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Samsuri M, Purnama P. Development of Stereocomplex Polylactide Nanocomposites as an Advanced Class of Biomaterials-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2730. [PMID: 37376376 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review paper analyzes the development of advanced class polylactide (PLA) materials through a combination of stereocomplexation and nanocomposites approaches. The similarities in these approaches provide the opportunity to generate an advanced stereocomplex PLA nanocomposite (stereo-nano PLA) material with various beneficial properties. As a potential "green" polymer with tunable characteristics (e.g., modifiable molecular structure and organic-inorganic miscibility), stereo-nano PLA could be used for various advanced applications. The molecular structure modification of PLA homopolymers and nanoparticles in stereo-nano PLA materials enables us to encounter stereocomplexation and nanocomposites constraints. The hydrogen bonding of D- and L-lactide fragments aids in the formation of stereococomplex crystallites, while the hetero-nucleation capabilities of nanofillers result in a synergism that improves the physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of materials, including stereocomplex memory (melt stability) and nanoparticle dispersion. The special properties of selected nanoparticles also allow the production of stereo-nano PLA materials with distinctive characteristics, such as electrical conductivity, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial properties. The D- and L-lactide chains in PLA copolymers provide self-assembly capabilities to form stable nanocarrier micelles for encapsulating nanoparticles. This development of advanced stereo-nano PLA with biodegradability, biocompatibility, and tunability properties shows potential for use in wider and advanced applications as a high-performance material, in engineering field, electronic, medical device, biomedical, diagnosis, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Samsuri
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Bekasi 17121, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Purba Purnama
- School of Applied STEM, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Tangerang 15339, Banten, Indonesia
- Vanadia Utama Science and Technology, PT Vanadia Utama, Jakarta 14470, Indonesia
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2
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Guo M, Zhao Z, Xie Z, Wu W, Wu W, Gao Q. Role of the Branched PEG- b-PLLA Block Chain in Stereocomplex Crystallization and Crystallization Kinetics for PDLA/MPEG- b-PLLA- g-glucose Blends with Different Architectures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15866-15879. [PMID: 36469019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The isothermal crystallization behavior and corresponding morphology evolution of poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA) blends with PLLA6.7k or MPEG-b-PLLA6.7k-g-glucose with different architectures and different PLLA-grafted copolymer contents were investigated. The formation of stereocomplexes (SCs) in between the chain branched structure of MPEG-b-PLLA6.7k-g-glucose and PDLA chains acting as the physical crosslinking points slows down the motion of PDLA chains, but the SCs could act as a heterogeneous nucleating agent for the late formation of homocrystals (HCs) in the blend system, accelerating the crystallization kinetics of HCs through enhancing the nucleation density. For PDLA/MPEG-b-PLLA6.7k-g-glucose blends, the mobility of SCs in the blend system and the nucleation density of SCs in the blends exhibit oppositional behavior during the isothermal crystallization at a Tc of 130 °C. The evolution of the crystal growth and structure during the isothermal crystallization process by rheometry has revealed the interesting role of the branched chains of MPEG-b-PLLA6.7k-g-glucose in the mechanism of the crystallization in PDLA blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing210037, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xie
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing210037, China
| | - Weixin Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing210037, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing210037, China
| | - Qinwei Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing210037, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing210037, China
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A Review on Fully Bio-Based Materials Development from Polylactide and Cellulose Nanowhiskers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194009. [PMID: 36235960 PMCID: PMC9570733 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This review covers the development of eco-friendly, bio-based materials based on polylactide (PLA) and cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs). As a biodegradable polymer, PLA is one of the promising materials to replace petroleum-based polymers. In the field of nanocomposites, CNWs offer many advantages; they are made from renewable resources and exhibit beneficial mechanical and thermal properties in combination with polymer matrix. A wide range of surface modifications has been done to improve the miscibility of CNW with the PLA homopolymer, which generally gives rise to hydrophobic properties. PLA–CNW nanocomposite materials are fully degradable and sustainable and also offer improved mechanical and thermal properties. Limitations pertaining to the miscibility of CNWs with PLA were solved through surface modification and chemical grafting on the CNW surfaces. Further development has been done by combining PLA-based material via stereocomplexation approaches in the presence of CNW particles, known as bio-stereo-nanocomposite PLA–CNW. The combination of stereocomplex crystalline structures in the presence of well-distributed CNW particles produces synergetic effects that enhance the mechanical and thermal properties, including stereocomplex memory (melt stability). The bio-based materials from PLA and CNWs may serve as eco-friendly materials owing to their sustainability (obtained from renewable resources), biodegradability, and tunability properties.
