibenzocyclooctynes (DBCO). The success of the quaternary ammonium polymer-modified QDs was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), fluorescence spectroscopy, zeta (ζ) potential, size distribution, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The QPA-modified QDs exhibited properties of selective recognition and killing of bacteria. The novelty of this study lies in fact that the synthesis method of the antimicrobial QPA-modified QDs is simple. Moreover, from another standpoint, QPA-modified QDs simultaneously possess abilities of selective recognition and killing of bacteria over mammalian cells, which is very different from the currently designed multifunctional antimicrobial systems composed of complicated systematic compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tu
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Chang Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Maosen Yuan
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Xiang Han
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Dong-En Wang
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Chenyu Cao
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Jinyi Wang
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China. and College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
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18
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Abstract
Two essential structural elements define a class of materials called conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs). The first is a polymer framework with an electronically delocalized, π-conjugated structure. This component allows one to adjust desirable optical and electronic properties, for example the range of wavelengths absorbed, emission quantum yields, electron affinity, and ionization potential. The second defining feature is the presence of ionic functionalities, which are usually linked via tethers that can modulate the distance of the charged groups relative to the backbone. These ionic groups render CPEs distinct relative to their neutral conjugated polymer counterparts. Solubility in polar solvents, including aqueous media, is an immediately obvious difference. This feature has enabled the development of optically amplified biosensor protocols and the fabrication of multilayer organic semiconductor devices through deposition techniques using solvents with orthogonal properties. Important but less obvious potential advantages must also be considered. For example, CPE layers have been used to introduce interfacial dipoles and thus modify the effective work function of adjacent electrodes. One can thereby modulate the barriers for charge injection into semiconductor layers and improve the device efficiencies of organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells. With a hydrophobic backbone and hydrophilic ionic sites, CPEs can also be used as dispersants for insoluble materials. Narrow band gap CPEs (NBGCPEs) have been studied only recently. They contain backbones that comprise electron-rich and electron-poor fragments, a combination that leads to intramolecular charge transfer excited states and enables facile oxidation and reduction. One particularly interesting combination is NBGCPEs with anionic sulfonate side groups, for which spontaneous self-doping in aqueous media is observed. That no such doping is observed with cationic NBGCPEs indicates that the interplay between electrostatic forces and the redox chemistry of the organic semiconducting chain is essential for stabilizing the polaronic states and increasing the conductivity of the bulk. Capitalizing upon the properties of NBGCPEs has resulted in a range of new applications. When doped, they can be introduced as interlayers in organic and perovskite solar cells. Single-walled carbon nanotubes can be n- or p-doped with NBGCPEs, depending on whether the same backbone contains attached cationic or anionic side groups, respectively. The resulting dispersions can be used to fabricate flexible thermoelectric devices in which the n- and p-semiconductor legs are nearly identical in terms of chemical composition. Electrostatic interactions with negatively charged cell walls, in combination with the long-wavelength absorption and high photothermal efficiencies, have been used to create effective agents for photothermal killing of bacteria. Additionally, recent results have shown that cationic NBGCPEs can effectively n-dope graphene and that this doping is temperature-dependent. The preferential charge carriers can therefore be chosen to be electrons or holes depending on the applied temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhong Cui
- Department
of Physics, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, P. R. China
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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19
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20
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Chen H, Li M, Liu Z, Hu R, Li S, Guo Y, Lv F, Liu L, Wang Y, Yi Y, Wang S. Design of antibacterial peptide-like conjugated molecule with broad spectrum antimicrobial ability. Sci China Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-017-9034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Chen Z, Yuan H, Liang H. Synthesis of Multifunctional Cationic Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) for Selectively Killing Bacteria and Lysosome-Specific Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:9260-9264. [PMID: 28266207 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a cationic polymer was synthesized to bear quaternized N-methyl-imidazole groups in the side chains. Positively charged PPV-M could selectively bind to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria over fungi and exhibit enhanced antibacterial activity with the aid of white light because PPV-M could sensitize oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that would damage bacteria. In addition, green fluorescent and positively charged PPV-M has the ability to enter mammalian cells and be specifically accumulated in lysosome. Moreover, PPV-M could stay in live cells for a relatively long time, which implies that PPV-M has the potential to be a long-term imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University , Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huanxiang Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University , Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University , Beijing 100048, P. R. China
