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Nele V, Campani V, Alia Moosavian S, De Rosa G. Lipid nanoparticles for RNA delivery: Self-assembling vs driven-assembling strategies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115291. [PMID: 38514018 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Among non-viral vectors, lipid nanovectors are considered the gold standard for the delivery of RNA therapeutics. The success of lipid nanoparticles for RNA delivery, with three products approved for human use, has stimulated further investigation into RNA therapeutics for different pathologies. This requires decoding the pathological intracellular processes and tailoring the delivery system to the target tissue and cells. The complexity of the lipid nanovectors morphology originates from the assembling of the lipidic components, which can be elicited by various methods able to drive the formation of nanoparticles with the desired organization. In other cases, pre-formed nanoparticles can be mixed with RNA to induce self-assembly and structural reorganization into RNA-loaded nanoparticles. In this review, the most relevant lipid nanovectors and their potentialities for RNA delivery are described on the basis of the assembling mechanism and of the particle architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Nele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Seyedeh Alia Moosavian
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Naples, Italy.
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2
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Sharma R, Narum S, Liu S, Dong Y, Baek KI, Jo H, Salaita K. Nanodiscoidal Nucleic Acids for Gene Regulation. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2349-2367. [PMID: 37910400 PMCID: PMC10660333 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic nucleic acids represent a powerful class of drug molecules to control gene expression and protein synthesis. A major challenge in this field is that soluble oligonucleotides have limited serum stability, and the majority of nucleic acids that enter the cells are trapped within endosomes. Delivery efficiency can be improved using lipid scaffolds. One such example is the nanodisc (ND), a self-assembled nanostructure composed of phospholipids and peptides and modeled after high density lipoproteins (HDLs). Herein, we describe the development of the nanodiscoidal nucleic acid (NNA) which is a ND covalently modified with nucleic acids on the top and bottom lipid faces as well as the lateral peptide belt. The 13 nm ND was doped with thiolated phospholipids and thiol-containing peptides and coupled in a one-pot reaction with oligonucleotides to achieve ∼30 DNA/NNA nucleic acid density. NNAs showed superior nuclease resistance and enhanced cellular uptake that was mediated through the scavenger receptor B1. Time-dependent Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis of internalized NNA confirmed that NNAs display increased stability. NNAs modified with clinically validated antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that target hypoxia inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1-α) mRNA showed enhanced activity compared with that of the soluble DNA across multiple cell lines as well as a 3D cancer spheroid model. Lastly, in vivo experiments show that ASO-modified NNAs are primarily localized into livers and kidneys, and NNAs were potent in downregulating HIF-1-α using 5-fold lower doses than previously reported. Collectively, our results highlight the therapeutic potential for NNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Sharma
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Steven Narum
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shuhong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yixiao Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kyung In Baek
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Department
of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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3
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Shaharyar MA, Bhowmik R, Al-Abbasi FA, AlGhamdi SA, Alghamdi AM, Sarkar A, Kazmi I, Karmakar S. Vaccine Formulation Strategies and Challenges Involved in RNA Delivery for Modulating Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Race from Laboratory to Market. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020241. [PMID: 36851119 PMCID: PMC9963957 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that noncoding RNAs have significant physiological and pathological roles. Modulation of noncoding RNAs may offer therapeutic approaches as per recent findings. Small RNAs, mostly long noncoding RNAs, siRNA, and microRNAs make up noncoding RNAs. Inhibiting or promoting protein breakdown by binding to 3' untranslated regions of target mRNA, microRNAs post-transcriptionally control the pattern of gene expression. Contrarily, long non-coding RNAs perform a wider range of tasks, including serving as molecular scaffolding, decoys, and epigenetic regulators. This article provides instances of long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs that may be a biomarker of CVD (cardiovascular disease). In this paper we highlight various RNA-based vaccine formulation strategies designed to target these biomarkers-that are either currently in the research pipeline or are in the global pharmaceutical market-along with the physiological hurdles that need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Adil Shaharyar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rudranil Bhowmik
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shareefa A. AlGhamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira M. Alghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +966-543970731 (I.K.); +91-8017136385 (S.K.)
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +966-543970731 (I.K.); +91-8017136385 (S.K.)
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4
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Aranda-Lara L, Isaac-Olivé K, Ocampo-García B, Ferro-Flores G, González-Romero C, Mercado-López A, García-Marín R, Santos-Cuevas C, Estrada JA, Morales-Avila E. Engineered rHDL Nanoparticles as a Suitable Platform for Theranostic Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:7046. [PMID: 36296638 PMCID: PMC9610567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (rHDLs) can transport and specifically release drugs and imaging agents, mediated by the Scavenger Receptor Type B1 (SR-B1) present in a wide variety of tumor cells, providing convenient platforms for developing theranostic systems. Usually, phospholipids or Apo-A1 lipoproteins on the particle surfaces are the motifs used to conjugate molecules for the multifunctional purposes of the rHDL nanoparticles. Cholesterol has been less addressed as a region to bind molecules or functional groups to the rHDL surface. To maximize the efficacy and improve the radiolabeling of rHDL theranostic systems, we synthesized compounds with bifunctional agents covalently linked to cholesterol. This strategy means that the radionuclide was bound to the surface, while the therapeutic agent was encapsulated in the lipophilic core. In this research, HYNIC-S-(CH2)3-S-Cholesterol and DOTA-benzene-p-SC-NH-(CH2)2-NH-Cholesterol derivatives were synthesized to prepare nanoparticles (NPs) of HYNIC-rHDL and DOTA-rHDL, which can subsequently be linked to radionuclides for SPECT/PET imaging or targeted radiotherapy. HYNIC is used to complexing 99mTc and DOTA for labeling molecules with 111, 113mIn, 67, 68Ga, 177Lu, 161Tb, 225Ac, and 64Cu, among others. In vitro studies showed that the NPs of HYNIC-rHDL and DOTA-rHDL maintain specific recognition by SR-B1 and the ability to internalize and release, in the cytosol of cancer cells, the molecules carried in their core. The biodistribution in mice showed a similar behavior between rHDL (without surface modification) and HYNIC-rHDL, while DOTA-rHDL exhibited a different biodistribution pattern due to the significant reduction in the lipophilicity of the modified cholesterol molecule. Both systems demonstrated characteristics for the development of suitable theranostic platforms for personalized cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Aranda-Lara
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Keila Isaac-Olivé
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Blanca Ocampo-García
- Department of Radioactive Materials, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52750, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Guillermina Ferro-Flores
- Department of Radioactive Materials, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52750, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos González-Romero
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50120, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Mercado-López
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50120, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo García-Marín
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50120, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Clara Santos-Cuevas
- Department of Radioactive Materials, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Ocoyoacac 52750, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - José A. Estrada
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Enrique Morales-Avila
- Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50120, Estado de México, Mexico
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5
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Hetherington I, Totary-Jain H. Anti-atherosclerotic therapies: Milestones, challenges, and emerging innovations. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3106-3117. [PMID: 36065464 PMCID: PMC9552812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main underlying pathology for many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are the leading cause of death globally and represent a serious health crisis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic condition that can lead to myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Elevated plasma lipids, hypertension, and high glucose are the major risk factors for developing atherosclerotic plaques. To date, most pharmacological therapies aim to control these risk factors, but they do not target the plaque-causing cells themselves. In patients with acute coronary syndromes, surgical revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention has greatly reduced mortality rates. However, stent thrombosis and neo-atherosclerosis have emerged as major safety concerns of drug eluting stents due to delayed re-endothelialization. This review summarizes the major milestones, strengths, and limitations of current anti-atherosclerotic therapies. It provides an overview of the recent discoveries and emerging game-changing technologies in the fields of nanomedicine, mRNA therapeutics, and gene editing that have the potential to revolutionize CVD clinical practice by steering it toward precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Hetherington
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC08, 2170, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Hana Totary-Jain
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC08, 2170, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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6
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Dhas N, García MC, Kudarha R, Pandey A, Nikam AN, Gopalan D, Fernandes G, Soman S, Kulkarni S, Seetharam RN, Tiwari R, Wairkar S, Pardeshi C, Mutalik S. Advancements in cell membrane camouflaged nanoparticles: A bioinspired platform for cancer therapy. J Control Release 2022; 346:71-97. [PMID: 35439581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The idea of employing natural cell membranes as a coating medium for nanoparticles (NPs) endows man-made vectors with natural capabilities and benefits. In addition to retaining the physicochemical characteristics of the NPs, the biomimetic NPs also have the functionality of source cell membranes. It has emerged as a promising approach to enhancing the properties of NPs for drug delivery, immune evasion, imaging, cancer-targeting, and phototherapy sensitivity. Several studies have been reported with a multitude of approaches to reengineering the surface of NPs using biological membranes. Owing to their low immunogenicity and intriguing biomimetic properties, cell-membrane-based biohybrid delivery systems have recently gained a lot of interest as therapeutic delivery systems. This review summarises different kinds of biomimetic NPs reported so far, their fabrication aspects, and their application in the biomedical field. Finally, it briefs on the latest advances available in this biohybrid concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namdev Dhas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Mónica C García
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica, UNITEFA, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ritu Kudarha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Ajinkya Nitin Nikam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Divya Gopalan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Gasper Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Soji Soman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Sanjay Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 209305, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Chandrakantsing Pardeshi
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka State, India.
