1
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Heble AY, Chen CL. Access to Advanced Functional Materials through Postmodification of Biomimetic Assemblies via Click Chemistry. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1391-1407. [PMID: 38422548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and fabrication of functional nanomaterials with specific properties remain a long-standing goal for many scientific fields. The self-assembly of sequence-defined biomimetic synthetic polymers presents a fundamental strategy to explore the chemical space beyond biological systems to create advanced nanomaterials. Moreover, subsequent chemical modification of existing nanostructures is a unique approach for accessing increasingly complex nanostructures and introducing functionalities. Of these modifications, covalent conjugation chemistries, such as the click reactions, have been the cornerstone for chemists and materials scientists. Herein, we highlight some recent advances that have successfully employed click chemistries for the postmodification of assembled one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures to achieve applications in molecular recognition, mineralization, and optoelectronics. Specifically, biomimetic nanomaterials assembled from sequence-defined macromolecules such as peptides and peptoids are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Y Heble
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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2
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Pan W, Zhang L, Li L, Cen J, Song R, Song C, Zhang G, Hu J, Liu S. Engineering Semicarbazide-Bearing Polypeptide Conjugates for Efficient Tumor Chemotherapy and Imaging of Tumor Metastasis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309315. [PMID: 37944553 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptide materials offer scalability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, rendering them an ideal platform for biomedical applications. However, the preparation of polypeptides with specific functional groups, such as semicarbazide moieties, remains challenging. This work reports, for the first time, the straightforward synthesis of well-defined methoxy-terminated poly(ethylene glycol)-b-polypeptide hybrid block copolymers (HBCPs) containing semicarbazide moieties. This synthesis involves implementing the direct polymerization of environment-stable N-phenoxycarbonyl-functionalized α-amino acid (NPCA) precursors, thereby avoiding the handling of labile N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomers. The resulting HBCPs containing semicarbazide moieties enable facile functionalization with aldehyde/ketone derivatives, forming pH-cleavable semicarbazone linkages for tailored drug release. Particularly, the intracellular pH-triggered hydrolysis of semicarbazone moieties restores the initial semicarbazide residues, facilitating endo-lysosomal escape and thus improving therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, the integration of the hypoxic probe (Ir(btpna)(bpy)2 ) into the pH-responsive nanomedicines allows sequential responses to acidic and hypoxic tumor microenvironments, enabling precise detection of metastatic tumors. The innovative approach for designing bespoke functional polypeptides holds promise for advanced drug delivery and precision therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Pharmaceutical Preparations and Clinical Pharmacy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Pharmaceutical Preparations and Clinical Pharmacy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
| | - Jie Cen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
| | - Rundi Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
| | - Chengzhou Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
| | - Jinming Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Pharmaceutical Preparations and Clinical Pharmacy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Pharmaceutical Preparations and Clinical Pharmacy, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
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3
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Detwiler R, McPartlon TJ, Coffey CS, Kramer JR. Clickable Polyprolines from Azido-proline N-Carboxyanhydride. ACS POLYMERS AU 2023; 3:383-393. [PMID: 37841952 PMCID: PMC10571246 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyproline is a material of great interest in biomedicine due to its helical scaffold of structural importance in collagen and mucins and its ability to gel and to change conformations in response to temperature. Appending of function-modulating chemical groups to such a material is desirable to diversify potential applications. Here, we describe the synthesis of high-molecular-weight homo, block, and statistical polymers of azide-functionalized proline. The azide groups served as moieties for highly efficient click-grafting, as stabilizers of the polyproline PPII helix, and as modulators of thermoresponsiveness. Saccharides and ethylene glycol were utilized to explore small-molecule grafting, and glutamate polymers were utilized to form polyelectrolyte bottlebrush architectures. Secondary structure effects of both the azide and click modifications, as well as lower critical solution temperature behavior, were characterized. The polyazidoprolines and click products were well tolerated by live human cells and are expected to find use in diverse biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel
E. Detwiler
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Utah, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Thomas J. McPartlon
- Department
of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of
Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Clara S. Coffey
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Utah, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Jessica R. Kramer
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Utah, Salt Lake