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Jing Z, Huang X, Liu X, Liao M, Zhang Z, Li Y. Crystallization, thermal and mechanical properties of stereocomplexed poly(lactide) with flexible PLLA/PCL multiblock copolymer. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13180-13191. [PMID: 35520119 PMCID: PMC9063687 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00461e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the synthesized PLLA/PCL multi-block copolymers with different compositions were introduced into a stereocomplexed poly(lactide) (sc-PLA) matrix to accelerate the stereocomplexation of PLA enantiomers and improve its inherent brittleness. The PLLA/PCL multi-block copolymers were in different compositions to adjust the molecular weight of the PLLA block. The structure, molecular weight, crystallization behavior, crystal structure and thermal stability of PLLA/PCL multi-block copolymers were investigated. The results indicated that PLLA/PCL multi-block copolymers with controllable structure and composition were successfully synthesized. On this basis, the blends of sc-PLA and PLLA/PCL multi-block copolymers were prepared by solution casting, and characterized. The results revealed that the introduction of PLLA/PCL multi-block copolymers promoted the stereocomplexation of the PLA enantiomers during the melting crystallization process to obtain a complete stereocomplexed material. But the presence of the PCL block leads to a decrease in the melting temperature of the stereocomplex and difficulty in homogeneous nucleation. Compared with sc-PLA, the elongation at break of the blends was significantly improved and their tensile strengths were only slightly reduced. And the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the blends could be adjusted by controlling the content and composition of PCL/PLLA multi-block copolymers. These results revealed that the degree of stereocomplexation and toughness of sc-PLA were improved, which may expand the application fields of PLA-based materials. The PLLA/PCL multi-block copolymer was introduced into the stereocomplexed PLA matrix, and its effect on the crystallization, thermal and mechanical properties of the stereocomplexed PLA was discussed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxin Jing
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China
| | - Mingneng Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang China
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He Y, Liu D, Wang J, Pan P, Hu W. Tammann Analysis of the Molecular Weight Selection of Polymorphic Crystal Nucleation in Symmetric Racemic Poly(lactic acid) Blends. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Coordinate Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordinate Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordinate Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wenbing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordinate Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Stereocomplex formation and hierarchical structural changes during heating of supramolecular gels obtained by polylactide racemic blends. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Körber S, Moser K, Diemert J. Development of High Temperature Resistant Stereocomplex PLA for Injection Moulding. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030384. [PMID: 35160374 PMCID: PMC8838191 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the production of stereocomplex PLA formulations (sc-PLA) by compounding and subsequent injection moulding at different mould temperatures was investigated. Several selective nucleating agents were identified and compounded with different poly(L-lactide)/poly(D-lactide) (PLLA/PDLA) ratios on a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The effect of nucleating agents (NA) on the crystallisation behaviour of the compound was systematically investigated by DSC analysis. The crystallisation behaviour of NA-21 (aluminium complex of a phosphoric ester), also in combination with talc, under cooling rates of up to 70 K/min was analysed. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) results showed a complete stereocomplex (sc) crystal formation on all specimens containing NA-21 even at the highest cooling rates. The thermo-mechanical testing of sc-PLA shows a Young’s modulus of approx. 3 GPa, yield stress of 30–40 MPa, elongation of 1%, and a heat deflection temperature (HDT-B) up to 180 °C. Processing sc-PLA exclusively via the processing route of compounding and injection moulding will open new areas of application for PLA at higher temperatures.
