1
|
Hutsch S, Leonard A, Grätz S, Höfler MV, Gutmann T, Borchardt L. Mechanochemical Cyclotrimerization: A Versatile Tool to Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Stacking Mode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403649. [PMID: 38682640 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
We introduce the first mechanochemical cyclotrimerization of nitriles, a facile strategy for synthesizing triazine-containing molecules and materials, overcoming challenges related to carbonization and solubility. Conducting this solid-state approach in a mixer ball mill with 4-Methylbenzonitrile, we synthesize Tris(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine quantitatively in as little as 90 minutes. Just as fast, this mechanochemical method facilitates the synthesis of the covalent triazine framework CTF-1 using 1,4 Dicyanobenzene. Material characterization confirms its porous (650 m2 g-1) and crystalline nature. Adjusting the induced mechanical energy allows control over the obtained stacking conformation of the resulting CTFs - from a staggered AB arrangement to an eclipsed AA stacking conformation. Finally, a substrate scope demonstrates the versatility of this approach, successfully yielding various CTFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hutsch
- Department Inorganic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Allison Leonard
- Department Inorganic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Department Inorganic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mark Valentin Höfler
- Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg Strasse 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg Strasse 8, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Department Inorganic Chemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin H, Yang Y, Hsu YC, Zhang J, Welton C, Afolabi I, Loo M, Zhou HC. Metal-Organic Frameworks for Water Harvesting and Concurrent Carbon Capture: A Review for Hygroscopic Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2209073. [PMID: 36693232 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As water scarcity becomes a pending global issue, hygroscopic materials prove a significant solution. Thus, there is a good cause following the structure-performance relationship to review the recent development of hygroscopic materials and provide inspirational insight into creative materials. Herein, traditional hygroscopic materials, crystalline frameworks, polymers, and composite materials are reviewed. The similarity in working conditions of water harvesting and carbon capture makes simultaneously addressing water shortages and reduction of greenhouse effects possible. Concurrent water harvesting and carbon capture is likely to become a future challenge. Therefore, an emphasis is laid on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for their excellent performance in water and CO2 adsorption, and representative role of micro- and mesoporous materials. Herein, the water adsorption mechanisms of MOFs are summarized, followed by a review of MOF's water stability, with a highlight on the emerging machine learning (ML) technique to predict MOF water stability and water uptake. Recent advances in the mechanistic elaboration of moisture's effects on CO2 adsorption are reviewed. This review summarizes recent advances in water-harvesting porous materials with special attention on MOFs and expects to direct researchers' attention into the topic of concurrent water harvesting and carbon capture as a future challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengyu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yihao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yu-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Claire Welton
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ibukun Afolabi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Marshal Loo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jabbour R, Ashling CW, Robinson TC, Khan AH, Wisser D, Berruyer P, Ghosh AC, Ranscht A, Keen DA, Brunner E, Canivet J, Bennett TD, Mellot-Draznieks C, Lesage A, Wisser FM. Unravelling the Molecular Structure and Confining Environment of an Organometallic Catalyst Heterogenized within Amorphous Porous Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310878. [PMID: 37647152 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic activity of multifunctional, microporous materials is directly linked to the spatial arrangement of their structural building blocks. Despite great achievements in the design and incorporation of isolated catalytically active metal complexes within such materials, a detailed understanding of their atomic-level structure and the local environment of the active species remains a fundamental challenge, especially when these latter are hosted in non-crystalline organic polymers. Here, we show that by combining computational chemistry with pair distribution function analysis, 129 Xe NMR, and Dynamic Nuclear Polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy, a very accurate description of the molecular structure and confining surroundings of a catalytically active Rh-based organometallic complex incorporated inside the cavity of amorphous bipyridine-based porous polymers is obtained. Small, but significant, differences in the structural properties of the polymers are highlighted depending on their backbone motifs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ribal Jabbour
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christopher W Ashling
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Thomas C Robinson
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arafat Hossain Khan
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dorothea Wisser
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pierrick Berruyer
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ashta C Ghosh
