1
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Bashiru M, Rayaan M, Ali N, Jenkins SV, Oyebade A, Rahman MS, Griffin RJ, Oyelere AK, Siraj N. Interrogating the Role of Endocytosis Pathway and Organelle Trafficking for Doxorubicin-Based Combination Ionic Nanomedicines. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5359-5368. [PMID: 39102354 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
We have studied the endocytic mechanisms that determine subcellular localization for three carrier-free chemotherapeutic-photothermal (chemo-PTT) combination ionic nanomedicines (INMs) composed of doxorubicin (DOX) and an near-infrared (NIR) dye (ICG, IR820, or IR783). This study aims to understand the cellular basis for previously published enhanced toxicity results of these combination nanomedicines toward MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The active transport mechanism of INMs, unlike free DOX, which is known to employ passive transport, was validated by conducting temperature-dependent cellular uptake of the drug in MCF-7 cells using confocal microscopy. The internalization pathway of these INMs was further probed in the presence and absence of different endocytosis inhibitors. Detailed examination of the mode of entry of the carrier-free INMs in MCF-7 cells revealed that they are primarily internalized through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. In addition, time-dependent subcellular localization studies were also investigated. Examination of time-dependent confocal images indicated that the INMs targeted multiple organelles, in contrast to free DOX that primarily targets the nucleus. Collectively, the high cellular endocytic uptake in cancerous cells (EPR effect) and the multimode targeting ability demonstrated the main reason for the low half-maxima inhibitory concentration (IC50) value (the high cytotoxicity) of these carrier-free INMs as compared to their respective parent chemo and PTT drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujeebat Bashiru
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Muhammad Rayaan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Nawab Ali
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Samir V Jenkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, United States
| | - Adeniyi Oyebade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Md Shahedur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
| | - Robert J Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, United States
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Noureen Siraj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, Arkansas 72204, United States
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2
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Keshavarz Shahbaz S, Koushki K, Izadi O, Penson PE, Sukhorukov VN, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. Advancements in curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticle delivery systems: progressive strategies in cancer therapy. J Drug Target 2024:1-26. [PMID: 39106154 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2389892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and imposes a substantial socioeconomic burden with little impact especially on aggressive types of cancer. Conventional therapies have many serious side effects including generalised systemic toxicity which limits their long-term use. Tumour resistance and recurrence is another main problem associated with conventional therapy. Purified or extracted natural products have been investigated as cost-effective cancer chemoprotective agents with the potential to reverse or delaying carcinogenesis. Curcumin (CUR) as a natural polyphenolic component, exhibits many pharmacological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, activity against neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer, antidiabetic activities (type II diabetes), anticoagulant properties, wound healing effects in both preclinical and clinical studies. Despite these effective protective properties, CUR has several limitations, including poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, chemical instability, rapid metabolism and a short half-life time. To overcome the pharmaceutical problems associated with free CUR, novel nanomedicine strategies (including polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) such as poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs have been developed. These formulations have the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy of curcuminoids. In this review, we comprehensively summarise and discuss recent in vitro and in vivo studies to explore the pharmaceutical significance and clinical benefits of PLGA-NPs delivery system to improve the efficacy of CUR in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- USERN Office, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Koushki
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Omid Izadi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, ACECR Institute of Higher Education Kermanshah, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Peter E Penson
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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3
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Kawaguchi Y, Futaki S. Finding ways into the cytosol: Peptide-mediated approaches for delivering proteins into cells. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 81:102482. [PMID: 38905721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of functional proteins, including antibodies, into cells opens up many opportunities to regulate cellular events, with significant implications for studies in chemical biology and therapeutics. The inside of cells is isolated from the outside by the cell membrane. The hydrophilic nature of proteins prevents direct permeation of proteins through the cell membrane by passive diffusion. Therefore, delivery routes using endocytic uptake followed by endosomal escape have been explored. Alternatively, delivery concepts using transient permeabilization of cell membranes or effective promotion of endocytic uptake and endosomal escape using modified membrane-lytic peptides have been reported in recent years. Non-canonical protein delivery concepts, such as the use of liquid droplets or coacervates, have also been proposed. This review highlights some of the topics in peptide-mediated intracellular protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Kawaguchi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shiroh Futaki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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4
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Montizaan D, Bartucci R, Reker-Smit C, de Weerd S, Åberg C, Guryev V, Spierings DCJ, Salvati A. Genome-wide forward genetic screening to identify receptors and proteins mediating nanoparticle uptake and intracellular processing. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:1022-1031. [PMID: 38504023 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how cells process nanoparticles is crucial to optimize nanomedicine efficacy. However, characterizing cellular pathways is challenging, especially if non-canonical mechanisms are involved. In this Article a genome-wide forward genetic screening based on insertional mutagenesis is applied to discover receptors and proteins involved in the intracellular accumulation (uptake and intracellular processing) of silica nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are covered by a human serum corona known to target the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). By sorting cells with reduced nanoparticle accumulation and deep sequencing after each sorting, 80 enriched genes are identified. We find that, as well as LDLR, the scavenger receptor SCARB1 also mediates nanoparticle accumulation. Additionally, heparan sulfate acts as a specific nanoparticle receptor, and its role varies depending on cell and nanoparticle type. Furthermore, some of the identified targets affect nanoparticle trafficking to the lysosomes. These results show the potential of genetic screening to characterize nanoparticle pathways. Additionally, they indicate that corona-coated nanoparticles are internalized via multiple receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Montizaan
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Bartucci
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina Reker-Smit
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander de Weerd
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christoffer Åberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Guryev
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana C J Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Salvati
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Fang L, Li J, Cheng H, Liu H, Zhang C. Dual fluorescence images, transport pathway, and blood-brain barrier penetration of B-Met-W/O/W SE. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123854. [PMID: 38280499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Borneol is an aromatic traditional Chinese medicine that can improve the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), enter the brain, and promote the brain tissue distribution of many other drugs. In our previous study, borneol-metformin hydrochloride water/oil/water composite submicron emulsion (B-Met-W/O/W SE) was prepared using borneol and SE to promote BBB penetration, which significantly increased the brain distribution of Met. However, the dynamic images, transport pathway (uptake and efflux), promotion of BBB permeability, and mechanisms of B-Met-W/O/W SE before and after entering cells have not been clarified. In this study, rhodamine B and coumarin-6 were selected as water-soluble and oil-soluble fluorescent probes to prepare B-Met-W/O/W dual-fluorescent SE (B-Met-W/O/W DFSE) with concentric circle imaging. B-Met-W/O/W SE can be well taken up by brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). The addition of three inhibitors (chlorpromazine hydrochloride, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, and amiloride hydrochloride) indicated that its main pathway may be clathrin-mediated and fossa protein-mediated endocytosis. Meanwhile, B-Met-W/O/W SE was obviously shown to inhibit the efflux of BMECs. Next, BMECs were cultured in the Transwell chamber to establish a BBB model, and Western blot was employed to detect the protein expressions of Occludin, Zona Occludens 1 (ZO-1), and p-glycoprotein (P-gp) after B-Met-W/O/W SE treatment. The results showed that B-Met-W/O/W SE significantly down-regulated the expression of Occludin, ZO-1, and P-gp, which increased the permeability of BBB, promoted drug entry into the brain through BBB, and inhibited BBB efflux. Furthermore, 11 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7 related signaling pathways in BMECs treated with B-W/O/W SE were detected by transcriptome sequencing and verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These results provide a scientific experimental basis for the dynamic monitoring, transmembrane transport mode, and permeation-promoting mechanism of B-Met-W/O/W SE as a new brain-targeting drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Fang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Junying Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Hongyan Cheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; School of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacokinetics, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials Quality Improvement Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei 230012, Anhui, China; Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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6
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Hasan U, Chauhan M, Basu SM, R J, Giri J. Overcoming multidrug resistance by reversan and exterminating glioblastoma and glioblastoma stem cells by delivering drug-loaded nanostructure hybrid lipid capsules (nHLCs). Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:342-359. [PMID: 37587289 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is regarded as a highly aggressive brain cancer with a poor prognosis. There is an increase in the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR), making it a potential target for improving drug responses. Additionally, glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) increase resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy and play a major role in cancer relapse. In this study, we targeted P-gp using a small molecule inhibitor, reversan (RV), to inhibit MDR that prolonged the retention of drugs in the cytosolic milieu. To eliminate GBM and GSCs, we have used two well-established anti-cancer drugs, regorafenib (RF) and curcumin (CMN). To improve the pharmacokinetics and decrease systemic delivery of drugs, we developed nanostructure hybrid lipid capsules (nHLCs), where hydrophobic drugs can be loaded in the core, and their physicochemical properties were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Inhibition of MDR by RV has also shown enhanced retention of nHLC in GBM cells. Co-delivery of drug-loaded nHLCs, pre-treated with RV, exhibited superior cytotoxicity in both GBM and GSCs than their individual doses and effectively reduced the size and stemness of tumor spheres and accelerated the rate of apoptosis, suggesting a promising treatment for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Meenakshi Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Suparna Mercy Basu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jayakumar R
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jyotsnendu Giri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India.
