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Park W, Kim EM, Jeon Y, Lee J, Yi J, Jeong J, Kim B, Jeong BG, Kim DR, Kong H, Lee CH. Transparent Intracellular Sensing Platform with Si Needles for Simultaneous Live Imaging. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25014-25026. [PMID: 38059775 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Vertically ordered Si needles are of particular interest for long-term intracellular recording owing to their capacity to infiltrate living cells with negligible damage and minimal toxicity. Such intracellular recordings could greatly benefit from simultaneous live cell imaging without disrupting their culture, contributing to an in-depth understanding of cellular function and activity. However, the use of standard live imaging techniques, such as inverted and confocal microscopy, is currently impeded by the opacity of Si wafers, typically employed for fabricating vertical Si needles. Here, we introduce a transparent intracellular sensing platform that combines vertical Si needles with a percolated network of Au-Ag nanowires on a transparent elastomeric substrate. This sensing platform meets all prerequisites for simultaneous intracellular recording and imaging, including electrochemical impedance, optical transparency, mechanical compliance, and cell viability. Proof-of-concept demonstrations of this sensing platform include monitoring electrical potentials in cardiomyocyte cells and in three-dimensionally engineered cardiovascular tissue, all while conducting live imaging with inverted and confocal microscopes. This sensing platform holds wide-ranging potential applications for intracellular research across various disciplines such as neuroscience, cardiology, muscle physiology, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woohyun Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yale Jeon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsang Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jonghun Yi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinheon Jeong
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Bongjoong Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Mechanical and System Design Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Guk Jeong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Dong Rip Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chi Hwan Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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2
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Yu D, Nie Q, Xue J, Luo R, Xie S, Chao S, Wang E, Xu L, Shan Y, Liu Z, Li Y, Li Z. Direct Mapping of Cytomechanical Homeostasis Destruction in Osteoarthritis Based on Silicon Nanopillar Array. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301126. [PMID: 37747342 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint degenerative disease characterized by chronic joint inflammation. The pathogenesis of OA has not been fully elucidated yet. Cartilage erosion is the most significant pathological feature in OA, which is considered the result of cytomechanical homeostasis destruction. The cytomechanical homeostasis is maintained by the dynamic interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix, which can be reflected by cell traction force (CTF). It is critical to assess the CTF to provide a deeper understanding of the cytomechanical homeostasis destruction and progression in OA. In this study, a silicon nanopillar array (Si-NP) with high spatial resolution and aspect ratio is fabricated to investigate the CTF in response to OA. It is discovered that the CTF is degraded in OA, which is attributed to the F-actin reorganization induced by the activation of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Si-NP also shows promising potential as a mechanopharmacological assessment platform for OA drug screening and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengjie Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Qingbin Nie
- Department of Neurosurgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jiangtao Xue
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruizeng Luo
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Shiwang Xie
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Shengyu Chao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Engui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Linlin Xu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yizhu Shan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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3
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Ji J, Yang C, Shan Y, Sun M, Cui X, Xu L, Liang S, Li T, Fan Y, Luo D, Li Z. Research Trends of Piezoelectric Nanomaterials in Biomedical Engineering. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Ji
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of New Energy and Materials Beijing Key Laboratory of Biogas Upgrading Utilization China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Beijing 102249 China
- Institute of Engineering Medicine School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Yizhu Shan
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of New Energy and Materials Beijing Key Laboratory of Biogas Upgrading Utilization China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Beijing 102249 China
- Institute of Engineering Medicine School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Xi Cui
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shiyuan Liang
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
| | - Yijie Fan
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
| | - Dan Luo
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhou Li
- Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 101400 China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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4
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Fang J, Huang S, Liu F, He G, Li X, Huang X, Chen HJ, Xie X. Semi-Implantable Bioelectronics. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:125. [PMID: 35633391 PMCID: PMC9148344 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00818-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing techniques to effectively and real-time monitor and regulate the interior environment of biological objects is significantly important for many biomedical engineering and scientific applications, including drug delivery, electrophysiological recording and regulation of intracellular activities. Semi-implantable bioelectronics is currently a hot spot in biomedical engineering research area, because it not only meets the increasing technical demands for precise detection or regulation of biological activities, but also provides a desirable platform for externally incorporating complex functionalities and electronic integration. Although there is less definition and summary to distinguish it from the well-reviewed non-invasive bioelectronics and fully implantable bioelectronics, semi-implantable bioelectronics have emerged as highly unique technology to boost the development of biochips and smart wearable device. Here, we reviewed the recent progress in this field and raised the concept of "Semi-implantable bioelectronics", summarizing the principle and strategies of semi-implantable device for cell applications and in vivo applications, discussing the typical methodologies to access to intracellular environment or in vivo environment, biosafety aspects and typical applications. This review is meaningful for understanding in-depth the design principles, materials fabrication techniques, device integration processes, cell/tissue penetration methodologies, biosafety aspects, and applications strategies that are essential to the development of future minimally invasive bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaru Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanmao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinshuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Jiuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Harberts J, Bours K, Siegmund M, Hedrich C, Glatza M, Schöler HR, Haferkamp U, Pless O, Zierold R, Blick RH. Culturing human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells on nanowire arrays: mapping the impact of nanowire length and array pitch on proliferation, viability, and membrane deformation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:20052-20066. [PMID: 34842880 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04352h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire arrays used as cell culture substrates build a potent tool for advanced biological applications such as cargo delivery and biosensing. The unique topography of nanowire arrays, however, renders them a challenging growth environment for cells and explains why only basic cell lines have been employed in existing studies. Here, we present the culturing of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells on rectangularly arranged nanowire arrays: In detail, we mapped the impact on proliferation, viability, and topography-induced membrane deformation across a multitude of array pitches (1, 3, 5, 10 μm) and nanowire lengths (1.5, 3, 5 μm). Against the intuitive expectation, a reduced proliferation was found on the arrays with the smallest array pitch of 1 μm and long NWs. Typically, cells settle in a fakir-like state on such densely-spaced nanowires and thus experience no substantial stress caused by nanowires indenting the cell membrane. However, imaging of F-actin showed a distinct reorganization of the cytoskeleton along the nanowire tips in the case of small array pitches interfering with regular proliferation. For larger pitches, the cell numbers depend on the NW lengths but proliferation generally continued although heavy deformations of the cell membrane were observed caused by the encapsulation of the nanowires. Moreover, we noticed a strong interaction of the nanowires with the nucleus in terms of squeezing and indenting. Remarkably, the cell viability is maintained at about 85% despite the massive deformation of the cells. Considering the enormous potential of human induced stem cells to study neurodegenerative diseases and the high cellular viability combined with a strong interaction with nanowire arrays, we believe that our results pave the way to apply nanowire arrays to human stem cells for future applications in stem cell research and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jann Harberts
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Katja Bours
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Malte Siegmund
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Carina Hedrich
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Michael Glatza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans R Schöler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstraße 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), ScreeningPort, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zierold
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Robert H Blick
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
- Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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6
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Liu Z, Wan X, Wang ZL, Li L. Electroactive Biomaterials and Systems for Cell Fate Determination and Tissue Regeneration: Design and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007429. [PMID: 34117803 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During natural tissue regeneration, tissue microenvironment and stem cell niche including cell-cell interaction, soluble factors, and extracellular matrix (ECM) provide a train of biochemical and biophysical cues for modulation of cell behaviors and tissue functions. Design of functional biomaterials to mimic the tissue/cell microenvironment have great potentials for tissue regeneration applications. Recently, electroactive biomaterials have drawn increasing attentions not only as scaffolds for cell adhesion and structural support, but also as modulators to regulate cell/tissue behaviors and function, especially for electrically excitable cells and tissues. More importantly, electrostimulation can further modulate a myriad of biological processes, from cell cycle, migration, proliferation and differentiation to neural conduction, muscle contraction, embryogenesis, and tissue regeneration. In this review, endogenous bioelectricity and piezoelectricity are introduced. Then, design rationale of electroactive biomaterials is discussed for imitating dynamic cell microenvironment, as well as their mediated electrostimulation and the applying pathways. Recent advances in electroactive biomaterials are systematically overviewed for modulation of stem cell fate and tissue regeneration, mainly including nerve regeneration, bone tissue engineering, and cardiac tissue engineering. Finally, the significance for simulating the native tissue microenvironment is emphasized and the open challenges and future perspectives of electroactive biomaterials are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xingyi Wan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
