1
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Pereira I, Monaghan J, Abruzzi LR, Gill CG. PAMAM-Functionalized Paper as a New Substrate for the Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry Measurement of Proteins. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7134-7141. [PMID: 37115227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Paper surface functionalization with polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers has been developed for increased sensitivity analysis of proteins by paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS). PAMAM is a branched polymeric compound with an ethylenediamine core linked to repeating PAMAM units that generates an outer surface rich in primary amines. These positively charged amine groups can interact electrostatically with negatively charged residues (e.g., aspartate, glutamate) on the protein surface. PAMAM inner amide moieties can also promote hydrogen bonding with protein surface oxygens, making PAMAM a useful material for protein extraction. PAMAM-functionalized PS-MS paper strips were used to extract proteins from biofluids, dipped in acetonitrile to remove unbound constituents, dried, and then measured with PS-MS. The use of this strategy was optimized and compared with unmodified paper strips. PAMAM-functionalized paper substrates provided sixfold greater sensitivity for albumin, 11-fold for hemoglobin, sevenfold for insulin, and twofold for lysozyme. The analytical performance of the functionalized paper substrate was evaluated through the analysis of albumin in urine, achieving linearity with R2 > 0.99, LOD of 1.1 μg mL-1, LOQ of 3.8 μg mL-1, precision better than 10%, and relative recovery 70-83%. The method was applied to quantify urinary albumin from nine anonymous patient samples (concentrations ranged from 6.5 to 77.4 μg mL-1), illustrating its potential for the diagnosis of microalbuminuria. These data demonstrate the utility of paper modification with the PAMAM dendrimer for sensitive PS-MS analysis of proteins, opening a path for further applications in clinical diagnosis through the analysis of disease-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pereira
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada
| | - Joseph Monaghan
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada
- Chemistry Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Lucas R Abruzzi
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada
- Chemistry Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Chris G Gill
- Applied Environmental Research Laboratories (AERL), Chemistry Department, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9R 5S5, Canada
- Chemistry Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
- Chemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1618, United States
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2
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Hersbach TJP, Rabin C. pH- and Functionalization-Dependent Host-Guest Interactions Between Fluorescein and Various Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9632-9642. [PMID: 36378255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are branched macromolecules that can be functionalized with a large variety of chemical moieties. Dendrimers can therefore be specifically designed to interact with target molecules. Although tailored dendrimers hold promise for targeted drug delivery and wastewater cleanup, these applications require more detailed and systematic studies on how dendrimer-guest interactions depend on environmental conditions. In light of this need, we studied pH-dependent interactions between fluorescein and poly(amidoamine) dendrimers with three different terminal groups. Crucially, both fluorescein and dendrimers have multiple protonation equilibria, which can enable interactions in different pH windows through various possible mechanisms. Such interactions are studied through UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies, which reveal a redshift that occurs upon fluorescein-dendrimer binding. The resulting pH-dependent spectra are complex but can be analyzed quantitatively with an open-source mathematical protocol. Consequently, we show that fluorescein binds across four pH units with amine-terminated dendrimers, across two units with hydroxyl-terminated dendrimers and does not interact attractively with carboxyl-terminated dendrimers. These functionalization-dependent host-guest interactions stabilize fluorescein's dianionic form and are predominantly electrostatically driven, with likely auxiliary hydrogen and CH-π bonding. Notably, these auxiliary mechanisms appear too weak to drive dendrimer-fluorescein interactions on their own. Overall, this work yields valuable insights into dendrimer-fluorescein association and provides a readily reproducible framework for studying host-guest interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J P Hersbach
- Department of Chemistry and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Charlie Rabin
- Department of Chemistry and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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3
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Multi-stimuli-responsive color/fluorescence dual-switching behavior of a hyperbranched polyamidoamine bearing viologen and adamantane units. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Ybarra DE, Calienni MN, Ramirez LFB, Frias ETA, Lillo C, Alonso SDV, Montanari J, Alvira FC. Vismodegib in PAMAM-dendrimers for potential theragnosis in skin cancer. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Drug-dendrimer complexes and conjugates: Detailed furtherance through theory and experiments. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 303:102639. [PMID: 35339862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic nanovectors-based drug delivery has gained significant attention in the past couple of decades. Dendrimers play a crucial role in deciding the solubility of sparingly soluble drug molecules and help in improving pharmacokinetics. A few important steps in drug delivery through dendrimers, such as drug encapsulation, formulation, and target-specific delivery, play an important role in deciding the fate of a drug molecule. It is also of prime importance to understand the interactions between a drug molecule and dendrimers at atomistic levels to decode the mechanism of action of drug-dendrimer complexes and their reliability in terms of drug delivery. Colossal progress in current experimental and computational approaches in the field has resulted in a vast amount of data that needs to be curated to be further implemented efficiently. Improved computational power has led to greater accuracy and prompt predictions of properties of drug-dendrimer complexes and their mechanism of action. The current review encapsulates the pioneering work in the field, experimental achievements in terms of drug delivery, and newer computational techniques employed in the advancement of the field.