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22
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Calver CF, Schanze KS, Cosa G. Biomimetic Light-Harvesting Antenna Based on the Self-Assembly of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes Embedded within Lipid Membranes. ACS NANO 2016; 10:10598-10605. [PMID: 27934088 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b07111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we report a biomimetic light-harvesting antenna based on negatively charged poly(phenylene ethynylene) conjugated polyelectrolytes assembled within a positively charged lipid membrane scaffold constructed by the lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP). Light harvested by the polymers was transferred via through-space mechanisms to a lipophilic energy acceptor (the cyanine dye DiI) whose effective molar absorption was enhanced by up to 18-fold due to the antenna effect. Absorption amplification of DiI was found to be due primarily to direct energy transfer from polymers. The efficiency of homoenergy transfer among polymers was next probed by the membrane embedding fullerene derivative phenyl-C61-butryic acid methyl ester (PCBM) acting as an electron acceptor. PCBM was able to quench the emission of up to five polymers, consistent with a modest amount of homotransfer. The ability of the membrane to accommodate a high density of polymer donors without self-quenching was crucial to the success of electronic energy harvesting achieved. This work highlights the potential of lipid membranes as a platform to organize light-harvesting molecules on the nanoscale toward achieving efficient energy transfer to a target chromophore/trap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina F Calver
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures (CSACS/CRMAA), McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Kirk S Schanze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio , One UTSA Way, San Antonio, Texas 78023, United States
| | - Gonzalo Cosa
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures (CSACS/CRMAA), McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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23
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Zhao L, Zhang J, Xu H, Geng H, Cheng Y. Conjugated Polymers/DNA Hybrid Materials for Protein Inactivation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:22923-22929. [PMID: 27533365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI) is a powerful tool for analyzing protein functions due to the high degree of spatial and temporal resolution. In this work, we demonstrate a CALI approach based on conjugated polymers (CPs)/DNA hybrid material for protein inactivation. The target protein is conjugated with single-stranded DNA in advance. Single-stranded DNA can form CPs/DNA hybrid material with cationic CPs via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Through the formation of CPs/DNA hybrid material, the target protein that is conjugated with DNA is brought into close proximity to CPs. Under irradiation, CPs harvest light and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in the inactivation of the adjacent target protein. This approach can efficiently inactivate any target protein which is conjugated with DNA and has good specificity and universality, providing a new strategy for studies of protein function and adjustment of protein activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jiangyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Huiming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Hao Geng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University , Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
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24
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Greene AC, Henderson IM, Gomez A, Paxton WF, VanDelinder V, Bachand GD. The Role of Membrane Fluidization in the Gel-Assisted Formation of Giant Polymersomes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158729. [PMID: 27410487 PMCID: PMC4943728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymersomes are being widely explored as synthetic analogs of lipid vesicles based on their enhanced stability and potential uses in a wide variety of applications in (e.g., drug delivery, cell analogs, etc.). Controlled formation of giant polymersomes for use in membrane studies and cell mimetic systems, however, is currently limited by low-yield production methodologies. Here, we describe for the first time, how the size distribution of giant poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(butadiene) (PEO-PBD) polymersomes formed by gel-assisted rehydration may be controlled based on membrane fluidization. We first show that the average diameter and size distribution of PEO-PBD polymersomes may be readily increased by increasing the temperature of the rehydration solution. Further, we describe a correlative relationship between polymersome size and membrane fluidization through the addition of sucrose during rehydration, enabling the formation of PEO-PBD polymersomes with a range of diameters, including giant-sized vesicles (>100 μm). This correlative relationship suggests that sucrose may function as a small molecule fluidizer during rehydration, enhancing polymer diffusivity during formation and increasing polymersome size. Overall the ability to easily regulate the size of PEO-PBD polymersomes based on membrane fluidity, either through temperature or fluidizers, has broadly applicability in areas including targeted therapeutic delivery and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne C. Greene