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Ren Q, Wu M, Weng Z, Zhu X, Li W, Huang P, Wang L, Zheng W, Ohshima M. Promoted formation of stereocomplex in enantiomeric poly(lactic acid)s induced by cellulose nanofibers. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 276:118800. [PMID: 34823806 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Stereocomplex (SC) crystallization between enantiomeric poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(D-lactic acid) (PDLA) is believed to yield poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with superior physiochemical properties. However, homocrystallization (HC) crystallites are inevitably generated in the PLLA/PDLA blends. Herein, we report a simple approach to fabricate PLLA/PDLA racemic blends with high contents of SC crystallites by introducing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The isothermal crystallization results revealed that the half-crystallization time of the PLLA/PDLA blend was significantly decreased by adding CNFs. Additionally, with the incorporation of 3 wt% modified CNFs, the PLLA/PDLA blend was overwhelmingly crystallized into SC crystallites with no HC crystallite formation. Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy findings, it was speculated that the preferred SC crystallization of PLLA/PDLA/CNF was caused by enhanced interchain molecular interactions between CNFs and PLA. This work presents a feasible and efficient method to fabricate PLA with exclusively SC crystallites, which possesses great potential for producing high-performance PLA materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ren
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minghui Wu
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; Advanced Materials and Composites Department, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Zhengsheng Weng
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiuyu Zhu
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, China
| | - Wanwan Li
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211, China
| | - Pengke Huang
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Long Wang
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wenge Zheng
- Ningbo Key Lab of Polymer Materials, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Masahiro Ohshima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
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9
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Yang J, Li W, Mu B, Xu H, Hou X, Yang Y. Hierarchical crystallization strategy adaptive to 3-dimentional printing of polylactide matrix for complete stereo-complexation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:247-257. [PMID: 34699890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy adaptive to 3D printing of PLA matrix for complete stereo-complexation was designed. Stereo-complexation has been demonstrated for its effectiveness in simultaneously improving aqueous stability and heat resistance of PLA. However, current techniques could not be directly incorporated into 3D printing of stereo-complexed PLA since stereo-complexed crystallites are easily formed before printing. High printing temperatures are thus required but decompose PLA materials at the same time. The hypothesis for this research is that controllable hierarchical crystallization in three thermal processes, the filament preparation, 3D printing and post annealing, could ensure feasibility of the strategy and a 100% stereo-complexation level in PLA matrices. Effects of extrusion, ambient and annealing temperatures on material structures were analyzed via WAXD, DSC and DMA. Resistance to hydrolysis and heat of the 3D printed PLA matrix was evaluated under practical conditions. It was showed that homo-crystallites anchored molecular chains of PLA during the post-annealing process for a high retention of tensile properties, while stereo-complexed crystallites provided stronger intermolecular interactions for improved hydrolytic and thermal resistance. This novel strategy via incorporating controlled hierarchical crystallization into 3D printing would enrich the fabrication and exploration of high-performance 3D printed PLA materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Bingnan Mu
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, 234, HECO Building, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0802, United States
| | - Helan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiuliang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, 234, HECO Building, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0802, United States; Department of Biological Systems Engineering, 2, HECO Building, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0802, United States; Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, 234, HECO Building, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0802, United States
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10
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Hashimoto K, Kurokawa N, Hotta A. Controlling the switching temperature of biodegradable shape memory polymers composed of stereocomplex polylactide / poly(,-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) blends. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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Sun C, Zheng Y, Xu S, Ni L, Li X, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Role of Chain Entanglements in the Stereocomplex Crystallization between Poly(lactic acid) Enantiomers. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1023-1028. [PMID: 35549120 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stereocomplex (SC) crystallization between polymer enantiomers has opened a promising avenue for preparing high-performance materials. However, high-crystallinity SCs are difficult to achieve for high-molecular-weight (HMW) enantiomeric blends of chiral polymers [e.g., poly(lactic acid)]. Despite extensive studies, why HMW enantiomeric blends have difficulty in SC crystallization has not been clarified. Herein, we chose the HMW poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(d-lactic acid) (PLLA/PDLA) 1/1 blend as the model system and demonstrated the crucial role of chain entanglement in regulating SC crystallization. PLLA/PDLA blends with various entanglement degrees were prepared by freeze-drying. We observed that disentangling promoted not only the crystallization rate but also the crystallinity of SCs in both the nonisothermal and isothermal processes. The less-entangled samples crystallized exclusively as the high-crystallinity SCs at different temperatures, in contrast to the predominant homocrystallization that occurred in the common entangled samples. This study provides deep insight into the SC crystallization mechanism of polymers and paves the way for future research attempting to prepare SC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lingling Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, China
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12
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Neffe AT, Izraylit V, Hommes-Schattmann PJ, Lendlein A. Soft, Formstable (Co)Polyester Blend Elastomers. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061472. [PMID: 34206137 PMCID: PMC8230036 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
High crystallization rate and thermomechanical stability make polylactide stereocomplexes effective nanosized physical netpoints. Here, we address the need for soft, form-stable degradable elastomers for medical applications by designing such blends from (co)polyesters, whose mechanical properties are ruled by their nanodimensional architecture and which are applied as single components in implants. By careful controlling of the copolymer composition and sequence structure of poly[(L-lactide)-co-(ε-caprolactone)], it is possible to prepare hyperelastic polymer blends formed through stereocomplexation by adding poly(D-lactide) (PDLA). Low glass transition temperature Tg ≤ 0 °C of the mixed amorphous phase contributes to the low Young’s modulus E. The formation of stereocomplexes is shown in DSC by melting transitions Tm > 190 °C and in WAXS by distinct scattering maxima at 2θ = 12° and 21°. Tensile testing demonstrated that the blends are soft (E = 12–80 MPa) and show an excellent hyperelastic recovery Rrec = 66–85% while having high elongation at break εb up to >1000%. These properties of the blends are attained only when the copolymer has 56–62 wt% lactide content, a weight average molar mass >140 kg·mol−1, and number average lactide sequence length ≥4.8, while the blend is formed with a content of 5–10 wt% of PDLA. The devised strategy to identify a suitable copolymer for stereocomplexation and blend formation is transferable to further polymer systems and will support the development of thermoplastic elastomers suitable for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel T. Neffe
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (A.T.N.); (V.I.); (P.J.H.-S.)