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7
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Sharma R, Dong Y, Hu Y, Ma VPY, Salaita K. Gene Regulation Using Nanodiscs Modified with HIF-1-α Antisense Oligonucleotides. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:279-293. [PMID: 35080855 PMCID: PMC9884500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of nucleic acids can be hindered by multiple factors including nuclease susceptibility, endosome trapping, and clearance. Multiple nanotechnology scaffolds have offered promising solutions, and among these, lipid-based systems are advantageous because of their high biocompatibility and low toxicity. However, many lipid nanoparticle systems still have issues regarding stability, rapid clearance, and cargo leakage. Herein, we demonstrate the use of a synthetic nanodisc (ND) scaffold functionalized with an anti-HIF-1-α antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) to reduce HIF-1-α mRNA transcript levels. We prepared ND conjugates by using a mixture of phosphoglycerolipids with phosphocholine and phosphothioethanol headgroups that self-assemble into a ∼13 × 5 nm discoidal structure upon addition of a 22-amino-acid ApoA1 mimetic peptide. Optimized reaction conditions yield 15 copies of the anti-HIF-1-α ASO DNA covalently conjugated to the thiolated phospholipids using maleimide-thiol chemistry. We show that DNA-ND conjugates are active, nuclease resistant, and rapidly internalized into cells to regulate HIF-1-α mRNA levels without the use of transfection agents. DNA-ND uptake is partially mediated through Scavenger Receptor B1 and the ND conjugates show enhanced knockdown of HIF-1-α compared to that of the soluble ASOs in multiple cell lines. Our results demonstrate that covalently functionalized NDs may offer an improved platform for ASO therapeutics.
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8
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Vincristine-doxorubicin co-loaded artificial low-density lipoproteins towards solid tumours. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113802. [PMID: 34543934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To construct an artificial low-density lipoprotein (aLDL) that highly mimics low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in vivo, and deliver vincristine (VCR) - doxorubicin (DOX) simultaneously, the 100 nm and 35 nm DOX-VCR-aLDLs (DV-aLDLs) were constructed, then the physicochemical characteristics were evaluated. Through in vitro inverse gravity diffusion experiment, the tumour cake and sphere model experiment, draw a conclusion that the diffusion of 35 nm DV-aLDLs was stronger than 100 nm DV-aLDLs, and the tumour retention of 35 nm DV-aLDLs was better than the DV-solution. In addition, the three-dimension (3D) in vivo distribution imaging of aLDLs was performed on HepG-2 tumour-bearing nude mice, followed by the biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy on these xenograft models. Taking advantage of better diffusion capacity in tumour tissue, as well as the synergistic effect of VCR and DOX, the 35 nm DV-aLDL had the strongest efficacy and the lowest toxicity. High entrapment efficiency and stability, both active and passive targeting, making aLDL a potential carrier for tumour-targeted therapy at the same time.
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9
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Fazal S, Lee R. Biomimetic Bacterial Membrane Vesicles for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1430. [PMID: 34575506 PMCID: PMC8468068 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous factors need to be considered to develop a nanodrug delivery system that is biocompatible, non-toxic, easy to synthesize, cost-effective, and feasible for scale up over and above their therapeutic efficacy. With regards to this, worldwide, exosomes, which are nano-sized vesicles obtained from mammalian cells, are being explored as a biomimetic drug delivery system that has superior biocompatibility and high translational capability. However, the economics of undertaking large-scale mammalian culture to derive exosomal vesicles for translation seems to be challenging and unfeasible. Recently, Bacterial Membrane Vesicles (BMVs) derived from bacteria are being explored as a viable alternative as biomimetic drug delivery systems that can be manufactured relatively easily at much lower costs at a large scale. Until now, BMVs have been investigated extensively as successful immunomodulating agents, but their capability as drug delivery systems remains to be explored in detail. In this review, the use of BMVs as suitable cargo delivery vehicles is discussed with focus on their use for in vivo treatment of cancer and bacterial infections reported thus far. Additionally, the different types of BMVs, factors affecting their synthesis and different cargo loading techniques used in BMVs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruda Lee
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan;
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10
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Lavker RM, Kaplan N, McMahon KM, Calvert AE, Henrich SE, Onay UV, Lu KQ, Peng H, Thaxton CS. Synthetic high-density lipoprotein nanoparticles: Good things in small packages. Ocul Surf 2021; 21:19-26. [PMID: 33894397 PMCID: PMC8328934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Medicine has been a great beneficiary of the nanotechnology revolution. Nanotechnology involves the synthesis of functional materials with at least one size dimension between 1 and 100 nm. Advances in the field have enabled the synthesis of bio-nanoparticles that can interface with physiological systems to modulate fundamental cellular processes. One example of a diverse acting nanoparticle-based therapeutic is synthetic high-density lipoprotein (HDL) nanoparticles (NP), which have great potential for treating diseases of the ocular surface. Our group has developed a spherical HDL NP using a gold nanoparticle core. HDL NPs: (i) closely mimic the physical and chemical features of natural HDLs; (ii) contain apoA-I; (iii) bind with high-affinity to SR-B1, which is the major receptor through which HDL modulates cell cholesterol metabolism and controls the selective uptake of HDL cargo into cells; (iv) are non-toxic to cells and tissues; and (v) can be chemically engineered to display nearly any surface or core composition desired. With respect to the ocular surface, topical application of HDL NPs accelerates re-epithelization of the cornea following wounding, attenuates inflammation resulting from chemical burns and/or other stresses, and effectively delivers microRNAs with biological activity to corneal cells and tissues. HDL NPs will be the foundation of a new class of topical eye drops with great translational potential and exemplify the impact that nanoparticles can have in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Lavker
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Nihal Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kaylin M McMahon
- Department of Dermatology Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrea E Calvert
- Department of Dermatology Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen E Henrich
- Department of Dermatology Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ummiye V Onay
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kurt Q Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Department of Dermatology Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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11
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Groner J, Goepferich A, Breunig M. Atherosclerosis: Conventional intake of cardiovascular drugs versus delivery using nanotechnology - A new chance for causative therapy? J Control Release 2021; 333:536-559. [PMID: 33794270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in developed countries. The pathogenetic mechanism relies on a macrophage-based immune reaction to low density lipoprotein (LDL) deposition in blood vessels with dysfunctional endothelia. Thus, atherosclerosis is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease. A plethora of cardiovascular drugs have been developed and are on the market, but the major shortcoming of standard medications is that they do not address the root cause of the disease. Statins and thiazolidinediones that have recently been recognized to exert specific anti-atherosclerotic effects represent a potential breakthrough on the horizon. But their whole potential cannot be realized due to insufficient availability at the pathological site and severe off-target effects. The focus of this review will be to elaborate how both groups of drugs could immensely profit from nanoparticulate carriers. This delivery principle would allow for their accumulation in target macrophages and endothelial cells of the atherosclerotic plaque, increasing bioavailability where it is needed most. Based on the analyzed literature we conclude design criteria for the delivery of statins and thiazolidinediones with nanoparticles for anti-atherosclerotic therapy. Nanoparticles need to be below a diameter of 100 nm to accumulate in the atherosclerotic plaque and should be fabricated using biodegradable materials. Further, the thiazolidinediones or statins must be encapsulated into the particle core, because especially for thiazolidindiones the uptake into cells is prerequisite for their mechanism of action. For optimal uptake into targeted macrophages and endothelial cells, the ideal particle should present ligands on its surface which bind specifically to scavenger receptors. The impact of statins on the lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX1) seems particularly promising because of its outstanding role in the inflammatory process. Using this pioneering concept, it will be possible to promote the impact of statins and thiazolidinediones on macrophages and endothelial cells and significantly enhance their anti-atherosclerotic therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Groner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Breunig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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12
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Gupta A, Sharma R, Kuche K, Jain S. Exploring the therapeutic potential of the bioinspired reconstituted high density lipoprotein nanostructures. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Rink JS, Lin AY, McMahon KM, Calvert AE, Yang S, Taxter T, Moreira J, Chadburn A, Behdad A, Karmali R, Thaxton CS, Gordon LI. Targeted reduction of cholesterol uptake in cholesterol-addicted lymphoma cells blocks turnover of oxidized lipids to cause ferroptosis. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100100. [PMID: 33208460 PMCID: PMC7949030 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal human cells can either synthesize cholesterol or take it up from lipoproteins to meet their metabolic requirements. In some malignant cells, de novo cholesterol synthesis genes are transcriptionally silent or mutated, meaning that cholesterol uptake from lipoproteins is required for survival. Recent data suggest that lymphoma cells dependent upon lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol uptake are also subject to ferroptosis, an oxygen- and iron-dependent cell death mechanism triggered by accumulation of oxidized lipids in cell membranes unless the lipid hydroperoxidase, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), reduces these toxic lipid species. To study mechanisms linking cholesterol uptake with ferroptosis and determine the potential role of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor as a target for cholesterol depleting therapy, we treated lymphoma cell lines known to be sensitive to the reduction of cholesterol uptake with HDL-like nanoparticles (HDL NPs). HDL NPs are a cholesterol-poor ligand that binds to the receptor for cholesterol-rich HDLs, scavenger receptor type B1 (SCARB1). Our data reveal that HDL NP treatment activates a compensatory metabolic response in treated cells toward increased de novo cholesterol synthesis, which is accompanied by nearly complete reduction in expression of GPX4. As a result, oxidized membrane lipids accumulate, leading to cell death through a mechanism consistent with ferroptosis. We obtained similar results in vivo after systemic administration of HDL NPs in mouse lymphoma xenografts and in primary samples obtained from patients with lymphoma. In summary, targeting SCARB1 with HDL NPs in cholesterol uptake-addicted lymphoma cells abolishes GPX4, resulting in cancer cell death by a mechanism consistent with ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Rink
