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Wang Y, Wu J, Feng J, Xu B, Niu Y, Zheng Y. From Bone Remodeling to Wound Healing: An miR-146a-5p-Loaded Nanocarrier Targets Endothelial Cells to Promote Angiogenesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:32992-33004. [PMID: 38887990 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex challenge that demands urgent attention in the clinical realm. Efficient angiogenesis is a pivotal factor in promoting wound healing. microRNA-146a (miR-146a) inhibitor has angiogenic potential in the periodontal ligament. However, free microRNAs (miRNAs) are poorly delivered into cells due to their limited tissue specificity and low intracellular delivery efficiency. To address this hurdle, we developed a nanocarrier for targeted delivery of the miR-146a inhibitor into endothelial cells. It is composed of a polyethylenimine (PEI)-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) core and a pentapeptide (YIGSR) layer that recognizes endothelial cells. In vitro, we defined that the miR-146a inhibitor and adiponectin (ADP) can modulate angiogenesis and the remodeling of periodontal tissues by activating the ERK and Akt signaling pathways. Then, we confirm the specificity of YIGSR to endothelial cells, and importantly, the nanocarrier effectively delivers the miR-146a inhibitor into endothelial cells, promoting angiogenesis. In a C57 mouse skin wound model, the miR-146a inhibitor is successfully delivered into endothelial cells at the wound site using the nanocarrier, resulting in the formation of new blood vessels with strong CD31 expression. Additionally, no significant differences are found in the expression levels of inflammatory markers interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. This outcome not only brings new strategies for angiogenesis but also exhibits broader implications for bone remodeling and wound healing. The breakthrough holds significance for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
- Department of Dental Medical Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jinjin Wu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Feng
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Xu
- Department of Dental Medical Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Niu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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Landry J, Shows K, Jagdeesh A, Shah A, Pokhriyal M, Yakovlev V. Regulatory miRNAs in cancer cell recovery from therapy exposure and its implications as a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing disease recurrence. Enzymes 2023; 53:113-196. [PMID: 37748835 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The desired outcome of cancer therapies is the eradication of disease. This can be achieved when therapy exposure leads to therapy-induced cancer cell death as the dominant outcome. Theoretically, a permanent therapy-induced growth arrest could also contribute to a complete response, which has the potential to lead to remission. However, preclinical models have shown that therapy-induced growth arrest is not always durable, as recovering cancer cell populations can contribute to the recurrence of cancer. Significant research efforts have been expended to develop strategies focusing on the prevention of recurrence. Recovery of cells from therapy exposure can occur as a result of several cell stress adaptations. These include cytoprotective autophagy, cellular quiescence, a reversable form of senescence, and the suppression of apoptosis and necroptosis. It is well documented that microRNAs regulate the response of cancer cells to anti-cancer therapies, making targeting microRNAs therapeutically a viable strategy to sensitization and the prevention of recovery. We propose that the use of microRNA-targeting therapies in prolonged sequence, that is, a significant period after initial therapy exposure, could reduce toxicity from the standard combination strategy, and could exploit new epigenetic states essential for cancer cells to recover from therapy exposure. In a step toward supporting this strategy, we survey the available scientific literature to identify microRNAs which could be targeted in sequence to eliminate residual cancer cell populations that were arrested as a result of therapy exposure. It is our hope that by successfully identifying microRNAs which could be targeted in sequence we can prevent disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Landry
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States.
| | - Kathryn Shows
- Department of Biology, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA, United States
| | - Akash Jagdeesh
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Aashka Shah
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Mihir Pokhriyal
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Vasily Yakovlev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
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Gasparello J, Papi C, Zurlo M, Volpi S, Gambari R, Corradini R, Casnati A, Sansone F, Finotti A. Cationic Calix[4]arene Vectors to Efficiently Deliver AntimiRNA Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) and miRNA Mimics. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2121. [PMID: 37631335 PMCID: PMC10460053 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most appealing approaches for regulating gene expression, named the "microRNA therapeutic" method, is based on the regulation of the activity of microRNAs (miRNAs), the intracellular levels of which are dysregulated in many diseases, including cancer. This can be achieved by miRNA inhibition with antimiRNA molecules in the case of overexpressed microRNAs, or by using miRNA-mimics to restore downregulated microRNAs that are associated with the target disease. The development of new efficient, low-toxic, and targeted vectors of such molecules represents a key topic in the field of the pharmacological modulation of microRNAs. We compared the delivery efficiency of a small library of cationic calix[4]arene vectors complexed with fluorescent antimiRNA molecules (Peptide Nucleic Acids, PNAs), pre-miRNA (microRNA precursors), and mature microRNAs, in glioma- and colon-cancer cellular models. The transfection was assayed by cytofluorimetry, cell imaging assays, and RT-qPCR. The calix[4]arene-based vectors were shown to be powerful tools to facilitate the uptake of both neutral (PNAs) and negatively charged (pre-miRNAs and mature microRNAs) molecules showing low toxicity in transfected cells and ability to compete with commercially available vectors in terms of delivery efficiency. These results could be of great interest to validate microRNA therapeutics approaches for future application in personalized treatment and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gasparello
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Chiara Papi
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Matteo Zurlo
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberto Corradini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Sansone
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
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4
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Deka Dey A, Yousefiasl S, Kumar A, Dabbagh Moghaddam F, Rahimmanesh I, Samandari M, Jamwal S, Maleki A, Mohammadi A, Rabiee N, Cláudia Paiva‐Santos A, Tamayol A, Sharifi E, Makvandi P. miRNA-encapsulated abiotic materials and biovectors for cutaneous and oral wound healing: Biogenesis, mechanisms, and delivery nanocarriers. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10343. [PMID: 36684081 PMCID: PMC9842058 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as therapeutic agents have attracted increasing interest in the past decade owing to their significant effectiveness in treating a wide array of ailments. These polymerases II-derived noncoding RNAs act through post-transcriptional controlling of different proteins and their allied pathways. Like other areas of medicine, researchers have utilized miRNAs for managing acute and chronic wounds. The increase in the number of patients suffering from either under-healing or over-healing wound demonstrates the limited efficacy of the current wound healing strategies and dictates the demands for simpler approaches with greater efficacy. Various miRNA can be designed to induce pathway beneficial for wound healing. However, the proper design of miRNA and its delivery system for wound healing applications are still challenging due to their limited stability and intracellular delivery. Therefore, new miRNAs are required to be identified and their delivery strategy needs to be optimized. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of miRNAs in various stages of wound healing and provide an insight on the most recent findings in the nanotechnology and biomaterials field, which might offer opportunities for the development of new strategies for this chronic condition. We also highlight the advances in biomaterials and delivery systems, emphasizing their challenges and resolutions for miRNA-based wound healing. We further review various biovectors (e.g., adenovirus and lentivirus) and abiotic materials such as organic and inorganic nanomaterials, along with dendrimers and scaffolds, as the delivery systems for miRNA-based wound healing. Finally, challenges and opportunities for translation of miRNA-based strategies into clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satar Yousefiasl
- School of DentistryHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of PharmacyChitkara UniversityPunjabIndia
| | - Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100RomeItaly
| | - Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Applied Physiology Research CenterCardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | | | - Sumit Jamwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of PharmacyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC)Zanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
- Cancer Research CentreShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of PhysicsSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
- School of EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva‐Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyFaculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyFaculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials InterfacesPontederaItaly
- School of Chemistry, Damghan UniversityDamghanIran
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5
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Holjencin C, Jakymiw A. MicroRNAs and Their Big Therapeutic Impacts: Delivery Strategies for Cancer Intervention. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152332. [PMID: 35954176 PMCID: PMC9367537 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Three decades have passed from the initial discovery of a microRNA (miRNA) in Caenorhabditis elegans to our current understanding that miRNAs play essential roles in regulating fundamental physiological processes and that their dysregulation can lead to many human pathologies, including cancer. In effect, restoration of miRNA expression or downregulation of aberrantly expressed miRNAs using miRNA mimics or anti-miRNA inhibitors (anti-miRs/antimiRs), respectively, continues to show therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer. Although the manipulation of miRNA expression presents a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, it is predominantly reliant on nucleic acid-based molecules for their application, which introduces an array of hurdles, with respect to in vivo delivery. Because naked nucleic acids are quickly degraded and/or removed from the body, they require delivery vectors that can help overcome the many barriers presented upon their administration into the bloodstream. As such, in this review, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the current state-of-the-art delivery systems, encompassing viral- and nonviral-based systems, with a specific focus on nonviral nanotechnology-based miRNA delivery platforms, including lipid-, polymer-, inorganic-, and extracellular vesicle-based delivery strategies. Moreover, we also shed light on peptide carriers as an emerging technology that shows great promise in being a highly efficacious delivery platform for miRNA-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Holjencin
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, James B. Edwards College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Andrew Jakymiw