City, Utah 84112, United States
- Department
of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of
Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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4
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Wang S, Lu H. Ring-Opening Polymerization of Amino Acid N-Carboxyanhydrides with Unprotected/Reactive Side Groups. I. d-Penicillamine N-Carboxyanhydride. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:555-562. [PMID: 37041004 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The ring-opening (co)polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomers bearing unprotected/reactive side groups is rare and challenging. Here, we report the ROP of a d-penicillamine NCA (Pen-NCA) monomer for the synthesis of tertiary thiol-functionalized (co)polypeptides. Through judicious selection of reaction solvents and the use of benzoic acid as an additive in the ROP, the intramolecular isomerization side reactions of Pen-NCA are suppressed, generating homo- and copolypeptides with improved yield, high molecular weight, and narrow molecular weight distributions. Successful postpolymerization modifications of the d-Pen-containing copolypeptides on the tertiary thiols are achieved with high efficiency through thiol-Michael, SN2, and nitrosylation reactions. This work provides an efficient protection-free approach to generating functional polypeptides and creates a fundamental understanding for Pen-NCA chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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5
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Li Y, Chang R, Chen YX. Recent advances in post-polymerization modifications on polypeptides: synthesis and applications. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200318. [PMID: 35576055 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polypeptides, a kind of very promising biomaterial, have shown a wide range of applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, easy accessibility, and structural variability. To synthesize polypeptides with desired functions, post-polymerization modification (PPM) plays an important role in introducing novel chemical structure on their side-chains. The key of PPM strategy is to develop highly selective and efficient reactions that can couple the additional functional moieties with pre-installed side-chain functionalities on polypeptides. In this minireview, classic PPM reactions and especially their recent progresses are summarized, including different modification approaches for unsaturated alkyl group, oxygen-containing functional group, nitrogen-containing functional group, sulfur-containing functional group and other special functional group on side chains. In addition, this review also highlights the applications of structure-diversified polypeptides generated via PPM strategy in the field of biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry, Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Rong Chang
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry, Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, 100084, China, 100084, Beiing, CHINA
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6
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Clauss ZS, Kramer JR. Design, synthesis and biological applications of glycopolypeptides. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 169:152-167. [PMID: 33352223 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play essential structural and biochemical roles in all living organisms. Glycopolymers are attractive as well-defined biomimetic analogs to study carbohydrate-dependent processes, and are widely applicable biocompatible materials in their own right. Glycopolypeptides have shown great promise in this area since they are closer structural mimics of natural glycoproteins than other synthetic glycopolymers and can serve as carriers for biologically active carbohydrates. This review highlights advances in the area of design and synthesis of such materials, and their biomedical applications in therapeutic delivery, tissue engineering, and beyond.
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7
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Anas M, Dinda P, Kar M, Mandal TK. Anion-induced thermoresponsiveness in cationic polycysteine and DNA binding. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01187a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the synthesis of an l-cysteine-based water-soluble cationic polypeptide, an investigation of its thermoresponsive behaviour in the presence of added anions and its polyplexation with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahammad Anas
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Priyanka Dinda
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mahuya Kar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tarun K. Mandal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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8
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Functional Glycopolypeptides: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/6052078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Employing natural-based renewable sugar and saccharide resources to construct functional biopolymer mimics is a promising research frontier for green chemistry and sustainable biotechnology. As the mimics/analogues of natural glycoproteins, synthetic glycopolypeptides attracted great attention in the field of biomaterials and nanobiotechnology. This review describes the synthetic strategies and methods of glycopolypeptides and their analogues, the functional self-assemblies of the synthesized glycopolypeptides, and their biological applications such as biomolecular recognition, drug/gene delivery, and cell adhesion and targeting, as well as cell culture and tissue engineering. Future outlook of the synthetic glycopolypeptides was also discussed.