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Alisa Ranscht
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - David A Keen
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Eike Brunner
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jérôme Canivet
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Thomas D Bennett
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Caroline Mellot-Draznieks
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques (LCPB), Collège de France, PSL Research University, CNRS Sorbonne Université, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florian M Wisser
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Krusenbaum A, Hinojosa SK, Fabig S, Becker V, Grätz S, Borchardt L. Rationalizing the formation of porosity in mechanochemically-synthesized polymers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37326302 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a matrix of 144 mechanochemically-synthesized polymers. All polymers were constructed by the solvent-free Friedel-Crafts polymerization approach, employing 16 aryl-containing monomers and 9 halide-containing linkers, which were processed in a high-speed ball mill. This Polymer Matrix was utilized to investigate the origin of porosity in Friedel-Crafts polymerizations in detail. By examining the physical state, molecular size, geometry, flexibility, and electronic structure of the utilized monomers and linkers, we identified the most important factors influencing the formation of porous polymers. We analyzed the significance of these factors for both monomers and linkers based on the yield and specific surface area of the generated polymers. Our in-depth evaluation serves as a benchmark study for future targeted design of porous polymers by the facile and sustainable concept of mechanochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Krusenbaum
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Steffi Krause Hinojosa
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Sven Fabig
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Valentin Becker
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Sven Grätz
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Combining Polymerization and Templating toward Hyper-Cross-Linked Poly(propargyl aldehyde)s and Poly(propargyl alcohol)s for Reversible H 2O and CO 2 Capture and Construction of Porous Chiral Networks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030743. [PMID: 36772045 PMCID: PMC9919244 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Two series of hyper-cross-linked microporous polyacetylene networks containing either -[CH=C(CH=O)]- or -[CH=C(CH2OH)]- monomeric units are reported. Networks are prepared by chain-growth copolymerization of acetal-protected propargyl aldehyde and acetal-protected propargyl alcohol with a 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene cross-linker followed by hydrolytic deprotection/detemplating. Deprotection not only liberates reactive CH=O and CH2OH groups in the networks but also modifies the texture of the networks towards higher microporosity and higher specific surface area. The final networks with CH=O and CH2OH groups attached directly to the polyene main chains of the networks have a specific surface area from 400 to 800 m2/g and contain functional groups in a high amount, up to 9.6 mmol/g. The CH=O and CH2OH groups in the networks serve as active centres for the reversible capture of CO2 and water vapour. The water vapour capture capacities of the networks (up to 445 mg/g at 297 K) are among the highest values reported for porous polymers, making these materials promising for cyclic water harvesting from the air. Covalent modification of the networks with (R)-(+)-3-aminopyrrolidine and (S)-(+)-2-methylbutyric acid enables the preparation of porous chiral networks and shows networks with CH=O and CH2OH groups as reactive supports suitable for the anchoring of various functional molecules.
Collapse
|
6
|
Synthesis and Characterization of Benzene- and Triazine-Based Azo-Bridged Porous Organic Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15010229. [PMID: 36616577 PMCID: PMC9824540 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous organic polymers incorporating nitrogen-rich functionalities have recently emerged as promising materials for efficient and highly selective CO2 capture and separation. Herein, we report synthesis and characterization of new two-dimensional (2D) benzene- and triazine-based azo-bridged porous organic polymers. Different synthetic approaches towards the porous azo-bridged polymers were tested, including reductive homocoupling of aromatic nitro monomers, oxidative homocoupling of aromatic amino monomers and heterocoupling of aromatic nitro monomers and a series of aromatic diamines of different lengths and rigidity. IR spectroscopy, 13C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments and computational study were used to characterize structures and properties of the resulting polymers. The synthesized azo-bridged polymers are all amorphous solids of good thermal stability, exhibiting various surface areas (up to 351 m2 g-1). The obtained results indicated that the synthetic methods and building units have a pronounced effect on the porosity of the final materials. Reductive and oxidative homocoupling of aromatic nitro and amino building units, respectively, lead to 2D azo-bridged polymers of substantially higher porosity when compared to those produced by heterocoupling reactions. Periodic DFT calculations and Grand-canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations suggested that, within the used approximations, linear linkers of different lengths do not significantly affect CO2 adsorption properties of model azo-bridged polymers.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bai M. G M, Nipate AB, Rao MR. Selectively sensing amines through aldehyde-functional conjugated microporous organic polymers via Pd-catalyzed direct arylation. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