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7
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Liang J, Wang WF, Zhang Y, Chai YQ, Li YG, Jiang SL, Zhu XH, Guo YL, Wei Z, Sun XZ, Kuang HX, Xia YG. Fructooligosaccharides and fructans from Platycodon grandiflorum: Structural characterization, lung-oriented guidance and targetability. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121457. [PMID: 37940316 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) has been widely applied as a conductant drug by ancient and modern traditional Chinese medicine practitioners during long-term clinical practice. However, determining how to guide other medicines to the targeted lungs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription remains unclear. An ethanol soluble fraction (Fr. B) was obtained by macroporous resin and 75 % ethanol precipitate. The components were unambiguously determined as fructooligosaccharides and small molecule weight (Mw) fructans according to HILIC-ESI--MS/MS, MS/MS and 1/2D NMR. We discovered that the Fr. B possesses the lung-oriented guidance and targetability by activating Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum (Golgi-ER) transport system. Rab21, a highly expressed transmembrane protein in the lungs, was found to be the core-affinity target of Fr. B which physically colocalized with the Golgi-ER and directly interacted with Rab21 to accelerate the uptake of extracellular therapeutic substances. The lung-oriented guidance and targetability of Fr. B was validated by the transient knockdown and overexpression of Rab21 considering dynamic observations of colocalization interactions among Fr. B, extracellular substances, and the Golgi-ER. Together, our results delineate a potential mechanism of Fr. B toward lung-oriented guidance and targetability via a direct targeting affinity of Rab21 and resulting collective stimulation of key Golgi-ER transport effectors for the acceleration of extracellular substances into the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wen-Fei Wang
- Bio-pharmaceutical Lab, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yan-Qun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ya-Ge Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Si-Liang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xin-Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu-Li Guo
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xi-Zhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yong-Gang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, China.
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8
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Mishra P, Ali Ahmad MF, Al-Keridis LA, Saeed M, Alshammari N, Alabdallah NM, Tiwari RK, Ahmad A, Verma M, Fatima S, Ansari IA. Methotrexate-conjugated zinc oxide nanoparticles exert a substantially improved cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1194578. [PMID: 37915418 PMCID: PMC10616591 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1194578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we report the synthesis of methotrexate-conjugated zinc oxide nanoparticles (MTX-ZnONPs) and their high efficacy against lung cancer cells. Conjugation of MTX with ZnONPs was authenticated by UV-vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This drug-nanoconjugate also showed high drug-loading efficiency. The therapeutic efficacy of MTX-ZnONPs was further tested in vitro against A549 cells, and the results of MTT and LDH release assays showed that MTX-ZnONPs, in addition to free MTX, were efficient in exerting cytotoxic effect on A549 cells; however, the effectiveness of MTX-ZnONPs was found to be considerably enhanced at very low doses compared to that of free MTX. Moreover, ZnONPs alone significantly inhibited the cell viability of A549 cells at a much higher concentration compared to MTX-ZnONPs and MTX. Furthermore, the cytomorphology of A549 cells was characterized by cellular shrinkage and detachment from the surface in all the treatment groups. Similarly, A549 cells, in all the treatment groups, showed fragmented and condensed nuclei, indicating the initiation of apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ψm) in A549 cells showed a gradual loss in all the treatment groups. Results of the qualitative and quantitative analyses depicted increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in A549 cells. The results of the caspase activity assay showed that MTX-ZnONPs andfree MTX caused significant activation of caspase-9, -8, and -3 in A549 cells; however, the effect of MTX-ZnONPs was more profound at very low doses compared to that of free MTX. Thus, our results showed high efficacy of MTX-ZnONPs, suggesting efficient intracellular delivery of the drug by ZnONPs as nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakriti Mishra
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M. Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rohit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
- Department of Clinical Research, School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Afza Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Mahima Verma
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Shireen Fatima
- Department of Biosciences Integral University Lucknow, Lucknow, India
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9
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Vicente-Ruiz S, Armiñán A, Maso K, Gallon E, Zagorodko O, Movellan J, Rodríguez-Otormín F, Baues M, May JN, De Lorenzi F, Lammers T, Vicent MJ. Poly-l-glutamic acid modification modulates the bio-nano interface of a therapeutic anti-IGF-1R antibody in prostate cancer. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122280. [PMID: 37598440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Modifying biological agents with polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) has demonstrated clinical benefits; however, post-market surveillance of PEGylated derivatives has revealed PEG-associated toxicity issues, prompting the search for alternatives. We explore how conjugating a poly-l-glutamic acid (PGA) to an anti-insulin growth factor 1 receptor antibody (AVE1642) modulates the bio-nano interface and anti-tumor activity in preclinical prostate cancer models. Native and PGA-modified AVE1642 display similar anti-tumor activity in vitro; however, AVE1642 prompts IGF-1R internalization while PGA conjugation prompts higher affinity IGF-1R binding, thereby inhibiting IGF-1R internalization and altering cell trafficking. AVE1642 attenuates phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling, while PGA-AVE1642 inhibits phosphoinositide 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. PGA conjugation also enhances AVE1642's anti-tumor activity in an orthotopic prostate cancer mouse model, while PGA-AVE1642 induces more significant suppression of cancer cell proliferation/angiogenesis than AVE1642. These findings demonstrate that PGA conjugation modulates an antibody's bio-nano interface, mechanism of action, and therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vicente-Ruiz
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Armiñán
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Katia Maso
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Gallon
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Oleksandr Zagorodko
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julie Movellan
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain; Current address: CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Maike Baues
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Jan-Niklas May
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Federica De Lorenzi
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - María J Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory, Prince Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain; CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Wen Z, Liu C, Teng Z, Jin Q, Liao Z, Zhu X, Huo S. Ultrasound meets the cell membrane: for enhanced endocytosis and drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13532-13545. [PMID: 37548587 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02562d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis plays a crucial role in drug delivery for precision therapy. As a non-invasive and spatiotemporal-controllable stimulus, ultrasound (US) has been utilized for improving drug delivery efficiency due to its ability to enhance cell membrane permeability. When US meets the cell membrane, the well-known cavitation effect generated by US can cause various biophysical effects, facilitating the delivery of various cargoes, especially nanocarriers. The comprehension of recent progress in the biophysical mechanism governing the interaction between ultrasound and cell membranes holds significant implications for the broader scientific community, particularly in drug delivery and nanomedicine. This review will summarize the latest research results on the biological effects and mechanisms of US-enhanced cellular endocytosis. Moreover, the latest achievements in US-related biomedical applications will be discussed. Finally, challenges and opportunities of US-enhanced endocytosis for biomedical applications will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Chen Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zihao Teng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Quanyi Jin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhihuan Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Shuaidong Huo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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11
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Zeng S, Liu X, Kafuti YS, Kim H, Wang J, Peng X, Li H, Yoon J. Fluorescent dyes based on rhodamine derivatives for bioimaging and therapeutics: recent progress, challenges, and prospects. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5607-5651. [PMID: 37485842 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Since their inception, rhodamine dyes have been extensively applied in biotechnology as fluorescent markers or for the detection of biomolecules owing to their good optical physical properties. Accordingly, they have emerged as a powerful tool for the visualization of living systems. In addition to fluorescence bioimaging, the molecular design of rhodamine derivatives with disease therapeutic functions (e.g., cancer and bacterial infection) has recently attracted increased research attention, which is significantly important for the construction of molecular libraries for diagnostic and therapeutic integration. However, reviews focusing on integrated design strategies for rhodamine dye-based diagnosis and treatment and their wide application in disease treatment are extremely rare. In this review, first, a brief history of the development of rhodamine fluorescent dyes, the transformation of rhodamine fluorescent dyes from bioimaging to disease therapy, and the concept of optics-based diagnosis and treatment integration and its significance to human development are presented. Next, a systematic review of several excellent rhodamine-based derivatives for bioimaging, as well as for disease diagnosis and treatment, is presented. Finally, the challenges in practical integration of rhodamine-based diagnostic and treatment dyes and the future outlook of clinical translation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaosheng Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yves S Kafuti
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Haidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Medical Engineering for Gastrointestinal Carcinoma, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
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12
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Strasser P, Montsch B, Weiss S, Sami H, Kugler C, Hager S, Schueffl H, Mader R, Brüggemann O, Kowol CR, Ogris M, Heffeter P, Teasdale I. Degradable Bottlebrush Polypeptides and the Impact of their Architecture on Cell Uptake, Pharmacokinetics, and Biodistribution In Vivo. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300767. [PMID: 36843221 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bottlebrush polymers are highly promising as unimolecular nanomedicines due to their unique control over the critical parameters of size, shape and chemical function. However, since they are prepared from biopersistent carbon backbones, most known bottlebrush polymers are non-degradable and thus unsuitable for systemic therapeutic administration. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of novel poly(organo)phosphazene-g-poly(α-glutamate) (PPz-g-PGA) bottlebrush polymers with exceptional control over their structure and molecular dimensions (Dh ≈ 15-50 nm). These single macromolecules show outstanding aqueous solubility, ultra-high multivalency and biodegradability, making them ideal as nanomedicines. While well-established in polymer therapeutics, it has hitherto not been possible to prepare defined single macromolecules of PGA in these nanosized dimensions. A direct correlation was observed between the macromolecular dimensions of the bottlebrush polymers and their intracellular uptake in CT26 colon cancer cells. Furthermore, the bottlebrush macromolecular structure visibly enhanced the pharmacokinetics by reducing renal clearance and extending plasma half-lives. Real-time analysis of the biodistribution dynamics showed architecture-driven organ distribution and enhanced tumor accumulation. This work, therefore, introduces a robust, controlled synthesis route to bottlebrush polypeptides, overcoming limitations of current polymer-based nanomedicines and, in doing so, offers valuable insights into the influence of architecture on the in vivo performance of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Strasser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Bianca Montsch
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Silvia Weiss
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Haider Sami
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Christoph Kugler
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Sonja Hager
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Hemma Schueffl
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Robert Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Oliver Brüggemann
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, 4040, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Ian Teasdale
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, 4040, Austria
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13
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pH-Responsive Drug Delivery Nanoplatforms as Smart Carriers of Unsymmetrical Bisacridines for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010201. [PMID: 36678830 PMCID: PMC9861370 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective therapy and controlled drug release at an intracellular level remain key challenges for effective cancer treatment. Here, we employed folic acid (FA) as a self-navigating molecule in nanoconjugates containing quantum dots (QDs) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for the delivery of antitumor unsymmetrical bisacridine compound (C-2028) to lung and prostate cancers as well as normal cells. The bisacridine derivative can form the inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin molecule, due to the presence of a planar fragment in its structure. The stability of such a complex is pH-dependent. The drug release profile at different pH values and the mechanism of C-2028 release from QDs-β-CD-FA nanoconjugates were investigated. Next, the intracellular fate of compounds and their influence on lysosomal content in the cells were also studied. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy studies proved that all investigated compounds were delivered to acidic organelles, the pH of which promoted an increased release of C-2028 from its nanoconjugates. Since the pH in normal cells is higher than in cancer cells, the release of C-2028 from its nanoconjugates is decreased in these cells. Additionally, we obtained the concentration profiles of C-2028 in the selected cells treated with unbound C-2028 or nanoconjugate by the HPLC analysis.