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6
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Cheng B, Kaifer AE. Reaction of Amino-Terminated PAMAM Dendrimers with Carbon Dioxide in Aqueous and Methanol Solutions. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020540. [PMID: 35056857 PMCID: PMC8777730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines have been used as active materials to capture carbon dioxide gas based on its well-known reaction with amines to form carbamates. This work investigates the reactions between three amino-terminated poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers (G1, G3 and G5) and CO2(g) in aqueous (D2O) and methanolic (CD3OD) solutions. The reactions were monitored using 1H NMR spectroscopy, and yielded dendrimers with a combination of terminal carbamate and terminal ammonium groups. In aqueous media the reaction was complicated by the generation of soluble carbonate and bicarbonate ions. The reaction was cleaner in CD3OD, where the larger G5 dendrimer solution formed a gel upon exposure to CO2(g). All reactions were reversible, and the trapped CO2 could be released by treatment with N2(g) and mild heating. These results highlight the importance of the polyamine dendrimer size in terms of driving changes to the solution’s physical properties (viscosity, gel formation) generated by exposure to CO2(g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beijun Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA;
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Angel E. Kaifer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA;
- Correspondence:
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7
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Igartúa DE, Ybarra DE, Cabezas DM, Alonso SDV, Alvira FC. Aging process of polyamidoamine dendrimers: Effect of pH and shaking in the fluorescence emission and aggregation‐state. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela E. Igartúa
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Bio‐Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional de Quilmes Buenos Aires Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Investigación en Funcionalidad y Tecnología de los Alimentos Universidad Nacional de Quilmes Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - David E. Ybarra
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Bio‐Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional de Quilmes Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
- Grupo de Biología Estructural y Biotecnología (GBEyB), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Darío M. Cabezas
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Investigación en Funcionalidad y Tecnología de los Alimentos Universidad Nacional de Quilmes Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Silvia del V. Alonso
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Bio‐Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional de Quilmes Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
- Grupo de Biología Estructural y Biotecnología (GBEyB), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Fernando C. Alvira
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Laboratorio de Bio‐Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional de Quilmes Buenos Aires Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina
- Grupo de Biología Estructural y Biotecnología (GBEyB), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE) Buenos Aires Argentina
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8
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Markelov DA, Semisalova AS, Mazo MA. Formation of a Hollow Core in Dendrimers in Solvents. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis A. Markelov
- Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Anna S. Semisalova
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg‐Essen Lotharstr. 1 Duisburg 47057 Germany
| | - Mikhail A. Mazo
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina 4 Moscow 119991 Russia
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9
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Simms BL, Ji N, Chandrasiri I, Zia MF, Udemgba CS, Kaur R, Delcamp JH, Flynt A, Tan C, Watkins DL. Physicochemical properties and bio‐interfacial interactions of surface modified
PDLLA‐PAMAM
linear dendritic block copolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Briana L. Simms
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
| | - Nan Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
| | - Indika Chandrasiri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
| | - Mohammad Farid Zia
- Department of Biological Sciences The University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Chinwe S. Udemgba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
| | - Jared H. Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
| | - Alex Flynt
- Department of Biological Sciences The University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Chalet Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
| | - Davita L. Watkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi University Oxford Mississippi USA
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10
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Trujillo-Nolasco M, Cruz-Nova P, Ferro-Flores G, Gibbens-Bandala B, Morales-Avila E, Aranda-Lara L, Vargas M, Ocampo-García B. Development of 177Lu-DN(C19)-CXCR4 Ligand Nanosystem for Combinatorial Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:263-278. [PMID: 33785097 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is highly lethal and has a poor prognosis. The most common alteration during the formation of pancreatic tumors is the activation of KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog) oncogene. As a new therapeutic strategy, the C19 molecule ((2S)-N-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-methylamine]propanamide) blocks the KRAS-membrane association in cancer cells. In addition, the chemokine receptor CXCR4 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. In this research, a new dendrimer-based nanoradiopharmaceutical (177Lu-DN(C19)-CXCR4L) encapsulating C19 and functionalized to target CXCR4 receptors is proposed as both, a targeted radiotherapy system (lutetium-177) and an oncotherapeutic approach by the stabilization of KRAS4b-PDESδ complex to produce dual-specific therapy in pancreatic cancer. 177The Lu-DN(C19)-CXCR4L was synthesized and characterized, C19 was encapsulated with 81% efficiency, the final nanosystem rendered a particle size of 67 nm and the specific uptake in pancreatic cell lines was demonstrated. The major cytotoxic effect was observed in the KRAS-dependent and radioresistant cell line Mia PaCa-2, which expresses a high density of CXCR4 receptors. The radiation dose of 3 Gy/Bq decreased viability to 7%, and this effect was attributed to the presence of C19. A synergistic effect (radio and chemotherapy) capable of reducing viability in pancreatic cancer cells through apoptotic mechanisms was demonstrated. Thus, 177Lu-DN(C19)-CXCR4L nanoradiopharmaceutical is efficacious in pancreatic cancer cell lines overexpressing the CXCR4 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maydelid Trujillo-Nolasco
- Departamento de Materials Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac, Estado de México, 52750, Mexico
| | - Pedro Cruz-Nova
- Departamento de Materials Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac, Estado de México, 52750, Mexico
| | - Guillermina Ferro-Flores
- Departamento de Materials Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac, Estado de México, 52750, Mexico
| | - Brenda Gibbens-Bandala
- Departamento de Materials Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac, Estado de México, 52750, Mexico
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan S/N, Toluca, Estado de México, 50180, Mexico
| | - Liliana Aranda-Lara