| | - Linlin Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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7
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Milos F, Tullii G, Gobbo F, Lodola F, Galeotti F, Verpelli C, Mayer D, Maybeck V, Offenhäusser A, Antognazza MR. High Aspect Ratio and Light-Sensitive Micropillars Based on a Semiconducting Polymer Optically Regulate Neuronal Growth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23438-23451. [PMID: 33983012 PMCID: PMC8161421 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Many nano- and microstructured devices capable of promoting neuronal growth and network formation have been previously investigated. In certain cases, topographical cues have been successfully complemented with external bias, by employing electrically conducting scaffolds. However, the use of optical stimulation with topographical cues was rarely addressed in this context, and the development of light-addressable platforms for modulating and guiding cellular growth and proliferation remains almost completely unexplored. Here, we develop high aspect ratio micropillars based on a prototype semiconducting polymer, regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), as an optically active, three-dimensional platform for embryonic cortical neurons. P3HT micropillars provide a mechanically compliant environment and allow a close contact with neuronal cells. The combined action of nano/microtopography and visible light excitation leads to effective optical modulation of neuronal growth and orientation. Embryonic neurons cultured on polymer pillars show a clear polarization effect and, upon exposure to optical excitation, a significant increase in both neurite and axon length. The biocompatible, microstructured, and light-sensitive platform developed here opens up the opportunity to optically regulate neuronal growth in a wireless, repeatable, and spatio-temporally controlled manner without genetic modification. This approach may be extended to other cell models, thus uncovering interesting applications of photonic devices in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frano Milos
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing IBI-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- RWTH
University Aachen, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Tullii
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Gobbo
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Physics
Department, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Lodola
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Galeotti
- Istituto
di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche G. Natta (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Verpelli
- Istituto
di Neuroscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing IBI-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Maybeck
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing IBI-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute
of Biological Information Processing IBI-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- RWTH
University Aachen, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Zheng Q, Peng M, Liu Z, Li S, Han R, Ouyang H, Fan Y, Pan C, Hu W, Zhai J, Li Z, Wang ZL. Dynamic real-time imaging of living cell traction force by piezo-phototronic light nano-antenna array. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/22/eabe7738. [PMID: 34039600 PMCID: PMC8153726 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe7738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic mapping of the cell-generated force of cardiomyocytes will help provide an intrinsic understanding of the heart. However, a real-time, dynamic, and high-resolution mapping of the force distribution across a single living cell remains a challenge. Here, we established a force mapping method based on a "light nano-antenna" array with the use of piezo-phototronic effect. A spatial resolution of 800 nm and a temporal resolution of 333 ms have been demonstrated for force mapping. The dynamic mapping of cell force of live cardiomyocytes was directly derived by locating the antennas' positions and quantifying the light intensities of the piezo-phototronic light nano-antenna array. This study presents a rapid and ultrahigh-resolution methodology for the fundamental study of cardiomyocyte behavior at the cell or subcellular level. It can provide valuable information about disease detection, drug screening, and tissue engineering for heart-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zheng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Mingzeng Peng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Shuyu Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Rongcheng Han
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Han Ouyang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Caofeng Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Weiguo Hu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Junyi Zhai
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083 Beijing, China.
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA
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9
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Olsson TB, Abariute L, Hrachowina L, Barrigón E, Volpati D, Limpert S, Otnes G, Borgström MT, Prinz CN. Photovoltaic nanowires affect human lung cell proliferation under illumination conditions. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14237-14244. [PMID: 32608415 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07678f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using light to interact with cells is a promising way to steer cell behavior with minimal perturbation. Besides optogenetics, photovoltaic nanostructures such as nanowires can be used to interact with cells using light as a switch. Photovoltaic nanowires have, for instance, been used to stimulate neurons. However, the effects of the photovoltaic activity on cells are still poorly understood and characterized. Here, we investigate the effects of the photovoltaic activity of p-i-n nanowire arrays on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. We have cultured A549 cells on top of vertical arrays of indium phosphide p-i-n nanowires (photovoltaic nanowires), with and without illumination to assess the effects of the nanowire photovoltaic activity on cells. We show that there is a higher proportion of dormant cells when the p-i-n nanowire arrays are illuminated. However, there is no difference in the proportion of dormant cells when the p-i-n nanowires are coated with oxide, which suggests that carrier injection in the cell medium (in this case, the release of electrons from the tip of the nanowires) is an important factor for modulating cell proliferation on photovoltaic nanowires. The results open up for interesting applications of photovoltaic nanowires in biomedicine, such as using them as a dormancy switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese B Olsson
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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10
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Dai J, Gong J, Kong N, Yao Y. Cellular architecture response to aspect ratio tunable nanoarrays. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:12395-12404. [PMID: 32490496 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01003k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoarrays have been emerging as popular nanostructure platforms to investigate both cell behaviors and biological functions, due to the cell architecture respondence to the biointerface of nanostructures. Herein, we developed a series of aspect ratio tunable nanoarrays through a metal-assisted chemical etching method. Nanoarrays including nanoneedles, nanopillars, and nanoclusters were fabricated with a controllable aspect ratio. We found that nanostructures with a high aspect ratio (>10) induced significant alterations of cell physiological behaviors such as surface attachment, architecture deformation, viability, proliferation and motility. The cells on nanostructures with a high aspect ratio exhibited reorganized actin stress fibers and vimentin filaments, as well as reduced focal adhesion. This research enlarges the diversity of nanostructures on nano-bio interface investigation, provides a new insight for the surface-dependent architecture of cells, and offers unbiased understanding of factors influencing cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dai
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
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11
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Song Z, Wu F, Zheng Y, Xu X, Tang Q, Bian B. Cellular Toxicity Study of Silicon Nanowires. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820918761. [PMID: 32341683 PMCID: PMC7171990 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820918761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to achieve the practical bioapplications of silicon nanowires (SiNWs). In this study, the tumor and normal cell lines were used as models to systematically investigate the cytotoxicity of SiNWs synthesized by HF-assisted etching methods. Morphology observation, Cell Counting Kit 8, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry analysis were used to elucidate the cytotoxicity of SiNWs. The results showed that the cytotoxicity of SiNWs is greatly dependent on cell lines, SiNWs concentration, and incubation time. Particularly, SiNWs show better biocompatibility with tumor cell lines (eg, human epithelial cervical cancer [Hela] cells and human hepatocellular liver carcinoma [HepG2] cells) than normal cell lines (eg, human normal liver [HL-7702] cells and human embryonic kidney [HEK293T] cells). The reasons may be that SiNWs could tightly attach to the cell membrane in the cell medium, which obviously affects cell adhesion and inhibits their cell viability, especially for normal cell lines. From systematical analysis and comparison, we obtain the concentration limits of SiNWs, which may advance SiNWs applications and its toxicological study in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Song
- The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fenglei Wu
- The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yitong Zheng
- The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xintang Xu
- The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baoxiang Bian
- The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Zang H, Li X. Physical understanding of the bending of nanostructures caused by cellular force. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:032406. [PMID: 32289988 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.032406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The bending of nanostructures (NSs), such as nanopillars and nanowires, caused by cell adhesion is an interesting phenomenon and is important for the measurements of cellular forces, understanding the biological behavior of cells, and disease diagnosis. However, which factors are related to the bending of NSs and how the factors affect bending displacement are still not well understood. Here, we establish an analytic thermodynamic theory to study the bending mechanism of NSs caused by cellular force during the cell adhesion process, and analyze the factors affecting bending displacement. It is found that the bending of NSs is determined by the competition between the stretching energy of the membrane and the strain energy of the NSs. The bending displacement can be evaluated based on our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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13