| | - Victor Izraylit
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (A.T.N.); (V.I.); (P.J.H.-S.)
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Paul J. Hommes-Schattmann
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (A.T.N.); (V.I.); (P.J.H.-S.)
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Active Polymers, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (A.T.N.); (V.I.); (P.J.H.-S.)
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence:
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13
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Purnama P, Samsuri M, Iswaldi I. Properties Enhancement of High Molecular Weight Polylactide Using Stereocomplex Polylactide as a Nucleating Agent. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1725. [PMID: 34070263 PMCID: PMC8197296 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most attractive biopolymers nowadays in terms of their sustainability, degradability, and material tune-ability, the improvement of polylactide (PLA) homopolymer properties by studying the utilization of stereocomplex polylactide (s-PLA) effectively and efficiently is needed. In this sense, we have studied the utilization of s-PLA compared to poly D-lactide (PDLA) homopolymers as a nucleating agent for PLA homopolymers. The mechanical and thermal properties and crystallization behavior of PLA homopolymers in the presence of nucleating agents have been evaluated using a universal testing machine, differential scanning calorimeter, and X-ray diffractometer instruments, respectively. PDLA and s-PLA materials can be used to increase the thermal and mechanical properties of poly L-lactide (PLLA) homopolymers. The s-PLA materials increased the mechanical properties by increasing crystallinity of the PLLA homopolymers. PLLA/s-PLA enhanced mechanical properties to a certain level (5% s-PLA content), then decreased them due to higher s-PLA materials affecting the brittleness of the blends. PDLA homopolymers increased mechanical properties by forming stereocomplex PLA with PLLA homopolymers. Non-isothermal and isothermal evaluation showed that s-PLA materials were more effective at enhancing PLLA homopolymer properties through nucleating agent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purba Purnama
- School of Applied STEM, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia;
| | - Muhammad Samsuri
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Bekasi 17121, Indonesia;
| | - Ihsan Iswaldi
- School of Applied STEM, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia;
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14
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Influence of miscible and immiscible sequences of poly(D-lactide) copolymers on the competition of stereocomplex- and homo-crystallization in poly(L-lactide) blends. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Li Z, Ye X, Meng C, Zhou H, Guo W, Chen S, Zhang J, Yan C, Dufresne A. Effects of epoxy resin crosslinking networks on stereocomplexation of poly(
l
‐lactic acid)/poly(
d
‐lactic acid) racemic blends. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Science and Engineering Education, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang China
| | - Xinxin Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Science and Engineering Education, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang China
| | - Chunfeng Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Science and Engineering Education, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang China
| | - Haijun Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Science and Engineering Education, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang China
| | - Weijie Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Science and Engineering Education, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang China
| | - Shangtao Chen
- Synthetic Resin Laboratory Petro China Petrochemical Research Institute Beijing China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Science and Engineering Education, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang China
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16
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Liu J, Qi X, Feng Q, Lan Q. Suppression of Phase Separation for Exclusive Stereocomplex Crystallization of a High-Molecular-Weight Racemic Poly(l-lactide)/Poly(d-lactide) Blend from the Glassy State. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingqun Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xinliang Qi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qianjin Feng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiaofeng Lan
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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17
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Tsuji H, Sato S, Masaki N, Arakawa Y, Yoshizaki Y, Kuzuya A, Ohya Y. Stereocomplex crystallization, homocrystallization, and polymorphism of enantiomeric copolyesteramides poly(lactic acid‐
co
‐alanine)s from the melt. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of EngineeringToyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi Japan
| | - Shotaro Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and BioengineeringKansai University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Noriaki Masaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of EngineeringToyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi Japan
| | - Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Graduate School of EngineeringToyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshizaki
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology (ORDIST)Kansai University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Akinori Kuzuya