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9
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Xiong W, Zhang C, Lyu X, Zhou H, Chang W, Bo Y, Chen E, Shen Z, Lu H. Synthesis of modifiable photo-responsive polypeptides bearing allyloxyazobenzene side-chains. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01106d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A photo-responsive and modifiable polypeptide with stable helical conformation was synthesized. The self-assembly and liquid crystalline phase structure were subsequently studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Chong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Xiaolin Lyu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Hantao Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Wenying Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Yu Bo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Erqiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
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10
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Song Z, Tan Z, Cheng J. Recent Advances and Future Perspectives of Synthetic Polypeptides from N-Carboxyanhydrides. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zhengzhong Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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11
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Perlin P, Scott WA, Deming TJ. Modification of Poly(5,6-epoxy-l-norleucine) Gives Functional Polypeptides with Alternative Side-Chain Linkages. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:126-132. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Becker G, Wurm FR. Functional biodegradable polymers via ring-opening polymerization of monomers without protective groups. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7739-7782. [PMID: 30221267 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are of current interest and chemical functionality in such materials is often demanded in advanced biomedical applications. Functional groups often are not tolerated in the polymerization process of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and therefore protective groups need to be applied. Advantageously, several orthogonally reactive functions are available, which do not demand protection during ROP. We give an insight into available, orthogonally reactive cyclic monomers and the corresponding functional synthetic and biodegradable polymers, obtained from ROP. Functionalities in the monomer are reviewed, which are tolerated by ROP without further protection and allow further post-modification of the corresponding chemically functional polymers after polymerization. Synthetic concepts to these monomers are summarized in detail, preferably using precursor molecules. Post-modification strategies for the reported functionalities are presented and selected applications highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Becker
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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13
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Muhl C, Schäfer O, Bauer T, Räder HJ, Barz M. Poly(S-ethylsulfonyl-l-homocysteine): An α-Helical Polypeptide for Chemoselective Disulfide Formation. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Muhl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Olga Schäfer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Bauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School MAterials Science IN mainZ (MAINZ), Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Räder
- Max-Planck-Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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14
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Schäfer O, Barz M. Of Thiols and Disulfides: Methods for Chemoselective Formation of Asymmetric Disulfides in Synthetic Peptides and Polymers. Chemistry 2018; 24:12131-12142. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Schäfer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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15
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Jana S, Biswas Y, Mandal TK. Methionine-based cationic polypeptide/polypeptide block copolymer with triple-stimuli responsiveness: DNA polyplexation and phototriggered release. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00178b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis of a multi-stimuli responsive methionine-based cationic polypeptide and its polypeptide block copolymer, followed by subsequent DNA polyplexation and phototriggered release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdeb Jana
- Polymer Science Unit
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Yajnaseni Biswas
- Polymer Science Unit
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Tarun K. Mandal
- Polymer Science Unit
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
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16
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González-Henríquez CM, Sarabia-Vallejos MA, Rodríguez-Hernández J. Strategies to Fabricate Polypeptide-Based Structures via Ring-Opening Polymerization of N-Carboxyanhydrides. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E551. [PMID: 30965855 PMCID: PMC6418556 DOI: 10.3390/polym9110551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we provide a general and clear overview about the different alternatives reported to fabricate a myriad of polypeptide architectures based on the ring-opening polymerization of N-carbonyanhydrides (ROP NCAs). First of all, the strategies for the preparation of NCA monomers directly from natural occurring or from modified amino acids are analyzed. The synthetic alternatives to prepare non-functionalized and functionalized NCAs are presented. Protection/deprotection protocols, as well as other functionalization chemistries are discussed in this section. Later on, the mechanisms involved in the ROP NCA polymerization, as well as the strategies developed to reduce the eventually occurring side reactions are presented. Finally, a general overview of the synthetic strategies described in the literature to fabricate different polypeptide architectures is provided. This part of the review is organized depending on the complexity of the macromolecular topology prepared. Therefore, linear homopolypeptides, random and block copolypeptides are described first. The next sections include cyclic and branched polymers such as star polypeptides, polymer brushes and highly branched structures including arborescent or dendrigraft structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M González-Henríquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, P.O. Box 9845, Correo 21, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