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Molina J, Ramos D, Gil-Santos E, Escobar JE, Ruz JJ, Tamayo J, San Paulo Á, Calleja M. Optical Transduction for Vertical Nanowire Resonators. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2359-2369. [PMID: 32191041 PMCID: PMC7146857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe an optical transduction mechanism to measure the flexural mode vibrations of vertically aligned nanowires on a flat substrate with high sensitivity, linearity, and ease of implementation. We demonstrate that the light reflected from the substrate when a laser beam strikes it parallel to the nanowires is modulated proportionally to their vibration, so that measuring such modulation provides a highly efficient resonance readout. This mechanism is applicable to single nanowires or arrays without specific requirements regarding their geometry or array pattern, and no fabrication process besides the nanowire generation is required. We show how to optimize the performance of this mechanism by characterizing the split flexural modes of vertical silicon nanowires in their full dynamic range and up to the fifth mode order. The presented transduction approach is relevant for any application of nanowire resonators, particularly for integrating nanomechanical sensing in functional substrates based on vertical nanowires for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Molina
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Ramos
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Gil-Santos
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier E. Escobar
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - José J. Ruz
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Tamayo
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro San Paulo
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Calleja
- Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnología
(IMN-CNM, CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Harberts J, Haferkamp U, Haugg S, Fendler C, Lam D, Zierold R, Pless O, Blick RH. Interfacing human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons with designed nanowire arrays as a future platform for medical applications. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2434-2446. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured substrates such as nanowire arrays form a powerful tool for building next-generation medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jann Harberts
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Haugg
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Cornelius Fendler
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Dennis Lam
- Fraunhofer IME ScreeningPort
- 22525 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Robert Zierold
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer IME ScreeningPort
- 22525 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Robert H. Blick
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures
- Universität Hamburg
- 22761 Hamburg
- Germany
- Material Science and Engineering
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15
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Liu YL, Horning AM, Lieberman B, Kim M, Lin CK, Hung CN, Chou CW, Wang CM, Lin CL, Kirma NB, Liss MA, Vasisht R, Perillo EP, Blocher K, Horng H, Taverna JA, Ruan J, Yankeelov TE, Dunn AK, Huang THM, Yeh HC, Chen CL. Spatial EGFR Dynamics and Metastatic Phenotypes Modulated by Upregulated EphB2 and Src Pathways in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121910. [PMID: 31805710 PMCID: PMC6966510 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer is a very heterogeneous disease reflecting in diverse regulations of oncogenic signaling pathways. Aberrant spatial dynamics of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) promote their dimerization and clustering, leading to constitutive activation in oncogenesis. The EphB2 and Src signaling pathways are associated with the reorganization of the cytoskeleton leading to malignancy, but their roles in regulating EGFR dynamics and activation are scarcely reported. Using single-particle tracking techniques, we found that highly phosphorylated EGFR in the advanced prostate cancer cell line, PC3, was associated with higher EGFR diffusivity, as compared with LNCaP and less aggressive DU145. The increased EGFR activation and biophysical dynamics were consistent with high proliferation, migration, and invasion. After performing single-cell RNA-seq on prostate cancer cell lines and circulating tumor cells from patients, we identified that upregulated gene expression in the EphB2 and Src pathways are associated with advanced malignancy. After dasatinib treatment or siRNA knockdowns of EphB2 or Src, the PC3 cells exhibited significantly lower EGFR dynamics, cell motility, and invasion. Partial inhibitory effects were also found in DU145 cells. The upregulation of parts of the EphB2 and Src pathways also predicts poor prognosis in the prostate cancer patient cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas. Our results provide evidence that overexpression of the EphB2 and Src signaling pathways regulate EGFR dynamics and cellular aggressiveness in some advanced prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Liang Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
| | - Aaron M. Horning
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Brandon Lieberman
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA;
| | - Mirae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
| | - Che-Kuang Lin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Chia-Nung Hung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Chih-Wei Chou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Chiou-Miin Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Chun-Lin Lin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Nameer B. Kirma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Michael A. Liss
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Rohan Vasisht
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
| | - Evan P. Perillo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
| | - Katherine Blocher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
| | - Hannah Horng
- Department of Bioengineering, the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Josephine A. Taverna
- Department of Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Jianhua Ruan
- Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Thomas E. Yankeelov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Andrew K. Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
| | - Tim H.-M. Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton, BME Building, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (M.K.); (R.V.); (E.P.P.); (K.B.); (T.E.Y.); (A.K.D.)
- Texas Materials Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Correspondence: (H.-C.Y.); (C.-L.C.); Tel.: +1-512-471-7931 (H.-C.Y.); +1-210-562-4143 (C.-L.C.); Fax: +1-512-471-0616 (H.-C.Y.); +1-210-562-4161 (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chun-Liang Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 8210 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail code: 8257, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.M.H.); (C.-K.L.); (C.-N.H.); (C.-W.C.); (C.-M.W.); (C.-L.L.); (N.B.K.); (T.H.-M.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.-C.Y.); (C.-L.C.); Tel.: +1-512-471-7931 (H.-C.Y.); +1-210-562-4143 (C.-L.C.); Fax: +1-512-471-0616 (H.-C.Y.); +1-210-562-4161 (C.-L.C.)
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16
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Zhao Q, Wang J, Wang Y, Cui H, Du X. A stage-specific cell-manipulation platform for inducing endothelialization on demand. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 7:629-643. [PMID: 34692082 PMCID: PMC8289041 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelialization is of great significance for vascular remodeling, as well as for the success of implanted vascular grafts/stents in cardiovascular disease treatment. However, desirable endothelialization on synthetic biomaterials remains greatly challenging owing to extreme difficulty in offering dynamic guidance on endothelial cell (EC) functions resembling the native extracellular matrix-mediated effects. Here, we demonstrate a bilayer platform with near-infrared-triggered transformable topographies, which can alter the geometries and functions of human ECs by tunable topographical cues in a remote-controlled manner, yet cause no damage to the cell viability. The migration and the adhesion/spreading of human ECs are respectively promoted by the temporary anisotropic and permanent isotropic topographies of the platform in turn, which appropriately meet the requirements of stage-specific EC manipulation for endothelialization. In addition to the potential of promoting the development of a new generation of vascular grafts/stents enabling rapid endothelialization, this stage-specific cell-manipulation platform also holds promise in various biomedical fields, since the needs for stepwise control over different cell functions are common in wound healing and various tissue-regeneration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Huanqing Cui
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xuemin Du
- Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518035, China
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17
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Liu T, Cui Q, Wu Q, Li X, Song K, Ge D, Guan S. Mechanism Study of Bacteria Killed on Nanostructures. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:8686-8696. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqing Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xiangqin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Kedong Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Dan Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Shui Guan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, P. R. China
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18
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Tullii G, Giona F, Lodola F, Bonfadini S, Bossio C, Varo S, Desii A, Criante L, Sala C, Pasini M, Verpelli C, Galeotti F, Antognazza MR. High-Aspect-Ratio Semiconducting Polymer Pillars for 3D Cell Cultures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:28125-28137. [PMID: 31356041 PMCID: PMC6943816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid interfaces between living cells and nano/microstructured scaffolds have huge application potential in biotechnology, spanning from regenerative medicine and stem cell therapies to localized drug delivery and from biosensing and tissue engineering to neural computing. However, 3D architectures based on semiconducting polymers, endowed with responsivity to visible light, have never been considered. Here, we apply for the first time a push-coating technique to realize high aspect ratio polymeric pillars, based on polythiophene, showing optimal biocompatibility and allowing for the realization of soft, 3D cell cultures of both primary neurons and cell line models. HEK-293 cells cultured on top of polymer pillars display a remarkable change in the cell morphology and a sizable enhancement of the membrane capacitance due to the cell membrane thinning in correspondence to the pillars' top surface, without negatively affecting cell proliferation. Electrophysiology properties and synapse number of primary neurons are also very well preserved. In perspective, high aspect ratio semiconducting polymer pillars may find interesting applications as soft, photoactive elements for cell activity sensing and modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Tullii
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Lodola
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvio Bonfadini
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina Bossio
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Varo
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Desii
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luigino Criante
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Sala
- CNR Neuroscience
Institute, Milan 20129, Italy
| | - Mariacecilia Pasini
- Istituto
per lo Studio delle Macromolecole, Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISMAC-CNR), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Galeotti
- Istituto
per lo Studio delle Macromolecole, Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISMAC-CNR), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
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19