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14
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Shi J, Wang H, Wang Y, Peng Y, Huang X, Zhang Y, Geng H, Wang Y, Li X, Liu C, Liu C. Mitochondrion-targeting and in situ photocontrolled protein delivery via photocages. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 238:112624. [PMID: 36521315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Defects in mitochondrial proteostasis contribute to many disorders, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic and genetic diseases. A strategy aimed at restoring the damaged mitochondrial proteostasis is the mitochondrion-targeting and carrier-free delivery of exogenous functional proteins that can replace the endogenous dysfunctional proteins. The modification of a protein with a photolabile protecting group (PPG, i.e., photocage group) can be activated in situ by response to illumination, leading to release of the protein from its photocage. Here, the Cys and peptide photocages with coumarin were first prepared and characterized for proof of concept. Then, we designed a pair of photocage groups PPG-RhB and PPG-TPP using coumarin and mitochondrion-targeting Rhodamine B (RhB) and triphenylphosphine (TPP), and another pair of organelle-nontarget photocage groups Br-PPG and NO2-PPG for comparison. The proteins modified with these two pairs of photocage groups undergo photolysis in solutions, and can penetrate cell membrane toward their destinations in the carrier-free fashions. The intracellular protein photocages are in situ activated by illumination at 405 nm, and the proteins are released from their photocages in mitochondria and cytoplasm, respectively. This strategy of light-responsive and carrier-free cellular delivery enables mitochondrial and cytoplasmic accumulation of exogenous proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yujie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hongen Geng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China; College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Chunrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Changlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China.
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15
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Khan R, Panja S, Ding L, Tang S, Tang W, Kapoor E, Bennett RG, Oupický D. Polymeric Chloroquine as an Effective Antimigration Agent in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4631-4643. [PMID: 36346968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been the subject of multiple recent preclinical and clinical studies for its beneficial use in the combination treatments of different types of cancers. Polymeric HCQ (PCQ), a macromolecular multivalent version of HCQ, has been shown to be effective in various cancer models both in vitro and in vivo as an inhibitor of cancer cell migration and experimental lung metastasis. Here, we present detailed in vitro studies that show that low concentrations of PCQ can efficiently inhibit cancer cell migration and colony formation orders of magnitude more effectively compared to HCQ. After intraperitoneal administration of PCQ in vivo, high levels of tumor accumulation and penetration are observed, combined with strong antimetastatic activity in an orthotopic pancreatic cancer model. These studies support the idea that PCQ may be effectively used at low doses as an adjuvant in the therapy of pancreatic cancer. In conjunction with previously published literature, these studies further undergird the potential of PCQ as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubayat Khan
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Sudipta Panja
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Ling Ding
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Siyuan Tang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Weimin Tang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Ekta Kapoor
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Robert G Bennett
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska 68105, United States
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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16
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Yadav DN, Ali MS, Thanekar AM, Pogu SV, Rengan AK. Recent Advancements in the Design of Nanodelivery Systems of siRNA for Cancer Therapy. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4506-4526. [PMID: 36409653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has increased the possibility of restoring RNA drug targets for cancer treatment. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising therapeutic RNAi tool that targets the defective gene by inhibiting its mRNA expression and stopping its translation. However, siRNAs have flaws like poor intracellular trafficking, RNase degradation, rapid kidney filtration, off-targeting, and toxicity, which limit their therapeutic efficiency. Nanocarriers (NCs) have been designed to overcome such flaws and increase antitumor activity. Combining siRNA and anticancer drugs can give synergistic effects in cancer cells, making them a significant gene-modification tool in cancer therapy. Our discussion of NCs-mediated siRNA delivery in this review includes their mechanism, limitations, and advantages in comparison with naked siRNA delivery. We will also discuss organic NCs (polymers and lipids) and inorganic NCs (quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, and gold) that have been reported for extensive delivery of therapeutic siRNA to tumor sites. Finally, we will conclude by discussing the studies based on organic and inorganic NCs-mediated siRNA drug delivery systems conducted in the years 2020 and 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dokkari Nagalaxmi Yadav
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
| | - Mohammad Sadik Ali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
| | | | - Sunil Venkanna Pogu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi 502284, India
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17
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Poley M, Chen G, Sharf-Pauker N, Avital A, Kaduri M, Sela M, Raimundo PM, Koren L, Arber S, Egorov E, Shainsky J, Shklover J, Schroeder A. Sex‐Based Differences in the Biodistribution of Nanoparticles and Their Effect on Hormonal, Immune, and Metabolic Function. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Poley
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Gal Chen
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Noga Sharf-Pauker
- The Norman Seiden Multidisciplinary Program for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Aviram Avital
- The Norman Seiden Multidisciplinary Program for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Maya Kaduri
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Mor Sela
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Patricia Mora Raimundo
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Lilach Koren
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Sivan Arber
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Egor Egorov
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Janna Shainsky
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Jeny Shklover
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Avi Schroeder
- Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
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18
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Wang L, Liu Q, Hu X, Zhou C, Ma Y, Wang X, Tang Y, Chen K, Wang X, Liu Y. Enhanced Oral Absorption and Liver Distribution of Polymeric Nanoparticles through Traveling the Enterohepatic Circulation Pathways of Bile Acid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:41712-41725. [PMID: 36069201 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is known to be a main hindrance to oral delivery of nanoparticles. Even though surface ligand modification can enhance cellular uptake of nanoparticles, the "easy entry and hard across" was frequently observed for many active targeting nanoparticles. Here, we fabricated polymeric nanoparticles relayed by bile acid transporters with monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,l-lactide) and deoxycholic acid-conjugated poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-poly(D,l-lactide) based on structural characteristics of intestine epithelium and the absorption characteristics of endogenous substances. As anticipated, deoxycholic acid-modified polymeric nanoparticles featuring good stability in simulated gastrointestinal fluid could notably promote the internalization of their payload by Caco-2 cells through mediation of apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) and transmembrane transport of the nanoparticles across Caco-2 cell monolayers via relay-guide of ASBT, ileal bile acid-binding protein, and the heteromeric organic solute transporter (OSTα-OSTβ) along with multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (MRP3) evidenced by competitive inhibition and fluorescence immunoassay, which was further visually confirmed by the stronger fluorescence from C6-labeled nanoparticles inside enterocytes and the basal side of the intestinal epithelium of mice. The transcellular transport of deoxycholic acid-modified nanoparticles in an intact form was mediated by caveolin/lipid rafts and clathrin with intracellular trafficking trace of endosome-lysosome-ER-Golgi apparatus and bile acid transport route. Furthermore, the increased uptake by HepG2 cells compared with unmodified nanoparticles evidenced the target ability of deoxycholic acid-modified nanoparticles to the liver, which was further supported by ex vivo imaging of excised major organs of mice. Thus, this study provided a feasible and potential strategy to further enhance transepithelial transport efficiency and liver-targeted ability of nanoparticles by means of the specific enterohepatic circulation pathways of bile acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinping Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuhang Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yining Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingwei Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kanghao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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19
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Ni N, Wang W, Sun Y, Sun X, Leong DT. Inducible endothelial leakiness in nanotherapeutic applications. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121640. [PMID: 35772348 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
All intravenous delivered nanomedicine needs to escape from the blood vessel to exert their therapeutic efficacy at their designated site of action. Failure to do so increases the possibility of detrimental side effects and negates their therapeutic intent. Many powerful anticancer nanomedicine strategies rely solely on the tumor derived enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect for the only mode of escaping from the tumor vasculature. However, not all tumors have the EPR effect nor can the EPR effect be induced or controlled for its location and timeliness. In recent years, there have been exciting developments along the lines of inducing endothelial leakiness at the tumor to decrease the dependence of EPR. Physical disruption of the endothelial-endothelial cell junctions with coordinated biological intrinsic pathways have been proposed that includes various modalities like ultrasound, radiotherapy, heat and even nanoparticles, appear to show good progress towards the goal of inducing endothelial leakiness. This review explains the intricate and complex biological background behind the endothelial cells with linkages on how updated reported nanomedicine strategies managed to induce endothelial leakiness. This review will also end off with fresh insights on where the future of inducible endothelial leakiness holds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengyi Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Weiyi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore; Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250000, China.