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, James B. Edwards College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-843-792-2551
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6
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Md S, Alhakamy NA, Karim S, Gabr GA, Iqubal MK, Murshid SSA. Signaling Pathway Inhibitors, miRNA, and Nanocarrier-Based Pharmacotherapeutics for the Treatment of Lung Cancer: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2120. [PMID: 34959401 PMCID: PMC8708027 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and is responsible for a large number of deaths worldwide. The pathogenic mechanism of lung cancer is complex and multifactorial in origin. Thus, various signaling pathways as targets for therapy are being examined, and many new drugs are in the pipeline. However, both conventional and target-based drugs have been reported to present significant adverse effects, and both types of drugs can affect the clinical outcome in addition to patient quality of life. Recently, miRNA has been identified as a promising target for lung cancer treatment. Therefore, miRNA mimics, oncomiRs, or miRNA suppressors have been developed and studied for possible anticancer effects. However, these miRNAs also suffer from the limitations of low stability, biodegradation, thermal instability, and other issues. Thus, nanocarrier-based drug delivery for the chemotherapeutic drug delivery in addition to miRNA-based systems have been developed so that existing limitations can be resolved, and enhanced therapeutic outcomes can be achieved. Thus, this review discusses lung cancer's molecular mechanism, currently approved drugs, and their adverse effects. We also discuss miRNA biosynthesis and pathogenetic role, highlight pre-clinical and clinical evidence for use of miRNA in cancer therapy, and discussed limitations of this therapy. Furthermore, nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs and miRNAs are described in detail. In brief, the present review describes the mechanism and up-to-date possible therapeutic approaches for lung cancer treatment and emphasizes future prospects to bring these novel approaches from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Karim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gamal A Gabr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Satam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Kashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
- Sentiss Research Centre, Product Development Department, Sentiss Pharma Pvt Ltd., Gurugram 122001, India
| | - Samar S. A. Murshid
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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7
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Nakao J, Yamamoto T, Yamayoshi A. Therapeutic application of sequence-specific binding molecules for novel genome editing tools. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 42:100427. [PMID: 34974332 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2021.100427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genome editing has been expected to widely increase the available treatment options for various diseases and permit pharmaceutical interventions in previously untreatable conditions. The availability of genome editing tools was dramatically increased by the development of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. However, a number of issues limit the use of the CRISPR-Cas9 system and other gene-editing tools in the clinical treatment of diseases. This review summarized the history and types of genome editing tools and limitations of their use. In addition, the study addressed several next-generation technologies aiming to overcome the limitations of current gene therapy protocols in an effort to accelerate the clinical development of potential treatment options. This review has provided an extensive foundation of the current state of genome editing technology and its clinical development. This review also indicate that the study additionally highlighted the need for multidisciplinary approaches to overcome current bottlenecks in the development of genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juki Nakao
- Chemist. of Funct. Mol., Grad. Sch. Biomed. Sci., Nagasaki Univ, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Chemist. of Funct. Mol., Grad. Sch. Biomed. Sci., Nagasaki Univ, Japan
| | - Asako Yamayoshi
- Chemist. of Funct. Mol., Grad. Sch. Biomed. Sci., Nagasaki Univ, Japan; PRESTO, JST, Japan.
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8
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Neri M, Kang J, Zuidema JM, Gasparello J, Finotti A, Gambari R, Sailor MJ, Bertucci A, Corradini R. Tuning the Loading and Release Properties of MicroRNA-Silencing Porous Silicon Nanoparticles by Using Chemically Diverse Peptide Nucleic Acid Payloads. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:4123-4131. [PMID: 34468123 PMCID: PMC9554869 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are a class of artificial oligonucleotide mimics that have garnered much attention as precision biotherapeutics for their efficient hybridization properties and their exceptional biological and chemical stability. However, the poor cellular uptake of PNA is a limiting factor to its more extensive use in biomedicine; encapsulation in nanoparticle carriers has therefore emerged as a strategy for internalization and delivery of PNA in cells. In this study, we demonstrate that PNA can be readily loaded into porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) following a simple salt-based trapping procedure thus far employed only for negatively charged synthetic oligonucleotides. We show that the ease and versatility of PNA chemistry also allows for producing PNAs with different net charge, from positive to negative, and that the use of differently charged PNAs enables optimization of loading into pSiNPs. Differently charged PNA payloads determine different release kinetics and allow modulation of the temporal profile of the delivery process. In vitro silencing of a set of specific microRNAs using a pSiNP-PNA delivery platform demonstrates the potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Neri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Jinyoung Kang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jonathan M Zuidema
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jessica Gasparello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 74, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michael J Sailor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Alessandro Bertucci
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberto Corradini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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9
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Radmanesh F, Sadeghi Abandansari H, Ghanian MH, Pahlavan S, Varzideh F, Yakhkeshi S, Alikhani M, Moradi S, Braun T, Baharvand H. Hydrogel-mediated delivery of microRNA-92a inhibitor polyplex nanoparticles induces localized angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:657-676. [PMID: 33742265 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Localized stimulation of angiogenesis is an attractive strategy to improve the repair of ischemic or injured tissues. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-92a (miR-92a) have been reported to negatively regulate angiogenesis in ischemic disease. To exploit the clinical potential of miR-92a inhibitors, safe and efficient delivery needs to be established. Here, we used deoxycholic acid-modified polyethylenimine polymeric conjugates (PEI-DA) to deliver a locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based miR-92a inhibitor (LNA-92a) in vitro and in vivo. The positively charged PEI-DA conjugates condense the negatively charged inhibitors into nano-sized polyplexes (135 ± 7.2 nm) with a positive net charge (34.2 ± 10.6 mV). Similar to the 25 kDa-branched PEI (bPEI25) and Lipofectamine RNAiMAX, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) significantly internalized PEI-DA/LNA-92a polyplexes without any obvious cytotoxicity. Down-regulation of miR-92a following the polyplex-mediated delivery of LNA-92a led to a substantial increase in the integrin subunit alpha 5 (ITGA5), the sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and Krüppel-like factors (KLF) KLF2/4 expression, formation of capillary-like structures by HUVECs, and migration rate of HUVECs in vitro. Furthermore, PEI-DA/LNA-92a resulted in significantly enhanced capillary density in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Localized angiogenesis was substantially induced in the subcutaneous tissues of mice by sustained release of PEI-DA/LNA-92a polyplexes from an in situ forming, biodegradable hydrogel based on clickable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromers. Our results indicate that PEI-DA conjugates efficiently deliver LNA-92a to improve angiogenesis. Localized delivery of RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutics via hydrogel-laden PEI-DA polyplex nanoparticles appears to be a safe and effective approach for different therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Radmanesh
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sadeghi Abandansari
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Babol, Iran
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghanian
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Yakhkeshi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Alikhani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharif Moradi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max-Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Dasgupta I, Chatterjee A. Recent Advances in miRNA Delivery Systems. Methods Protoc 2021; 4:mps4010010. [PMID: 33498244 PMCID: PMC7839010 DOI: 10.3390/mps4010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a family of short non-coding regulatory RNA molecules that are produced in a tissue and time-specific manner to orchestrate gene expression post-transcription. MiRNAs hybridize to target mRNA(s) to induce translation repression or mRNA degradation. Functional studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are engaged in virtually every physiological process and, consequently, miRNA dysregulations have been linked to multiple human pathologies. Thus, miRNA mimics and anti-miRNAs that restore miRNA expression or downregulate aberrantly expressed miRNAs, respectively, are highly sought-after therapeutic strategies for effective manipulation of miRNA levels. In this regard, carrier vehicles that facilitate proficient and safe delivery of miRNA-based therapeutics are fundamental to the clinical success of these pharmaceuticals. Here, we highlight the strengths and weaknesses of current state-of-the-art viral and non-viral miRNA delivery systems and provide perspective on how these tools can be exploited to improve the outcomes of miRNA-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Dasgupta
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA;
| | - Anushila Chatterjee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Correspondence:
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11
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Volpi S, Cancelli U, Neri M, Corradini R. Multifunctional Delivery Systems for Peptide Nucleic Acids. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 14:14. [PMID: 33375595 PMCID: PMC7823687 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of applications of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs)-oligonucleotide analogs with a polyamide backbone-is continuously increasing in both in vitro and cellular systems and, parallel to this, delivery systems able to bring PNAs to their targets have been developed. This review is intended to give to the readers an overview on the available carriers for these oligonucleotide mimics, with a particular emphasis on newly developed multi-component- and multifunctional vehicles which boosted PNA research in recent years. The following approaches will be discussed: (a) conjugation with carrier molecules and peptides; (b) liposome formulations; (c) polymer nanoparticles; (d) inorganic porous nanoparticles; (e) carbon based nanocarriers; and (f) self-assembled and supramolecular systems. New therapeutic strategies enabled by the combination of PNA and proper delivery systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberto Corradini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (U.C.); (M.N.)