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Adam Yuh Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kaylin M McMahon
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Andrea E Calvert
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Shuo Yang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tim Taxter
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan Moreira
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy Chadburn
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amir Behdad
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Reem Karmali
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois USA; International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
| | - Leo I Gordon
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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14
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Wang J, Calvert AE, Kaplan N, McMahon KM, Yang W, Lu KQ, Peng H, Thaxton CS, Lavker RM. HDL nanoparticles have wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties and can topically deliver miRNAs. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020; 3. [PMID: 33709017 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs regulate numerous biological processes, making them potential therapeutic agents. Problems with delivery and stability of these molecules have limited their usefulness as treatments. We demonstrate that synthetic high-density lipoprotein nanoparticles (HDL NPs) topically applied to the intact ocular surface are taken up by epithelial and stromal cells. microRNAs complexed to HDL NPs (miR-HDL NPs) are similarly taken up by cells and tissues and retain biological activity. Topical treatment of diabetic mice with either HDL NPs or miR-HDL NPs significantly improved corneal re-epithelialization following wounding compared with controls. Mouse corneas with alkali burn-induced inflammation, topically treated with HDL NPs, displayed clinical, morphological and immunological improvement. These results should yield a novel HDL NP-based eye drop for patients with compromised wound healing ability (diabetics) and/or corneal inflammatory diseases (e.g. dry eye).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Andrea E Calvert
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Nihal Kaplan
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Kaylin M McMahon
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Wending Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Kurt Q Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert M Lavker
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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15
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Chuang ST, Cruz S, Narayanaswami V. Reconfiguring Nature's Cholesterol Accepting Lipoproteins as Nanoparticle Platforms for Transport and Delivery of Therapeutic and Imaging Agents. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E906. [PMID: 32397159 PMCID: PMC7279153 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoproteins are critical structural and functional components of lipoproteins, which are large supramolecular assemblies composed predominantly of lipids and proteins, and other biomolecules such as nucleic acids. A signature feature of apolipoproteins is the preponderance of amphipathic α-helical motifs that dictate their ability to make extensive non-covalent inter- or intra-molecular helix-helix interactions in lipid-free states or helix-lipid interactions with hydrophobic biomolecules in lipid-associated states. This review focuses on the latter ability of apolipoproteins, which has been capitalized on to reconstitute synthetic nanoscale binary/ternary lipoprotein complexes composed of apolipoproteins/peptides and lipids that mimic native high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) with the goal to transport drugs. It traces the historical development of our understanding of these nanostructures and how the cholesterol accepting property of HDL has been reconfigured to develop them as drug-loading platforms. The review provides the structural perspective of these platforms with different types of apolipoproteins and an overview of their synthesis. It also examines the cargo that have been loaded into the core for therapeutic and imaging purposes. Finally, it lays out the merits and challenges associated with apolipoprotein-based nanostructures with a future perspective calling for a need to develop "zip-code"-based delivery for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vasanthy Narayanaswami
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA; (S.T.C.); (S.C.)
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16
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Busatto S, Zendrini A, Radeghieri A, Paolini L, Romano M, Presta M, Bergese P. The nanostructured secretome. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:39-63. [PMID: 31799977 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01007f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The term secretome, which traditionally strictly refers to single proteins, should be expanded to also include the great variety of nanoparticles secreted by cells (secNPs) into the extracellular space, which ranges from high-density lipoproteins of a few nanometers to extracellular vesicles and fat globules of hundreds of nanometers. Widening the definition is urged by the ever-increasing understanding of the role of secNPs as regulators/mediators of key physiological and pathological processes, which also puts them in the running as breakthrough cell-free therapeutics and diagnostics. "Made by cells for cells", secNPs are envisioned as a sweeping paradigm shift in nanomedicine, promising to overcome the limitations of synthetic nanoparticles by unsurpassed circulation and targeting abilities, precision and sustainability. From a longer/wider perspective, advanced manipulation would possibly make secNPs available as building blocks for future "biogenic" nanotechnology. However, the current knowledge is fragmented and sectorial (the majority of the studies being focused on a specific biological and/or medical aspect of a given secNP class or subclass), the understanding of the nanoscale and interfacial properties is limited and the development of bioprocesses and regulatory initiatives is in the early days. We believe that new multidisciplinary competencies and synergistic efforts need to be attracted and augmented to move forward. This review will contribute to the effort by attempting for the first time to rationally gather and elaborate secNPs and their traits into a unique concise framework - from biogenesis to colloidal properties, engineering and clinical translation - disclosing the overall view and easing comparative analysis and future exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Busatto
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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17
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Chen J, Zhang X, Millican R, Creutzmann JE, Martin S, Jun HW. High density lipoprotein mimicking nanoparticles for atherosclerosis. NANO CONVERGENCE 2020; 7:6. [PMID: 31984429 PMCID: PMC6983461 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-019-0214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major contributor to many cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease, making it the leading cause of death worldwide. High-density lipoproteins (HDL), also known as "good cholesterol", have been shown to demonstrate anti-atherosclerotic efficacy through the removal of cholesterol from foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques. Because of the excellent anti-atherosclerotic properties of HDL, in the past several years, there has been tremendous attention in designing HDL mimicking nanoparticles (NPs) of varying functions to image, target, and treat atherosclerosis. In this review, we are summarizing the recent progress in the development of HDL mimicking NPs and their applications for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Reid Millican
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Jacob Emil Creutzmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Sean Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
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18
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Kumari Y, Kaur G, Kumar R, Singh SK, Gulati M, Khursheed R, Clarisse A, Gowthamarajan K, Karri VVSNR, Mahalingam R, Ghosh D, Awasthi A, Kumar R, Yadav AK, Kapoor B, Singh PK, Dua K, Porwal O. Gold nanoparticles: New routes across old boundaries. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 274:102037. [PMID: 31655366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, gold nanoparticles have emerged as unique non-invasive drug carriers for targeting drugs to their site of action. Their site specificity has helped in increasing drugs' efficacy at lower dose as well as reduction in their side effects. Moreover, their excellent optical properties and small size offer their utilization as diagnostic tools to diagnose tumors as well as other diseases. This review focuses on various approaches that have been used in last several years for preparation of gold nanoparticles, their characterization techniques and theranostic applications. Their toxicity related aspects are also highlighted. Gold nanoparticles are useful as theranostic agents, owing to their small size, biocompatible nature, size dependent physical, chemical and optical properties etc. However, the challenges associated with these nanoparticles such as scale up, cost, low drug payload, toxicity and stability have been the major impediments in their commercialization. The review looks into all these critical issues and identifies the possibilities to overcome these challenges for successful positioning of metallic nanoparticles in market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Kumari
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Gurmandeep Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rubiya Khursheed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Ayinkamiye Clarisse
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - K Gowthamarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Ootacamund, Tamilnadu, India
| | - V V S Narayana Reddy Karri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Ootacamund, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Dipanjoy Ghosh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Yadav
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Omji Porwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ishik University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq
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19
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Singh A, Nandwana V, Rink JS, Ryoo SR, Chen TH, Allen SD, Scott EA, Gordon LI, Thaxton CS, Dravid VP. Biomimetic Magnetic Nanostructures: A Theranostic Platform Targeting Lipid Metabolism and Immune Response in Lymphoma. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10301-10311. [PMID: 31487458 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma cells depend upon cholesterol to maintain pro-proliferation and pro-survival signaling via the B-cell receptor. Targeted cholesterol depletion of lymphoma cells is an attractive therapeutic strategy. We report here high-density lipoprotein mimicking magnetic nanostructures (HDL-MNSs) that can bind to the high-affinity HDL receptor, scavenger receptor type B1 (SR-B1), and interfere with cholesterol flux mechanisms in SR-B1 receptor positive lymphoma cells, causing cellular cholesterol depletion. In addition, the MNS core can be utilized for its ability to generate heat under an external radio frequency field. The thermal activation of MNS can lead to both innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses by inducing the expression of heat shock proteins that lead to activation of antigen presenting cells and finally lymphocyte trafficking. In the present study, we demonstrate SR-B1 receptor mediated binding and cellular uptake of HDL-MNS and prevention of phagolysosome formation by transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and ICP-MS analysis. The combinational therapeutics of cholesterol depletion and thermal activation significantly improves therapeutic efficacy in SR-B1 expressing lymphoma cells. HDL-MNS reduces the T2 relaxation time under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) more effectively compared with a commercially available contrast agent, and the specificity of HDL-MNS toward the SR-B1 receptor leads to differential contrast between SR-B1 positive and negative cells suggesting its utility in diagnostic imaging. Overall, we have demonstrated that HDL-MNSs have cell specific targeting efficiency, can modulate cholesterol efflux, can induce thermal activation mediated antitumor immune response, and possess high contrast under MRI, making it a promising theranostic platform in lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhalaxmi Singh