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
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20
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Mathur D, Rogers KE, Díaz SA, Muroski ME, Klein WP, Nag OK, Lee K, Field LD, Delehanty JB, Medintz IL. Determining the Cytosolic Stability of Small DNA Nanostructures In Cellula. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5037-5045. [PMID: 35580267 PMCID: PMC9233082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures have proven potential in biomedicine. However, their intracellular interactions─especially cytosolic stability─remain mostly unknown and attempts to discern this are confounded by the complexities of endocytic uptake and entrapment. Here, we bypass the endocytic uptake and evaluate the DNA structural stability directly in live cells. Commonly used DNA structures─crosshairs and a tetrahedron─were labeled with a multistep Förster resonance energy transfer dye cascade and microinjected into the cytosol of transformed and primary cells. Energy transfer loss, as monitored by fluorescence microscopy, reported the structure's direct time-resolved breakdown in cellula. The results showed rapid degradation of the DNA crosshair within 20 min, while the tetrahedron remained consistently intact for at least 1 h postinjection. Nuclease assays in conjunction with a current understanding of the tetrahedron's torsional rigidity confirmed its higher stability. Such studies can inform design parameters for future DNA nanostructures where programmable degradation rates may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divita Mathur
- College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Katherine E Rogers
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sebastián A Díaz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Megan E Muroski
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
- American Society of Engineering Education, Washington, DC 20036, United States
| | - William P Klein
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
- National Research Council, Washington, DC 20001, United States
| | - Okhil K Nag
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Kwahun Lee
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
- American Society of Engineering Education, Washington, DC 20036, United States
| | - Lauren D Field
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
- National Research Council, Washington, DC 20001, United States
| | - James B Delehanty
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
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21
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Trends in the Design and Evaluation of Polymeric Nanocarriers: The In Vitro Nano-Bio Interactions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1357:19-41. [PMID: 35583639 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-88071-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Different types of natural and synthetic polymeric nanocarriers are being tested for diverse biomedical applications ranging from drug/gene delivery vehicles to imaging probes. The development of such innovative nanoparticulate systems (NPs) should include in the very beginning of their conception a comprehensive evaluation of the nano-bio interactions. Specifically, intrinsic physicochemical properties as size, surface charge and shape may have an impact on cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, exocytosis and cyto- or genocompatibility. Those properties can be tuned for effectiveness purposes such as targeting intracellular organelles, but at the same time inducing unforeseen adverse nanotoxicological effects. Further, those properties may change due to the adsorption of biological components (e.g. proteins) with a tremendous impact on the cellular response. The evaluation of these NPs is highly challenging and has produced some controversial results. Future research work should focus on the standardization of analytical or computational methodologies, aiming the identification of toxicity trends and the generation of a useful meta-analysis database on polymeric nanocarriers.This chapter covers all the aforementioned aspects, emphasizing the importance of the in vitro cellular studies in the first stages of polymeric nanocarriers development.
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22
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Tang Y, Yu Z, Lu X, Fan Q, Huang W. Overcoming Vascular Barriers to Improve the Theranostic Outcomes of Nanomedicines. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103148. [PMID: 35246962 PMCID: PMC9069202 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanotheranostics aims to utilize nanomaterials to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases to improve the quality of patients' lives. Blood vessels are responsible to deliver nutrients and oxygen to the whole body, eliminate waste, and provide access for patrolling immune cells for healthy tissues. Meanwhile, they can also nourish disease tissues, spread disease factors or cells into other healthy tissues, and deliver nanotheranostic agents to cover all the regions of a disease tissue. Thus, blood vessels are the first and the most important barrier for highly efficient nanotheranostics. Here, the structure and function of blood vessels are explored and how these characteristics affect nanotheranostics is discussed. Moreover, new mechanisms and related strategies about overcoming vascular obstacles for improved nanotheranostic outcomes are critically summarized, and their merits and demerits of each strategy are analyzed. Moreover, the present challenges to completely exhibit the potential of overcoming vascular barriers to improve the theranostic outcomes of nanomedicines in life science are also discussed. Finally, the future perspective is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing211800P. R. China
| | - Zhongzheng Yu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore637459Singapore
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing211800P. R. China
| | - Quli Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for BiosensorsInstitute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210023China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE)Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU)Xi'an710072China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing Tech University30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing211800P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for BiosensorsInstitute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210023China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE)Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU)Xi'an710072China
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23
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Wu S, Liu M, Hu X, He C, Zhao C, Xiang S, Zeng Y. Evaluation of pentaerythritol-based and trimethylolpropane-based cationic lipidic materials for gene delivery. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 62:128635. [PMID: 35202809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The chemical and physical structure of cationic liposomes pays an important effect on their gene transfection efficiency. Investigation on the structure-function relationship of cationic liposomes will guide the design of novel cationic liposomes with high transfection efficiency and biosafety. In this paper, two novel series of lipids based on the backbone of pentaerythritol and trimethylolpropane were discovered, and their gene transfection efficiencies were assayed in vitro. The four lipids 8c, 9c, 14b, and 15b, exhibited much better transfection efficiency in the HEK293 cell lines compared with Lipo2000, lipid 9c also showed good transfection efficiency in the SW480 cell lines. And the structure-efficiency relationship revealed that a hydroxyethyl polar head group boosted transfer potency in trimethylolpropane-type lipids, but reduced in pentaerythritol-type lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Meiyan Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, PR China
| | - Chengxi He
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Shuanglin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, PR China
| | - Youlin Zeng
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
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24
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Kavanagh EW, Green JJ. Toward Gene Transfer Nanoparticles as Therapeutics. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102145. [PMID: 35006646 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetic medicine has great potential to treat the underlying causes of many human diseases with exquisite precision, but the field has historically been stymied by delivery as the central challenge. Nanoparticles, engineered constructs the size of natural viruses, are being designed to more closely mimic the delivery efficiency of viruses, while enabling the advantages of increased safety, cargo-carrying flexibility, specific targeting, and ease in manufacturing. The speed in which nonviral gene transfer nanoparticles are making progress in the clinic is accelerating, with clinical validation of multiple nonviral nucleic acid delivery nanoparticle formulations recently FDA approved for both expression and for silencing of genes. While much of this progress has been with lipid nanoparticle formulations, significant development is being made with other nanomaterials for gene transfer as well, with favorable attributes such as biodegradability, scalability, and cell targeting. This review highlights the state of the field, current challenges in delivery, and opportunities for engineered nanomaterials to meet these challenges, including enabling long-term therapeutic gene editing. Delivery technology utilizing different kinds of nanomaterials and varying cargos for gene transfer (DNA, mRNA, and ribonucleoproteins) are discussed. Clinical applications are presented, including for the treatment of genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin W. Kavanagh
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 400 North Broadway, Smith Building 5017 Baltimore MD 21231 USA
| | - Jordan J. Green
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Ophthalmology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Translational Tissue Engineering Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 400 North Broadway, Smith Building 5017 Baltimore MD 21231 USA
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25
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Ma Z, Zheng Y, Chao Z, Chen H, Zhang Y, Yin M, Shen J, Yan S. Visualization of the process of a nanocarrier-mediated gene delivery: stabilization, endocytosis and endosomal escape of genes for intracellular spreading. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:124. [PMID: 35264206 PMCID: PMC8905852 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been widely applied as gene carrier for improving RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency in medical and agricultural fields. However, the mechanism and delivery process of nanoparticle-mediated RNAi is not directly visualized and elucidated. Here we synthesized a star polymer (SPc) consisted of a hydrophilic shell with positively-charged tertiary amine in the side chain, which was taken as an example to investigate the mechanism in gene delivery. The SPc could assemble with dsRNA spontaneously through electrostatic force, hydrogen bond and van der Waals force. Interestingly, the SPc could protect dsRNA from degradation by RNase A and insect hemolymph, thus remarkably increasing the stability of dsRNA. Meanwhile, the SPc could efficiently promote the cellular uptake and endosomal escape for intracellular spreading of dsRNA. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the SPc could up-regulate some key genes such as Chc, AP2S1 and Arf1 for activating clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, the suppression of endocytosis hindered the cellular uptake of SPc-delivered dsRNA in vitro, and the subsequent RNAi effect was also disappeared in vivo. To our knowledge, our study is the first direct visualization of the detailed cellular delivery process and mechanism of nanocarrier-mediated gene delivery. Above mechanism supports the application of nanocarrier-based RNAi in gene therapy and pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzheng Ma
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zheng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Chao
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MOA Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Wu X, Tang T, Wei Y, Cummins KA, Wood DK, Pang H. Extracellular Vesicles Mediate the Intercellular Exchange of Nanoparticles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102441. [PMID: 35243822 PMCID: PMC8895114 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
To exert their therapeutic effects, nanoparticles (NPs) often need to travel into the tissues composed of multilayered cells. Accumulative evidence has revealed the crucial role of transcellular transport route (entry into one cell, exocytosis, and re-entry into another) in this process. While NP endocytosis and subcellular transport are intensively characterized, the exocytosis and re-entry steps are poorly understood, which becomes a barrier for NP delivery into complex tissues. Here, the authors term the exocytosis and re-entry steps together as intercellular exchange. A collagen-based three-dimension assay is developed to specifically quantify the intercellular exchange of NPs, and distinguish the contributions of several potential mechanisms. The authors show that NPs can be exocytosed freely or enclosed inside extracellular vesicles (EVs) for re-entry, while direct cell-cell contact is hardly involved. EVs account for a significant fraction of NP intercellular exchange, and its importance in NP transport is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. While freely released NPs engage with the same receptors for re-entry, EV-enclosed ones bypass this dependence. These studies provide an easy and precise system to investigate the intercellular exchange stage of NP delivery, and shed the first light in the importance of EVs in NP transport between cells and into complex tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Department of PharmaceuticsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA
| | - Tang Tang
- Department of PharmaceuticsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA
| | - Yushuang Wei
- Department of PharmaceuticsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA
| | - Katherine A. Cummins
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA
| | - David K. Wood
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA
| | - Hong‐Bo Pang
- Department of PharmaceuticsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN55455USA
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27
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Lukiev IV, Antipina LS, Goreninskii SI, Tverdokhlebova TS, Vasilchenko DV, Nemoykina AL, Goncharova DA, Svetlichnyi VA, Dambaev GT, Bouznik VM, Bolbasov EN. Antibacterial Ferroelectric Hybrid Membranes Fabricated via Electrospinning for Wound Healing. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:986. [PMID: 34940487 PMCID: PMC8704805 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, wound healing ferroelectric membranes doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles were fabricated from vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polyvinylpyrrolidone using the electrospinning technique. Five different ratios of vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene to polyvinylpyrrolidone were used to control the properties of the membranes at a constant zinc oxide nanoparticle content. It was found that an increase of polyvinylpyrrolidone content leads to a decrease of the spinning solution conductivity and viscosity, causing a decrease of the average fiber diameter and reducing their strength and elongation. By means of X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, it was revealed that increased polyvinylpyrrolidone content leads to difficulty in crystallization of the vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer in the ferroelectric β-phase in membranes. Changing the ratio of vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and polyvinylpyrrolidone with a constant content of zinc oxide nanoparticles is an effective approach to control the antibacterial properties of membranes towards Staphylococcus aureus. After carrying out in vivo experiments, we found that ferroelectric hybrid membranes, containing from five to ten mass percent of PVP, have the greatest wound-healing effect for the healing of purulent wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V. Lukiev
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (I.V.L.); (S.I.G.); (T.S.T.)