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Lard M, Linke H, Prinz CN. Biosensing using arrays of vertical semiconductor nanowires: mechanosensing and biomarker detection. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:214003. [PMID: 30699399 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high aspect ratio and increased surface-to-foot-print area, arrays of vertical semiconductor nanowires are used in numerous biological applications, such as cell transfection and biosensing. Here we focus on two specific valuable biosensing approaches that, so far, have received relatively limited attention in terms of their potential capabilities: cellular mechanosensing and lightguiding-induced enhanced fluorescence detection. Although proposed a decade ago, these two applications for using vertical nanowire arrays have only very recently achieved significant breakthroughs, both in terms of understanding their fundamental phenomena, and in the ease of their implementation. We review the status of the field in these areas and describe significant findings and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Lard
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund Sweden
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20
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Harberts J, Zierold R, Fendler C, Koitmäe A, Bayat P, Fernandez-Cuesta I, Loers G, Diercks BP, Fliegert R, Guse AH, Ronning C, Otnes G, Borgström M, Blick RH. Culturing and patch clamping of Jurkat T cells and neurons on Al 2O 3 coated nanowire arrays of altered morphology. RSC Adv 2019; 9:11194-11201. [PMID: 35520244 PMCID: PMC9063011 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05320k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanowire substrates play an increasingly important role for cell cultures as an approach for hybrid bio-semiconductor junctions. We investigate Jurkat T cells and neurons from mice cultured on Al2O3 coated ordered and randomly distributed nanowires. Cell viability was examined by life/membrane staining reporting comparable viability on planar and nanowire substrates. Imaging the hybrid interface reveals a wrapping of the cell membrane around the very nanowire tip. Patch clamp recordings show similar electrophysiological responses on each type of nanowires compared to planar control substrates. We demonstrate that the morphological characteristic of the nanowire substrate plays a subordinate role which opens up the arena for a large range of nanowire substrates in a functionalized application such as stimulation or sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jann Harberts
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany +49 40 42838 1975
| | - Robert Zierold
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany +49 40 42838 1975
| | - Cornelius Fendler
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany +49 40 42838 1975
| | - Aune Koitmäe
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany +49 40 42838 1975
| | - Parisa Bayat
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany +49 40 42838 1975
| | - Irene Fernandez-Cuesta
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany +49 40 42838 1975
| | - Gabriele Loers
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Falkenried 94 20251 Hamburg Germany
| | - Björn-Philipp Diercks
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, The Calcium Signaling Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistraße 52 20251 Hamburg Germany
| | - Ralf Fliegert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, The Calcium Signaling Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistraße 52 20251 Hamburg Germany
| | - Andreas H Guse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, The Calcium Signaling Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistraße 52 20251 Hamburg Germany
| | - Carsten Ronning
- Institute for Solid State Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena Helmholtzweg 3-5 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Gaute Otnes
- NanoLund, Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden
- Solid State Physics, Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Magnus Borgström
- NanoLund, Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden
- Solid State Physics, Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Robert H Blick
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures, Universität Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany +49 40 42838 1975
- Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
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21
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Liu Z, Nie J, Miao B, Li J, Cui Y, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhao G, Deng Y, Wu Y, Li Z, Li L, Wang ZL. Self-Powered Intracellular Drug Delivery by a Biomechanical Energy-Driven Triboelectric Nanogenerator. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807795. [PMID: 30721538 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nondestructive, high-efficiency, and on-demand intracellular drug/biomacromolecule delivery for therapeutic purposes remains a great challenge. Herein, a biomechanical-energy-powered triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-driven electroporation system is developed for intracellular drug delivery with high efficiency and minimal cell damage in vitro and in vivo. In the integrated system, a self-powered TENG as a stable voltage pulse source triggers the increase of plasma membrane potential and membrane permeability. Cooperatively, the silicon nanoneedle-array electrode minimizes cellular damage during electroporation via enhancing the localized electrical field at the nanoneedle-cell interface and also decreases plasma membrane fluidity for the enhancement of molecular influx. The integrated system achieves efficient delivery of exogenous materials (small molecules, macromolecules, and siRNA) into different types of cells, including hard-to-transfect primary cells, with delivery efficiency up to 90% and cell viability over 94%. Through simple finger friction or hand slapping of the wearable TENGs, it successfully realizes a transdermal biomolecule delivery with an over threefold depth enhancement in mice. This integrated and self-powered system for active electroporation drug delivery shows great prospect for self-tuning drug delivery and wearable medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Nie
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Miao
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215125, P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Li
- i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215125, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Yuanbo Cui
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gengrui Zhao
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Yihui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center of Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center of Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Center of Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
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22
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Chen W, Allen SG, Qian W, Peng Z, Han S, Li X, Sun Y, Fournier C, Bao L, Lam RH, Merajver SD, Fu J. Biophysical Phenotyping and Modulation of ALDH+ Inflammatory Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1802891. [PMID: 30632269 PMCID: PMC6486377 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) have been shown to initiate tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis in many cancer types. Although identification of CSCs through specific marker expression helps define the CSC compartment, it does not directly provide information on how or why this cancer cell subpopulation is more metastatic or tumorigenic. In this study, the functional and biophysical characteristics of aggressive and lethal inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) CSCs at the single-cell level are comprehensively profiled using multiple microengineered tools. Distinct functional (cell migration, growth, adhesion, invasion and self-renewal) and biophysical (cell deformability, adhesion strength and contractility) properties of ALDH+ SUM149 IBC CSCs are found as compared to their ALDH- non-CSC counterpart, providing biophysical insights into why CSCs has an enhanced propensity to metastasize. It is further shown that the cellular biophysical phenotype can predict and determine IBC cells' tumorigenic ability. SUM149 and SUM159 IBC cells selected and modulated through biophysical attributes-adhesion and stiffness-show characteristics of CSCs in vitro and enhance tumorigenicity in in vivo murine models of primary tumor growth. Overall, the multiparametric cellular biophysical phenotyping and modulation of IBC CSCs yields a new understanding of IBC's metastatic properties and how they might develop and be targeted for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA,
| | - Steven G. Allen
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,
| | - Weiyi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Zifeng Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuo Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yubing Sun
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Chelsea Fournier
- Undergraduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Liwei Bao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Raymond H.W. Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sofia D. Merajver
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA,
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23
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Lee G, Han SB, Lee JH, Kim HW, Kim DH. Cancer Mechanobiology: Microenvironmental Sensing and Metastasis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3735-3752. [PMID: 33405888 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cellular microenvironment plays an important role in regulating cancer progress. Cancer can physically and chemically remodel its surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Critical cellular behaviors such as recognition of matrix geometry and rigidity, cell polarization and motility, cytoskeletal reorganization, and proliferation can be changed as a consequence of these ECM alternations. Here, we present an overview of cancer mechanobiology in detail, focusing on cancer microenvironmental sensing of exogenous cues and quantification of cancer-substrate interactions. In addition, mechanics of metastasis classified with tumor progression will be discussed. The mechanism underlying cancer mechanosensation and tumor progression may provide new insights into therapeutic strategies to alleviate cancer malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- GeonHui Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Han
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hwee Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
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24
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Xu L, Zhao Y, Owusu KA, Zhuang Z, Liu Q, Wang Z, Li Z, Mai L. Recent Advances in Nanowire-Biosystem Interfaces: From Chemical Conversion, Energy Production to Electrophysiology. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Spatially Correlated, Single Nanomaterial-Level Structural and Optical Profiling of Cu-Doped ZnO Nanorods Synthesized via Multifunctional Silicides. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8040222. [PMID: 29642433 PMCID: PMC5923552 DOI: 10.3390/nano8040222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a straightforward and effective method to synthesize vertically oriented, Cu-doped ZnO nanorods (NRs) using a novel multipurpose platform of copper silicide nanoblocks (Cu3Si NBs) preformed laterally in well-defined directions on Si. The use of the surface-organized Cu3Si NBs for ZnO NR growth successfully results in densely assembled Cu-doped ZnO NRs on each NB platform, whose overall structures resemble thick bristles on a brush head. We show that Cu3Si NBs can uniquely serve as a catalyst for ZnO NRs, a local dopant source of Cu, and a prepatterned guide to aid the local assembly of the NRs on the growth substrate. We also ascertain the crystalline structures, optical properties, and spectroscopic signatures of the Cu-doped ZnO NRs produced on the NBs, both at each module of NRs/NB and at their ensemble level. Subsequently, we determine their augmented properties relative to the pristine form of undoped ZnO NRs and the source material of Cu3Si NBs. We provide spatially correlated structural and optical data for individual modules of Cu-doped ZnO NRs assembled on a Cu3Si NB by resolving them along the different positions on the NB. Ensemble-averaged versus individual behaviors of Cu-doped ZnO NRs on Cu3Si NBs are then compared. We further discuss the potential impact of such ZnO-derived NRs on their relatively unexplored biological and biomedical applications. Our efforts will be particularly useful when exploiting each integrated module of self-aligned, Cu-doped ZnO NRs on a NB as a discretely addressable, active element in solid-state sensors and miniaturized luminescent bioprobes.