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, 50180 Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel Vargas
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. I.P.N., 07360, Ciudad de México
| | - Blanca Ocampo-García
- Departamento de Materials Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera México-Toluca S/N, Ocoyoacac, Estado de México, 52750, Mexico
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11
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Camacho CS, Urgellés M, Tomás H, Lahoz F, Rodrigues J. New insights into the blue intrinsic fluorescence of oxidized PAMAM dendrimers considering their use as bionanomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10314-10326. [PMID: 33146227 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Like other bionanomaterials, dendrimers are usually labelled with fluorescent compounds in order to be optically detected within cells. However, this process can interfere with their biological properties, so it is crucial to find other solutions for their traceability. Here, the blue intrinsic fluorescence of amine-terminated poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers was enhanced using oxidative treatment with ammonium persulfate (APS). The effects of dendrimer generation (G3, G4, and G5) and pH on the spectroscopic behavior of both pristine and APS-treated PAMAM dendrimers were studied in aqueous solution. Overall, the results pointed out that there are at least two types of emitting electron-rich hetero-atomic sub-luminophores (HASLs) confined within the dendrimer scaffold that have very close maximum emission wavelengths and whose emission properties strongly depend on pH. The APS treatment significantly enhanced the fluorescence intensity by leading to the protonation of the interior of the dendrimer. However, fluorescence intensity was not only dependent on the number of HASLs in the dendrimer scaffold (i.e., on dendrimer generation), but also on the rigidification suffered by the dendrimer due to the acidic environment (at low pH values, APS-treated G4 was indeed the most emissive species). Moreover, photoluminescence studies with lyophilized samples were also conducted, which confirmed the coexistence of more than one type of HASLs emitting in the dendrimer structure. The APS treatment affected these HASLs to a different extent. Time-resolved fluorescence experiments always showed higher average lifetimes of HASLs for APS-treated dendrimers than for pristine ones, in accordance with the fluorescence intensity results. On the other hand, the fraction and lifetimes of HASLs in APS-treated dendrimers were similar in solution and the lyophilized form. This behaviour was different for the pristine dendrimers that presented increased luminescence upon aggregation. Finally, the highly emissive oxidized dendrimers were shown not only to be much less cytotoxic and hemotoxic than pristine dendrimers but also to be detectable inside cells upon excitation with UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S Camacho
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
| | - Marta Urgellés
- Departamento de Física, IUdEA, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Lahoz
- Departamento de Física, IUdEA, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
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Ma Y, Zhang H, Cao D, Chen Q, Guan R, Zhou C. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer fluorescent polymer dots without conventional chromophores: Synthesis, emission mechanism and applications as Cu2+ probe and fluorescent ink. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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13
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Gupta S, Biswas P. Conformations of poly(propylene imine) dendrimers in an ionic liquid at different pH. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:8400-8411. [PMID: 32808623 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01026j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The conformational behavior of poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers at three different solution pH is studied in an ionic liquid (IL) solvent, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The size, shape, density distribution, structure factor, and the scattering intensity are evaluated to probe the conformational transition of dendrimers as a function of pH. The results of the radial atomic and terminal amine group density distribution at low pH indicate a shift in the density towards the periphery of the dendrimers due to the electrostatic repulsion between the charged tertiary amine groups within the dendrimers. The [BMIM] cations are not encapsulated within dendrimers and predominantly reside near the periphery. The extensive back-folding of the outer branches due to the electrostatic repulsion between the solvent cations and the peripheral charged amine groups at neutral and low pH results in a dense compact structure in [BMIM]Cl as compared to that in water, as evident from the results of the structure factor and scattering intensity. The structural analysis in terms of the fractal dimension reveals that the lower generation dendrimers exhibit conformational transition as a function of pH, while the higher generations exhibit a highly compact structure at all solution pH. However, PPI dendrimers at low pH exhibit more free volume as compared to that at high pH, which may be utilized to accommodate specific guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Parbati Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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McCarney ER, Breaux CJ, Rendle PM. Measurement of the hydrodynamic radii of PEE-G dendrons by diffusion spectroscopy on a benchtop NMR spectrometer. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2020; 58:641-647. [PMID: 31944377 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a useful tool for the rapid determination of the self-diffusion coefficient and the hydrodynamic radius of dendrons. The self-diffusion coefficients of the first four generations of poly ethoxy ethyl glycinamide (PEE-G) dendrons are measured by diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) on a benchtop NMR equipped with diffusion gradient coils. The hydrodynamic radii of the dendrons are calculated via the Stokes-Einstein equation. The effects of solvent and pH are determined with the hydrodynamic radius increasing with generation and decreasing upon neutralization of an acidic solution. These measurements provide valuable information for biological and pharmaceutical applications of dendrons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carol J Breaux
- Department of Chemistry, College of the Ozarks, Point Lookout, MO
| | - Phillip M Rendle
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