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and BioengineeringKansai University Suita Osaka Japan
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology (ORDIST)Kansai University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Yuichi Ohya
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and BioengineeringKansai University Suita Osaka Japan
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology (ORDIST)Kansai University Suita Osaka Japan
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18
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Xie Q, Han L, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Promoted stereocomplex formation and two‐step crystallization kinetics of poly(
l
‐lactic acid)/poly(
d
‐lactic acid) blends induced by nucleator. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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19
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Chen Y, Hua WQ, Zhang ZC, Xu JZ, Bian FG, Zhong GJ, Xu L, Li ZM. An efficient, food contact accelerator for stereocomplexation of high-molecular-weight poly( -lactide)/ poly( -lactide) blend under nonisothermal crystallization. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Sun Y, Fan X, Lu X, He C. Overcome the Conflict between Strength and Toughness in Poly(lactide) Nanocomposites through Tailoring Matrix-Filler Interface. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800047. [PMID: 29774615 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Strength and toughness are the two most important prerequisites for structural applications. Unfortunately, these two properties are often in conflict in materials. Here, an effective and yet practical strategy is proposed to simultaneously strengthen and toughen poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) using a simple rigid-rubber "reinforcing element." This element consists of a rigid graphene oxide (GO) sheet covalently coupled with poly(caprolactone-co-lactide) (PCLLA) rubbery layers, which can be easily synthesized and incorporated into PLLA matrix to develop composites with well-tailored GO/PLLA interfaces. It is demonstrated that by adding the "reinforcing element," i.e., GO-graft-rubber-graft-polyd-lactide), PLLA exhibits higher strength and higher toughness, which could be attributed to the synergy of rigid GO and rubbery PCLLA working in tandem during deformation. It is further demonstrated that this strategy can also be applied to other filler systems, such as clay and particulate polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, and other polymer systems, such as poly(methyl methacrylate). The strategy could be considered as a general design principle for reinforcing materials where both strength and toughness are the key concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602, Singapore
| | - Xiaoshan Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Xuehong Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602, Singapore
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21
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Tsuji H, Sato S, Masaki N, Arakawa Y, Kuzuya A, Ohya Y. Synthesis, stereocomplex crystallization and homo-crystallization of enantiomeric poly(lactic acid-co-alanine)s with ester and amide linkages. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02024d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Hydroxy acid and α-amino acid-derived poly(l-lactic acid-co-l-alanine)s and poly(d-lactic acid-co-d-alanine)s with different alanine unit contents were synthesized and their stereocomplex crystallization and homo-crystallization were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Shotaro Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Materials and Bioengineering
- Kansai University
- Suita
| | - Noriaki Masaki
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Yuki Arakawa
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi
- Japan
| | - Akinori Kuzuya
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Materials and Bioengineering
- Kansai University
- Suita
| | - Yuichi Ohya
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Materials and Bioengineering
- Kansai University
- Suita
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22
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Yang S, Xu JZ, Li Y, Lei J, Zhong GJ, Wang R, Li ZM. Effects of Solvents on Stereocomplex Crystallization of High-Molecular-Weight Polylactic Acid Racemic Blends in the Presence of Carbon Nanotubes. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Jia-Zhuang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Jun Lei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Ruyin Wang
- Corbion Purac China; Unit 08-09, 30F, No. 6088 Humin Road Minhang District Shanghai 201100 P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
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23
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Im SH, Lee CW, Bibi G, Jung Y, Kim SH. Supercritical fluid technology parameters affecting size and behavior of stereocomplex polylactide particles and their composites. POLYM ENG SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyuk Im
- NBITKU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea UniversitySeongbuk‐gu Seoul02841 Republic of Korea
- Center for BiomaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792 Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Woo Lee
- NBITKU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea UniversitySeongbuk‐gu Seoul02841 Republic of Korea
- Korea Western Power Co., Ltd, Taean‐eupTaean‐gun Chungcheongnam‐do32140 Republic of Korea
| | - Gulnaz Bibi