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12
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Malik S, Lim J, Slack FJ, Braddock DT, Bahal R. Next generation miRNA inhibition using short anti-seed PNAs encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles. J Control Release 2020; 327:406-419. [PMID: 32835710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of microRNAs (miRNAs) offers a new avenue for cancer therapeutics. While most of the current anti-miRNA (antimiR) reagents target full length miRNAs, here we investigate novel nanoparticle-delivered short PNA probes containing cationic domains targeting the seed region of the miRNA for effective antimiR therapy. For proof of concept, we tested PNAs targeting miRNA-155 and employed poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoparticle formulation for delivery. A comprehensive evaluation of PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) containing short PNA probes showed significantly superior loading, release profile, and uniform size distribution, compared to conventional non-cationic PNA probes. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analyses showed efficient transfection efficiency and uniform distribution of PLGA NPs containing short PNA probes in the cytoplasm. Functional analysis also confirmed efficient miRNA-155 inhibition including an effect on its downstream target proteins. Further, reduced tumor growth was observed after systemic delivery of PLGA nanoparticles containing short PNA probes in vivo in a xenograft mouse model following inhibition of miR-155. There was no evidence of acute or chronic toxicity associated with systemic delivery of PLGA NPs containing short PNA probes in the mice. Overall, in this paper we present a novel antimiR strategy based on PLGA nanoparticle delivered short PNA probes for potential cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Jihoon Lim
- Department of Pathology, BIDMC Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 330, Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, BIDMC Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 330, Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Demetrios T Braddock
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, 310 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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13
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Brolin C, Lim EWK, Grizot S, Olsen CH, Yavari N, Krag TO, Nielsen PE. Approaches for Systemic Delivery of Dystrophin Antisense Peptide Nucleic Acid in the mdx Mouse Model. Nucleic Acid Ther 2020; 31:208-219. [PMID: 32678992 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2020.0856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense-mediated exon skipping constitutes a promising new modality for treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), which is caused by gene mutations that typically introduce a translation stop codon in the dystrophin gene, thereby abolishing production of functional dystrophin protein. The exon removal can restore translation to produce a shortened, but still partially functional dystrophin protein. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) as a potential antisense drug has previously been shown to restore the expression of functional dystrophin by splice modulation in the mdx mouse model of DMD. In this study, we compare systemic administration of a 20-mer splice switching antisense PNA oligomer through intravenous (i.v.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) routes in the mdx mice. Furthermore, the effect of in situ forming depot technology (BEPO®) and PNA-oligonucleotide formulation was studied. In vivo fluorescence imaging analysis showed fast renal/bladder excretion of the PNA (t½ ∼ 20 min) for i.v. administration, while s.c. administration showed a two to three times slower excretion. The release from the BEPO depot exhibited biphasic kinetics with a slow release (t½ ∼ 10 days) of 50% of the dose. In all cases, some accumulation in kidneys and liver could be detected. Formulation of PNA as a duplex hybridization complex with a complementary phosphorothioate oligonucleotide increased the solubility of the PNA. However, none of these alternative administration methods resulted in significantly improved antisense activity. Therefore, either more sophisticated formulations such as designed nanoparticles or conjugation to delivery ligands must be utilized to improve both pharmacokinetics as well as tissue targeting and availability. On the other hand, the results show that s.c. and BEPO depot administration of PNA are feasible and allow easier, higher, and less frequent dosing, as well as more controlled release, which can be exploited both for animal model studies as well as eventually in the clinic in terms of dosing optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Brolin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ernest Wee Kiat Lim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Niloofar Yavari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas O Krag
- Department of Neurology, Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter E Nielsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Development of MicroRNAs as Potential Therapeutics against Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:8029721. [PMID: 32733559 PMCID: PMC7378626 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8029721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that function at the posttranscriptional level in the cellular regulation process. miRNA expression exerts vital effects on cell growth such as cell proliferation and survival. In cancers, miRNAs have been shown to initiate carcinogenesis, where overexpression of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) or reduced expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs has been reported. In this review, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in tumorigenesis, the role of synthetic miRNAs as either mimics or antagomirs to overcome cancer growth, miRNA delivery, and approaches to enhance their therapeutic potentials.