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Gupta S, Biswas P. Orientational Relaxation of Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimers at Different pH. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:4193-4202. [PMID: 32319292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dilute solution dynamics of poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimers is investigated at three different solution pH through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The dynamics of PPI dendrimers is characterized by both global and local relaxations that occur at different time and length scales. While the global dynamics may be described in terms of rotational diffusion, the local motion may be characterized through orientational relaxation dynamics measured in terms of the time autocorrelation function (ACF), second-order orientational ACF, and the spin-lattice relaxation rate. The global motion of dendrimers decreases with an increase in the size from high pH to low pH with increasing generations of growth. The results reveal that the segments at low pH relax faster than those at high pH, and the local mobility of the segments near the periphery is higher than the core segments. This observation is also evident from the spectral density and spin-lattice relaxation rate. High values of the spectral density at higher frequencies imply higher segmental mobility of the dendrimer at low pH relative to that at high pH. A shift in the maximum of the spin-lattice relaxation rate toward lower frequencies with decreasing generations indicates the dependence of local mobility on the topological distance of the segment from the periphery at all pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Parbati Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Awad GE, Ghanem AF, Abdel Wahab WA, Wahba MI. Functionalized κ-carrageenan/hyperbranched poly(amidoamine)for protease immobilization: Thermodynamics and stability studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:1140-1155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Zhou Y, He J, Zhang C, Li J, Fu X, Mao W, Li W, Yu C. Novel Ce(III)-Metal Organic Framework with a Luminescent Property To Fabricate an Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:338-346. [PMID: 31794188 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We designed a novel luminescent metal-organic framework (MOF) named Ce-TCPP-LMOF (CTM) through a simple one-pot solvothermal method. CTM was synthesized by using the emerging electrochemiluminescent (ECL) material (4,4',4″,4‴-(porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis(benzoic acid) as the organic ligand and Ce(III) as the metal node. We found that CTM not only has the remarkable ability to emit light but also has a uniform "sandwich biscuit" shape and suitable nanoscale size, which are promising for further applications. We also applied CTM to construct a novel ECL immunosensor and achieve sensitive detection of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a biomarker related to cardiovascular diseases. To further amplify the ECL signal of CTM, a novel dual-amplified signal strategy was established by inducing a polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Importantly, we first proved that the ECL signal of the CTM/S2O82- system could be enhanced by the PAMAM electric field. As the electron transfer rate was accelerated by the AuNP layer, this ECL signal was further enhanced in AuNP-modified electrodes. The ECL immunosensor showed desirable performance for PCSK9 analysis within a detection range of 50 fg mL-1 to 10 ng mL-1 and a low limit of detection of 19.12 ± 2.69 fg mL-1. Real sample detection suggested that the immunosensor holds great potential for analyzing clinical serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengli Zhang
- The First People's Hospital of Zigong , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , PR China
| | | | | | | | - Wenming Li
- University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400016 , P. R. China
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19
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Camacho CS, Urgellés M, Tomás H, Lahoz F, Rodrigues J. New insights into the blue intrinsic fluorescence of oxidized PAMAM dendrimers considering their use as bionanomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2020. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d0tb01871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescence intensity of oxidized PAMAM dendrimers is not only dependent on the number of HASLs in the dendrimer scaffold (i.e., on dendrimer generation), but also on the rigidification suffered by the dendrimer due to the acidic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S. Camacho
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- MMRG
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9000-390 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - Marta Urgellés
- Departamento de Física
- IUdEA
- Universidad de La Laguna
- Tenerife
- Spain
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- MMRG
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9000-390 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - Fernando Lahoz
- Departamento de Física
- IUdEA
- Universidad de La Laguna
- Tenerife
- Spain
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- MMRG
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9000-390 Funchal
- Portugal
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20
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Camacho CS, Urgellés M, Tomás H, Lahoz F, Rodrigues J. New insights into the blue intrinsic fluorescence of oxidized PAMAM dendrimers considering their use as bionanomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2020. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1039/d0tb01871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence intensity of oxidized PAMAM dendrimers is not only dependent on the number of HASLs in the dendrimer scaffold (i.e., on dendrimer generation), but also on the rigidification suffered by the dendrimer due to the acidic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia S. Camacho
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- MMRG
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9000-390 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - Marta Urgellés
- Departamento de Física
- IUdEA
- Universidad de La Laguna
- Tenerife
- Spain
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- MMRG
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9000-390 Funchal
- Portugal
| | - Fernando Lahoz
- Departamento de Física
- IUdEA
- Universidad de La Laguna
- Tenerife
- Spain
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM – Centro de Química da Madeira
- MMRG
- Universidade da Madeira
- 9000-390 Funchal
- Portugal
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21
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Interaction study of peptide-PAMAM as potential bio-nanogate for detecting anti-hepatitis B surface antigen. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 185:110623. [PMID: 31735420 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bio-nanogate involves synthesized or natural molecules as a 'gate' towards bioreceptors and responds upon the presence of targeted analytes in nanoscale dimension. Development of bio-nanogate improves analyte selectivity and signal response across various types of biosensors. The versatility of PAMAM dendrimers to form conjugates with guest molecules, such as proteins can be utilized in forming a bio-nanogate. PAMAM interaction with peptide bioreceptor for antibody detection is of interest in this study. This study investigated the interaction of synthesized immunogenic 'a' determinant (aD) region of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) with PAMAM G4 and anti-HBsAg antibody, as a potential bio-nanogate for anti-HBsAg detection. The aD peptide fused with maltose binding protein (MBP), was confirmed with Western blotting. Nano-Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (nano-DSF) study revealed that the interaction of MBP-aD with anti-HBsAg indicated a higher thermal stability as compared to its interaction with PAMAM G4. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that a higher binding constant of MBP-aD interaction with anti-HBsAg (0.92 μM-1) was observed at maximum saturation, as compared with PAMAM G4 (0.07 μM-1). Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that MBP-aD interacted with anti-HBsAg and PAMAM G4, through van der Waals and hydrogen bonding. These analyses suggest that the weak interaction of MBP-aD and PAMAM G4 may form a potential bio-nanogate. It is hypothesized that the presence of anti-HBsAg has a higher affinity towards MBP-aD which may displace PAMAM G4 in the anti-HBsAg detection system. This interaction study is crucial as an initial platform of using peptide-PAMAM as a bio-nanogate in an antibody detection system.