8
|
Bai MMG, Bramhaiah K, Bhattacharyya S, Rao RM. Acid‐Modulated Synthesis of Novel π‐Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Efficient Metal‐Free Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202023. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika M. G. Bai
- Department of Chemistry IIT Dharwad Dharwad Karnataka 580011 India
| | - K. Bramhaiah
- Department of Chemical Sciences IISER Berhampur Transit Campus (Govt. ITI Building) Engg. School Road Berhampur Odisha 760010 India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical Sciences IISER Berhampur Transit Campus (Govt. ITI Building) Engg. School Road Berhampur Odisha 760010 India
| | - Rajeswara M. Rao
- Department of Chemistry IIT Dharwad Dharwad Karnataka 580011 India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gannett CN, Kim J, Tirtariyadi D, Milner PJ, Abruña HD. Investigation of ion-electrode interactions of linear polyimides and alkali metal ions for next generation alternative-ion batteries. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9191-9201. [PMID: 36093008 PMCID: PMC9384138 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02939a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic electrode materials offer unique opportunities to utilize ion-electrode interactions to develop diverse, versatile, and high-performing secondary batteries, particularly for applications requiring high power densities. However, a lack of well-defined structure-property relationships for redox-active organic materials restricts the advancement of the field. Herein, we investigate a family of diimide-based polymer materials with several charge-compensating ions (Li+, Na+, K+) in order to systematically probe how redox-active moiety, ion, and polymer flexibility dictate their thermodynamic and kinetic properties. When favorable ion-electrode interactions are employed (e.g., soft K+ anions with soft perylenediimide dianions), the resulting batteries demonstrate increased working potentials and improved cycling stabilities. Further, for all polymers examined herein, we demonstrate that K+ accesses the highest percentage of redox-active groups due to its small solvation shell/energy. Through crown ether experiments, cyclic voltammetry, and activation energy measurements, we provide insights into the charge compensation mechanisms of three different polymer structures and rationalize these findings in terms of the differing degrees of improvements observed when cycling with K+. Critically, we find that the most flexible polymer enables access to the highest fraction of active sites due to the small activation energy barrier during charge/discharge. These results suggest that improved capacities may be accessible by employing more flexible structures. Overall, our in-depth structure-activity investigation demonstrates how variables such as polymer structure and cation can be used to optimize battery performance and enable the realization of novel battery chemistries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara N Gannett
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA
| | - Dave Tirtariyadi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA
| | - Phillip J Milner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA
| | - Héctor D Abruña
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University Ithaca NY 14850 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alloush AM, Abdulghani H, Amasha HA, Saleh TA, Al Hamouz OCS. Microwave-assisted synthesis of novel porous organic polymers for effective selective capture of CO2. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
11
|
Alves Fávaro M, Ditz D, Yang J, Bergwinkl S, Ghosh AC, Stammler M, Lorentz C, Roeser J, Quadrelli EA, Thomas A, Palkovits R, Canivet J, Wisser FM. Finding the Sweet Spot of Photocatalysis─A Case Study Using Bipyridine-Based CTFs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14182-14192. [PMID: 35293203 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are a class of porous organic polymers that continuously attract growing interest because of their outstanding chemical and physical properties. However, the control of extended porous organic framework structures at the molecular scale for a precise adjustment of their properties has hardly been achieved so far. Here, we present a series of bipyridine-based CTFs synthesized through polycondensation, in which the sequence of specific building blocks is well controlled. The reported synthetic strategy allows us to tailor the physicochemical features of the CTF materials, including the nitrogen content, the apparent specific surface area, and optoelectronic properties. Based on a comprehensive analytical investigation, we demonstrate a direct correlation of the CTF bipyridine content with the material features such as the specific surface area, band gap, charge separation, and surface wettability with water. The entirety of these parameters dictates the catalytic activity as demonstrated for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The material with the optimal balance between optoelectronic properties and highest hydrophilicity enables HER production rates of up to 7.2 mmol/(h·g) under visible light irradiation and in the presence of a platinum cocatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Alves Fávaro
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Ditz
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jin Yang
- Fakultät II Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bergwinkl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ashta C Ghosh
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Michael Stammler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Chantal Lorentz