- Center for BiomaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringDongguk University‐SeoulJung‐gu Seoul100‐715 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Center for BiomaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792 Republic of Korea
- Korea University of Science and TechnologyYuseong‐gu Daejeon34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- NBITKU‐KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea UniversitySeongbuk‐gu Seoul02841 Republic of Korea
- Center for BiomaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Seoul02792 Republic of Korea
- Korea University of Science and TechnologyYuseong‐gu Daejeon34113 Republic of Korea
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24
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Jikei M, Yamadoi Y, Suga T, Matsumoto K. Stereocomplex formation of poly(l-lactide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) multiblock copolymers with Poly(d-lactide). POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Bao J, Xue X, Li K, Chang X, Xie Q, Yu C, Pan P. Competing Stereocomplexation and Homocrystallization of Poly(l-lactic acid)/Poly(d-lactic acid) Racemic Mixture: Effects of Miscible Blending with Other Polymers. J Phys Chem B 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b03287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianna Bao
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaojia Xue
- The Institute of Oil and Gas Technology of Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, China
| | - Kai Li
- The Institute of Oil and Gas Technology of Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, China
| | - Xiaohua Chang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qing Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chengtao Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
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26
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Jing Z, Shi X, Zhang G. Competitive Stereocomplexation and Homocrystallization Behaviors in the Poly(lactide) Blends of PLLA and PDLA-PEG-PDLA with Controlled Block Length. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E107. [PMID: 30970786 PMCID: PMC6432197 DOI: 10.3390/polym9030107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereocomplex poly(lactide) (PLA) was obtained by solution blending of linear PLLA and PDLA-PEG-PDLA. Effects of the L/D ratios, PEG block, and PDLA block on stereocomplexation of the blends are systemically discussed. The full stereocomplex PLA can be acquired by solution blending when L/D ratios are in the range of 7/3⁻5/5. The experiment results demonstrated that the stereocomplex degree of PLLA/PDLA-PEG-PDLA prepared by melt blending was closely related to the PEG block and PDLA block. POM results indicated that the blends with high L/D ratio showed large disordered spherulites, and the typical Maltese cross pattern was observed as the L/D ratios decreased. The results of PEG block on the stereocomplexation of PLLA/PDLA-PEG-PDLA revealed that the PEG blocks possessed two sides: accelerating agent for the mobility of polymer chains and decreasing nucleation capacity due to their diluting effect. The effect of PDLA block on the stereocomplexation of the blends was also well investigated. The results showed that the crystallization of sc-crystallites and hc-crystallites in the PLLA/PDLA-PEG4k-PDLA blends with different PDLA blocks presents an obvious competition relationship, and this is not beneficial to the formation of sc-crystallites with increasing PDLA block. The melting behavior of PLLA/PDLA-PEG4k-PDLA with different PDLA blocks after isothermal crystallization showed that the blends could achieve full stereocomplex when the crystallization temperature exceeded 160 °C, and a crystallite with high perfection could be formed as the crystallization temperature increased. This study systemically investigated the effects of the L/D ratios, PEG block, PDLA block, and crystallization conditions on stereocomplex crystallization of PLLA/PDLA-PEG-PDLA blends, which can provide potential approaches to control the microstructure and physical performances of PLLA/PDLA-PEG-PDLA blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxin Jing
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, College of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xuetao Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, College of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Guangcheng Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, College of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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27
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Shen SQ, Bao RY, Liu ZY, Yang W, Xie BH, Yang MB. Supercooling-dependent morphology evolution of an organic nucleating agent in poly(l-lactide)/poly(d-lactide) blends. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00093f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Abstract
Upon blending enantiomeric poly(l-lactide) [i.e., poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA)] and poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) [i.e., poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA)] or synthesis of stereo block poly(lactide) [i.e., poly(lactic acid) (PLA)], a stereocomplex (SC) is formed. PLA SC has a higher melting temperature (or heat resistance), mechanical performance, and hydrolysis-resistance compared to those of neat PLLA and PDLA. Because of such effects, PLA SC has been extensively studied in terms of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications as well as commodity, industrial, and environmental applications. Stereocomplexation stabilizes and strengthens PLA-based hydrogel or nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Stereocomplexation increases the barrier property of PLA-based materials and thereby prolongs drug release from PLA based materials. In addition, PLA SC is attracting significant attention because it can act as a nucleating agent for the widely used biobased polymer PLLA and thereby the heat resistance of PLLA-based materials can be enhanced. Interestingly, a wide variety of SCs other than PLA SC are found to have been formed in the enantiomeric substituted PLA blends and stereo block substituted PLA polymers. In the present review article, a decade of progress in investigation of PLA SCs is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