| | - Mauricio A Sarabia-Vallejos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Estructural y Geotecnia, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Correo 22, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
| | - Juan Rodríguez-Hernández
- Departamento de Química y Propiedades de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Fan J, Borguet YP, Su L, Nguyen TP, Wang H, He X, Zou J, Wooley KL. Two-Dimensional Controlled Syntheses of Polypeptide Molecular Brushes via N-Carboxyanhydride Ring-Opening Polymerization and Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:1031-1035. [PMID: 28966880 PMCID: PMC5617330 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined molecular brushes bearing polypeptides as side chains were prepared by a "grafting through" synthetic strategy with two-dimensional control over the brush molecular architectures. By integrating N-carboxyanhydride ring-opening polymerizations (NCA ROPs) and ring-opening metathesis polymerizations (ROMPs), desirable segment lengths of polypeptide side chains and polynorbornene brush backbones were independently constructed in controlled manners. The N2 flow accelerated NCA ROP was utilized to prepare polypeptide macromonomers with different lengths initiated from a norbornene-based primary amine, and those macromonomers were then polymerized via ROMP. It was found that a mixture of dichloromethane and an ionic liquid were required as the solvent system to allow for construction of molecular brush polymers having densely-grafted peptide chains emanating from a polynorbornene backbone, poly(norbornene-graft-poly(β-benzyl-l-aspartate)) (P(NB-g-PBLA)). Highly efficient postpolymerization modification was achieved by aminolysis of PBLA side chains for facile installment of functional moieties onto the molecular brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Fan
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
| | - Yannick P. Borguet
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
| | - Lu Su
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
| | - Tan P. Nguyen
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
| | - Hai Wang
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
| | - Xun He
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
| | - Jiong Zou
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry,
Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory
for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas
A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United
States
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18
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Zhang H, Chen J, Zhang X, Xiao C, Chen X, Tao Y, Wang X. Multidentate Comb-Shaped Polypeptides Bearing Trithiocarbonate Functionality: Synthesis and Application for Water-Soluble Quantum Dots. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:924-930. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youhua Tao
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
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19
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Song Z, Han Z, Lv S, Chen C, Chen L, Yin L, Cheng J. Synthetic polypeptides: from polymer design to supramolecular assembly and biomedical application. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:6570-6599. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00460e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent advances in the chemical design, supramolecular assembly, and biomedical application of synthetic polypeptides fromN-carboxyanhydrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
| | - Zhiyuan Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
| | - Shixian Lv
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
| | - Chongyi Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Lichen Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
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20
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Huesmann D, Klinker K, Barz M. Orthogonally reactive amino acids and end groups in NCA polymerization. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01817c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We summarize recent strategies for the synthesis of orthogonally reactive polypeptides and polypeptoids by direct and post-polymerization approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Huesmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Kristina Klinker
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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21
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Schäfer O, Huesmann D, Muhl C, Barz M. Rethinking Cysteine Protective Groups: S-Alkylsulfonyl-l-Cysteines for Chemoselective Disulfide Formation. Chemistry 2016; 22:18085-18091. [PMID: 27797427 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to reversibly cross-link proteins and peptides grants the amino acid cysteine its unique role in nature as well as in peptide chemistry. We report a novel class of S-alkylsulfonyl-l-cysteines and N-carboxy anhydrides (NCA) thereof for peptide synthesis. The S-alkylsulfonyl group is stable against amines and thus enables its use under Fmoc chemistry conditions and the controlled polymerization of the corresponding NCAs yielding well-defined homo- as well as block co-polymers. Yet, thiols react immediately with the S-alkylsulfonyl group forming asymmetric disulfides. Therefore, we introduce the first reactive cysteine derivative for efficient and chemoselective disulfide formation in synthetic polypeptides, thus bypassing additional protective group cleavage steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Schäfer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - David Huesmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Muhl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
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22
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Schäfer O, Huesmann D, Barz M. Poly(S-ethylsulfonyl-l-cysteines) for Chemoselective Disulfide Formation. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Schäfer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Huesmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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23
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Zhao W, Gnanou Y, Hadjichristidis N. Well-defined (co)polypeptides bearing pendant alkyne groups. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00365f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel metal-free strategy, using hydrogen-bonding catalytic ring opening polymerization of alkyne-functionalized N-carboxy anhydrites of α-amino acids, was developed for the synthesis of well-defined polypeptides bearing pendant alkyne groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE)