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15
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Gomes Dos Reis L, Lee WH, Svolos M, Moir LM, Jaber R, Engel A, Windhab N, Young PM, Traini D. Delivery of pDNA to lung epithelial cells using PLGA nanoparticles formulated with a cell-penetrating peptide: understanding the intracellular fate. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:427-442. [PMID: 32070151 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1724134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination of nanoparticles (NPs) and cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) represents a new opportunity to develop plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery systems with desirable properties for lung delivery. In this study, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) NPs containing pDNA were formulated with and without CPP using a double-emulsion technique. NPs were characterized in regards of size, surface charge, release profile, pDNA encapsulation efficiency and pDNA integrity. Cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, uptake mechanism and pDNA expression were assessed in both A549 and Beas-2B cells. Manufactured PLGA-NPs efficiently encapsulated pDNA with approximately 50% released in the first 24 h of incubation. Addition of CPP was essential to promote NP internalization in both cell lines, with 83.85 ± 1.2% and 96.76 ± 1.7% of Beas-2B and A549 cells, respectively, with internalized NP-DNA-CPP after 3 h of incubation. Internalization appears to occur mainly via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, with other pathways also being used by the different cell lines. An endosomal-escape mechanism seems to happen in both cell lines, and eGFP expression was observed in Beas-2B after 96 h of incubation. In summary, the NP-DNA-CPP delivery system efficiently encapsulated and protected pDNA structure and is being investigated as a promising tool for gene delivery to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Gomes Dos Reis
- Department of Respiratory Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, Australia
| | - Wing-Hin Lee
- Department of Respiratory Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, Australia
| | - Maree Svolos
- Department of Respiratory Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, Australia
| | - Lyn M Moir
- Department of Respiratory Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, Australia
| | - Rima Jaber
- Evonik Industries AG, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Paul M Young
- Department of Respiratory Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Department of Respiratory Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Glebe, NSW, Australia
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16
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Shen H, Huang X, Min J, Le S, Wang Q, Wang X, Dogan AA, Liu X, Zhang P, Draz MS, Xiao J. Nanoparticle Delivery Systems for DNA/RNA and their Potential Applications in Nanomedicine. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2507-2523. [PMID: 31775591 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191024170212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology has a great influence on the fields of biology, physiology, and medicine. Over recent years, nanoparticles have been widely presented as nanocarriers to help the delivery of gene, drugs, and other therapeutic agents with cellular targeting ability. Advances in the understanding of gene delivery and RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapy have brought increasing attention to understanding and tackling complex genetically related diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, autoimmune diseases and infections. The combination of nanocarriers and DNA/RNA delivery may potentially improve their safety and therapeutic efficacy. However, there still exist many challenges before this approach can be practiced in the clinic. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary on the types of nanoparticle systems used as nanocarriers, highlight the current use of nanocarriers in recombinant DNA and RNAi molecules delivery, and the current landscape of gene-based nanomedicine-ranging from diagnosis to therapeutics. Finally, we briefly discuss the biosafety concerns and limitations in the preclinical and clinical development of nanoparticle gene systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Changhai Road 168#, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shiguan Le
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Asli Aybike Dogan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed S Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02139, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, United States.,Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415#, Shanghai 200003, China
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17
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Oyaghire SN, Quijano E, Piotrowski-Daspit AS, Saltzman WM, Glazer PM. Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticle Delivery of Peptide Nucleic Acids In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2105:261-281. [PMID: 32088877 PMCID: PMC7199467 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0243-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Many important biological applications of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) target nucleic acid binding in eukaryotic cells, which requires PNA translocation across at least one membrane barrier. The delivery challenge is further exacerbated for applications in whole organisms, where clearance mechanisms rapidly deplete and/or deactivate exogenous agents. We have demonstrated that nanoparticles (NPs) composed of biodegradable polymers can encapsulate and release PNAs (alone or with co-reagents) in amounts sufficient to mediate desired effects in vitro and in vivo without deleterious reactions in the recipient cell or organism. For example, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs can encapsulate and deliver PNAs and accompanying reagents to mediate gene editing outcomes in cells and animals, or PNAs alone to target oncogenic drivers in cells and correct cancer phenotypes in animal models. In this chapter, we provide a primer on PNA-induced gene editing and microRNA targeting-the two PNA-based biotechnological applications where NPs have enhanced and/or enabled in vivo demonstrations-as well as an introduction to the PLGA material and detailed protocols for formulation and robust characterization of PNA/DNA-laden PLGA NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley N. Oyaghire
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elias Quijano
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter M. Glazer
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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18
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Sims LB, Tyo KM, Stocke S, Mahmoud MY, Ramasubramanian A, Steinbach-Rankins JM. Surface-Modified Melphalan Nanoparticles for Intravitreal Chemotherapy of Retinoblastoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:1696-1705. [PMID: 31009525 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The goal of this work was to design and assess the ability of unmodified and surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) to enhance cell association, provide efficacy in retinoblastoma cells, and overcome current administration challenges, including hydrolysis and precipitation, of intravitreal administration. Methods A single emulsion method was used to encapsulate Coumarin 6, to enable NP visualization via fluorescence microscopy. Melphalan NPs were synthesized using an adapted double-emulsion method to reduce melphalan loss during fabrication. Melphalan loading and release were quantified against a free melphalan standard. The cellular association and internalization of unmodified and surface-modified NPs were determined using flow cytometry, and the efficacy of melphalan NPs was quantified in retinoblastoma cells. Results The highest cell association was observed with TET1 and MPG-NPs after 24 hours administration; however, a significant fraction of NPs were associated with the cell surface, instead of undergoing internalization. MPG-NPs fabricated with the low saturation process were most efficacious, while all surface-modified NPs improved efficacy relative to unmodified NPs when formulated using the highly saturated process. Similar effects were observed as a function of NP dose, with TET1 and MPG-NPs particularly efficacious. Conclusions Surface-modified NPs achieved enhanced association and efficacy in retinoblastoma cells relative to unmodified NPs, with MPG and surface-modified NPs exhibiting the strongest efficacy relative to other NP groups. In future work we seek to assess the ability of these NPs to improve transport in the vitreous, where we expect a more dramatic impact on efficacy as a function of surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee B Sims
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Kevin M Tyo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States.,Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Sanaya Stocke
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States.,Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Aparna Ramasubramanian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States.,Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
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19
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Bertucci A, Kim KH, Kang J, Zuidema JM, Lee SH, Kwon EJ, Kim D, Howell SB, Ricci F, Ruoslahti E, Jang HJ, Sailor MJ. Tumor-Targeting, MicroRNA-Silencing Porous Silicon Nanoparticles for Ovarian Cancer Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:23926-23937. [PMID: 31251556 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silencing of aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) has emerged as one of the strategies for molecular targeted cancer therapeutics. In particular, miR-21 is an oncogenic miRNA overexpressed in many tumors, including ovarian cancer. To achieve efficient administration of anti-miR therapeutics, delivery systems are needed that can ensure local accumulation in the tumor environment, low systemic toxicity, and reduced adverse side effects. In order to develop an improved anti-miR therapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer, a nanoformulation is engineered that leverages biodegradable porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) encapsulating an anti-miR-21 locked nucleic acid payload and displaying a tumor-homing peptide for targeted distribution. Targeting efficacy, miR-21 silencing, and anticancer activity are optimized in vitro on a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines, and a formulation of anti-miR-21 in a pSiNP displaying the targeting peptide CGKRK is identified for in vivo evaluation. When this nanoparticulate agent is delivered to mice bearing tumor xenografts, a substantial inhibition of tumor growth is achieved through silencing of miR-21. This study presents the first successful application of tumor-targeted anti-miR porous silicon nanoparticles for the treatment of ovarian cancer in a mouse xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bertucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , 00133 , Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies , University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome , 00133 , Italy
| | - Erkki Ruoslahti
- Cancer Center , Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
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20