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Vikas Nandwana
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Jonathan S Rink
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
- Simpson-Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - Soo-Ryoon Ryoo
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Tzu Hung Chen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Sean David Allen
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Evan A Scott
- Simpson-Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Program , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Leo I Gordon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- International Institute of Nanotechnology , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine , Northwestern University , Chicago , Illinois 60611 , United States
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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20
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Kornmueller K, Vidakovic I, Prassl R. Artificial High Density Lipoprotein Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular Research. Molecules 2019; 24:E2829. [PMID: 31382521 PMCID: PMC6695986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoproteins are endogenous nanoparticles which are the major transporter of fats and cholesterol in the human body. They play a key role in the regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular events. Lipoproteins can be modified and manipulated to act as drug delivery systems or nanocarriers for contrast agents. In particular, high density lipoproteins (HDL), which are the smallest class of lipoproteins, can be synthetically engineered either as nascent HDL nanodiscs or spherical HDL nanoparticles. Reconstituted HDL (rHDL) particles are formed by self-assembly of various lipids and apolipoprotein AI (apo-AI). A variety of substances including drugs, nucleic acids, signal emitting molecules, or dyes can be loaded, making them efficient nanocarriers for therapeutic applications or medical diagnostics. This review provides an overview about synthesis techniques, physicochemical properties of rHDL nanoparticles, and structural determinants for rHDL function. We discuss recent developments utilizing either apo-AI or apo-AI mimetic peptides for the design of pharmaceutical rHDL formulations. Advantages, limitations, challenges, and prospects for clinical translation are evaluated with a special focus on promising strategies for the treatment and diagnosis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kornmueller
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ivan Vidakovic
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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21
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Sarhadi S, Ganjali S, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. The role of high-density lipoproteins in antitumor drug delivery. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1442-1452. [PMID: 31290612 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are the smallest lipoprotein with the highest level of protein in their surface. The main role of HDLs are reverse transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver. More recently, HDLs have been considered as a new drug delivery system because of their small size, proper surface properties, long circulation time, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immune stimulation. Delivery of anticancer drug to the tumor tissue is a major obstacle against successful chemotherapy, which is because of the toxicity and poor aqueous solubility of these drugs. Loading chemotherapeutic drugs in the lipid core of HDLs can overcome the aforementioned problems and increase the efficiency of drug delivery. In this review, we discuss the use of HDLs particles in drug delivery to the tumor tissue and explain some barriers and limitations that exist in the use of HDLs as an ideal delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Sarhadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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22
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Henrich SE, Hong BJ, Rink JS, Nguyen ST, Thaxton CS. Supramolecular Assembly of High-Density Lipoprotein Mimetic Nanoparticles Using Lipid-Conjugated Core Scaffolds. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9753-9757. [PMID: 31177775 PMCID: PMC6812518 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic high-density lipoprotein (HDL) mimics have emerged as promising therapeutic agents. However, approaches to date have been unable to reproduce key features of spherical HDLs, which are the most abundant human HDL species. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of spherical HDL mimics using lipid-conjugated organic core scaffolds. The core design motif constrains and orients phospholipid geometry to facilitate the assembly of soft-core nanoparticles that are approximately 10 nm in diameter and resemble human HDLs in their size, shape, surface chemistry, composition, and protein secondary structure. These particles execute salient HDL functions, including efflux of cholesterol from macrophages, cholesterol delivery to hepatocytes, support lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity, and suppress inflammation. These results represent a significant step toward a genuine functional mimic of human HDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E. Henrich
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Bong Jin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jonathan S. Rink
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - SonBinh T. Nguyen
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - C. Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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23
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Henrich SE, Thaxton CS. An update on synthetic high-density lipoprotein-like nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:515-528. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1624529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E. Henrich
- Department of Urology, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C. Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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24
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Pottash AE, Kuffner C, Noonan-Shueh M, Jay SM. Protein-based vehicles for biomimetic RNAi delivery. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:19. [PMID: 30891095 PMCID: PMC6390323 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad translational success of RNA interference (RNAi) technology depends on the development of effective delivery approaches. To that end, researchers have developed a variety of strategies, including chemical modification of RNA, viral and non-viral transfection approaches, and incorporation with delivery vehicles such as polymer- and lipid-based nanoparticles, engineered and native proteins, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and others. Among these, EVs and protein-based vehicles stand out as biomimetically-inspired approaches, as both proteins (e.g. Apolipoprotein A-1, Argonaute 2, and Arc) and EVs mediate intercellular RNA transfer physiologically. Proteins specifically offer significant therapeutic potential due to their biophysical and biochemical properties as well as their ability to facilitate and tolerate manipulation; these characteristics have made proteins highly successful translational therapeutic molecules in the last two decades. This review covers engineered protein vehicles for RNAi delivery along with what is currently known about naturally-occurring extracellular RNA carriers towards uncovering design rules that will inform future engineering of protein-based vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Eli Pottash
- 1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Christopher Kuffner
- 1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Madeleine Noonan-Shueh
- 1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Steven M Jay
- 1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA.,2Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.,3Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
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25
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Abstract
Biomolecule-nanoparticle hybrids have proven to be one of most promising frontiers in biomedical research. In recent years, there has been an increased focus on the development of hybrid lipid-nanoparticle complexes (HLNCs) which inherit unique properties of both the inorganic nanoparticles and the lipid assemblies (i.e. liposomes, lipoproteins, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions) that comprise them. In combination of their component parts, HLNCs also gain new functionalities which are utilized for numerous biomedical applications (i.e. stimuli-triggered drug release, photothermal therapy, and bioimaging). The localization of nanoparticles within the lipid assemblies largely dictates the attributes and functionalities of the hybrid complexes and are classified as such: (i) liposomes with surface-bound nanoparticles, (ii) liposomes with bilayer-embedded nanoparticles, (iii) liposomes with core-encapsulated nanoparticles, (iv) lipid assemblies with hydrophobic core-encapsulated nanoparticles, and (v) lipid bilayer-coated nanoparticles. Herein, we review the properties of each hybrid and the rational design of HLNCs for biomedical applications as reported by recent investigations. Future directions in advancing and expanding the scope of HLNCs are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Vargas
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California 90840-9507, USA
| | - Young-Seok Shon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California 90840-9507, USA
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26
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Biosynthesis and Potential Applications of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles and Their Chitosan-Based Nanocomposites in Nanomedicine. JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/4290705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesized or biogenic metallic nanoparticles, particularly silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively), have been increasingly used because of their advantages, including high stability and loading capacity; moreover, these nanoparticles are synthesized using a green and cost-effective method. Previous studies have investigated reducing and/or stabilizing agents from various biological sources, including plants, microorganisms, and marine-derived products, using either a one-pot or a multistep process at different conditions. In addition, extensive studies have been performed to determine the biological or pharmacological effects of these nanoparticles, such as antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. In the recent years, chitosan, a natural cationic polysaccharide, has been increasingly investigated as a reducing and/or stabilizing agent in the synthesis of biogenic metallic nanoparticles with potential applications in nanomedicine. Here, we have reviewed the mechanism of biosynthesis and potential applications of AgNPs and AuNPs and their chitosan-mediated nanocomposites in nanomedicine.