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Roeser
- Fakultät II Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Arne Thomas
- Fakultät II Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jérôme Canivet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Florian M Wisser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gong K, Li C, Zhang D, Lu H, Wang Y, Li H, Zhang H. Sulfonic acid functionalized covalent organic frameworks as efficient catalyst for the one-pot tandem reactions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
13
|
Krusenbaum A, Geisler J, Kraus FJL, Grätz S, Höfler MV, Gutmann T, Borchardt L. The mechanochemical Friedel‐Crafts polymerization as a solvent‐free cross‐linking approach toward microporous polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Krusenbaum
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr‐Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 Bochum 44801 Germany
| | - Jonathan Geisler
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr‐Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 Bochum 44801 Germany
| | - Fabien Joel Leon Kraus
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr‐Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 Bochum 44801 Germany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr‐Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 Bochum 44801 Germany
| | - Mark Valentin Höfler
- Technical University Darmstadt, Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Alarich‐Weiss‐Str. 8 Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Technical University Darmstadt, Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Alarich‐Weiss‐Str. 8 Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr‐Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 Bochum 44801 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Q, Sun Y, Li H, Tang K, Zhong YW, Wang D, Guo Y, Liu Y. Synthesis of Two-Dimensional C-C Bonded Truxene-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks by Irreversible Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Cyclotrimerization. RESEARCH 2021; 2021:9790705. [PMID: 34549185 PMCID: PMC8435030 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9790705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new C-C bonded two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is highly desirable. Here, a simple but effective synthetic strategy has been developed using an irreversible Brønsted acid-catalyzed aldol cyclotrimerization reaction by virtue of truxene as a linkage. Nonolefin C-C bonded 2D truxene-based covalent organic frameworks (Tru-COFs) were constructed by polymerization of 1,3,5-triindanonebenzene (TDB). The structure formation was confirmed by wide-angle X-ray scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and solid-state 13C CP/MAS NMR. The results showed that the Tru-COFs were porous (645 m2/g) and chemically stable. Benzyl methylene in conjugated Tru-COFs more effectively produced photoinduced radicals than the model truxene compound. Due to the radical photoresponsiveness, Tru-COFs were efficient catalysts for photocatalytic oxidation of sulfides. We expect that this will provide a new synthetic methodology to obtain C-C bonded functional 2D COFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunlong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haijing Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hašková A, Bashta B, Titlová Š, Brus J, Vagenknechtová A, Vyskočilová E, Sedláček J. Microporous Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymers with High and Tuneable Content of Pyridine Units: Synthesis and Application for Reversible Sorption of Water and Carbon Dioxide. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100209. [PMID: 34050705 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
New hyper-cross-linked porous organic polymers (POPs) with a high content of pyridine segments (7.86 mmol pyridine g-1 ), and a micro/mesoporous texture are reported. The networks are achieved by the chain-growth homopolymerization of 2,6- and 3,5-diethynylpyridines. The pyridine segments form links interconnecting the polyacetylene main chains in these networks. The content of pyridine segments in the networks can be tuned by copolymerizing diethynylpyridines with 1,3-diethynylbenzene. The pyridine rings in the networks serve as base and hydrophilic centers for the sorption of CO2 and water. The homopolymer pyridine networks are highly efficient in the low-pressure adsorption/desorption of CO2 . This sorption mode is promising for the postcombustion removal of CO2 from the fuel gas. The poly(3,5-diethynylpyridine) network exhibits high efficiency in capturing and releasing water vapor (determined capacity 376 mg g-1 at 298 K and relative humidity (RH) = 90% is one of the highest values reported for POPs) and is a promising material for the cyclic water harvesting from air. The reported networks are characterized by 13 C cross-polarization magic angle spinning NMR, thermogravimetric analysis, and N2 adsorption/desorption and their efficiency in CO2 and H2 O capturing is discussed in relation to the content and type of incorporated pyridine segments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Hašková
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Bogdana Bashta
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpánka Titlová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Brus
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Vagenknechtová
- Department of Gaseous and Solid Fuels and Air Protection, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Vyskočilová
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Sedláček
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xia Y, Di T, Meng Z, Zhu T, Lei Y, Chen S, Li T, Li L. Versatile One-Pot Construction Strategy for the Preparation of Porous Organic Polymers via Domino Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Xia