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22
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Gürbüz MU, Elmacı G, Ertürk AS. Tren‐Cored PAMAM Dendrimer/Silver Nanocomposites: Efficient Colorimetric Sensors for the Determination of Mercury Ions from Aqueous Solutions. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa U. Gürbüz
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Arts and SciencesYıldız Technical University 34220 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Gökhan Elmacı
- Department of ChemistryAdıyaman University 02040 Adıyaman Turkey
| | - Ali S. Ertürk
- Department of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyAdıyaman University 02040 Adıyaman Turkey
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23
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Sorokina SA, Stroylova YY, Tishina SA, Shifrina ZB, Muronetz VI. Promising anti-amyloid behavior of cationic pyridylphenylene dendrimers: Role of structural features and mechanism of action. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Preparation and characterization of oxaliplatin drug delivery vehicle based on PEGylated half-generation PAMAM dendrimer. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1779-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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25
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Sun M, Song P. Alicyclic tertiary amine based hyperbranched polymers with excitation-independent emission: structure, fluorescence and applications. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00183b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Influence of the tertiary amine structure and its position in the hyperbranched macromolecules on the fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yantai University
- Yantai
- PR China
| | - Peng Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yantai University
- Yantai
- PR China
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26
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Li Q, Feng X, Lu X, Li T, Han X, Xiao X, Wu X, Liu Z, Yang M, Feng Y. Combined intra- and extracellular reduction involved in the anaerobic biodecolorization of cationic azo dye by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:701-708. [PMID: 30098566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial reduction decolorization is a promising strategy for cationic azo dye pollution remediation, but the reduction mechanism is unclear yet. In this work, the anaerobic reduction decolorization mechanism of cationic red X-GRL (X-GRL) by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (MR-1) was investigated from both intracellular and extracellular aspects. The exogenous additional riboflavin treatment test was used to analyze the extracellular reduction mechanism of X-GRL, and the actual role of riboflavin during the reduction of X-GRL was identified by three-dimensional fluorescence analysis for the first time. The proteinase K and the electron competitor treatment tests were used to analyze the intracellular reduction mechanism of X-GRL. Moreover, the effect of external environment on the reduction mechanism of X-GRL was elucidated by the decolorization performance of MR-1 wild type and its mutants, ΔomcA/mtrC, ΔmtrA, ΔmtrB and ΔcymA, under different external pH conditions. The results indicated that X-GRL could be decolorized by MR-1 in both extracellular and intracellular spaces. The extracellular decolorization of X-GRL could be caused by Mtr respiratory pathway or the indirect reduction of riboflavin, while the intracellular decolorization might occur due to the intracellular reduction depending on CymA pathway and a NADH-dependent reduction catalyzed by intracellular azoreductases. Furthermore, the proportion of extracellular decolorization decreased, whereas that of intracellular decolorization increased as the environmental pH rose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xuerong Lu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zhaoying Liu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Mingfeng Yang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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27
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Gupta S, Biswas P. Effect of pH on Size and Internal Structure of Poly(propylene imine) Dendrimers: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9250-9263. [PMID: 30199254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b04653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The behavior of poly(propylene imine) dendrimers at three different solution pH is investigated through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in explicit solvent. MD simulations provide an insight into the conformational properties of dendrimers via the evaluation of their size, shape, radial density distribution, static structure factor, and scattering intensity. The size of the dendrimer increases from high solution pH to low pH. The internal structure of the dendrimer is quantified in terms of the radial atomic density profile and the terminal amine group density distribution. While the radial atomic density distribution shifts away from the core of the dendrimer with decreasing pH, a significant degree of back-folding of the outer generations is observed at high pH for higher generations of growth. Results from the structure factor and scattering intensity indicate two types of conformational transitions: (i) as a function of the solution pH, where the dendrimer evolves from an expanded structure at low pH to a highly compact one at high pH (except for higher generations), and (ii) with increasing generations, where the open structure of the dendrimer at lower generations transforms to a compact structure at higher generations at both high and low pH, characterized by a change in the fractal dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007 , India
| | - Parbati Biswas
- Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007 , India
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28
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Gürbüz MU, Ertürk AS. Synthesis and Characterization of Jeffamine Core PAMAM Dendrimer-Silver Nanocomposites (Ag JCPDNCs) and Their Evaluation in The Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.428572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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29
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Unal O, Khodadust R, Durmusoglu EG, Erdem E, Yagci MB, Ow-Yang C, Yurtsever E, Yagci Acar H. Discovery of an Exceptionally Strong Luminescence of Polyethyleneimine-Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Unal
- Materials Science and Engineering; Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Emek G. Durmusoglu
- Materials Science and Engineering; Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Emre Erdem
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; University of Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 D-79104 Freiburg Germany
- Universit Francois Rabelais; Faculté de Sciences et Techniques; 20 Avenue Monge 37200 Tours France
| | - Mustafa Baris Yagci
- Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM); Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
| | - ClevaW. Ow-Yang
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; Sabanci University; Orhanli Tuzla-34956 Istanbul Turkey
- Nanotechnology Research and Application Center; Sabanci University; Tuzla Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ersin Yurtsever
- Materials Science and Engineering; Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
- Department of Chemistry; Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Havva Yagci Acar
- Materials Science and Engineering; Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
- Department of Chemistry; Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
- Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM); Koc University; Sariyer-34450 Istanbul Turkey
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30