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26
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Rotenberg MY, Tian B. Talking to cells: semiconductor nanomaterials at the cellular interface. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2018; 2:1700242. [PMID: 30906852 PMCID: PMC6430216 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The interface of biological components with semiconductors is a growing field with numerous applications. For example, the interfaces can be used to sense and modulate the electrical activity of single cells and tissues. From the materials point of view, silicon is the ideal option for such studies due to its controlled chemical synthesis, scalable lithography for functional devices, excellent electronic and optical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Recent advances in this area are pushing the bio-interfaces from the tissue and organ level to the single cell and sub-cellular regimes. In this progress report, we will describe some fundamental studies focusing on miniaturizing the bioelectric and biomechanical interfaces. Additionally, many of our highlighted examples involve freestanding silicon-based nanoscale systems, in addition to substrate-bound structures or devices; the former offers new promise for basic research and clinical application. In this report, we will describe recent developments in the interfacing of neuronal and cardiac cells and their networks. Moreover, we will briefly discuss the incorporation of semiconductor nanostructures for interfacing non-excitable cells in applications such as probing intracellular force dynamics and drug delivery. Finally, we will suggest several directions for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bozhi Tian
- The James Franck Institute, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Chicago, IL 60637
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27
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Bacterial capture efficiency in fluid bloodstream improved by bendable nanowires. Nat Commun 2018; 9:444. [PMID: 29410412 PMCID: PMC5802748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infectious diseases, such as sepsis, can lead to impaired function in the lungs, kidneys, and other vital organs. Although established technologies have been designed for the extracorporeal removal of bacteria, a high flow velocity of the true bloodstream might result in low capture efficiency and prevent the realization of their full clinical potential. Here, we develop a dialyzer made by three-dimensional carbon foam pre-grafted with nanowires to isolate bacteria from unprocessed blood. The tip region of polycrystalline nanowires is bent readily to form three-dimensional nanoclaws when dragged by the molecular force of ligand-receptor, because of a decreasing Young’s moduli from the bottom to the tip. The bacterial capture efficiency was improved from ~10% on carbon foam and ~40% on unbendable single-crystalline nanowires/carbon foam to 97% on bendable polycrystalline nanowires/carbon foam in a fluid bloodstream of 10 cm s−1 velocity. Bacteria and other pathogens entering the blood stream can have serious consequences, which can even lead to death. Here, the authors developed a sieve containing nano-sized claws that capture and hold these intruders, thus aiding their removal from patient’s blood
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28
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Role of Microenvironment in Glioma Invasion: What We Learned from In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010147. [PMID: 29300332 PMCID: PMC5796096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion properties of glioblastoma hamper a radical surgery and are responsible for its recurrence. Understanding the invasion mechanisms is thus critical to devise new therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the creation of in vitro models that enable these mechanisms to be studied represents a crucial step. Since in vitro models represent an over-simplification of the in vivo system, in these years it has been attempted to increase the level of complexity of in vitro assays to create models that could better mimic the behaviour of the cells in vivo. These levels of complexity involved: 1. The dimension of the system, moving from two-dimensional to three-dimensional models; 2. The use of microfluidic systems; 3. The use of mixed cultures of tumour cells and cells of the tumour micro-environment in order to mimic the complex cross-talk between tumour cells and their micro-environment; 4. And the source of cells used in an attempt to move from commercial lines to patient-based models. In this review, we will summarize the evidence obtained exploring these different levels of complexity and highlighting advantages and limitations of each system used.
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29
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Li Z, Persson H, Adolfsson K, Abariute L, Borgström MT, Hessman D, Åström K, Oredsson S, Prinz CN. Cellular traction forces: a useful parameter in cancer research. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:19039-19044. [PMID: 29188243 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06284b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The search for new cancer biomarkers is essential for fundamental research, diagnostics, as well as for patient treatment and monitoring. Whereas most cancer biomarkers are biomolecules, an increasing number of studies show that mechanical cues are promising biomarker candidates. Although cell deformability has been shown to be a possible cancer biomarker, cellular forces as cancer biomarkers have been left largely unexplored. Here, we measure traction forces of cancer and normal-like cells at high spatial resolution using a robust method based on dense vertical arrays of nanowires. A force map is created using automated image analysis based on the localization of the fluorescent tips of the nanowires. We show that the force distribution and magnitude differ between MCF7 breast cancer cells and MCF10A normal-like breast epithelial cells, and that monitoring traction forces can be used to investigate the effects of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Division of Solid State Physics, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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30
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Cai P, Leow WR, Wang X, Wu YL, Chen X. Programmable Nano-Bio Interfaces for Functional Biointegrated Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605529. [PMID: 28397302 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of evidence has demonstrated the revolutionary role of nanosystems in the screening and shielding of biological systems. The explosive development of interfacing bioentities with programmable nanomaterials has conveyed the intriguing concept of nano-bio interfaces. Here, recent advances in functional biointegrated devices through the precise programming of nano-bio interactions are outlined, especially with regard to the rational assembly of constituent nanomaterials on multiple dimension scales (e.g., nanoparticles, nanowires, layered nanomaterials, and 3D-architectured nanomaterials), in order to leverage their respective intrinsic merits for different functions. Emerging nanotechnological strategies at nano-bio interfaces are also highlighted, such as multimodal diagnosis or "theragnostics", synergistic and sequential therapeutics delivery, and stretchable and flexible nanoelectronic devices, and their implementation into a broad range of biointegrated devices (e.g., implantable, minimally invasive, and wearable devices). When utilized as functional modules of biointegrated devices, these programmable nano-bio interfaces will open up a new chapter for precision nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingqiang Cai
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wan Ru Leow
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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31
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Yan Q, Fang L, Wei J, Xiao G, Lv M, Ma Q, Liu C, Wang W. Silicon nanowires enhanced proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cell with vertically surface microenvironment. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2017; 28:1394-1407. [PMID: 28494208 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1329888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its biocompatibility, noncytotoxicity, biodegradability and three-dimensional structure, vertically silicon nanowires (SiNWs) arrays are a promising scaffold material for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and relevant medical applications. Recently, its osteogenic differentiation effects, reorganization of cytoskeleton and regulation of the fate on stem cells have been demonstrated. However, it still remains unknown whether SiNWs arrays could affect the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) or not. In the present study, we have employed vertically aligned SiNWs arrays as culture systems for NSCs and proved that the scaffold material could promote the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs while maintaining excellent cell viability and stemness. Immunofluorescence imaging analysis, Western blot and RT-PCR results reveal that NSCs proliferation and neuronal differentiation efficiency on SiNWs arrays are significant greater than that on silicon wafers. These results implicate SiNWs arrays could offer a powerful platform for NSCs research and NSCs-based therapy in the field of neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuting Yan
- a College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Lipao Fang
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Jiyu Wei
- c NGS Laboratory , GENEWIZ, Inc. , Suzhou , China
| | - Guipeng Xiao
- c NGS Laboratory , GENEWIZ, Inc. , Suzhou , China
| | - Meihong Lv
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Quanhong Ma
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,d Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Centre of Neurological Disease , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Wang Wang
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
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32
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Appel JH, Ren H, Sin MLY, Liao JC, Chae J. Rapid bladder cancer cell detection from clinical urine samples using an ultra-thin silicone membrane. Analyst 2017; 141:652-60. [PMID: 26549051 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01616a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of initial onset, as well as recurrence, of cancer is paramount for improved patient prognosis and human health. Cancer screening is enhanced by rapid differentiation of cancerous from non-cancerous cells which employs the inherent differences in biophysical properties. Our preliminary testing demonstrates that cell-line derived bladder cancer cells deform our <30 nm silicone membrane within an hour and induce visually distinct wrinkle patterns while cell-line derived non-cancerous cells fail to induce these wrinkle patterns. Herein, we report a platform for the rapid detection of cancerous cells from human clinical urine samples. We performed a blinded study with cells extracted from the urine of human patients suspected to have bladder cancer alongside healthy controls. Wrinkle patterns were induced specifically by the five cancer patient samples within 12 hours and not by the healthy controls. These results were independently validated by the standard diagnostic techniques cystoscopy and cytology. Thus, our ultra-thin membrane approach for cancer diagnosis appears as accurate as standard diagnostic methods while vastly more rapid, less invasive, and requiring limited expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie H Appel
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, USA.
| | - Hao Ren
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, USA.
| | - Mandy L Y Sin
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Joseph C Liao
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Junseok Chae
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, USA.