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Tuo Di
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Meng
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Lei
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Tiesheng Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Che S, Li C, Wang C, Zaheer W, Ji X, Phillips B, Gurbandurdyyev G, Glynn J, Guo ZH, Al-Hashimi M, Zhou HC, Banerjee S, Fang L. Solution-processable porous graphitic carbon from bottom-up synthesis and low-temperature graphitization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8438-8444. [PMID: 34221325 PMCID: PMC8221055 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01902c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is urgently desired yet challenging to synthesize porous graphitic carbon (PGC) in a bottom-up manner while circumventing the need for high-temperature pyrolysis. Here we present an effective and scalable strategy to synthesize PGC through acid-mediated aldol triple condensation followed by low-temperature graphitization. The deliberate structural design enables its graphitization in situ in solution and at low pyrolysis temperature. The resulting material features ultramicroporosity characterized by a sharp pore size distribution. In addition, the pristine homogeneous composition of the reaction mixture allows for solution-processability of the material for further characterization and applications. Thin films of this PGC exhibit several orders of magnitude higher electrical conductivity compared to analogous control materials that are carbonized at the same temperatures. The integration of low-temperature graphitization and solution-processability not only allows for an energy-efficient method for the production and fabrication of PGC, but also paves the way for its wider employment in applications such as electrocatalysis, sensing, and energy storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Che
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum Changping Beijing 102249 China
| | - Chenxuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Wasif Zaheer
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Xiaozhou Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Bailey Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | | | - Jessica Glynn
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Zi-Hao Guo
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Mohammed Al-Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Sarbajit Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lin J, Bi S, Fan Z, Fu Z, Meng Z, Hou Z, Zhang F. A metal-free approach to bipyridinium salt-based conjugated porous polymers with olefin linkages. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01743d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free bipyridinium salt-activated Knoevenagel condensation strategy was developed to synthesize olefin-linked conjugated porous polymers with π-extended networks, positively charged skeletons, high stability and antibacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Lin
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Shuai Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
| | - Zhongxiong Fan
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Zhenzhen Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
| | - Zhaohui Meng
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Zhenqing Hou
- College of Materials and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 200240 Shanghai
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Krusenbaum A, Grätz S, Bimmermann S, Hutsch S, Borchardt L. The mechanochemical Scholl reaction as a versatile synthesis tool for the solvent-free generation of microporous polymers. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25509-25516. [PMID: 35518582 PMCID: PMC9055252 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05279e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the mechanochemical Scholl polymerization of 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene in a high speed ball mill. The reaction is conducted solvent-free, solely using solid FeCl3. The resulting porous polymer was obtained in >99% yield after very short reaction times of only 5 minutes and exhibits a high specific surface area of 658 m2 g-1, which could be further enhanced up to 990 m2 g-1 by liquid assisted grinding. Within this study we illuminate the origin of porosity by investigating the impact of various milling parameters and milling materials, temperature and pressure, and different liquids for LAG as well as post polymer milling. Finally we expand the procedure to different monomers and mills, to present the mechanochemical Scholl reaction as a versatile synthesis tool for porous polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Krusenbaum
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Sarah Bimmermann
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Stefanie Hutsch
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Byun Y, Je SH, Talapaneni SN, Coskun A. Advances in Porous Organic Polymers for Efficient Water Capture. Chemistry 2019; 25:10262-10283. [PMID: 31022320 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yearin Byun
- Graduate School of EEWSKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Je
- Graduate School of EEWSKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Siddulu Naidu Talapaneni
- Graduate School of EEWSKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Coskun