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Sideratou Z, Agathokleous M, Theodossiou TA, Tsiourvas D. Functionalized Hyperbranched Polyethylenimines as Thermosensitive Drug Delivery Nanocarriers with Controlled Transition Temperatures. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:315-328. [PMID: 29313672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The low critical solution temperature phase transition (Tc) that is exhibited by thermosensitive polymers is strongly dependent on polymer concentration, pH, ionic strength, as well as the presence of specific molecules or ions in solution. Therefore, polymers with Tc values above 37 °C that are useful for hyperthermia therapy are not readily available. In the present study, temperature-sensitive hyperbranched polyethylenimine derivatives were developed through stepwise functionalization with isobutylamide groups. Although factors such as the concentration of polymer, sodium chloride, phosphate ions, and pH considerably affect the transition temperature, it was possible to obtain a hyperbranched derivative having the required Tc (38-39 °C) for the given aqueous medium required in cell experiments through careful selection of the degree of substitution. This thermosensitive derivative can encapsulate doxorubicin (DOX), a well-known anticancer agent, and was further studied as a temperature-triggered drug delivery system. Although the polymeric carrier showed no notable toxicity at temperatures either below or above the transition temperature, the thermoresponsive drug-loaded formulation exhibited increased DOX cellular uptake and improved in vitro cytotoxicity at 40 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Sideratou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos" , 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Maria Agathokleous
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos" , 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Theodossis A Theodossiou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos" , 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tsiourvas
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos" , 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
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31
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Otto DP, de Villiers MM. Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers as a Pharmaceutical Excipient. Are We There yet? J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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32
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If Squeezed, a Camel Passes Through the Eye of a Needle: Voltage-Mediated Stretching of Dendrimers Facilitates Passage Through a Nanopore. J Membr Biol 2017; 251:405-417. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9999-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Jancy Nixon Abraham
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division; CSIR National Chemical Laboratory; Pune India
| | - Corinne Nardin
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les matériaux (IPREM); Equipe Physique et Chimie des Polymères (EPCP); Pau France
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34
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Asandei A, Ciuca A, Apetrei A, Schiopu I, Mereuta L, Seo CH, Park Y, Luchian T. Nanoscale Investigation of Generation 1 PAMAM Dendrimers Interaction with a Protein Nanopore. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6167. [PMID: 28733599 PMCID: PMC5522495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe at uni-molecular level the interactions between poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of generation 1 and the α-hemolysin protein nanopore, at acidic and neutral pH, and ionic strengths of 0.5 M and 1 M KCl, via single-molecule electrical recordings. The results indicate that kinetics of dendrimer-α-hemolysin reversible interactions is faster at neutral as compared to acidic pH, and we propose as a putative explanation the fine interplay among conformational and rigidity changes on the dendrimer structure, and the ionization state of the dendrimer and the α-hemolysin. From the analysis of the dendrimer's residence time inside the nanopore, we posit that the pH- and salt-dependent, long-range electrostatic interactions experienced by the dendrimer inside the ion-selective α-hemolysin, induce a non-Stokesian diffusive behavior of the analyte inside the nanopore. We also show that the ability of dendrimer molecules to adapt their structure to nanoscopic spaces, and control the flow of matter through the α-hemolysin nanopore, depends non-trivially on the pH- and salt-induced conformational changes of the dendrimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Asandei
- Interdisciplinary Research Department, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Ciuca
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Aurelia Apetrei
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Schiopu
- Interdisciplinary Research Department, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Loredana Mereuta
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Chang Ho Seo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kongju National University, Kongju, South Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Park
- Department of Department of Biomedical Science and Research Center for Proteinaceous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
| | - Tudor Luchian
- Department of Physics, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iasi, Romania.
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35
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Dai XH, Yang WH, Yan WL, Hu JM, Dai YR, Pan JM, Yan YS. Porphyrin-cored dendrimers consisting of novel siloxane-poly (amido amine) dendron-like arms: Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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36
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Koley S, Ghosh S. Encapsulation and Residency of a Hydrophobic Dye within the Water-Filled Interior of a PAMAM Dendrimer Molecule. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1930-1940. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b10176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Koley
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Subhadip Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
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37
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Majumder R, Sarkar Y, Das S, Ray A, Parui PP. Interfacial pH and polarity detection of amphiphilic self-assemblies using a single Schiff-base molecule. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01222e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interfacial pH and polarity for different amphiphilic self-assemblies are estimated at a similar interfacial depth utilizing a unique Schiff-base molecule containing two identical phenol-conjugated-imine moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rini Majumder
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Yeasmin Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Sanju Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700032
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Ambarish Ray
- Department of Chemistry
- Maulana Azad College
- Kolkata 700013
- India
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38
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Barraza LF, Jiménez VA, Alderete JB. Methotrexate Complexation with Native and PEGylated PAMAM-G4: Effect of the PEGylation Degree on the Drug Loading Capacity and Release Kinetics. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis F. Barraza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepción; Casilla 160-C Concepción 4070371 Chile
| | - Verónica A. Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Universidad Andres Bello; Sede Concepción Talcahuano 4260000 Chile
| | - Joel B. Alderete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepción; Casilla 160-C Concepción 4070371 Chile