- Center for Chemical Engineering, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ludmila S. Antipina
- Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Cardiovascular Surgery, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (L.S.A.); (D.V.V.); (G.T.D.)
| | - Semen I. Goreninskii
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (I.V.L.); (S.I.G.); (T.S.T.)
- N.M. Kizhner Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tamara S. Tverdokhlebova
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (I.V.L.); (S.I.G.); (T.S.T.)
| | - Dmitry V. Vasilchenko
- Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Cardiovascular Surgery, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (L.S.A.); (D.V.V.); (G.T.D.)
| | - Anna L. Nemoykina
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Biotechnology, Chemical Faculty, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Daria A. Goncharova
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, Siberian Physical-Technical Institute, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (D.A.G.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Valery A. Svetlichnyi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, Siberian Physical-Technical Institute, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (D.A.G.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Georgiy T. Dambaev
- Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Cardiovascular Surgery, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (L.S.A.); (D.V.V.); (G.T.D.)
| | - Vyacheslav M. Bouznik
- Arctic Climate Materials Division, All Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials, 105005 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny N. Bolbasov
- B.P. Veinberg Research and Educational Centre, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (I.V.L.); (S.I.G.); (T.S.T.)
- Microwave Photonics Laboratory, V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
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28
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Improved Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs through Gastrointestinal Muco-Adhesion of Lipid Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111817. [PMID: 34834232 PMCID: PMC8620210 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal absorption remains indispensable in the systemic delivery of most drugs, even though it presents several challenges that, paradoxically, may also provide opportunities that can be exploited to achieve maximal bioavailability. Drug delivery systems made from nanoparticle carriers and especially, lipid carriers, have the potential to traverse gastrointestinal barriers and deploy in the lymphatic pathway, which aptly, is free from first pass via the liver. Several poorly soluble drugs have presented improved systemic bioavailability when couriered in lipid nanoparticle carriers. In this review, we propose an additional frontier to enhancing the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs when encapsulated in lipid nano-carriers by imparting muco-adhesion to the particles through application of appropriate polymeric coating to the lipid carrier. The combined effect of gastrointestinal muco-adhesion followed by lymphatic absorption is a promising approach to improving systemic bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs following oral administration. Evidence to the potential of this approach is backed-up by recent studies within the review.
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29
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Uddin N, Warriner LW, Pack DW, DeRouchey JE. Enhanced Gene Delivery and CRISPR/Cas9 Homology-Directed Repair in Serum by Minimally Succinylated Polyethylenimine. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3452-3463. [PMID: 34387498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy aims to treat patients by altering or controlling gene expression. The field of gene therapy has had increasing success in recent years primarily using viral-based approaches; however, there is still significant interest toward the use of polymeric materials due to their potential as flexible, low-cost scaffolds for gene delivery that do not suffer the mutagenesis and immunogenicity concerns of viral vectors. To address the challenges of efficiency and biocompatibility, a series of zwitterion-like polyethylenimine derivatives (zPEIs) were produced via the succinylation of 2-11.5% of polyethylenimine (PEI) amines. With increasing modification, zPEI polyplexes exhibited decreased serum-protein aggregation and dissociated more easily in the presence of a competitor polyanion when compared to unmodified PEI. Surprisingly, the gene delivery mediated in the presence of serum showed that succinylation of as few as 2% of PEI amines resulted in transgene expression 260- to 480-fold higher than that of unmodified PEI and 50- to 65-fold higher than that of commercial PEI-PEG2k in HEK293 and HeLa cells, respectively. Remarkably, the same zPEIs also produced 16-fold greater efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 gene knock-in compared to unmodified PEI in the presence of serum. In addition, we show that 2% succinylation does not significantly decrease polymer/DNA binding ability or serum protein interaction to a significant extent, yet this small modification is still sufficient to provide a remarkable increase in transgene expression and gene knock-in in the presence of serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Logan W Warriner
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Daniel W Pack
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Jason E DeRouchey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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30
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Larsen JB, Taebnia N, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Eriksen AZ, Hjørringgaard C, Kristensen K, Larsen NW, Larsen NB, Marie R, Mündler AK, Parhamifar L, Urquhart AJ, Weller A, Mortensen KI, Flyvbjerg H, Andresen TL. Imaging therapeutic peptide transport across intestinal barriers. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:1115-1143. [PMID: 34458827 PMCID: PMC8341777 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery is a highly preferred method for drug administration due to high patient compliance. However, oral administration is intrinsically challenging for pharmacologically interesting drug classes, in particular pharmaceutical peptides, due to the biological barriers associated with the gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we start by summarizing the pharmacological performance of several clinically relevant orally administrated therapeutic peptides, highlighting their low bioavailabilities. Thus, there is a strong need to increase the transport of peptide drugs across the intestinal barrier to realize future treatment needs and further development in the field. Currently, progress is hampered by a lack of understanding of transport mechanisms that govern intestinal absorption and transport of peptide drugs, including the effects of the permeability enhancers commonly used to mediate uptake. We describe how, for the past decades, mechanistic insights have predominantly been gained using functional assays with end-point read-out capabilities, which only allow indirect study of peptide transport mechanisms. We then focus on fluorescence imaging that, on the other hand, provides opportunities to directly visualize and thus follow peptide transport at high spatiotemporal resolution. Consequently, it may provide new and detailed mechanistic understanding of the interplay between the physicochemical properties of peptides and cellular processes; an interplay that determines the efficiency of transport. We review current methodology and state of the art in the field of fluorescence imaging to study intestinal barrier transport of peptides, and provide a comprehensive overview of the imaging-compatible in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo platforms that currently are being developed to accelerate this emerging field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Bruun Larsen
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Nayere Taebnia
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anne Zebitz Eriksen
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Claudia Hjørringgaard
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Kasper Kristensen
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Nanna Wichmann Larsen
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Niels Bent Larsen
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Rodolphe Marie
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Ann-Kathrin Mündler
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Ladan Parhamifar
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Andrew James Urquhart
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Arjen Weller
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Kim I Mortensen
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Henrik Flyvbjerg
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Thomas Lars Andresen
- Center for Intestinal Absorption and Transport of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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Borocci S, Bozzuto G, Bombelli C, Ceccacci F, Formisano G, Stringaro A, Molinari A, Mancini G. How stereochemistry of lipid components can affect lipid organization and the route of liposome internalization into cells. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:11976-11993. [PMID: 34212969 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02175c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Though liposome-based drugs are in clinical use, the mechanism of cell internalization of liposomes is yet an object of controversy. The present experimental investigation, carried out on human glioblastoma cells, indicated different internalization routes for two diastereomeric liposomes. Molecular dynamics simulations of the lipid bilayers of the two formulations indicated that the different stereochemistry of a lipid component controls some parameters such as area per lipid molecule and fluidity of lipid membranes, surface potential and water organization at the lipid/water interface, all of which affect the interaction with biomolecules and cell components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Borocci
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, L.go dell'Università, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
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Improved Storage Properties and Cellular Uptake of Casticin-Loaded Nanoemulsions Stabilized by Whey Protein-Lactose Conjugate. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071640. [PMID: 34359510 PMCID: PMC8303442 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Casticin has wide-ranging functional activities, but its water solubility is poor in food products. Here, a nanoemulsion stabilized by Maillard whey protein isolate conjugates (MWPI) was fabricated to encapsulate casticin. The nanoemulsion, with an average diameter of 200 nm, possessed the capability to load 700 μg/g casticin. MWPI-stabilized nanoemulsion showed better stability than that of the WPI nanoemulsion during 4 weeks of storage. Both the inhibition effects of the casticin-loaded nanoemulsion on cancer cells and the process of cellular uptake were studied. Results revealed that the casticin-loaded nanoemulsion had better inhibitory activity in HepG2 and MCF-7 cells than free casticin. Cellular uptake of the nanoemulsion displayed a time-dependent manner. After the nanoemulsion passed into HepG2 and MCF-7 cells, it would locate in the lysosome but not in the nucleus. The main pathway for the nanoemulsion to enter HepG2 cells was pinocytosis, whereas, it entered MCF-7 predominantly through the clathrin-mediated pit. This work implies that MWPI-stabilized nanoemulsions could be utilized as an effective delivery system to load casticin and have the potential to be applied in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Delehedde C, Even L, Midoux P, Pichon C, Perche F. Intracellular Routing and Recognition of Lipid-Based mRNA Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070945. [PMID: 34202584 PMCID: PMC8308975 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is being extensively used in gene therapy and vaccination due to its safety over DNA, in the following ways: its lack of integration risk, cytoplasmic expression, and transient expression compatible with fine regulations. However, clinical applications of mRNA are limited by its fast degradation by nucleases, and the activation of detrimental immune responses. Advances in mRNA applications, with the recent approval of COVID-19 vaccines, were fueled by optimization of the mRNA sequence and the development of mRNA delivery systems. Although delivery systems and mRNA sequence optimization have been abundantly reviewed, understanding of the intracellular processing of mRNA is mandatory to improve its applications. We will focus on lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as they are the most advanced nanocarriers for the delivery of mRNA. Here, we will review how mRNA therapeutic potency can be affected by its interactions with cellular proteins and intracellular distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Delehedde
- Innovative Therapies & Nanomedicine, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire CNRS UPR4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France; (C.D.); (P.M.)