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27
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Valcourt DM, Harris J, Riley RS, Dang M, Wang J, Day ES. Advances in targeted nanotherapeutics: From bioconjugation to biomimicry. NANO RESEARCH 2018; 11:4999-5016. [PMID: 31772723 PMCID: PMC6879063 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-018-2083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of cancer nanomedicine, researchers have had intense interest in developing nanoparticles (NPs) that can specifically target diseased sites while avoiding healthy tissue to mitigate the off-target effects seen with conventional treatments like chemotherapy. Initial endeavors focused on the bioconjugation of targeting agents to NPs, and more recently, researchers have begun to develop biomimetic NP platforms that can avoid immune recognition to maximally accumulate in tumors. In this review, we describe the advantages and limitations of each of these targeting strategies. First, we review developments in bioconjugation strategies, where NPs are coated with biomolecules such as antibodies, aptamers, peptides, and small molecules to enable cell-specific binding. While bioconjugated NPs offer many exciting features and have improved pharmacokinetics and biodistribution relative to unmodified NPs, they are still recognized by the body as "foreign", resulting in their clearance by the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). To overcome this limitation, researchers have recently begun to investigate biomimetic approaches that can hide NPs from immune recognition and reduce clearance by the MPS. These biomimetic NPs fall into two distinct categories: synthetic NPs that present naturally occurring structures, and NPs that are completely disguised by natural structures. Overall, bioconjugated and biomimetic NPs have substantial potential to improve upon conventional treatments by reducing off-target effects through site-specific delivery, and they show great promise for future standards of care. Here, we provide a summary of each strategy, discuss considerations for their design moving forward, and highlight their potential clinical impact on cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Valcourt
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jenna Harris
- 201 DuPont Hall, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Rachel S Riley
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Megan Dang
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jianxin Wang
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Emily S Day
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- 201 DuPont Hall, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- 4701 Ogletown Stanton Road, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE 19713, USA
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28
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Li B, Wang F, Gui L, He Q, Yao Y, Chen H. The potential of biomimetic nanoparticles for tumor-targeted drug delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2099-2118. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington WA 98195, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lijuan Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Lane, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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29
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Non-Covalent Associates of siRNAs and AuNPs Enveloped with Lipid Layer and Doped with Amphiphilic Peptide for Efficient siRNA Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072096. [PMID: 30029512 PMCID: PMC6073485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elaboration of non-viral vehicles for delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids, in particular siRNA, into a cell is an actively growing field. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) occupy a noticeable place in these studies, and various nanoconstructions containing AuNPs are reported. We aimed our work to the rational design of AuNPs-based siRNA delivery vehicle with enhanced transfection efficiency. We optimized the obtaining of non-covalent siRNAs-AuNPs cores: ionic strength, temperature and reaction time were determined. Formation of cores was confirmed using gel electrophoresis. Stable associates were prepared, and then enveloped into a lipid layer composed of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and novel pH-sensitive lipidoid. The constructions were modified with [Str-(RL)4G-NH2] peptide (the resulting construction). All intermediate and resulting nanoconstructions were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to control their physico-chemical properties. To examine the biological effect of the delivery vehicle, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing human embryonic kidney (HEK) Phoenix cells were incubated with the resulting construction containing anti-GFP siRNA, with the siRNA effect being studied by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Transfection of the cells with the resulting construction reduced the GFP fluorescence as efficiently as Lipofectamin 3000. Thus, siRNA vehicle based on non-covalently bound siRNA-AuNP core and enveloped into a lipid layer provides efficient delivery of siRNA into a cell followed by specific gene silencing.
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30
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Shen N, Yan F, Pang J, Gao Z, Al-Kali A, Haynes CL, Litzow MR, Liu S. HDL-AuNPs-BMS Nanoparticle Conjugates as Molecularly Targeted Therapy for Leukemia. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14454-14462. [PMID: 29668254 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with adsorbed high-density lipoprotein (HDL) have been utilized to deliver oligonucleotides, yet HDL-AuNPs functionalized with small-molecule inhibitors have not been systematically explored. Here, we report an AuNP-based therapeutic system (HDL-AuNPs-BMS) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by delivering BMS309403 (BMS), a small molecule that selectively inhibits AML-promoting factor fatty acid-binding protein 4. To synthesize HDL-AuNPs-BMS, we use AuNP as a template to control conjugate size ensuring a spherical shape to engineer HDL-like nanoparticles containing BMS. The zeta potential and size of the HDL-AuNPs obtained from transmission electron microscopy demonstrate that the HDL-AuNPs-BMS are electrostatically stable and 25 nm in diameter. Functionally, compared to free drug, HDL-AuNPs-BMS conjugates are more readily internalized by AML cells and have more pronounced effects on downregulation of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), induction of DNA hypomethylation, and restoration of epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor p15INK4B coupled with AML growth arrest. Importantly, systemic administration of HDL-AuNPs-BMS conjugates into AML-bearing mice inhibits DNMT1-dependent DNA methylation, induces AML cell differentiation, and diminishes AML disease progression without obvious side effects. In summary, these data, for the first time, demonstrate HDL-AuNPs as an effective delivery platform with great potential to attach distinct inhibitors and HDL-AuNPs-BMS conjugates as a promising therapeutic platform to treat leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Shen
- The Hormel Institute , University of Minnesota , Austin , Minnesota 55912 , United States
| | - Fei Yan
- The Hormel Institute , University of Minnesota , Austin , Minnesota 55912 , United States
| | - Jiuxia Pang
- The Hormel Institute , University of Minnesota , Austin , Minnesota 55912 , United States
| | - Zhe Gao
- Department of Chemistry , College of Science and Engineering , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Aref Al-Kali
- Division of Hematology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , Minnesota 55905 , United States
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry , College of Science and Engineering , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Mark R Litzow
- Division of Hematology , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , Minnesota 55905 , United States
| | - Shujun Liu
- The Hormel Institute , University of Minnesota , Austin , Minnesota 55912 , United States
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31
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Lipoproteins for therapeutic delivery: recent advances and future opportunities. Ther Deliv 2018; 9:257-268. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2017-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological role(s) of mammalian plasma lipoproteins is to transport hydrophobic molecules (primarily cholesterol and triacylglycerols) to their respective destinations. Lipoproteins have also been studied as drug-delivery agents due to their advantageous payload capacity, long residence time in the circulation and biocompatibility. The purpose of this review is to briefly discuss current findings with the focus on each type of formulation's potential for clinical applications. Regarding utilizing lipoprotein type formulation for cancer therapeutics, their potential for tumor-selective delivery is also discussed.