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Ian M. Henderson
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Andrew Gomez
- Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Walter F. Paxton
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Virginia VanDelinder
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - George D. Bachand
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Kwolek U, Jamróz D, Janiczek M, Nowakowska M, Wydro P, Kepczynski M. Interactions of Polyethylenimines with Zwitterionic and Anionic Lipid Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5004-5018. [PMID: 27115556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between polyethylenimines (PEIs) and phospholipid membranes are of fundamental importance for various biophysical applications of these polymers such as gene delivery. Despite investigations into the nature of these interactions, their molecular basis remains poorly understood. In this article, we combined experimental methods and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to obtain comprehensive insight into the effect of linear and branched PEIs on zwitterionic and anionic bilayers used as simple models of mammalian cellular membranes. Our results show that PEIs adsorb only partially on the surface of zwitterionic membranes by forming hydrogen bonds to the lipid headgroups, whereas a large part of the polymer chains dangles freely in the aqueous phase. In contrast, PEIs readily adhere to and insert into the anionic membrane. The attraction of the polymer chains to the membrane is due to electrostatic interactions as well as hydrogen bonding between the amine groups of PEI and the phosphate groups of lipids. These interactions were found to induce a substantial reorganization of the bilayer in the polymer vicinity due to the reorientation of lipid molecules. The lipid headgroups were pulled toward the center of the membrane, which can facilitate transmembrane translocations of anionic lipids. Furthermore, the PEI-lipid interactions affect the stability of liposomal dispersions, but we did not see any evidence of disruption of the vesicular structures into small fragments at polymer concentrations typically used in gene therapy. Our results provide a detailed molecular-level description of the lipid organization in the membrane in the presence of polycations that can be useful in understanding their mechanisms of in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Kwolek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Jamróz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Janiczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Wydro
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University , Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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26
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Kahveci Z, Vázquez-Guilló R, Mira A, Martinez L, Falcó A, Mallavia R, Mateo CR. Selective recognition and imaging of bacterial model membranes over mammalian ones by using cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes. Analyst 2016; 141:6287-6296. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an01427e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the use of cationic polyfluorenes as fluorescent markers to selectively recognize bacterial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Kahveci
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- 03202 Elche
- Spain
| | - R. Vázquez-Guilló
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- 03202 Elche
- Spain
| | - A. Mira
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- 03202 Elche
- Spain
| | - L. Martinez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- 03202 Elche
- Spain
| | - A. Falcó
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- 03202 Elche
- Spain
| | - R. Mallavia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- 03202 Elche
- Spain
| | - C. R. Mateo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular
- Universidad Miguel Hernández
- 03202 Elche
- Spain
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27
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Liu J, Hou H, Chen X, Bazan GC, Kashima H, Logan BE. Conjugated oligoelectrolyte represses hydrogen oxidation by Geobacter sulfurreducens in microbial electrolysis cells. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 106:379-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Hinks J, Wang Y, Matysik A, Kraut R, Kjelleberg S, Mu Y, Bazan GC, Wuertz S, Seviour T. Increased Microbial Butanol Tolerance by Exogenous Membrane Insertion Molecules. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3718-3726. [PMID: 26404512 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Butanol is an ideal biofuel, although poor titers lead to high recovery costs by distillation. Fluidization of microbial membranes by butanol is one of the major factors limiting titers in butanol-producing bioprocesses. Starting with the hypothesis that certain membrane insertion molecules would stabilize the lipid bilayer in the presence of butanol, we applied a combination of in vivo and in vitro techniques within an in silico framework to describe a new approach to achieve solvent tolerance in bacteria. Single-molecule tracking of a model supported bilayer showed that COE1-5C, a five-ringed oligo-polyphenylenevinylene conjugated oligoelectrolyte (COE), reduced the diffusion rate of phospholipids in a microbially derived lipid bilayer to a greater extent than three-ringed and four-ringed COEs. Furthermore, COE1-5C treatment increased the specific growth rate of E. coli K12 relative to a control at inhibitory butanol concentrations. Consequently, to confer butanol tolerance to microbes by exogenous means is complementary to genetic modification of strains in industrial bioprocesses, extends the physiological range of microbes to match favorable bioprocess conditions, and is amenable with complex and undefined microbial consortia for biobutanol production. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the π-conjugated aromatic backbone of COE1-5C likely acts as a hydrophobic tether for glycerophospholipid acyl chains by enhancing bilayer integrity in the presence of high butanol concentrations, which thereby counters membrane fluidization. COE1-5C-mitigated E. coli K12 membrane depolarization by butanol is consistent with the hypothesis that improved growth rates in the presence of butanol are a consequence of improved bilayer stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Hinks
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
| | - Yaofeng Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Artur Matysik
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Rachel Kraut
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Staffan Kjelleberg
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- Centre for Marine BioInnovation and School of Biotechnology and Bimolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Yuguang Mu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and Materials, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA
| | - Stefan Wuertz
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Thomas Seviour
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
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29
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Souza AL, Ceridório LF, Paula GF, Mattoso LH, Oliveira ON. Understanding the biocide action of poly(hexamethylene biguanide) using Langmuir monolayers of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 132:117-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Yan H, Catania C, Bazan GC. Membrane-intercalating conjugated oligoelectrolytes: impact on bioelectrochemical systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:2958-2973. [PMID: 25846107 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs), molecules that are defined by a π-delocalized backbone and terminal ionic pendant groups, have been previously demonstrated to effectively reduce charge-injection/extraction barriers at metal/organic interfaces in thin-film organic-electronic devices. Recent studies demonstrate a spontaneous affinity of certain COEs to intercalate into, and align within, lipid bilayers in an ordered orientation, thereby allowing modification of membrane properties and the functions of microbes in bioelectrochemical and photosynthetic systems. Several reports have provided evidence of enhanced current generation and bioproduction. Mechanistic approaches suggest that COEs influence microbial extracellular electron transport to abiotic electrode surfaces via more than one proposed pathway, including direct electron transfer and meditated electron transfer. Molecular dynamics simulations as a function of molecular structure suggest that insertion of cationic COEs results in membrane thinning as the lipid phosphate head groups are drawn toward the center of the bilayer. Since variations in molecular structures, especially the length of the conjugated backbone, distribution of ionic groups, and hydrophobic substitutions, show an effect on their antimicrobial properties, preferential cell localization, and microbial selection, it is promising to further design novel membrane-intercalating molecules based on COEs for practical applications, including energy generation, environmental remediation, and antimicrobial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjing Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Chelsea Catania
- Department of Materials, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Department of Materials, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Tapia MJ, Monteserín M, Burrows HD, Almeida JAS, Pais AACC, Pina J, Seixas de Melo JS, Jarmelo S, Estelrich J. From molecular modelling to photophysics of neutral oligo- and polyfluorenes incorporated into phospholipid bilayers. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:303-317. [PMID: 25411076 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02145b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The combination of various experimental techniques with theoretical simulations has allowed elucidation of the mode of incorporation of fluorene based derivatives into phospholipid bilayers. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on a fully hydrated 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayer, with benzene (B), biphenyl (BP), fluorene (F) and tri-(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl), TF, have provided insights into the topography of these molecules when they are present in the phospholipid bilayer, and suggest marked differences between the behavior of the small molecules and the oligomer. Further information on the interaction of neutral fluorenes within the phospholipid bilayer was obtained by an infrared (IR) spectroscopic study of films of DMPC and of the phospholipid with PFO deuterated specifically on its alkyl chains (DMPC-PFO-d34). This was complemented by measurements of the effect of F, TF and two neutral polymers: polyfluorene poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl), PFO, and poly(9,9-di-n-dodecylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl), PFD, on the