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33
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Seyock S, Maybeck V, Scorsone E, Rousseau L, Hébert C, Lissorgues G, Bergonzo P, Offenhäusser A. Interfacing neurons on carbon nanotubes covered with diamond. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20207a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the interface and needed adhesion surface for neuronal cells on carbon nanotubes covered with diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Seyock
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8/PGI-8)
- Forschungszentrum Jülich
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - Vanessa Maybeck
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8/PGI-8)
- Forschungszentrum Jülich
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8/PGI-8)
- Forschungszentrum Jülich
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
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34
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Harding FJ, Surdo S, Delalat B, Cozzi C, Elnathan R, Gronthos S, Voelcker NH, Barillaro G. Ordered Silicon Pillar Arrays Prepared by Electrochemical Micromachining: Substrates for High-Efficiency Cell Transfection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:29197-29202. [PMID: 27744675 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ordered arrays of silicon nano- to microscale pillars are used to enable biomolecular trafficking into primary human cells, consistently demonstrating high transfection efficiency can be achieved with broader and taller pillars than reported to date. Cell morphology on the pillar arrays is often strikingly elongated. Investigation of the cellular interaction with the pillar reveals that cells are suspended on pillar tips and do not interact with the substrate between the pillars. Although cells remain suspended on pillar tips, acute local deformation of the cell membrane was noted, allowing pillar tips to penetrate the cell interior, while retaining cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances J Harding
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, Mawson Lakes, University of South Australia , Adelaid, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Salvatore Surdo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa , via G. Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bahman Delalat
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, Mawson Lakes, University of South Australia , Adelaid, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Chiara Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa , via G. Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roey Elnathan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, Mawson Lakes, University of South Australia , Adelaid, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute , Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Group Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Future Industries Institute, Mawson Lakes, University of South Australia , Adelaid, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Barillaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università di Pisa , via G. Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, Italy
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35
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Shevchuk A, Tokar S, Gopal S, Sanchez-Alonso JL, Tarasov AI, Vélez-Ortega AC, Chiappini C, Rorsman P, Stevens MM, Gorelik J, Frolenkov GI, Klenerman D, Korchev YE. Angular Approach Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy. Biophys J 2016; 110:2252-65. [PMID: 27224490 PMCID: PMC4880884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) is a super-resolution live imaging technique that uses a glass nanopipette as an imaging probe to produce three-dimensional (3D) images of cell surface. SICM can be used to analyze cell morphology at nanoscale, follow membrane dynamics, precisely position an imaging nanopipette close to a structure of interest, and use it to obtain ion channel recordings or locally apply stimuli or drugs. Practical implementations of these SICM advantages, however, are often complicated due to the limitations of currently available SICM systems that inherited their design from other scanning probe microscopes in which the scan assembly is placed right above the specimen. Such arrangement makes the setting of optimal illumination necessary for phase contrast or the use of high magnification upright optics difficult. Here, we describe the designs that allow mounting SICM scan head on a standard patch-clamp micromanipulator and imaging the sample at an adjustable approach angle. This angle could be as shallow as the approach angle of a patch-clamp pipette between a water immersion objective and the specimen. Using this angular approach SICM, we obtained topographical images of cells grown on nontransparent nanoneedle arrays, of islets of Langerhans, and of hippocampal neurons under upright optical microscope. We also imaged previously inaccessible areas of cells such as the side surfaces of the hair cell stereocilia and the intercalated disks of isolated cardiac myocytes, and performed targeted patch-clamp recordings from the latter. Thus, our new, to our knowledge, angular approach SICM allows imaging of living cells on nontransparent substrates and a seamless integration with most patch-clamp setups on either inverted or upright microscopes, which would facilitate research in cell biophysics and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Shevchuk
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Sergiy Tokar
- Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sahana Gopal
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jose L Sanchez-Alonso
- National Heart and Lung Institute and Department of Cardiac Medicine, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrei I Tarasov
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ciro Chiappini
- Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrik Rorsman
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart and Lung Institute and Department of Cardiac Medicine, Imperial Center for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yuri E Korchev
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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36
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Brodoceanu D, Alhmoud HZ, Elnathan R, Delalat B, Voelcker NH, Kraus T. Fabrication of silicon nanowire arrays by near-field laser ablation and metal-assisted chemical etching. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:075301. [PMID: 26778665 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/7/075301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present an elegant route for the fabrication of ordered arrays of vertically-aligned silicon nanowires with tunable geometry at controlled locations on a silicon wafer. A monolayer of transparent microspheres convectively assembled onto a gold-coated silicon wafer acts as a microlens array. Irradiation with a single nanosecond laser pulse removes the gold beneath each focusing microsphere, leaving behind a hexagonal pattern of holes in the gold layer. Owing to the near-field effects, the diameter of the holes can be at least five times smaller than the laser wavelength. The patterned gold layer is used as catalyst in a metal-assisted chemical etching to produce an array of vertically-aligned silicon nanowires. This approach combines the advantages of direct laser writing with the benefits of parallel laser processing, yielding nanowire arrays with controlled geometry at predefined locations on the silicon surface. The fabricated VA-SiNW arrays can effectively transfect human cells with a plasmid encoding for green fluorescent protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Brodoceanu
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrɒcken, Germany
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37
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Kwak M, Han L, Chen JJ, Fan R. Interfacing Inorganic Nanowire Arrays and Living Cells for Cellular Function Analysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:5600-10. [PMID: 26349637 PMCID: PMC4676807 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanowires are among the most attractive functional materials, which have emerged in the past two decades. They have demonstrated applications in information technology and energy conversion, but their utility in biological or biomedical research remains relatively under-explored. Although nanowire-based sensors have been frequently reported for biomolecular detection, interfacing nanowire arrays and living mammalian cells for the direct analysis of cellular functions is a very recent endeavor. Cell-penetrating nanowires enabled effective delivery of biomolecules, electrical and optical stimulation and recording of intracellular signals over a long period of time. Non-penetrating, high-density nanowire arrays display rich interactions between the nanostructured substrate and the micro/nanoscale features of cell surfaces. Such interactions enable efficient capture of rare cells including circulating tumor cells and trafficking leukocytes from complex biospecimens. It also serves as a platform for probing cell traction force and neuronal guidance. The most recent advances in the field that exploits nanowire arrays (both penetrating and non-penetrating) to perform rapid analysis of cellular functions potentially for disease diagnosis and monitoring are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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38
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Kim H, Kim I, Choi HJ, Kim SY, Yang EG. Neuron-like differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on silicon nanowires. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17131-17138. [PMID: 26422757 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05787f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of mammalian cells on vertical nanowire (NW) arrays, including cell spreading and the dynamic distribution of focal adhesions and cytoskeletal proteins, has been intensively studied to extend the implications for cellular manipulations in vitro. Prompted by the result that cells on silicon (Si) NWs showed morphological changes and reduced migration rates, we have explored the transition of mesenchymal stem cells into a neuronal lineage by using SiNWs with varying lengths. When human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on the longest SiNWs for 3 days, most of the cells exhibited elongated shapes with neurite-like extensions and dot-like focal adhesions that were prominently observed along with actin filaments. Under these circumstances, the cell motility analyzed by live cell imaging was found to decrease due to the presence of SiNWs. In addition, the slowed growth rate, as well as the reduced population of S phase cells, suggested that the cell cycle was likely arrested in response to the differentiation process. Furthermore, we measured the mRNA levels of several lineage-specific markers to confirm that the SiNWs actually induced neuron-like differentiation of the hMSCs while hampering their osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, our results implied that SiNWs were capable of inducing active reorganization of cellular behaviors, collectively guiding the fate of hMSCs into the neural lineage even in the absence of any inducing reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, South Korea.