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32
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Rink JS, Sun W, Misener S, Wang JJ, Zhang ZJ, Kibbe MR, Dravid VP, Venkatraman S, Thaxton CS. Nitric Oxide-Delivering High-Density Lipoprotein-like Nanoparticles as a Biomimetic Nanotherapy for Vascular Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:6904-6916. [PMID: 29385802 PMCID: PMC8495904 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of blood vessels cause a range of severe health problems. As a powerful vasodilator and cellular second messenger, nitric oxide (NO) is known to have beneficial vascular functions. However, NO typically has a short half-life and is not specifically targeted. On the other hand, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are targeted natural nanoparticles (NPs) that transport cholesterol in the systemic circulation and whose protective effects in vascular homeostasis overlap with those of NO. Evolving the AuNP-templated HDL-like nanoparticles (HDL NPs), a platform of bioinspired HDL, we set up a targeted biomimetic nanotherapy for vascular disease that combines the functions of NO and HDL. A synthetic S-nitrosylated (SNO) phospholipid (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphonitrosothioethanol) was synthesized and assembled with S-containing phospholipids and the principal protein of HDL, apolipoprotein A-I, to construct NO-delivering HDL-like particles (SNO HDL NPs). SNO HDL NPs self-assemble under mild conditions similar to natural processes, avoiding the complex postassembly modification needed for most synthetic NO-release nanoparticles. In vitro data demonstrate that the SNO HDL NPs merge the functional properties of NO and HDL into a targeted nanocarrier. Also, SNO HDL NPs were demonstrated to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo in a mouse kidney transplant model and atherosclerotic plaque burden in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Thus, the synthesis of SNO HDL NPs provides not only a bioinspired nanotherapy for vascular disease but also a foundation to construct diversified multifunctional platforms based on HDL NPs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S. Rink
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Wangqiang Sun
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Sol Misener
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Jiao-Jing Wang
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, 303 East Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Zheng Jenny Zhang
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, 303 East Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Melina R. Kibbe
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Surgery, 101 Manning Dr., Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Vinayak P. Dravid
- Northwestern University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
- Northwestern University, Applied Physics Program, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
- Northwestern University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, IL60208, United States
| | - Subbu Venkatraman
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798
| | - C. Shad Thaxton
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, IL60208, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
- Corresponding Author
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33
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Wang P, Zhang L, Zheng W, Cong L, Guo Z, Xie Y, Wang L, Tang R, Feng Q, Hamada Y, Gonda K, Hu Z, Wu X, Jiang X. Thermo-triggered Release of CRISPR-Cas9 System by Lipid-Encapsulated Gold Nanoparticles for Tumor Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1491-1496. [PMID: 29282854 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful toolbox for gene editing. However, the low delivery efficiency is still a big hurdle impeding its applications. Herein, we report a strategy to deliver Cas9-sgPlk-1 plasmids (CP) by a multifunctional vehicle for tumor therapy. We condensed CPs on TAT peptide-modified Au nanoparticles (AuNPs/CP, ACP) via electrostatic interactions, and coated lipids (DOTAP, DOPE, cholesterol, PEG2000-DSPE) on the ACP to form lipid-encapsulated, AuNPs-condensed CP (LACP). LACP can enter tumor cells and release CP into the cytosol by laser-triggered thermo-effects of the AuNPs; the CP can enter nuclei by TAT guidance, enabling effective knock-outs of target gene (Plk-1) of tumor (melanoma) and inhibition of the tumor both in vitro and in vivo. This AuNPs-condensed, lipid-encapsulated, and laser-controlled delivery system provides a versatile method for high efficiency CRISPR/Cas9 delivery and targeted gene editing for treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lingmin Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Third & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Wenfu Zheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liman Cong
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Zhaorong Guo
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yangzhouyun Xie
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Le Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Rongbing Tang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yoh Hamada
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Gonda
- Department of Nano-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Zhijian Hu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11, BeiYiTiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing, 100190, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Third & Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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34
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Bell JB, Rink JS, Eckerdt F, Clymer J, Goldman S, Thaxton CS, Platanias LC. HDL nanoparticles targeting sonic hedgehog subtype medulloblastoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1211. [PMID: 29352211 PMCID: PMC5775338 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common paediatric malignant brain cancer and there is a need for new targeted therapeutic approaches to more effectively treat these malignant tumours, which can be divided into four molecular subtypes. Here, we focus on targeting sonic hedgehog (SHH) subtype medulloblastoma, which accounts for approximately 25% of all cases. The SHH subtype relies upon cholesterol signalling for tumour growth and maintenance of tumour-initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs). To target cholesterol signalling, we employed biomimetic high-density lipoprotein nanoparticles (HDL NPs) which bind to the HDL receptor, scavenger receptor type B-1 (SCARB1), depriving cells of natural HDL and their cholesterol cargo. We demonstrate uptake of HDL NPs in SCARB1 expressing medulloblastoma cells and depletion of cholesterol levels in cancer cells. HDL NPs potently blocked proliferation of medulloblastoma cells, as well as hedgehog-driven Ewing sarcoma cells. Furthermore, HDL NPs disrupted colony formation in medulloblastoma and depleted CSC populations in medulloblastoma and Ewing sarcoma. Altogether, our findings provide proof of principle for the development of a novel targeted approach for the treatment of medulloblastoma using HDL NPs. These findings present HDL-mimetic nanoparticles as a promising therapy for sonic hedgehog (SHH) subtype medulloblastoma and possibly other hedgehog-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Bell
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Lurie 3-125, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
| | - Jonathan S Rink
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Lurie 3-125, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States.,Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States.,Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI) for BioNanotechnology, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
| | - Frank Eckerdt
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Lurie 3-125, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
| | - Jessica Clymer
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Lurie 3-125, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States.,Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
| | - Stewart Goldman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Lurie 3-125, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States.,Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States.,Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI) for BioNanotechnology, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Lurie 3-125, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL, 60611, United States. .,Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, 820S. Damen Ave., Chicago, IL, 60612, United States.
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35
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Wang P, Zhang L, Zheng W, Cong L, Guo Z, Xie Y, Wang L, Tang R, Feng Q, Hamada Y, Gonda K, Hu Z, Wu X, Jiang X. Thermo-triggered Release of CRISPR-Cas9 System by Lipid-Encapsulated Gold Nanoparticles for Tumor Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Lingmin Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Third & Fifth Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong 511436 China
| | - Wenfu Zheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Liman Cong
- Department of Nano-Medical Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Zhaorong Guo
- Department of Nano-Medical Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yangzhouyun Xie
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Le Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Rongbing Tang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Qiang Feng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yoh Hamada
- Department of Nano-Medical Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Kohsuke Gonda
- Department of Nano-Medical Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Zhijian Hu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience; Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology; CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for NanoScience and Technology; No. 11, BeiYiTiao ZhongGuanCun Beijing 100190 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Third & Fifth Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong 511436 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
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36
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Rink JS, Yang S, Cen O, Taxter T, McMahon KM, Misener S, Behdad A, Longnecker R, Gordon LI, Thaxton CS. Rational Targeting of Cellular Cholesterol in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Enabled by Functional Lipoprotein Nanoparticles: A Therapeutic Strategy Dependent on Cell of Origin. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4042-4051. [PMID: 28933554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells have altered metabolism and, in some cases, an increased demand for cholesterol. It is important to identify novel, rational treatments based on biology, and cellular cholesterol metabolism as a potential target for cancer is an innovative approach. Toward this end, we focused on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as a model because there is differential cholesterol biosynthesis driven by B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in germinal center (GC) versus activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL. To specifically target cellular cholesterol homeostasis, we employed high-density lipoprotein-like nanoparticles (HDL NP) that can generally reduce cellular cholesterol by targeting and blocking cholesterol uptake through the high-affinity HDL receptor, scavenger receptor type B-1 (SCARB1). As we previously reported, GC DLBCL are exquisitely sensitive to HDL NP as monotherapy, while ABC DLBCL are less sensitive. Herein, we report that enhanced BCR signaling and resultant de novo cholesterol synthesis in ABC DLBCL drastically reduces the ability of HDL NPs to reduce cellular cholesterol and induce cell death. Therefore, we combined HDL NP with the BCR signaling inhibitor ibrutinib and the SYK inhibitor R406. By targeting both cellular cholesterol uptake and BCR-associated de novo cholesterol synthesis, we achieved cellular cholesterol reduction and induced apoptosis in otherwise resistant ABC DLBCL cell lines. These results in lymphoma demonstrate that reduction of cellular cholesterol is a powerful mechanism to induce apoptosis. Cells rich in cholesterol require HDL NP therapy to reduce uptake and molecularly targeted agents that inhibit upstream pathways that stimulate de novo cholesterol synthesis, thus, providing a new paradigm for rationally targeting cholesterol metabolism as therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Rink
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Urology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Northwestern University , Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Shuo Yang
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Osman Cen
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Tim Taxter
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Pathology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Developmental Therapeutic Institute, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Kaylin M McMahon
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Urology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Northwestern University , Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Developmental Therapeutic Institute, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Sol Misener
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Urology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Amir Behdad
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Pathology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Richard Longnecker
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Leo I Gordon