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39
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Cell-penetrating compounds preferentially bind glycosaminoglycans over plasma membrane lipids in a charge density- and stereochemistry-dependent manner. Biophys Chem 2015; 207:40-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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Luo YH, Wu ZW, Tsai HT, Lin SY, Lin P. Endotoxin Nanovesicles: Hydrophilic Gold Nanodots Control Supramolecular Lipopolysaccharide Assembly for Modulating Immunological Responses. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6446-6453. [PMID: 26339979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we sought to control the assembly of an endotoxin known as the biologically supramolecular lipopolysaccharide (LPS, which consists of three portions: an O antigen, a core carbohydrate, and a lipid A molecule) in order to modulate immunological responses in a manner that has the potential for utilization in vaccine development. Changing the structures of LPS aggregates from lamellas to specific nonlamellas (i.e., cubosomes and hexosomes) can dramatically enhance the strength of LPS in causing inflammatory responses, leading to highly active responses. In order to control the formation of cubosome-free and hexosome-free nonlamellas, we designed a simple strategy based on the use of hydrophilic gold nanodots (AuNDs) to control LPS assembly to facilitate the formation of stable endotoxin nanovesicles, which are stable precursors of cubosomes and hexosomes with specific immunological effects. Structurally, the wall thicknesses of these nanovesicles are exactly twice the lengths of a single LPS molecule, indicating that the LPS molecules adopt a tail-to-tail arrangement (with the lipid A portions acting as the tail domain). The involvement of the hydrophilic AuNDs to laterally link polar domains of LPS can result in the progressive extension of an endotoxically active zone of lipid A assembly, leading to the eventual formation of large-size nanovesicles. Our results showed that endotoxin nanovesicles with such dense lipid A units can elicit the stronger inflammatory gene expressions, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1A, TNF-α, C-X-C chemokine ligand (CXCL) 1, 2, and 11, which have characteristics of T-helper 1 adjuvants. These findings provide evidence that the concept of manipulating the surface hydrophilicity of AuNDs to control LPS assembly in order to avoid the formation of highly active cubosomes and hexosomes, and thereby modulate immunological responses appropriately, could prove useful in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsia Luo
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and ‡Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes , Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Zong Wei Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and ‡Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes , Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ti Tsai
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and ‡Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes , Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and ‡Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes , Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Pinpin Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and ‡Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes , Zhunan, Taiwan
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Kim SH, Madak-Erdogan Z, Bae SC, Carlson KE, Mayne CG, Granick S, Katzenellenbogen BS, Katzenellenbogen JA. Ligand Accessibility and Bioactivity of a Hormone-Dendrimer Conjugate Depend on pH and pH History. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10326-35. [PMID: 26186415 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen conjugates with a polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer have shown remarkably selective regulation of the nongenomic actions of estrogens in target cells. In response to pH changes, however, these estrogen-dendrimer conjugates (EDCs) display a major morphological transition that alters the accessibility of the estrogen ligands that compromises the bioactivity of the EDC. A sharp break in dynamic behavior near pH 7 occurs for three different ligands on the surface of a PAMAM-G6 dendrimer: a fluorophore (tetramethylrhodamine [TMR]) and two estrogens (17α-ethynylestradiol and diphenolic acid). Collisional quenching and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy experiments with TMR-PAMAM revealed high ligand shielding above pH 7 and low shielding below pH 7. Furthermore, when the pH was cycled from 8.5 (conditions of ligand-PAMAM conjugation) to 4.5 (e.g., endosome/lysosome) and through 6.5 (e.g., hypoxic environment) back to pH 8.5, the 17α-ethynylestradiol- and diphenolic acid-PAMAM conjugates experienced a dramatic, irreversible loss in cell stimulatory activity; dynamic NMR studies indicated that the hormonal ligands had become occluded within the more hydrophobic core of the PAMAM dendrimer. Thus, the active state of these estrogen-dendrimer conjugates appears to be metastable. This pH-dependent irreversible masking of activity is of considerable relevance to the design of drug conjugates with amine-bearing PAMAM dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sung Chul Bae
- §IBS Center for Soft and Living Matter and UNIST, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | | | | | - Steve Granick
- §IBS Center for Soft and Living Matter and UNIST, Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
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Barraza LF, Jiménez VA, Alderete JB. Effect of PEGylation on the Structure and Drug Loading Capacity of PAMAM-G4 Dendrimers: A Molecular Modeling Approach on the Complexation of 5-Fluorouracil with Native and PEGylated PAMAM-G4. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis F. Barraza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepción; Casilla 160-C Concepción 4070371 Chile
| | - Verónica A. Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Universidad Andres Bello; Sede Concepción; Talcahuano 4260000 Chile
| | - Joel B. Alderete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepción; Casilla 160-C Concepción 4070371 Chile
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Das AK, Hsiao PY. Charged dendrimers under the action of AC electric fields: breathing characteristics of molecular size, polarizations, and ion distributions. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:084902. [PMID: 25725752 DOI: 10.1063/1.4908563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Langevin dynamics simulations are performed to study the response of charged dendrimers in alternating current electric fields in 3:1 salt solutions. Time evolutions of molecular size show breathing characteristics which take saw-tooth-like patterns in square-wave electric fields and undulated sine-function ones in sine-wave fields. Detailed study reveals how the dendrimer and condensed ions oscillate in the electric fields, which result in polarization of the molecule. To effect a significant deformation of the dendrimer, the applied field amplitude must be larger than some critical strength Ecrit and the field frequency smaller than a threshold fcrit. The response behavior is characterized by two relaxation times in square-wave fields, both of which decrease linearly with the strong field strength larger than Ecrit. In sine-wave fields, the molecular size exhibits interesting hysteretic behavior in plotting the curves with the field variation. A Maxwell-Wagner type polarization theory is derived and proved by simulations, which connects fcrit with the strength of the applied electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Das
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Yi Hsiao