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Malik S, Oyaghire S, Bahal R. Applications of PNA-laden nanoparticles for hematological disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1057-1065. [PMID: 30498995 PMCID: PMC11105400 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2979-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Safe and efficient genome editing has been an unmitigated goal for biomedical researchers since its inception. The most prevalent strategy for gene editing is the use of engineered nucleases that induce DNA damage and take advantage of cellular DNA repair machinery. This includes meganucleases, zinc-finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) systems. However, the clinical viability of these nucleases is marred by their off-target cleavage activity (≥ 50% in RNA-guided endonucleases). In addition, in vivo applications of CRISPR require systemic administration of Cas9 protein, mRNA, or DNA, which presents a significant delivery challenge. The development of nucleic acid probes that can recognize specific double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) regions and activate endogenous DNA repair machinery holds great promise for gene editing applications. Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs), which were introduced more than 25 years ago, are among the most extensively studied oligomeric dsDNA-targeting agents. TFOs bind duplex DNA to create a distorted helical structure, which can stimulate DNA repair and the exchange of a nearby mutated region-otherwise leading to an undesired phenotype-for a short single-stranded donor DNA that contains the corrective nucleotide sequence. Recombination can be induced within several hundred base-pairs of the TFO binding site and has been shown to depend on triplex-induced initiation of the nucleotide excision repair pathway and engagement of the homology-dependent repair pathway. Since TFOs do not possess any direct nuclease activity, their off-target effects are minimal when compared to engineered nucleases. This review comprehensively covers the advances made in peptide nucleic acid-based TFOs for site-specific gene editing and their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Stanley Oyaghire
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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21
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Mollaei H, Safaralizadeh R, Rostami Z. MicroRNA replacement therapy in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12369-12384. [PMID: 30605237 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent progress in cancer management approaches, the mortality rate of cancer is still growing and there are lots of challenges in the clinics in terms of novel therapeutics. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are regulatory small noncoding RNAs and are already confirmed to have a great role in regulating gene expression level by targeting multiple molecules that affect cell physiology and disease development. Recently, miRNAs have been introduced as promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Regulatory potential of tumor suppressor miRNAs, which enables regulation of entire signaling networks within the cells, makes them an interesting option for developing cancer therapeutics. In this regard, over recent decades, scientists have aimed at developing powerful and safe targeting approaches to restore these suppressive miRNAs in cancerous cells. The present review summarizes the function of miRNAs in tumor development and presents recent findings on how miRNAs have served as therapeutic agents against cancer, with a special focus on tumor suppressor miRNAs (mimics). Moreover, the latest investigations on the therapeutic strategies of miRNA delivery have been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Mollaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Rostami
- Department of Immunology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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22
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Bai Z, Wei J, Yu C, Han X, Qin X, Zhang C, Liao W, Li L, Huang W. Non-viral nanocarriers for intracellular delivery of microRNA therapeutics. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1209-1225. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02946f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small regulatory noncoding RNAs that regulate various biological processes. Herein, we will present the development of the strategies for intracellular miRNAs delivery, and specially focus on the rational designed routes, their mechanisms of action, as well as potential therapeutics used in the host cells orin vivostudies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiman Bai
- School of Physics and Materials Science
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- China
| | - Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Changmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Xisi Han
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Xiaofei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research
- School of Public Health
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou 510515
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)
- Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)
- Nanjing 211816
- China
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23
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Giri BR, Mahato RI, Cheng G. Roles of microRNAs in T cell immunity: Implications for strategy development against infectious diseases. Med Res Rev 2018; 39:706-732. [PMID: 30272819 DOI: 10.1002/med.21539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
T cell immunity plays a vital role in pathogen infections. MicroRNA (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded noncoding RNAs that regulate T cell immunity by targeting key transcriptional factors, signaling proteins, and cytokines associated with T cell activation, differentiation, and function. The dysregulation of miRNA expression in T cells may lead to specific immune responses and can provide new therapeutic opportunities against various infectious diseases. Here, we summarize recent studies that focus on the roles of miRNAs in T cell immunity and highlight miRNA functions in prevalent infectious diseases. Additionally, we also provide insights into the functions of extracellular vesicle miRNAs and attempt to delineate the mechanism of miRNA sorting into extracellular vesicles and their immunomodulatory functions. Moreover, methodologies and strategies for miRNA delivery against infectious diseases are summarized. Finally, potential strategies for miRNA-based therapies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikash R Giri
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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24
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Parayath NN, Parikh A, Amiji MM. Repolarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in a Genetically Engineered Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Model by Intraperitoneal Administration of Hyaluronic Acid-Based Nanoparticles Encapsulating MicroRNA-125b. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3571-3579. [PMID: 29722542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) acquire a pro-tumor (M2) phenotype, which promotes tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Certain microRNAs (miRs), such as miR-125b, can reprogram TAMs into an antitumor/pro-inflammatory (M1) phenotype. Using CD44 targeting hyaluronic acid-poly(ethylenimine) (HA-PEI)-based nanoparticles encapsulating miR-125b, we have herein shown macrophage-specific delivery and transfection upon intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration. We have exploited the inherent ability of peritoneal macrophages to migrate toward the inflammation/injury and demonstrated that following intraperitoneal administration of HA-PEI nanoparticles, there is an accumulation of HA-PEI nanoparticles in the macrophage-ablated lung tissues of both naïve and KRAS/p53 double mutant genetically engineered (KP-GEM) nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) mouse model. Additionally, upon transfection with miR-125b, we observed a >6-fold increase in the M1 to M2 macrophage ratio and 300-fold increase in the iNOS (M1 marker)/Arg-1 (M2 marker) ratio in TAMs as compared to the untreated control group. The results of these studies show that i.p. administered macrophage-specific HA-PEI nanoparticles can successfully transfect TAMs in lung tissues of both naïve mice and a KP-GEM NSCLC mouse model. Successful TAM repolarization toward the M1 phenotype has significant implication in anticancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha N Parayath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 United States
| | - Avani Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 United States
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 United States
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25
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Orellana EA, Tenneti S, Rangasamy L, Lyle LT, Low PS, Kasinski AL. FolamiRs: Ligand-targeted, vehicle-free delivery of microRNAs for the treatment of cancer. Sci Transl Med 2018; 9:9/401/eaam9327. [PMID: 28768807 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam9327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally. Because changes in microRNA expression can promote or maintain disease states, microRNA-based therapeutics are being evaluated extensively. Unfortunately, the therapeutic potential of microRNA replacement is limited by deficient delivery vehicles. In this work, microRNAs are delivered in the absence of a protective vehicle. The method relies on direct attachment of microRNAs to folate (FolamiR), which mediates delivery of the conjugated microRNA into cells that overexpress the folate receptor. We show that the tumor-suppressive FolamiR, FolamiR-34a, is quickly taken up both by triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and by tumors in an autochthonous model of lung cancer and slows their progression. This method delivers microRNAs directly to tumors in vivo without the use of toxic vehicles, representing an advance in the development of nontoxic, cancer-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban A Orellana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,PULSe Graduate Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Srinivasarao Tenneti
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43202, USA
| | | | - L Tiffany Lyle
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Andrea L Kasinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. .,Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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26
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miRNA delivery for skin wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 129:308-318. [PMID: 29273517 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The wound healing has remained a worldwide challenge as one of significant public health problems. Pathological scars and chronic wounds caused by injury, aging or diabetes lead to impaired tissue repair and regeneration. Due to the unique biological wound environment, the wound healing is a highly complicated process, efficient and targeted treatments are still lacking. Hence, research-driven to discover more efficient therapeutics is a highly urgent demand. Recently, the research results have revealed that microRNA (miRNA) is a promising tool in therapeutic and diagnostic fields because miRNA is an essential regulator in cellular physiology and pathology. Therefore, new technologies for wound healing based on miRNA have been developed and miRNA delivery has become a significant research topic in the field of gene delivery.