phospholipid phase transition temperature using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Changes in liposome size upon addition of F and PFO were followed by dynamic light scattering. In addition, the spectroscopic properties of F, TF, PFO and PFD solubilised in DMPC liposomes (absorption, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence) were compared with those of the same probes in typical organic solvents (chloroform, cyclohexane and ethanol). Combining the insight from MD simulations with the results at the molecular level from the various experimental techniques suggests that while the small molecules have a tendency to be located in the phospholipid head group region, the polymers are incorporated within the lipid bilayers, with the backbone predominantly orthogonal to the phospholipid alkyl chains and with interdigitation of them and the PFO alkyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Tapia
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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32
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Feng G, Mai CK, Zhan R, Bazan GC, Liu B. Narrow band gap conjugated polyelectrolytes for photothermal killing of bacteria. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7340-7346. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01118c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the demonstration of antimicrobial conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) with high NIR absorbance for selective and efficient photothermal killing of bacteria over mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxue Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117585
- Environmental Research Institute
- National University of Singapore
| | - Cheng-Kang Mai
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Ruoyu Zhan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117585
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117585
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33
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Xu X, Liu R, Li L. Nanoparticles made of π-conjugated compounds targeted for chemical and biological applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16733-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This feature article summarizes the recent applications of nanoparticles made of π-conjugated compounds in bio/chemo-sensing, disease therapy, and photoacoustic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjun Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
| | - Lidong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- P. R. China
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Rossi G, Monticelli L. Modeling the effect of nano-sized polymer particles on the properties of lipid membranes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:503101. [PMID: 25388874 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/50/503101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between polymers and biological membranes has recently gained significant interest in several research areas. On the biomedical side, dendrimers, linear polyelectrolytes, and neutral copolymers find application as drug and gene delivery agents, as biocidal agents, and as platforms for biological sensors. On the environmental side, plastic debris is often disposed of in the oceans and gets degraded into small particles; therefore concern is raising about the interaction of small plastic particles with living organisms. From both perspectives, it is crucial to understand the processes driving the interaction between polymers and cell membranes. In recent times progress in computer technology and simulation methods has allowed computational predictions on the molecular mechanism of interaction between polymeric materials and lipid membranes. Here we review the computational studies on the interaction between lipid membranes and different classes of polymers: dendrimers, linear charged polymers, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and its derivatives, polystyrene, and some generic models of polymer chains. We conclude by discussing some of the technical challenges in this area and future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Rossi
- Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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35
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Yuan H, Wang B, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Conjugated-polymer-based energy-transfer systems for antimicrobial and anticancer applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:6978-6982. [PMID: 24711269 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201400379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) attract a lot of attention in sensing, imaging, and biomedical applications because of recent achievements that are highlighted in this Research News article. A brief review of recent progress in the application of CP-based energy-transfer systems in antimicrobial and anticancer treatments is provided. The transfer of excitation energy from CPs to photosensitizers leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are able to efficiently kill pathogenic microorganisms and cancer cells in the surroundings. Both fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and bioluminescence energy transfer (BRET) modes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxiang Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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36