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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He X, Alves CS, Oliveira N, Rodrigues J, Zhu J, Bányai I, Tomás H, Shi X. RGD peptide-modified multifunctional dendrimer platform for drug encapsulation and targeted inhibition of cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 125:82-9. [PMID: 25437067 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of multifunctional nanoscale drug-delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy still remains a great challenge. Here, we report the synthesis of cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide-conjugated generation 5 (G5) poly(amidoamine) dendrimers for anticancer drug encapsulation and targeted therapy of cancer cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrins. In this study, amine-terminated G5 dendrimers were used as a platform to be sequentially modified with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FI) via a thiourea linkage and RGD peptide via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer, followed by acetylation of the remaining dendrimer terminal amines. The developed multifunctional dendrimer platform (G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD) was then used to encapsulate an anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). We show that approximately six DOX molecules are able to be encapsulated within each dendrimer platform. The formed complexes are water-soluble, stable, and able to release DOX in a sustained manner. One- and two-dimensional NMR techniques were applied to investigate the interaction between dendrimers and DOX, and the impact of the environmental pH on the release rate of DOX from the dendrimer/DOX complexes was also explored. Furthermore, cell biological studies demonstrate that the encapsulation of DOX within the G5.NHAc-FI-PEG-RGD dendrimers does not compromise the anticancer activity of DOX and that the therapeutic efficacy of the dendrimer/DOX complexes is solely related to the encapsulated DOX drug. Importantly, thanks to the role played by RGD-mediated targeting, the developed dendrimer/drug complexes are able to specifically target αvβ3 integrin-overexpressing cancer cells and display specific therapeutic efficacy to the target cells. The developed RGD peptide-targeted multifunctional dendrimers may thus be used as a versatile platform for targeted therapy of different types of αvβ3 integrin-overexpressing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan He
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Carla S Alves
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Nilsa Oliveira
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - István Bányai
- Department of Colloid and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Debrecen, H4032 Egyetem t.1, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
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Development of poly (I:C) modified doxorubicin loaded magnetic dendrimer nanoparticles for targeted combination therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:979-87. [PMID: 25458787 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the anticancer activity and the safety of a combinational drug delivery system using polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for doxorubicin and poly I:C delivery in vitro. Dendrimer-coated magnetic nanoparticles (DcMNPs) are suitable for drug delivery system as nanocarriers with their following properties, such as surface functional groups, symmetry perfection, internal cavities, nano-size and magnetization. These nanoparticles could be targeted to the tumor site under a magnetic field since they have a magnetic core. DcMNPs were found as a convenient vehicle for targeted doxorubicin delivery in cancer therapy. Poly (I:C) binding on doxorubicin loaded DcMNPs (DcMNPs-Dox) was reported for the first time in the literature. It was also demonstrated that loading of doxorubicin into the cavities of DcMNPs increases the binding efficiency of poly (I:C) to the surface functional groups of dendrimer up to 10 times. When we compare the in vitro cytotoxic properties of doxorubicin, poly (I:C) and poly (I:C) bound doxorubicin loaded DcMNPs (PIC-DcMNPs-Dox), it was observed that PIC-DcMNPs-Dox show the highest cytotoxic effect by passing the cell resistance mechanisms on doxorubicin resistant MCF7 (MCF7/Dox) cells. Results demonstrated that applying PIC-DcMNPs-Dox would improve the efficacy by increasing the biocompatibility of system in blood stream and the toxicity inside tumor cells. These results provide invaluable information and new insight for the design and optimization of a novel combinational drug delivery system for targeted cancer therapy.
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Zeng Y, Li P, Liu X, Yu T, Chen J, Yang G, Li Y. A “breathing” dendritic molecule—conformational fluctuation induced by external stimuli. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00714j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Yang X, Wang L, Zhou G, Sui N, Gu Y, Wan J. Electrochemical Detection of H2O2 Based on Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Graphene Oxide and Polyamidoamine Dendrimer. J CLUST SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-014-0746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Das AK, Hsiao PY. Charged dendrimers in trivalent salt solutions under the action of DC electric fields. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:6265-76. [PMID: 24837658 DOI: 10.1021/jp4116589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The structural properties and electrophoretic mobility of charged dendrimers in 3:1 electrolyte solutions subjected to direct current electric fields are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The simulated dendrimer size is studied in zero fields and found to scale as R(g) ∼ N(0.29). The dendrimers exhibit shape distortions when the applied electric field is larger than some critical value, which scales with the number of dendrimer monomers as E(z,crit) ∼ N(0.39(6)). Families of curves, such as the curves of the square of radius of gyration, the asphericity, the degree of prolateness, and the electrophoretic mobility of dendrimers, are shown to collapse to single, master curves in electric fields through appropriate scaling. This reflects the fractal characteristics of these systems. The density profile of the surface monomers and salt cations reveals two pronounced combination effects between the polarization of dendrimer complexes and stripping-off of the condensed salt cations from the dendrimer surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K Das
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, R. O. C
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Kavyani S, Amjad-Iranagh S, Modarress H. Aqueous Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer G3 and G4 Generations with Several Interior Cores at pHs 5 and 7: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:3257-66. [DOI: 10.1021/jp409195c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Kavyani
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez, Tehran, Iran 15875-4413
| | - Sepideh Amjad-Iranagh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez, Tehran, Iran 15875-4413
| | - Hamid Modarress
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez, Tehran, Iran 15875-4413
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50
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Cao L, Jia D, Wang S, Rong Y, Liu C, Wang D. Significant Influence of Distance between Amine Groups on Intrinsic Fluorescence Properties. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.130877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Analysis and Measurement Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
| | - Dandan Jia
- Analysis and Measurement Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
| | - Shaofei Wang
- Analysis and Measurement Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
| | - Yunlong Rong
- Analysis and Measurement Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
| | - Chun Liu
- Analysis and Measurement Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
| | - Dongjun Wang
- Analysis and Measurement Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology
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