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine , Department of Urology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Northwestern University , Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Northwestern University , International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN), Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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37
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Lu J, Zhao Y, Zhou X, He JH, Yang Y, Jiang C, Qi Z, Zhang W, Liu J. Biofunctional Polymer–Lipid Hybrid High-Density Lipoprotein-Mimicking Nanoparticles Loading Anti-miR155 for Combined Antiatherogenic Effects on Macrophages. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2286-2295. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoju Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Jian Hua He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Zitong Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
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38
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McMahon KM, Scielzo C, Angeloni NL, Deiss-Yehiely E, Scarfo L, Ranghetti P, Ma S, Kaplan J, Barbaglio F, Gordon LI, Giles FJ, Thaxton CS, Ghia P. Synthetic high-density lipoproteins as targeted monotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11219-11227. [PMID: 28061439 PMCID: PMC5355259 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains incurable despite the introduction of new drugs. Therapies targeting receptors and pathways active specifically in malignant B cells might provide better treatment options. For instance, in B cell lymphoma, our group has previously shown that scavenger receptor type B-1 (SR-B1), the high-affinity receptor for cholesterol-rich high-density lipoproteins (HDL), is a therapeutic target. As evidence suggests that targeting cholesterol metabolism in CLL cells may have therapeutic benefit, we examined SR-B1 expression in primary CLL cells from patients. Unlike normal B cells that do not express SR-B1, CLL cells express the receptor. As a result, we evaluated cholesterol-poor synthetic HDL nanoparticles (HDL NP), known for targeting SR-B1, as a therapy for CLL. HDL NPs potently and selectively induce apoptotic cell death in primary CLL cells. HDL NPs had no effect on normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals or patients with CLL. These data implicate SR-B1 as a target in CLL and HDL NPs as targeted monotherapy for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin M McMahon
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Tarry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cristina Scielzo
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Strategic Research Program On CLL and Unit of B cell Neoplasia, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicholas L Angeloni
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Tarry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elad Deiss-Yehiely
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Tarry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lydia Scarfo
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Strategic Research Program On CLL and Unit of B cell Neoplasia, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Ranghetti
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Strategic Research Program On CLL and Unit of B cell Neoplasia, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Shuo Ma
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason Kaplan
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Developmental Therapeutics Program of The Division of Hematology Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Federica Barbaglio
- Strategic Research Program On CLL and Unit of B cell Neoplasia, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Leo I Gordon
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francis J Giles
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Developmental Therapeutics Program of The Division of Hematology Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Tarry, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI) for BioNanotechnology, Chicago, IL, USA.,International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Strategic Research Program On CLL and Unit of B cell Neoplasia, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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39
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Petrache AI, Machin DC, Williamson DJ, Webb ME, Beales PA. Sortase-mediated labelling of lipid nanodiscs for cellular tracing. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:1760-3. [PMID: 27075883 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00126b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lipid nanodiscs have broad applications in membrane protein assays, biotechnology and materials science. Chemical modification of the nanodiscs to expand their functional attributes is generally desirable for all of these uses. We present a method for site-selective labelling of the N-terminus of the nanodisc's membrane scaffold protein (MSP) using the Sortase A protein. Labelling of the MSP was achieved when assembled within the lipid nanodisc architecture, demonstrating that this method can be used as a retrofit approach to modification of preformed nanodiscs before or during application. We label the MSP with a fluorescent fluorescein moiety and use them to image nanodisc uptake into HeLa cells. The Sortase A labelling method could be employed as a general approach to labelling nanodiscs with application-specific functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ivona Petrache
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Darren C Machin
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Daniel J Williamson
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Michael E Webb
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Paul A Beales
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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40
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Molinaro R, Boada C, Del Rosal GM, Hartman KA, Corbo C, Andrews ED, Toledano-Furman NE, Cooke JP, Tasciotti E. Vascular Inflammation: A Novel Access Route for Nanomedicine. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2017; 12:169-174. [PMID: 27826372 DOI: 10.14797/mdcj-12-3-169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite an improved understanding of its pathophysiology and a wide range of new treatments, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a serious public health issue and the number one cause of mortality in the United States. Conditions that promote chronic systemic inflammation, such as obesity, cancer, and autoimmune and infectious diseases, are now known to play an important role in promoting CVD by inducing the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and chemokines; these in turn promote leukocyte adherence and infiltration, which initiates and spurs the progression of CVD. In response to this new understanding, researchers are evaluating the potential cardiovascular benefits of new-generation therapies based on endogenous molecules with anti-inflammatory properties. Similarly, targeted approaches that leverage the phenotypic differences between non-inflamed and inflamed endothelia have the potential to selectively deliver therapeutics and decrease the morbidity and mortality of CVD patients. In this review, we discuss the role of inflammation in CVD and explore the therapeutic potential of targeting inflamed vasculature through conventional and biomimetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Boada
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | | | | | - Claudia Corbo
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas; CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a.r.l., Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - John P Cooke
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
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41
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Lai CT, Sun W, Palekar RU, Thaxton CS, Schatz GC. Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Studies of Gold Nanoparticle Templated HDL-like Nanoparticles for Cholesterol Metabolism Therapeutics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:1247-1254. [PMID: 28001031 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays an important role in the transport and metabolism of cholesterol. Mimics of HDL are being explored as potentially powerful therapeutic agents for removing excess cholesterol from arterial plaques. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with apolipoprotein A-I and with the lipids 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate] have been demonstrated to be robust acceptors of cellular cholesterol. However, detailed structural information about this functionalized HDL AuNP is still lacking. In this study, we have used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and lecithin/cholesterol acyltransferase activation experiments together with coarse-grained and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to model the structure and cholesterol uptake properties of the HDL AuNP construct. By simulating different apolipoprotein-loaded AuNPs, we find that lipids are oriented differently in regions with and without apoA-I. We also show that in this functionalized HDL AuNP, the distribution of cholesteryl ester maintains a reverse concentration gradient that is similar to the gradient found in native HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tsung Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wangqiang Sun
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology , 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Rohun U Palekar
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology , 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology , 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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42
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Mooberry LK, Sabnis NA, Panchoo M, Nagarajan B, Lacko AG. Targeting the SR-B1 Receptor as a Gateway for Cancer Therapy and Imaging. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:466. [PMID: 28018216 PMCID: PMC5156841 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors display remarkable heterogeneity to the extent that even at the same tissue site different types of cells with varying genetic background may be found. In contrast, a relatively consistent marker the scavenger receptor type B1 (SR-B1) has been found to be consistently overexpressed by most tumor cells. Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI) is a high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor that facilitates the uptake of cholesterol esters from circulating lipoproteins. Additional findings suggest a critical role for SR-BI in cholesterol metabolism, signaling, motility, and proliferation of cancer cells and thus a potential major impact in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Recent findings indicate that the level of SR-BI expression correlate with aggressiveness and poor survival in breast and prostate cancer. Moreover, genomic data show that depending on the type of cancer, high or low SR-BI expression may promote poor survival. This review discusses the importance of SR-BI as a diagnostic as well as prognostic indicator of cancer to help elucidate the contributions of this protein to cancer development, progression, and survival. In addition, the SR-B1 receptor has been shown to serve as a potential gateway for the delivery of therapeutic agents when reconstituted high density lipoprotein nanoparticles are used for their transport to cancer cells and tumors. Opportunities for the development of new technologies, particularly in the areas of cancer therapy and tumor imaging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda K. Mooberry
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort WorthTX, USA
| | - Nirupama A. Sabnis
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort WorthTX, USA
| | - Marlyn Panchoo
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort WorthTX, USA
| | - Bhavani Nagarajan
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort WorthTX, USA
| | - Andras G. Lacko
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort WorthTX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort WorthTX, USA
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43
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Mo ZC, Ren K, Liu X, Tang ZL, Yi GH. A high-density lipoprotein-mediated drug delivery system. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:132-147. [PMID: 27208399 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a comparatively dense and small lipoprotein that can carry lipids as a multifunctional aggregate in plasma. Several studies have shown that increasing the levels or improving the functionality of HDL is a promising target for treating a wide variety of diseases. Among lipoproteins, HDL particles possess unique physicochemical properties, including naturally synthesized physiological components, amphipathic apolipoproteins, lipid-loading and hydrophobic agent-incorporating characteristics, specific protein-protein interactions, heterogeneity, nanoparticles, and smaller size. Recently, the feasibility and superiority of using HDL particles as drug delivery vehicles have been of great interest. In this review, we summarize the structure, constituents, biogenesis, remodeling, and reconstitution of HDL drug delivery systems, focusing on their delivery capability, characteristics, applications, manufacturing, and drug-loading and drug-targeting characteristics. Finally, the future prospects are presented regarding the clinical application and challenges of using HDL as a pharmacodelivery carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Cheng Mo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Kun Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xing Liu
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, 100005 Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Li Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang City 421001, Hunan Province, China.