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27
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Ghosh N, Katare R. Molecular mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy and modulation of microRNA function by synthetic oligonucleotides. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:43. [PMID: 29566757 PMCID: PMC5863891 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic complication in individuals with diabetes and is characterized by ventricular dilation and hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, decreased or preserved systolic function and reduced ejection fraction eventually resulting in heart failure. Despite being well characterized, the fundamental mechanisms leading to DCM are still elusive. Recent studies identified the involvement of small non-coding small RNA molecules such as microRNAs (miRs) playing a key role in the etiology of DCM. Therefore, miRs associated with DCM represents a new class of targets for the development of mechanistic therapeutics, which may yield marked benefits compared to other therapeutic approaches. Indeed, few miRs currently under active clinical investigation, with many expressing cautious optimism that miRs based therapies will succeed in the coming years. The major caution in using miRs based therapy is the need to improve the stability and specificity following systemic injection, which can be achieved through chemical and structural modification. In this review, we first discuss the established role of miRs in DCM and the advances in miRs based therapeutic strategies for the prevention/treatment of DCM. We next discuss the currently employed chemical modification of miR oligonucleotides and their utility in therapies specifically focusing on the DCM. Finally, we summarize the commonly used delivery system and approaches for assessment of miRNA modulation and potential off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010 New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010 New Zealand
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28
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Cha W, Fan R, Miao Y, Zhou Y, Qin C, Shan X, Wan X, Cui T. MicroRNAs as novel endogenous targets for regulation and therapeutic treatments. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:396-408. [PMID: 30108932 PMCID: PMC6072415 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00285h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have been identified as key endogenous biomolecules that are able to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The abnormal expression or function of miRNAs has been demonstrated to be closely related to the occurrence or development of various human diseases, including cancers. Regulation of these abnormal miRNAs thus holds great promise for therapeutic treatments. In this review, we summarize exogenous molecules that are able to regulate endogenous miRNAs, including small molecule regulators of miRNAs and synthetic oligonucleotides. Strategies for screening small molecule regulators of miRNAs and recently reported small molecules are introduced and summarized. Synthetic oligonucleotides including antisense miRNA oligonucleotides and miRNA mimics, as well as delivery systems for these synthetic oligonucleotides to enter cells, that regulate endogenous miRNAs are also summarized. In addition, we discuss recent applications of these small molecules and synthetic oligonucleotides in therapeutic treatments. Overall, this review aims to provide a brief synopsis of recent achievements of using both small molecule regulators and synthetic oligonucleotides to regulate endogenous miRNAs and achieve therapeutic outcomes. We envision that these regulators of endogenous miRNAs will ultimately contribute to the development of new therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Cha
- Department of General Surgery , Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital , Yancheng 224001 , China
| | - Rengen Fan
- Department of General Surgery , Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital , Yancheng 224001 , China
| | - Yufeng Miao
- Department of Medical Oncology , Wuxi Third People's Hospital , Wuxi 214000 , China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery , Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital , Yancheng 224001 , China
| | - Chenglin Qin
- Department of General Surgery , Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital , Yancheng 224001 , China
| | - Xiangxiang Shan
- Department of Geraeology , Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital , Yancheng 224001 , China .
| | - Xinqiang Wan
- Department of Clinical Medicine , Nantong University Xinglin College , Nantong 226000 , China .
| | - Ting Cui
- Department of Cardiology , The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng , Yancheng 224001 , China .
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29
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Jansen F, Li Q, Pfeifer A, Werner N. Endothelial- and Immune Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Cardiovascular Health and Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2017; 2:790-807. [PMID: 30062186 PMCID: PMC6059011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular signaling by extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a route of cell-cell crosstalk that allows cells to deliver biological messages to specific recipient cells. EVs convey these messages through their distinct cargoes consisting of cytokines, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, which they transport from the donor cell to the recipient cell. In cardiovascular disease (CVD), endothelial- and immune cell-derived EVs are emerging as key players in different stages of disease development. EVs can contribute to atherosclerosis development and progression by promoting endothelial dysfunction, intravascular calcification, unstable plaque progression, and thrombus formation after rupture. In contrast, an increasing body of evidence highlights the beneficial effects of certain EVs on vascular function and endothelial regeneration. However, the effects of EVs in CVD are extremely complex and depend on the cellular origin, the functional state of the releasing cells, the biological content, and the diverse recipient cells. This paper summarizes recent progress in our understanding of EV signaling in cardiovascular health and disease and its emerging potential as a therapeutic agent.
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Key Words
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- EC, endothelial cell
- EMV, endothelial cell-derived microvesicles
- ESCRT, endosomal sorting complex required for transport
- IL, interleukin
- MV, microvesicles
- NO, nitric oxide
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- TGF, transforming growth factor
- cardiovascular disease
- extracellular vesicles
- miRNA, microRNA
- microvesicles
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jansen
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Nanguan District, Changchun, China
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nikos Werner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
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30
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Mekala JR, Naushad SM, Ponnusamy L, Arivazhagan G, Sakthiprasad V, Pal-Bhadra M. Epigenetic regulation of miR-200 as the potential strategy for the therapy against triple-negative breast cancer. Gene 2017; 641:248-258. [PMID: 29038000 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs play an important role in cancer cell proliferation, survival and apoptosis. Epigenetic modifiers regulate the microRNA expression. Among the epigenetic players, histone deacetylases (HDACs) function as the key regulators of microRNA expression. Epigenetic machineries such as DNA and histone modifying enzymes and various microRNAs have been identified as the important contributors in cancer initiation and progression. Recent studies have shown that developing innovative microRNA-targeting therapies might improve the human health, specifically against the disease areas of high unmet medical need. Thus microRNA based therapeutics are gaining importance for anti-cancer therapy. Studies on Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) have revealed the early relapse and poor overall survival of patients which needs immediate therapeutic attention. In this report, we focus the effect of HDAC inhibitors on TNBC cell proliferation, regulation of microRNA gene expression by a series of HDAC genes, chromatin epigenetics, epigenetic remodelling at miR-200 promoter and its modulation by various HDACs. We also discuss the need for identifying novel HDAC inhibitors for modulation of miR-200 in triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaki Ramaiah Mekala
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India.
| | | | - Lavanya Ponnusamy
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Gayatri Arivazhagan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Vaishnave Sakthiprasad
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Manika Pal-Bhadra
- CSIR - Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-IICT, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
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31
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Ofek P, Tiram G, Satchi-Fainaro R. Angiogenesis regulation by nanocarriers bearing RNA interference. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 119:3-19. [PMID: 28163106 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the approval of bevacizumab as anti-angiogenic therapy in 2004 by the FDA, an array of angiogenesis inhibitors have been developed and approved. However, results were disappointing with regard to their therapeutic efficacy. RNA interference approaches offer the possibility of rational design with high specificity, lacking in many current drug treatments for various diseases including cancer. However, in vivo delivery issues still represent a significant obstacle for widespread clinical applications. In the current review, we summarize the advances in the last decade in the field of angiogenesis-targeted RNA interference approaches, with special emphasis on oncology applications. We present pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors as potential targets, experimental evidence and clinical trials data on angiogenesis regulation by RNA interference. Consequent challenges and opportunities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ofek
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Galia Tiram
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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32
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Gupta A, Quijano E, Liu Y, Bahal R, Scanlon SE, Song E, Hsieh WC, Braddock DE, Ly DH, Saltzman WM, Glazer PM. Anti-tumor Activity of miniPEG-γ-Modified PNAs to Inhibit MicroRNA-210 for Cancer Therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 9:111-119. [PMID: 29246289 PMCID: PMC5633812 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are frequently overexpressed in human cancers. In particular, miR-210 is induced in hypoxic cells and acts to orchestrate the adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxia. Silencing oncogenic miRs such as miR-210 may therefore offer a promising approach to anticancer therapy. We have developed a miR-210 inhibition strategy based on a new class of conformationally preorganized antisense γ peptide nucleic acids (γPNAs) that possess vastly superior RNA-binding affinity, improved solubility, and favorable biocompatibility. For cellular delivery, we encapsulated the γPNAs in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). Our results show that γPNAs targeting miR-210 cause significant delay in growth of a human tumor xenograft in mice compared to conventional PNAs. Further, histopathological analyses show considerable necrosis, fibrosis, and reduced cell proliferation in γPNA-treated tumors compared to controls. Overall, our work provides a chemical framework for a novel anti-miR therapeutic approach using γPNAs that should facilitate rational design of agents to potently inhibit oncogenic microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Gupta
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Elias Quijano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Susan E Scanlon
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Eric Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Wei-Che Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology (CNAST), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Danith H Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology (CNAST), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Peter M Glazer
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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33
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Jansen F, Nickenig G, Werner N. Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease: Potential Applications in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Epidemiology. Circ Res 2017; 120:1649-1657. [PMID: 28495995 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles originate from diverse subcellular compartments and are released in the extracellular space. By transferring their cargoes into target cells and tissues, they now emerge as novel regulators of intercellular communication between adjacent and remote cells. Because vesicle composition and biological content are specific signatures of cellular activation and injury, their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers has raised significant interest in cardiovascular diseases. Characterization of circulating vesicles- or nonvesicles-bound nucleic acids represents a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring cardiovascular diseases, recently referred to as a liquid biopsy. Circulating extracellular vesicles offer a noninvasive and almost continuous access to circulating information on the disease state in epidemiological investigations. Finally, genetic engineering and cell-specific application of extracellular vesicles could display a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about extracellular vesicles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as their potential applications for longitudinal epidemiological studies in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Jansen
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Nickenig
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nikos Werner
- From the Department of Internal Medicine II, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany.