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Zhao L, Song LX, Xia J, Teng Y, Yang ZK, Wang QS. Contribution of polytetrafluoroethylene to the atmosphere-dependent synthesis of Cu-based nanomaterials through ion–dipole interactions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09682g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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Karam P, Hariri AA, Calver CF, Zhao X, Schanze KS, Cosa G. Interaction of anionic phenylene ethynylene polymers with lipids: from membrane embedding to liposome fusion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:10704-10711. [PMID: 25115171 DOI: 10.1021/la502572u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Here we report spectroscopic studies on the interaction of negatively charged, amphiphilic polyphenylene ethynylene (PPE) polymers with liposomes prepared either from negative, positive or zwitterionic lipids. Emission spectra of PPEs of 7 and 49 average repeat units bearing carboxylate terminated side chains showed that the polymer embeds within positively charged lipids where it exists as free chains. No interaction was observed between PPEs and negatively charged lipids. Here the polymer remained aggregated giving rise to broad emission spectra characteristic of the aggregate species. In zwitterionic lipids, we observed that the majority of the polymer remained aggregated yet a small fraction readily embedded within the membrane. Titration experiments revealed that saturation of zwitterionic lipids with polymer typically occurred at a polymer repeat unit to lipid mole ratio close to 0.05. No further membrane embedding was observed above that point. For liposomes prepared from positively charged lipids, saturation was observed at a PPE repeat unit to lipid mole ratio of ∼0.1 and liposome precipitation was observed above this point. FRET studies showed that precipitation was preceded by lipid mixing and liposome fusion induced by the PPEs. This behavior was prominent for the longer polymer and negligible for the shorter polymer at a repeat unit to lipid mole ratio of 0.05. We postulate that fusion is the consequence of membrane destabilization whereby the longer polymer gives rise to more extensive membrane deformation than the shorter polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Karam
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures (CSACS/CRMAA), McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Québec H3A 0B8, Canada
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38
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Hu R, Yuan H, Wang B, Liu L, Lv F, Wang S. DNA hydrogel by multicomponent assembly for encapsulation and killing of cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:11823-11828. [PMID: 24955754 DOI: 10.1021/am502196h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new multifunctional assembled hydrogel was prepared by incorporating gadolinium ions (Gd(3+)) with salmon-sperm DNA and polythiophene derivative (PT-COOH) through chelation interactions. Efficient energy transfer from PT-COOH to Gd(3+) ions takes place followed by sensitization of oxygen molecule to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light irradiation. Cancer cells can be encapsulated into the hydrogel in situ as the formation of hydrogel followed by killing by the ROS. Integration of imaging modality with therapeutic function within a single assembled hydrogel is therefore anticipated to be a new and challenging design element for new hydrogel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Effect of polyelectrolyte adsorption on lateral distribution and dynamics of anionic lipids: a Monte Carlo study of a coarse-grain model. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2014; 43:377-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-014-0969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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40
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Kahveci Z, Martínez-Tomé MJ, Esquembre R, Mallavia R, Mateo CR. Selective Interaction of a Cationic Polyfluorene with Model Lipid Membranes: Anionic versus Zwitterionic Lipids. MATERIALS 2014; 7:2120-2140. [PMID: 28788559 PMCID: PMC5453277 DOI: 10.3390/ma7032120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores the interaction mechanism between the conjugated polyelectrolyte {[9,9-bis(6'-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl]fluorene-phenylene}bromide (HTMA-PFP) and model lipid membranes. The study was carried out using different biophysical techniques, mainly fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Results show that despite the preferential interaction of HTMA-PFP with anionic lipids, HTMA-PFP shows affinity for zwitterionic lipids; although the interaction mechanism is different as well as HTMA-PFP's final membrane location. Whilst the polyelectrolyte is embedded within the lipid bilayer in the anionic membrane, it remains close to the surface, forming aggregates that are sensitive to the physical state of the lipid bilayer in the zwitterionic system. The different interaction mechanism is reflected in the polyelectrolyte fluorescence spectrum, since the maximum shifts to longer wavelengths in the zwitterionic system. The intrinsic fluorescence of HTMA-PFP was used to visualize the interaction between polymer and vesicles via fluorescence microscopy, thanks to its high quantum yield and photostability. This technique allows the selectivity of the polyelectrolyte and higher affinity for anionic membranes to be observed. The results confirmed the appropriateness of using HTMA-PFP as a membrane fluorescent marker and suggest that, given its different behaviour towards anionic and zwitterionic membranes, HTMA-PFP could be used for selective recognition and imaging of bacteria over mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Kahveci
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - María José Martínez-Tomé
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - Rocío Esquembre
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
| | - C Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche (Alicante) 03202, Spain.