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39
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Kim I, Lee HY, Kim H, Lee E, Jeong DW, Kim JJ, Park SH, Ha Y, Na J, Chae Y, Yi S, Choi HJ. Enhanced Neurite Outgrowth by Intracellular Stimulation. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5414-5419. [PMID: 26177864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation through direct electrical activation has been widely used to recover the function of neurons, primarily through the extracellular application of thin film electrodes. However, studies using extracellular methods show limited ability to reveal correlations between the cells and the electrical stimulation due to interference from external sources such as membrane capacitance and culture medium. Here, we demonstrate long-term intracellular electrical stimulation of undamaged pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells by utilizing a vertical nanowire electrode array (VNEA). The VNEA was prepared by synthesizing silicon nanowires on a Si substrate through a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism and then fabricating them into electrodes with semiconductor nanodevice processing. PC-12 cells were cultured on the VNEA for 4 days with intracellular electrical stimulation and then a 2-day stabilization period. Periodic scanning via two-photon microscopy confirmed that the electrodes pierced the cells without inducing damage. Electrical stimulation through the VNEA enhances cellular differentiation and neurite outgrowth by about 50% relative to extracellular stimulation under the same conditions. VNEA-mediated stimulation also revealed that cellular differentiation and growth in the cultures were dependent on the potential used to stimulate them. Intracellular stimulation using nanowires could pave the way for controlled cellular differentiation and outgrowth studies in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye Yeong Lee
- ⊥Department of Neurosurgery, Spine, and Spinal Cord Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Du-Won Jeong
- ¶Department of Physics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Jin Kim
- ¶Department of Physics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yoon Ha
- ⊥Department of Neurosurgery, Spine, and Spinal Cord Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Seong Yi
- ⊥Department of Neurosurgery, Spine, and Spinal Cord Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
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40
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Zimmerman JF, Murray GF, Wang Y, Jumper JM, Austin JR, Tian B. Free-Standing Kinked Silicon Nanowires for Probing Inter- and Intracellular Force Dynamics. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5492-8. [PMID: 26192816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) have emerged as a new class of materials with important applications in biology and medicine with current efforts having focused primarily on using substrate bound SiNW devices. However, developing devices capable of free-standing inter- and intracellular operation is an important next step in designing new synthetic cellular materials and tools for biophysical characterization. To demonstrate this, here we show that label free SiNWs can be internalized in multiple cell lines, forming robust cytoskeletal interfaces, and when kinked can serve as free-standing inter- and intracellular force probes capable of continuous extended (>1 h) force monitoring. Our results show that intercellular interactions exhibit ratcheting like behavior with force peaks of ∼69.6 pN/SiNW, while intracellular force peaks of ∼116.9 pN/SiNW were recorded during smooth muscle contraction. To accomplish this, we have introduced a simple single-capture dark-field/phase contrast optical imaging modality, scatter enhanced phase contrast (SEPC), which enables the simultaneous visualization of both cellular components and inorganic nanostructures. This approach demonstrates that rationally designed devices capable of substrate-independent operation are achievable, providing a simple and scalable method for continuous inter- and intracellular force dynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Zimmerman
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Graeme F Murray
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yucai Wang
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - John M Jumper
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jotham R Austin
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Bozhi Tian
- †Department of Chemistry, ‡The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and §The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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41
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Prinz CN. Interactions between semiconductor nanowires and living cells. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:233103. [PMID: 26010455 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/23/233103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanowires are increasingly used for biological applications and their small dimensions make them a promising tool for sensing and manipulating cells with minimal perturbation. In order to interface cells with nanowires in a controlled fashion, it is essential to understand the interactions between nanowires and living cells. The present paper reviews current progress in the understanding of these interactions, with knowledge gathered from studies where living cells were interfaced with vertical nanowire arrays. The effect of nanowires on cells is reported in terms of viability, cell-nanowire interface morphology, cell behavior, changes in gene expression as well as cellular stress markers. Unexplored issues and unanswered questions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle N Prinz
- Division of Solid State Physics, Nanometer Structure Consortium, Neuronano Research Center, Lund University, Box 118, 22 100 Lund, Sweden
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42
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Dehoux T, Abi Ghanem M, Zouani OF, Rampnoux JM, Guillet Y, Dilhaire S, Durrieu MC, Audoin B. All-optical broadband ultrasonography of single cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8650. [PMID: 25731090 PMCID: PMC4346798 DOI: 10.1038/srep08650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell mechanics play a key role in several fundamental biological processes, such as migration, proliferation, differentiation and tissue morphogenesis. In addition, many diseased conditions of the cell are correlated with altered cell mechanics, as in the case of cancer progression. For this there is much interest in methods that can map mechanical properties with a sub-cell resolution. Here, we demonstrate an inverted pulsed opto-acoustic microscope (iPOM) that operates in the 10 to 100 GHz range. These frequencies allow mapping quantitatively cell structures as thin as 10 nm and resolving the fibrillar details of cells. Using this non-invasive all-optical system, we produce high-resolution images based on mechanical properties as the contrast mechanisms, and we can observe the stiffness and adhesion of single migrating stem cells. The technique should allow transferring the diagnostic and imaging abilities of ultrasonic imaging to the single-cell scale, thus opening new avenues for cell biology and biomaterial sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dehoux
- 1] Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France [2] CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - M Abi Ghanem
- 1] Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France [2] CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - O F Zouani
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR CNRS 5248, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - J-M Rampnoux
- Univ. Bordeaux, LOMA, CNRS UMR 5798, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Y Guillet
- 1] Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France [2] CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - S Dilhaire
- Univ. Bordeaux, LOMA, CNRS UMR 5798, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - M-C Durrieu
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR CNRS 5248, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - B Audoin
- 1] Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France [2] CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
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43
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Lu MY, Wang YJ, Hong MH, Chiu CY, You SJ, Lu MP. Selective growth of ZnO nanorods on hydrophobic Si nanorod arrays. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:055604. [PMID: 25590263 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/5/055604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we describe the selective growth of ZnO nanorods (NRs) on top of hydrophobic Si NR arrays. The periodic Si NR arrays, prepared through electroless chemical etching and HF treatment, functioned as hydrophobic substrates. Droplets containing ZnO seeds could be positioned on the Si NR arrays, causing the ZnO seeds to deposit selectively upon them, with n-ZnO NR/p-Si NR array heterojunctions ultimately forming after hydrothermal growth of ZnO NRs. Because of compensation for the difference in refractive index between air and the Si substrate, the n-ZnO NR/p-Si NR arrays exhibited excellent absorption ability in the visible range. Devices based on these n-ZnO NR/p-Si NR array heterojunctions displayed not only rectifying behavior but also photovoltaic effects when illuminated with UV light. The low temperature and low cost of this fabrication process suggest that the selective growth of n-ZnO NRs on p-Si NR arrays might allow such structures to have diverse applications in optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yen Lu
- Graduate Institute of Opto-Mechatronics, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi 62102, Taiwan. Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-yi 62102, Taiwan
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44
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Dehoux T, Abi Ghanem M, Zouani OF, Ducousso M, Chigarev N, Rossignol C, Tsapis N, Durrieu MC, Audoin B. Probing single-cell mechanics with picosecond ultrasonics. ULTRASONICS 2015; 56:160-71. [PMID: 25172112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of cells play a key role in several fundamental biological processes, such as migration, proliferation, differentiation and tissue morphogenesis. The complexity of the inner cell composition and the intricate meshwork formed by transmembrane cell-substrate interactions demands a non-invasive technique to probe cell mechanics and cell adhesion at a subcell scale. In this paper we review the use of laser-generated GHz acoustic waves--a technique called picosecond ultrasonics (PU)--to probe the mechanical properties of single cells. We first describe applications to vegetal cells and biomimetic systems. We show how these systems can be used as simple models to understand more complex animal cells. We then present an opto-acoustic bio-transducer designed for in vivo measurements in physiological conditions. We illustrate the use of this transducer through the simultaneous probing of the density and compressibility of Allium cepa cells. Finally, we demonstrate that this technique can quantify animal-cell adhesion on metallic surfaces by analyzing the acoustic pulses reflected off the cell-metal interface. This innovative approach allows investigating quantitatively cell mechanics without fluorescent labels or mechanical contact to the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dehoux
- Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Maroun Abi Ghanem
- Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Omar F Zouani
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR CNRS 5248, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Mathieu Ducousso
- Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Nikolay Chigarev
- Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Clément Rossignol
- Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Nicolas Tsapis
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8612, Physicochimie-Pharmacotechnie-Biopharmacie, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Bertrand Audoin
- Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France.