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34
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Fernandez-Piñeiro I, Badiola I, Sanchez A. Nanocarriers for microRNA delivery in cancer medicine. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:350-360. [PMID: 28286148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Fernandez-Piñeiro
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - I Badiola
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Basque Country, B° Sarriena, s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - A Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Genetics and Biology of the Development of Kidney Diseases Unit, Sanitary Research Institute (IDIS) of the University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Travesía da Choupana, s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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35
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Murthy V, Delong RK. Engineering the RNA-Nanobio Interface. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4010013. [PMID: 28952492 PMCID: PMC5590433 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA nanotechnology is attracting a great deal of attention recently. As the multiple roles that RNA plays in molecular biology and physiological regulation become clearer, there are many opportunities for engineering RNA-Nanoparticle Complexes (RNA-NPCs). The high “engineerability” of RNA-NPCs comes from the ability to modify the RNA and NP chemistry. For example, the NP can be derived from materials with anticancer activity and the RNA delivered by it, designed to target cell signaling pathways that contribute to the molecular basis of these diseases. Despite this rapid advancement and the availability of new quantification and characterization techniques, a key challenge is to develop a better understanding of the RNA-nanobio interface; that is, the interactions of RNA with NP (RNA-nanobio interface) and how that impacts the structure, function, delivery, and activity of the RNA. Here, we attempt to summarize the state-of-the-art in this new and exciting field, and to lay out potential directions for bioengineering research on RNA-NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Murthy
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State (NICKS), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Robert K Delong
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State (NICKS), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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36
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37
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Karandish F, Haldar M, You S, Brooks A, Brooks BD, Guo B, Choi Y, Mallik S. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Targeted Polymersomes for Delivering Mocetinostat and Docetaxel to Prostate Cancer Cell Spheroids. ACS OMEGA 2016; 1:952-962. [PMID: 27917408 PMCID: PMC5131327 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer cells overexpress the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) receptors on the surface. Targeting the PSMA receptor creates a unique opportunity for drug delivery. Docetaxel is a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for treating metastatic and androgen-independent prostate cancer, and mocetinostat is a potent inhibitor of class I histone deacetylases. In this study, we prepared reduction-sensitive polymersomes presenting folic acid on the surface and encapsulating either docetaxel or mocetinostat. The presence of folic acid allowed efficient targeting of the PSMA receptor and subsequent internalization of the polymeric vesicles in cultured LNCaP prostate cancer cell spheroids. The intracellular reducing agents efficiently released docetaxel and mocetinostat from the polymersomes. The combination of the two drug-encapsulated polymersome formulations significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the viability of the LNCaP cells (compared to free drugs or control) in three-dimensional spheroid cultures. The calculated combination index value indicated a synergistic effect for the combination of mocetinostat and docetaxel. Thus, our PSMA-targeted drug-encapsulated polymersomes has the potential to lead to a new direction in prostate cancer therapy that decreases the toxicity and increases the efficacy of the drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Karandish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Manas
K. Haldar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Seungyong You
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Amanda
E. Brooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Brooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Yongki Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, 1401 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
- E-mail:
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Patil KM, Chen G. Recognition of RNA Sequence and Structure by Duplex and Triplex Formation: Targeting miRNA and Pre-miRNA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-34175-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis proposes that transcripts with shared microRNA (miRNA) binding sites compete for post-transcriptional control. This hypothesis has gained substantial attention as a unifying function for long non-coding RNAs, pseudogene transcripts and circular RNAs, as well as an alternative function for messenger RNAs. Empirical evidence supporting the hypothesis is accumulating but not without attracting scepticism. Recent studies that model transcriptome-wide binding-site abundance suggest that physiological changes in expression of most individual transcripts will not compromise miRNA activity. In this Review, we critically evaluate the evidence for and against the ceRNA hypothesis to assess the impact of endogenous miRNA-sponge interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Thomson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Marcel E Dinger
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia
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40
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Conde J, Oliva N, Atilano M, Song HS, Artzi N. Self-assembled RNA-triple-helix hydrogel scaffold for microRNA modulation in the tumour microenvironment. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:353-63. [PMID: 26641016 PMCID: PMC6594154 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of miRNA (miR) in cancer is limited by the lack of efficient delivery vehicles. Here, we show that a self-assembled dual-colour RNA-triple-helix structure comprising two miRNAs-a miR mimic (tumour suppressor miRNA) and an antagomiR (oncomiR inhibitor)-provides outstanding capability to synergistically abrogate tumours. Conjugation of RNA triple helices to dendrimers allows the formation of stable triplex nanoparticles, which form an RNA-triple-helix adhesive scaffold upon interaction with dextran aldehyde, the latter able to chemically interact and adhere to natural tissue amines in the tumour. We also show that the self-assembled RNA-triple-helix conjugates remain functional in vitro and in vivo, and that they lead to nearly 90% levels of tumour shrinkage two weeks post-gel implantation in a triple-negative breast cancer mouse model. Our findings suggest that the RNA-triple-helix hydrogels can be used as an efficient anticancer platform to locally modulate the expression of endogenous miRs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Conde
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to J.C. or N.A. ;
| | - Nuria Oliva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mariana Atilano
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Grup d’Enginyeria de Materials, Institut Quimic de Sarria-Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Hyun Seok Song
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Yuseong, Daejeon 169-148, Republic of Korea
| | - Natalie Artzi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to J.C. or N.A. ;
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41
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Moore LB, Sawyer AJ, Saucier-Sawyer J, Saltzman WM, Kyriakides TR. Nanoparticle delivery of miR-223 to attenuate macrophage fusion. Biomaterials 2016; 89:127-35. [PMID: 26967647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The foreign body response (FBR) begins with injury acquired during implantation of a biomaterial (BM) and is detrimental due to the eventual encapsulation of the implant. Fusion of macrophages to form foreign body giant cells (FBGC), a hallmark of the FBR, is the consequence of a multistep mechanism induced by interleukin (IL)-4 that includes the acquisition of a fusion competent state and subsequent cytoskeletal rearrangements. However, the precise mechanism, regulation, and interplay among molecular mediators to generate FBGCs are insufficiently understood. Seeking novel mediators of fusion that might be regulated at the post-transcriptional level, we examined the role of microRNAs (miRs) in this process. A miR microarray was screened and identified miR-223 as a negative regulator of macrophage fusion. In addition, transfection of primary macrophages with a mir-223 mimic attenuated IL-4-induced fusion. Furthermore, miR-223 KO mice and mir-223 deficient cells displayed increased fusion in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Finally, we developed a method for in vivo delivery of miR-223 mimic utilizing PLGA nanoparticles, which inhibited FBGC formation in a biomaterial implant model. Our results identify miR-223 as a negative regulator of fusion and demonstrate miR-223 mimic-loaded nanoparticles as a therapeutic inhibitor of macrophage fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Beth Moore
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Andrew J Sawyer
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Themis R Kyriakides
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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42
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Xie Y, Wehrkamp CJ, Li J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Mott JL, Oupický D. Delivery of miR-200c Mimic with Poly(amido amine) CXCR4 Antagonists for Combined Inhibition of Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Invasiveness. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1073-80. [PMID: 26855082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver malignancy with extremely poor prognosis due to early invasion and widespread metastasis. The invasion and metastasis are regulated by multiple factors including CXCR4 chemokine receptor and multiple microRNAs. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that inhibition of CXCR4 combined with the action of miR-200c mimic will cooperatively enhance the inhibition of the invasion of human cholangiocarcinoma cells. The results show that CXCR4-inhibition polycation PCX can effectively deliver miR-200c mimic and that the combination treatment consisting of PCX and miR-200c results in cooperative antimigration activity, most likely by coupling the CXCR4 axis blockade with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition inhibition in the cholangiocarcinoma cells. The ability of the combined PCX/miR-200c treatment to obstruct two migratory pathways represents a promising antimetastatic strategy in cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Cody J Wehrkamp