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin, France;
| | - Luc Even
- Sanofi R&D, Integrated Drug Discovery, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin, France;
| | - Patrick Midoux
- Innovative Therapies & Nanomedicine, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire CNRS UPR4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France; (C.D.); (P.M.)
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Innovative Therapies & Nanomedicine, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire CNRS UPR4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France; (C.D.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (F.P.); Tel.: +33-2-3825-5595 (C.P.); Tel.: +33-2-3825-5544 (F.P.)
| | - Federico Perche
- Innovative Therapies & Nanomedicine, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire CNRS UPR4301, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France; (C.D.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (F.P.); Tel.: +33-2-3825-5595 (C.P.); Tel.: +33-2-3825-5544 (F.P.)
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Han S, Zal T, Sokolov KV. Fate of Antibody-Targeted Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Cells after Receptor-Mediated Uptake. ACS NANO 2021; 15:9495-9508. [PMID: 34011152 PMCID: PMC8223898 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles with ultrasmall sizes (less than 10 nm) offer many advantages in biomedical applications compared to their bigger counterparts, including better intratumoral distribution, improved pharmacokinetics (PK), and efficient body clearance. When functionalized with a biocompatible coating and a target-specific antibody, ultrasmall nanoparticles represent an attractive clinical translation platform. Although there is a tremendous body of work dedicated to PK and the biological effects of various nanoparticles, little is known about the fate of different components of functionalized nanoparticles in a biological environment such as in live cells. Here, we used luminescence properties of 5 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to study the intracellular trafficking and fate of the AuNPs functionalized with an organic layer consisting of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting antibody. We showed that intracellular uptake of the targeted 5 nm AuNPs results in a strong two-photon luminescence (TPL) that is characterized by broad emission and very short lifetimes compared to the fluorescence of the nanoparticle-conjugated fluorophore-tagged antibody, thereby allowing selective imaging of these components using TPL and two-photon excited fluorescence lifetime microscopy (2P-FLIM). Our results indicate that the nanoparticle's coating is detached from the particle's surface inside cells, leading to formation of nanoparticle clusters with a strong TPL. Furthermore, we observed an optically resolved spatial separation of the gold core and the antibody coating of the particles inside cells. We used data from two-photon microscopy, 2P-FLIM, electron microscopy, and in vitro assays to propose a model of interactions of functionalized 5 nm AuNPs with live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangheon Han
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice
University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United
States
- Department of Imaging Physics, The
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard,
Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Tomasz Zal
- Department of Leukemia, The University of
Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas
77030, United States
| | - Konstantin V. Sokolov
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice
University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United
States
- Department of Imaging Physics, The
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard,
Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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Wang X, Li H, Meng F, Luo L. Bioadhesive metal-phenolic nanoparticles for enhanced NIR imaging-guided locoregional photothermal/antiangiogenic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4710-4717. [PMID: 34076029 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00599e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Locoregional drug delivery has emerged as a promising solution to the problems associated with intravenously administered antitumor agents, such as systemic toxicity and insufficient drug accumulation at tumor sites. Herein, we have developed an adhesive nanoparticle (NP)-based drug delivery system, using natural bioadhesive tannic acid (TA) and metal ions (Fe3+), for locoregional photothermal and antiangiogenic synergistic cancer therapy. In this study, a new near-infrared (NIR) photothermal agent indocyanine green (IR820) and an antiangiogenic agent sorafenib (SRF) were co-encapsulated in a TA-Fe complex (SIF@TA-Fe). The SIF@TA-Fe NPs exhibited super adhesion, antiangiogenesis, and efficient cellular uptake. Moreover, SIF@TA-Fe NPs showed a synergistic antitumor effect in vivo, including high tumor inhibition rate, excellent survival extension, and low risk of recurrence, resulting from the prolonged retention of the NPs in the tumor. Thus, this adhesive SIF@TA-Fe NP-based therapeutic system provides a promising approach for locoregional drug delivery of combined cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Hongyu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Fanling Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Liang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Tian Z, Mai Y, Meng T, Ma S, Gou G, Yang J. Nanocrystals for Improving Oral Bioavailability of Drugs: Intestinal Transport Mechanisms and Influencing Factors. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:179. [PMID: 34128132 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the limitation of solubility and dissolution rate of insoluble drugs, following oral administration, they would rifely prove poor and volatile bioavailability, which may fail to realize its therapeutic value. The drug nanocrystals are perceived as effective tactic for oral administration of insoluble drugs attributes to possess many prominent properties such as elevating dissolution rate and saturation solubility, high drug loading capacity, and improving oral bioavailability. Based on these advantages, the application of nanocrystals in oral drug delivery has acquired significant achievement, and so far more than 20 products of drug nanocrystals have been confirmed in the market. However, the oral absorption of drug nanocrystals is still facing huge challenges due to the limitation of many factors. Intrinsic properties of the drugs and complex physiological environment of the intestinal tract are the two most important factors affecting the oral bioavailability of drugs. In addition, the research on the multi-aspect mechanisms of nanocrystals promoting gastrointestinal absorption and bioavailability has been gradually deepened. In this review, we summarized recent advances of the nanocrystals delivered orally, and provided an overview to the research progress for crossing the intestinal tract transport mechanisms of the nanocrystals by some new research techniques. Meanwhile, the factors relevant to the transport of drug nanocrystals were also elaborated in detail. Graphical Abstract.