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29
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Li Z, Tan BH, Lin T, He C. Recent advances in stereocomplexation of enantiomeric PLA-based copolymers and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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30
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Han L, Yu C, Zhou J, Shan G, Bao Y, Yun X, Dong T, Pan P. Enantiomeric blends of high-molecular-weight poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) triblock copolymers: Enhanced stereocomplexation and thermomechanical properties. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Yu C, Han L, Bao J, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Polymorphic Crystallization and Crystalline Reorganization of Poly(l-lactic acid)/Poly(d-lactic acid) Racemic Mixture Influenced by Blending with Poly(vinylidene fluoride). J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:8046-54. [PMID: 27414064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b06387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) on the crystallization kinetics, competing formations of homocrystallites (HCs) and stereocomplexes (SCs), polymorphic crystalline structure, and HC-to-SC crystalline reorganization of the poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(d-lactic acid) (PLLA/PDLA) racemic mixture were investigated. Even though the PLLA/PDLA/PVDF blends are immiscible, blending with PVDF enhances the crystallization rate and SC formation of PLLA/PDLA components at different temperatures that are higher or lower than the melting temperature of the PVDF component; it also facilitates the HC-to-SC melt reorganization upon heating. The crystallization rate and degree of SC crystallinity (Xc,SC) of PLLA/PDLA components in nonisothermal crystallization increase after immiscible blending with PVDF. At different isothermal crystallization temperatures, the crystallization half-time of PLLA/PDLA components decreases; its spherulitic growth rate and Xc,SC increase as the mass fraction of PVDF increases from 0 to 0.5 in the presence of either a solidified or a molten PVDF phase. The HCs formed in primary crystallization of PLLA/PDLA components melt and recrystallize into SCs upon heating; the HC-to-SC melt reorganization is promoted after blending with PVDF. We proposed that the PVDF-promoted crystallization, SC formation, and HC-to-SC melt reorganization of PLLA/PDLA components in PLLA/PDLA/PVDF blends stem from the enhanced diffusion ability of PLLA and PDLA chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianna Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
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32
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Li X, Liu Y, Wan L, Li Z, Suh H, Ren J, Ocola LE, Hu W, Ji S, Nealey PF. Effect of Stereochemistry on Directed Self-Assembly of Poly(styrene- b-lactide) Films on Chemical Patterns. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:396-401. [PMID: 35614711 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated here for the first time that the stereochemistry of polylactide (PLA) blocks affected the assembly behaviors of PS-b-PLA on chemical patterns. Two PS-b-PLA block copolymers, where the PLA block is either racemic (PDLLA) or left-handed (PLLA), were synthesized and directed to assemble on chemical patterns with a wide range of Ls/L0. PS-b-PDLLA was stretched up to 70% on chemical patterns, while PS-b-PLLA was only stretched by 20%. The assembly behavior of PS-b-PDLLA was different from AB diblock copolymer, but similar to that of ABA triblock copolymer. The high stretchability might be attributed to the formation of stereocomplexes in PDLLA blocks. Compared to ABA triblock copolymers, stereocomplexed diblock copolymers have much faster assembly kinetics. This observation provides a new concept to achieve large process windows by the introduction of specific interactions, for example, H-bonding, supramolecular interaction, and sterecomplexation, between polymer chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yadong Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lei Wan
- HGST−a
Western Digital Company, 3403 Yerba
Buena Road, San Jose, California 95135, United States
| | - Zhaolei Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China
| | - Hyoseon Suh
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jiaxing Ren
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Leonidas E. Ocola
- Center for
Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Wenbing Hu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093 Nanjing, China
| | - Shengxiang Ji
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Institute
for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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33
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Tsuji H. WITHDRAWN: PLA Stereocomplexes: A Decade of Progress. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016:S0169-409X(16)30009-6. [PMID: 26785171 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan.