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41
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Hinks J, Wang Y, Poh WH, Donose BC, Thomas AW, Wuertz S, Loo SCJ, Bazan GC, Kjelleberg S, Mu Y, Seviour T. Modeling cell membrane perturbation by molecules designed for transmembrane electron transfer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:2429-2440. [PMID: 24499294 DOI: 10.1021/la403409t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Certain conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) modify biological function by improving charge transfer across biological membranes as demonstrated by their ability to boost performance in bioelectrochemical systems. Molecular level understanding of the nature of the COE/membrane interactions is lacking. Thus, we investigated cell membrane perturbation by three COEs differing in the number of aromatic rings and presence of a fluorine substitution. Molecular dynamic simulations showed that membrane deformation by all COEs resulted from membrane thinning as the lipid phosphate heads were drawn toward the center of the bilayer layer by positively charged COE side chains. The four-ringed COE, which most closely resembled the lipid bilayer in length, deformed the membrane the least and was least disruptive, as supported by toxicity testing (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 64 μmol L(-1)) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Extensive membrane thinning was observed from three-ringed COEs, reducing membrane thickness to <3.0 nm in regions where the COEs were located. Severe localized membrane pitting was observed when the central aromatic ring was unfluorinated, as evident from AFM and simulations. Fluorinating the central aromatic ring delocalized thinning but induced greater membrane disorder, indicated by changes in deuterium order parameter of the acyl chains. The fluorinated three-ringed compound was less toxic (MIC 4 μmol L(-1)) than the nonfluorinated three-aromatic-ringed COE (MIC 2 μmol L(-1)); thus, hydrophobic polar interactions resulting from fluorine substitution of OPV COEs dissipate membrane perturbations. Correlating specific structural features with cell membrane perturbation is an important step toward designing non-antimicrobial membrane insertion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Hinks
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637551
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42
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Choudhury CK, Kumar A, Roy S. Characterization of Conformation and Interaction of Gene Delivery Vector Polyethylenimine with Phospholipid Bilayer at Different Protonation State. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:3759-68. [DOI: 10.1021/bm4011408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhinaw Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sudip Roy
- Physical
Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
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43
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Nie C, Zhu C, Feng L, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Synthesis of a new conjugated polymer for DNA alkylation and gene regulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:4549-4554. [PMID: 23548104 DOI: 10.1021/am4001985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A new polyfluorene derivative containing pendent alkylating chlorambucil (PFP-Cbl) was synthesized and characterized. Under direct incubation with DNA in vitro, PFP-Cbl could undergo an efficient DNA alkylating reaction and induce DNA cross-linking. In vitro transcription and translation experiment exhibited that the PFP-Cbl significantly down-regulated the gene expression of luciferase reporter plasmid. The down-regulation of gene expression was also verified through the transfection experiment of p-EGFP plasmid, which showed decreased green fluorescent protein (GFP) in cells. Meanwhile, the self-luminous property of PFP-Cbl could make it able to trace the internalized PFP-Cbl and plasmid complexes resulted from cross-linking in cells by fluorescent microscopy. Combining the features of alkylating function, multivalent binding sites, and fluorescent characteristics, PFP-Cbl provides a new insight in the area of gene regulation and extends the new applications of conjugated polymers (CPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyao Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P R China
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44
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Kahveci Z, Martínez-Tomé MJ, Mallavia R, Mateo CR. Use of the Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Poly{[9,9-bis(6′-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl]fluorene-phenylene} Bromide (HTMA-PFP) as a Fluorescent Membrane Marker. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1990-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400348n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Kahveci
- Instituto de Biología Molecular
y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Mallavia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular
y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - C. Reyes Mateo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular
y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