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Kaladharan K, Kumar A, Gupta P, Illath K, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Microfluidic Based Physical Approaches towards Single-Cell Intracellular Delivery and Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:631. [PMID: 34071732 PMCID: PMC8228766 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to deliver foreign molecules into a single living cell with high transfection efficiency and high cell viability is of great interest in cell biology for applications in therapeutic development, diagnostics, and drug delivery towards personalized medicine. Various physical delivery methods have long demonstrated the ability to deliver cargo molecules directly to the cytoplasm or nucleus and the mechanisms underlying most of the approaches have been extensively investigated. However, most of these techniques are bulk approaches that are cell-specific and have low throughput delivery. In comparison to bulk measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. To elucidate distinct responses during cell genetic modification, methods to achieve transfection at the single-cell level are of great interest. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. This review article aims to cover various microfluidic-based physical methods for single-cell intracellular delivery such as electroporation, mechanoporation, microinjection, sonoporation, optoporation, magnetoporation, and thermoporation and their analysis. The mechanisms of various physical methods, their applications, limitations, and prospects are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kaladharan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
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38
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Omabe K, Paris C, Lannes F, Taïeb D, Rocchi P. Nanovectorization of Prostate Cancer Treatment Strategies: A New Approach to Improved Outcomes. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:591. [PMID: 33919150 PMCID: PMC8143094 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequent male cancer in the Western world. Progression to Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) is a known consequence of androgen withdrawal therapy, making CRPC an end-stage disease. Combination of cytotoxic drugs and hormonal therapy/or genotherapy is a recognized modality for the treatment of advanced PC. However, this strategy is limited by poor bio-accessibility of the chemotherapy to tumor sites, resulting in an increased rate of collateral toxicity and incidence of multidrug resistance (MDR). Nanovectorization of these strategies has evolved to an effective approach to efficacious therapeutic outcomes. It offers the possibility to consolidate their antitumor activity through enhanced specific and less toxic active or passive targeting mechanisms, as well as enabling diagnostic imaging through theranostics. While studies on nanomedicine are common in other cancer types, only a few have focused on prostate cancer. This review provides an in-depth knowledge of the principles of nanotherapeutics and nanotheranostics, and how the application of this rapidly evolving technology can clinically impact CRPC treatment. With particular reference to respective nanovectors, we draw clinical and preclinical evidence, demonstrating the potentials and prospects of homing nanovectorization into CRPC treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Omabe
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University U105, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France; (K.O.); (C.P.); (F.L.); (D.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, PMB 1010, Abakaliki 84001, Nigeria
| | - Clément Paris
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University U105, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France; (K.O.); (C.P.); (F.L.); (D.T.)
| | - François Lannes
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University U105, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France; (K.O.); (C.P.); (F.L.); (D.T.)
| | - David Taïeb
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University U105, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France; (K.O.); (C.P.); (F.L.); (D.T.)
- Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, European Center for Research in Medical Imaging, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Palma Rocchi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Inserm UMR1068, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University U105, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13273 Marseille, France; (K.O.); (C.P.); (F.L.); (D.T.)
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Tao Y, Zheng D, Zhao J, Liu K, Liu J, Lei J, Wang L. Self-Assembling pH-Responsive Nanoparticle Platform Based on Pectin-Doxorubicin Conjugates for Codelivery of Anticancer Drugs. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:9998-10004. [PMID: 34056155 PMCID: PMC8153661 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical science based on biological nanotechnology is developing rapidly in parallel with the development of nanomaterials and nanotechnology in general. Pectin is a natural polysaccharide obtainable from a wide range of sources. Here, we show that doxorubicin (DOX)-conjugated hydrophilic pectin (PET) comprising an amphiphilic polymer loaded with hydrophobic dihydroartemisinin (DHA) self-assemble into nanoparticles. Importantly, conjugated DOX and DHA could be released quickly in a weakly acidic environment by cleavage of the acid-sensitive acyl hydrazone bond. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry confirmed that these PET-DOX/DHA nanoparticles efficiently delivered DOX into the nuclei of MCF-7 cells. Significant tumor growth reduction was monitored in a female C57BL/6 mouse model, showing that the PET-DOX/DHA nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery system inhibited tumor growth and may improve therapy. Thus, we have demonstrated that pectin may be useful in the design of materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Tao
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Material Science
and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- Westlake
University, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Material Science
and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jingyang Zhao
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Material Science
and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Kefeng Liu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Material Science
and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of
Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Material Science
and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jiandu Lei
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Material Science
and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Luying Wang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Material Science
and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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Wang J, Ni Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, He H, Gao D, Ma X, Liang XJ. Nanoscale drug delivery systems for controllable drug behaviors by multi-stage barrier penetration. J Control Release 2021; 331:282-295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Berger S, Krhač Levačić A, Hörterer E, Wilk U, Benli-Hoppe T, Wang Y, Öztürk Ö, Luo J, Wagner E. Optimizing pDNA Lipo-polyplexes: A Balancing Act between Stability and Cargo Release. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1282-1296. [PMID: 33616407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
When optimizing nanocarriers, structural motifs that are beneficial for the respective type of cargo need to be identified. Here, succinoyl tetraethylene pentamine (Stp)-based lipo-oligoaminoamides (OAAs) were optimized for the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA). Structural variations comprised saturated fatty acids with chain lengths between C2 and C18 and terminal cysteines as units promoting nanoparticle stabilization, histidines for endosomal buffering, and disulfide building blocks for redox-sensitive release. Biophysical and tumor cell culture screening established clear-cut relationships between lipo-OAAs and characteristics of the formed pDNA complexes. Based on the optimized alternating Stp-histidine backbones, lipo-OAAs containing fatty acids with chain lengths around C6 to C10 displayed maximum gene transfer with around 500-fold higher gene expression than that of C18 lipo-OAA analogues. Promising lipo-OAAs, however, showed only moderate in vivo efficiency. In vitro testing in 90% full serum, revealing considerable inhibition of lytic and gene-transfer activity, was found as a new screening model predictive for intravenous applications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ana Krhač Levačić
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Elisa Hörterer
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wilk
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Teoman Benli-Hoppe
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Özgür Öztürk
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Jie Luo
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
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Polyglutamic acid-based crosslinked doxorubicin nanogels as an anti-metastatic treatment for triple negative breast cancer. J Control Release 2021; 332:10-20. [PMID: 33587988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)-associated metastasis represents an unmet clinical need, and we lack effective therapeutics for a disease that exhibits high relapse rates and associates with poor patient outcomes. Advanced nanosized drug delivery systems may enhance the efficacy of first-line chemotherapeutics by altering drug pharmacokinetics and enhancing tumor/metastasis targeting to significantly improve efficacy and safety. Herein, we propose the application of injectable poly-amino acid-based nanogels (NGs) as a versatile hydrophilic drug delivery platform for the treatment of TNBC lung metastasis. We prepared biocompatible and biodegradable cross-linked NGs from polyglutamic acid (PGA) loaded with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX). Our optimized synthetic procedures generated NGs of ~100 nm in size and 25 wt% drug loading content that became rapidly internalized in TNBC cell lines and displayed IC50 values comparable to the free form of DOX. Importantly, PGA-DOX NGs significantly inhibited lung metastases and almost completely suppressed lymph node metastases in a spontaneously metastatic orthotopic mouse TNBC model. Overall, our newly developed PGA-DOX NGs represent a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of TNBC metastases.
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van den Berg AIS, Yun CO, Schiffelers RM, Hennink WE. Polymeric delivery systems for nucleic acid therapeutics: Approaching the clinic. J Control Release 2021; 331:121-141. [PMID: 33453339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy using nucleic acids has many clinical applications for the treatment of diseases with a genetic origin as well as for the development of innovative vaccine formulations. Since nucleic acids in their free form are rapidly degraded by nucleases present in extracellular matrices, have poor pharmacokinetics and hardly pass cellular membranes, carrier systems are required. Suitable carriers that protect the nucleic acid payload against enzymatic attack, prolong circulation time after systemic administration and assist in cellular binding and internalization are needed to develop nucleic acid based drug products. Viral vectors have been investigated and are also clinically used as delivery vehicles. However, some major drawbacks are associated with their use. Therefore there has been substantial attention on the use of non-viral carrier systems based on cationic lipids and polymers. This review focuses on the properties of polymer-based nucleic acid formulations, also referred as polyplexes. Different polymeric systems are summarized, and the cellular barriers polyplexes encounter and ways to tackle these are discussed. Finally attention is given to the clinical status of non-viral nucleic acid formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette I S van den Berg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Ullah A, Chen G, Hussain A, Khan H, Abbas A, Zhou Z, Shafiq M, Ahmad S, Ali U, Usman M, Raza F, Ahmed A, Qiu Z, Zheng M, Liu D. Cyclam-Modified Polyethyleneimine for Simultaneous TGFβ siRNA Delivery and CXCR4 Inhibition for the Treatment of CCl 4-Induced Liver Fibrosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4451-4470. [PMID: 34234436 PMCID: PMC8257077 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s314367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a chronic liver disease with excessive production of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. PURPOSE This study aimed at the development of a novel derivative of polyethyleneimine (PEI) that can effectively deliver transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) siRNA and inhibit chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) for TGFβ silencing and CXCR4 Inhibition, respectively, to treat CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in a mouse model. METHODS Cyclam-modified PEI (PEI-Cyclam) was synthesized by incorporating cyclam moiety into PEI by nucleophilic substitution reaction. Gel electrophoresis confirmed the PEI-Cyclam polyplex formation and stability against RNAase and serum degradation. Transmission electron microscopy and zeta sizer were employed for the morphology, particle size, and zeta potential, respectively. The gene silencing and CXCR4 targeting abilities of PEI-Cyclam polyplex were evaluated by luciferase and CXCR4 redistribution assays, respectively. The histological and immunohistochemical staining determined the anti-fibrotic activity of PEI-Cyclam polyplex. The TGFβ silencing of PEI-Cyclam polyplex was authenticated by Western blotting. RESULTS The 1H NMR of PEI-Cyclam exhibited successful incorporation of cyclam content onto PEI. The PEI-Cyclam polyplex displayed spherical morphology, positive surface charge, and stability against RNAse and serum degradation. Cyclam modification decreased the cytotoxicity and demonstrated CXCR4 antagonistic and luciferase gene silencing efficiency. PEI-Cyclam/siTGFβ polyplexes decreased inflammation, collagen deposition, apoptosis, and cell proliferation, thus ameliorating liver fibrosis. Also, PEI-Cyclam/siTGFβ polyplex significantly downregulated α-smooth muscle actin, TGFβ, and collagen type III. CONCLUSION Our findings validate the feasibility of using PEI-Cyclam as a siRNA delivery vector for simultaneous TGFβ siRNA delivery and CXCR4 inhibition for the combined anti-fibrotic effects in a setting of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Aftab Ullah; Daojun Liu Email ;