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45
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Ligand engagement on material surfaces is discriminated by cell mechanosensoring. Biomaterials 2015; 45:72-80. [PMID: 25662497 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peptide or protein ligands can be used for molecular decoration to enhance the functionality of synthetic materials. However, some skepticism has arisen about the efficacy of such strategy in practical contexts since serum proteins largely adsorb. To address this issue, it is crucial to ascertain whether a chemically conjugated integrin-binding peptide is fully recognized by a cell even if partially covered by a physisorbed layer of serum protein; in more general terms, if competitive protein fragments physisorbed onto the surface are distinguishable from those chemically anchored to it. Here, we engraft an RGD peptide on poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) surfaces and follow the dynamics of focal adhesion (FA) and cytoskeleton assembly at different times and culture conditions using a variety of analytical tools. Although the presence of serum protein covers the bioconjugated RGD significantly, after the first adhesion phase cells dig into the physisorbed layer and reach the submerged signal to establish a more stable adhesion structure (mature FAs). Although the spreading area index is not substantially affected by the presence of the RGD peptide, cells attached to chemically bound signals develop a stronger adhesive interaction with the materials and assemble a mechanically stable cytoskeleton. This demonstrates that cells are able to discriminate, via mechanosensoring, between adhesive motives belonging to physisorbed proteins and those firmly anchored on the material surface.
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46
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Bonde S, Buch-Månson N, Rostgaard KR, Andersen TK, Berthing T, Martinez KL. Exploring arrays of vertical one-dimensional nanostructures for cellular investigations. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:362001. [PMID: 25130133 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/36/362001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The endeavor of exploiting arrays of vertical one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures (NSs) for cellular applications has recently been experiencing a pronounced surge of activity. The interest is rooted in the intrinsic properties of high-aspect-ratio NSs. With a height comparable to a mammalian cell, and a diameter 100-1000 times smaller, NSs should intuitively reach far into a cell and, due to their small diameter, do so without compromising cell health. Single NSs would thus be expedient for measuring and modifying cell response. Further organization of these structures into arrays can provide up-scaled and detailed spatiotemporal information on cell activity, an achievement that would entail a massive leap forward in disease understanding and drug discovery. Numerous proofs-of-principle published recently have expanded the large toolbox that is currently being established in this rapidly advancing field of research. Encouragingly, despite the diversity of NS platforms and experimental conditions used thus far, general trends and conclusions from combining cells with NSs are beginning to crystallize. This review covers the broad spectrum of NS materials and dimensions used; the observed cellular responses with specific focus on adhesion, morphology, viability, proliferation, and migration; compares the different approaches used in the field to provide NSs with the often crucial cytosolic access; covers the progress toward biological applications; and finally, envisions the future of this technology. By maintaining the impressive rate and quality of recent progress, it is conceivable that the use of vertical 1D NSs may soon be established as a superior choice over other current techniques, with all the further benefits that may entail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonde
- Bionanotechnology and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Nano-science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Xie J, Jiang X, Zhong Y, Lu Y, Wang S, Wei X, Su Y, He Y. Stem-loop DNA-assisted silicon nanowires-based biochemical sensors with ultra-high sensitivity, specificity, and multiplexing capability. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:9215-9222. [PMID: 24981573 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01097c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A class of stem-loop DNA-assisted silicon nanowires (SiNWs)-based fluorescent biosensor is presented in this report. Significantly, the sensor enables rapid and sensitive detection of DNA targets with a concentration as low as 1 pM. Moreover, the large planar surface of SiNWs facilitates simultaneous assembly with different DNA strands, which is favorable for multiplexed DNA detection. On the other hand, the SiNWs-based sensor is highly efficacious for detecting heavy metal ions. Mercury ions (Hg(2+)) of low concentrations (e.g., 5 pM) are readily identified from its mixture with over 10 kinds of interfering metal ions, even in real water samples. Given that SiNWs can be fabricated in a facile, reproducible and low-cost manner, this kind of SiNWs-based high-performance sensor is expected to be a practical analytical tool for a variety of biological and environment-protection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xie
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Abi Ghanem M, Dehoux T, Zouani OF, Gadalla A, Durrieu MC, Audoin B. Remote opto-acoustic probing of single-cell adhesion on metallic surfaces. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2014; 7:453-459. [PMID: 24132947 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The reflection of picosecond ultrasonic pulses from a cell-substrate interface is used to probe cell-biomaterial adhesion with a subcell resolution. We culture monocytes on top of a thin biocompatible Ti metal film, supported by a transparent sapphire substrate. Low-energy femtosecond pump laser pulses are focused at the bottom of the Ti film to a micron spot. The subsequent ultrafast thermal expansion launches a longitudinal acoustic pulse in Ti, with a broad spectrum extending up to 100 GHz. We measure the acoustic echoes reflected from the Ti-cell interface through the transient optical reflectance changes. The time-frequency analysis of the reflected acoustic pulses gives access to a map of the cell acoustic impedance Zc and to a map of the film-cell interfacial stiffness K simultaneously. Variations in Zc across the cell are attributed to rigidity and density fluctuations within the cell, whereas variations in K are related to interfacial intermolecular forces and to the nano-architecture of the transmembrane bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Abi Ghanem
- Univ. Bordeaux, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France; CNRS, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France
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Unal M, Alapan Y, Jia H, Varga AG, Angelino K, Aslan M, Sayin I, Han C, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Gurkan UA. Micro and Nano-Scale Technologies for Cell Mechanics. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2014; 1:5. [PMID: 30023016 PMCID: PMC6029242 DOI: 10.5772/59379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell mechanics is a multidisciplinary field that bridges cell biology, fundamental mechanics, and micro and nanotechnology, which synergize to help us better understand the intricacies and the complex nature of cells in their native environment. With recent advances in nanotechnology, microfabrication methods and micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS), we are now well situated to tap into the complex micro world of cells. The field that brings biology and MEMS together is known as Biological MEMS (BioMEMS). BioMEMS take advantage of systematic design and fabrication methods to create platforms that allow us to study cells like never before. These new technologies have been rapidly advancing the study of cell mechanics. This review article provides a succinct overview of cell mechanics and comprehensively surveys micro and nano-scale technologies that have been specifically developed for and are relevant to the mechanics of cells. Here we focus on micro and nano-scale technologies, and their applications in biology and medicine, including imaging, single cell analysis, cancer cell mechanics, organ-on-a-chip systems, pathogen detection, implantable devices, neuroscience and neurophysiology. We also provide a perspective on the future directions and challenges of technologies that relate to the mechanics of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Unal
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Yunus Alapan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
- Case Biomanufacturing and Microfabrication Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Hao Jia
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Adrienn G. Varga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Keith Angelino
- Department of Civil Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Mahmut Aslan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
- Case Biomanufacturing and Microfabrication Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Ismail Sayin
- Case Biomanufacturing and Microfabrication Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Chanjuan Han
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Yanxia Jiang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Zhehao Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Umut A. Gurkan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
- Case Biomanufacturing and Microfabrication Laboratory, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
- Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
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Kim SY, Yang EG. Collective behaviors of mammalian cells on amine-coated silicon nanowires. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:455704. [PMID: 24140651 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/45/455704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Intensive studies with vertical nanowire (NW) arrays have illustrated broad implications for manipulating mammalian cells in vitro, but how cellular responses are influenced by the presence of NWs has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we address collective cellular behaviors, including surface area of cells, membrane trafficking, focal adhesion distribution and dynamics, and cytoskeletal protein distribution on amine-coated silicon (Si) NWs with different physical properties. The degree of HeLa cell spreading was inversely proportional to the surface area occupied by the NWs, which was not affected by manipulation of membrane trafficking dynamics. In the presence of a diffusive focal complex around the NWs, strong, well organized focal adhesion was hardly visible on the NWs, implying that the cells were interacting weakly with the NW-embedded surface. Furthermore, we found that actin filament formation of the cells on long NWs was not favorable, and this could explain our observation of reduced cell spreading, as well as the decreased number of focal adhesion complexes. Taken together, our results suggest that cells can survive on silicon NWs by adjusting their morphology and adhesion behavior through actively organizing these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Korea
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