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45
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Chong H, Zhu C, Song J, Feng L, Yang Q, Liu L, Lv F, Wang S. Preparation and Optical Property of New Fluorescent Nanoparticles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:736-42. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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46
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Torrano AA, Pereira ÂS, Oliveira ON, Barros-Timmons A. Probing the interaction of oppositely charged gold nanoparticles with DPPG and DPPC Langmuir monolayers as cell membrane models. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 108:120-6. [PMID: 23528608 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The growing use of nanoparticles in a variety of applications calls for detailed studies of their toxicology, which in turn require understanding the interactions between nanoparticles and living cells. Since simulating the interaction with real cell membranes is rather complex, Langmuir monolayers (LMs) have been used to mimic the first barrier encountered by a nanoparticle as it approaches a biological membrane to assess molecular-level interactions. In this study, we show how oppositely charged gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) interact with monolayers of the zwitterionic dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline (DPPC) and negatively charged dipalmitoylphosphatidyl glycerol (DPPG). The monolayers were spread on subphases containing two concentrations of either negatively charged Au-NPs coated with citrate anions or positively charged Au-NPs functionalized with the cationic polyelectrolyte poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). For DPPG, electrostatic effects dominated which depended strongly on the NPs capping agent, being obviously larger for the positive nanoparticles. The in-plane elasticity for DPPG monolayers within the surface pressure range corresponding to real cell membranes increased with adsorption of positively charged NPs, but decreased with the negative ones. For the zwitterionic DPPC, on the other hand, significant effects only occurred for negatively charged NPs, including a decrease in elasticity. Therefore, it is concluded that the nature, namely the charge of the capping agents, is crucial for the interaction of charged NPs with the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano A Torrano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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47
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Zhu C, Yang Q, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Conjugated polymer-coated bacteria for multimodal intracellular and extracellular anticancer activity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:1203-8. [PMID: 23280674 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201204550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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48
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Chung CYS, Yam VWW. Selective label-free detection of G-quadruplex structure of human telomere by emission spectral changes in visible-and-NIR region under physiological condition through the FRET of a two-component PPE-SO3−–Pt(ii) complex ensemble with Pt⋯Pt, electrostatic and π–π interactions. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20897k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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49
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Li Y, Guo H. Atomistic simulations of an antimicrobial molecule interacting with a model bacterial membrane. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Wang B, Yuan H, Zhu C, Yang Q, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Polymer-drug conjugates for intracellar molecule-targeted photoinduced inactivation of protein and growth inhibition of cancer cells. Sci Rep 2012; 2:766. [PMID: 23097688 PMCID: PMC3479448 DOI: 10.1038/srep00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For most molecule-targeted anticancer systems, intracellular protein targets are very difficult to be accessed by antibodies, and also most efforts are made to inhibit protein activity temporarily rather than inactivate them permanently. In this work we firstly designed and synthesized multifunctional polymer-drug conjugates (polythiophene-tamoxifen) for intracellular molecule-targeted binding and inactivation of protein (estrogen receptor α, ERα) for growth inhibition of MCF-7 cancer cells. Small molecule drug was conjugated to polymer side chain for intracellular signal protein targeting, and simultaneously the fluorescent characteristic of polymer for tracing the cellular uptake and localization of polythiophene-drug conjugates by cell imaging. Under light irradiation, the conjugated polymer can sensitize oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that specifically inactivate the targeted protein, and thus inhibit the growth of tumor cells. The conjugates showed selective growth inhibition of ERα positive cancer cells, which exhibits low side effect for our intracellular molecule-targeted therapy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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