| | - Gang Chen
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanif Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Azar Abbas
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanwei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, people's Republic of China
| | - Saleem Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Shantou University Medical College Cancer Hospital, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Usman Ali
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, people's Republic of China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Abrar Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zijie Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maochao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daojun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Aliyandi A, Zuhorn IS, Salvati A. Disentangling Biomolecular Corona Interactions With Cell Receptors and Implications for Targeting of Nanomedicines. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:599454. [PMID: 33363128 PMCID: PMC7758247 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.599454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are promising tools for nanomedicine in a wide array of therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Yet, despite the advances in the biomedical applications of nanomaterials, relatively few nanomedicines made it to the clinics. The formation of the biomolecular corona on the surface of nanoparticles has been known as one of the challenges toward successful targeting of nanomedicines. This adsorbed protein layer can mask targeting moieties and creates a new biological identity that critically affects the subsequent biological interactions of nanomedicines with cells. Extensive studies have been directed toward understanding the characteristics of this layer of biomolecules and its implications for nanomedicine outcomes at cell and organism levels, yet several aspects are still poorly understood. One aspect that still requires further insights is how the biomolecular corona interacts with and is “read” by the cellular machinery. Within this context, this review is focused on the current understanding of the interactions of the biomolecular corona with cell receptors. First, we address the importance and the role of receptors in the uptake of nanoparticles. Second, we discuss the recent advances and techniques in characterizing and identifying biomolecular corona-receptor interactions. Additionally, we present how we can exploit the knowledge of corona-cell receptor interactions to discover novel receptors for targeting of nanocarriers. Finally, we conclude this review with an outlook on possible future perspectives in the field. A better understanding of the first interactions of nanomaterials with cells, and -in particular -the receptors interacting with the biomolecular corona and involved in nanoparticle uptake, will help for the successful design of nanomedicines for targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldy Aliyandi
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Anna Salvati
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Tverdokhlebova TS, Antipina LS, Kudryavtseva VL, Stankevich KS, Kolesnik IM, Senokosova EA, Velikanova EA, Antonova LV, Vasilchenko DV, Dambaev GT, Plotnikov EV, Bouznik VM, Bolbasov EN. Composite Ferroelectric Membranes Based on Vinylidene Fluoride-Tetrafluoroethylene Copolymer and Polyvinylpyrrolidone for Wound Healing. MEMBRANES 2020; 11:21. [PMID: 33379409 PMCID: PMC7824021 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process and an ongoing challenge for modern medicine. Herein, we present the results of study of structure and properties of ferroelectric composite polymer membranes for wound healing. Membranes were fabricated by electrospinning from a solution of vinylidene fluoride/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (VDF-TeFE) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in dimethylformamide (DMF). The effects of the PVP content on the viscosity and conductivity of the spinning solution, DMF concentration, chemical composition, crystal structure, and conformation of VDF-TeFE macromolecules in the fabricated materials were studied. It was found that as PVP amount increased, the viscosity and conductivity of the spinning solutions decreased, resulting in thinner fibers. Using FTIR and XRD methods, it was shown that if the PVP content was lower than 50 wt %, the VDF-TeFE copolymer adopted a flat zigzag conformation (TTT conformation) and crystalline phases with ferroelectric properties were formed. Gas chromatography results indicated that an increase in the PVP concentration led to a higher residual amount of DMF in the material, causing cytotoxic effects on 3T3L1 fibroblasts. In vivo studies demonstrated that compared to classical gauze dressings impregnated with a solution of an antibacterial agent, ferroelectric composite membranes with 15 wt % PVP provided better conditions for the healing of purulent wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara S. Tverdokhlebova
- Laboratory of Hybrid Plasma Systems, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (T.S.T.); (V.L.K.); (K.S.S.); (I.M.K.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Ludmila S. Antipina
- Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Cardiovascular Surgery, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.S.A.); (D.V.V.); (G.T.D.)
| | - Valeriya L. Kudryavtseva
- Laboratory of Hybrid Plasma Systems, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (T.S.T.); (V.L.K.); (K.S.S.); (I.M.K.); (E.V.P.)
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Ksenia S. Stankevich
- Laboratory of Hybrid Plasma Systems, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (T.S.T.); (V.L.K.); (K.S.S.); (I.M.K.); (E.V.P.)
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Ilya M. Kolesnik
- Laboratory of Hybrid Plasma Systems, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (T.S.T.); (V.L.K.); (K.S.S.); (I.M.K.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Evgenia A. Senokosova
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo 650002, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.A.V.); (L.V.A.)
| | - Elena A. Velikanova
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo 650002, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.A.V.); (L.V.A.)
| | - Larisa V. Antonova
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo 650002, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.A.V.); (L.V.A.)
| | - Dmitry V. Vasilchenko
- Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Cardiovascular Surgery, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.S.A.); (D.V.V.); (G.T.D.)
| | - Georgiy T. Dambaev
- Department of Hospital Surgery with the Course of Cardiovascular Surgery, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (L.S.A.); (D.V.V.); (G.T.D.)
| | - Evgenii V. Plotnikov
- Laboratory of Hybrid Plasma Systems, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (T.S.T.); (V.L.K.); (K.S.S.); (I.M.K.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Vyacheslav M. Bouznik
- Arctic Climate Materials Division, All Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials, Moscow 105005, Russia;
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Evgeny N. Bolbasov
- Laboratory of Hybrid Plasma Systems, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (T.S.T.); (V.L.K.); (K.S.S.); (I.M.K.); (E.V.P.)
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Zinc oxide nanoparticles: A comprehensive review on its synthesis, anticancer and drug delivery applications as well as health risks. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 286:102317. [PMID: 33212389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) emerged as an excellent candidate in the field of optical, electrical, food packaging and particularly in biomedical research. ZnONPs show cancer cell specific toxicity via the pH-dependent (low pH) dissolution into Zn2+ ions, which generate reactive oxygen species and induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Further, ZnONPs have also been used as an effective carrier for the targeted delivery of several anticancer drugs into tumor cells. The increasing focus on ZnONPs resulted in the development of various synthesis approaches including chemical, pHysical, and green or biological for the manufacturing of ZnONPs. In this article, at first we have discussed the various synthesis methods of ZnONPs and secondly its biomedical applications. We have extensively reviewed the anticancer mechanism of ZnONPs on different types of cancers considering its size, shape and surface charge dependent cytotoxicity. Photoirradiation with UV light or NIR laser further increase its anticancer activity via synergistic chemo-photodynamic effect. The drug delivery applications of ZnONPs with special emphasis on drug loading mechanism, stimuli-responsive controlled release and therapeutic effects have also been discussed in this review. Finally, its side effects to vital body organs with mechanism via different exposure routes, the future direction of the ZnONPs research and application are also discussed.
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Vanza JD, Patel RB, Patel MR. Nanocarrier centered therapeutic approaches: Recent developments with insight towards the future in the management of lung cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Jérôme V, Synatschke CV, Freitag R. Transient Destabilization of Biological Membranes Contributes to the Superior Performance of Star-Shaped PDMAEMA in Delivering pDNA. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:26640-26654. [PMID: 33110991 PMCID: PMC7581230 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonviral DNA vectors are promising alternatives to viral ones. Their use in DNA medicine is limited by an inability to transfect, for example, nondividing or suspension cells. In recent years, star-shaped synthetic polycationic vectors, so called "Nanostars", have shown some promise in this regard, at least when compared to the "gold standard" in nonviral vectors, namely, linear poly(ethyleneimine) (l-PEI). It has been hypothesized that an ability to transiently destabilize cellular membranes is partially responsible for the phenomenon. This hypothesis is investigated here, taking human leukemia suspension cells (Jurkat cells) as an example. Contrary to l-PEI, the Nanostars promote the cellular uptake of small, normally membrane-impermeant molecules (trypan blue and propidium iodide) as well as that of fluorescent polystyrene beads (average diameter 100 nm). Since Nanostars, but not l-PEI, are apparently able to deliver DNA to nuclei of nondividing cells, nuclear uptake is, in addition, investigated with isolated cell nuclei. Our results provide evidence that Nanostars are more efficient than l-PEI in increasing the nuclear membrane association/permeability, allowing accumulation of their cargo on/in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Jérôme
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Ruth Freitag
- Process Biotechnology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Shi J, Zhao D, Li X, Ding F, Tang X, Liu N, Huang H, Liu C. The conjugation of rhodamine B enables carrier-free mitochondrial delivery of functional proteins. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6829-6839. [PMID: 32761021 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01305f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of protein-based therapeutics faces many challenges, for example, carrier-dependence, safety concerns, endocytosis-dependence, and uncertain in vivo therapeutic outcomes. Small molecules are rarely used for intracellular organelle-targeting and disease tissue-specific carrier-independent delivery of therapeutic proteins. Here, we report that rhodamine B, after modification with proteins, is able to guide carrier-free delivery into mitochondria and tissue-dependent distributions of functional proteins through organic cation transporters (OCTs). The enrichment of the modified catalase in the cancer tissue efficiently suppresses xenograft human lung tumor in mice. This carrier-free delivery platform of proteins may emerge as a simple yet powerful approach for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 China.
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