- Graduate School of EEWSKorea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Fribourg Chemin de Musee 9 Fribourg 1700 Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Doustkhah E, Lin J, Rostamnia S, Len C, Luque R, Luo X, Bando Y, Wu KCW, Kim J, Yamauchi Y, Ide Y. Development of Sulfonic-Acid-Functionalized Mesoporous Materials: Synthesis and Catalytic Applications. Chemistry 2018; 25:1614-1635. [PMID: 30457683 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonic acid based mesostructures (SAMs) have been developed in recent years and have important catalytic applications. The primary applications of these materials are in various organic synthesis reactions, such as multicomponent reactions, carbon-carbon bond couplings, protection reactions, and Fries and Beckman rearrangements. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent developments in the field of SAMs with a particular emphasis on the reaction scope and advantages of heterogeneous solid acid catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmail Doustkhah
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jianjian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker (Ministry of, Education), Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Key Laboratory of, Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of, Shandong, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P.R. China
| | - Sadegh Rostamnia
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, P.O. Box, 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Christophe Len
- PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Edif. Marie Curie, Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, 14014, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Xiliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker (Ministry of, Education), Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Key Laboratory of, Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of, Shandong, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P.R. China
| | - Yoshio Bando
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.,Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Kevin C-W Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National (Taiwan) University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jeonghun Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for, Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker (Ministry of, Education), Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Key Laboratory of, Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of, Shandong, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P.R. China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for, Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.,Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, South Korea
| | - Yusuke Ide
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Montanaro S, Wright IA, Batsanov AS, Bryce MR. Synthesis of Tetracyclic 2,3-Dihydro-1,3-diazepines from a Dinitrodibenzothiophene Derivative. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12320-12326. [PMID: 30247912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Triply fused 1,3-diazepine derivatives have been obtained by acidic reduction of rotationally locked and sterically hindered nitro groups in the presence of an aldehyde or ketone. The nitro groups are sited on adjacent rings of a dicyanodibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide, which also displays fully reversible two-electron-accepting behavior. The synthesis, crystallographically determined molecular structures, and aspects of the electronic properties of these new molecules are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Montanaro
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham , DH1 3LE , United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry , Loughborough University , Loughborough , LE11 3TU , United Kingdom
| | - Iain A Wright
- Department of Chemistry , Loughborough University , Loughborough , LE11 3TU , United Kingdom
| | - Andrei S Batsanov
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham , DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Martin R Bryce
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham , DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang T, Zhao YC, Zhang LM, Cui Y, Zhang CS, Han BH. Novel approach to hydroxy-group-containing porous organic polymers from bisphenol A. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2131-2137. [PMID: 29062434 PMCID: PMC5647697 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We successfully employed bisphenol A and several different formyl-containing monomers as useful building blocks to construct a series of hydroxy-group-containing porous organic polymers in a sealed tube at high temperature. Fourier transform infrared and solid-state 13C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy are utilized to characterize the possible structure of the obtained polymers. The highest Brunauer–Emmet–Teller specific surface area of the phenolic-resin porous organic polymers (PPOPs) is estimated to be 920 m2 g–1. The PPOPs exhibit a highest carbon dioxide uptake (up to 15.0 wt % (273 K) and 8.8 wt % (298 K) at 1.0 bar), and possess moderate hydrogen storage capacities ranging from 1.28 to 1.04 wt % (77 K) at 1.0 bar. Moreover, the highest uptake of methane for the PPOPs is measured as 4.3 wt % (273 K) at 1.0 bar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yan-Chao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li-Min Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chang-Shan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Bao-Hang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhong H, Liu C, Zhou H, Wang Y, Wang R. Prefunctionalized Porous Organic Polymers: Effective Supports of Surface Palladium Nanoparticles for the Enhancement of Catalytic Performances in Dehalogenation. Chemistry 2016; 22:12533-41. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Caiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Hanghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Yangxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Ruihu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry; Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Su Y, Wang Y, Li X, Li X, Wang R. Imidazolium-Based Porous Organic Polymers: Anion Exchange-Driven Capture and Luminescent Probe of Cr2O7(2.). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:18904-11. [PMID: 27366915 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A series of imidazolium-based porous organic polymers (POP-Ims) was synthesized through Yamamoto reaction of 1,3-bis(4-bromophenyl)imidazolium bromide and tetrakis(4-bromophenyl)ethylene. Porosities and hydrophilicity of such polymers may be well tuned by varying the ratios of two monomers. POP-Im with the highest density of imidazolium moiety (POP-Im1) exhibits the best dispersity in water and the highest efficiency in removing Cr2O7(2-). The capture capacity of 171.99 mg g(-1) and the removal efficiency of 87.9% were achieved using an equivalent amount of POP-Im1 within 5 min. However, no Cr2O7(2-) capture was observed using nonionic analogue despite its large surface area and abundant pores, suggesting that anion exchange is the driving force for the removal of Cr2O7(2-). POP-Im1 also displays excellent enrichment ability and remarkable selectivity in capturing Cr2O7(2-). Cr(VI) in acid electroplating wastewater can be removed completely using excess POP-Im1. In addition, POP-Im1 can serve as a luminescent probe for Cr2O7(2-) due to the incorporation of luminescent tetraphenylethene moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University , Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yangxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiaoju Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University , Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xinxiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ruihu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhong H, Liu C, Wang Y, Wang R, Hong M. Tailor-made porosities of fluorene-based porous organic frameworks for the pre-designable fabrication of palladium nanoparticles with size, location and distribution control. Chem Sci 2015; 7:2188-2194. [PMID: 29910907 PMCID: PMC5975943 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04351d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous organic frameworks (POFs) are a promising new class of support for metal nanoparticles (NPs), with the size, location and distribution of metal NPs are closely related to the porous nature of the POFs. In this contribution, three fluorene-based POFs containing coordination-inert hydrogen, propyl and benzyl substituents at the 9-position of the fluorene units (POF-1, POF-2 and POF-3) were synthesized through a simple click reaction. The substituents exerted important influences on the surface area, pore volume and pore size of the POFs. Palladium NPs with a pre-designable size, location and distribution were synthesized through a substituent-controlled strategy. When POF-1 was employed as a support, ultrafine palladium NPs in the interior pores were generated, while the introduction of propyl at the 9-position of fluorene in POF-2 gave rise to dual-distributed palladium NPs in the interior pores and on the external surface. The use of the bulkier benzyl substituent resulted in the formation of palladium NPs on the external surface of POF-3. The hydrogenation of olefins has demonstrated that palladium NPs on the external surface possessed higher catalytic activity, while palladium NPs in the interior pores exhibited higher stability and recyclability. In addition, after Pd/POF-1, Pd/POF-2 and Pd/POF-3 were stored in air over half a year, palladium NPs in the interior pores showed a negligible change in comparison with fresh samples, while an obvious agglomeration was observed for palladium NPs on the external surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , China .
| | - Caiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , China .
| | - Yangxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , China .
| | - Ruihu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , China .
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , China .
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Preis E, Schindler N, Adrian S, Scherf U. Microporous Polymer Networks Made by Cyclotrimerization of Commercial, Aromatic Diisocyanates. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1268-1272. [PMID: 35614826 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cyclotrimerization of commercial, aromatic diisocyanates allows for the formation of monolithic, microporous polymer networks with SBET surface areas up to 1300-1500 m2/g. The process has been up-scaled for production of 100 g batches. The monolithic materials show a promising potential for the removal of lipophilic components from aqueous mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Preis
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Macromolecular Chemistry Group
(buwmakro) and Institute for Polymer Technology, Gauss-Str. 20, D-42199 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nicole Schindler
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Macromolecular Chemistry Group
(buwmakro) and Institute for Polymer Technology, Gauss-Str. 20, D-42199 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sven Adrian
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Macromolecular Chemistry Group
(buwmakro) and Institute for Polymer Technology, Gauss-Str. 20, D-42199 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ullrich Scherf
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Macromolecular Chemistry Group
(buwmakro) and Institute for Polymer Technology, Gauss-Str. 20, D-42199 Wuppertal, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang T, Zhao YC, Luo M, Zhang LM, Cui Y, Zhang CS, Han BH. Facile one-pot synthesis of glycoluril-based porous organic polymers. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|