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Yazhe Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Justin L Mott
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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43
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Gupta A, Bahal R, Gupta M, Glazer PM, Saltzman WM. Nanotechnology for delivery of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs). J Control Release 2016; 240:302-311. [PMID: 26776051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, peptide nucleic acids have been employed in numerous chemical and biological applications. Peptide nucleic acids possess enormous potential because of their superior biophysical properties, compared to other oligonucleotide chemistries. However, for therapeutic applications, intracellular delivery of peptide nucleic acids remains a challenge. In this review, we summarize the progress that has been made in delivering peptide nucleic acids to intracellular targets. In addition, we emphasize recent nanoparticle-based strategies for efficient delivery of conventional and chemically-modified peptides nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Gupta
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Meera Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Peter M Glazer
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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44
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Liu Y, Wang J. Therapeutic Potentials of Noncoding RNAs: Targeted Delivery of ncRNAs in Cancer Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 927:429-58. [PMID: 27376745 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of multiple actions of short noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) has truly allowed for viewing DNA, RNA, and protein in novel ways. The ncRNAs are an attractive new class of therapeutics, especially against undruggable targets for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Despite the potential of ncRNAs in cancer therapy, many challenges remain, including rapid degradation and clearance, poor cellular uptake, off-target effects, and immunogenicity. Rational design, chemical modifications, and delivery carriers offer significant opportunities to overcome these challenges. In this chapter, the development of ncRNAs as cancer therapeutics from early stages to clinical trials and strategies for ncRNA-targeted delivery to cancer cells will be introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manchester University College of Pharmacy, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA
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46
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Shu D, Li H, Shu Y, Xiong G, Carson WE, Haque F, Xu R, Guo P. Systemic Delivery of Anti-miRNA for Suppression of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Utilizing RNA Nanotechnology. ACS NANO 2015; 9:9731-40. [PMID: 26387848 PMCID: PMC4723066 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs play important roles in regulating the gene expression and life cycle of cancer cells. In particular, miR-21, an oncogenic miRNA is a major player involved in tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis in several cancers, including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, delivery of therapeutic miRNA or anti-miRNA specifically into cancer cells in vivo without collateral damage to healthy cells remains challenging. We report here the application of RNA nanotechnology for specific and efficient delivery of anti-miR-21 to block the growth of TNBC in orthotopic mouse models. The 15 nm therapeutic RNA nanoparticles contains the 58-nucleotide (nt) phi29 pRNA-3WJ as a core, a 8-nt sequence complementary to the seed region of miR-21, and a 39-nt epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting aptamer for internalizing RNA nanoparticles into cancer cells via receptor mediated endocytosis. The RNase resistant and thermodynamically stable RNA nanoparticles remained intact after systemic injection into mice and strongly bound to tumors with little or no accumulation in healthy organs 8 h postinjection, and subsequently repressed tumor growth at low doses. The observed specific cancer targeting and tumor regression is a result of several key attributes of RNA nanoparticles: anionic charge which disallows nonspecific passage across negatively charged cell membrane; "active" targeting using RNA aptamers which increases the homing of RNA nanoparticles to cancer cells; nanoscale size and shape which avoids rapid renal clearance and engulfment by lung macrophages and liver Kupffer cells; favorable biodistribution profiles with little accumulation in healthy organs, which minimizes nonspecific side effects; and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles with extended in vivo half-life. The results demonstrate the clinical potentials of RNA nanotechnology based platform to deliver miRNA based therapeutics for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shu
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
- Address correspondence to ,
| | - Hui Li
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Yi Shu
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Gaofeng Xiong
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - William E. Carson
- OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Farzin Haque
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Ren Xu
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Peixuan Guo
- Nanobiotechnology Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
- Address correspondence to ,
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47
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Role and Function of MicroRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Biology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:161393. [PMID: 26558258 PMCID: PMC4618108 DOI: 10.1155/2015/161393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular communication mediated by extracellular vesicles is crucial for preserving vascular integrity and in the development of cardiovascular disease. Extracellular vesicles consist of apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes that can be found in almost every fluid compartment of the body like blood, saliva, and urine. In the recent years, a lot of reports came up suggesting that major cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies like atherogenesis, heart failure, or diabetes are highly influenced by transfer of microRNAs via extracellular vesicles leading to altered protein expression and phenotypes of recipient cells. The following review will summarize the fast developing field of intercellular signaling in cardiovascular biology by microRNA-containing extracellular vesicles.
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miRNA-based therapies: strategies and delivery platforms for oligonucleotide and non-oligonucleotide agents. Future Med Chem 2015; 6:1967-84. [PMID: 25495987 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of miRNAs as important regulatory agents for gene expression has expanded the therapeutic opportunities for oligonucleotides. In contrast to siRNA, miRNA-targeted therapy is able to influence not only a single gene, but entire cellular pathways or processes. It is possible to supplement downregulated or non-functional miRNAs by synthetic oligonucleotides, as well as alleviating effects caused by overexpression of malignant miRNAs through artificial antagonists, either oligonucleotides or small molecules. Chemical oligonucleotide modifications together with an efficient delivery system seem to be mandatory for successful therapeutic application. While miRNA-based therapy benefits from the decades of research spent on other therapeutic oligonucleotides, there are some specific challenges associated with miRNA therapy, mainly caused by the short target sequence. The current status and recent progress of miRNA-targeted therapeutics is described and future challenges and potential applications in treatment of cancer and viral infections are discussed.
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Baigude H, Rana TM. Strategies to antagonize miRNA functions in vitro and in vivo. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 9:2545-55. [PMID: 25490425 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are a class of short noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Diseased tissues have altered miRNA expression patterns, which could provide potential therapeutic targets. Introducing chemically engineered antisense oligonucleotides to cells can silence upregulated miRNAs. Successful miRNA inhibition can be assessed directly by quantitative reverse transcription PCR or northern blot, or indirectly by measuring de-repression of target genes or using reporter assays. In this review, we will discuss the design of chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (anti-miRNA), in vivo delivery of anti-miRNA to inhibit disease-related miRNAs and the development of nanoparticle-based anti-miRNA delivery systems. In particular, we will focus on interfering nanoparticles that we designed for in vivo delivery of chemically modified anti-miRNA-122 in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huricha Baigude
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West College Road, Hohhot 010021, China
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50
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Abstract
Cell penetrating peptides (CPP), also known as protein transduction domains (PTD), are small peptides able to carry peptides, proteins, nucleic acid, and nanoparticles, including viral particles, across the cellular membranes into cells, resulting in internalization of the intact cargo. In general, CPPs can be broadly classified into tissue-specific and non-tissue specific peptides, with the latter further sub-divided into three types: (1) cationic peptides of 6-12 amino acids in length comprised predominantly of arginine, lysine and/or ornithine residues; (2) hydrophobic peptides such as leader sequences of secreted growth factors or cytokines; and (3) amphipathic peptides obtained by linking hydrophobic peptides to nuclear localizing signals. Tissue-specific peptides are usually identified by screening of large peptide phage display libraries. These transduction peptides have the potential for a myriad of diagnostic as well as therapeutic applications, ranging from delivery of fluorescent or radioactive compounds for imaging, to delivery of peptides and proteins of therapeutic potential, and improving uptake of DNA, RNA, siRNA and even viral particles. Here we review the potential applications as well as hurdles to the tremendous potential of these CPPs, in particular the cell-type specific peptides.
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