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory
- Thuwal 23955
| | - Yves Gnanou
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE)
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE)
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory
- Thuwal 23955
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24
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Fu X, Ma Y, Sun J, Li Z. Biodegradable thermal- and redox-responsive poly(l-glutamate) with Y-shaped oligo(ethylene glycol) side-chain and tunable phase transition temperature. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17427b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of poly(l-glutamate) bearing Y-shaped oligo(ethylene glycol)x side-chains were synthesized via a combination of ROP and thiol–yne photoaddition. The polypeptides showed dual thermal and redox-responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Fu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
- China
- Institute of Chemistry
| | - Yinan Ma
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Zhibo Li
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
- China
- Institute of Chemistry
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Deming
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, 5121 Engineering 5, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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26
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Gharakhanian EG, Deming TJ. Versatile Synthesis of Stable, Functional Polypeptides via Reaction with Epoxides. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1802-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric G. Gharakhanian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Timothy J. Deming
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los
Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1600, United States
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27
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Islam M, Shaikh AY, Hotha S. Transition Metals for the Synthesis of Glycopolymers and Glycopolypeptides. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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28
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Zhang R, Song Z, Yin L, Zheng N, Tang H, Lu H, Gabrielson NP, Lin Y, Kim K, Cheng J. Ionic α-helical polypeptides toward nonviral gene delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 7:98-110. [PMID: 25377262 PMCID: PMC4545666 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The advent of polymeric materials has significantly promoted the development and rapid growth of various technologies in biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and controlled drug and gene delivery. Water-soluble polypeptides bearing functional side chains and adopting stable secondary structures are a new class of functional polymeric materials of potentially broad applications in medicine and biotechnology. In this article, we summarize our recent effort on the design and synthesis of the water-soluble α-helical ionic polypeptides originally developed in our laboratory and highlight their applications in cell membrane penetration and nonviral gene/small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ziyuan Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Lichen Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Haoyu Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nathan P. Gabrielson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kyung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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29
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Perdih P, Cebašek S, Možir A, Zagar E. Post-polymerization modification of poly(L-glutamic acid) with D-(+)-glucosamine. Molecules 2014; 19:19751-68. [PMID: 25438084 PMCID: PMC6270794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxyl functional groups of poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGlu) were modified with a D-(+)-glucosamine (GlcN) by amidation using 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) as a coupling reagent. The coupling reaction was performed in aqueous medium without protection of hydroxyl functional groups of D-(+)-glucosamine. Poly(L-glutamic acid) and GlcN functionalized polyglutamates (P(Glu-GlcN)) were thoroughly characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and SEC-MALS to gain detailed information on their structure, composition and molar mass characteristics. The results reveal successful functionalization with GlcN through the amide bond and also to a minor extent through ester bond formation in position 1 of GlcN. In addition, a ratio between the α- and β-form of glucosamine substituent coupled to polyglutamate repeating units as well as the content of residual dimethoxy triazinyl active ester moiety in the samples were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Perdih
- National Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sašo Cebašek
- National Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Možir
- National Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ema Zagar
- National Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory for Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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30
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Deng C, Wu J, Cheng R, Meng F, Klok HA, Zhong Z. Functional polypeptide and hybrid materials: Precision synthesis via α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydride polymerization and emerging biomedical applications. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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32
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Lu H, Wang J, Song Z, Yin L, Zhang Y, Tang H, Tu C, Lin Y, Cheng J. Recent advances in amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides and synthetic polypeptides: chemistry, self-assembly and biological applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:139-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc46317f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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33
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Bonduelle C, Lecommandoux S. Synthetic Glycopolypeptides as Biomimetic Analogues of Natural Glycoproteins. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2973-83. [DOI: 10.1021/bm4008088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Bonduelle
- Université de Bordeaux/IPB, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607
Pessac Cedex, France
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