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34
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Jiang L, Shen T, Xu P, Zhao X, Li X, Dong W, Ma P, Chen M. Crystallization modification of poly(lactide) by using nucleating agents and stereocomplexation. E-POLYMERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2015-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPoly(lactide), PLA, as one of the most promising biopolymers, has been receiving increasing attention in recent years because of its excellent performances in renewability, mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, its application is limited by its brittleness and low heat distortion temperatures (HDT). The low HDT mainly results from a low crystallization rate and lack of crystallinity after fast processing, e.g. injection molding. Consequently, considerable attention was paid, in recent years, to achieve fast(er) crystallization of PLA. In here, we briefly review the research progress in the crystallization modification of PLA notably by means of adding nucleating agents and stereocomplexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiang
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianfeng Shen
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pengwu Xu
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiyuan Zhao
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weifu Dong
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- 1The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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35
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Han L, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Exclusive Stereocomplex Crystallization of Linear and Multiarm Star-Shaped High-Molecular-Weight Stereo Diblock Poly(lactic acid)s. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14270-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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36
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Ma P, Jiang L, Xu P, Dong W, Chen M, Lemstra PJ. Rapid Stereocomplexation between Enantiomeric Comb-Shaped Cellulose-g-poly(L-lactide) Nanohybrids and Poly(D-lactide) from the Melt. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3723-9. [PMID: 26444105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work we report the in situ preparation of fully biobased stereocomplex poly(lactide) (SC-PLA) nanocomposites grafted onto nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). The stereocomplexation rate by compounding high-molar-mass poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) with comb-like NCC grafted poly(L-lactide) is rather high in comparison with mixtures of PDLA and PLLA. The rapid stereocomplexation was evidenced by a high stereocomplexation temperature (Tc-sc = 145 °C) and a high SC crystallinity (Xc-sc = 38%) upon fast cooling (50 °C/min) from the melt (250 °C for 2 min), which are higher than currently reported values. Moreover, the half-life crystallization time (175-190 °C) of the SC-PLA was shortened by 84-92% in comparison with the PDLA/PLLA blends. The high(er) stereocomplexation rate and the melt stability of the SC in the nanocomposites were ascribed to the nucleation effect of the chemically bonded NCC and the "memory effect" of molecular pairs in the stereocomplex melt because of the confined freedom of the grafted PLLA chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pengwu Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piet J Lemstra
- PlemPolco BV , De Zicht 11, 5502 HV Veldhoven, The Netherlands
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37
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Bao J, Han L, Shan G, Bao Y, Pan P. Preferential Stereocomplex Crystallization in Enantiomeric Blends of Cellulose Acetate-g-Poly(lactic acid)s with Comblike Topology. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12689-98. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianna Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
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38
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Pan P, Han L, Bao J, Xie Q, Shan G, Bao Y. Competitive Stereocomplexation, Homocrystallization, and Polymorphic Crystalline Transition in Poly(l-lactic acid)/Poly(d-lactic acid) Racemic Blends: Molecular Weight Effects. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:6462-70. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jianna Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical
Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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39
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Han L, Pan P, Shan G, Bao Y. Stereocomplex crystallization of high-molecular-weight poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(d-lactic acid) racemic blends promoted by a selective nucleator. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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Bao RY, Yang W, Liu ZY, Xie BH, Yang MB. Polymorphism of a high-molecular-weight racemic poly(l-lactide)/poly(d-lactide) blend: effect of melt blending with poly(methyl methacrylate). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00691k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The polymorphic crystallization of a high-molecular-weight PLLA/PDLA blend can be tailored by the amount of PMMA and dynamic and isothermal crystallization conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Bang-Hu Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Chengdu
- China
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41
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42
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Sun Y, He C. Biodegradable “Core–Shell” Rubber Nanoparticles and Their Toughening of Poly(lactides). Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
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43
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Purnama P, Kim SH. Biodegradable blends of stereocomplex polylactide and lignin by supercritical carbon dioxide-solvent system. Macromol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-014-2004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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44
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Purnama P, Hyun Kim S. Stereocomplex formation of polylactide using microwave irradiation. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Purba Purnama
- Biomaterials Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 136-791 Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology; Korea University; Seoul 136-701 Korea
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45
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Kang MK, Jung Y, Kim SH. Biodegradable stereocomplex polylactide having flexible ɛ-caprolactone unit. Macromol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-013-1120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Bao RY, Yang W, Jiang WR, Liu ZY, Xie BH, Yang MB. Polymorphism of Racemic Poly(l-lactide)/Poly(d-lactide) Blend: Effect of Melt and Cold Crystallization. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:3667-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp311878f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen-Rou Jiang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng-Ying Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Bang-Hu Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer
Materials Engineering, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
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