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44
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McMahon KM, Plebanek MP, Thaxton CS. Properties of Native High-Density Lipoproteins Inspire Synthesis of Actively Targeted In Vivo siRNA Delivery Vehicles. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2016; 26:7824-7835. [PMID: 28717350 PMCID: PMC5510894 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201602600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Efficient systemic administration of therapeutic short interfering RNA (siRNA) is challenging. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are natural in vivo RNA delivery vehicles. Specifically, native HDLs: 1) Load single-stranded RNA; 2) Are anionic, which requires charge reconciliation between the RNA and HDL, and 3) Actively target scavenger receptor type B-1 (SR-B1) to deliver RNA. Emphasizing these particular parameters, we employed templated lipoprotein particles (TLP), mimics of spherical HDLs, and self-assembled them with single-stranded complements of, presumably, any highly unmodified siRNA duplex pair after formulation with a cationic lipid. Resulting siRNA templated lipoprotein particles (siRNA-TLP) are anionic and tunable with regard to RNA assembly and function. Data demonstrate that the siRNA-TLPs actively target SR-B1 to potently reduce androgen receptor (AR) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) proteins in multiple cancer cell lines. Systemic administration of siRNA-TLPs demonstrated no off-target toxicity and significantly reduced the growth of prostate cancer xenografts. Thus, native HDLs inspired the synthesis of a hybrid siRNA delivery vehicle that can modularly load single-stranded RNA complements after charge reconciliation with a cationic lipid, and that function due to active targeting of SR-B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin M McMahon
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michael P Plebanek
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Walter S. and Lucienne Driskill Graduate Training Program in Life Sciences, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Simpson Querrey Institute (SQI) for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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45
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Thaxton CS, Rink JS, Naha PC, Cormode DP. Lipoproteins and lipoprotein mimetics for imaging and drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 106:116-131. [PMID: 27133387 PMCID: PMC5086317 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipoproteins are a set of natural nanoparticles whose main role is the transport of fats within the body. While much work has been done to develop synthetic nanocarriers to deliver drugs or contrast media, natural nanoparticles such as lipoproteins represent appealing alternatives. Lipoproteins are biocompatible, biodegradable, non-immunogenic and are naturally targeted to some disease sites. Lipoproteins can be modified to act as contrast agents in many ways, such as by insertion of gold cores to provide contrast for computed tomography. They can be loaded with drugs, nucleic acids, photosensitizers or boron to act as therapeutics. Attachment of ligands can re-route lipoproteins to new targets. These attributes render lipoproteins attractive and versatile delivery vehicles. In this review we will provide background on lipoproteins, then survey their roles as contrast agents, in drug and nucleic acid delivery, as well as in photodynamic therapy and boron neutron capture therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan S Rink
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pratap C Naha
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David P Cormode
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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46
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Abstract
microRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs (sRNA) that post-transcriptionally regulate gene (mRNA) expression and are implicated in many biological processes and diseases. Many miRNAs have been reported to be altered in cardiovascular disease (CVD); both cellular and extracellular miRNA levels are affected by hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. We and other groups have reported that lipoproteins transport miRNAs in circulation and these lipoprotein signatures are significantly altered in hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease (CAD). Extracellular miRNAs are a new class of potential biomarkers for CVD; however, they may also be new drug targets as high-density lipoproteins (HDL) transfer functional miRNAs to recipient cells in an endocrine-like form of intercellular communication that likely suppresses vascular inflammation. Recently, RNA-based drugs have emerged as the next frontier in drug therapy, and there are many miRNA inhibitors and mimics in clinical development. Here, we discuss specific miRNA drug targets and how their manipulation may impact CVD. We also address the potential for manipulating HDL-miRNA levels to treat CVD and the use of HDL as a delivery vehicle for RNA and chemical drugs. Finally, we outline the current and future challenges for HDL and miRNA-based therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Michell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Kasey C Vickers
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
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47
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Almer G, Mangge H, Zimmer A, Prassl R. Lipoprotein-Related and Apolipoprotein-Mediated Delivery Systems for Drug Targeting and Imaging. Curr Med Chem 2016; 22:3631-51. [PMID: 26180001 PMCID: PMC5403973 DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666150716114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The integration of lipoprotein-related or apolipoprotein-targeted nanoparticles as pharmaceutical carriers opens new therapeutic and diagnostic avenues in nanomedicine. The concept is to exploit the intrinsic characteristics of lipoprotein particles as being the natural transporter of apolar lipids and fat in human circulation. Discrete lipoprotein assemblies and lipoprotein-based biomimetics offer a versatile nanoparticle platform that can be manipulated and tuned for specific medical applications. This article reviews the possibilities for constructing drug loaded, reconstituted or artificial lipoprotein particles. The advantages and limitations of lipoproteinbased delivery systems are critically evaluated and potential future challenges, especially concerning targeting specificity, concepts for lipoprotein rerouting and design of innovative lipoprotein mimetic particles using apolipoprotein sequences as targeting moieties are discussed. Finally, the review highlights potential medical applications for lipoprotein-based nanoparticle systems in the fields of cardiovascular research, cancer therapy, gene delivery and brain targeting focusing on representative examples from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ruth Prassl
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/6, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Wang R, Gu X, Zhou J, Shen L, Yin L, Hua P, Ding Y. Green design “bioinspired disassembly-reassembly strategy” applied for improved tumor-targeted anticancer drug delivery. J Control Release 2016; 235:134-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sun W, Wu W, McMahon KM, Rink JS, Thaxton CS. Mosaic Interdigitated Structure in Nanoparticle-Templated Phospholipid Bilayer Supports Partial Lipidation of Apolipoprotein A-I. PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION : MEASUREMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR IN POWDERS AND OTHER DISPERSE SYSTEMS 2016; 33:300-305. [PMID: 28781432 PMCID: PMC5544021 DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.201600032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Using gold nanoparticle-templated high-density lipoprotein-like particles as a model, the nanoparticle-templated phospholipid bilayer is studied from the bottom-up. Data support the phospholipids have a mosaic interdigitated structure. The discontinuous lipid milieu supports partial lipidation of apolipoprotein A-I, different from an ordinary phospholipid bilayer, suggesting that synergy between nanoparticle templates and bound phospholipid layers can modulate amphiphilic proteins for desired functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangqiang Sun
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States; School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Weiqiang Wu
- Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes and Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Evanston, IL 60208, United States; Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Kaylin M McMahon
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Jonathan S Rink
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - C Shad Thaxton
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States; Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States; International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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A dual-targeting drug co-delivery system for tumor chemo- and gene combined therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 64:208-218. [PMID: 27127046 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of gene expression using p53 is a promising strategy for treatment of numerous cancers, and chemotherapeutic drug dichloroacetate (DCA) induces apoptosis and growth inhibition in tumor, without apparent toxicity in normal tissues. Combining DCA and p53 gene could be an effective way to treat tumors. The progress towards broad applications of DCA/p53 combination requires the development of safe and efficient vectors that target to specific cells. In this study, we developed a DSPE-PEG-AA (1,2-distearoryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethyleneglycol-2000)] ammonium salt-anisamide) modified reconstituted high-density lipoprotein-based DCA/p53-loaded nanoparticles (DSPE-PEG-AA/rHDL/DCA-PEI/p53 complexes), which was fabricated as a drug/gene dual-targeting co-delivery system for potential cancer therapy. Here, DCA-PEI was utilized to effectively condense the p53 plasmid, to incorporate the plasmid into rHDL and to act as an antitumor drug to inhibit tumor cell growth. The DSPE-PEG-AA/rHDL/DCA-PEI/p53 complexes exhibited desirable and homogenous particle size, neutral surface charge and low cytotoxicity for normal cells in vitro. The results of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry confirmed that the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) and sigma receptor mediated dual-targeting function of the complexes inducing efficient cytoplasmic drug delivery and gene transfection in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. And in vivo investigation on nude mice bearing A549 tumor xenografts revealed that DSPE-PEG-AA/rHDL/DCA-PEI/p53 complexes possessed specific tumor targeting and strong antitumor activity. The work described here demonstrated that the DSPE-PEG-AA/rHDL/DCA-PEI/p53 complexes might offer a promising tool for effective cancer therapy.
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